单词 | shadowing |
释义 | shadowingn. The action of shadow v. in various senses. 1. a. The action of affording shadow or protection from the sun; the state of being protected from the sun; protective overshadowing or sheltering. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > casting of a shadow > overshadowing > shading shadowinga1340 bowering?a1400 shading1611 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter ciii. 4 Thoro shadoyng of þi grace we are taken in contemplatyf life. a1366 Romaunt Rose 1503 For Narcisus,..By auenture come to that welle To resten hym in that shadowing. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 329 Whiche hathe conceyued thyne only gotten sonne by shadowyng of the holy goste. a1850 D. G. Rossetti Dante & Circle (1874) i. 252 And there my lady 'mid the shadowings Of myrtle-trees..Singing I saw. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > casting of a shadow > overshadowing > something affording shade shadowing1598 parasol1616 shadow1667 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Vela,..a vaile or shadowing, a couering, a curteine. c1710 C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 256 Then she [the Queen] was anoynted in this manner; there was a Cloth of silver twilight Embroyder'd, held a Little shaddowing over her head. 2. The act of casting a shadow upon something; obscuration of light; quasi-concrete shadows cast upon something. Also transferred and figurative (cf. shadow n. 4f). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > casting of a shadow shadowingc1000 c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 258 On sumum earde hi [sc. days] beoð længran, on sumon scyrtran, for þære eorðan sceadewunge [v.r. sceadwunge]. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) James i. 17 Anentis whom is not ouerchaunginge, nether schadewing of whileness [L. obumbratio vicissitudinis]. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. i. §9. 197 Peter [healed], by his onely shadowing. 1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 169 It is by projecting these total and partial shadowings one on the other that they produce the phenomena of eclipses. 1878 S. Newcomb Pop. Astron. 556 Penumbra, a partial shadowing. 1977 Lancet 3 Sept. 512/1 A chest radiograph showed slight inflammatory shadowing in the right upper zone. 3. The position or distribution of shadow, in a visible object or scene; the placing of the shadows in a picture. †Also, in Drawing and Painting, = shading n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > casting of a shadow > shadow > distribution of shadowing1603 mock-shade1669 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > light and shade > [noun] > shade > delineation of adumbration1531 shadowing1603 shading1663 1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. C3 Lend me Art (without any counterfet shadowing) to paint..the whole story. 1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman xii. 115 You must obserue the shaddowing of Taffata's. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 371 An infinite Variety of Inequalities and Shadowings, that naturally arise from an agreeable Mixture of Hills, Groves and Vallies. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. iv. xxiii. 260 A little soft shadowing of Evil sets off the bright and luminous parts of the Creation. 1756 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (new ed.) II. ii. 32 This way of drawing and shadowing is generally performed..with black chalk. 4. A variation of colour, a shade, tint. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [noun] > shade or tone shadowing1580 shade1690 key1713 nuance1823 colour tone1853 colour value1857 hue1857 neutral1859 shadow-script1898 value1902 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 67 When Phydias first painted they vsed no colours, but blacke, white, redde, and yeolow: Zeuxis added greene, and euery one inuented a newe shadowing. 1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie I. 17 The martin's fur..was of a fineness and shadowing that a queen might covet. 5. An imperfect or obscure representation; a prefiguring or adumbration. Also with forth. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > [noun] > a representation > obscure shadow1382 shadowing1642 landscapea1649 spectre1849 1642 R. Cudworth Union Christ & Church 4 God..delighted to draw some Shadowings and Adumbrations of it here below. 1805 A. Knox Remains (1834) I. 15 If every species of the sublime be..a shadowing of Deity [etc.]. 1872 A. P. Forbes Kalendars Sc. Saints p. xlvii The first shadowings forth of the minsters and cathedrals of the best days of pointed architecture. 6. a. The action of dogging a person's steps to spy on his proceedings. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > investigation of crime > [noun] > other specific methods shadowing1890 entrapment1899 obbo1933 stop1968 sting1976 the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > procedures used in spying > [noun] > following shadowing1890 1890 Guardian 9 July 1085/1 The real author of shadowing is..the National League. b. Speech Therapy. Repetition of another's words with the minimum of delay, as a treatment for stuttering. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > [noun] > study, correction, or therapy logopedia1923 speech pathology1931 speech therapy1933 shadowing1955 logopedics1960 1955 Nature 5 Nov. 874/2 ‘Shadowing’ means repeating concurrently. 1975 in J. Eisenson Stuttering: 2nd Symposium 347 It would appear that speech behavior during shadowing shares something in common with singing. 7. Microscopy. = shadow-casting n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical skills and techniques > [noun] > shadow-casting shadow-casting1944 shadowing1945 1945 Science 8 June 596/1 Their orientation with respect to the direction of shadowing. 