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单词 serpent
释义

serpentn.

/ˈsəːpənt/
Forms: Also 1500s sarpent; Middle English–1500s plural Scottish serpens.
Etymology: < Old French (modern French) serpent = Provençal sarpent, Spanish serpiente, Italian serpente, Portuguese serpente < Latin serpent-em, serpens creeping thing (e.g. a louse), serpent, properly present participle of serpĕre to creep, cognate with Greek ἕρπειν to creep, Sanskrit sṛp to creep, crawl, sarpa creeping, crawling, snake.
1.
a. Any of the scaly limbless reptiles regarded as having the properties of hissing and ‘stinging’; Zoology a reptile of the group Ophidia n.; a snake; now, in ordinary use, applied chiefly to the larger and more venomous species; otherwise only rhetorical (e.g. in contexts suggesting senses 2, 3), or with reference to serpent-worship.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > [noun] > member of (snake)
addereOE
snakec1000
serpentc1305
boske addre1382
colubrec1480
culeuvre1481
ophidian1821
Joe Blake1927
c1305 Land Cokayne 157 Þer nis serpent, wolf no fox.
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 1497 She told eek..of the holy serpent, and the welle.
c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Tale 5 He slowe phiton þe serpent.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 57 A Serpent, which that Aspidis Is cleped.
1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys (Horstm.) iii. 835 Julyan..clepyd to hym oon wych had cunnyng Serpentys to charm.
1475 Bk. Noblesse (Roxb.) 21 He slow the serpent clepit Ydra.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) i. 16 It is desolat, ande inhabit be serpens.
1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. B Here come and sit, where neuer serpent hisses. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. vii. 24 Your Serpent of Egypt, is bred now of your mud by the operation of your Sun. View more context for this quotation
1727 J. Thomson Summer 55 The green Serpent gathers up his Train, In Orbs immense.
1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 181 The true Serpents..comprise the genera without a sternum, and in which there is no vestige of a shoulder.
1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 198 The serpent has no limbs, yet it can outclimb the monkey, outswim the fish, outleap the jerboa.
1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xix. 259 I trust neither men nor women, nor even the angels in heaven; for one of them turned serpent.
1888 J. Ruskin Præterita III. ii. 75 There used to be..harmless water serpents in the Swiss waters.
†b. A creeping thing or reptile, esp. one of a venomous or noxious kind. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by locomotion > [noun] > that creeps
wormc893
reptilea1393
serpentc1440
creeper1577
crawler1649
creepy-crawly1858
the world > animals > reptiles > [noun] > reptile
reptilea1393
serpentc1440
reptible1637
reptilian1838
reptiliform1890
the world > animals > by nature > [noun] > vermin > venomous animal
podea1325
serpentc1440
the world > animals > reptiles > [noun] > reptile > venomous
serpentc1440
tarantula1615
c1440 [see sense 5a].
1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Giij The Serpente called Salamandra, which lyueth in the fyre wythoute any hurte.
1584 B. R. tr. Herodotus Famous Hyst. ii. f. 77v Very hydeous and terrible serpents called Crocodyles.
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 10 By Serpents we vnderstand in this discourse all venomous Beasts, whether creeping without legges, as Adders and Snakes, or with legges, as Crocodiles and Lizards, or more neerely compacted bodies, as Toades, Spiders and Bees; following heerein the warrant of the best ancient Latinists.
1691 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 81 Saw Mr. Charltons collection againe, the spider & bird, scorpion, other serpents &c.
c. Applied to serpent-like animals inhabiting the sea; cf. sea-serpent n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > [noun] > aquatic animal > marine animal > with particular characteristics
leviathana1382
serpent1608
animal tree1823
blower1854
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 235 In the Germaine-Ocean there is found a Serpent about the bignesse of a mans legge.
1616 T. Adams Dis. Soule 65 One knaue guls him, hee innumerable fooles, with the strange Fish at Yarmouth, or the Serpent in Sussex.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 242 We spy'd Two Serpents rank'd abreast, the Seas divide.
1859 T. C. Grattan Civilized Amer. I. iv. 54 She saw..a huge serpent, gliding gracefully through the waves, having evidently performed the action of turning round.
d. In proverbial and allusive phrases referring to the serpent's guile, treachery, or malignancy. †the serpent's tongue, popularly supposed to be the ‘sting’; allusively used for ‘venomous’ speech; also (nonce-use) for hissing.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > treachery or treason > betrayer > [noun]
serpentc1386
proditor1436
traditora1460
betrayer1526
tradenta1626
Iscariot1647
double-crosser1888
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > treachery > [noun] > embodiment of
serpentc1386
c1386 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 286 Þe serpent þat so slyly crepith Vndyr þe gres & styngith subtyly.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. xlix. 17 Dan be maad a serpent in the weie, and cerastes in the path.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) li. 93 This fals greek whiche counseylled them allewey to theyr dammage And was alway as the serpent emonge the elis.
a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 202 Dissaitfull tyrand with serpentis tung.
