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单词 filtering
释义

filteringn.

Brit. /ˈfɪlt(ə)rɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈfɪlt(ə)rɪŋ/
Forms: see filter v. and -ing suffix1.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: filter v., -ing suffix1.
Etymology: < filter v. + -ing suffix1. Compare slightly later filtration n.
The action or process of passing something through a filter in order to remove impurities, unwanted material, etc.; an instance of this. Also in plural: the result of this process; a filtrate or residue (now rare). Also figurative and in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [noun]
leachinga900
filtering1576
excolation1578
filtration1602
percolation1613
transcolation1634
filtrating1662
membrane filtration1931
polishing1938
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [noun] > through any medium or space > passing through a porous medium
sipec888
oozinga1398
siping1503
sying1530
filtering1576
filtration1602
percolation1613
transudation1617
filtrature1670
ooze1718
transuding1756
sap1794
seepage1825
sipage1825
percolating1861
soakage1867
bleeding1926
1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health iii. f. 175v Let the whole be..distylled by fyltering.
1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 319 This filtring with a felt, is a kind of preparation of medicines liquid.
1694 R. Blome tr. A. Le Grand Entire Body Philos. ii. iv. ii. 84/2 (margin) The filtring of any Liquor by a slip of Cloth.
1749 Quincy's Pharmacopœia Officinalis (ed. 12) ii. iii. 81/2 Green Vitriol purified by filtering.
1793 J. Lodge Introd. Sketches Hist. Hereford i. 92 The filterings of the lees put into a hogshead also very powerfully contribute to check fermentation.
1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. vi. 191 The filtering of this rain through the ground.
1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda III. vi. xlii. 235 There's been a good filtering of our blood into high families.
1881 Amer. Monthly Microsc. Jrnl. Aug. 157/1 Correspondents would send him filterings from their water-supply, from time to time, for comparison.
1938 Pop. Sci. Monthly Nov. 213/2 Adequate filtering is provided by the 15-h. choke and dual, 8 mfd. electrolytic condenser.
1980 Eng. World-Wide 1 216 The pre-eminence of oral data is based on the assumption that no filtering takes place as it does in the written record.
2000 Times 20 Jan. 39/6 It is decided that the patient..needs a..tube inserted through the neck into a vein..to help with the filtering of his blood.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as filtering apparatus, filtering material, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [adjective]
filtering1576
1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health f. 213v Set this into a filtring vessell.
1658 G. Starkey Natures Explic. 197 That only be saved which remains behinde in the filtring bag.
1792 G. Cowen Brit. Patent 1920 A quantity of sand, or any other filtering material.
1830 Gardener's Mag. 6 156 Water may be drawn from this tank, and introduced into the filtering tank.
1845 J. Wilkinson Brit. Patent 10,984 Which [a cistern] must be considerably above the level of the filtering apparatus.
1868 Engineering 15 May 482/2 At Birmingham the sewage of 200,000 persons was discharged into a filtering tank, the filtering media being gravel.
1911 Science 20 Oct. 516/1 So-called gravity filters in which the filtering material is composed of vegetable or animal charcoal.
1946 Billboard 26 Oct. 99/1 As a result, a filtering tank had to be set up, which removed chlorine.
2014 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 22 Apr. 1 a Water that's first used to cool machinery is caught and piped to filtering tanks, then reused to spray out hog pens.
2015 T. J. Sullivan et al. Air Pollution & Freshwater Ecosystems iii. 89 Discard the used filter and rinse the filtering apparatus.
C2.
filtering basin n. a vessel, chamber, or (now esp.) artificial pool, made of or containing a layer of porous material and used to filter water.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [noun] > filter or percolator > for water
filtering basin1801
sand-trapa1877
sand filter1894
1801 Encycl. Brit. Suppl. I. 651/2 Vessels made of a particular kind of porous stone are employed as filtering basins for freeing water, intended to be drunk, from various kinds of impurity.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 846/2 Filtering-basin, the chamber in which the water from the reservoir of waterworks is received and filtered previous to entering the mains.
1921 Jrnl. Electr. & Western Industry 47 248/2 Bids for a filtering basin to be installed at the filtration plant on the Sacramento River will be opened by the city council on Sept. 21.
