black boxn.

Brit.

/ˌblak ˈbɒks/, U.S.

/ˌblæk ˈbɑks/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., box n.²

Etymology: < black adj. + box n.² In senses 2 and 3 probably so called with allusion to the secrecy or mystery of the contents of the device.

1. R.A.F. slang. A navigational instrument in an aircraft. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > controls and instruments > [noun] > navigational instrument

navigation instrument1897

pipsqueak1943

black box1945

navaid1956

1945 E. Partridge Dict. R.A.F. Slang 16 Black box or gen box, instrument that enables bomb-aimer to see through clouds or in the dark.

1947 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 51 432/1 These British night fighters were crammed with ‘black boxes’ all of which had to be operated by the pilot or his navigator.

2. A device which performs intricate functions but whose internal mechanism may not readily be inspected or understood; (hence) any component of a system specified only in terms of the relationship between inputs and outputs. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > types of machine generally > [noun] > automatic

automatic1870

black box1949

auto1961

1932 Astronautics May 4/2 For the sending of control messages, there is located on the destroyer a little black box.]

1949 Bell Syst. Techn. Jrnl. 28 367 In principle, one needs no knowledge of the physics of the transistor in order to treat it circuitwise; any ‘black box’ with the same electrical behavior at its terminals would act in the same way.

1959 S. Beer Cybernetics & Managem. vi. 49 A black Box is homomorphic with a cybernetic system, because the latter has undergone a many-one simplifying transformation (which makes it tractable) without losing its key characteristic (of indefinability).

1962 Daily Tel. 14 Nov. 1/3 Russia advocated the use of unmanned seismic detection stations, known as ‘black boxes’ to Western scientists, as a means of avoiding inspection.

1977 Sci. Amer. Sept. 70/3 This property can be understood by considering both passive and active circuit elements as ‘black boxes’ whose internal workings are immaterial and whose behavior can be examined only at their input and output terminals.

1985 P. W. On & C. H. Persell in P. W. Cookson & C. H. Persell Preparing for Power i. 18 What all too often is missing from the study of schooling is what happens in the ‘black box’ of the school itself.

2003 I. Banks Raw Spirit (2004) viii. 161 Modern cars..tend to work perfectly or not at all, and you′ll only be able to fix one if you happen to have..a sealed unit to replace whatever black-box gizmo has just gone belly up.

3. A flight recorder which may be removed from an aircraft as a discrete unit, esp. in the event of a crash.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > controls and instruments > [noun] > flight recorder

flight recorder1948

black box1964

1964 Daily Tel. 3 July 25/5 The flight recorder is an indestructible ‘black box’ which automatically records the key functions in the aircraft... The ‘black box’ can..tell what went wrong in a crash.

1989 A. Dillard Writing Life vii. 100 If a commercial plane's black box, such as the FAA painstakingly recovers from crash site, could store videotapes..some..would look like this.

2006 Observer 10 Sept. (Escape section) 3/4 After an airline crash the first thing accident investigators look for is the black box.

4. Originally U.S. A type of advisory notice printed (usually within a heavy black border) on the packaging of or insert accompanying certain prescription drugs, warning of potentially dangerous or fatal side effects. Chiefly attributive, esp. in black box warning.A black box warning is the strongest advisory issued by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on medications.A similar type of warning is issued by the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA).

ΚΠ

1968 Amarillo (Texas) Globe-Times 29 Feb. 2/5 He said that the ‘black box warning’ now affixed to the drug's explanatory literature on advertising ‘is probably the strongest one that exists, yet it doesn't seem to work.’

1979 H. Simons & J. A. Califano Media & Business 43 The FDA would come back and say, okay, put a black box in your package insert, and that would change the marketing within a month.

1998 S. Fried Bitter Pills iii. xx. 344 The FDA agreed to approve it as a nonsedating antihistamine without a black box.

2008 Weekend Austral. (Travel ed.) (Nexis) 23 Feb. (Review section) 26 The TGA itself..announced it was imposing a ‘black box’ warning on the drug.

