sentencen.
/ˈsɛnt(ə)ns/, U.S. /ˈsɛntns/, /ˈsɛn(t)əns/ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > [noun]
weenc888
doomc900
advicec1300
wonec1300
opiniona1325
sentence1340
sight1362
estimationc1374
witc1374
assent1377
judgementa1393
supposinga1393
mindc1400
reputationc1400
feelingc1425
suffrage1531
counta1535
existimation1535
consent1599
vote1606
deem1609
repute1610
judicaturea1631
estimate1637
measure1650
sentiment1675
account1703
sensation1795
think1835
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 69 Þer byeþ zome..þet none guode techinge ne onderuongeþ ak alneway weryeþ hare sentense huet þet hit by.
c1400 Rom. Rose 5813 The baronage to councel wente; In many sentences they fille, And dyversly they seide hir wille.
c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 364 Se how þat þe worþi prelacie,..Endowyd of profound intelligence, Of al þis land werreyen þi sentence.
1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. ccclvi The comune sentence of the people..that euery thynge after destenye is ruled, false and wicked is to byleue.
1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1329/2 Yet is it the most common sentence of al the old holye men.
1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Pref. Be ȝe perfite in ane mynd & in ane sentence.
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxvii. 178 Touching the sentence of antiquitie in this cause.
1609 Bible (Douay) I. Josh. ix. 2 The Hetheite and Amorreite..were gathered, to fight against Iosue and Israel with one minde, and one sentence.
2.
a. The opinion pronounced by a person on some particular question, usually, one on which he is consulted or which is being deliberated upon.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > [noun] > a view, notion, opinion > on a particular point
sentencec1386
opiniona1393
meaninga1398
belief1528
resentiment1606
value1637
resentment1675
c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋366 I wolde fayn knowe how that ye vnderstonde thilke wordes and what is youre sentence.
1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. xxvi. 156 Ne yeue thow not lyghtly thy sentence.
c1470 J. Hardyng Chron. clxxviii. ii Emong theim selfes our lordes for hie prudence Of the bishop asked counsaill and sentence.
c1480 (a1400) St. Andrew 1022 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 92 Þe bischope thocht, and all þe lafe, þe sentence ganand þat scho gafe.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Acts xv. C Wherfore my sentence is [Gk. ἐγὼ κρίνω], that [etc.].
1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. viii. 412 Olde Chaucer so long agoe set his sentence downe against this exercise.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 74 With that she..gaue this sentence then, among nine bad if one be good, there's yet one good in ten.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 51 My sentence is for open Warr: Of Wiles, More unexpert, I boast not. View more context for this quotation
1678 T. Hobbes Decameron Physiologicum x. 122 It were too bold to pronounce any sentence of its substance.
1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey I. iii. 156 Thy Sire and I were one; nor vary'd aught In publick sentence, or in private thought.
b. the four books (or the Book) of the Sentence(s: the Sententiarum libri quatuor, a compilation of the opinions of the Fathers on questions of Christian doctrine, by Peter Lombard (12th cent.), thence called the Master of the Sentences.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > patristics > Fathers of the Church > [noun] > writings of
collationc1200
the four books (or the Book) of the Sentence(sa1387
catena1644
didache1853
society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > other books > [noun] > theology books
the four books (or the Book) of the Sentence(sa1387
retractationc1450
retraction1483
dunce1530
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) VIII. 43 He wroot aȝenst þe maister of þe sentence [?a1475 anon. tr. maister of sentencez].
1492 Acta Domin. Conc. (1839) 243/1 Ane buk contenand four bukis of þe sentence.
1563 J. Man tr. W. Musculus Common Places Christian Relig. 273 The Master of the Sentences did but gather together the opinions and Sentences of the Fathers.
1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin ii. 10 This Baggage once in her mad Moods and Tenses Had Lombard read, the Master o' th' Sentences.
c. the Reading of the Sentences: the office of lecturing on the ‘Books of Sentences’ (see 2b), which was the special mark of the second of the three stages of the degree of Bachelor of Divinity in medieval universities.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > teaching > teacher > university or college teacher > [noun] > lecturer > position of > specific
the Reading of the Sentences1691
1691 A. Wood Fasti Oxoniensis in Athenæ Oxonienses I. 745 Hieronim. Schlick, Count of Passan,..was then admitted to the reading of the Sentences.
1886 Lyte Hist. Univ. Oxf. 107 The Dominicans [in 1313]..took exception to another recent statute of the University, which forbade any one to lecture on the text of the Bible who had not already lectured on the Sentences and taken the degree of Bachelor of Divinity.