1584 T. Lodge Alarum against Vsurers 10 The Gentleman surprised with this sodaine ioye, and vnacquainted good speaches (not dreading that the Serpent laye hidden in the grasse)..assented.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream Epil. 11 Now to scape the Serpents tongue, We will make amends, ere long. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. iii. 61 He is a very serpent in my way. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. v. 65 Looke like th' innocent flower, But be the Serpent vnder't. View more context for this quotation
1647 A. Cowley Heart-breaking in Mistress ii The mighty Serpent Love, Cut by this chance in pieces small, In all still liv'd, and still it stung in all.
e. A pale green fashion shade.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > light green
willow-green1672
oil-green1673
lily-green1739
celadon1768
nascent green1839
ice-green1863
eau-de-nil1870
Nile green1871
absinthe1872
reseda1874
feuille1883
mignonette1883
chartreuse1884
water-green1884
mignonette-green1888
Nile1895
serpent1895
willow1922
peppermint1930
kelly1936
1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 12/1 Plain colored Gros Grain Silk... Colors: Green, prune,..mode, serpent, tan.
1923 Daily Mail 25 June 2 In Champagne,..Jade, Serpent, Beaver.
1927 Daily Express 5 Apr. 6 Navy, Ash, Serpent, Pink.
2. The serpent, ‘more subtil than any beast of the field’, that tempted Eve (Genesis iii. 1–5); the Tempter, the Devil, Satan. Also, the Old Serpent (after Revelation xii. 9).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun]
devileOE
Beelzebubc950
the foul ghosteOE
SatanOE
warlockOE
SatanasOE
worsea1200
unwinea1225
wondc1250
quedea1275
pucka1300
serpenta1300
dragon1340
shrew1362
Apollyon1382
the god of this worldc1384
Mahoundc1400
leviathan1412
worsta1425
old enemyc1449
Ruffin1567
dismal1570
Plotcocka1578
the Wicked One1582
goodman1603
Mahu1603
foul thief1609
somebody1609
legiona1616
Lord of Flies1622
walliman1629
shaitan1638
Old Nicka1643
Nick1647
unsel?1675
old gentleman1681
old boy1692
the gentleman in black1693
deuce1694
Black Spy1699
the vicious one1713
worricow1719
Old Roger1725
Lord of the Flies1727
Simmie1728
Old Scratch1734
Old Harry1777
Old Poker1784
Auld Hornie1786
old (auld), ill thief1789
old one1790
little-good1821
Tom Walker1833
bogy1840
diabolarch1845
Old Ned1859
iniquity1899
a1300 Fall & Passion 26 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 13 A serpent he [þe deuil] com þroȝ felonie an makid eue chonge hir þoȝt.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rev. xii. 9 The greet olde serpent, that is clepid the Deuel.
1420–2 J. Lydgate Story of Thebes 4663 Lucyfer, fader of Envie, The olde Serpent, he levyathan.
?a1450 J. Lydgate Serpent of Div. (1911) 50 The contagious Serpent of Division eclipsed and appalled theire worthines.
1534 in Norwich Pageants (1856) 17 It. to Edmd Thurston playeng ye Serpent, 4d.
1555 R. Eden in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde Pref. sig. aiij The oulde serpente who hath so longe had them in hys possession.
1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 243 Being put into such a Paradise of Conserues, the Serpent of the flesh might tempt me to eate of this forbidden fruit.
1657 J. Trapp Comm. Psalms xvi. 4 It was the Serpents grammar that first taught men to decline God in the plurall number.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 454 The Serpent, Prince of aire. View more context for this quotation
1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers 31 Some Men have the Nature of the Serpent (that old Adversary) to sting, envenom and poison.
1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 79 Some, whose souls the old serpent long had drawn Down.
3. figurative.
a. As a symbol of envy, jealousy, malice, or wiliness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > jealousy or envy > [noun] > envy > symbol of envy
serpentc1374
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > symbol of
serpenta1535
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 837 Thou wikked serpent Ialousye.
1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy ii. 1066 (rubric) Howe Kynge Priamus..by þe serpente Of Envye was stirede.
a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 39/1 Suche a pestilente serpente is ambicion.