2009 R. Mayes et al. Medicating Children vi. 158 In the end, the FDA decided not to issue a black box label because the number of adverse cases was small.

5. Theatre. A type of simple performance space, usually in the form of a rectangular room with plain black walls, an unraked floor which also serves as a stage, and flexible seating arrangements, often used for minimalist or experimental productions. Frequently attributive, esp. in black box theatre.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > [noun] > other types of theatre

little theatre1569

private house1604

private playhouse1609

amphitheatre1611

private theatre1633

droll-house1705

summer theatre1761

show shop1772

national theatre1816

minor1821

legitimate1826

patent house1827

patent theatre1836

showboat1839

music theatre1849

penny-gaff1856

saloon theatre1864

leg shop1871

people's theatre1873

nickelodeon1888

repertory theatre1891

studio theatre1891

legit1897

blood-tub1906

rep1906

small-timer1910

grind house1923

theatrette1927

indie1928

vaude1933

straw hat1935

theatre-in-the-round1948

straw-hatter1949

bughouse1952

theatre-restaurant1958

dinner theatre1959

theatre club1961

black box1971

pub theatre1971

performance space1972

1971 Theatre Design & Technol. May 23/3 Black box variable theatre... Seats up to 250.

1974 N.Y. Times 8 Apr. 69/8 The new building..will also have a ‘black box’ theater.

1984 New Yorker 27 Aug. 62/2 One of the four theatres is a ‘black box’ that allows for varied seating plans.

1993 E. Donkin & S. Clement Upstaging Big Daddy (2002) iii. 227 The show was staged in a black box.

2000 Times 5 Sept. ii. 4/2 We could gut the Apollo and build an experimental black-box auditorium.

2009 Leader-Post (Regina, Sask.) (Nexis) 30 Oct. b3 They get to act as though they're doing black-box theatre, so they have to have the imagination and the confidence to create a character without any physical trappings.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	black box
释义	black boxn. Brit. /ˌblak ˈbɒks/, U.S. /ˌblæk ˈbɑks/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., box n.² Etymology: < black adj. + box n.² In senses 2 and 3 probably so called with allusion to the secrecy or mystery of the contents of the device. 1. R.A.F. slang. A navigational instrument in an aircraft. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > controls and instruments > [noun] > navigational instrument navigation instrument1897 pipsqueak1943 black box1945 navaid1956 1945 E. Partridge Dict. R.A.F. Slang 16 Black box or gen box, instrument that enables bomb-aimer to see through clouds or in the dark. 1947 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 51 432/1 These British night fighters were crammed with ‘black boxes’ all of which had to be operated by the pilot or his navigator. 2. A device which performs intricate functions but whose internal mechanism may not readily be inspected or understood; (hence) any component of a system specified only in terms of the relationship between inputs and outputs. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > types of machine generally > [noun] > automatic automatic1870 black box1949 auto1961 1932 Astronautics May 4/2 For the sending of control messages, there is located on the destroyer a little black box.] 1949 Bell Syst. Techn. Jrnl. 28 367 In principle, one needs no knowledge of the physics of the transistor in order to treat it circuitwise; any ‘black box’ with the same electrical behavior at its terminals would act in the same way. 1959 S. Beer Cybernetics & Managem. vi. 49 A black Box is homomorphic with a cybernetic system, because the latter has undergone a many-one simplifying transformation (which makes it tractable) without losing its key characteristic (of indefinability). 1962 Daily Tel. 14 Nov. 1/3 Russia advocated the use of unmanned seismic detection stations, known as ‘black boxes’ to Western scientists, as a means of avoiding inspection. 1977 Sci. Amer. Sept. 70/3 This property can be understood by considering both passive and active circuit elements as ‘black boxes’ whose internal workings are immaterial and whose behavior can be examined only at their input and output terminals. 