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单词 segregate
释义

segregateadj.n.

/ˈsɛɡrɪɡeɪt/
Etymology: < Latin sēgregātus, past participle of sēgregāre : see segregate v.
A. adj.
1. Separated, set apart, isolated. Now rare.In early use often †as past participle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [adjective] > separated or cut off from > separated from main body
segregate1426
segregated1652
1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 9399 The Body..Whan yt ys fro the segregat, Dysseueryd & separat.
c1508 Lyf St. Ursula (de Worde) sig. A.iv So were the nobles from brytayne segregate.
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 428/1 Those holye consecrate companyes, the tone segregate from paynims by the sacrament of baptysme, the tother segregate fro the laye peple by the sacrament of order.
1538 Bp. J. Longland Serm. Good Frydaye sig. C.ivv He was Segregatus a peccatoribus clene segregate from all kynde of vnclennes.
1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa iii. ii. 279 Two or three Cardinals, segregate from the other Factions.
1685 R. Baxter Paraphr. New Test. 2 Cor. vi. 17–18 A holy people segregate to the Lord.
1865 Spectator 14 Jan. 32 It is true they have been celebrating their defeat..in a more morose and segregate manner than is here suggested.
2. spec. (Zoology, Botany, etc.). Separated (wholly or partially) from the parent or from one another; not aggregated.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > growth, movement, or curvature of parts > [adjective] > cohering or not cohering
free1757
solute1760
connate1785
segregate1793
cohering1796
adherent1806
adnate1830
coherent1830
adglutinate1831
accrete1832
coadunate1839
inapplicate1855
coadnate1866
inseparate1880
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [adjective] > separated or not aggregated
segregate1793
the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in interrelationship > [adjective] > aggregate or colony > not aggregated
segregate1793
1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. R4 Segregate Polygamy... When several florets comprehended within a common calyx are furnished also with their proper perianths.
1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes iv. 82 Segregate, when the buds are separate from the parent, except at base, each forming a distinct shoot or branch.
1882–4 M. C. Cooke Brit. Fresh-water Algæ I. 29 Either single, segregate, or associated in families.
B. n.
1. Mathematics. One of a smallest select aggregate of products of irreducible covariants which suffices to provide by linear combination all covariants of every degree and order.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > algebra > [noun] > expression > function > covariance or covariant
Jacobian1852
covariant1853
Hessian1856
transmutant1858
transvectant1876
covariance1878
segregate1878
covariancy1895
1878 A. Cayley Coll. Math. Papers X. 339 The effect of this was to enable me to establish for any given degree in the co~efficients and order in the variables..a selected system of powers and products of the covariants, say a system of ‘segregates’.
1878 A. Cayley Coll. Math. Papers X. 345 The terms in the expansion of the R.G.F. [i.e. Real Generating Function] may be called ‘segregates’, and the terms not in the expansion ‘congregates’.
2. Botany. (See quot. 1900.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > variety or species > [noun] > types of
stroller1723
natural order1785
subvariety1785
line1805
alliance1835
aggregate1859
stirps1866
segregate1871
cultigen1918
agamospecies1929
1871 Britten in Trans. Newbury Field Club I. 36 In this first enumeration aggregate species only..are entered; the segregates being noticed in the second..list.
1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms (at cited word) A Segregate is a species separated from a super-species.

Derivatives

ˈsegregateness n.
ΚΠ
1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. i. 34.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

segregatev.