3. An authoritative decision; a judgement pronounced by a tribunal.† a. spec. = sentence of excommunication.in extended use.1702 Eng. Theophrastus 3 They cannot pass a just sentence upon the performances of their respective writers.figurative.1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 23 We are all under a Sentence of Death for the First Man's Sin.1842 C. Kingsley Lett. (1878) I. 61 Our sentence is to labour from the cradle to the grave.1881 B. Jowett tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War I. 197 No one when venturing on a perilous enterprise ever yet passed a sentence of failure on himself.† d. dark, hard sentence: a difficult problem. (In Bible translations used to render Hebrew ḥīdāh, Aramaic ăḥīdā enigma, Septuagint πρόβλημα, Vulgate propositio.)Cf. hard sentence (in sense 7) Chaucer Astrol. Prol. §1.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > excommunication > [noun] > rite of
cursea1050
sentencec1290
malisonc1300
censure138.
church censurec1460
ban1481
censurya1513
anathematism1567
anathema1603
imprecation1603
excommunication1702
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 133/932 Ȝif ani man hond on ov set ich ov hote al-so Þat ȝe þe sentence of holi churche for swuche violence ȝe do, And holdez vp holi churche riȝte þat ov is bi-take.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 10370 He esste boc & candle þe sentence to do bliue.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 259 This Pope..Hath sent the bulle of his sentence With cursinge and with enterdit.
c1400 Rule St. Benet (Prose) xxiv. 21 Wylys sho is in sentence, sho ne sal noht be in cuuent, til it be amendid.
c1450 Mirk's Festial 281 As hit fell bysyde þe abbay of Lulsull by þre men þat hadden stolen an ox of þe abbot, and he had made a sentens þerfor.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxli. 536 Whiche of them yt euer shulde breke this peace by any maner of wayes, shulde rynne in the sentence of the pope.
b. gen. The judgement or decision of a court in any civil or criminal cause. Now rare in popular use; still technically applied to the decisions of the ecclesiastical and admiralty courts.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > [noun] > judgement or decision of court
judgement?a1300
rulinga1382
deliverance1385
sentencec1386
laudc1465
judiciala1500
arrest1509
interlocutor1533
finding1581
fatwa1625
decreea1642
arrêtc1650
c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's Tale 172 The Iuge answerde: Of this in his absence I may nat yeue diffynytyue sentence.
1446 in Cov. Leet-bk. 228 Declaracion of a centens yeuon for the priour & Couent of the Cathedrall churche of our Lady of Couentre ayeynest John Bredon.
1477 Rolls of Parl. VI. 182/2 [The French king] by sentence judiciall dismyssed them and their plegges oute of the seid Courte.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. v. E These gyue sentence with the vngodly for rewardes.
1550 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. I. 97 My Lord Governour and Lordis of Secreit Counsale, efter lang reasoning upoun the allegeance forsaid be sentence interlocutor, fand that conforme to the lawis [etc.].
1585 R. Greene Planetomachia i. sig. F4 Sol, we haue agreed that your sensure shal stand for a sentence, and therfore I wil not inueigh against your verdict.
1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes i. f. 9 These two sentences, haue these two contrary effects.., the sentence interlocutorie, may be reuoked at any time so longe as the principall cause dependeth vndecided. But the sentence definitiue cannot be reuoked.
1717 E. Miller Acct. Univ. Cambr. 30 Tho' he prosecuted his Action with all the Vigour he could, it was about seven Years before it came to a Sentence, which was at last, in Favour of the Townsman.
1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 124 No civil or criminal sentence could take place, till the voice of the judge was affirmed by the court.
1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 946 By the sentence of a French court of admiralty it appeared, that the ship insured, ‘warranted American’, had been condemned as enemy's property.
1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. at Decree A decree or decreet is the final judgment or sentence of a court, whereby the question at issue between the parties is decided.
1857 Act 20 & 21 Victoria c. 85 §16 A Sentence of Judicial Separation..may be obtained, either by the Husband or the Wife, on the ground of Adultery [etc.].
c. The judicial determination of the punishment to be inflicted on a convicted criminal. Hence, the punishment to which a criminal is sentenced. Also transferred.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > sentencing > [noun] > sentence
doomc900
righteOE
juise1303
sentencec1340
censurec1470
c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. 7 For-thy I had na stabyll purpos in gude, na perfite contrycyone, tharefore sentence of dampnacyone ffelle one me.
c1450 Mirk's Festial 245 Þogh a woman by Goddys sentence bere hur childyr wyth so gret penance.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost i. i. 288 Sir I will pronounce your sentence: You shall fast a weeke with Branne and Water. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. iii. 119 If you doe finde me foule in her report, Not onely take away, but let your sentence Euen fall vpon my life.
1662 Tryal Sir H. Vane 51 After that, out comes the Judgement or Sentence of Death against him.
1747 V. Mathias in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1843) I. 118 I am now to desire you would contrive for to-morrow, that I may hear the Lord High Steward's speech, and sentence passed.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxix. 373 When sentence of death, the most terrible and highest judgment in the laws of England, is pronounced.
1891 H. Matthews in Law Times 92 96/1 A convict who gains by steady industry the maximum number of marks during each day of his sentence.
1893 C. G. Leland Memoirs I. 144 A noted murderer under sentence of death.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > that which is difficult > a difficult problem
knotc1000
a bone to pick (also gnaw)c1450
dark, hard sentence1535
nut1540
Gordian knot1579
nodus1728
teaser1759
stumper1807
Chinese puzzlec1815
facer1828
sticker1849
grueller1856
stumbler1863
twister1879
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > a profound secret, mystery > puzzle, enigma, riddle > [noun]
riddleOE
purposec1350
problema1382
propositiona1382
conclusion1393
divinailc1430
opposal?a1439
riddling?c1475
wordc1480
why1532
dark, hard sentence1535
enigma1539
remblere1599
puzzlement1646
gripha1652
puzzler1651
riddlemy riddlemy1652
puzzle1655
crux1718
teaser1759
puzzleation1767
conundrum1790
poser1793
riddle-me-ree1805
stumper1807
tickler1825
sticker1849
brain-teaser1850
grueller1856
question mark1870
brain-twister1878
skull-buster1926
mind-bender1968
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Chron. ix. 1 The quene of rich Arabia..came with a very greate tryne to Ierusalem..to proue Salomon with darke sentences.
