spinoseadj.
/spʌɪˈnəʊs/ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective]
arvethc885
uneathOE
arvethlichc1000
evilc1175
hardc1175
deara1225
derfa1225
illc1330
wickeda1375
uneasy1398
difficul?a1450
difficile?1473
difficulta1527
unready1535
craggy1582
spiny1604
tough1619
uphill1622
shrewda1626
spinousa1638
scabrous1646
spinose1660
rugged1663
cranka1745
tight1764
thraward1818
nasty1828
upstream1847
awkward1860
pricklyc1862
bristling1871
sticky1871
rocky1873
dodgy1898
challengeful1927
solid1943
ball-busting1944
challenging1975
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > [adjective] > sharply
sharp?c1225
quipping1542
sharp-fanged1598
wittya1616
spinousa1638
scalding1641
spinose1660
smart1665
acid1756
caustic1771
rapped-out1831
1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness viii. iii. 369 If this Childe of God prove something spinose and harsh in opposing, rebuking [etc.].
1665 J. Glanvill Sciri Tuum: Authors Defense Let. Aristotle 89 in Scepsis Scientifica A spurious medly of nice, spinose and useless notions.
1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 20 Of spinose, frivolous questions, such as assume the name of Science but deserve not the same.
2. Zoology. = spinous adj. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [adjective] > having a hard protective covering > having spines
pikeda1398
prickled1578
spinose1661
thorny1711
prickly1774
spinous1774
spined1777
spinaceous1875
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. A6v Oxyrinchus, stellarie oculate and clavate, spinose, rough.
1704 J. Petiver Gazophylacii IV. 62 I have observed one or two of this Genus of Insects in England, tho not Spinose.
1742 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 42 28 The Cartilaginous and Spinose kinds of Fishes.
1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals I. x. 307 The hard and often spinose crust of crabs or lobsters.
1852 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Crustacea Pt. II ii. 1530 The tendency to spinose forms among the species of the colder temperate regions.
1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 65 The spinose land-terrapin (Geoëmyda spinosa).
3. Botany. = spinous adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > thorn or prickle > [adjective]
thornenc897
thornyc1000
armeda1398
pikeda1398
thornish1426
pricky1548
prickly1577
prickled1578
spiky1578
sharp-set1601
spiny1604
senticous1657
aculeous1658
spinous1668
spineal1688
spinose1693
aculeate1753
spinescent1793
aculeolate1818
aciculated1819
spinulose1819
spinulescent1836
spinulous1846
thorned1895
1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 687 'Tis spinose, and trifoliate, the Flower and Seed of a coccineous Colour.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Spinose Leaf, that whose disk or edge is armed with cartilaginous points..firmly affixed.
1772 J. R. Forster tr. P. Kalm Trav. N. Amer. I. 130 When the hedges consist of spinose bushes, the cattle will hardly attempt to get through them.
1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 8 Achenes tubercled or spinose.
1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) i. vii. 8 In Whin or Furze, both the leaves..and the branches are spinose.
Derivatives
spiˈnosely adv.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > thorn or prickle > [adverb] > in a thorny or spiny manner
spinosely1847
spinulosely1857
thornily1886
1847 W. E. Steele Handbk. Field Bot. 84 Leaves minutely spinosely ciliated on edge.
1847 W. E. Steele Handbk. Field Bot. 163 Leaves..spinosely serrate.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.1660