/ˈsɛɡrɪɡeɪt/
Forms: Also 1500s–1600s segregat.
Etymology: < Latin sēgregāt-, participial stem of sēgregāre to separate from the flock, hence to set apart, isolate, divide, < sē- (see se- prefix) + greg-, grex flock.
1.
a. transitive. To separate (a person, a body or class of persons) from the general body, or from some particular class; to set apart, isolate, seclude.In early use often with allusion to the Vulgate renderings of Hebrews vii. 26, segregatus a peccatoribus, and of Jude 19, qui segregant semetipsos.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > separate or isolate [verb (transitive)]
shedOE
depart1297
externec1420
deforce1430
sequesterc1430
enstrange1483
estrange1523
separate1526
alienate1534
segregate1542
foreign1598
excommunicate1602
stranger1608
dissociate1623
discorporate1695
disincorporate1701
atomize1895
twine1895
ghetto1936
1542 T. Becon Newes out of Heauen sig. G.j Your Bysshop shalbe godly, innocent, fautles, segregated from synners.
1552 H. Latimer Serm. 5th Sunday Epiph. (1584) 322 So the Anabaptistes in our time..segregated themselues from the companye of other men.
a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 27 This is the cause wherfore he will haue his flocke segregated from the wicked.
1582 Bible (Rheims) Jude 19 These are they which segregate them selves, sensual, having not the Spirit.
1602 T. Fitzherbert Def. Catholyke Cause 54 The Apostles..were commanded by the holy ghost to segregat Paul and Barnabas.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 891 Nature absolutely Dissociates and Segregates men from one another, by reason of the Inconsistency of those Appetites of theirs.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xiii. ii. 10 He rambled about some Time, before he could even find his Way to those happy Mansions, where Fortune segregates from the Vulgar, those magnanimous Heroes. View more context for this quotation
1799 S. T. Coleridge Let. 6 May in M. E. Sandford T. Poole & his Friends (1888) I. 299 But dear Wordsworth appears to me to have hurtfully segregated and isolated his being.
1852 Ld. Cockburn Life Jeffrey I. 200 Certain peculiarities, or habits, which segregated him from the whole human race.
1885 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 14 178 Mr. Newitt has..segregated himself from Mr. Saffery in the trust.
1904 D. P. Hughes Life H. P. Hughes (1907) xxii. 632 That innate instinct which ever aimed at uniting, not segregating groups of Christians.
b. To subject (people) to racial segregation; to enforce racial segregation in (a community, institution, etc.). Cf. desegregate v., integrate v. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > racial attitudes > [verb (transitive)] > discriminate against or segregate
segregate1908
1908 R. S. Baker Following Colour Line iii. xiv. 299 All through my former chapters I have been showing how the Negroes are being segregated. So are the Chinese segregated, and the blacks in South Africa.
1930 Economist 27 Sept. 563/1 It is not surprising that a South African Nationalist politician should..proclaim his preference for his own party's policy of ‘segregating’ the natives and safeguarding ‘the natural superiority’ of the whites.
1948 Rep. Native Laws Comm. 1946–8 (Dept. Native Affairs, S. Afr.) 33/1 This effect was accentuated by the policy which sought to segregate the Africans as far as possible in specially demarcated ‘Reserves’.
1958 N.Y. Post 20 Apr. 11. 7/3 I guess the DAR is not so much for segregating the colored as it is against doing you-know-what with them.
2.
a. To separate or isolate (one thing from others or one portion from the remainder); to place in a group apart from the rest; esp. Chemistry, Geology, etc. (of natural agencies) to separate out and collect (certain particular constituents of a compound or mixture). In scientific classification: To remove (certain species) etc. from a group and place them apart.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from main body
skillc1175
to tell outc1325
shillc1440
sequestrate1513
sorta1535
shoal1571
segregate1579
dismember1580
single1582
scatter1588
disgregate1593
recond1608
sepone1619
sequester1625
canton1653
to cantonize outa1670
portion1777
to set off1795
to comb out1854
distinguish1866
split1924
hive off1931
section1960
separate1962
the world > life > biology > taxonomy > [verb (transitive)] > remove from a group and place apart
segregate1691
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from main body > an element from a substance or mixture
extract1594
separate1617
sever1626
segregate1691
1579 W. Fulke Confut. Treat. N. Sander in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 662 Christe vouchsafed to segregate it from other wood, to make it the instrument of his passion.
1625 T. Jackson Treat. Originall of Vnbeliefe v. xxxiv The prototype is conspicuous in the image, it is not segregated from it.
1691 E. Taylor J. Behmen's Theosophick Philos. 73 Like a Refiner's fire which segregates Metals.
1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §190 The pure fire is to be discerned by it's effects alone; such as..the segregating heterogeneous bodies, and congregating those that are homogeneous.
1831 D. E. Williams Life Sir T. Lawrence I. 167 Had these superb paintings been segregated in a national gallery.
1872 W. S. Symonds Rec. Rocks x. 360 The limestone must have been segregated in deeper and tranquil waters.
1872 C. King Mountaineering in Sierra Nevada vii. 134 By an Act of Congress, the Yosemite Valley had been segregated from the public domain.
1874 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces (ed. 6) 100 The energy of the rays having been used up in decomposing the carbonic acid. The carbon thus segregated by the sun's rays is ready to give out heat and light, whenever it may be recombined with oxygen.
1911 Q. Rev. Jan. 290 In a true reference to the people the issue would be segregated.
b. Mining. (U.S.) See quot. 1881.
ΚΠ
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 173 Segregate, Pac. To separate the undivided joint owership of a mining claim into smaller individual ‘segregated’ claims.
3.
a. intransitive for reflexive. To separate from a main body or mass and collect in one place.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > separate [verb (intransitive)]
dealc1000
to make separationc1450
to break up1535
diverta1575
disjoina1642
unherd1661
separate1690
to cut (also slip) the painter1699
enisle1852
segregate1863
bust1880
isolate1988
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate, come, or go apart [verb (intransitive)] > separate from main body
single1616
separate1844
disaggregate1852
segregate1863
hive off1937
1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons I. vii. 279 The Mauhés are considered..to be a branch of the great Mundurucú nation, having segregated from them at a remote period.
1870 R. A. Proctor Other Worlds than Ours xi. 261 Whether clusters of them will eventually segregate from their neighbours..it is as yet..impossible to judge.
1877 Fraser's Mag. 16 401 Most of the provinces had segregated into independent principalities.
b. Genetics. To undergo or display segregation (sense 1e).
ΚΠ
1904 W. Bateson et al. in Rep. Evol. Comm. Royal Soc. II. 120 The fern-leaved type is recessive to the palm~leaved, segregating from it perfectly.
1905 R. C. Punnett Mendelism (1907) 23 The characters are said to segregate in the gametes.
1909 R. H. Lock Variation, Heredity, & Evol. iii. 216 A considerable number of cases were formerly described in which the first cross or heterozygote of F1 bred true instead of segregating in F2.
1930 R. A. Fisher Genetical Theory Nat. Selection i. 9 Mendel also demonstrated what a theorist could scarcely have ventured to postulate, that the different factors examined by him in combination, segregated in the simplest possible manner, namely independently.
1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XIV. 775/1 The once-separate genes have been brought together..to produce a tightly packed unit of several genes sufficiently near each other on the chromosome that they segregate together.

