请输入您要查询的英文单词：

　

单词 science
释义

sciencen.

Brit. /ˈsʌɪəns/, U.S. /ˈsaɪəns/
Forms: Middle English cience, Middle English cyence, Middle English scians, Middle English siens, Middle English sienz, Middle English syence, Middle English syense, Middle English–1500s sciens, Middle English–1500s sciense, Middle English–1500s scyence, Middle English–1500s scyens, Middle English–1500s syens, Middle English–1600s sience, Middle English– science, 1500s cyens, 1500s sciencies (plural), 1500s seyence, 1500s sienc, 1500s–1600s scyense; Scottish pre-1700 sayance, pre-1700 sciens, pre-1700 scyance, pre-1700 scyence, pre-1700 scyens, pre-1700 sience, pre-1700 syance, pre-1700 syence, pre-1700 1700s– science; N.E.D. (1910) also records a form Middle English ciens. In Middle English and in Older Scots frequently with unchanged plural, esp. in sense 3a.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French science.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman cience, sience, Anglo-Norman and Middle French science (French science ) knowledge, understanding, secular knowledge, knowledge derived from experience, study, or reflection, acquired skill or ability, knowledge as granted by God (12th cent. in Old French), the collective body of knowledge in a particular field or sphere (13th cent.) < classical Latin scientia knowledge, knowledge as opposed to belief, understanding, expert knowledge, particular branch of knowledge, learning, erudition < scient- , sciēns , present participle of scīre to know, of unknown origin + -ia -ia suffix1. Compare Old Occitan sciensa (12th cent.), Catalan ciència (13th cent.), Spanish ciencia (13th cent.), Portuguese ciência (14th cent.), Italian scienza (13th cent.).Compare earlier use of the Latin word in an English context: OE Ælfric De Septiformi Spiritu (Trin. Cambr.) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 57 Þa seofonfealdan gifa synd þus gehatene: sapientia on leden, þæt is wisdom on englisc;..scientia on leden and god ingehyd on englisc; [etc.]. On the distinction between science and art at sense 4a compare discussion at art n.1; ultimately, this distinction is informed by that in ancient Greek between ἐπιστήμη episteme n. and τέχνη techne n., reflected by a similar distinction in classical Latin between scientia and ars art n.1 In modern use, while French science has, like the English word, come to be the usual term for those branches of study that deal with a connected body of demonstrated truths or observed facts systematically classified and more or less comprehended by general laws, the French word continues to have rather broader application than the English word to knowledge as acquired by study, experience, or reflection.
1.
a. The state or fact of knowing; knowledge or cognizance of something; knowledge as a personal attribute. Now archaic and rare.In later use chiefly Scholastic Theology with reference to knowledge as an attribute of God, and occasionally Philosophy in the sense ‘knowledge, as opposed to belief or opinion’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > [noun]
i-witnessc888
knowledging?c1225
wittinga1300
beknowing1340
sciencec1350
bekenningc1380
knowinga1398
knowledgea1398
meaninga1398
cunningshipa1400
feela1400
understanda1400
cognizancec1400
kenningc1400
witc1400
recognizancec1436
cognition1447
recognitionc1450
cognoscencec1540
conscience1570
comprehension1597
comprehense1604
cognizant1634
sciency1642
scibility1677
c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 134 (MED) Þat þe seuenþe aungel shad his phiole in þe ayre bitokneþ þe dampnacioun of þe fendes in þe air þere þai wonen & for þat þai ben of svtile science.
?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) ii. pr. vii. l. 1606 Þe soule whiche þat haþ[e] in it self science of goode werkes [L. sibi mens bene conscia].
?c1400 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Sidney Sussex) Cant. Hannah 5 Old thinges depart fro ȝour mouthe, for god of sciens is lord & to hym are redied þe thoghtes.
a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 2697 (MED) Ye trewly ber the name Cherubin, fful of scyence And off dyvyne sapyence.
1511 in J. G. Mackay Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1891) XIII. 444 We decerne thaim irritant cassant and annullant of oure awin propir motive and certane science.
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndales Answere p. ix Wherof saynt Paule cryeth hymself, O altitudo diuitiarum sapientiæ & scientiæ dei, O ye heyth and depenes of the ryches of the wysedome & science of god.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 104 Platus [sic] himselfe,..Hath not in natures mysterie more science, Then I haue in this Ring. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 680 O Sacred, Wise, and Wisdom-giving Plant, Mother of Science . View more context for this quotation
1678 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV iii. 36 Some of our Opponents resolve Gods certain prescience of sin into the infinitude of his science.
1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica ii. xx. 99 The Word Science is either taken largely to signifie any Cognition or true Assent; or strictly, a firm and infallible one; or lastly, an Assent of Propositions made known by the Cause or Effect.
1701 N. Rowe Ambitious Step-mother ii. ii. 25 What makes Gods divine, But Power and Science infinite?
1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. ii. 198 For lo! my words no fancy'd woes relate: I speak from science, and the voice is Fate.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Divines suppose three Kinds of Science in God: The first, Science of mere Knowledge... The second, a Science of Vision... The third an intermediate Science.
