单词 | bloodless |
释义 | bloodlessadj. 1. a. Having or containing no blood; lacking in blood; (also) not marked or stained with blood.† bloodless and boneless: (of a person or object) lifeless (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > absence of life or consciousness > [adjective] lifelessOE unlivingOE bloodless and bonelessOE deadlya1225 dead1430 natureless1548 exanimate1552 inanimatea1555 unlively1563 spiritless1570 unquickened1610 unanimate1615 inanimal1623 inanimated1646 unvital1661 unanimated1697 unbreathing1709 unconscious1744 pulseless1820 azoic1854 not-living1869 abiotic1873 unvitalized1874 the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > [adjective] > not having bloodlessOE unbloody1615 sanguineless1675 exsanguinated1800 OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 56 Ða ðe synd gefegede of blode.., þa synd þreora cynna: hic et haec exsanguis et hoc exsangue blodleas. c1225 (?c1200) St. Margaret (Bodl.) (1934) 42 Þu witlese wiht wurchest, as þu art wurðe, blodles & banles, dumbe & deaue baðe. c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 113 He ȝelt þe wurðmunt to un-witlese þing..& hersumeð seheliche schaftes & blodles & banles, & leomen buten liue. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxvii. 101 Ane ald wyf bludelas but naturale hete jn hir, is calde and dry—nakit and trembland. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bloudles, or wythout bloude. 1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid iii. xiii. 256 These things..do befall wounds, exiccated by the Suns heat..insomuch that they are left bloudless. 1708 Coles's Eng. Dict. (new ed.) Exanguinous, bloodless. 1801 T. Campbell Hohenlinden 1 On Linden, when the sun was low, All bloodless lay the untrodden snow. 1841 Medico-chirurg. Trans. 24 41 The lungs, liver, kidney, and brain were in a healthy condition, but bloodless. The heart and larger vessels entirely empty. 1853 C. Brontë Villette I. viii. 139 When once a bloodless and rustless instrument was found, she was careful of the prize. 1899 Daily News 17 Apr. 4/3 The idea was that the soul was a little bloodless, fleshless thing. 1959 Daily Tel. 24 Apr. 13/3 This [heart-lung machine]..enables the operating surgeon to work on a heart which is bloodless, clear and stopped. 2006 M. Pollan Omnivore's Dilemma i. 16 The cows and pigs increasingly come subdivided into boneless and bloodless geometrical cuts. b. Of a person or a person's face, lips, etc.: drained of blood, typically in response to illness, shock, or fear; unhealthily pale; pallid, wan. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective] blatec1000 whiteOE greena1275 blakec1275 bleykea1300 wana1300 palec1330 bleach1340 pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374 colourlessc1380 deadlyc1385 deadc1386 bloodlessc1450 earthlyc1460 ruddylessc1460 wan visaged?a1513 wanny1555 as pale or white as a clout1557 bleak1566 mealy1566 pale-faced1570 ghastly1574 white-faced1577 bleakish1581 pallid1590 whiggish1590 tallow-faced1592 maid-pale1597 lily1600 whey-colour1602 lew1611 roseless1611 Hippocratical1615 cadaverousa1661 Hippocratic1681 smock-faced1684 white-looked1690 livid1728 as white (or pale) as a sheet1752 squalid1753 deathly1791 etiolated1791 light-skinned1802 suety1803 shilpit1813 blanched1828 tallowy1830 suet-faced1834 pasty1836 tallowish1838 whey-faced1847 pasty-faced1848 aghast1850 waxen1853 complexionless1863 light-skin1877 lily-cheeked1877 lardy1879 wan-faced1881 exsanguinous1889 wheatish1950 c1450 (?c1425) St. Elizabeth of Spalbeck in Anglia (1885) 8 113 Þan she is alle pale and bloodles. 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. T.i White, all white his bloodlesse face wil be. 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 162 A timely parted ghost, Of ashie semblance, pale and bloodlesse. 1609 J. Davies Holy Roode sig. E1 See how the sweat fals from his bloodlesse Browes. 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 87 The whole Body was bloudless, thin and emaciated. 