单词 | birthday |
释义 | birthdayn. 1. a. (a) The anniversary of the day on which a person was born, typically regarded as an occasion for celebration and the giving of gifts.See also happy birthday at happy adj. 5c. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > birthday birthdayc1384 nativitya1393 native day1546 birthnight1637 fête day1877 b-day1938 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark vi. 21 Eroude in his birthe day [a1425 L.V. birthdai; L. natalis] made a soupere to the princis. 1579 W. Fulke Refut. Rastels Confut. in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 796 To celebrate his Martyrs byrth day. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) v. i. 71 This is my Birth-day: as this very day Was Cassius borne. View more context for this quotation 1733 A. Hill Let. 20 Sept. in Wks. (1753) II. 179 May she live to reckon birthdays, as numerous as the charms of her mind, and as shining as those of her person. 1836 A. T. Malkin Gallery of Portraits IV. 184 The inhabitants of Ghent opened their gates to him on his fortieth birthday, in 1540. 1880 Monthly Packet Oct. 354 Her father having given her some money for her birthday the week before, she had decided to spend part of it on books. 1930 Daily Mail 15 Mar. 11/1 The Queen patted Ernie on the head and wished him a happy birthday. 2019 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 12 May (Escape Mag.) 19 Today, more and more Aussies are choosing to have international parties to celebrate milestone birthdays. ΚΠ 1752 Lady J. Coke Let. 23 Dec. (1899) xxv. 123 There was more finery at the Birthday than ever I saw; don't imagine I was at Court, but I went to Lady Betty Germain's, where great numbers came to show themselves. 1791 World 6 June The Princess Mary also danced for the first time at the Birth-Day. 1802 M. Edgeworth Belinda (ed. 2) I. ix. 269 After the birthday, lady Delacour talks of going to Harrowgate. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [noun] > age or period of a thing birthdaya1500 datea1571 era1646 epoch1655 vintage1929 a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 47 This day [y]s also callet þe vtas, þat ys, þe eght day of oure ladys byrþe, yn techyng to y[ch] crysten seruand forto þenke on þe eght dayys þat sewyth þe byrth-day. c. The anniversary of the day on which something began or came into existence, or on which an event occurred. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] anniversaryc1230 year's daya1393 year-day1431 birthday1556 anniversary day1567 anniverse1618 anniversal1635 anni1890 1556 J. Standish Triall Supremacy sig. G.iiiv The churches do iustly worship the birth daye of that see, which Peter receiued for ye saluation of the churches. 1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 155 It [sc. the first Sunday after Easter] is..the birthday of that salvation, which had its commencement the Sunday before. 1797 D. Everett Slaves in Barbary i. iii. 107 The grateful day returns, that brings to mind my generous benefactors. The birthday of my happiness, my fortune, and my honor. 1922 Bridgeport (Connecticut) Telegram 10 Feb. 1/1 Boy Scouts who are celebrating the 12th birthday of the founding of the organization will be entertained tonight at headquarters by a radio talk broadcasted from Springfield. 2012 Guardian 20 Oct. (Guide Suppl.) Central Listings 24/2 On Friday, the esteemed NYC-based remixer and DJ Francois Kevorkian helps celebrate house night Content's third birthday. 2. a. The day on which something began or came into existence, or on which an event occurred. ΚΠ 1574 J. Baret Aluearie B 649 The daie that the citie was first founded on, the birth daie. 1648 Mercurius Pragmaticus No. 1. sig. A3v The Birthday of that precious new government. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 18 The birthday of Invention. 1896 Philos. Trans. 1895 (Royal Soc.) B. 186 783 The day on which Halley presented his life-table must be regarded as the birthday of that biometrical part of death statistics. 2006 Church Times 13 Jan. 19/1 Auden..lived through a period of unparalleled political wickedness, of Fascist and Communist genocide, into the birthday of AIDS and the end-all of the bomb. b. The day on which a person was born; see birth n.1 1a. Now rare.In quot. 1858: the day on which a person experiences a spiritual birth. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > day or date on which one is born birth-tidea1250 birth timec1330 birthnight1583 birthdaya1594 a1594 Edmond Ironside (1991) i. ii. 70 I had bine bound apprentice to deceipt and from my bearth daye studied villanie. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 130. ⁋10 The Anniversary of the Birth-day of this Glorious Queen. 1858 E. H. Sears Athanasia viii. 68 Now therefore comes the second birthday of man. He wakes to a new consciousness, that of spiritual existence. 1922 Princeton Alumni Weekly 15 Mar. 496/3 They have a daughter, Blanche, aged two months, weight on birthday, seven pounds, eleven ounces. 2011 L. Cruz Parenting 13 Your parenting journey is in full swing on your baby's birthday. Compounds C1. In senses 1, 1c. a. General use as a modifier, as in birthday celebration, birthday dress, birthday gift, birthday surprise, birthday tea, birthday treat, birthday wish, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > gift at birthday birthday gift1561 birthday present1719 twenty-firster1912 society > leisure > social event > type of social event > [noun] > treat or entertainment > on birthday birthday treat1561 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific purpose > birthday > article of birthday dress1561 birthday suit1734 1561 T. Paynell tr. N. Hanapus Ensamples Vertue & Vice lxxxviii. sig. Mm.i Herode made hys byrth daye supper. 1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 84 The figure I made..out-shone all other birth-day finery whatever. 1791 World 6 June Prince William of Gloucester, for the first time, went through a Minuet at the Birth-Day Ball. 1868 W. Collins Moonstone I. i. x. 131 Your uncle's birthday gift. 1880 Little Folks' Holiday Album 106/1 How well granny contrived that birthday tea out in the garden under the apple-tree, how snowy was the cloth, what nice cake and bread-and-butter. 1902 A. Bennett Grand Babylon Hotel i. 12 I'll be content this year with the cheapest birthday treat you ever gave me. 1942 E. Blom Mus. in Eng. vi. 104 Purcell in his birthday-ode and welcome-song mood. 1986 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 4 July Channel O next week begins birthday celebrations to mark its coming of age. b. birthday boy n. a boy or (humorously) a man who is celebrating his birthday. ΚΠ 1867 ‘Eóinèin’ in Aunt Judy's Mag. Dec. 108 The birthday-boy, king of the feast! 1959 H. Pinter Birthday Party ii Shine it on the birthday boy. 2012 StarStudio July 31/2 In the midst of the party, Jun's friends from the press gathered for a photo-op with the birthday boy and the Gutierrez family. birthday cake n. a cake served to celebrate a birthday; esp. a large sponge cake decorated with icing and candles.In quot. 1800: a cake for a person's sixth birthday (as opposed to the latest of six birthday cakes). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > cake for specific occasion > others God's kichelc1410 christening cake1682 moon-cake1688 birthday cake1802 feast cake1845 burial-cake1864 yuan hsiao1945 1800 tr. C. G. Salzmann Gymnastics for Youth i. i. 9 He learns his a b c, to spell, to read,..before his sixth birthday cake is put into the oven.] 1802 M. Charlton tr. A. La Fontaine Reprobate II. 248 The birthday of Linette was approaching..and as usual she [sc. my mother] prepared her birthday cake [Ger. Kuchen]. 1950 W. H. Evans Spoth's Cake Making & Decoration 195 Butter cream..for icing and decorating birthday cakes. 2001 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 17 Nov. (Metro ed.) 2 e The prince blew out a candle on a birthday cake..and listened as guests sang ‘Happy Birthday’. birthday card n. a greetings card sent to convey good wishes on the occasion of a person's birthday. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter > card > [noun] card1596 message card1746 birthday card1797 view card1822 acceptance1837 Easter card1842 wedding-cards1847 comic1860 postcard1869 letter card1870 postal card1870 pc1876 postal1877 note-card1884 photo card1890 greeting-card1898 picture postcard1899 seaside postcard1955 sympathy card1967 1797 R. T. Paine, Jr. Ruling Passion 20 Each scribbling wight, who pens a birth-day card, Was born, as grannams say, to be a Bard! 1902 Little Folks Oct. 287/2 Miss Shaw seemed to appreciate Moya's birthday card very much. 2004 L. Jensen Ninth Life Louis Drax 11 His evil mother..sent me a birthday card with fifty euros in it. birthday girl n. a girl or (humorously) a woman who is celebrating her birthday. ΚΠ 1852 D. M. Mulock Head of Family I. vi. 161 There—go up to him—compel him! It's your right, ‘you little birthday girl’. 1928 Nottingham Evening Post 22 Feb. 3/3 Mother and grandma must have tried to make things all gay for their birthday girl! 2006 Time Out N.Y. 15 June 34/2 The bar promises free midshelf drinks (think Jack, Absolut, beer and wine) for the birthday boy or girl all night long. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > commemoration, remembrance > [noun] > commemoration of birthday birthday mind1606 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 101 His birth-day-mind [L. natalem suum], falling out in the time of the Plebeian games and plaies exhibited in the Cirque, hee hardly would suffer to be celebrated. 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 265 He [sc. Domitian] put to death..Salvius Cocceianus, because he had celebrated the Birth-dayes minde [L. diem natalem], of Otho the Emperour. birthday party n. a party held to celebrate a person's birthday; (now) esp. a child's party typically involving entertainment (traditionally games played to music), light refreshments, and the serving of a birthday cake. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > social gathering > party > [noun] > birthday party birthday party1808 twenty-firster1912 1808 E. Meeke There is a Secret I. ix. 203 They paid him such assiduous court, in hopes of appearing in his will, that they were in great favour, and were sure to be of what he styled his birthday parties. 1913 M. Gyte Diary 16 Dec. (1999) 8 Ethel held her birthday party. There were 18 sat down to tea and they passed the evening in singing, recitations etc. 2007 Independent 27 Oct. (Save & Spend section) 8/1 Simplicity, and doing it at home, is the key if you want to achieve a child's birthday party which will cost you less than £100 all up. birthday present n. a gift given to a person on the occasion of his or her birthday. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > gift at birthday birthday gift1561 birthday present1719 twenty-firster1912 1719 New Separation from Church of Eng. Groundless 41 The Room of Birth-Day Presents. 1854 C. M. Yonge Castle Builders xxii. 342 Her immense wax-doll, a birthday present from her papa. 1934 L. Charteris Saint Intervenes (1950) xii. 164 It's so true that it's almost stopped being a joke—the father who plays with his little boy's birthday presents so energetically that the little boy has to shove off and smoke papa's pipe. 2002 M. Gayle Dinner for Two 323 She's obviously wearing a number of her birthday presents because everything looks brand new. c. With reference to the official birthday of the British sovereign (see official birthday n. at official adj. Compounds 2). Birthday Gazette n. (also with lower-case initials) now historical and rare (the title of) a gazette produced on the official birthday of the British sovereign, containing a list of the awards and honours conferred to mark the occasion; cf. birthday honours list n.Typically published as a supplement to an official government gazette (see gazette n. 2a). ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journal > periodical > [noun] > official gazettes gazette1665 hue and cry1827 Birthday Gazette1869 1869 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Aug. 3/1 Can the Secretary of State have any idea of the astonishment and derision with which the birthday gazette was received in this country [sc. India]? 1936 Weekly Irish Times 25 Jan. (Suppl. section) p. ii/3 The Birthday Gazette announced that the titles of the Duke of York, Earl of Inverness, and Baron Killarney had been bestowed upon him by the Sovereign. 