1753 S. Johnson Adventurer No. 107. ⁋18 Life is not the object of Science: we see a little, very little; and what is beyond we only can conjecture.
1882 J. R. Seeley Nat. Relig. 260 Though we have not science of it [sc. supernaturalism] yet we have probabilities or powerful presentiments.
2010 J. Taylor tr. G. Vico On Most Anc. Wisdom of Italians 21 God has science of all things because He contains within Himself the elements out of which He composes all things.
†b. Theoretical or intellectual understanding, as distinct from moral conviction. Paired or contrasted with conscience. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > [noun] > what is true
knowledgea1398
science1574
common knowledge1578
sapience1606
truth1644
1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 355 I do sende it you corrected with my conscience, and consulted with my science.
1623 T. Scott High-waies of God 84 This my Sermon,..is perhaps tost by censure and science for a while, but scarce touched by conscience, or drawne into practise.
1637 W. Laud Speech in Starr-chamber 62 The Author is clearely conceived..to have written this Book wholly..against both his science and his conscience.
1654 J. Owen Doctr. Saints Perseverance xi. 249 A wilfull perverting of it, contrary to his owne science & conscience.
1700 D. Irish Levamen Infirmi Ep. Ded. sig. A3v Persons both of much Science and Conscience, who understand and consider the Cause of Diseases.
†2. Knowledge or understanding acquired by study; acquaintance with or mastery of any branch of learning. Also in plural: (a person's) various kinds of knowledge. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > intellectual command, mastery > [noun]
gropeOE
sciencea1387
mastery1585
mastership1612
grasp1683
grip1861
masterhood1869
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > [noun] > collectively
wisdomsc888
artsc1300
wits1362
sciencea1387
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skill or knowledge > as a result of study
sciencea1387
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 11 (MED) Þe ordre of monkes was þrifty þat tyme, for it hadde religious rulers, cleer of sciens and of clergy [L. scientia claros].
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 2413 And Heredot in his science Of metre, of rime and of cadence The ferste was of which men note.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xii. l. 135 Ac þorugh her science sothely was neuere no soule ysaued, Ne brouȝte by her bokes to blisse ne to ioye.
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 14 Clerkis of hye science, the quhilkis had the grete digniteis jn haly kirk.
a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) Prol. l. 107 (MED) As rose is aboue al floures most fine, So is science most digne of worthynesse.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 86 A discrete man of dedis dryuen into age And a sad mon of sciens in the seuyn artis.
1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes ii. xxx. f. 129v The auncient women were more estemed for their sciences, then for their beauties.
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 16 Giue Johne Knox and ze affirmis zour selfis lauchful be ressoun of zour science [etc.].
a1563 J. Bale Brefe Comedy Iohan Baptystes in Harleian Misc. (1744) I. 109 You boast your selues moch, of ryghteousnesse and scyence.
1665 J. Sergeant Sure-footing in Christianity 6 The Knowledge of the Rule of Faith's Existence must not need any skill or Science acquir'd by Study.
a1771 T. Gray Imit. Propertius in Wks. (1814) II. 87 Be love my youth's pursuit, and science crown my age.
1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 213 As alphabets in ivory employ Hour after hour the yet unletter'd boy, Sorting and puzzling with a deal of glee Those seeds of science called his A B C.
1829 G. Jones Sketches Naval Life I. 83 You must bear with me, in my humble descriptions; for I have no science on the subject; and, until lately, had no opportunity of coming into contact with it.
3.
a. A particular area of knowledge or study; a recognized branch of learning; spec. (in the Middle Ages) each of the seven subjects forming the trivium (grammar, logic, and rhetoric) and quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy). Cf. art n.1 9a(a). Now archaic.In later use merging with sense 4b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > [noun]
craftOE
lorec1290
cunning1340
facultyc1384
sciencea1387
intelligencea1393
disciplinea1398
masterya1425
learning1570
skill1570
doctrine1594
ism1680
ology1811
ography1828
sophya1843
osophy1851
society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > a department of study
sciencea1387
study1477
knowledge?1530
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 205 (MED) Þis Caton made a grete sciens of vertues and of þewes [?a1475 anon. tr. science moralle; L. scientiam moralem] þat is i-cleped Ethica Catonis.
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 7 Therfore he þat wole knowe what siurgie is, he moot vndirstonde, þat it is a medicinal science.
1421 Petition in Rotuli Parl. (1767–77) IV. 158/1 Thre Sciences, that ben Divinite, Fisyk, and Lawe.
a1425 (?a1350) Seven Sages (Galba) (1907) l. 48 (MED) I wil þat ȝe teche him euyn Þe sutelte of sience seuyn.
1486 Blasyng of Armys sig. eiiijv, in Bk. St. Albans Bott i thes borduris ther is a grete differens emong men pretendyng theym experte and wyse in thys sciens.
1509 H. Watson tr. S. Brant Shyppe of Fooles (de Worde) ii. sig. A*.iii It is they the whiche ben ye leest experte in scyences, as in lawe.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 61 A philosophier of Athenes excellyng in all the mathematical sciencies.
