slownessn.

Brit.

/ˈsləʊnəs/, U.S.

/ˈsloʊnəs/

Forms: see slow adj. and -ness suffix; also 1600s slanes (Scottish).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: slow adj., -ness suffix.

Etymology: < slow adj. + -ness suffix.

I. Senses relating to sluggishness or dullness.

†1. Sloth, indolence, sluggishness. Cf. slow adj. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [noun] > sluggishness or heaviness

slowness1357

sluggednessc1425

slugginessc1450

sluggishnessc1450

slowfulness1483

dullness1526

dumpishness1574

lumpishness1574

slow-coaching1837

logginess1924

J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) l. 524 The sext dedely syn is slauthe or slawnes [c1440 Thornton slawenes, ?a1450 Lamb. slownesse].

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 4237 Now shul we speke of sloghnes; Among þe toþer ful wyk hyt ys.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) iii. §5. 14 (MED) I ristid me first in synful lyfe and in slawnes.

c1600 A. Hume Christian Precepts in Poems (S.T.S.) 81 Thou knawes what hurt and grief thy slawnes and slouthfulnes hes wrought thee.

1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ I. (at cited word) He reflected upon him by reason of his slowness and sluggishness.

†2. With reference to a knife or edge: bluntness, dullness. Cf. slow adj. 7. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > bluntness > [noun]

dullnessc1440

slowness1440

bluntness1530

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 458 Slawnesse, or dulnesse of egge, ebetudo, obtusitas.

3. The quality of being slow in learning, thinking, or understanding; lack of mental acuity; dullness, dimness. Cf. slow adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [noun]

hardnessOE

stuntnessc1000

sotshipc1050

witlessnessa1100

sotheada1200

dullness1398

bluntness1483

slowness1495

grossnessa1530

stupidity?1541

assishness?1548

dastardness1552

lourderie1555

dastardliness1556

blockishness1561

doltishness1569

sottage1569

sheepishness1574

doltry1581

sottishness1589

doltage1593

dorbellism1593

grout-headry1600

opacity1611

duncery1615

dunstery1615

stupidness1619

hebetude1621

insulsity1623

unintelligence1634

obtuseness1648

jobbernowlism1652

dullery1653

non-intelligence1653

blockheadishness1656

crassness1664

blockheadedness1716

stolidness1727

blockheadism1753

numbskullity1779

nincompoophood1791

duncishness1805

numbskullism1806

foziness1821

noodledum1821

obtusity1823

soft-headedness1823

noodledom1827

duncehood1829

dunderheadedness1830

sumphishness1830

asininity1831

dunderheadism1836

stockishness1837

dullardness1840

fat-headedness1840

stupor1845

duncedom1847

misintelligence1848

nincompoopery1850

wooden-headedness1850

dumminess1852

jolterheadedness1852

ninnyship1852

donkeyism1855

dumbness1860

beef-wittedness1863

crassitude1865

donkeyhood1869

slow-wittedness1869

chuckle-headedness1880

leatherheadedness1880

pinheadedness1884

numbskulledness1885

donkeydom1889

thickheadedness1889

density1894

moronism1922

nitwittedness1931

nitwittery1931

noodleness1931

dopiness1942

squirrel-headedness1955

nincompoopism1957

dim-wittedness1960

clottishness1961

1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) v. x. sig. gvii/2 Yf þ^e forehede be tomoche, it tokenyth slownes [a1398 BL Add. a slogard] þ^t draweth to foly.

1534 W. Marshall tr. Erasmus Playne & Godly Expos. Commune Crede f. 111^v The mystery is religyously and deuoutly to be serched forthe, and the dulnesse or slownesse of our wytte is to be founde faughte with all, and not the scripture.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 10 The complaints I haue heard of you I do not all beleeue, 'tis my slownesse that I doe not.

1651 Rec. Communion §2 Their slownesse and slendernesse..was very great.

1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. Feb. 177/1 In expressing slowness of apprehension this actor surpassed all others.

1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 527 The acknowledged slowness of men in putting two and two together.

1992 Opera News Nov. 25/1 His huge size, slowness of mind and susceptibility to violence when drinking.

2016 P. Byrne Kick (2017) v. 28 It was difficult for Kick, who was forced to accept responsibility for her elder sister, to protect her from whispers about her slowness.

†4. colloquial. Dullness, tediousness; unfashionableness. Cf. slow adj. 8. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > feeling of weariness or tedium > [noun] > state or quality of being wearisome or tedious

irksomeness1533

wearisomeness1579

inanity1603

tediositya1625

drynessa1637

unliveliness1643

flatness1649

tedium1662

tiresomeness1668

aridity1692

languor1741

dullness1751

uninterestingness1794

ponderousness1801

yawniness1805

unimpressiveness1827

slowness1828

grey1830

fadeness1837

woodenness1854

tristeness1866

boresomeness1883

boringness1893

stodginess1899

monochrome1962

1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham III. ii. 32 Then their amusements—the heat—the dust—the sameness—the slowness of that odious park in the morning.