2000 G. T. Koeppel Water for Gotham vi. 80 After twenty-four hours, the water would be drawn off at the bottom into a filtering basin.
filtering bed n. a layer of sand, gravel, or other porous material serving as a filter; a pond or tank incorporating such a layer; = filter bed n. at filter n. Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1816 J. Cleland Ann. Glasgow I. 398 From the nature and extent of the filtering beds, they were apt to fill up, and thereby become expensive in operation.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 24 Jan. 5/4 The filtering-beds of the New River works at Hornsey.
1944 Ulster Jrnl. Archæol. 7 49 The old ‘Basin’ and filtering bed have now become the Armagh Swimming Baths.
2015 S. C. Moldoveanu & V. David Mod. Sample Prepar. Chromatography iv. 95/1 Other porous media are made from finely divided particles forming a filtering bed.
filtering cloth n. a piece of cloth used as a filter; cloth suitable for this purpose.
ΚΠ
1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health iii. xxv. f. 177v There remaineth a certayne substance in the bottome of the Lymbeck, lyke to a redde feces, which they take, & put into a fyltring cloath, hanging it in a moyst place, that the feces may so melt..into a vessell standing vnder.
1793 tr. Menon French Family Cook 104 Cover it with thin slices of fat bacon, and roll it in a filtering cloth.
1835 Rec. Gen. Sci. 2 136 The sediment is thrown upon a filtering cloth and set aside.
1897 Western Creamery Nov. 17/1 This apparatus consists of a series of screens made of filtering cloth, through which the milk is forced under pressure.
1938 J.-B. O. Sneeden Introd. Internal Combustion Engin. (new ed.) v. 82 Each element consists of a metal body of wire netting covered over first with plush material and then with a filtering cloth.
1971 Pop. Mech. Apr. 132/2 Air drawn in at the bottom is heated by the bulb and rises through filtering cloth to dry the film.
2012 T. Sparks Solid-liquid Filtration ix. 144 A large-mesh support cloth..will shield the filtering cloth from sharp or rough edges.
filtering cup n. (a) a cup designed to filter liquid; (b) a device consisting of a bell jar attached to a suction pump at the side and plugged with a porous cup at the top, used to demonstrate how the evacuation of the bell jar hastens filtration (obsolete).
ΚΠ
1747 T. Short Medicina Britannica (ed. 2) App. 21 Let all stand till the Water is clear, then pour all into a filtering Cup.
1795 Catal. Optical, Math. & Philos. Instruments (W. & S. Jones) 6 A filtering cup..shewing the porosity of vegetables.
1842 G. W. Francis Dict. Arts Filtering cup, a pneumatic apparatus, to show that if the pressure of the atmosphere be removed from an under surface, that the pressure still remaining on the surface above, has the effect of driving a fluid readily through the pores of such substance as it would not otherwise penetrate.
1881 Science 15 Jan. p. iii/2 (advt.) This is the only Filter having the Patent Removable Filtering Cup attached.
1920 Sugar Dec. 721/1 My present invention..has for its object to provide a filtering cup or vessel which will not only be rapid and thoroughly effective but will also be convenient in use.
1996 T. Pedersen Gypsy World vii. 62 The filtering cup on the container would purify any liquid.
filtering medium n. a layer of porous material used as a filter; any porous material suitable for this use.
ΚΠ
1791 J. Peacock Brit. Patent 1844 The ascent of the fluid through the filtering medium.
1850 Mechanic's Mag. 1 June 436/1 Above each of these gratings there is laid a quantity of coarse gravel, or other filtering medium, of a size sufficiently large not to pass through the openings.
1907 Times 15 Feb. 3/1 The filtering medium, whatever it was, speedily got choked by the stive or dust.
1957 Changing Times May 31/1 It [sc. a filter] continually removes water from the pool, forces it through a filtering medium to remove sediment and returns the cleansed water to the pool.
2015 S. Bennett Mod. Diesel Technol. (ed. 2) vii. 138/1 Effective absorbent filtering media include cotton pulp, mineral wools, wool yarn, and felt.
filtering paper n. [originally after German Filtrierpapier (1649 in the passage translated in quot. 1651)] unsized porous paper used to filter liquids; a piece of this; = filter paper n. at filter n. Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1651 J. French tr. J. R. Glauber Descr. New Philos. Furnaces ii. 71 Then let all the green waters which you poured off, run through filtring paper [Ger. filtrir Papier; L. chartam emporeticam], for to purifie them.