1539 Bible (Great) Psalms lxxviii. 2 I wyll declare hard sentences of olde.
1563 J. Shute First Groundes Archit. sig. Biii We can neither know or yet discusse the measures and harde sentences or questions of Symetrie.
4.
a. A quoted saying of some eminent person, an apophthegm. Also, a pithy or pointed saying, an aphorism, maxim. Obsolete exc. Historical.In Rhetoric formerly used (after Latin sententia) as the rendering of Greek γνώμη gnome n.1
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > [noun]
saw9..
quideOE
yedOE
wordOE
wisdomc1175
bysawe?c1225
riotc1330
sentencec1380
textc1386
dict1432
diction1477
redec1480
say1486
adage1530
commonplace?1531
adagy1534
soothsay1549
maxima1564
apophthegm1570
speech1575
gnome1577
aphorisma1593
imprese1593
spoke1594
symbol1594
maxim1605
wording1606
impress1610
motto1615
dictum1616
impresa1622
dictate1625
effate1650
sentiment1780
great thought1821
brocarda1856
text-motto1880
sententia1917
c1380 J. Wyclif in Sel. Eng. Wks. II. 399 Crist seiþ to hise apostlis, Ȝe shulen be blessid whanne men shulen curse you... And if þe Chirche were wel enformed of þis sentence..men shulden not drede feyned cursingis.
c1386 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 15 Herke what is the sentence of the wise: Bet is to dyen than haue Indigence.
c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 108 Now euery word and sentence is of cure.
1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. ii. ix. f. cxl Than cometh there also on this parte the sayenges or sentences of the holy fathers.
1567 Triall of Treasure sig. Aiii The wyse mans sentence.
1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 89v Hungry stomackes are not to be fed with sayings against surfettings, nor thirst to be quenched with sentences against drunkennes.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. C2v Who feares a sentence or an old mans saw, Shall by a painted cloth be kept in awe. View more context for this quotation
1602 B. Jonson Poetaster i. ii. sig. B2 Thou speak'st sentences, olde Bias. View more context for this quotation
?1637 T. Hobbes tr. Aristotle Briefe Art Rhetorique ii. 127 To heare a young man speake Sentences, is ridiculous.
1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 244 Gnome is a figure when we bring in a sentence or such a remarkable saying of anothers to the same purpose with the Author.
1727 A. Pope et al. Περι Βαθους: Art of Sinking 74 in J. Swift et al. Misc.: Last Vol. A Poet or Orator would have no more to do, but to send to the particular Traders in each Kind;..to the Apothegmatist for his Sentences [etc.].
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 79. ⁋1 A Greek writer of sentences has laid down as a standing maxim, that he who believes not another on his oath, knows himself to be perjured.
1823 J. Gillies tr. Aristotle Rhetoric ii. xxi. 328 Sentences have great weight in discourse for two reasons.
1962 T. P. Dunning in Davis & Wrenn English & Medieval Studies 178 That element of the sentence expressed by Pandarus in Book 1—Fortune as the way of the world—is here stated at some length by Criseyde.
b. In generalized use: Aphoristic speech, sententiousness. Obsolete exc. poetic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > serious saying, dictum > [noun] > quality of
sentencec1530
sententiousness1530
sententiosity1646
gnomology1806
c1530 Court of Love 5 I write, as he that none intelligence Of metres hath, ne floures of sentence.
1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης iv. 32 The discours..full of sentence.
1917 T. S. Eliot Love Song J. Alfred Prufrock in Prufrock & Other Observ. 15 Politic, cautious, and meticulous; Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse.
5. An indefinite portion of a discourse or writing; a ‘passage’. Now only (with approach to sense 6), a short passage of Scripture in liturgical use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a discourse or lecture > passage of
sentencec1400
processa1425
passagec1550
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > extract > [noun]
stitchena1225
outdraughtc1300
draught1382
sentencec1400
article1417
place1526
membera1535
gobbet?1550
extracture1602
excerption1614
excerpta1638
analects1641
extraction1656
extract1666
selection1805
worksheet1823
reading1828
screed1829
sectiuncle1838
snippet1864
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > passage
sentencec1400
comma1649
passage1711
c1400 Rule of St. Benet (Prose) lv. 36 Þabbes sal ta yeme of þis sentence of þe dedis of þe apostils.
c1420 Wars Alex. (Prose) (E.E.T.S.) 46 Scho was riȝte sory and wrote a lettre vn-till hym þat contened this sentence [etc.].
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Svpper of the Lorde f. cxxv Then shall folowe for the Offertory, one or mo, of these Sentences of holy scripture.
1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes (1568) iv. Argt. 106 b That man..that vouchsafeth not to spend one hower of the day to read a graue sentence of some good booke.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Rubrique,..a special title or sentence of the Law written, or printed, in red.
1639 in Brit. Mag. (1834) 6 379 For settyng up the sentences of Scripture in the church, 0. 3. 0.
