scientistn.

Brit.

/ˈsʌɪəntɪst/, U.S.

/ˈsaɪəntəst/

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Or (ii) formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin scientia , -ist suffix; scientific adj., -ist suffix.

Etymology: < scient- (in either classical Latin scientia science n. or scientific adj.) + -ist suffix. Perhaps compare artist n. Compare earlier sciencist n., and compare also man of science at science n. Phrases 1a, sciencer n., scientician n., scientiate n., scientman n.The word was a somewhat controversial coinage (compare quot. 1834 at sense 1) and was consciously avoided by many in Britain (apparently less so in North America) until at least the late 19th cent. This was to a certain extent connected with resistance to the narrowing of the word science to denote chiefly the natural sciences, although the word scientist was criticized and avoided by many who did accept equivalent use of science , including leading figures in the natural sciences in 19th-cent. Britain (some of whom preferred etymologically unrelated terms, such as natural philosopher n.). Compare discussion by S. Ross in Annals of Science 18 (1962) 65–85. The eventual selection of scientist rather than sciencist as the usual term may have been motivated partly by considerations of euphony; compare (from a discussion also hostile to the use of scientist):1874 Galaxy Jan. 93/1 If we would, we could say sciencist; and let any who will say it, and hiss himself properly in the saying of it.

1. A person who conducts scientific research or investigation; an expert in or student of science, esp. one or more of the natural or physical sciences.computer, earth, mad, natural, rocket scientist, etc.: see the first element.It is possible that the ‘ingenious gentleman’ referred to in quot. 1834 is Whewell himself.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > scientist

man of science1482

natural philosopher?1541

secretary of nature1580

artsman1632

experimental philosopher1651

artist1665

scientific1738

sciencist1778

scientist1834

scientician1841

scientiate1847

scient1854

sciencer1871

natural scientist1872

specialist1918

boffin1945

1834 W. Whewell in Q. Rev. 51 59 Science..loses all traces of unity. A curious illustration of this result may be observed in the want of any name by which we can designate the students of the knowledge of the material world collectively. We are informed that this difficulty was felt very oppressively by the members of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, at their meetings..in the last three summers... Philosophers was felt to be too wide and too lofty a term,..; savans was rather assuming,..; some ingenious gentleman proposed that, by analogy with artist, they might form scientist, and added that there could be no scruple in making free with this termination when we have such words as sciolist, economist, and atheist—but this was not generally palatable.

1840 W. Whewell Philos. Inductive Sci. I. Introd. p. cxiii We need very much a name to describe a cultivator of science in general. I should incline to call him a Scientist. Thus we might say, that as an Artist is a Musician, Painter, or Poet, a Scientist is a Mathematician, Physicist, or Naturalist.

1840 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Aug. 273/2 Leonardo was mentally a seeker after truth—a scientist; Coreggio was an assertor of truth—an artist.

1878 T. Sinclair Mount i. 13 They know that the sun is better where it is than under the scalpel or other instruments of the intense scientists.

1912 Catholic Encycl. XIV. 674/1 Will the scientists of to-day pretend to be better reasoners than St. Thomas, or more powerful in synthesis?

1940 Jrnl. Royal Afr. Soc. 39 161 In 1775 the Swedish scientist, Dr. Sparrman, was quite convinced that the increase in rhinoceros bush was due to overgrazing the pastures by the colonists.

1984 Times 9 May 24/4 Happily, this book shows that modern sport psychology is not the sole province of scientists and computers.

1998 L. Forbes Bombay Ice (1999) 100 One is a scientist, with a Masters degree in climatology from Madras University.

2011 C. Zimmer Planet of Viruses 48 Scientists tested for the presence of the virus by screening chicken blood for one of the virus's proteins.