1609 D. Tuvil Vade-mecum (1629) 127 Here is Policie without Iustice, a Serpent without a Doue.
1854 T. T. Lynch Lett. to Scattered (1872) 409 Error is a siren and a serpent.
b. A treacherous, deceitful, or malicious person.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > treachery > [noun] > treacherous person
swikec1000
adderOE
traitor?c1225
Scariotc1380
murdererc1390
Judasc1405
proditor1436
cuckoo1581
Sinon1581
treachetour1590
viper1596
serpent1600
snakea1616
tradenta1626
Iscariot1647
dog1846
double-crosser1888
two-timer1927
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xxiii. 33 Ȝee sarpentis, fruytis, or buriownyngus, of eddris,..hou shulen ȝee flee fro the dom of helle?]
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 73 With doubler tongue Then thyne (thou serpent) neuer Adder stung. View more context for this quotation
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 82 Edmund I arrest thee On capitall treason, and in thine attaint, This gilded Serpent . View more context for this quotation
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xviii. 179 Mr. Pott..ground his teeth..and exclaimed, in a saw-like voice,—‘Serpent!’
1884 Christian World 15 May 366/1 The Times degraded itself..by patting these unmannerly serpents [viz. hissers] on the back.
4. A representation of a serpent, esp. as a symbol or an ornament. brazen serpent has been used allusively in reference to Numbers xxi. 9.—The figure of a serpent with its tail in its mouth is a symbol of eternity.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > [noun] > representation of specific things
lion?a1366
serpent1388
ray1461
falcon1525
arrow1548
spread eagle1550
hand in hand1583
tortoise1648
turban1687
mouthpiece1832
sun wheel1865
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > others
popinjay1322
serpent1388
moss-work1600
flame1602
frostwork1631
damask branch1634
mascaron1664
lacework1675
swash1680
branch-work1702
escallop-shella1706
festoon work1712
ovum1728
bricking1760
rising sun1787
ram's horn1842
linen-pattern1845
linen-scroll1854
wheel-rood1862
primal1875
patch ornament1878
tree1879
wheel-cross1882
skeuomorph1889
linenfold1891
taotie1915
boteh1917
pelta1935
starburst1953
quilling1972
towel-pattern-
1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 2 Kings xviii. 4 He brak the brasun serpent, whom Moyses hadde maad.
a1400 Coer de L. 5728 In his blasoun..Was i-paynted a serpent.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xx. 217 At 4 Corners of the Mountour, ben 4 Serpentes of Gold.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Num. xxi. 8 Make thou a serpent of bras. and sette thou it for a signe.
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 434 Hym happend on a tyme to lose a sakett and a thowsand talentis þerin and a serpent of gold.
1577–8 New Year's Gifts in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth (1823) II. 79 A sarpent of ophall with a ruby pendant.
1655 R. Farnworth (title) The Brazen Serpent lifted up on high, or Truth cleared and above the deceit exalted.
c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 121 A fountaine of Serpents twisting about a Globe.
1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Serpents, (in Hieroglyphicks) were used to represent Hereticks.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. x. 73/1 Mistaking the ill-cut Serpent-of-Eternity for a common poisonous Reptile.
1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xi. 145 The..daintily rounded wrist encircled by the jet serpent.
5. Astronomy.
†a. The sign of Scorpio. (? nonce-use.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > particular signs > [noun] > Scorpio
scorpionc1384
Scorpio1398
serpentc1440
c1440 Astron. Cal. (Ashm. 391) Whan þe moone is in Scorpio þt is the signe of a serpent.]
†b. The southern constellation Hydra.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > Southern constellations > [noun] > Hydra
serpent1556
hydra1559
water serpent1599
water snake1838
1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 269 The great Serpent whiche is called of the greekes and latines Hydra: it containeth 25 starres.
1674 J. Moxon Tutor to Astron. & Geogr. (ed. 3) i. iii. §10. 19 The Southern Serpent.
c. The northern constellation Serpens.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Serpens
serpent1599
1599 T. Hill Schoole of Skil i. 22 The Serpent hath 11. stars.
1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 328 Above the Scorpion, Ophiuchus and the Serpent are..visible.
6. A kind of firework which burns with a serpentine motion or flame.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > firework > [noun] > cracker or squib
squib1534
crackera1592
breaker1630
serpent1634
fizgig1647
firecracker1650
petard1668
reporter1688
riprap1709
swarmer1740
mine1769
India cracker1780
throwdown1877
whizz-bang1881
flip-flap1885
snake1891
thunderflash1943
banger1959
1634 J. Bate Myst. Nature & Art 61 The Composition for middle sized Rockets may serve for Serpents.
1666 S. Pepys Diary 6 June (1972) VII. 152 Mrs. Mercer's son had provided a great many Serpents, and so I made the women all fire some serpents.
1697–8 Act 9 Will. III c. 7 §1 Whereas much Mischief hath lately happened by throwing casting and fireing of Squibbs Serpentes Rockettes and other Fire-workes.