1985 P. W. On & C. H. Persell in P. W. Cookson & C. H. Persell Preparing for Power i. 18 What all too often is missing from the study of schooling is what happens in the ‘black box’ of the school itself. 2003 I. Banks Raw Spirit (2004) viii. 161 Modern cars..tend to work perfectly or not at all, and you′ll only be able to fix one if you happen to have..a sealed unit to replace whatever black-box gizmo has just gone belly up. 3. A flight recorder which may be removed from an aircraft as a discrete unit, esp. in the event of a crash. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > controls and instruments > [noun] > flight recorder flight recorder1948 black box1964 1964 Daily Tel. 3 July 25/5 The flight recorder is an indestructible ‘black box’ which automatically records the key functions in the aircraft... The ‘black box’ can..tell what went wrong in a crash. 1989 A. Dillard Writing Life vii. 100 If a commercial plane's black box, such as the FAA painstakingly recovers from crash site, could store videotapes..some..would look like this. 2006 Observer 10 Sept. (Escape section) 3/4 After an airline crash the first thing accident investigators look for is the black box. 4. Originally U.S. A type of advisory notice printed (usually within a heavy black border) on the packaging of or insert accompanying certain prescription drugs, warning of potentially dangerous or fatal side effects. Chiefly attributive, esp. in black box warning.A black box warning is the strongest advisory issued by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on medications.A similar type of warning is issued by the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). ΚΠ 1968 Amarillo (Texas) Globe-Times 29 Feb. 2/5 He said that the ‘black box warning’ now affixed to the drug's explanatory literature on advertising ‘is probably the strongest one that exists, yet it doesn't seem to work.’ 1979 H. Simons & J. A. Califano Media & Business 43 The FDA would come back and say, okay, put a black box in your package insert, and that would change the marketing within a month. 1998 S. Fried Bitter Pills iii. xx. 344 The FDA agreed to approve it as a nonsedating antihistamine without a black box. 2008 Weekend Austral. (Travel ed.) (Nexis) 23 Feb. (Review section) 26 The TGA itself..announced it was imposing a ‘black box’ warning on the drug. 2009 R. Mayes et al. Medicating Children vi. 158 In the end, the FDA decided not to issue a black box label because the number of adverse cases was small. 5. Theatre. A type of simple performance space, usually in the form of a rectangular room with plain black walls, an unraked floor which also serves as a stage, and flexible seating arrangements, often used for minimalist or experimental productions. Frequently attributive, esp. in black box theatre. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > [noun] > other types of theatre little theatre1569 private house1604 private playhouse1609 amphitheatre1611 private theatre1633 droll-house1705 summer theatre1761 show shop1772 national theatre1816 minor1821 legitimate1826 patent house1827 patent theatre1836 showboat1839 music theatre1849 penny-gaff1856 saloon theatre1864 leg shop1871 people's theatre1873 nickelodeon1888 repertory theatre1891 studio theatre1891 legit1897 blood-tub1906 rep1906 small-timer1910 grind house1923 theatrette1927 indie1928 vaude1933 straw hat1935 theatre-in-the-round1948 straw-hatter1949 bughouse1952 theatre-restaurant1958 dinner theatre1959 theatre club1961 black box1971 pub theatre1971 performance space1972 1971 Theatre Design & Technol. May 23/3 Black box variable theatre... Seats up to 250. 1974 N.Y. Times 8 Apr. 69/8 The new building..will also have a ‘black box’ theater. 1984 New Yorker 27 Aug. 62/2 One of the four theatres is a ‘black box’ that allows for varied seating plans. 1993 E. Donkin & S. Clement Upstaging Big Daddy (2002) iii. 227 The show was staged in a black box. 2000 Times 5 Sept. ii. 4/2 We could gut the Apollo and build an experimental black-box auditorium. 2009 Leader-Post (Regina, Sask.) (Nexis) 30 Oct. b3 They get to act as though they're doing black-box theatre, so they have to have the imagination and the confidence to create a character without any physical trappings. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1945
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