| 单词 | filtering | 
| 释义 | filteringn.  The action or process of passing something through a filter in order to remove impurities, unwanted material, etc.; an instance of this. Also in plural: the result of this process; a filtrate or residue (now rare). Also figurative and in extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > 			[noun]		 leachinga900 filtering1576 excolation1578 filtration1602 percolation1613 transcolation1634 filtrating1662 membrane filtration1931 polishing1938 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > 			[noun]		 > through any medium or space > passing through a porous medium sipec888 oozinga1398 siping1503 sying1530 filtering1576 filtration1602 percolation1613 transudation1617 filtrature1670 ooze1718 transuding1756 sap1794 seepage1825 sipage1825 percolating1861 soakage1867 bleeding1926 1576    G. Baker tr.  C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health  iii. f. 175v  				Let the whole be..distylled by fyltering. 1617    J. Woodall Surgions Mate 319  				This filtring with a felt, is a kind of preparation of medicines liquid. 1694    R. Blome tr.  A. Le Grand Entire Body Philos.  ii. iv. ii. 84/2 		(margin)	  				The filtring of any Liquor by a slip of Cloth. 1749    Quincy's Pharmacopœia Officinalis 		(ed. 12)	  ii. iii. 81/2  				Green Vitriol purified by filtering. 1793    J. Lodge Introd. Sketches Hist. Hereford i. 92  				The filterings of the lees put into a hogshead also very powerfully contribute to check fermentation. 1830    M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. vi. 191  				The filtering of this rain through the ground. 1876    ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda III.  vi. xlii. 235  				There's been a good filtering of our blood into high families. 1881    Amer. Monthly Microsc. Jrnl. Aug. 157/1  				Correspondents would send him filterings from their water-supply, from time to time, for comparison. 1938    Pop. Sci. Monthly Nov. 213/2  				Adequate filtering is provided by the 15-h. choke and dual, 8 mfd. electrolytic condenser. 1980    Eng. World-Wide 1 216  				The pre-eminence of oral data is based on the assumption that no filtering takes place as it does in the written record. 2000    Times 20 Jan. 39/6  				It is decided that the patient..needs a..tube inserted through the neck into a vein..to help with the filtering of his blood. Compounds C1.   General attributive, as  filtering apparatus,  filtering material, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > 			[adjective]		 filtering1576 1576    G. Baker tr.  C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health f. 213v  				Set this into a filtring vessell. 1658    G. Starkey Natures Explic. 197  				That only be saved which remains behinde in the filtring bag. 1792    G. Cowen Brit. Patent 1920  				A quantity of sand, or any other filtering material. 1830    Gardener's Mag. 6 156  				Water may be drawn from this tank, and introduced into the filtering tank. 1845    J. Wilkinson Brit. Patent 10,984  				Which [a cistern] must be considerably above the level of the filtering apparatus. 1868    Engineering 15 May 482/2  				At Birmingham the sewage of 200,000 persons was discharged into a filtering tank, the filtering media being gravel. 1911    Science 20 Oct. 516/1  				So-called gravity filters in which the filtering material is composed of vegetable or animal charcoal. 1946    Billboard 26 Oct. 99/1  				As a result, a filtering tank had to be set up, which removed chlorine. 2014    Star Tribune 		(Minneapolis)	 		(Nexis)	 22 Apr. 1 a  				Water that's first used to cool machinery is caught and piped to filtering tanks, then reused to spray out hog pens. 2015    T. J. Sullivan et al.  Air Pollution & Freshwater Ecosystems iii. 89  				Discard the used filter and rinse the filtering apparatus.  C2.     filtering basin  n. a vessel, chamber, or (now esp.) artificial pool, made of or containing a layer of porous material and used to filter water. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > 			[noun]		 > filter or percolator > for water filtering basin1801 sand-trapa1877 sand filter1894 1801    Encycl. Brit. Suppl. I. 651/2  				Vessels made of a particular kind of porous stone are employed as filtering basins for freeing water, intended to be drunk, from various kinds of impurity. a1877    E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 846/2  				Filtering-basin, the chamber in which the water from the reservoir of waterworks is received and filtered previous to entering the mains. 1921    Jrnl. Electr. & Western Industry 47 248/2  				Bids for a filtering basin to be installed at the filtration plant on the Sacramento River will be opened by the city council on Sept. 21. 2000    G. T. Koeppel Water for Gotham vi. 80  				After twenty-four hours, the water would be drawn off at the bottom into a filtering basin.   