1763 G. Colman in Terræ Filius 5 July 8 Some queer old Gentleman may be alarmed at the..Serpents hissing at his Tail.
1830 E. Herbert in Comic Ann. 38 Wheels whiz—smash crackers—serpents twist.
1869 T. B. Aldrich Story Bad Boy viii The smaller sort of fireworks, such as pin-wheels, serpents, double-headers.
7. A bass wind instrument of deep tone, about 8 feet long, made of wood covered with leather and formed with three U-shaped turns. (The instrument, once disused, has been revived in the performance of early music.) Also, an organ stop of similar tone.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > brass instruments > [noun] > serpent or ophicleide
serpent1730
ophicleide1834
serpentcleide1851
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > reed-stop > specific
regal1555
curtal1582
trumpet1659
cremona1660
cromorne1694
hautboyc1700
horn1722
serpent1730
dulcian1773
zinke1773
trumpet stop1795
musette1825
fagotto1832
oboe1834
trombone1837
physharmonica1838
cornopean1840
ophicleide1842
posaune1843
button regal1852
shawm1852
vox angelica1852
busaun1855
bombardon1856
tuba1858
bombard1876
clarinet1876
rackett1876
tenoroon1876
clarionet1880
krummhorn1880
1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Serpent, a Kind of musical Instrument, serving as a Bass to the Cornet or small Shawm.
1775 J. Jekyll Let. 30 Apr. in Corr. (1894) i. 16 High mass..was accompanied with a variety of instruments, among which the Serpent supplies a good bass.
1838 G. F. Graham Ess. Theory & Pract. Musical Composition 12/1 The serpent is chiefly used in military music.
1852 tr. J. J. Seidel Organ & its Constr. 105 Serpent is a reed-register seldom to be met with.
1861 W. M. Thackeray Leaf out of Sketch Bk. in Wks. (1900) XIII. 644 There is a great braying and bellowing of serpents and bassoons.
1872 T. Hardy Under Greenwood Tree I. i. iv. 48 They should have stuck to strings as we did..and done away with serpents.
1928 Punch 2 May 485/1 The Serpent is a bass wind-instrument of wood, so-called from its shape.
1976 Early Music 4 477/2 We learn how Boosey and Hawkes bend brass tubes, but not why, or how, the cornett and serpent are bent.
8. Miscellaneous transferred uses: A candle of spiral form; a ‘rope’ of hair; the crank-shaft in a weaving-machine. Pharaoh's serpent: see Pharaoh's serpent n. at Pharaoh n. Compounds 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > of other shapes
serpent1802
rat's tail1834
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > loom > other parts
studdlelOE
staff1338
trendle14..
trindle1483
cylinder?a1560
harness1572
mail1731
mounture1731
leaf1807
march1807
dropbox1823
neck-twine1827
mounting1835
shaft1839
Jack1848
selvage-protector1863
serpent1878
take-up motiona1884
swell1894
1802 T. D. Fosbroke Brit. Monachism I. i. 33 On the Sunday the same ceremony followed..respecting the serpent.
1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xi. 150 Had I enjoined ‘Cut off the hair!’..at once a yard or so Had fluttered in black serpents to the floor.
1870 A. O'Shaughnessy Epic of Women 120 Through the swift mesh'd serpents of her hair.
1878 A. Barlow Hist. & Princ. Weaving 230 The crankshaft is called a ‘serpent’.
9. Historical. = serpentine n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > large or long pieces
serpentinec1450
culverin1515
headstick1516
slang1521
sling1547
basilisk1549
basilc1565
Roaring Meg1575
serpitanta1578
whole culverin1577
cannon1587
whole-cannon1589
cannon pedro1625
royal mortar1761
Long Tom1812
serpent1830
twelve-incher1909
Big Bertha1914
big boy1917
Lizzie1925
1830 D. Booth Analyt. Dict. Eng. Lang. 137 Smaller machines, having the names of Dragons, Serpents, Scorpions, War-wolves.
1895 Oman in Traill's Soc. Eng. III. 75 A couple of hundred gunners, with ten or twelve ‘serpents’ or ‘bombards’.
10.
a. Resembling a serpent or that of a serpent, serpent-like, serpentiform, serpentine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [adjective] > having many or winding curves
tortivous14..
