sourdoughn.

Brit.

/ˈsaʊədəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈsaʊərˌdoʊ/

Forms: (see sour adj. and dough n.).

Etymology: Corresponds in sense 1 to West Frisian sûrdaei, older Flemish suerdeech, -deegh (Dutch and Flemish zuurdeeg), Middle Low German sûrdêch, Middle High German sûrteich (German sauerteig), Middle Swedish surdegher (Swedish surdeg), Danish surdeig.

a. Leaven. Now dialect and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > leaven or yeast

barmc1000

yeastc1000

sourdough1303

leaven1340

fermentc1420

God's good1469

quickening1573

rising1594

sizzing1594

leavening1626

kneading1638

emptying1650

yeast-cake1795

hametz1891

α.

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 10099 Þe paste..ne ogh Be made of any maner of soure dogh.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxiii. 18 Thow shalt not offer vpon sour dowȝ the blood of thi sacrifice.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) xvii. lxviii Sowr dowe rereþ paste and brede þ^t is medled þerwiþ.

14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 725 Hoc fermentum, surdowght.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 466/2 Sowre Dowe, fermentum.

a1529 J. Skelton Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng in Certayne Bks. (?1545) 288 Som bryngeth her husbandes hood..; And some brought sowre dowe.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Exod. xiii. 7 Therfore shalt thou eate vnleuended bred seuen dayes, that there be no sowre dowe, ner sowred bred sene in all thy quarters.

1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale 78/2 Sour dough or doff, leaven.

1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. 132/1 Sour-dough, the more homely equivalent of leaven.

β. c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 663 Hoc fermentum, surdagh.1483 Cath. Angl. 350/1 Sowre daghe, fermentum, zima.c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1901) I. Matt. xiii. 33 The kingdom of heuenis is like to sourdauche.

b. figurative of qualities, etc.

ΘΠ

the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > sudden or complete change > [noun] > agent of

sourdoughc1380

leavena1393

yeast1769

c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 2 Crist commandiþ to his disciplis..to vndirstonde & flee þe sowrdow of pharisees.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) ix. xxxi Ifedde not with olde souredowe of malice but with pure mete of swetenes.

a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS xxiii. 404 Of þe olde wrecchednesse Holdyng doun sourdouh.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 300 Be made free from the olde sowre dowgh, that ys to say, from synne.

c. North American. Fermenting dough, esp. that left over from a previous baking, used as leaven; bread made from this. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > dough for bread

dougheOE

rye dough1584

bread dough1698

sponge1748

turnpike1850

sourdough1868

1868 J. Anderson Sawney's Lett. Gie my respecks to your guid wife; If ever I get hame to Fife, I'll teach her hoo to mak loaf bread, Wi' sour dough.

1922 G. C. F. Pringle Tillicums of Trail 156 In every old prospector's cabin..you would see a bowl which contained sour dough from the previous making. This was used as yeast to be mixed in with the dough at the next baking.

1931 Sun (Baltimore) 5 Mar. 12/3 [Maryland] might be thought wanting in pride in the culinary art for which the State enjoyed well-earned fame when Indiana was eating sour dough and jerked meat.

1959 M. Shand Summit & Beyond xi. 197 There was good old sourdough bread, too.

1966 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 3 Apr. (1970) 380 They had sour-dough biscuits too—although they had trouble making them rise in this high altitude.

1971 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 23 Apr. 4/7 In early America, a pot of sourdough starter was part of a bride's dowry.

1976 National Observer (U.S.) 26 June 8/3 San Francisco sourdough has a character all its own, because there are microscopic organisms in the air here that do funny things to the starter. Some say it's the same wild yeasts that work on the nearby vineyards.

1979 United States 1980–1 (Penguin Travel Guides) 370 Two-pound Porterhouses..served with sourdough bread and pinto beans.

2. North American. An experienced prospector in Alaska, the Yukon, or the Northwest territories. In allusion to the use of a piece of sourdough for raising the bread baked during the winter.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > temporary inhabitant > [noun] > winter inhabitant > in Alaska

sourdough1898

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > prospector > type of

garimpeiro1812

pocket hunter1872

pocket miner1872

brine-smeller1878

grub-staker1880

sourdough1898

1898 Klondike Nugget (Dawson, Yukon Territory) 20 July 1/4 The usual strong expletives had been used expressive of their meeting and Mr. Chee Chaco was not looking for information from his old friend Mr. Sour Dough.

1902 Daily Chron. 13 Nov. 5/6 He is what is called a ‘sour dough’ in the parlance of the Yukon, which means that he..has spent a winter in the frozen North.

1904 E. Robins Magn. North viii. 154 You don't get an old Sour-dough like Dillon to travel at forty degrees [below zero].

Derivatives

† sourdough v. Obsolete transitive (from sense 1) to leaven.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of bread > prepare bread [verb (transitive)] > add leaven or raise

sourdoughc1384

leavena1400

raisea1500

set1743

sponge1773

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Amos iv. 5 Sacrifie ȝe herying of sour dowid [L. de fermentato].