filtering bed  n. a layer of sand, gravel, or other porous material serving as a filter; a pond or tank incorporating such a layer; = filter bed n. at filter n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1816    J. Cleland Ann. Glasgow I. 398  				From the nature and extent of the filtering beds, they were apt to fill up, and thereby become expensive in operation. 1908    Westm. Gaz. 24 Jan. 5/4  				The filtering-beds of the New River works at Hornsey. 1944    Ulster Jrnl. Archæol. 7 49  				The old ‘Basin’ and filtering bed have now become the Armagh Swimming Baths. 2015    S. C. Moldoveanu  & V. David Mod. Sample Prepar. Chromatography iv. 95/1  				Other porous media are made from finely divided particles forming a filtering bed.   filtering cloth  n. a piece of cloth used as a filter; cloth suitable for this purpose. ΚΠ 1576    G. Baker tr.  C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health  iii. xxv. f. 177v  				There remaineth a certayne substance in the bottome of the Lymbeck, lyke to a redde feces, which they take, & put into a fyltring cloath, hanging it in a moyst place, that the feces may so melt..into a vessell standing vnder. 1793    tr.  Menon French Family Cook 104  				Cover it with thin slices of fat bacon, and roll it in a filtering cloth. 1835    Rec. Gen. Sci. 2 136  				The sediment is thrown upon a filtering cloth and set aside. 1897    Western Creamery Nov. 17/1  				This apparatus consists of a series of screens made of filtering cloth, through which the milk is forced under pressure. 1938    J.-B. O. Sneeden Introd. Internal Combustion Engin. 		(new ed.)	 v. 82  				Each element consists of a metal body of wire netting covered over first with plush material and then with a filtering cloth. 1971    Pop. Mech. Apr. 132/2  				Air drawn in at the bottom is heated by the bulb and rises through filtering cloth to dry the film. 2012    T. Sparks Solid-liquid Filtration ix. 144  				A large-mesh support cloth..will shield the filtering cloth from sharp or rough edges.   filtering cup  n. 		 (a) a cup designed to filter liquid;		 †(b) a device consisting of a bell jar attached to a suction pump at the side and plugged with a porous cup at the top, used to demonstrate how the evacuation of the bell jar hastens filtration (obsolete). ΚΠ 1747    T. Short Medicina Britannica 		(ed. 2)	 App. 21  				Let all stand till the Water is clear, then pour all into a filtering Cup. 1795    Catal. Optical, Math. & Philos. Instruments 		(W. & S. Jones)	 6  				A filtering cup..shewing the porosity of vegetables. 1842    G. W. Francis Dict. Arts  				Filtering cup, a pneumatic apparatus, to show that if the pressure of the atmosphere be removed from an under surface, that the pressure still remaining on the surface above, has the effect of driving a fluid readily through the pores of such substance as it would not otherwise penetrate. 1881    Science 15 Jan. p. iii/2 		(advt.)	  				This is the only Filter having the Patent Removable Filtering Cup attached. 1920    Sugar Dec. 721/1  				My present invention..has for its object to provide a filtering cup or vessel which will not only be rapid and thoroughly effective but will also be convenient in use. 1996    T. Pedersen Gypsy World vii. 62  				The filtering cup on the container would purify any liquid.   filtering medium  n. a layer of porous material used as a filter; any porous material suitable for this use. ΚΠ 1791    J. Peacock Brit. Patent 1844  				The ascent of the fluid through the filtering medium. 1850    Mechanic's Mag. 1 June 436/1  				Above each of these gratings there is laid a quantity of coarse gravel, or other filtering medium, of a size sufficiently large not to pass through the openings. 1907    Times 15 Feb. 3/1  				The filtering medium, whatever it was, speedily got choked by the stive or dust. 1957    Changing Times May 31/1  				It [sc. a filter] continually removes water from the pool, forces it through a filtering medium to remove sediment and returns the cleansed water to the pool. 2015    S. Bennett Mod. Diesel Technol. 		(ed. 2)	 vii. 138/1  				Effective absorbent filtering media include cotton pulp, mineral wools, wool yarn, and felt.   filtering paper  n.				 [originally after German Filtrierpapier (1649 in the passage translated in quot. 1651)]			 unsized porous paper used to filter liquids; a piece of this; = filter paper n. at filter n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1651    J. French tr.  J. R. Glauber Descr. New Philos. Furnaces  ii. 71  				Then let all the green waters which you poured off, run through filtring paper [Ger. filtrir Papier; L. chartam emporeticam], for to purifie them. 1758    W. Lewis in  Philos. Trans. 