1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xiii. 365 He stands..a bloodless Image of Despair. 1798 M. A. Hanway Ellinor IV. ix. 189 He saw her bloodless countenance drop meek and resigned on her folded arms. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre III. ii. 74 She is worn to nothing. How very thin, and how very bloodless! 1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 45 She knotted her hands behind her In a knot of bloodless gray. 1928 C. S. Whitehead & C. A. Hoff Ethical Sex Relations (new ed.) i. vii. 256 The lips are bloodless; the skin is often cold, clammy and almost colorless. 1948 R. Chandler Let. 27 Sept. (1987) 130 Long shapely almost bloodless fingers. 1989 R. Frame Penelope's Hat ii. iii. 36 His complexion was bloodless—as if he had received some unlooked for and particularly nasty shock to his system. c. Of an animal: characterized by the (supposed) absence of blood (as a category in a system of classification, esp. that of Aristotle). Cf. blooded adj. 4. Now historical. ΚΠ 1634 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World (new ed.) I. xi. xxxviii. 346 Those beasts which haue more than 4 feet, are bloudlesse.] 1651 A. Ross Arcana Microcosmi ii. v. 63 None [sc. no sensitive creature] can live without the Heart, or something answering to the Heart, as bloodlesse animals. 1683 S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Two Disc. Soul of Brutes i. iii. 13 After the bloodless Brutes, their second Class, and of a little higher degree, is that of the more cold bloody Creatures. 1694 R. Blome tr. A. Le Grand Entire Body Philos. vii. xxii. 261/1 Aristotle reckons up 4 kinds of Bloodless Animals: Such as are soft... Such as are cover'd with a hard Shell, and difficult to be broken... Such as are cover'd with a Shell that is brittle and easily broken... And, Lastly, Insects. 1806 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. VI. i. 4 The ancients..entertained an idea that Insects were destitute of blood; for which reason they called them animalia exsanguia or bloodless animals. 1875 Cincinnati Q. Jrnl. Sci. Jan. 79 He [sc. Aristotle] had divided the animal kingdom into the Enanima and Anima, or blooded and bloodless animals. But he failed to provide any well defined system of classification. 1909 H. S. Williams Every-day Sci. I. 187 The bloodless animals were also divided by Aristotle into five classes. 1987 D. M. Balme in A. Gotthelf & J. G. Lennox Philos. Issues in Aristotle's Biol. iv. x. 310 Animal is terrestrial or marine, and blooded or bloodless, and legged or legless. 2. a. Lacking in vitality, strength, or spirit; cowardly; feeble; anaemic. Cf. blood n. 4. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > cowardice or pusillanimity > [adjective] arghc885 heartlessOE bloodlessc1225 coward1297 faintc1300 nesha1382 comfortless1387 pusillanimousa1425 faint-heartedc1440 unheartyc1440 cowardous1480 hen-hearteda1529 cowardish1530 feigningc1540 white-livered1546 cowardly1551 faceless1567 pusillanime1570 liver-hearted1571 cowish1579 cowardise1582 coward-like1587 faint-heart1590 courageless1593 sheep-like1596 white-hearted1598 milky1602 milk-livered1608 undaring1611 lily-livereda1616 yarrow1616 flightful1626 chicken-hearted1629 poltroon1649 cow-hearted1660 whey-blooded1675 unbravea1681 nimble-heeled1719 dunghill1775 shrimp-hearted1796 chicken-livered1804 white-feathered1816 pluckless1821 chicken-spirited1822 milk-blooded1822 cowardy1836 yellow1856 yellow-livered1857 putty-hearted1872 uncourageous1878 chicken1883 piker1901 yellow-bellied1907 manso1932 scaredy-cat1933 chickenshit1940 cold-footed1944 the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [adjective] > lacking vigour, strength, or spirit bloodlessc1225 feeble1340 languoring?c1425 languid1646 chlorotic1764 exanimate1841 limp1853 anaemic1898 brain-dead1972 c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Royal) (1981) 600 An anlepi meiden..haueð swa bitauelet ow..þet al ȝe beoð blodles, bikimet of ow-seoluen. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. ii. 7 Thou bloudlesse remnant of that royall bloud. View more context for this quotation 1612 Mr. King tr. Benvenuto Passenger ii. ii. 529 Why then he is a bloudlesse Souldier. a1683 A. Sidney Disc. Govt. (1698) ii. §xii. 115 Tho the Empire was by this means grown weak and bloodless, yet it could not fall on a sudden. 1746 C. Macklin Henry VII ii. iii. 30 The Englishman, who signs to these, must sure Be bloodless.—And bloodless may each Briton be E're that Day come. 1818 Blackwood's Mag. Feb. 494/2 A ghost rising out of a cold clammy grave could not have been more woe-begone, spiritless, bloodless. 1892 E. Blum & S. B. Alexander Who Lies? i. 24 Compare our brawny, long-lived ancestors with..the weak, bloodless and scrofulous hordes of the masses [of today]. 1932 A. Nin Let. 3 Feb. in A. Nin & H. Miller Literate Passion (1989) 2 Dijon is not nearly as interesting. It is mesquin, meager, bloodless, small, petty. 1991 J. Wolf Daughter of Red Deer i. ii. 16 The men of this tribe must be bloodless weaklings. b. Of a thing: lifeless; boring; uninspiring. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > feeling of weariness or tedium > [adjective] > wearisome or tedious > of things heavy1601 bloodless?c1622 vapid1790 weighty1828 soggy1928 ?c1622 E. Bolton Hypercritica (1722) iii. ii. 219 It is otherwise an Affliction for those Minds..to turn over so many musty Rolls, so many dry, bloodless Chronicles, and so many dull, and heavy paced Histories. 1861 Museum Oct. 309 The student also will take up the peculiarities of μεν, and δε..with a truth, a precision, and a facility of which no dry, bloodless teaching by abstract rules can give the slightest conception. 1881 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 25 Dec. 8/3 Very tame and bloodless performances. 1928 Musical Times 69 893/1 The music produced is bloodless, dry, rationally constructed. 1977 Salt Lake Tribune 18 Jan. 15/4 Although couched in the careful, bloodless prose professionals use when they criticize colleagues, they [sc. the findings] were shocking. 1993 J. D. Klier in E. Mendelsohn Mod. Jews & their Musical Agenda 184 It might seem impossible to write a boring book about Soviet Jewry, but this one is strangely bloodless and dry. 2006 Sight & Sound Sept. 42/3 François Truffaut..excoriated the proficient, bloodless cinéma de papa in his youth only to become a paid-up member of it in middle age. c. Cold, unemotional; heartless, cruel. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [adjective] > cold-blooded cold-bloodeda1616 chill1751 cool-blooded1767 bloodless1794 cold1849 fish-blooded1898 1794 C. Smith Banished Man III. ix. 184 Not daring to trust himself to talk on business in which even his own callous bloodless heart tells him he is wrong, he refers me to a wretch, whose unprincipled villainy is notorious. 1838 C. S. M. Bury Murdered Queen! xii. 96 Poor Davies..was so wrought upon by wrongs originating in the bloodless scoundrel..that he became insane and died in a madhouse. 1878 University Mag. (Dublin) Aug. 153/1 The cold and bloodless cruelty of this is to me intolerable. 1901 Bookman Feb. 562/1 Between then and breakfast, no news of you..and I still alive! Oh, the endurance of the human heart! The bloodless inhumanity of our postal system! 1966 Jet 2 June 43 The aim was to present me as a..stupid, smug, uninvolved bloodless, cold-eyed housewife. 1991 D. Coupland Generation X i. vii. 38 Your father looks like he's had a heart attack or something. Aren't you being slightly, oh, I don't know..bloodless about the matter? 2009 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 7 Feb. (Books section) 22 The Ritchie who emerges from the early diaries is cool, clever, observant, but also bloodless, spoilt, cold hearted. 3. Not accompanied by or involving the spilling of blood; esp. free of killing, violence, or (in weakened sense) violent upheaval. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > gentleness or mildness > [adjective] > non-violent > not involving bloodshed unbloody1544 bloodless1587 incruent1624 unbloodied1644 incruental1674 incruentous1675 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 637/1 Notablie therefore speaketh Anglorum prælia of these bloudlesse and sweatlesse victories. 