1887 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. VI. (at cited word) The slowness of an entertainment.

1917 Cheltenham Chron. 9 June 2/1 We who reside here are apt, it is true, to be a trifle censorious about the ‘slowness’ of the place.

II. Senses relating to slow speed or pace.

5. The quality of functioning at a slow speed or pace; the quality of taking a relatively long period of time to do something; delay in taking action.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [noun]

slacknessc1000

hoolinessa1340

latesomeness1357

slothc1380

lateshipc1390

slownessa1398

lateliness?c1400

sluggednessc1425

slugginessc1450

sluggishnessc1450

tardityc1450

lenta1500

ignavy1543

retardance1550

lingering1570

tardiness1608

lentitude1623

languidness1634

tediousness1691

lentora1763

slow-coaching1837

snailishness1905

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. xxiii. 213 Þe heuynes of voys folewiþ þe slownes þerof, and moche aier is slouliche imevid.

c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 119 (MED) Many þingis þe which shoulde be knowen be some tyme vnknowen, outhir be negligence to conne it, or be slownes in asking it, or be shame to serche for it.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. SSSi A pronite or redines to all vice, and a slownesse to all goodnesse.

1566 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 441 The greit delay and slawnes of justice within this realme.

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. ⁋14 Fearing no reproch for slownesse, nor coueting praise for expedition.

1692 R. Bentley Confut. Atheism from Origin of World: Pt. I 9 Christ would not heal their infirmities, because of the hardness and slowness of their Hearts, in that they believed him not.

1731 Swift's Corr. (1766) II. 149 The slowness of my answers does not come from the emptiness of my heart.

1879 S. C. Bartlett Egypt to Palestine xxvii. 541 Another lamented the slowness of the work.

1983 A. Walker In Search of our Mothers' Gardens 127 Their government's slowness while people are hungry, its unwillingness to believe that there are Americans starving.

2002 D. Goleman et al. Business: Ultimate Resource 1296/1 Failure or slowness to respond to a message, and lateness in arriving for a meeting.

2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 26 Aug. e4/5 Spyware..has been known to cause system slowness, crashing and other erratic behavior.

6. With reference to physical movement: the quality of moving at a slow speed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [noun] > specifically in motion

slownessa1398

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. ix. 1128 [Serpents] beþ dyuerse in swiftnesse and in slowȝnesse.

?c1450 (a1388) tr. Richard of Wallingford Exafrenon (Digby) in J. D. North Wks. Richard of Wallingford (1976) I. 211 (MED) The Sonne is not clepid stationarie..ne the Mone, for the swyftnes of hir movynge, or ellis fore slawnes aftir that she is in hir epicicle.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. v. 160 This Fooles speede Be crost with slownesse .

1653 W. Ramesey Astrologia Restaurata 56 All Planets give unto him their light..by reason of his slowness.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pulse A Slowness of the Influxes of the nervous Juice from the Brain into the Villi of the Heart.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. vi. 169 The extreme slowness of his pace made St. Aubert look again from the window to hasten him.

1886 W. J. Tucker Life E. Europe 164 This beats any funeral procession for slowness.

1920 B. Russell Pract. & Theory Bolshevism i. vii. 94 Journeys have vexations in addition to the slowness and overcrowding of the trains.

2009 R. Dasgupta Solo 76 He climbed with excruciating slowness.

7. The quality of causing or tending to cause slow movement or a decrease in speed; esp. (in sporting contexts, with reference to a track, court, or other surface) the quality of being likely to make the ball, puck, etc., travel slowly or to prevent competitors from travelling fast. Cf. slow adj. 20.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > ground > [noun] > condition for movement > slow

slowness1875

1875 Inter Ocean (Chicago) 25 Sept. 12/2 Seven seconds were allowed for the slowness of the track.

1899 Oakham School Mag. 29 The slowness of the ground quite precluded that possibility.

1933 Daily Mail (Hull) 14 Jan. 1/3 Larwood was bowling at headlong pace, and getting a fine nip off the pitch in spite of the slowness of the wicket.

1963 A. Joscelyn Sheriff of Red Wolf (1992) ii. 15 They journeyed through the gathering dusk, again running late because of the slowness of the roads.

1987 H. Brody Tennis Sci. for Tennis Players iv. 63 Many hard courts..must be resurfaced quite often if the slowness that they have when they are new is to be retained.