anfractuous?a1425
tortuous1426
tortuea1500
snakish1532
winding1538
wormy1545
boughty1570
wriggled1572
sinuous1578
serpent-likea1586
crankled1594
serpent1597
snaky1600
flexuous1605
snaking1605
cringle-crangle1606
voluminous1611
serpenting?1614
serpentine1615
curvy1623
serpentizing1628
worming1631
lacinious1648
anguineous1656
anguine1657
anfractuose1680
twisting1683
vermicular1712
worm-like1721
flexuose1727
meandering1748
crinkum-crankum1766
serpentiform1777
serpentining1799
anguiform1800
ophite1828
tortuose1829
cranky1836
sinuose1836
serpentile1857
twisty1857
sinuated1859
vermiculatea1864
twinyc1868
tortive1880
crinkle-crankle1881
serpentinous1882
quirky1890
twistical1890
waggly1894
wriggly1901
squiggly1902
wiggly1903
contortionate1911
wig-waggy1914
curvaceous1965
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. ii. 72 O serpents hate, hid with a flowring face. View more context for this quotation
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island ii. ix. 19 Their serpent windings.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 302 With Serpent errour wandring. View more context for this quotation
a1718 T. Parnell Hesiod 101 Back roll'd her azure veil with serpent fold.
1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 342 He, whose practis'd wit Knew all the serpent-mazes of deceit.
1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound iii. iii. 109 It feeds the quick growth of the serpent vine.
1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. ii. v. 271 The serpent smile is your countrymen's proper distinction.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. v. iv. 247 Shaking their serpent-hair.
1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xi. 161 All the way down the serpent-stair to hell!
1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 57 Those long loops Wherethro' the serpent river coil'd.
b. Ancient History of temples, etc. having the supposed symbolical form of a serpent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [adjective] > having many or winding curves > having symbolic form of serpent
serpent1774
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (1775) I. 464 Tor-Opus, the serpent-hill, or temple.
1830 Deane Worship Serp. vi. 341 The erection of a serpent-temple, like that of Abury.
1897 Saga-bk. Viking Club Jan. 256 Whether any old serpent-mounds had been found in Iceland.

Compounds

C1.
a. Simple attributive.
(a)
serpent-bite n.
ΚΠ
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. v. i. 213 A miraculous Brazen Serpent..whereon whosoever looks,..shall be healed of all woes and serpent-bites.
serpent breed n.
ΚΠ
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (1775) I. 481 Οϕιογενεις, or the serpent-breed.
serpent-coil n.
ΚΠ
1833 L. Ritchie Wanderings by Loire 83 The serpent-coil of Laocoon.
serpent emblem n.
ΚΠ
1887 G. Salmon in W. Smith & H. Wace Dict. Christian Biogr. IV. 80/2 A religious use of the serpent emblem was common to the Phoenicians with the Egyptians.
serpent enemy n.
ΚΠ
1848 R. I. Wilberforce Doctr. Incarnation ii. 18 That by the woman's seed her serpent enemy should finally be subjugated.
serpent poison n.
ΚΠ
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 200 The potency of the serpent poison.
serpent-race n. (see ophiogenes n.)
ΚΠ
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (1775) I. 484 The natives of Thebes in Bœotia..esteemed themselves of the serpent race.
serpent skin n.
ΚΠ
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. xii. 125 A serpent skyn.
1818 J. Keats Endymion iii. 116 Where go, When I have cast this serpent-skin of woe?
serpent-slime n.
ΚΠ
1844 E. B. Barrett Drama of Exile 651 in Poems I Bring no serpent-slime Athwart this path.
serpent symbol n.
ΚΠ
1851 Squier Serpent Symbol (title) The Serpent Symbol, and the worship of the reciprocal principles of Nature in America.
serpent-tail n.
ΚΠ
1652 Mercurius Politicus No. 111. 1734 There another Kite too abroad, entitled England possessed with the Devil, wherein you are all converted again to Devils, Dogs, Serpent-tailes, King-Murtherers, Villanies, and I know not what.
serpent-train n.
ΚΠ
1769 T. Gray Ode at Installation Duke of Grafton 8 Let painted Flatt'ry hide her serpent-train in flowers.
serpent tribe n.
ΚΠ
1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 279/2 The serpent tribe.
(b) With reference to the snake-like hair of the Furies.
serpent-braid n.
ΚΠ
1813 Ld. Byron Giaour (ed. 7) 44 The sablest of the serpent-braid That o'er her fearful forehead stray'd.
serpent-fury n.
ΚΠ
1849 W. E. Aytoun Lays Sc. Cavaliers (ed. 2) 219 The serpent-furies Coiled around the maddening brain.
serpent-tress n.
ΚΠ
1791 E. Darwin Bot. Garden: Pt. I i. 217 With bright wreath of serpent-tresses crown'd,..young Medusa frown'd.
b. Objective.
serpent-bruiser n.
ΚΠ
1744 J. Wesley & C. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) i. 60 Jesu! help, thou Serpent-Bruiser.
serpent-charmer n.
ΚΠ
1861 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 2nd Ser. 289 The poor serpent-charmer never came to life again.
serpent-charming n.
