shiven.¹

/ʃʌɪv/

Forms: Middle English schive, Middle English–1500s shyve, Middle English schyfe, schyve, Middle English– shive.

Etymology: Middle English schīve (? representing Old English *scífe weak feminine) = Old Frisian skîve (only in knê-skîve kneecap), Old Saxon scîva (glossing sphera ), Middle Low German, Middle Dutch schîve (modern Dutch schijf ) feminine, Old High German scîba (Middle High German schîbe , modern German scheibe ); also (probably from Low German) Swedish skifva , Danish skive , Icelandic skífa . The senses in modern continental Germanic are quoit, disc, kneecap, pulley, window-pane, slice of bread, etc. Compare the strong verb Middle High German schîben (early modern German scheiben ) to roll, to spin on an axis; but this is probably < the noun. The weak grade *skiƀ- of the root is represented by sheave n.¹Affinities outside Germanic are uncertain. The Greek σκοῖπος (Hesych.) is often cited as cognate, but the alleged sense ‘potter's wheel’ is a mistake; the gloss appears to mean ‘the projecting part of the beams supporting roof-tiles’.

Chiefly dialect.

1. A slice (of bread; rarely of other edible).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > piece of bread > [noun] > slice of bread

shivea1250

shiverc1386

sheavec1480

round1769

piece1787

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 154 Ȝif ho mai sparien ani poure schiue [?c1225 Cleo. schraden] sende ham dearneliche ut of hire wanes.

c1330 Spec. Gy de Warewyke 970 Bring me wid þe a shiue bred!

c1440 Alphabet of Tales 525 Þe preste bad hym cut shyvis of bread and fyll a kyste þerwith and lokk it.

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 23 The rootes [of Iris]..are cut in litle shiues or cakes.

1581 J. Derricke Image Irelande ii. sig. Fij And with the same [stabbers] thei slashe me out, good God what preatie shiues. Not shiues of bread I meane..But gobbes of fleshe.

1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins Iests to make you Merie 12 Michaelmas tearme you know is like a great houshold loafe, you may cut out a good many shiues, and yet feede vpon it well too.

1703 Thoresby in J. Ray et al. Philos. Lett. (1718) 336 A Shive of Bread, cut off the Loaf.

1825 Blackwood's Mag. 18 155 A mere wafer of fatless ham, between the finest shives of bread.

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 227/1 Thick ‘shives’ of bread.

†2. The kneecap, patella. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of leg > [noun] > knee-cap

eye of the kneea1400

rotulaa1400

knee-pan14..

whirling-bone14..

knee-bonec1410

pan?a1425

rotule?a1425

rowel?a1425

whirl-bone1530

patel1552

shive1598

kneeshive1599

lid of the knee1632

patella1634

cap1767

kneecap1869

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 12/3 The shive of the knee, Lat. Patella.

†3. A pane of glass. [? After Low German schîve.] Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [noun] > glass > pane

glass1439

quarrel1458

pane1466

shive1527

quarry1537

square1688

lozena1722

yolk1802

magic pane1904

1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Bj The great rounde shyves of Venys glas.

4. A thin flat cork for stopping a wide-mouthed bottle; also a thin bung for a cask.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > closure for a vessel, tube, etc. > cork > types of

velvet1814

shive1869

1869 W. Molyneux Burton-on-Trent 247 [The cask] is then closed with a wooden ‘shieve’ or bung.

1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 275/2 Ales intended to be stored some months should have a porous vent peg placed in the shive.

attributive.1901 Daily Chron. 3 Dec. 10/6 (advt.) Shive Turner wanted by a leading London brewery.

†5. A piece (of wood) split off, a billet. [? Confused with shide n. or shiver n.¹] Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > splinter or chip

astela1330

spelkc1440

spile1513

spane1602

shive1661

flakec1720

splice1875

1661 R. Boyle Sceptical Chymist vi. 401 The shavings..differing from those shives or thin and flexible pieces of wood that are obtain'd by Borers.

1786 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey xiv. 518 Then lifting a huge shive [Gk. σχίζῃ δρυός] that lay beside The fire, he smote the boar, and dead he fell.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

shiven.²

(see below)

Forms: Also 1800s shiv. See also sheave n.²

Etymology: = West Flemish schif (for other cognates see sheave n.²), < Germanic root *skῑf- to split, whence shiver n.¹

1. With pronunciation

/ʃɪv/. A particle of husk; a splinter; a piece of thread or fluff on the surface of cloth, etc.; plural the refuse of hemp or flax. Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > treated or processed textiles > [noun] > flax, hemp, or jute > refuse or woody part

shive1483

shale1577

shood1601

sheave1797

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > seed-vessel or pericarp > [noun] > pod, husk, or siliqua > particle of

shive1483

1483 Cath. Angl. 337/2 Schyfes (A. schyffes) of lyne, stupa, napta.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xix. i. 4 What shall bee done with all the hard refuse [of the Flax], the long buns of the stalkes, the short shuds or shives.