2001 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 13 Sept. A personal 5K record despite the inherent slowness of the course.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	slowness
释义	slownessn. Brit. /ˈsləʊnəs/, U.S. /ˈsloʊnəs/ Forms: see slow adj. and -ness suffix; also 1600s slanes (Scottish). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: slow adj., -ness suffix. Etymology: < slow adj. + -ness suffix. I. Senses relating to sluggishness or dullness. †1. Sloth, indolence, sluggishness. Cf. slow adj. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [noun] > sluggishness or heaviness slowness1357 sluggednessc1425 slugginessc1450 sluggishnessc1450 slowfulness1483 dullness1526 dumpishness1574 lumpishness1574 slow-coaching1837 logginess1924 J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) l. 524 The sext dedely syn is slauthe or slawnes [c1440 Thornton slawenes, ?a1450 Lamb. slownesse]. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 4237 Now shul we speke of sloghnes; Among þe toþer ful wyk hyt ys. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) iii. §5. 14 (MED) I ristid me first in synful lyfe and in slawnes. c1600 A. Hume Christian Precepts in Poems (S.T.S.) 81 Thou knawes what hurt and grief thy slawnes and slouthfulnes hes wrought thee. 1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ I. (at cited word) He reflected upon him by reason of his slowness and sluggishness. †2. With reference to a knife or edge: bluntness, dullness. Cf. slow adj. 7. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > bluntness > [noun] dullnessc1440 slowness1440 bluntness1530 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 458 Slawnesse, or dulnesse of egge, ebetudo, obtusitas. 3. The quality of being slow in learning, thinking, or understanding; lack of mental acuity; dullness, dimness. Cf. slow adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [noun] hardnessOE stuntnessc1000 sotshipc1050 witlessnessa1100 sotheada1200 dullness1398 bluntness1483 slowness1495 grossnessa1530 stupidity?1541 assishness?1548 dastardness1552 lourderie1555 dastardliness1556 blockishness1561 doltishness1569 sottage1569 sheepishness1574 doltry1581 sottishness1589 doltage1593 dorbellism1593 grout-headry1600 opacity1611 duncery1615 dunstery1615 stupidness1619 hebetude1621 insulsity1623 unintelligence1634 obtuseness1648 jobbernowlism1652 dullery1653 non-intelligence1653 blockheadishness1656 crassness1664 blockheadedness1716 stolidness1727 blockheadism1753 numbskullity1779 nincompoophood1791 duncishness1805 numbskullism1806 foziness1821 noodledum1821 obtusity1823 soft-headedness1823 noodledom1827 duncehood1829 dunderheadedness1830 sumphishness1830 asininity1831 dunderheadism1836 stockishness1837 dullardness1840 fat-headedness1840 stupor1845 duncedom1847 misintelligence1848 nincompoopery1850 wooden-headedness1850 dumminess1852 jolterheadedness1852 ninnyship1852 donkeyism1855 dumbness1860 beef-wittedness1863 crassitude1865 donkeyhood1869 slow-wittedness1869 chuckle-headedness1880 leatherheadedness1880 pinheadedness1884 numbskulledness1885 donkeydom1889 thickheadedness1889 density1894 moronism1922 nitwittedness1931 nitwittery1931 noodleness1931 dopiness1942 squirrel-headedness1955 nincompoopism1957 dim-wittedness1960 clottishness1961 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) v. x. sig. gvii/2 Yf þ^e forehede be tomoche, it tokenyth slownes [a1398 BL Add. a slogard] þ^t draweth to foly. 1534 W. Marshall tr. Erasmus Playne & Godly Expos. Commune Crede f. 111^v The mystery is religyously and deuoutly to be serched forthe, and the dulnesse or slownesse of our wytte is to be founde faughte with all, and not the scripture. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 10 The complaints I haue heard of you I do not all beleeue, 'tis my slownesse that I doe not. View more context for this quotation 1651 Rec. Communion §2 Their slownesse and slendernesse..was very great. 1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. Feb. 177/1 In expressing slowness of apprehension this actor surpassed all others. 1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 527 The acknowledged slowness of men in putting two and two together. 1992 Opera News Nov. 25/1 His huge size, slowness of mind and susceptibility to violence when drinking. 2016 P. Byrne Kick (2017) v. 28 It was difficult for Kick, who was forced to accept responsibility for her elder sister, to protect her from whispers about her slowness. †4. colloquial. Dullness, tediousness; unfashionableness. Cf. slow adj. 8. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > feeling of weariness or tedium > [noun] > state or quality of being wearisome or tedious irksomeness1533 wearisomeness1579 inanity1603 tediositya1625 drynessa1637 unliveliness1643 flatness1649 tedium1662 tiresomeness1668 aridity1692 languor1741 dullness1751 uninterestingness1794 ponderousness1801 yawniness1805 unimpressiveness1827 slowness1828 grey1830 fadeness1837 woodenness1854 tristeness1866 boresomeness1883 boringness1893 stodginess1899 monochrome1962 1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham III. ii. 32 Then their amusements—the heat—the dust—the sameness—the slowness of that odious park in the morning. 