ΚΠ
1861 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 2nd Ser. 279 [Hasselquist] records his judgment that there is no delusion in serpent-charming.
serpent-eating n.
ΚΠ
1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. C Foule serpent-eating envies loathsome cottage.
serpent-killer n.
ΚΠ
1647 R. Stapleton in tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs 279 The Serpent-killer, Ibis.
serpent slayer n.
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 486 That stout Serpent-Slayer, His Sathan-taming Sonne.
serpent-worship n.
ΚΠ
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (1775) I. 425 Mount Lebanon, and Hermon..where serpent-worship particularly prevailed.
1871 E. B. Tylor Primitive Culture II. 218 The old Prussian serpent-worship and offering of food to the household snakes.
serpent-worshipper n.
ΚΠ
1871 E. B. Tylor Primitive Culture II. 218 Legends of serpent-races who turn out to be simply serpent-worshippers.
serpent-worshipping n.
ΚΠ
a1875 Kingsley in C. K. Paul Memories (1899) 160 I've always thought that the serpent [in Genesis] was a serpent-worshipping black tribe.
c. Similative (cf. 10).
serpent-footed adj.
ΚΠ
1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis i. 7 The Serpent Footed Giants.
serpent-haired adj.
ΚΠ
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. iii. viii. 214 These serpent-haired Extreme She-Patriots.
serpent-hearted adj.
ΚΠ
1850 F. Mason Nat. Productions Burmah 329 Serpent-hearted eel.
serpent-rooted adj.
ΚΠ
1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 108 Seated on a serpent-rooted beech.
serpent-throated adj.
ΚΠ
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess v. 106 The blast and bray of the long horn And serpent-throated bugle.
serpent-green adj.
ΚΠ
1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 13 A serpent-green sky.
serpent-wise adv.
ΚΠ
1933 W. de la Mare Fleeting & Other Poems 144 Her eyes Stirred not a hair's breadth, serpent-wise.
d. Instrumental.
serpent-bitten adj.
ΚΠ
1629 H. Burton Truth's Triumph 63 The serpent-bitten-man looked, and liued.
serpent-cinctured adj.
ΚΠ
1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound i. i. 35 A serpent-cinctured wand [sc. the caduceus].
serpent-circled adj.
ΚΠ
1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad xlii. 63 With..feet that fly on feathers, And serpent-circled wand.
serpent-stung adj.
ΚΠ
1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 118 His bright bride Though serpent-stung.
e.
serpent-tail v. (cf. serpentine adj. 1b).
ΚΠ
1872 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera II. xxiv. 12 It is necessary to serpent-tail this pit with the upper hell by a district for insanity without deed.
f.
serpent-wise adv.
ΚΠ
1927 E. Sitwell Rustic Elegies 40 The wicked knife flashed serpent-wise.
C2.
a. Special combinations.
serpent-bearer n. = Ophiuchus n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ophiucus
Ophiuchus1556
serpent-bearer1556
Serpentarius1728
1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 264 Serpentarius, that is the manne with the Serpente, or Serpent bearer.
1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 273/1 Serpens..astronomically distinguished from Ophiuchus, but not mythologically, being the serpent carried by the Serpent-bearer.
serpent bird n. a bird of the family Plotidæ = darter n. 4a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Pelecaniformes > [noun] > member of family Anhingidae (darter)
anhinga1769
snake-bird1791
darter1825
serpent bird1870
Colorado or water-turkeya1889
1870 P. Gillmore tr. L. Figuier Reptiles & Birds 263 The Darter..in the United States..has received the name of the Serpent Bird.
serpent-boat n. a canoe of great length used on the Malabar coast (Ogilvie, 1882).
serpent cucumber n. a cucumber of the genus Trichosanthes, having long serpent-like fruit, esp. T. colubrina.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > cucumber > cucumber plant
cucumber1382
serpent cucumber1760
serpent melon1779
ridge cucumber1830
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 326 Serpent Cucumber, Trichosanthes.
serpent deity n. = serpent-god n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > specific thing as > animal as > serpent as
serpent deity1774
serpent-god1816
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (1775) I. 428 When the Greeks understood that in these temples people worshiped a serpent Deity, they concluded that Trachon was a serpent.
serpent eagle n. a bird of prey of the genus Spilornis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > eagles > other types of
duck-eagle1731
eagle-hawk1829
martial eagle1829
lammervanger1830
serpent eagle187.
187. Cassell's Nat. Hist. III. 284 The Indian Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela).
serpent-eater n. (a) the secretary bird; (b) the markhor.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > [noun] > family Sagittariidae (secretary bird)
serpent-eater1731
secretary1781
secretary bird1781
crane-vulture1885
Serpentarius1893
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Caprinae (goat) > [noun] > genus Capra > capra falconeri (markhor)
serpent-eater1840
markhor1867
1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 142 The Cape Europeans call this Bird the Serpent-Eater.
