overlapn.
/ˈəʊvəlap/, U.S. /ˈoʊvərˌlæp/ 1. An occurrence or instance of overlapping; the point at or degree by which one edge or thing overlaps another; an overlapping thing. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > [noun] > extending over > partial extension over
overlapping1692
overlap1813
overrunning1867
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > partially > instance of
overlap1813
1813 S. Smith Agric. Surv. Galloway 85 (Jam.) When the stones are small, the dykes should be proportionally narrowed, to make the two sides connect more firmly, and afford more overlaps.
1852 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 13 ii. 298 The nails..are driven through the overlap of both sheets at a time.
1880 W. B. Dawkins Early Man in Brit. i. 4 What we may term the overlap of history [on archaeology].
1931 A. Keith Place of Prejudice 19 Head and heart are never quite separated; there is a large overlap in their fields of action.
1959 Motor Man. (ed. 36) 37 Just before..the exhaust valve is shut..the inlet valve starts to open. There is thus a period, usually short, when both valves are partly open. This is known as the overlap.
1995 Garden (Royal Hort. Soc.) Nov. p. cviii/5 (advt.) Butt jointed glass with no overlaps.
2. Geology. An increase in the lateral extent of a later stratum in a depositional sequence, relative to those below, so that it extends beyond them (cf. onlap n.); the unconformity that results. Formerly also: †the spreading of a later deposit unconformably over the edges of underlying older strata (cf. overstep n. 2) (obsolete). regressive overlap n. = offlap n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > position or direction of strata > overlap
overlap1830
1830 H. T. De la Beche Sections & Views Pl. 3 (caption) Overlap of Chalk and Green-sand, Dorset & Devon.
1846 A. C. Ramsay in Mem. Geol. Surv. Great Brit. I. 319 This..shows a tendency to a certain amount of contemporary depression of coast and sea bottom on the south to admit of an overlap during the formation of these deposits.
1876 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 32 377 By the term overlap no unconformity is here meant, but the concealment of lower beds by the extension, through a progressive subsidence, of those next in time upon the old rocks.
1913 A. W. Grabau Princ. Stratigr. xviii. 734 (caption) Diagram illustrating regressive overlap (off-lap) and the formation of a sandstone of emergence..into which the shore-ends of the successive members of the retreatal series..grade.
1947 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 31 1868 ‘Overlap’ in geological literature..has often been used to describe..: (1) the regular and progressive pinching-out of sediments above unconformities, and (2) the regular truncation of sediments below unconformities.
1986 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 317 281 Wenlock rocks overstep the Upper Llandovery to rest on middle Ordovician strata.., but there is not necessarily a simple progressive overlap within the Silurian rocks.
3. Sailing. A position in racing in which the sternmost part of one yacht is, or is deemed to be, ahead of the foremost part of another, and in which the yacht which is overtaking and not yet clear ahead must not cut across the path of the other.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > boat racing or race > [noun] > types of rowing race > position > specific
overlap1898
1898 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport II. 585/2 If in rounding any mark in a race, or any obstruction, an inside yacht has an overlap, the outside yacht or yachts must give her sufficient room.
1935 Encycl. Sports, Games & Pastimes 760/2 Provided that the overtaking yacht makes her overlap on the side opposite to that on which the overtaken yacht then carries her main boom, the latter may luff as she pleases [etc.].
1958 Times 23 Sept. 14/2 The American yacht then went smoothly forwards to establish an overlap.
1992 Yachts & Yachting 28 Aug. 14/2 Downwind Schumann hit back at the 1988 bronze medallist and established an overlap two-thirds of the way down the run and held it to the leeward mark.
4. Railways. The distance beyond a signal that must be unoccupied before an engine is allowed to approach it from the previous signal.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > types of signal system > unoccupied distance beyond signal
overlap1925
1925 M. G. Tweedie & T. S. Lascelles Mod. Railway Signalling x. 145 To work without overlaps it would be necessary to have some system of positive speed control which would bring a train to a stand at a stop signal independently of the driver.
1969 H. R. Broadbent Introd. Railway Braking i. 6 The overlap beyond the stop signal is therefore a form of margin on the distance between the warning and stop signals to cover for contingencies.
