blackwoodn.¹

Brit.

/ˈblakwʊd/, U.S.

/ˈblækˌwʊd/

Forms: see black adj. and wood n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., wood n.¹

Etymology: < black adj. + wood n.¹ Compare scientific Latin melanoxylon (from 1806 as a specific epithet; 1813 in Acacia melanoxylon).

1. Any of various trees having dark coloured wood; esp. an Australian acacia, Acacia melanoxylon, of eastern Australia and Tasmania, and the Indian rosewood, Dalbergia latifolia of tropical Asia. Also: the timber of any of these trees. Also with distinguishing word.African blackwood: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > names applied to various trees

blackwood1625

1625 tr. J. Bermudes Briefe Relat. Embassage v, in S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. vii. vii. 1167 In this Countrey is great store of Ciuet, Sandalos, Blacke Wood and Amber.

1631 J. Speed Prospect most Famous Parts World 43 Cedars, Palmetoes, Black-wood, White-wood.

1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 621 The..Blackwood of those of Barbados.

1779 T. Forrest Voy. New Guinea 381 They carry to China great quantities of blackwood, which is worked up there into furniture, &c.

1790 J. Hunter Hist. Jrnl. Trans. Port Jackson (1793) xv. 390 The live-oak, yellow-wood, black-wood, and beech, are all of a close grain.

1835 Ross's Hobart Town Almanack & Van Diemen's Land Ann. 62 Acacia melanoxylon. Lightwood. Blackwood. This tree obtains its first name from the gravity of its wood, the second from its colour.

1883 M. E. Braddon Golden Calf xi. 144 The pretty carved Indian tea-table—a gem in Bombay blackwood.

1900 C. G. Rogers Man. Forest Engin. India I. 86 Dalbergia latifolia (Blackwood). This is a fine grained, hard, strong, heavy wood.

1920 F. C. Pellet Amer. Honey Plants 39 Black mangrove (Avicennia nitida) is also known as blackwood, or blacktree. It is an evergreen tree growing along the seashores of the coast of Florida.

1996 J. Brown Hong Kong & Macau: Rough Guide (ed. 3) 163 The rooms..display traditional farming implements, some beautiful blackwood furniture, as well as more ordinary chairs.

2005 D. Burke Compl. Burke's Backyard 346 The blackwood is a long-lived tree valuable for its shade, appearance and fine timber.

†2. North American. Evergreen trees, pine trees. Cf. black growth n. at black adj. and n. Compounds 1e(a). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > wood or growth

blackwood1806

black growth1815

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [adjective] > of or relating to growth or assemblage of

blackwood1840

1806 R. Houston Let. 8 Jan. in J. Williamson Hist. City Belfast State Maine (1877) vii. 108 The land is Not so good for farms, the growth mostly blackwood.

1840 P. H. Gosse Canad. Naturalist 6 The black-wood or evergreen trees being in thick foliage, while the hard-wood or deciduous trees are leafless and open to the light.

1848 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms Black wood, hemlock, pine, spruce, and fir.

1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 420 Black Wood is, in the Northern States, used as a generic term for the evergreens, hemlock, pine, spruce, and fir.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Blackwoodn.²

Brit.

/ˈblakwʊd/, U.S.

/ˈblækˌwʊd/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Blackwood.

Etymology: < the name of Easley F. Blackwood (1903–92), American contract bridge player, who devised the system.

Bridge.

1. attributive. Designating a bidding system devised by Easley Blackwood whereby a bid of four no trumps is used as an asking bid to which the partner's reply in five of a suit shows the number of aces that he or she holds. Frequently in Blackwood convention.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > actions or tactics > call > bidding > systems of bidding

majority calling1927

value calling1927

Culbertson1929

Blackwood convention1937

Acol system1938

McKenney convention1939

Stayman1952

Nottingham1954

Blackwood1958

1937 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 18 July S-5/2 The Yale team..used the Blackwood convention most effectively. This convention deals with responses to four notrumps.

1953 Life 24 Aug. 30/3 Visioning a slam, Rosen used Blackwood convention, bid four no trump, thus asking Ellenby how many aces he held.

1983 T. Reese & D. Bird Bridge (1985) vii. 88 The standard set of Blackwood responses is wasteful of space.

2002 B. Seagram & R. Lee Pocket Guide Bridge vi. 45/1 One of the most widely used, and one of the earliest invented, is the Blackwood convention, in which a bid of 4NT asks about the number of aces in partner's hand.

2. This bidding system.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > actions or tactics > call > bidding > systems of bidding

majority calling1927

value calling1927

Culbertson1929

Blackwood convention1937

Acol system1938

McKenney convention1939

Stayman1952

Nottingham1954

Blackwood1958

1958 Listener 16 Oct. 611/2 Assuming the use of Blackwood, my auction would be [etc.].

1998 Eng. Bridge Aug. 21/1 Now I am going to suggest that there are times when it might be sensible to use 4NT in the middle of a cue-bidding sequence—but to agree that it is not Blackwood.