1819 J. F. Stephens Shaw's Gen. Zool. XI. 193 Hoatzin Serpent-Eater.
1840 G. T. Vigne Narr. Visit Afghanistan 86 I procured a good skin of the markhur, or serpent-eater.
serpent-eel n. a marine animal of the genus Ophichthys.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > subdivision Teleostei > [noun] > order Anguilliformes > member of genus Ophichthys (snake-eel)
serpent-eel1896
1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. x. 449 Serpent-eels are represented by a great number of species.
serpent-fence n. ‘a zigzag fence made by placing the ends of the rails upon each other’ (Ogilvie).
serpent-fish n. the red snake-fish, Cepola rubescens.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > [noun] > order Lampridiformes > member of genus Cepola (ribbon-fish)
shelp1553
swathe-fish1668
riband fish1751
serpent-fish1753
snake-fish1796
ribbonfish1798
red snakefish1823
red bandfish1828
band-fish1836
red ribbon fish1838
onion-fish1854
red ribbon1858
tape-fish1885
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Serpens rubescens, the red serpent fish,..properly of the tænia kind.
serpent-god n. a serpent worshipped as a god; the object of worship of the Ophites.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > specific thing as > animal as > serpent as
serpent deity1774
serpent-god1816
1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1818) II. xxii. 273 Their wonder would have been diminished, and their serpent-gods undeified.
1873 R. H. Busk Sagas from Far East 18 A pool where lived two Serpent-gods, who had command of the water.
serpent-king n. a name given to Cecrops, who is represented with a body terminating in a serpent form.
ΚΠ
1855 C. Kingsley Theseus in Heroes i Kekrops the serpent-king.
serpent-lizard n. = seps n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Scincidae > member of (skink) > miscellaneous types of
seps1763
serpent-lizard1802
1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. 307 Serpent Lizard.
serpent melon n. = serpent cucumber n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > cucumber > cucumber plant
cucumber1382
serpent cucumber1760
serpent melon1779
ridge cucumber1830
1779 Ann. Reg. 1778 192 There is now growing..in Lancashire a serpent melon which measures in length five feet two inches and an half.
serpent paper n. [= French papier (à la) serpente] a very thin transparent paper having a serpent for the water-mark.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > transparent paper
serpent paper1797
onion peel1868
Japanese tissue1900
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > [noun] > having specific watermark
hand-paper1794
serpent paper1797
1797 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 715/2 The manner of preparing this [oiled] paper is to take that which is thin and smooth, known commonly by the name of serpent paper.
serpent-star n. an ophiuran.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Ophiuroidea > member of
Ophiura1837
brittlestar1841
sand-star1841
serpent-star1851
ophiuran1864
spinigrade1864
ophiurid1869
ophiuroid1870
ophiure1890
1851 G. A. Mantell Petrifactions ii. § i. 82 Asteridæ (named Ophiura or Serpent-stars).
† serpent-tongue n. Obsolete a jeweller's ornament in the shape of a snake's tongue.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > jewellery of specific shape or form > [noun]
ringOE
beec1009
languet1378
Collar of SS., S's, or Esses1406
tablet?a1425
fetterlock1463
serpent-tongue1488
triangle1529
flory1530
gorget1570
medal1578
tablet jewel1599
sprig1602
bracelet1624
medallion1658
croisette1688
torques1693
scarabaeus1775
crosslet1802
torque1834
teardrop1870
scarab1878
scaraboid1879
scarabaeoid1887
squash blossom1923
clip1937
1488 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 81 A grete serpent toung set with gold, perle and precious stanis.
serpent-wand n. the caduceus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Hermes or Mercury > wand of
wandc1407
caduceus1591
serpent-wand1849
1849 W. E. Aytoun Lays Sc. Cavaliers (ed. 2) 277 I have seen the robes of Hermes glisten—Seen him wave afar his serpent-wand.
serpent-withe n. Aristolochia odoratissima.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > birthwort > [noun]
Aristolochiaa1398
astrologiaa1425
round aristolochia?a1425
Saracen's mint1526
sarazine1526
heartwort1548
round heartwort1548
birthwort1551
round birthwort1551
Saracen's herb1585
Saracen's birth-wort1597
clematite1712
swan-plant1841
serpent-withe1864
1864 A. H. R. Grisebach Flora Brit. W. Indian Islands 787 Serpent-withe.
† serpent-wood n. Obsolete the wood of Strychnos colubrina or some related plant.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > wood of other specific trees
thornc1330
poplara1450
asp1551
angelin1670
dogwood1670
serpent-wood1681
locust wood1742
canarium1776
stave-wood1778
lacewood1803
Canary wood1820
chestnut1823
brier-wood1868
jasmine-wood1870
angelique1873
sakura1911
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis ii. §i. i. 180 A piece of Serpent-Wood. Lignum Colubrinum.