1737 R. Challoner Catholick Christian Instructed vii. 94 After which he reads a short Sentence of Scripture.
6.
a. A series of words in connected speech or writing, forming the grammatically complete expression of a single thought; in popular use often (= period n. 16), such a portion of a composition or utterance as extends from one full stop to another. In Grammar, the verbal expression of a proposition, question, command, or request, containing normally a subject and a predicate (though either of these may be omitted by ellipsis).In grammatical use, though not in popular language, a ‘sentence’ may consist of a single word, as in Latin algeo ‘I am cold’, where the subject (= I) is expressed by the ending of the verb. English grammarians usually recognize three classes: simple sentences, complex sentences (which contain one or more subordinate clauses), and compound sentences (which have more than one subject or predicate).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > sentence
reasona1398
sentence1447
composition1627
1447 O. Bokenham Agnes in Lyvys Seyntys 682 Fro sentence to sentence, I dar wele seyn, I hym haue folwyde euen by & by.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. HHHviv Euery letter, syllable, worde & sentence of his prayer & duety fro the begynnyng to the ende.
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Tetracolon, a sentence hauyng .iiii. membres.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. ii. 133 At euerie sentence end; Will I Rosalinda write. View more context for this quotation
1631 in R. Sanderson Rymer's Fœdera (1732) XIX. 305 The Statute before mentioned, or any Clause, Sentence, Matter or Thing whatsoever therein conteyned.
a1653 H. Binning Common Princ. Christian Relig. in Wks. (1735) 27 There is some hidden Secret that you must search for, that is inclosed within the Covering of Words and Sentences.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 550. ¶5 I have so well preserved my Taciturnity, that I do not remember to have violated it with three Sentences in the Space of almost two Years.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Every Sentence comprehends at least Three Words.
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VII. xlv. 177 I would not lose a sentence that I could gain from lips so instructive.
1787 T. Reid Let. to J. Gregory 26 Aug. In speech, the true natural unit is a sentence.
1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. iii. 54 His displeasure was expressed in broken sentences.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair l. 442 The combat, which we describe in a sentence or two, lasted for many weeks in poor Amelia's heart.
1870 W. S. Jevons Elem. Lessons Logic (1875) vii. 61 What the logician calls a proposition the grammarian calls a sentence.
b. Music. A complete idea, usually consisting of two or four phrases.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > phrase > group of phrases
numbers1595
period1866
section1866
sentence1891
1891 in Cent. Dict.
1893–7 J. S. Shedlock tr. K. W. J. H. Riemann Dict. Music at Phrase Signs The chief elements in Riemann's system are:..(3) The figures..showing period structure (2 for the point of stress of the first group of two measures;..8 for the point of stress of the whole sentence).
c. Logic. A correctly ordered series of signs or symbols that expresses a proposition in an artificial or logical language.
ΚΠ
1937 A. Smeaton tr. R. Carnap Logical Syntax Lang. i. 26 We have already surveyed all the possible ways of constructing sentences and numerical expressions in Language I.
1957 P. Suppes Introd. to Logic iii. 54 A sentence is a formula which has no free variables.
1976 Evans & McDowell Truth & Meaning p. viii Conditions (1), (2), and (3) require that L be a logically perfect language, with sentences free from structural or lexical ambiguity.
a. The thought or meaning expressed, as distinguished from the wording; the sense, substance, or gist (of a passage, a book, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > meaning of linguistic unit > drift, tenor, purport > [noun]
sentence?c1225
intent1303
tenora1387
intendment1390
strengthc1390
porta1393
meaningc1395
process1395
continencea1398
purposec1400
substance1415
purport1422
matterc1450
storyc1450
containing1477
contenu1477
retinue1484
fecka1500
content1513
drift1526
intention1532
vein1543
importing1548
scope1549
importance1552
course1553
force1555
sense?1556
file1560
intelliment?1562
proporta1578
preport1583
import1588
importment1602
carriage1604
morala1616
significancy1641
amount1678
purview1688
sentiment1713
capacity1720
spirit1742
message1828
thrust1968
messaging1977
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 257 Nimeð nugode ȝeme. for al mest is seint beornardes sentence.
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 9571 Þus may þis tretice, with þe sentence, Pryk and stirre a mans conscience.
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 429 As lordis of englond han the bible in freynsch, so it were not aȝenus resoun þat þey hadden þe same sentense in Engliȝsch.
c1386 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 345 Mulier est hominis confusio: Madame, the sentence of this latyn is, Womman is mannes Ioye and al his blis.
c1450 Godstow Reg. 27 The sentence of thys dede is, how John of synt John hathe grauntyd [etc.].
1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) i. ii. sig. a.vi v Or in other langage or wordes betokenynge the same sentence.
?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Aiiijv Perhappis in this matter muche eloquence Sholde make it tedyous or hurt the sentence.
a1544 H. Latimer Let. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 1323/1 They..added vnto his wordes, to alter his sentence.
1561 in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun Misc. Maitland Club (1843) III. ii. 284 He was sa far distant fra hyr he mycht not heyr the sentence of hyr word.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > meaning of linguistic unit > drift, tenor, purport > [adverb]
in sentement1412
in sentencec1412
materially1605
c1412 J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte 515 Thow hast wel sayed, For which I wil, in sentence, That thow yive me Audience.