2002 B. Seagram & R. Lee Pocket Guide Bridge vi. 45/1 A 4NT bid is only Blackwood when a trump suit has been agreed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	blackwood
释义	blackwoodn.¹ Brit. /ˈblakwʊd/, U.S. /ˈblækˌwʊd/ Forms: see black adj. and wood n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., wood n.¹ Etymology: < black adj. + wood n.¹ Compare scientific Latin melanoxylon (from 1806 as a specific epithet; 1813 in Acacia melanoxylon). 1. Any of various trees having dark coloured wood; esp. an Australian acacia, Acacia melanoxylon, of eastern Australia and Tasmania, and the Indian rosewood, Dalbergia latifolia of tropical Asia. Also: the timber of any of these trees. Also with distinguishing word.African blackwood: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > names applied to various trees blackwood1625 1625 tr. J. Bermudes Briefe Relat. Embassage v, in S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. vii. vii. 1167 In this Countrey is great store of Ciuet, Sandalos, Blacke Wood and Amber. 1631 J. Speed Prospect most Famous Parts World 43 Cedars, Palmetoes, Black-wood, White-wood. 1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 621 The..Blackwood of those of Barbados. 1779 T. Forrest Voy. New Guinea 381 They carry to China great quantities of blackwood, which is worked up there into furniture, &c. 1790 J. Hunter Hist. Jrnl. Trans. Port Jackson (1793) xv. 390 The live-oak, yellow-wood, black-wood, and beech, are all of a close grain. 1835 Ross's Hobart Town Almanack & Van Diemen's Land Ann. 62 Acacia melanoxylon. Lightwood. Blackwood. This tree obtains its first name from the gravity of its wood, the second from its colour. 1883 M. E. Braddon Golden Calf xi. 144 The pretty carved Indian tea-table—a gem in Bombay blackwood. 1900 C. G. Rogers Man. Forest Engin. India I. 86 Dalbergia latifolia (Blackwood). This is a fine grained, hard, strong, heavy wood. 1920 F. C. Pellet Amer. Honey Plants 39 Black mangrove (Avicennia nitida) is also known as blackwood, or blacktree. It is an evergreen tree growing along the seashores of the coast of Florida. 1996 J. Brown Hong Kong & Macau: Rough Guide (ed. 3) 163 The rooms..display traditional farming implements, some beautiful blackwood furniture, as well as more ordinary chairs. 2005 D. Burke Compl. Burke's Backyard 346 The blackwood is a long-lived tree valuable for its shade, appearance and fine timber. †2. North American. Evergreen trees, pine trees. Cf. black growth n. at black adj. and n. Compounds 1e(a). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > wood or growth blackwood1806 black growth1815 the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [adjective] > of or relating to growth or assemblage of blackwood1840 1806 R. Houston Let. 8 Jan. in J. Williamson Hist. City Belfast State Maine (1877) vii. 108 The land is Not so good for farms, the growth mostly blackwood. 1840 P. H. Gosse Canad. Naturalist 6 The black-wood or evergreen trees being in thick foliage, while the hard-wood or deciduous trees are leafless and open to the light. 1848 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms Black wood, hemlock, pine, spruce, and fir. 1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 420 Black Wood is, in the Northern States, used as a generic term for the evergreens, hemlock, pine, spruce, and fir. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Blackwoodn.² Brit. /ˈblakwʊd/, U.S. /ˈblækˌwʊd/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Blackwood. Etymology: < the name of Easley F. Blackwood (1903–92), American contract bridge player, who devised the system. Bridge. 1. attributive. Designating a bidding system devised by Easley Blackwood whereby a bid of four no trumps is used as an asking bid to which the partner's reply in five of a suit shows the number of aces that he or she holds. Frequently in Blackwood convention. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > actions or tactics > call > bidding > systems of bidding majority calling1927 value calling1927 Culbertson1929 Blackwood convention1937 Acol system1938 McKenney convention1939 Stayman1952 Nottingham1954 Blackwood1958 1937 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 18 July S-5/2 The Yale team..used the Blackwood convention most effectively. This convention deals with responses to four notrumps. 1953 Life 24 Aug. 30/3 Visioning a slam, Rosen used Blackwood convention, bid four no trump, thus asking Ellenby how many aces he held. 1983 T. Reese & D. Bird Bridge (1985) vii. 88 The standard set of Blackwood responses is wasteful of space. 2002 B. Seagram & R. Lee Pocket Guide Bridge vi. 45/1 One of the most widely used, and one of the earliest invented, is the Blackwood convention, in which a bid of 4NT asks about the number of aces in partner's hand. 2. This bidding system. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > actions or tactics > call > bidding > systems of bidding majority calling1927 value calling1927 Culbertson1929 Blackwood convention1937 Acol system1938 McKenney convention1939 Stayman1952 Nottingham1954 Blackwood1958 1958 Listener 16 Oct. 611/2 Assuming the use of Blackwood, my auction would be [etc.]. 1998 Eng. Bridge Aug. 21/1 Now I am going to suggest that there are times when it might be sensible to use 4NT in the middle of a cue-bidding sequence—but to agree that it is not Blackwood. 2002 B. Seagram & R. Lee Pocket Guide Bridge vi. 45/1 A 4NT bid is only Blackwood when a trump suit has been agreed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹1625n.²1937
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blackwoodn.1

Blackwoodn.2

blackwoodn.¹

Blackwoodn.²