1973 P. J. Goodhew Specimen Preparation in Materials Sci. v. 148 Much shadowing is performed with heavy elements, a wide variety of which have been used. Compounds † shadowing place n. Obsolete a place of shade, a shelter, an arbour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > sheltered place shadec1000 shadowing placea1382 scug1513 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > casting of a shadow > overshadowing > shady place shadowing placea1382 swalec1440 shadow1526 umbracle1653 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxxiv. 19 The hilet, or the schadowyng place [L. umbraculum], of the myd-day. 1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 16750 I se that ffolkys..ffynden a Shadwyng place and an holsomme Refuge whan they fflen to the ffor socour and helpe. 1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. xx.vi After this Ionas..made hym a shadowynge place. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Auvent, an arbour, a shadowyng place. Draft additions 1997 = work shadowing n. (originally U.S.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > career > [noun] > training or preparation schemes work–study1924 work experience1967 exposure1968 shadowing1976 work shadowing1976 Youth Opportunities Programme1977 YOP1978 job shadowing1979 Youth Training Scheme1981 YTS1984 new deal1995 1976 E. Andrews Exploring Arts & Humanities Careers in Community 15 ‘Shadowing’ is a term used to designate a brief out-of-school experience in which the student spends two to ten hours observing and talking with a selected practitioner. 1979 D. H. Mellor Community-Based Career Guidance Practices 4 Activities include speakers, on-site interviews, and shadowing. 1983 A. A. Huczynski Encycl. Managem. Devel. Methods 181 Manager Shadowing is a less formal type of development than apprenticeship. Here there is no necessry requirement that the newcomer will take over the job of the person he is shadowing. 1986 Daily Tel. 29 Sept. 24/7 The value of shadowing is enormous. It breaks down the preconceptions and fear that the young have of business. 1992 Times Educ. Suppl. 31 Jan. 3/2 The cornerstone of the partnership now was the activities schools and firms were able to share, such as workplace visits, job shadowing and interviewing. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shadowingadj. That shadows, in various senses of the verb. 1. Affording shade, shelter, or protection. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [adjective] > of the nature of a shelter > sheltering shadowing1552 sheltering1616 shroudy?1634 overshadowing1650 sheltery1729 covering1790 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [adjective] > casting a shadow > overshadowing > affording shade umbrosea1425 shadowing1552 umbrate?1553 shadeful1563 shady1579 shadinga1586 umbrageous1587 shadowy1607 umbriferous1616 umbratile1659 umbracious1839 adumbral1845 umbering1872 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Shadowynge or makynge shadowe as wood doth, umbrifer. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 81 Peplis..hath a brode shaddowyng bushe which is full of whyte iuice. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 214 Shadowing trees. 1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. i. 36 Shadowing pines, and thickets of oak. 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality xvi, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. III. 335 The horseman..pulled the shadowing hat still deeper on his forehead. 2. Indicating obscurely or by symbol; prefiguring, boding. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prefiguration > [adjective] prognostica1500 prefigurative?1504 prenunciative1555 presignificant1576 shadowing1579 presignificative1588 prenuncious1656 umbratica1677 forecoming1860 foresignifying1860 society > communication > representation > physical representation of abstraction > symbolizing > [adjective] figural?a1500 sacramental1534 shadowing1579 hieroglyphical1581 similitudinary1581 morala1616 symbolical1620 characterical1634 shadowy1641 emblematical1644 emblematic1645 hieroglyphic1647 symbolic1681 emblematizing1751 tokening1820 imagerial1837 twi-necked1840 personating1851 symptomatic1853 symbolizing1909 uroboric1958 1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 58 [The pascal lamb is] a shadowing figure, like the first draught of a painter. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1623) iv. i. 39 Nature would not inuest her selfe in such shadowing passion, without some Instruction. 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iii. 350 The dark and shadowing visions of the night. 1876 Ld. Tennyson Harold iii. i. 86 The king Is holy, and hath talk'd with God, and seen A shadowing horror. 3. Spying, following for purposes of information. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > investigation of crime > [adjective] > other specific methods shadowing1889 stop-search-question1973 the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > procedures used in spying > [adjective] > engaged in shadowing shadowing1889 1889 A. C. Gunter That Frenchman! v. 46 Of Hermann and his shadowing Jolly [i.e. a detective] he sees nothing. DerivativesΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > [adverb] > obscurely cloudiously1602 obscuredly1629 shadowingly1635 obscuringly1865 smokily1897 1635 R. Brathwait tr. M. Silesio Arcadian Princesse 24 Hee shadowingly deliuers unto her, in what manner they are handled. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2020). < n.c1000adj.1552 |
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