2. Chiefly U.S. Usually with capital initial. In the context of Christian Science or the language of Christian Scientists: a Christian Scientist.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > healer > alternative practitioner > [noun] > faith healer > Christian Scientist

scientist1875

Christian Scientist1878

metaphysician1881

practitioner1883

1875 M. B. Eddy Sci. & Health viii. 428 The Scientist sees more clearly the cause of disease in mind, than the anatomist can in body; the latter examines the body to learn how matter is committing suicide, and the former reads the mind to find what beliefs are destroying the body.

1903 ‘M. Twain’ in N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 509 The Scientist hastened to Concord and told Mrs. Eddy what a disastrous mistake had been made.

1938 M. Muggeridge In Valley ii. 8 ‘There's a Congregational Chapel..and a Church of England third on the right.’.. ‘Do many people go to them?’ ‘Not many, I think... We're Scientists.’

1980 Country Life 17 July 243/1 There is the dowager, American..a Scientist (of the Christian kind).

2011 L. P. Ewing Father, Mother, God 129 Your position..arises when the patient is not surrounded by the love and support of family members who are Scientists... I have three children; only one is a Christian Scientist.

Compounds

Appositive, as scientist-administrator, scientist-astronaut, scientist-philosopher, etc.

ΚΠ

1878 Month & Catholic Rev. Mar. 291 How blind, then, must those scientist philosophers be, who think that they can satisfy the soul hungering for the bread of life with the stones and serpents, which they proffer.

1922 Daily Inter Lake (Kalispell, Montana) 22 Dec. 1/1 They mentioned in particular the need for scientist-administrators who, thoroughly schooled in science, at the same time are capable of organizing and directing a large research project.

1960 Times 5 Feb. 10/3 Dr. Moore, the Russian-born scientist-dietician from Frimley, Surrey, had completed the journey in 23 days.