b. Combinations with serpent's.
serpent's beard n. Ophiopogon japonicus (Treas. Bot. 1874).
serpent's head n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Siphonostomata > family Cypraeidae > member of (cowrie)
Venus-shell1589
Venus-winkle1601
wart-gowry?1711
nipple cowry1713
smallpox1759
cowrie1777
serpent's skull1795
Arabian cowrie1804
mouse1815
sea-louse1815
serpent's head1815
wasp1815
niggerhead1895
1815 S. Brookes Introd. Conchol. 156 Serpents Head. Cypræa Caput serpentis.
serpent's skull n. names for species of cowry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Siphonostomata > family Cypraeidae > member of (cowrie)
Venus-shell1589
Venus-winkle1601
wart-gowry?1711
nipple cowry1713
smallpox1759
cowrie1777
serpent's skull1795
Arabian cowrie1804
mouse1815
sea-louse1815
serpent's head1815
wasp1815
niggerhead1895
1795 C. R. Hopson tr. C. P. Thunberg Trav. (ed. 2) II. 82 Small shells, called serpents skulls (Cypræa moneta).
serpent's tongue n. †(a) = adder's tongue n.; (b) the fossil tooth of a shark.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > adder's tongue
adder's tongue1548
serpent's tongue1578
Ophioglossum1583
adder's spear1714
the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > member of (shark) > parts of
serpent's tongue1578
mermaid's purse1700
spiracle1796
sea purse1836
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xciii. 135 [Ophioglosson] is now called..in English, Adders tongue, & Serpents tonge.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 720 A kind of stone called the serpents toong.
1835 D. Booth Analyt. Dict. Eng. Lang. 284 The fossil bodies called Glossopetræ (petrified tongues) and Serpents' Tongues.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† serpentadj.

Etymology: < Latin serpent-em, present participle of serpĕre to creep.
Obsolete.
Of an ulcer: Spreading.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [adjective] > abscess > ulcer > qualities of
virulentc1400
wrootingc1400
fraudulent?1541
serpent?1541
walkripe1585
lachrymous1617
phagedaenical1635
phagedaenic1656
phagedaenous1659
cacoethic1684
feeding1750
indolent1826
resolutive1837
nomadic1842
?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Gij, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens Serpent vlceres & other affections yt maketh the vlceres long in healyng.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

serpentv.

Etymology: < French serpenter (14th cent.), < serpent serpent n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈserpent.
Now rare.
1.
a. intransitive. To move in a serpentine manner; to follow a tortuous course; to wind.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > change direction of movement [verb (intransitive)] > move in winding course
to turn and winda1398
wreathea1500
twine1553
indent1567
virea1586
crank1594
to dance the hay or hays1600
maze1605
serpent1606
to indent the way1612
cringlea1629
indenture1631
circumgyre1634
twist1635
glomerate1638
winda1682
serpentine1767
meander1785
zigzag1787
zag1793
to worm one's way1822
vandyke1828
crankle1835
thread the needle1843
switchback1903
rattlesnake1961
zig1969
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > writhe or twist [verb (intransitive)] > move sinuously
wrinkle1565
wringle1596
erch1601
worm1610
serpent1818
snake1902
1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 30 The banks of Forth (Whose force-full stream runs smoothly serpenting).
1679 J. Evelyn Sylva (ed. 3) 78 [Poplars] in Italy, for their Vines to serpent on.
a1706 J. Evelyn Hist. Relig. (1850) I. 28 Rivers and larger streams; made to serpent in meandering crooks.
1746 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 58 One sees a Light serpenting all along the Tube.
1818 J. Keats Endymion iii. 129 Shapes, wizard and brute, Laughing, and wailing, groveling, serpenting.
figurative.1840 C. J. Lever Charles O'Malley xvii, in Dublin Univ. Mag. June 681/1 So did Mr. Webber tread his way, serpenting through the statute-book.
b. To make (one's way) tortuously.
ΚΠ
1891 Sat. Rev. 23 May 620/2 Serpenting their way through the dry grass.
†2. transitive. To entwine. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [verb (transitive)] > coil round (something)
enlacec1374
whipc1500
wreathe1509
enwrap1578
circumvolute1599
twine1602
ingyre1610
wrap?1611
wire1645
serpenta1660
whirl1676
convolute1698
intertwine1717
entwine1796
overtwinea1817
enwind1849
warplea1870
a1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 324 Fruit-trees, whose boles are serpented with excellent Vines.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.a1300adj.?1541v.1606
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