1421 J. Lydgate Horse, Goose & Sheep 9 in Polit. Relig. & Love Poems 15 Parties assemblid..Weren admitted to shewen in sentence, Ground of here quarell.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 322 And an other cronicler seith in sentence thus.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 123 Gude Iames the ferd..In sentens said full subtillie: ‘Do weill [etc.]’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > [noun]
signifiancec1275
wita1340
understanding1340
significancea1400
interpretationc1400
sentence1402
signification?a1425
comprehensec1470
knowledging1532
meaning1600
conceit1607
significancy1618
signality1646
significativeness1652
valor1676
amount1678
significature1822
1402 Repl. to J. Upland in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 59 Now, Jak, to thi questions, nedes me moste answer, althouȝ thei wanten sentence and good thrift bothe.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 308 Noght oo word spak he moore than was neede And that was..short and quyk and ful of heigh sentence.
c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 179 Problemys of olde likenesse and figures, Whiche proved been fructuous of sentence.
?1551 Sessions against Gardiner in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 828/2 To the xxviii. [article] he sayth as it lyeth it hath no sentence: nor he cannot vnderstande it.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxii. 213 Now if this disorder be in a whole clause which carieth more sentence then a word, it is then worst of all.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > [noun]
i-witc888
anyitOE
understandinga1050
ferec1175
skillwisenessa1200
quaintisec1300
brainc1325
cunning1340
reder1340
cunningnessa1400
sentencec1400
intelligence?1435
speculation1471
ingeny1474
cunningheadc1475
capacity1485
pregnancyc1487
dexterity1527
pregnance?1533
shift1542
wittiness1543
ingeniousness1555
conceitedness1576
pate1598
conceit1604
ingeniosity1607
dexterousness1622
talent1622
ingenuousness1628
solertiousnessa1649
ingenuity1651
partedness1654
brightness1655
solerty1656
prettiness1674
long head1694
long lega1705
cleverness1755
smartness1800
cleverality1828
brain power1832
knowledgeability1834
braininess1876
cerebrality1901
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > [noun]
righteousnesseOE
snoterc950
witnessc950
wisdomOE
insightc1175
witc1175
smeighnessc1200
sleighta1300
witternessa1300
inwitc1305
wittiheadc1315
wisenessc1320
witterheda1325
wisehede1340
slyness1357
sapience1377
wisdomhood138.
prudencea1382
sapienta1400
sentencec1400
advice?a1439
sophyc1440
profunditya1500
wittiness1543
Minerva1601
depth1605
Sophia1649
visionariness1817
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > [noun] > good or sound judgement
witc1175
sentencec1400
judgement1536
c1400 Rule of St. Benet (Prose) xxvii. 22 On alle maner sal þabbes entirmete hir Al maner of sentence at muster til hir sep.
1513 Life Henry V (1911) 3 I have not enterprised the compilacion of this present volume vppon noe presumpcion of witt, sentence, or cunninge of my self.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxcix. 692 There Phylyppe Dartuell, by great sentence, shewed them fro poynt to poynt, the ryght that they thought they had in their quarell.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a. (In sense 6.)
(a)
sentence-accent n.
sentence-building adj.
ΚΠ
1921 H. E. Palmer Princ. Lang.-study 22 Exercises exist which ensure accuracy in..sentence-building.
sentence-completion n.
ΚΠ
1966 J. Derrick Teaching Eng. to Immigrants v. 205 Other sentence-completion exercises, in which there can be slightly more freedom of choice, can consist of ‘half sentences’ in which part or whole of the subject or predicate is missing and has to be filled in by the pupil.
sentence-construction n.
ΚΠ
1921 H. E. Palmer Princ. Lang.-study iii. 58 The learner need know little about the sciences dealing with inflexions, sentence-construction, or meanings.
sentence-form n.
ΚΠ
1930 T. Sasaki On Lang. R. Bridges' Poetry 92 The language of poetry is in not a few points similar to primitive language, which usually favours ‘gegenständliches Denken’, and therefore prefers attributive sentence-form.
1965 Language 41 372 A form that differs from any elementary sentence-form of the language.
sentence-formation n.
ΚΠ
1935 G. K. Zipf Psycho-biol. Lang. v. 185 They [sc. substantive and verb] are not a sine qua non of sentence-formation.
sentence-formula n.
ΚΠ
1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. i. iii. 132 Because it [sc. How do you do?] is itself a sentence, not merely sentence material, it may be termed a sentence formula or a formular sentence.
sentence-frame n.
ΚΠ
1962 G. A. Miller in Amer. Psychologist XVII. 756/1 One opinion is that we learn ‘sentence frames’ that we keep filed away in a sort of sentence-frame dictionary. The declarative, interrogative, affirmative, negative, active, passive, compound, complex, etc., sentence frames are all supposed to be learned separately and to have no intrinsic relation to one another.
sentence-intonation n.
ΚΠ
1934 J. J. Hogan Outl. Eng. Philol. i. iv. 25 It [sc. the sentence] has a musical tune, Sentence-Intonation.
sentence-making adj.
ΚΠ
1870 Whitney Germ. Gramm. Suppl. 3 The main peculiarities of German sentence-making.
sentence-meaning n.
ΚΠ
1945 Mind 54 366 The vital question ‘how separate words..can combine to yield sentence-meanings’ is dealt with very summarily.
sentence-melody n.
ΚΠ
1922 O. Jespersen Lang. i. iv. 97 The heightened interest in everything concerning ‘accent’ (stress and pitch) has also led to investigations of sentence-stress and sentence-melody.
sentence-modifier n.
