单词 | specialist |
释义 | specialistn.adj. A. n. ΚΠ 1661 A. Burgess Expository Comment 1st Chap. 2 Cor. lxxxvii. 396 This is that which the Papists do so declaim against, and for which Estius calleth us Specialistas, Specialists. ΚΠ 1720 Right of Precedence between Phisicians & Civilians 12 Doctors in Divinity, and those not Specialists, as we use to call them, i.e. such as have received that Degree by the special Indulgence and undeserv'd Favour and Grace of the University. 3. a. A person highly trained or skilled in a specific and restricted field; a person, company, etc., specializing in a particular subject, activity, or line of business. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > learned person, scholar > [noun] > expert, specialist, authority masterc1225 historian?a1439 authentic1613 scientiate1647 supernaturalist1659 authority1665 connoisseur1732 pundit1816 expert1825 specialist1839 past master1840 sharp1840 professional1846 beggar1859 specializer1868 passed master1882 buff1903 man1921 sharpshooter1942 sharpie1949 watcher1966 meister1975 1839 Q. Rev. Oct. 422 The economists, the jurists, the specialists (or practical men), the theorists, the formalists, the generalisers, the phraseologists, and the interrupters. 1867 H. Spencer First Princ. (ed. 2) ii. i. §36 130 Even the most limited specialist would not describe as philosophical, an essay which [etc.]. 1877 C. W. Thomson Voy. ‘Challenger’ I. i. 9 To associate with her complement of scientific officers a civilian staff of specialists. 1924 M. Baring C xvi. 187 Mr. Owen..was a specialist in preparing boys for Oxford and Cambridge. 1955 Househ. Guide & Almanac (News of World) 311/2 The champion ‘draw specialists’ of the season were Accrington Stanley. 1976 Evening Post (Nottingham) 14 Dec. 15/8 (advt.) Derby's leading boyswear and schoolwear specialists. 2010 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 30 Sept. 6/2 Before that, he was a West Europeanist, a specialist in the intellectual and political history of France. b. spec. A medical practitioner having advanced training in and dealing exclusively with the study or treatment of a particular disease or class of diseases, a particular part or system of the body, or a particular group of people. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > specialist > [noun] pure1827 specialist1839 1839 Med. Examiner 21 Dec. 815/2 I do not place much reliance on his statement, for he was a specialist, and those gentlemen have generally something more in view than the interests of science. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. ix. 93 The recital might edify a specialist who was anxious to register the Protean indications of scurvy. 1875 B. Meadows Clin. Observ. 11 Has been treated by an eminent specialist, with both arsenic and mercury. 1889 D. C. Murray & H. Murray Dangerous Catspaw 162 He was a famous nerve specialist when he retired from practice. 1919 D. Cooper Diary 19 July (2005) 107 At last Doctor Pritchard whom I was consulting took me to a skin specialist who diagnosed it as tinia. 1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 29 July 257/2 A cancer specialist..serves as a consultant to the local doctors. 2007 S. Perkins & J. Meyers-Thompson Infertility for Dummies vii. 110 You may decide that it's time to see a specialist. c. U.S. Stock Market. A dealer who buys and sells only a single stock or a narrow range of stocks, typically having or sharing responsibility for maintaining a stable market in the relevant sector. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > dealer in stocks and shares > type of profit taker1552 bull1714 bear1718 fund-monger1734 lame duck1806 stag1845 taker-in1852 cornerer1869 wrecker1876 corner-man1881 market-rigger1881 boursocrat1882 offeror1882 ribbon clerk1882 inflater1884 manipulator1888 underwriter1889 kangaroo1896 piker1898 share pusher1898 specialist1900 tailer1900 writer1906 placee1953 corporate raider1955 tippee1961 raider1972 bottom fisher1974 white knight1978 greenmailer1984 1900 S. A. Nelson ABC of Wall St. xxxv. 159 Specialists. Brokers who deal in one or two stocks only. 1907 S. A. Nelson Consolidated Stock Exchange N.Y. xiii. 69 The successful specialist if trading in an active stock must be a robust man, have a strong voice, be quick-witted, and always willing to trade. 1934 Sun (Baltimore) 3 Mar. 15/8 New York Stock Exchange ‘specialists’ today objected emphatically to provisions of the pending securities market control bill which would require them to abandon the practice of trading on their own account. 1963 B. E. Shultz Securities Market (ed. 2) xvi. 302 A ‘floor give-up’ in which specialists and two-dollar brokers give up the names of the firms for which they are acting. 1988 Times 12 Feb. 24/5 The specialist in New York assumes an obligation to act to prevent volatile price movements in the shares for which he has the sole obligation to make a market. 2003 U.S. News & World Rep. 9 June 27/3 Each of the 443 specialists is supposed to hold an auction for every sale. d. In the Soviet Union and other communist countries: a person with a specialist knowledge in some area of science, engineering, or culture; an engineer or scientist. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > scientist man of science1482 natural philosopher?1541 secretary of nature1580 artsman1632 experimental philosopher1651 artist1665 scientific1738 sciencist1778 scientist1834 scientician1841 scientiate1847 scient1854 sciencer1871 natural scientist1872 specialist1918 boffin1945 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skilful person > skilled and knowledgeable person > with specialist knowledge specialist1918 1918 New Jersey Municipalities Oct. 309/1 He alluded to an address of Lenine's, in which the necessity for expertness in a democratic government—even to the extent of using ‘bourgeois specialists’, if necessary—is set forth. 