black housen.

Brit.

/ˈblak haʊs/, U.S.

/ˈblæk ˌhaʊs/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., house n.¹

Etymology: < black adj. + house n.¹With sense 1 compare Scottish Gaelic taigh dubh (1869 or earlier as tigh dubh ; < taigh , tigh house (see thack n.) + dubh black: see clabbydoo n.). Black houses are often said to have been originally so called by contrast with newer houses built with lime mortar, and also often whitewashed (compare quot. 1869 and also white house n. 3), but it is difficult to ascertain whether this is the origin of the phrase or a later interpretation. It is also unclear in which language the term first occurs, especially since there are limited records of Scottish Gaelic from that period. Compare the discussion in C. Mackie Devel. of Lewis House (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb., 2006), sect. 2.1.2.

1. Scottish (a) A turf house. (b) A traditional house built of unmortared stone with a filling of earth, found esp. in north-western Scotland and the Hebrides.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > house of specific material or construction

thatch-house1521

slate house1554

thack housec1600

frame house1627

log-house1662

straw1665

thatch1693

tin-house1798

fog house1799

leaf house1811

rock house1818

black house1819

blockhouse1821

white house1824

slab-and-bark house1826

brown house1845

brush house1854

soddy1877

hurdle-housea1879

bottle house1913

stucco1922

prefab1942

Portal house1944

Airey1945

yali1962

1773 Forfeited Estate Papers MSS (S.R.O.) in Sc. Nat. Dict. (1976) X. 364/2 Black hut.

1795 Statist. Acct. Scotl. XI. 135 Three small villages [in Argyll], of tolerable black farm-houses.]

1819 P. Degraves Let. (National Archives Scotl.: GD46/17/51) A plan I intended to have carried into effect if I had remained in the Highlands.., it was a substitute for a black house.

1820 R. Mudie Glenfergus II. xx. 266 They came in sight of ‘a black house’. It was indeed a black house, for externally, it exhibited nothing but turf.

1824 J. Macculloch Highlands & W. Isles I. 112 The genuine, pure black house is built entirely of turf; walls and roof: it is a ‘good black house’ when the roof is of thatch.

1869 Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. 1866–7 7 i. 154 In the northern islands it [sc. a house built with lime mortar] is still a White-house, and in the Western Highlands it is Tigh-gal, while the native structure is a Black-house or Tigh-dubh.

1911 W. C. Mackenzie in N. Munro Home Life of Highlanders 38 In some of the outlying districts..there are phases of life that have apparently remained unaltered since the Middle Ages. They are typified by the ‘black houses’, many of which are still to be found in the Long Island.

1931 W. C. Mackenzie Sc. Place-names viii ‘Black-houses’ of the Outer Hebrides, i.e. the houses built of turf [as contrasted with] the ‘white’ or stone houses, by which they are rapidly being replaced.

2009 D. W. Harding Iron Age Round-house ii. 51 Turf was certainly used in some black-houses in Atlantic Scotland, though more commonly as infilling of the wall.

†2. slang.

a. A prison. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun]

quarternOE

prisona1200

jailc1275

lodgec1290

galleya1300

chartrea1325

ward1338

keepingc1384

prison-house1419

lying-house1423

javel1483

tollbooth1488

kidcotec1515

clinkc1530

warding-place1571

the hangman's budget1589

Newgate1592

gehenna1594

Lob's pound1597

caperdewsie1599

footman's inn1604

cappadochio1607

pena1640

marshalsea1652

log-house1662

bastille1663

naskin1673

state prison1684

tronk1693

stone-doublet1694

iron or stone doublet1698

college1699

nask1699

quod1699

shop1699

black hole1707

start1735

coop1785

blockhouse1796

stone jug1796

calaboose1797

factory1806

bull-pen1809

steel1811

jigger1812

jug1815

kitty1825

rock pile1830

bughouse1842

zindan1844

model1845

black house1846

tench1850

mill1851

stir1851

hoppet1855

booby hatch1859

caboose1865

cooler1872

skookum house1873

chokey1874

gib1877

nick1882

choker1884

logs1888

booby house1894

big house1905

hoosegow1911

can1912

detention camp1916

pokey1919

slammer1952

joint1953

slam1960

1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 111/2 Black houses, prisons.