1672 tr. J. A. Comenius Orbis Sensualium Pictus (new ed.) lix. 121 Where the Shives [L. cortices] fall down, then they are heckled with an Iron Heckle.

1723 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth (ed. 3) 81 The Shiv's or Chaff of the Juli of Trees and Shrubs.

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 153 Shivs, husks of grain and such like particles.

2. With pronunciation

/ʃaɪv/. Paper-making. A dark particle in finished paper resulting from incomplete digestion of impurities in the raw material; such particles collectively. Cf. sheave n.² 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > [noun] > blemishes or impurities

sheave1880

shiner1922

shive1922

1922 Manuf. Pulp & Paper III. viii. 1 The difference between shives and slivers should be clearly understood.

1937 E. J. Labarre Dict. Paper 207/2 Sheave, also spelt shive..are dark specks in the finished paper, due to impurities in raw materials, rags and esparto grass, [etc.].., hence ‘shivery’ or ‘shivey’ paper.

1952 F. H. Norris Paper & Paper Making xx. 291 Shives are usually light in colour..and..shaped like a minute splinter.

1968 R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking (ed. 2) ii. 79 Shive, knots..and similar impurities, cause breaks in the web.

Compounds

shivelight n. a sliver of light.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1888 G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 105 Shivelights and shadowtackle in long lashes lace, lance, and pair.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† shivev.¹

Etymology: < shive n.¹ Compare Old Norse skífa.

Obsolete.

transitive. To cut (bread) into slices.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > slice

leach?a1400

border1508

shive1570

whang1764

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Miv ^v/2 To Shiue, dissecare.

1629 J. Gaule Distractions 343 He shiues out his Bread by weight or measure.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

† shivev.²

Etymology: < shive n.²

Obsolete. rare. Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

transitive. To ‘break’ (hemp, flax).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > treat or process flax, hemp, or jute [verb (transitive)] > beat