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Hosea vii. 4 The citee restide a litil in mengyng to gydre of soure dowe, til it were sourdowid all.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 466/2 Sowyr dowyn, or menge paste wythe sowyr dowe, fermento.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sourdough
释义	sourdoughn. Brit. /ˈsaʊədəʊ/, U.S. /ˈsaʊərˌdoʊ/ Forms: (see sour adj. and dough n.). Etymology: Corresponds in sense 1 to West Frisian sûrdaei, older Flemish suerdeech, -deegh (Dutch and Flemish zuurdeeg), Middle Low German sûrdêch, Middle High German sûrteich (German sauerteig), Middle Swedish surdegher (Swedish surdeg), Danish surdeig. 1. a. Leaven. Now dialect and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > leaven or yeast barmc1000 yeastc1000 sourdough1303 leaven1340 fermentc1420 God's good1469 quickening1573 rising1594 sizzing1594 leavening1626 kneading1638 emptying1650 yeast-cake1795 hametz1891 α. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 10099 Þe paste..ne ogh Be made of any maner of soure dogh. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxiii. 18 Thow shalt not offer vpon sour dowȝ the blood of thi sacrifice. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) xvii. lxviii Sowr dowe rereþ paste and brede þ^t is medled þerwiþ. 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 725 Hoc fermentum, surdowght. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 466/2 Sowre Dowe, fermentum. a1529 J. Skelton Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng in Certayne Bks. (?1545) 288 Som bryngeth her husbandes hood..; And some brought sowre dowe. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Exod. xiii. 7 Therfore shalt thou eate vnleuended bred seuen dayes, that there be no sowre dowe, ner sowred bred sene in all thy quarters. 1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale 78/2 Sour dough or doff, leaven. 1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. 132/1 Sour-dough, the more homely equivalent of leaven. β. c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 663 Hoc fermentum, surdagh.1483 Cath. Angl. 350/1 Sowre daghe, fermentum, zima.c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1901) I. Matt. xiii. 33 The kingdom of heuenis is like to sourdauche. b. figurative of qualities, etc. ΘΠ the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > sudden or complete change > [noun] > agent of sourdoughc1380 leavena1393 yeast1769 c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 2 Crist commandiþ to his disciplis..to vndirstonde & flee þe sowrdow of pharisees. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) ix. xxxi Ifedde not with olde souredowe of malice but with pure mete of swetenes. a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS xxiii. 404 Of þe olde wrecchednesse Holdyng doun sourdouh. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 300 Be made free from the olde sowre dowgh, that ys to say, from synne. c. North American. Fermenting dough, esp. that left over from a previous baking, used as leaven; bread made from this. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > dough for bread dougheOE rye dough1584 bread dough1698 sponge1748 turnpike1850 sourdough1868 1868 J. Anderson Sawney's Lett. Gie my respecks to your guid wife; If ever I get hame to Fife, I'll teach her hoo to mak loaf bread, Wi' sour dough. 1922 G. C. F. Pringle Tillicums of Trail 156 In every old prospector's cabin..you would see a bowl which contained sour dough from the previous making. This was used as yeast to be mixed in with the dough at the next baking. 1931 Sun (Baltimore) 5 Mar. 12/3 [Maryland] might be thought wanting in pride in the culinary art for which the State enjoyed well-earned fame when Indiana was eating sour dough and jerked meat. 1959 M. Shand Summit & Beyond xi. 197 There was good old sourdough bread, too. 1966 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 3 Apr. (1970) 380 They had sour-dough biscuits too—although they had trouble making them rise in this high altitude. 1971 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 23 Apr. 4/7 In early America, a pot of sourdough starter was part of a bride's dowry. 1976 National Observer (U.S.) 26 June 8/3 San Francisco sourdough has a character all its own, because there are microscopic organisms in the air here that do funny things to the starter. Some say it's the same wild yeasts that work on the nearby vineyards. 1979 United States 1980–1 (Penguin Travel Guides) 370 Two-pound Porterhouses..served with sourdough bread and pinto beans. 2. North American. An experienced prospector in Alaska, the Yukon, or the Northwest territories. In allusion to the use of a piece of sourdough for raising the bread baked during the winter. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > temporary inhabitant > [noun] > winter inhabitant > in Alaska sourdough1898 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > prospector > type of garimpeiro1812 pocket hunter1872 pocket miner1872 brine-smeller1878 grub-staker1880 sourdough1898 1898 Klondike Nugget (Dawson, Yukon Territory) 20 July 1/4 The usual strong expletives had been used expressive of their meeting and Mr. Chee Chaco was not looking for information from his old friend Mr. Sour Dough. 1902 Daily Chron. 13 Nov. 5/6 He is what is called a ‘sour dough’ in the parlance of the Yukon, which means that he..has spent a winter in the frozen North. 1904 E. Robins Magn. North viii. 154 You don't get an old Sour-dough like Dillon to travel at forty degrees [below zero]. Derivatives † sourdough v. Obsolete transitive (from sense 1) to leaven. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of bread > prepare bread [verb (transitive)] > add leaven or raise sourdoughc1384 leavena1400 raisea1500 set1743 sponge1773 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Amos iv. 5 Sacrifie ȝe herying of sour dowid [L. de fermentato]. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Hosea vii. 4 The citee restide a litil in mengyng to gydre of soure dowe, til it were sourdowid all. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 466/2 Sowyr dowyn, or menge paste wythe sowyr dowe, fermento. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1303
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