1758 W. Lewis in Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 163 The colourless sorts of filtering-paper are preferable for this use to the coloured.
1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. II. 360/1 A copious quantity of irregular crystals will be formed, which may be separated from the adhering liquor by pressing them between folds of filtering paper.
1954 A. B. Toklas Cook Bk. xiii. 278 Fit a filtering paper into a funnel and pour through it to fill the bottles.
2003 Washington Post (Nexis) 14 Sept. g2 Eventually the filtering paper disintegrates and you have no filter at all.
filtering press n. a filter through which liquid is forced by the application of pressure; = filter press n. at filter n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [noun] > filter or percolator > in which liquid is forced through by pressure
filtering press1817
filter press1817
1817 Repertory of Arts 30 374 (heading) Description of an Hydraulic Filtering Press.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 846/2 Filtering-press, a press in which the passage of a liquid through a body of filtering material is expedited by pressure applied thereto; a pressure-filter.
1947 Factory Managem. & Maintenance Sept. 81/1 The oil is passed through filter paper in a filtering press to separate the dirt and gum that have combined with the cleaning agents.
2008 D. Deublein & A. Steinhauser Biogas v. iv. 266 Filtering presses can be classified as frame filter presses, compartment filter presses, and membrane filter presses.
filtering software n. software designed to filter data; esp. (in later use) software designed to automatically sort incoming emails into folders, block access to certain web pages, etc., according to preset rules or conditions.Frequently with distinguishing word indicating what the software is designed to filter.
ΚΠ
1977 R. J. Hruby & W. S. Bjorkman Flight Test Results Strapdown Hexad Intertial Ref. Unit (NASA Techn. Mem. 73223) II. 44 Data analysis showed that the quantization-derived digital noise from the 44-arcsec/bit resolution (without filtering software) would prohibit use of such data in short haul flight control systems.
1991 InfoWorld (Nexis) 19 Aug. (Networking section) 37 WiJit E-mail filtering software lets users define and execute tasks, such as sorting through mail messages.
2009 Wall St. Jrnl. 23 July b7/6 Some Asian computer makers have begun to include China's Green Dam Web-filtering software in products shipped to Chinese customers.
2014 Atlanta Jrnl.-Constit. (Nexis) 13 Oct. 1 a Metro school systems' filtering software blocks certain categories including those related to social networks and some streaming media. In addition, topics like abortion, gambling, hacking and cyberbullying and personal sites and blogs are also off limits.
filtering stone n. a porous stone used to filter water; any of various types of stone used for this purpose.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [noun] > filter or percolator > stone
filtering stone1745
dripstone1792
1745 New Gen. Coll. Voy. & Trav. I. 555/2 In Laguna, where the Water is not clear, they depurate by filtering Stones.
1821 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs (ed. 2) ii. 234 Filtering Stones,—Duty—for every £100 value.
1864 J. C. Brough & A. J. Cooley Cycl. Pract. Receipts (ed. 4) 640/1 For filtering water on the small scale,..diaphragms of porous earthenware and filtering-stone, and layers of sand and charcoal, &c.,..are commonly employed.
1958 Sci. News Let. 2 Aug. 68/3 Snails are believed to keep spaces between filtering stones open and reduce the chance of clogging.
2005 National Business Rev. (N.Z.) (Nexis) 23 Sept. 52 A hearing before independent commissioners..will determine if the airport can continue to channel waste water into sumps in the ground that are surrounded by filtering stones and sand.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

filteringadj.

Brit. /ˈfɪlt(ə)rɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈfɪlt(ə)rɪŋ/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: filter v., -ing suffix2.
Etymology: < filter v. + -ing suffix2.
That filters (in various senses).
ΚΠ
1771 J. Whitaker Hist. Manch. I. v. 122 The gravel should not be used in the naked state in which it is left by the river, deprived of its sand and loam by the filtering waters.
1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 162 I love to watch thy [sc. an hour-glass] filtering burthen pass.
1957 N. Frye Anat. Crit. 7 Such filtering critics usually imply..that they are letting their literary experience speak for itself.
2008 in R. A. Lockshin Joy of Sci. xvi. 340 (caption) It [sc. a lancelet] draws in water and small organisms through its filtering mouth.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1576adj.1771
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