ΚΠ
1928 H. Poutsma Gram. Late Mod. Eng. (ed. 2) I. i. v. 320 The question whether an adverbial adjunct is a sentence-modifier or a word-modifier, is of considerable importance.
sentence-monger n.
ΚΠ
1847 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 46 Nor can he be simply transposed as many a decent sentence-monger may.
sentence-pattern n.
ΚΠ
1935 G. K. Zipf Psycho-biol. Lang. v. 201 The question of equilibrium which lies at the root of the development of all sentence-patterns.
sentence-rhythm n.
ΚΠ
1926 H. W. Fowler Dict. Mod. Eng. Usage 560/1 The separating adverb could have been placed outside the infinitive with little or in most cases no damage to the sentence-rhythm.
1957 R. W. Zandvoort Handbk. Eng. Gram. (new ed.) vi. 239 The different word order..may be due to a desire for variety, as much as to the requirements of sentence-rhythm.
sentence-stress n.
ΚΠ
1884 H. Sweet in Trans. Philol. Soc. 19 589 Sentence-stress, intonation, and, generaly speaking, the higher fonetic analysis of our dialects, ar almost ignord.
sentence structure n.
ΚΠ
1872 W. Minto Man. Eng. Prose Lit. Introd. 8 So defective were they in sentence-structure, that [etc.].
sentence-type n.
ΚΠ
1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. x. 169 The use of the secondary phoneme [!] gives us the sentence-type of exclamation.
(b)
sentence-final n.
ΚΠ
1949 E. A. Nida Morphol. (ed. 2) 62 In English the sentence-final glides which follow the last intonationally stressed syllable constitute morphemes.
1978 Language 54 79 Lehmann observes that the interrogative in Japanese is marked by placing ka after verbs in sentence-final position.
sentence-forming adj.
ΚΠ
1921 H. E. Palmer Princ. Lang.-study 25 In choosing the units of our vocabulary we may be guided by..sentence-forming utility.
1936 J. R. Kantor Objective Psychol. Gram. iii. xvii. 241 Those grammarians who call the verb a sentence-forming word, a phenomenon word, or an Aussagewort, also pay tribute to its action-referring character and save themselves from a too great stress of time.
sentence-initial n.
ΚΠ
1964 Language 40 6 Mere sentence-initial position of Wh does not suffice to differentiate between inversion and noninversion.
1978 Language 54 85 Sentence initial subjects in Japanese and English may be viewed as most distant from the verb.
sentence-initially adv.
ΚΠ
1976 Word 27 302 This word is then placed sentence-initially.
sentence-modifying adj.
ΚΠ
1928 H. Poutsma Gram. Late Mod. Eng. (ed. 2) I. i. i. 101 Weak do is used in connexion with sentence-modifying not.
sentence-opening n.
ΚΠ
1962 J. Söderlind in F. Behre Contrib. Eng. Syntax 117 This is a bold type, found in sentence-opening subject position.
b. (In sense 3.)
sentence-giving adj.
ΚΠ
1661 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 2) at Judication Sentence-giving.
C2.
sentence adverb n. Grammar an adverb used to qualify a complete sentence (see also quot. 1892).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > adverb > [noun] > specific types of
adverb of quality1530
frequentative1635
adverb of manner1728
circumstance1795
submodifier1868
sentence adverb1892
downtoner?1900
sentence adverbial1964
1892 H. Sweet New Eng. Gram. I. 127 Sentence-adverbs. The answer to the question is he here? can be either the affirmative yes or the negative no. It is evident that yes and no are sentence-modifying adverbs and at the same time sentence-words like come! John!, alas!
1916 E. A. Sonnenschein New Eng. Gram. 33 Several..adverbs..may be used to qualify the sentence as a whole; when so used they are called sentence-adverbs.
1916 E. A. Sonnenschein New Eng. Gram. 33 Some sentence-adverbs (especially ‘too’, ‘else’, ‘only’, ‘even’) may be used in such a way as to emphasize the word which stands next to them in the sentence.
1980 Amer. Speech 1976 51 168 Among the adverbs were some that are often classed together as sentence adverbs; luckily, wisely, foolishly, rightly.
sentence adverbial n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > adverb > [noun] > specific types of
adverb of quality1530
frequentative1635
adverb of manner1728
circumstance1795
submodifier1868
sentence adverb1892
downtoner?1900
sentence adverbial1964
1964 Katz & Postal Integrated Theory Ling. Descr. iv. 95 The answers to yes-no questions are in fact sentence adverbials, i.e., yes, no, and perhaps by extension maybe, of course, certainly, etc.
sentence-day n. the day of a trial in which the sentence is pronounced.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > sentencing > [noun] > day when sentence pronounced
sentence-day1662
1662 Tryal Sir H. Vane 51 Wednesday June 11. being the Sentence-day.
sentence diagram n. a schematic representation of the relationships between the constituent parts of a sentence.
ΚΠ
1937 Moffett & Johnson Basic Writing 509 A sentence diagram is merely a device by which the structure of a sentence can be..shown.
1977 Language 53 493/1 The syntax section is fully and competently developed... L compares phrase-structure trees to traditional sentence diagrams, with which many students will be familiar.
sentence diagramming n.
ΚΠ
1937 Moffett & Johnson Basic Writing Index 632 Sentence diagramming.
1959 College Composition & Communication May 91 The question of just what ends we hope to attain by the use of any system of sentence diagraming.
sentence-money n.