1997 M. W. Daly Sirdar xix. 200 Wingate joined his wife at Karlsbad on 15 June. It was there that he got word of the king's Birthday Gazette, in which he was made a G.C.B. birthday honours n. awards and titles conferred each year on the official birthday of the British sovereign; (also) short for birthday honours list n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > raising to noble rank > [noun] > investing with a rank or title > titles conferred on sovereign's birthday birthday honours1875 1873 Standard 24 May 3/3 (heading) Royal birthday honours... The Queen has been graciously pleased, on the occasion of the celebration of her Majesty's Birthday, to give orders for the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Most Honourable Order of the Bath [etc.].] 1875 Irish Times 31 May 6/4 We are much pleased to observe that among the recipients of birthday honours Lieutenant-General Sir Edward Alan Holdich, K C B, was included. 2008 Sunderland Echo (Nexis) 14 June Keith Copeland is made an MBE in today's birthday honours, ‘for services to skills training’. birthday honours list n. a list of awards and titles conferred on the official birthday of the British sovereign in a particular year, published as a supplement to the London Gazette. ΚΠ 1886 North London News & Finsbury Gaz. 10 Apr. It had not been anticipated that any batons would be given away until the birthday honours list made its appearance some two months hence. 1953 Canad. Jrnl. Econ. & Polit. Sci. 19 383 Its author would have applauded the recognition given to the arts in the Birthday Honours Lists of post-war years. 2016 Lynn News (Nexis) 27 Oct. Hunstanton's David Foulkes was honoured in the birthday honours list for a British Empire Medal for his work in the community. C2. humorous. As a modifier, in compounds denoting a state of nudity, or a person's bare skin.With reference to the naked condition in which a person is born (cf. sense 2b).Most commonly in birthday suit. birthday attire n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [noun] > bare skin barec1300 buff1654 birthday clothes1732 birthday gear1734 birthday suit1734 birthday attire1803 1803 J. T. Barber Tour throughout S. Wales & Monmouthshire i. 26 We remarked a group of figures, in birth-day attire, gamboling in the water. 1998 Wisconsin State Jrnl. 14 May (Rhythm section) 3/3 The revealing story of two female customers who decided to expose their birthday attire while sitting at the bar. birthday clothes n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [noun] > bare skin barec1300 buff1654 birthday clothes1732 birthday gear1734 birthday suit1734 birthday attire1803 1732 Visct. Perceval Diary 2 June in in Hist. MSS Comm.: MSS Earl of Egmont (1920) 279 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 6264) XI. 323 Mr. Spencer was a man of extraordinary breeding to acknowledge the favour of a common visit in his birthday clothes. 1895 N. Amer. 15 Mar. 5/3 He first posed stripped to the waist, but later he appeared clad only in his birthday clothes. 1995 Arizona Daily Sun 28 Jan. a7/3 For those of you who hate the idea of watching beautiful women romp in their birthday clothes, the films showing at Prochnow Auditorium at NAU this week may be more to your liking. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [noun] > bare skin barec1300 buff1654 birthday clothes1732 birthday gear1734 birthday suit1734 birthday attire1803 1734 J. Swift Strephon & Cloe in Beautiful Young Nymph 20 To see some radiant Nymph appear In all her glitt'ring Birth-day Gear. birthday suit n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [noun] > bare skin barec1300 buff1654 birthday clothes1732 birthday gear1734 birthday suit1734 birthday attire1803 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific purpose > birthday > article of birthday dress1561 birthday suit1734 1734 England's Genius 3 The young Gallant said, That he thought he had paid his Lordship the greatest Compliment, by receiving him in his Birth-Day Suit. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. viii. 68 I will strip this holy father to his birth-day suit. 1922 E. Blunden Bonadventure xxvii. 167 A dancing saloon, where birthday suits were the fashion. 2006 S. Gruen Water for Elephants viii. 107 I have to strip down to my birthday suit in front of a nurse. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1384 |
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