1887 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. VI. (at cited word) The slowness of an entertainment. 1917 Cheltenham Chron. 9 June 2/1 We who reside here are apt, it is true, to be a trifle censorious about the ‘slowness’ of the place. II. Senses relating to slow speed or pace. 5. The quality of functioning at a slow speed or pace; the quality of taking a relatively long period of time to do something; delay in taking action. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [noun] slacknessc1000 hoolinessa1340 latesomeness1357 slothc1380 lateshipc1390 slownessa1398 lateliness?c1400 sluggednessc1425 slugginessc1450 sluggishnessc1450 tardityc1450 lenta1500 ignavy1543 retardance1550 lingering1570 tardiness1608 lentitude1623 languidness1634 tediousness1691 lentora1763 slow-coaching1837 snailishness1905 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. xxiii. 213 Þe heuynes of voys folewiþ þe slownes þerof, and moche aier is slouliche imevid. c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 119 (MED) Many þingis þe which shoulde be knowen be some tyme vnknowen, outhir be negligence to conne it, or be slownes in asking it, or be shame to serche for it. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. SSSi A pronite or redines to all vice, and a slownesse to all goodnesse. 1566 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 441 The greit delay and slawnes of justice within this realme. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. ⁋14 Fearing no reproch for slownesse, nor coueting praise for expedition. 1692 R. Bentley Confut. Atheism from Origin of World: Pt. I 9 Christ would not heal their infirmities, because of the hardness and slowness of their Hearts, in that they believed him not. 1731 Swift's Corr. (1766) II. 149 The slowness of my answers does not come from the emptiness of my heart. 1879 S. C. Bartlett Egypt to Palestine xxvii. 541 Another lamented the slowness of the work. 1983 A. Walker In Search of our Mothers' Gardens 127 Their government's slowness while people are hungry, its unwillingness to believe that there are Americans starving. 2002 D. Goleman et al. Business: Ultimate Resource 1296/1 Failure or slowness to respond to a message, and lateness in arriving for a meeting. 2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 26 Aug. e4/5 Spyware..has been known to cause system slowness, crashing and other erratic behavior. 6. With reference to physical movement: the quality of moving at a slow speed. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [noun] > specifically in motion slownessa1398 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. ix. 1128 [Serpents] beþ dyuerse in swiftnesse and in slowȝnesse. ?c1450 (a1388) tr. Richard of Wallingford Exafrenon (Digby) in J. D. North Wks. Richard of Wallingford (1976) I. 211 (MED) The Sonne is not clepid stationarie..ne the Mone, for the swyftnes of hir movynge, or ellis fore slawnes aftir that she is in hir epicicle. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. v. 160 This Fooles speede Be crost with slownesse . View more context for this quotation 1653 W. Ramesey Astrologia Restaurata 56 All Planets give unto him their light..by reason of his slowness. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pulse A Slowness of the Influxes of the nervous Juice from the Brain into the Villi of the Heart. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. vi. 169 The extreme slowness of his pace made St. Aubert look again from the window to hasten him. 1886 W. J. Tucker Life E. Europe 164 This beats any funeral procession for slowness. 1920 B. Russell Pract. & Theory Bolshevism i. vii. 94 Journeys have vexations in addition to the slowness and overcrowding of the trains. 2009 R. Dasgupta Solo 76 He climbed with excruciating slowness. 7. The quality of causing or tending to cause slow movement or a decrease in speed; esp. (in sporting contexts, with reference to a track, court, or other surface) the quality of being likely to make the ball, puck, etc., travel slowly or to prevent competitors from travelling fast. Cf. slow adj. 20. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > ground > [noun] > condition for movement > slow slowness1875 1875 Inter Ocean (Chicago) 25 Sept. 12/2 Seven seconds were allowed for the slowness of the track. 1899 Oakham School Mag. 29 The slowness of the ground quite precluded that possibility. 1933 Daily Mail (Hull) 14 Jan. 1/3 Larwood was bowling at headlong pace, and getting a fine nip off the pitch in spite of the slowness of the wicket. 1963 A. Joscelyn Sheriff of Red Wolf (1992) ii. 15 They journeyed through the gathering dusk, again running late because of the slowness of the roads. 1987 H. Brody Tennis Sci. for Tennis Players iv. 63 Many hard courts..must be resurfaced quite often if the slowness that they have when they are new is to be retained. 2001 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 13 Sept. A personal 5K record despite the inherent slowness of the course. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1357
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