1604 S. Hieron Answer Popish Rime in Wks. (1620) I. 569 How can a masse a pardon bring, Sith 'tis a bloud-lesse offering? a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. v. 105 Silence like a Lucresse knife: With bloodlesse stroke my heart doth gore. View more context for this quotation 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Sacrifice Divines divide Sacrifices into Bloody, such as those of the Old Law; and Bloodless, such as those of the New Law. 1746 W. Dunkin tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles ii. ii. 141 Like Gladiators, who with bloodless Toils Prolong the Combat, and engage with Foils. 1776 Battle of Brooklyn ii. 26 Our preachers prevented this unhappy dispute, from coming to a bloodless issue. 1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) III. xiii. 119 A bloodless victory. 1903 Hansard's Parl. Deb. 4th Ser. 125 1347 This bill, by the passing of which..we are enacting a great and bloodless revolution. 2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 23 Nov. a10/3 Mikhail Saakashvili deposed President Eduard Shevardnadze of Georgia, another Soviet-era leader, in a bloodless coup. 4. Of surgical or medical treatment: designed to minimize the loss of blood or the need for blood transfusion. Also: non-invasive or minimally invasive. ΚΠ 1839 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 52 487 We should see our highest glory here as elsewhere in the bloodless surgery of the present day. 1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit xxxvii. 433 Tom's evil genius did not..mark him out as the prey of ring-droppers..duffers..or any of those bloodless sharpers. 1870 Lancet 9 July 71/2 This system of bloodless surgery by the alternate use of the knife and the potassa cum calce I have found of the greatest advantage for getting through the thickened and vascular structures over necrosed and carious bone. 1920 G. Martin Industr. & Manuf. Chem. 612 The contractile effect on the arteries is so great that it drives blood away from the injected tissues and thus allows ‘bloodless’ surgery, adrenaline being to-day the most valued styptic known. 1963 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 19 Sept. 597/2 High-energy protons and alpha particles have been used in various forms of so-called ‘bloodless’ surgery, or radiosurgery. 2009 Business Day (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 18 Nov. In addition to the arterial surgery..we have now developed a minimally invasive method of bloodless surgery for the elimination of the painful muscle trigger points common in migraine and tension headaches. Derivatives ˈbloodlessly adv. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > gentleness or mildness > [adverb] > in a non-violent manner > without bloodshed unbloodily1548 bloodlessly1808 the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adverb] > pallidly bloodlessly1863 1808 National Intelligencer & Washington Advertiser 14 Sept. The burning of furniture..was executed..with such attention that the public should not suffer and so bloodlessly, that it may be said that the Spanish nation alone is capable of such circumspection in a popular commotion. 1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) v. iii. 163 She..Shall..bloodlessly and basely yield Unto a bastard Attila. 1863 J. S. Le Fanu House by Churchyard (ed. 2) III. 174 Glaring bloodlessly at the justice. 1911 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 16 Mar. 398/1 In the gentlest possible manner, the opposite lobe is excised bloodlessly. 1965 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 59 199/1 French conquest in 1881 came almost bloodlessly. 1992 New Republic 13 July 37/2 Everything in the film is slick..but bloodlessly mechanical. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.OE |
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