ΚΠ
1747 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1753) II. 72 Whereas Sheriffs and Stewards have at present no other legal Reward, for doing their Duty, than Sentence-Money, which is sort of Poundage out of the Sums decreed for.
sentence-particle n. Grammar (see quot. 1953).
ΚΠ
1934 R. C. Priebsch & W. E. Collinson German Lang. ii. xi. 445 German has one Greek characteristic which makes it neater and fuller of expressive shades than English, viz. the use of sentence-particles (ja, doch..etc.) and their cumulations (ja doch..etc.).
1953 Trans. Philol. Soc. 1952 6 The name ‘sentence particle’ (satzpartikel) was given by Kuhn to all unstressed and weak-stressed words which modify not one part of the sentence but the whole of it, and are therefore syntactically independent parts of the sentence.
sentence silver n. Scots Law (see quot. 1747 for sentence-money n.).
ΚΠ
1641 Sc. Acts Chas. I (1870) V. 412/2 All sentance silver tuelve pennyes of þe pund and other exactiones imposed wpoun sentances..to be pronounced by þe saidis Judges.
sentence-token n. Logic (see quot. 1936).
ΚΠ
1936 Jrnl. Philos. 33 703 A sentence-token is a particular set of particular symbolic marks (of a sort, let us say, to represent a complete assertion).
1976 A. N. Prior Doctrine of Propositions i. 35 We may say at once that the dominant tendency in Logic is for the term ‘proposition’ to be used not for a ‘sentence-token’ but for a ‘sentence-type’.
sentence-word n. a word that serves as a sentence.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > word > [noun] > word expressing phrase or sentence
sentence-word1848
holophrasm1860
phrase-word1871
holophrase1899
monorheme1937
1848 C. Bunsen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1847 282 The Egyptian root is not the unalterable particle, or rather sentence-word, of the Chinese.
1889 St. G. Mivart Origin Human Reason 260 When used by a young child (or primitive man), sentence-words require to be supplemented by gesture-signs.
Derivatives
ˈsentencehood n. [-hood suffix] the condition of constituting a grammatically complete sentence.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > sentence > condition of
sentencehood1961
1961 Language Learning XI. 175 These..are some of the requirements which one might reasonably set for an adequate theory of English ‘sentencehood’.
1967 Philos. Rev. 76 151 In many sentences ‘probable’ can replace ‘possible’ without destroying sentencehood.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
sentencev.
/ˈsɛnt(ə)ns/, U.S. /ˈsɛntns/, /ˈsɛn(t)əns/ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > form judgement, decide [verb (intransitive)] > pronounce verdict
pronouncec1390
sentencec1400
opine1589
verdict1898
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) iii. v. 53 Ye haue falsely sentenced ageyne the trewe parte by cause that he was poure and made nought your purs peysen so heuy.
1592 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) viii. xxxix. 173 Like young Salomon, in sentencing betwixt Two Mothers.
1624 W. Bedell Copies Certaine Lett. x. 130 A Breue formed to sentence for the King.
1710 J. Norris Treat. Christian Prudence iii. 127 A Habit of Sentencing, as I may call it, or Determining, particularly in those things which are not defined by any Law.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > judge or determine judicially [verb (transitive)] > award or impose judicially
showlOE
judgea1387
ward1442
adjudge1459
award1523
adjudging1581
sentence1618
abjudicate1666
adjudicate1700
1618 G. Chapman tr. Hesiod Georgicks 9 The Day, when all litigious goods, Are iustly sentenc't, by the peoples voyces.
a. To decree or order judicially. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > judge or determine judicially [verb (transitive)] > order judicially
judgea1325
discernc1425
rule1425
sentencec1503
decree1530
award1533
decerna1575
sententiate1593
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lx/1 Therfore we may noo more doo for that [it] is sentenced vpon that reame that this enemy hath to wynne It.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xxxiiiiv Lastly it was sentencyd that the Barons shuld restore all suche goodes as they & they recompany [sic] had taken.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 387 One example of iustice is admirable, which he sentenced on the Gouernour of Casbin.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iii. iii. 22 Let them..Inforce the present Execution Of what we chance to Sentence . View more context for this quotation
1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 5 That Convention was onely instituted for the execution of such things as were formerly sentenced.
1660 Exact Accompt Trial Regicides 71 But you may see by his sentencing what he did.
b. transferred (nonce-use).
ΚΠ
1838 D. Jerrold Men of Char. (1851) 30 ‘He had better keep his bed to-day?’ asked Faddle benevolently. ‘Yes, to-day’, sentenced [Dr.] Saffron.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > judge or determine judicially [verb (transitive)]
deemc950
findeOE
adjudge?c1400
judge1477
retour1497
conclude1523
sentence1586
deraign1601
discern1622
cognosce1634
censure1640
hold1642
adjudicatea1695
1586 Let. to Earle Leycester 24 Forasmuch as she stood obstinately in the deniall of matter..most iustly sentenced against her.
1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 5 As well these which are determinable by the Law of Nations, as these which are sentenced by the Ciuil Law and other Lawes.
1632 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 109 This cause came to be heard and sentenced this day.
1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng (1725) 160 The matter in Debate was by the parochial Assembly sentenced at first.