swinglec1325

braya1398

riba1398

shive1483

bunch1601

tewtaw1601

rough-dress1622

towtaw1652

scutch1733

1483 Cath. Angl. 337/2 To schyfe, extupare.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

n.¹a1250

n.²1483

v.¹1570

v.²1483

单词	shive
释义	shiven.¹ /ʃʌɪv/ Forms: Middle English schive, Middle English–1500s shyve, Middle English schyfe, schyve, Middle English– shive. Etymology: Middle English schīve (? representing Old English scífe weak feminine) = Old Frisian skîve* (only in knê-skîve kneecap), Old Saxon scîva (glossing sphera ), Middle Low German, Middle Dutch schîve (modern Dutch schijf ) feminine, Old High German scîba (Middle High German schîbe , modern German scheibe ); also (probably from Low German) Swedish skifva , Danish skive , Icelandic skífa . The senses in modern continental Germanic are quoit, disc, kneecap, pulley, window-pane, slice of bread, etc. Compare the strong verb Middle High German schîben (early modern German scheiben ) to roll, to spin on an axis; but this is probably < the noun. The weak grade skiƀ- of the root is represented by sheave n.¹Affinities outside Germanic are uncertain. The Greek σκοῖπος* (Hesych.) is often cited as cognate, but the alleged sense ‘potter's wheel’ is a mistake; the gloss appears to mean ‘the projecting part of the beams supporting roof-tiles’. Chiefly dialect. 1. A slice (of bread; rarely of other edible). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > piece of bread > [noun] > slice of bread shivea1250 shiverc1386 sheavec1480 round1769 piece1787 a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 154 Ȝif ho mai sparien ani poure schiue [?c1225 Cleo. schraden] sende ham dearneliche ut of hire wanes. c1330 Spec. Gy de Warewyke 970 Bring me wid þe a shiue bred! c1440 Alphabet of Tales 525 Þe preste bad hym cut shyvis of bread and fyll a kyste þerwith and lokk it. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 23 The rootes [of Iris]..are cut in litle shiues or cakes. 1581 J. Derricke Image Irelande ii. sig. Fij And with the same [stabbers] thei slashe me out, good God what preatie shiues. Not shiues of bread I meane..But gobbes of fleshe. 1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins Iests to make you Merie 12 Michaelmas tearme you know is like a great houshold loafe, you may cut out a good many shiues, and yet feede vpon it well too. 1703 Thoresby in J. Ray et al. Philos. Lett. (1718) 336 A Shive of Bread, cut off the Loaf. 1825 Blackwood's Mag. 18 155 A mere wafer of fatless ham, between the finest shives of bread. 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 227/1 Thick ‘shives’ of bread. †2. The kneecap, patella. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of leg > [noun] > knee-cap eye of the kneea1400 rotulaa1400 knee-pan14.. whirling-bone14.. knee-bonec1410 pan?a1425 rotule?a1425 rowel?a1425 whirl-bone1530 patel1552 shive1598 kneeshive1599 lid of the knee1632 patella1634 cap1767 kneecap1869 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 12/3 The shive of the knee, Lat. Patella. †3. A pane of glass. [? After Low German schîve.] Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [noun] > glass > pane glass1439 quarrel1458 pane1466 shive1527 quarry1537 square1688 lozena1722 yolk1802 magic pane1904 1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Bj The great rounde shyves of Venys glas. 4. A thin flat cork for stopping a wide-mouthed bottle; also a thin bung for a cask. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > closure for a vessel, tube, etc. > cork > types of velvet1814 shive1869 1869 W. Molyneux Burton-on-Trent 247 [The cask] is then closed with a wooden ‘shieve’ or bung. 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 275/2 Ales intended to be stored some months should have a porous vent peg placed in the shive. attributive.1901 Daily Chron. 3 Dec. 10/6 (advt.) Shive Turner wanted by a leading London brewery. †5. A piece (of wood) split off, a billet. [? Confused with shide n. or shiver n.¹] Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > splinter or chip astela1330 spelkc1440 spile1513 spane1602 shive1661 flakec1720 splice1875 1661 R. Boyle Sceptical Chymist vi. 401 The shavings..differing from those shives or thin and flexible pieces of wood that are obtain'd by Borers. 1786 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey xiv. 518 Then lifting a huge shive [Gk. σχίζῃ δρυός] that lay beside The fire, he smote the boar, and dead he fell. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2021). shiven.² (see below) Forms: Also 1800s shiv. See also sheave n.² Etymology: = West Flemish schif (for other cognates see sheave n.²), < Germanic root skῑf- to split, whence shiver n.¹ 1. With pronunciation /ʃɪv/. A particle of husk; a splinter; a piece of thread or fluff on the surface of cloth, etc.; plural* the refuse of hemp or flax. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > treated or processed textiles > [noun] > flax, hemp, or jute > refuse or woody part shive1483 shale1577 shood1601 sheave1797 the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > seed-vessel or pericarp > [noun] > pod, husk, or siliqua > particle of shive1483 1483 Cath. Angl. 337/2 Schyfes (A. schyffes) of lyne, stupa, napta. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xix. i. 4 What shall bee done with all the hard refuse [of the Flax], the long buns of the stalkes, the short shuds or shives. 1672 tr. J. A. Comenius Orbis Sensualium Pictus (new ed.) lix. 121 Where the Shives [L. cortices] fall down, then they are heckled with an Iron Heckle. 1723 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth (ed. 3) 81 The Shiv's or Chaff of the Juli of Trees and Shrubs. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 153 Shivs, husks of grain and such like particles. 2. With pronunciation /ʃaɪv/. Paper-making. A dark particle in finished paper resulting from incomplete digestion of impurities in the raw material; such particles collectively. Cf. sheave n.² 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > [noun] > blemishes or impurities sheave1880 shiner1922 shive1922 1922 Manuf. Pulp & Paper III. viii. 1 The difference between shives and slivers should be clearly understood. 1937 E. J. Labarre Dict. Paper 207/2 Sheave, also spelt shive..are dark specks in the finished paper, due to impurities in raw materials, rags and esparto grass, [etc.].., hence ‘shivery’ or ‘shivey’ paper. 1952 F. H. Norris Paper & Paper Making xx. 291 Shives are usually light in colour..and..shaped like a minute splinter. 1968 R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking (ed. 2) ii. 79 Shive, knots..and similar impurities, cause breaks in the web. Compounds shivelight n. a sliver of light.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1888 G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 105 Shivelights and shadowtackle in long lashes lace, lance, and pair. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † shivev.¹ Etymology: < shive n.¹ Compare Old Norse skífa. Obsolete. transitive. To cut (bread) into slices. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > slice leach?a1400 border1508 shive1570 whang1764 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Miv ^v/2 To Shiue, dissecare. 1629 J. Gaule Distractions 343 He shiues out his Bread by weight or measure. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online September 2018). † shivev.² Etymology: < shive n.² Obsolete. rare. Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. transitive. To ‘break’ (hemp, flax). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > treat or process flax, hemp, or jute [verb (transitive)] > beat swinglec1325 braya1398 riba1398 shive1483 bunch1601 tewtaw1601 rough-dress1622 towtaw1652 scutch1733 1483 Cath. Angl. 337/2 To schyfe, extupare. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.¹a1250n.²1483v.¹1570v.²1483
随便看	bink binked binking binks binky binliner binman binmen binnacle binnacles binne binned binning binny bino binocle binocles binocular binocular rivalry binoculared binocularities binocularity binocularly binoculars binoculate

shiven.1

shiven.2

Compounds

† shivev.1

† shivev.2

shiven.¹

shiven.²

† shivev.¹

† shivev.²