1929 tr. ‘V. M. Molotov’ Communist Party Soviet Union 39 Of course there cannot be many among the ranks of the old specialists who could be taken into the Party... The Shakhtny case revealed clearly enough that we have some of the most bitter enemies among the specialists, whose skill we must nevertheless use. 1974 T. P. Whitney tr. A. Solzhenitsyn Gulag Archipel. I. i. ix. 334 The Case of Glavtop—May, 1921. This case was important because it involved engineers—or, as they had been christened in the terminology of the times, ‘specialists’, or spetsy. 1977 ‘S. Leys’ Chinese Shadows (1978) ii. 101 It [sc. the Tower of the Six Harmonies] is such a sturdy building that an army of ‘specialists’ would have been necessary to demolish it. 1997 Theory & Society 26 44 According to the 1989 census, the specialists as a sociological group constituted about 28 percent of the employed Russian population. e. U.S. Military. An enlisted soldier in the U.S. Army of one of four grades (specialist 4, equivalent to the rank of corporal, being the most junior, specialist 7, equivalent to sergeant first class, being the most senior) who has technical or administrative duties but does not exercise command. Frequently prefixed to the name of a soldier. Cf. spec n.4 ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] partyman1693 specialist1955 spec1958 1955 Army-Navy-Air Force Reg. 14 May 1/1 Army personnel in the top four enlisted grades will be separated into two groups, non-commissioned officers and specialists... Those who perform non-leadership duties of a technical or administrative nature will be designated ‘Specialists’..and will rank among themselves as Master Specialists (E-7), Specialist First Class (E-6), Specialist Second Class (E-5), and Specialist (E-4). 1969 I. Kemp Brit. G.I. in Vietnam iii. 67 I got on particularly well with the new crew chief, Specialist Fifth Class Jaycelon. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VII. 406/2 Specialist, military, any of four enlisted ranks in the U.S. Army corresponding to the grades of corporal (Specialist 4) through sergeant first class (Specialist 7). 2008 N.Y. Times Mag. 24 Feb. 64/2 He and Specialist Michael Jackson had crawled up the hill twice trying to retake it. 4. Ecology. A species which is closely adapted to certain environmental conditions or a particular ecological niche. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [noun] colonist1839 benthos1891 land form1897 heterotroph1900 autotroph1901 epibenthos1902 specialist1902 microaerophile1903 nitrifier1903 consumer1904 nitrogen fixer1904 producer1904 indicator1906 psychrophile1906 thermophil1909 sulphuretum1925 influent1926 halobiont1928 halophile1928 mesophile1928 oligosaprobe1931 saprobe1932 eurytope1938 stenotope1938 photoautotroph1939 chemoautotroph1943 prototroph1946 mixotrophy1948 chemolithoautotroph1949 auxotroph1950 chemoheterotroph1951 chemoorganotroph1953 chemolithotroph1955 chemotroph1958 osmophile1961 psychrotroph1963 saprotroph1963 generalist1964 opportunist1967 cryophile1970 1902 Bull. Univ. Cincinnati Apr. 7 The advantages and disadvantages of specialists; the giraffe and the ant-eater. 1966 BioScience 16 243/1 Some of these early living forms doubtless became specialists adapted to particular environmental conditions. 2009 M. J. Angilletta Thermal Adaption 194/1 If hotter is truly better, a specialist adapted to a high body temperature would enjoy greater fitness than a specialist adapted to a low body temperature. B. adj. 1. Of a person: that is a specialist; possessing detailed knowledge of a specific and restricted subject; engaged in activity or study in a restricted field, market, role, etc. ΚΠ 1856 Asylum Jrnl. Mental Sci. No. 15. 82 M Falret points out three principal conclusions which specialist physicians have arrived at, in their study of emotional disturbance. 1887 D. Maguire Art of Massage (ed. 4) i. 15 The specialist doctor who practises therapeutic massage should develop a special action of his own. 1926 Lincoln (Nebraska) Sunday Star 17 Jan. 2/1 The specialist grain farmer will put up a fuss in times of low corn prices. 1969 Australian 24 May 36/7 Owen Butler and Dick Millard, the two towering NSW Country second rowers, are specialist lineout jumpers. 2004 B. Cunliffe Iron Age Communities in Brit. xviii. 505 Specialist potters were at work in at least four centres supplying the ceramic needs of the communities. 2. That involves or requires detailed knowledge of a specific and restricted subject; aimed at, suited for, or carried out by specialists; specialized. ΚΠ 1861 Med. Critic & Psychol. Jrnl. 1 60 Such evils as appertain to specialist practice and specialties in medicine may be readily distinguished from the good which belongs to them. 1883 Fortn. Rev. July 110 The matters to be dealt with require a specialist knowledge. 1893 F. W. L. Adams New Egypt xix I had no specialist acquaintance with the place or the people. 1967 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 113 450/1 Thirty-nine papers reprinted from specialist journals make this volume excellent value. 1986 Jrnl. Operational Res. Soc. 37 1019 The techniques are rather specialist and cannot in general be fully applied. 2009 J. Struthers Red Sky at Night 139 You can always buy more specialist equipment later, if you get the flower-pressing bug. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1661 |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。