1848 Flash Dict. in Sinks of London laid Open 99/1 Black houses, prisons.

b. A place of business where working hours are long and wages low. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > types of workplace generally > [noun] > with long hours and low wages

sweating-place1850

strapping-shop1851

black house1861

1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. lxvii. 224/2 The black houses, or linendrapers at the west end of London, were principally supplied from the east end.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	black house
释义	black housen. Brit. /ˈblak haʊs/, U.S. /ˈblæk ˌhaʊs/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., house n.¹ Etymology: < black adj. + house n.¹With sense 1 compare Scottish Gaelic taigh dubh (1869 or earlier as tigh dubh ; < taigh , tigh house (see thack n.) + dubh black: see clabbydoo n.). Black houses are often said to have been originally so called by contrast with newer houses built with lime mortar, and also often whitewashed (compare quot. 1869 and also white house n. 3), but it is difficult to ascertain whether this is the origin of the phrase or a later interpretation. It is also unclear in which language the term first occurs, especially since there are limited records of Scottish Gaelic from that period. Compare the discussion in C. Mackie Devel. of Lewis House (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb., 2006), sect. 2.1.2. 1. Scottish (a) A turf house. (b) A traditional house built of unmortared stone with a filling of earth, found esp. in north-western Scotland and the Hebrides. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > house of specific material or construction thatch-house1521 slate house1554 thack housec1600 frame house1627 log-house1662 straw1665 thatch1693 tin-house1798 fog house1799 leaf house1811 rock house1818 black house1819 blockhouse1821 white house1824 slab-and-bark house1826 brown house1845 brush house1854 soddy1877 hurdle-housea1879 bottle house1913 stucco1922 prefab1942 Portal house1944 Airey1945 yali1962 1773 Forfeited Estate Papers MSS (S.R.O.) in Sc. Nat. Dict. (1976) X. 364/2 Black hut. 1795 Statist. Acct. Scotl. XI. 135 Three small villages [in Argyll], of tolerable black farm-houses.] 1819 P. Degraves Let. (National Archives Scotl.: GD46/17/51) A plan I intended to have carried into effect if I had remained in the Highlands.., it was a substitute for a black house. 1820 R. Mudie Glenfergus II. xx. 266 They came in sight of ‘a black house’. It was indeed a black house, for externally, it exhibited nothing but turf. 1824 J. Macculloch Highlands & W. Isles I. 112 The genuine, pure black house is built entirely of turf; walls and roof: it is a ‘good black house’ when the roof is of thatch. 1869 Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. 1866–7 7 i. 154 In the northern islands it [sc. a house built with lime mortar] is still a White-house, and in the Western Highlands it is Tigh-gal, while the native structure is a Black-house or Tigh-dubh. 1911 W. C. Mackenzie in N. Munro Home Life of Highlanders 38 In some of the outlying districts..there are phases of life that have apparently remained unaltered since the Middle Ages. They are typified by the ‘black houses’, many of which are still to be found in the Long Island. 1931 W. C. Mackenzie Sc. Place-names viii ‘Black-houses’ of the Outer Hebrides, i.e. the houses built of turf [as contrasted with] the ‘white’ or stone houses, by which they are rapidly being replaced. 2009 D. W. Harding Iron Age Round-house ii. 51 Turf was certainly used in some black-houses in Atlantic Scotland, though more commonly as infilling of the wall. †2. slang. a. A prison. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] quarternOE prisona1200 jailc1275 lodgec1290 galleya1300 chartrea1325 ward1338 keepingc1384 prison-house1419 lying-house1423 javel1483 tollbooth1488 kidcotec1515 clinkc1530 warding-place1571 the hangman's budget1589 Newgate1592 gehenna1594 Lob's pound1597 caperdewsie1599 footman's inn1604 cappadochio1607 pena1640 marshalsea1652 log-house1662 bastille1663 naskin1673 state prison1684 tronk1693 stone-doublet1694 iron or stone doublet1698 college1699 nask1699 quod1699 shop1699 black hole1707 start1735 coop1785 blockhouse1796 stone jug1796 calaboose1797 factory1806 bull-pen1809 steel1811 jigger1812 jug1815 kitty1825 rock pile1830 bughouse1842 zindan1844 model1845 black house1846 tench1850 mill1851 stir1851 hoppet1855 booby hatch1859 caboose1865 cooler1872 skookum house1873 chokey1874 gib1877 nick1882 choker1884 logs1888 booby house1894 big house1905 hoosegow1911 can1912 detention camp1916 pokey1919 slammer1952 joint1953 slam1960 1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 111/2 Black houses, prisons. 1848 Flash Dict. in Sinks of London laid Open 99/1 Black houses, prisons. b. A place of business where working hours are long and wages low. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > types of workplace generally > [noun] > with long hours and low wages sweating-place1850 strapping-shop1851 black house1861 1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. lxvii. 224/2 The black houses, or linendrapers at the west end of London, were principally supplied from the east end. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1819
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