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单词 scutellum
释义

scutellumn.

Brit. /skjuːˈtɛləm/, U.S. /sk(j)uˈtɛləm/
Forms: Plural scutella.
Etymology: modern Latin; apparently in origin a supposed correction of scutella (see scutella n.), due to the notion that this was a diminutive of Latin scūtum shield; the applications are based on the rendering ‘little shield’. The correct Latin diminutive of scūtum was scūtulum , which some modern scientific writers have adopted as a basis for derivatives, using, e.g., scutulate adj. instead of scutellate.
1. Botany.
a. (See quots.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > part(s) of
pelt1759
pelta1760
scutellum1760
scyphus1777
shield1796
podetium1814
apothecium1830
cistella1832
rhizine1832
scypha1832
soredium1836
amphigastria1842
gonidium1845
macrogonidium1853
hypothallus1855
crustaceous lichens1856
pycnide1856
perianth1857
isidium1866
thamnium1866
endospore1875
perigynium1882
pseudocyphella1882
thecium1882
parathecium1921
soralium1921
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. iii. xxii. 222 Scutellum, a small Buckler, which is a concave orbiculate Fructification, the Margin of which is elevated on every Side.
1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. R3v Scutellum, an orbicular concave fructification (in some Lichens).
1866 in J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot.
b. An anterior cotyledon in certain grasses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > part of
bladec1450
grass root1474
bent1577
chat1601
grasstop1659
knee1678
locusta1707
straw1776
spikelet1793
strap1793
sheath-scale1796
spiket1796
stragule1821
scutellum1832
scobina1839
rachilla1842
chaff-scale1856
coleorhiza1866
hypoblast1882
lemma1906
1832 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. i. ii. 191 In wheat there is a second small cotyledon on the outside of the embryo, inserted a little lower down than the scutelliform cotyledon. This last is called scutellum by Gærtner, who considered it of the nature of vitellus.
1880 C. E. Bessey Bot. 451 The first leaf of the young plant (the cotyledon or scutellum).
1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 620 In Grasses, however, the whole of the plumule projects from the seed, the scutellum only remaining behind in it.
c. (See quot. 1900.)
ΚΠ
1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms Scutellum..the conical cap of the endosperm in Cycadeae.
2. Zoology.
a. Entomology. The third of the four sclerites composing any segment of the tergum of an insect; usually, the mesoscutellum.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > thorax > scutellum
scutel1804
scutellum1819
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 266 Two stripes near the scutellum.
1896 tr. Boas' Zool. 259 A triangular median portion of the mesothorax (scutellum) remains uncovered.
b. Ornithology. One of the horny plates which cover the feet of certain birds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > feet > plate on or scutellum
scutellum1840
scutella1859
1840 W. MacGillivray Man. Brit. Ornithol. I. 64 Toes short, feathered, all with two scutella at the end.
1884 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) iii. 249 Mimus...Tarsal scutella always distinct.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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