1992 Mod. Railways Mar. 147/3 Loop length is determined by..the speed of passing trains, tachometer accuracy, and the ability to stop a train within the signal overlap even if the loop has failed.
5. Phonetics and Linguistics. The overlapping or partial coincidence of two or more phonemes, lexical items, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > overlap
overlap1942
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > complementary distribution > overlap
overlapping1941
overlap1942
1942 Amer. Speech 17 42 There is no over-lap between the length of this vowel when full grade..and its length when reduced grade.
1948 E. A. Nida in Language 24 431 Instances of ‘overlap’, i.e. forms which are in complementary distribution except at certain points where there is a contrast resulting from fluctuation of forms.
1964 Language 40 62 It is possible to raise the question of phonemic overlap... This instance of overlapping phonetic values..need not be regarded as a violation of phonemic principles.
1991 D. Crystal Dict. Linguistics & Phonetics (ed. 3) 246 An example of partial overlap is found between /r/ and /t/ in some dialects of English, where both are realised by the tap in different contexts.
6.
a. Rugby. A situation in which the team in possession has more players in its attack than can be marked by the defenders on the opposing team.
ΚΠ
1960 Times 31 Oct. 4/4 Later Glover scored a good try after Willcox had made the overlap with Mulligan.
1967 Guide for Players (Rugby Football Union) 50 [The backs] involve creating..the overlap (perhaps by bringing an extra man into the line, e.g., the full back or blindside wing).
1987 Rugby World & Post Mar. 23/2 Webbe's tackle prevented a three-man French overlap from taking advantage of the shortage of Welsh defenders.
b. Sport (esp. Association Football). A situation in which a player moves outside of and further upfield than the player in possession, in order to receive a pass.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > association football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres
holding1866
hand-balling1867
left-footer1874
header1875
handball1879
goal kick1881
corner1882
spot kick1884
middle1899
clearance1920
cross-kick1927
cross-pass1929
body swerve1933
open goal1934
headball1936
chip1939
through-ball1956
wall pass1958
outswinger1959
cross1961
overlap1969
blooter1976
hospital pass1978
route one1978
sidefoot1979
top bin1999
ankle-biting2001
1969 H. Hassall in Alan Ball's Internat. Soccer Ann. 91 If a full-back does become free it should be quite easy to work a straightforward overlap, provided his own wingman affords him some space down the touchline by coming inside.
1976 C. Brackenridge Women's Lacrosse i. 11 The important concept to recognise at this stage is the creation and function of an overlap.
1989 Football Picture Story Monthly No. 81. 5 If Lucas had played Watson deep today and had Garvin coming up on the overlap.
7. Computing. The strictly simultaneous performance of two or more operations during the execution of a program.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > programming language > programme execution > [noun] > concurrent execution
multiprogramming1959
overlap1963
1963 L. Schultz Digital Processing xi. 239 The execution of a program might be significantly speeded..by providing an overlap in the time needed for executing one instruction and fetching the next.
1969 P. B. Jordain Condensed Computer Encycl. 365 I/O overlap is a great improvement over strictly sequential operations, but it still leaves the electronics waiting for the slower main memory.
1983 Dict. Computing 255/2 When there is overlap between portions of arithmetic operations..the process is usually called pipelining.
Compounds
overlap fault n. (a) Mining a fault in which two parts of the same seam come to lie one above the other, esp. with one inverted; (b) Geology (rare) = overthrust fault at overthrust n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > discontinuity or unconformity > [noun] > fault > other types of fault
heave1802
reversed fault1852
reverse fault1865
step-fault1879
ring fracture1881
overfault1883
overlap fault1883
overthrust1883
trough fault1883
thrust1888
thrust-fault1889
offset1897
cross-fault1900
tear-fault1900
distributive fault1904
cross-break1909
slide1910
strike-slip fault1913
rift1921
splay fault1942
wrench fault1951
megashear1954
transform fault1965
transform1971
1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 180 Overlap fault, a peculiar kind of fault where a seam is reversed or doubled back over itself.
1886 J. Prestwich Geol. I. xv. 257 (caption) Great slide or overlap fault in the Radstock coalfield.
1902 H. Pim Witwatersrand Gold Mines 7, in Accounting & Business Res. (Nexis) 28 (1998) 281 In the unopened portions of the claim the assay value of the ore may change; the slope of the formation may increase or decrease, the ore sheets become thicker or thinner, overlap faults may double the reef.
overlap joint n. a joint in which one edge overlaps another (cf. lap-joint n. at lap n.3 Compounds 2).