1757 		(Royal Soc.)	 50 163  				The colourless sorts of filtering-paper are preferable for this use to the coloured. 1807    A. Aikin  & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. II. 360/1  				A copious quantity of irregular crystals will be formed, which may be separated from the adhering liquor by pressing them between folds of filtering paper. 1954    A. B. Toklas Cook Bk. xiii. 278  				Fit a filtering paper into a funnel and pour through it to fill the bottles. 2003    Washington Post 		(Nexis)	 14 Sept.  g2  				Eventually the filtering paper disintegrates and you have no filter at all.   filtering press  n. a filter through which liquid is forced by the application of pressure; = filter press n. at filter n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > 			[noun]		 > filter or percolator > in which liquid is forced through by pressure filtering press1817 filter press1817 1817    Repertory of Arts 30 374 		(heading)	  				Description of an Hydraulic Filtering Press. a1877    E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 846/2  				Filtering-press, a press in which the passage of a liquid through a body of filtering material is expedited by pressure applied thereto; a pressure-filter. 1947    Factory Managem. & Maintenance Sept. 81/1  				The oil is passed through filter paper in a filtering press to separate the dirt and gum that have combined with the cleaning agents. 2008    D. Deublein  & A. Steinhauser Biogas  v. iv. 266  				Filtering presses can be classified as frame filter presses, compartment filter presses, and membrane filter presses.   filtering software  n. software designed to filter data; esp. (in later use) software designed to automatically sort incoming emails into folders, block access to certain web pages, etc., according to preset rules or conditions.Frequently with distinguishing word indicating what the software is designed to filter. ΚΠ 1977    R. J. Hruby  & W. S. Bjorkman Flight Test Results Strapdown Hexad Intertial Ref. Unit (NASA Techn. Mem. 73223) II. 44  				Data analysis showed that the quantization-derived digital noise from the 44-arcsec/bit resolution (without filtering software) would prohibit use of such data in short haul flight control systems. 1991    InfoWorld 		(Nexis)	 19 Aug. (Networking section) 37  				WiJit E-mail filtering software lets users define and execute tasks, such as sorting through mail messages. 2009    Wall St. Jrnl. 23 July  b7/6  				Some Asian computer makers have begun to include China's Green Dam Web-filtering software in products shipped to Chinese customers. 2014    Atlanta Jrnl.-Constit. 		(Nexis)	 13 Oct. 1 a  				Metro school systems' filtering software blocks certain categories including those related to social networks and some streaming media. In addition, topics like abortion, gambling, hacking and cyberbullying and personal sites and blogs are also off limits.   filtering stone  n. a porous stone used to filter water; any of various types of stone used for this purpose. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > 			[noun]		 > filter or percolator > stone filtering stone1745 dripstone1792 1745    New Gen. Coll. Voy. & Trav. I. 555/2  				In Laguna, where the Water is not clear, they depurate by filtering Stones. 1821    J. Smyth Pract. of Customs 		(ed. 2)	 ii. 234  				Filtering Stones,—Duty—for every £100 value. 1864    J. C. Brough  & A. J. Cooley Cycl. Pract. Receipts 		(ed. 4)	 640/1  				For filtering water on the small scale,..diaphragms of porous earthenware and filtering-stone, and layers of sand and charcoal, &c.,..are commonly employed. 1958    Sci. News Let. 2 Aug. 68/3  				Snails are believed to keep spaces between filtering stones open and reduce the chance of clogging. 2005    National Business Rev. 		(N.Z.)	 		(Nexis)	 23 Sept. 52  				A hearing before independent commissioners..will determine if the airport can continue to channel waste water into sumps in the ground that are surrounded by filtering stones and sand. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). filteringadj.  That filters (in various senses). ΚΠ 1771    J. Whitaker Hist. Manch. I. v. 122  				The gravel should not be used in the naked state in which it is left by the river, deprived of its sand and loam by the filtering waters. 1821    J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 162  				I love to watch thy [sc. an hour-glass] filtering burthen pass. 1957    N. Frye Anat. Crit. 7  				Such filtering critics usually imply..that they are letting their literary experience speak for itself. 2008    in  R. A. Lockshin Joy of Sci. xvi. 340 		(caption)	  				It [sc. a lancelet] draws in water and small organisms through its filtering mouth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < | 
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