1681 Pref. to Heylyn's De Jure Paritatis Episcoporum in P. Heylyn Κειμηλια Έκκλησιαστικα sig. Bbbbv If..any Controversie arose touching Lands or Inheritance, they sentenced it.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > judge, determine [verb (transitive)] > declare authoritatively
pronounce?a1400
sentencea1617
opiniate1706
a1617 P. Baynes Comm. Ephes. (1658) 51 Justification doth sentence this of mee, that I am just before God.
a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) Pref. sig. B4 The Heathen Poet: who sentenceth all wicked, and licencious liuers, to bee no better, then a kinde of pragmaticall Atheists.
1625 W. Laud Serm. preached at White-hall 19 June 18 They sinne against their owne conscience..by sentencing Good Euill, and Euill Good.
1662 H. Hibbert Exercitationes Theologicæ 95 in Syntagma Theologicum The clearness of his judgment..sentenceth the place venerable.
1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 211 An auspicious Title, signifying that they whose names were found there, should be sentenced worthy of eternal Life.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > judge, determine [verb (transitive)] > pass judgement on
deemc950
i-demeeOE
verdict1594
sentence1600
judge and jury1874
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 v. ii. 97 After this cold considerance sentence me. View more context for this quotation
1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence Pref. Ep. I know I..am lykest to receaue most controlement of such as are least able to sentence mee.
1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 2 His sufficiency must now be sentenc't, not by pondering the reason he shewes, but by calculating the yeares he brings.
1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. v. 70 Far from sentencing a piece on its first representation, we are jealous of its apparent merit while aided by scenic deception.
7. To pronounce sentence upon; to condemn to a punishment.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > sentencing > sentence [verb (transitive)]
deemOE
awreaka1300
judgec1300
castc1390
adjudgec1450
awarda1538
sentence1592
doom1594
destinate1611
censurea1616
condemn1653
arraign1658
adjudicatea1681
1592 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) viii. xl. 175 (He being then indighted) Was hardly found a Felon, and too stricktly sentenc'st so.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. iv. 7 Our throats are sentenc'd, and stay vppon execution. View more context for this quotation
a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 70 Slaves sentenced to the gallies.
1682 J. Flavell Righteous Man's Refuge in Pract. Treat. Fear (new ed.) 179 Though they were sentenced to death, yea, though they sentenced themselves.
1684 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 401 The Offender being Sentenced, & Repriv'd.
a1714 J. Sharp Serm. in Wks. (1754) II. 94 A wretch,..being convicted of grievous crimes, and thereupon justly sentenced to suffer death for them.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece V. xxxvii. 17 They sentenced Phœbidas to a fine of 10,000 drachmas.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxiv. 347 She was tried, and she was sentenced.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 566 He was hastily tried, convicted, and sentenced to be hanged.
8. In various nonce-uses:
a. To put into sentences. Also absol. or intransitive. To compose sentences.
ΚΠ
1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. To Rdr. 32 It would giue vs occasion either in wording or sentensing the principall parts thereof, to looke back a little into this outworne dialect.
1856 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters III. 148 Let a man have..a facility of rhyming or sentencing.
b. To influence by maxims. Also to sentence it: to speak in aphorisms.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > speak in maxims [verb (intransitive)]
to sentence it1628
saw1648
aphorize1669
axiomatize1716
apophthegmatize1818
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > utter as maxim [verb (transitive)] > influence
sentence1628
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > conciseness > be concise or brief [verb (intransitive)] > speak in aphorisms
to sentence it1628
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xciii. sig. Aa8 v Let me heare one wise man sentence it, rather then twenty Fooles, garrulous in their lengthened tattle.
1685 tr. B. Gracián y Morales Courtiers Oracle Pref. sig. A4 So it is as impossible by short documents to sentence them into their Wits and good Manners again.
Derivatives
sentenced adj. /ˈsɛntənst/
/ˈsɛntənst/ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > sentencing > [adjective] > sentenced
sentenced1638
1638 J. Mayne in Jonsonus Virbius 30 When thy maym'd Statue hath a sentenc'd face, And lookes that are the horror of the place.
1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα iv. xxiii. 628 It becomes not me to sentence either the sentenced, or sentencers that adjudged him to death.
1814 Ld. Byron Corsair iii. x. 81 He had brooded lone O'er promised pangs to sentenced guilt foreshown.
1890 Athenæum 10 May 603/3 A friend..convinces the Home Secretary that it was the dog, not the sentenced man, who pulled the trigger and shot the victim.
ˈsentencer n. one who sentences.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > [noun] > one who judges or decides
departer1382
judgec1390
judgerc1449
terminer1496
arbiterc1503
legislatora1513
determiner1530
pronouncer1561–2
judicant1570
censurer1585
discusser1587
sentencer1589
justicer1609
judicator1613
auditor1640
dijudicant1661
adjudicator1705
adjudger1821
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > sentencing > [noun] > one who sentences
sentencer1589
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxiii. 220 He who can make the best and most differences of things by reasonable and wittie distinction is to be the fittest iudge or sentencer of [decencie].
1631 T. Heywood Fair Maid of West: 2nd Pt. v. sig. L4 The thief is found.., I beg That I may be his sentencer.
1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα iv. xxiii. 628 It becomes not me to sentence either the sentenced, or sentencers that adjudged him to death.
1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. iv. 197 Haruth and Maruth went, The chosen Sentencers.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 7 Feb. 2/3 It is strange that the sight of a young fellow breaking down under his sentence should excite anyone, and particularly the sentencer, to such abuse.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.?c1225
v.c1400