ΚΠ
1850 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 140 696 (table) Plates same as before, ·22 inch thick, with overlap joint and double rivets.
1936 E. A. Atkins & A. G. Walker Electr. Arc & Oxy-acetylene Welding (ed. 3) iv. 34 No. 6 is a joggled over-lap joint which is used when it is necessary to have one side of a joint perfectly flush with the plate surface.
2002 Design News (Nexis) 22 Apr. 33 Gentex has conducted strength tests of overlap joints in various sheet stocks and films.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
overlapv.1
/ˌəʊvəˈlap/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈlæp/ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)] > enfold or envelop
befolda1000
umbefold14..
foldc1394
umbeclipa1395
involvea1420
overfold?1440
warp1513
overroll1548
encompass1553
invest1578
immantle1585
enrol1590
imply1590
circumvest1599
circumvestite1599
enfold1599
convolve1601
shadow1608
overlapc1612
enwreathe1620
obvele1654
obside1695
integument1883
c1612 W. Strachey Hist. Trav. Virginia (1953) i. vii. 94 Their Inwards they stuff with perle, Copper, beades..sowed in a skynne, which they overlappe againe very Carefully in white skynnes.
2. † a. intransitive. Fencing. To cross one's blade over the blade of an opponent. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > fence [verb (intransitive)] > actions
traversea1470
to hold one's handa1500
flourish1552
lock1579
to come in1594
retire1594
pass1595
recover1600
redouble1640
allonge1652
caveat1652
parry1671
disengage1684
overlap1692
volt1692
tierce1765
whip1771
wrench1771
lunge1809
salute1809
riposte1823
cut1833
quart1833
repost1848
remise1889
1692 W. Hope Compl. Fencing-master (ed. 2) 71 When you overlapp, do it with the broad side of your blade, and not with the Edge.
b. transitive. To cause (a thing) to lie over another thing; to cause (things) to lie over each other. Cf. lap v.2 6.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > partially > cause to
lap1607
overlap1717
1717 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 2) at Bits The Ends of a Scatch-mouth can never fail, by reason of their being over-lapped.
1846 W. Greener Sci. Gunnery (new ed.) 149 As a brazier would overlap the edge of a tin pipe, for boys to blow peas with.
1914 N.E.D. at Splice A joining of two pieces of wood, etc., formed by overlapping and securing the ends.
1991 A. M. Emmet Sci. Names Brit. Lepidoptera 21 We now know..that geometrids can overlap their wings like the blades of a pair of scissors.
2002 Land & Water Nov.–Dec. 13/3 Each panel was overlapped onto the previous panel, and trimmed.
3.
a. transitive. To lie or be situated so as to extend over part of (a thing); to overlie (something) partially. Also figurative: to coincide partly with.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > partially
to lap on to (also over, upon)1678
overlap1726
shingle1857
the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > extend over > partially extend over
overlap1813
1726 A. Monro Anat. Humane Bones ii. 74 An Infant, one of whose Ossa parietalia overloped the other.
1726 A. Monro Anat. Humane Bones 116 These cells..are overlopp’d by the Ossa maxillaria.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Chevaler A horse is said to chevaler when in passaging upon a walk, or a trot, his far fore-leg crosses or over-laps the other fore-leg every second time or motion.
1813 S. Smith Agric. Surv. Galloway 88 (Jam.) It is essential..that the stones frequently overlap one another.
a1828 T. Bewick Mem. (1975) xxii. 188 The common Pelt balls then in use, so daubed the cut & blurred & overlapped its edges, that the impression looked disgusting.
1887 G. Saintsbury Hist. Elizabethan Lit. v. 159 These men's lives overlapped each considerably.
1939 Fortune Nov. 83/3 The ‘milk belt’ overlaps the ‘population belt’, and similarly milk production follows population in other parts of the country.
2002 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 28 June 2 Medium build, black hair, brown eyes, clean shaven, front teeth overlapping each other.
b. intransitive. To lie or be situated so as to extend over part of a thing; (of two or more things) partially to overlie one other. Also figurative: to coincide partly.