Derivatives

ˈsegregated adj. spec. of institutions, groups, etc.: divided or separated on the basis of race (cf. 1b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [adjective] > separated or cut off from > separated from main body
segregate1426
segregated1652
society > society and the community > social attitudes > racial attitudes > [adjective] > racist > segregated
all-coloured1914
segregated1948
1652 News from Lowe Countreys 1 Those four segregated forms.
1855 J. Phillips Man. Geol. 513 We may collect masses of true granite,..compact felspars, and many other segregated varieties.
1874 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 518 That the extensions, bought by Raymond..were..on segregated ground far to the south.
1948 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 5 Aug. 1/8 This will be an integrated rather than a segregated operation.
1956 N.Y. Times 1 Oct. Approximately 2,400,000 Negro and 6,500,000 white pupils remained in segregated classes. Integrated school districts numbered 780; segregated numbered 3,000.
1958 Listener 11 Dec. 982/1 Nine-tenths of the Negro children in the whole Southern region still go to segregated schools.
1960 Guardian 22 Mar. 13/7 San Antonio, Texas, launched its campaign against segregated lunch-counters.
1971 Graphic (Durban) 7 May 4/5 You are the future Black citizens of this segregated Republic.
ˈsegregating adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [adjective]
sundry1564
discerning1574
singlinga1593
severing1597
sundering1624
segregatinga1628
separating1647
separatory1715
disparting1730
disseveringa1822
a1628 J. Preston New Covenant (1629) vii. 221 My Word is as fire; It is a segregating thing, that differenceth, and puts a separation betweene the scum, and the liquor.
1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby II. iv. x. 139 To the segregating genius of their great Lawgiver, Sidonia ascribed the fact that they had not been long ago absorbed among those mixed races.
1855 J. R. Leifchild Cornwall: Mines & Miners 127 By the segregating power of electric action.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
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adj.n.1426v.1542
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