2002 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 7 Oct. d8/5 In 1965, six scientist astronauts were selected from a group of 400 who had a doctorate or equivalent experience in medicine, engineering or the natural sciences.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	scientist
释义	scientistn. Brit. /ˈsʌɪəntɪst/, U.S. /ˈsaɪəntəst/ Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Or (ii) formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin scientia , -ist suffix; scientific adj., -ist suffix. Etymology: < scient- (in either classical Latin scientia science n. or scientific adj.) + -ist suffix. Perhaps compare artist n. Compare earlier sciencist n., and compare also man of science at science n. Phrases 1a, sciencer n., scientician n., scientiate n., scientman n.The word was a somewhat controversial coinage (compare quot. 1834 at sense 1) and was consciously avoided by many in Britain (apparently less so in North America) until at least the late 19th cent. This was to a certain extent connected with resistance to the narrowing of the word science to denote chiefly the natural sciences, although the word scientist was criticized and avoided by many who did accept equivalent use of science , including leading figures in the natural sciences in 19th-cent. Britain (some of whom preferred etymologically unrelated terms, such as natural philosopher n.). Compare discussion by S. Ross in Annals of Science 18 (1962) 65–85. The eventual selection of scientist rather than sciencist as the usual term may have been motivated partly by considerations of euphony; compare (from a discussion also hostile to the use of scientist):1874 Galaxy Jan. 93/1 If we would, we could say sciencist; and let any who will say it, and hiss himself properly in the saying of it. 1. A person who conducts scientific research or investigation; an expert in or student of science, esp. one or more of the natural or physical sciences.computer, earth, mad, natural, rocket scientist, etc.: see the first element.It is possible that the ‘ingenious gentleman’ referred to in quot. 1834 is Whewell himself. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > scientist man of science1482 natural philosopher?1541 secretary of nature1580 artsman1632 experimental philosopher1651 artist1665 scientific1738 sciencist1778 scientist1834 scientician1841 scientiate1847 scient1854 sciencer1871 natural scientist1872 specialist1918 boffin1945 1834 W. Whewell in Q. Rev. 51 59 Science..loses all traces of unity. A curious illustration of this result may be observed in the want of any name by which we can designate the students of the knowledge of the material world collectively. We are informed that this difficulty was felt very oppressively by the members of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, at their meetings..in the last three summers... Philosophers was felt to be too wide and too lofty a term,..; savans was rather assuming,..; some ingenious gentleman proposed that, by analogy with artist, they might form scientist, and added that there could be no scruple in making free with this termination when we have such words as sciolist, economist, and atheist—but this was not generally palatable. 1840 W. Whewell Philos. Inductive Sci. I. Introd. p. cxiii We need very much a name to describe a cultivator of science in general. I should incline to call him a Scientist. Thus we might say, that as an Artist is a Musician, Painter, or Poet, a Scientist is a Mathematician, Physicist, or Naturalist. 1840 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Aug. 273/2 Leonardo was mentally a seeker after truth—a scientist; Coreggio was an assertor of truth—an artist. 1878 T. Sinclair Mount i. 13 They know that the sun is better where it is than under the scalpel or other instruments of the intense scientists. 1912 Catholic Encycl. XIV. 674/1 Will the scientists of to-day pretend to be better reasoners than St. Thomas, or more powerful in synthesis? 1940 Jrnl. Royal Afr. Soc. 39 161 In 1775 the Swedish scientist, Dr. Sparrman, was quite convinced that the increase in rhinoceros bush was due to overgrazing the pastures by the colonists. 1984 Times 9 May 24/4 Happily, this book shows that modern sport psychology is not the sole province of scientists and computers. 1998 L. Forbes Bombay Ice (1999) 100 One is a scientist, with a Masters degree in climatology from Madras University. 2011 C. Zimmer Planet of Viruses 48 Scientists tested for the presence of the virus by screening chicken blood for one of the virus's proteins. 2. Chiefly U.S. Usually with capital initial. In the context of Christian Science or the language of Christian Scientists: a Christian Scientist. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > alternative practitioner > [noun] > faith healer > Christian Scientist scientist1875 Christian Scientist1878 metaphysician1881 practitioner1883 1875 M. B. Eddy Sci. & Health viii. 428 The Scientist sees more clearly the cause of disease in mind, than the anatomist can in body; the latter examines the body to learn how matter is committing suicide, and the former reads the mind to find what beliefs are destroying the body. 1903 ‘M. Twain’ in N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 509 The Scientist hastened to Concord and told Mrs. Eddy what a disastrous mistake had been made. 1938 M. Muggeridge In Valley ii. 8 ‘There's a Congregational Chapel..and a Church of England third on the right.’.. ‘Do many people go to them?’ ‘Not many, I think... We're Scientists.’ 1980 Country Life 17 July 243/1 There is the dowager, American..a Scientist (of the Christian kind). 2011 L. P. Ewing Father, Mother, God 129 Your position..arises when the patient is not surrounded by the love and support of family members who are Scientists... I have three children; only one is a Christian Scientist. Compounds Appositive, as scientist-administrator, scientist-astronaut, scientist-philosopher, etc. ΚΠ 1878 Month & Catholic Rev. Mar. 291 How blind, then, must those scientist philosophers be, who think that they can satisfy the soul hungering for the bread of life with the stones and serpents, which they proffer. 1922 Daily Inter Lake (Kalispell, Montana) 22 Dec. 1/1 They mentioned in particular the need for scientist-administrators who, thoroughly schooled in science, at the same time are capable of organizing and directing a large research project. 1960 Times 5 Feb. 10/3 Dr. Moore, the Russian-born scientist-dietician from Frimley, Surrey, had completed the journey in 23 days. 2002 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 7 Oct. d8/5 In 1965, six scientist astronauts were selected from a group of 400 who had a doctorate or equivalent experience in medicine, engineering or the natural sciences. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1834
随便看	to think up to think with to think wonder to this day to this effect to this purpose to thole amends to thole an assize, judgement, the laws to thrash a person's jacket to thrash one's way to thrash out to thrash over straw to thrash straw to thrash to a mummy to thrash to a mummy earlier into mummy to thrash to a mummy earlier into to mummy to thread one's course to thread one's way to thread out to thread the difference to threap a person down to threap a person down that… to threap a person out of to threap a person with kindness to threap down