ΚΠ
1799 R. Kirwan Geol. Ess. 285 In the Pyrenees, they sometimes overlap.
1824 T. G. Cumming Illustr. Origin Rail & Tram Roads 19 The adjacent rails..are made to overlap a little.
1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxvi. 417 At the crotch or junction, these flukes slightly overlap, then sideways recede from each other like wings.
1886 W. Stubbs 17 Lect. Study Hist. xiii. 296 Three conjoint systems of jurisprudence..overlapping.
1911 R. Brooke Let. 13 Dec. (1968) 325 Ka appears some days later. James for a weekend... But some (e.g. Ka and Margery) will not overlap; so there'll not be too much of a crowd.
1980 G. Swift Sweet Shop Owner (1983) 18 The magazines and papers, spread, overlapping like roof tiles.
2002 Proteomics Weekly (Nexis) 7 Oct. 5 The beginning sequence of most peptides overlapped with the ends of others, they noted.
4. transitive. To cover and extend beyond (a thing). Also figurative: to exceed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > extend over > cover and extend beyond
overlap1802
1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xvi. 301 The upper bill of the parrot is so much hooked, and so much overlaps the lower, that [etc.].
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxii. 175 The plantigrade base of support overlapped by long hair heightens the resemblance.
1875 J. F. Clarke in N. Amer. Rev. 120 48 A demand which continually overlapped the supply.
1891 J. G. Bourke On Border with Crook 14 Since then I have had some personal acquaintance, and can aver that in naught did he overlap the truth.
1922 H. Crane Let. 29 Sept. (1965) 101 Its present length will slightly overlap two pages.
1987 Harrowsmith Nov. 51 (caption) They tried to fit a square house onto a trapezoid building lot. They had to get special permission to overlap the city's setback lines.
5. transitive. Geology. Of a formation: to extend beyond the edge of (an older underlying formation). Also (occasionally) intransitive: (of strata) to show such an extension. Cf. overlap n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [verb (transitive)] > overlap
overlap1830
1830 H. T. De la Beche Sections & Views 6 The cretaceous group has extended over a greater area than the Kimmeridge clay, overlapping the strata as on the coasts of dorset and devon.
1871 C. Lyell Elem. Geol. v. 72 Overlapping strata.—Strata are said to overlap, when the upper bed extends beyond the limits of a lower one.
1885 C. Lyell Elem. Geol. v. 69 Sediment spread over a region of subsidence has the area of deposit gradually increased, and the newest formed strata will overlap the next below them.
1904 Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 36 558 Certain Cretaceous strata overlap the peneplain in Long Island and farther south.
1988 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 327 45 The Triassic strata widespread in the Kunlun and Qiangtang Terranes commonly overlap or unconformably overlie Palaeozoic or late Precambrian strata.
6. intransitive. Sport. To create an overlap (overlap n. 6).
ΚΠ
1969 H. Hassall in Alan Ball's Internat. Soccer Ann. 91 Seldom will a full-back be fast enough to overlap.
1977 Times 26 Oct. 10/3 Clements, overlapping powerfully on the right, played a full, deep centre and Barnes's close shot was over the goalline.
1987 Sunday Tel. 5 Apr. 46/2 When the ball came back inside Scotland had overlapped everywhere.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
overlapv.2
/ˌəʊvəˈlap/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈlæp/ transitive. Of water: to lap or ripple over. Also figurative. Cf. lap v.1 4, 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > movement of waves > [verb (transitive)] > cause to ripple > ripple over
overlap1843
1843 W. E. Channing Poems 135 Beneath the endless surges of the deep, Whose green content o'erlaps them ever-more, A host of mariners perpetual sleep.
1863 A. C. Ramsay Physical Geol. & Geogr. Great Brit. (1878) xxxiv. 581 It has been so largely overlapped and worn away by succeeding waves of Celtic invasion.
1872 R. Browning Fifine lxxxi. 24 No lift of ripple to o'erlap Keel, much less, prow.
1905 A. C. Swinburne Poems 90 The wind from the dreary Sea-banks by the waves overlapped, Being weary, speaks peace.
1993 W. Baldwin Hard to catch Mercy xi. 344 Water had long since overlapped the banks and run across the streets and about the houses.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.1813v.1c1612
v.21843