1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India Ded. sig. aaiij The good affeccion, whyche I haue euer borne to the science of Cosmographie.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage viii. x. 665 Mexico is now an Vniuersitie, and therein are taught those Sciences which are read in our Vniuersities of Europe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 57 I do present you with a man of mine Cunning in Musicke, and the Mathematickes, To instruct her fully in those sciences . View more context for this quotation
1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. vi. 181 The right understanding of the principles of a science, is the ground why all things belonging to that science are understood.
1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. ii. 61 And thus you have an honest System of the Science called Magick.
1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams I. i. 3 I was taught the rudiments of no science, except reading, writing, and arithmetic.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 73 So Leolin went; and..toil'd Mastering the lawless science of our law.
1892 B. F. Westcott Gospel of Life 89 Theology is the crown of all the sciences, and Religion the synthesis of all.
1961 S. E. Toulmin & J. Goodfield Fabric Heavens vi. 153 In late antiquity the intellectuals of Alexandria became interested in theology and the occult sciences.
2002 M. Peltonen in M. van Gelderen & Q. Skinner Republicanism I. ii. v. 97 This is not to say that the educational requirements of the liberal sciences were limited to the nobility; of course, they formed the basis even for humbler grammar schools.
b. In extended use, denoting a game, sport, or other activity conceived as being similarly organized. Frequently somewhat humorous. Now rare except in noble science n. N.E.D. (1910) notes the science as a contemporary slang term for boxing or fencing; cf. sense 8 and noble science n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > [noun]
buckler-playing1468
fence1533
defence1549
noble science1549
buckler-play1575
fencing1581
digladiation1589
sword-play1627
escrime1652
the (noble, also manly) art of self-defence1724
science1729
swordmanship1781
swordsmanship1851
swording1891
sword-work1913
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. viii. 185 And than the phylosopher began tenseigne and teche the kynge the science of the playe & the draughtes.
1658 Prophecy St. Hildegard 22 in Further Discov. Myst. of Jesuitism They are indeed very eminent Masters in the science of Adulation.
1729 B. Wilson tr. J. A. de Thou Hist. Own Time I. vi. 296 Fencing Masters, who, when they fight at Blunts, observe the Rules of the Science, and often come off Conquerors.
1752 Adventurer No. 9. ⁋10 Give us..that master of the science the celebrated Hoyle, who has composed an elaborate treatise on every fashionable game.
1796 W. Godwin Caleb Williams (ed. 2) I. iii. 54 Unpardonably deficient in the sciences of anecdote and match-making.
1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xlviii. 527 Up to that time he had never been aware that he had the least notion of the science [sc. fencing].
1860 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 700/1 Few people imagine that the ideal soul of the nation finds a voice in this popular science of complaint.
1904 N.Z. Parl. Deb. 129 596/2 He..chased him round the stage under a shower of blows—very lightly put in, very gently, of course, but very effectually, as you might expect from a master of the science.
4.
a. Paired or contrasted with art (see art n.1 3a). A discipline, field of study, or activity concerned with theory rather than method, or requiring the knowledge and systematic application of principles, rather than relying on traditional rules, acquired skill, or intuition.See note in etymology, and cf. etymological note at art n.1In quots. a1387 and c1475 in uninflected plural form.In later use coloured by sense 4b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > contrasted with art
sciencea1387
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 69 (MED) He..fliȝ into..Spayne, forto lerne curious and sotil artes and sciens þere.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 158 (MED) Algorismes Abece, Be which multiplicacioun Is mad and diminucioun Of sommes, be thexperience Of this Art and of this science.
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 51 (MED) Þe parentis of swilk a clerk..helping him to ani artis or sciens, prelats promouing or secular lordis procuring þat þat clerk lord in þat maner, þei synnun deadly.
a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 106 We schold have in every arte syence & craft more excellent men then we have now.
1606 T. Palmer Ess. Meanes to make Trauailes more Profitable ii. 93 To make powerfull any weake thing..may be contained vnder the arte or science of Engining.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Dyalling 4 Though we may justly account Dyalling originally a Science, yet..it is now become to many of the Ingenious no more difficult than an Art.
1683 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 93 To Witt: a scool of Arts and Siences.
1712 E. Budgell Spectator No. 307. ¶5 Without a proper temperament for the particular Art or Science which he studies, his utmost Pains and Application..will be to no purpose.
1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. Pref. p. xi Previous to the year 1780, Mineralogy, though tolerably understood by many as an art, could scarce be deemed a science.
1837 R. Southey Doctor IV. 185 The medical profession..was an art, in the worst sense of the word, before it became a science, and long after it pretended to be a science, was little better than a craft.
1907 J. A. Hodges Elem. Photogr. (ed. 6) 58 The development of the photographic image is both an art and a science.
2004 Wall St. Jrnl. 12 Jan. (Central ed.) b1/1 Compression is the art and science of doing more with less—of squeezing out unneeded information in a picture or sound before sending or storing it.
b. A branch of study that deals with a connected body of demonstrated truths or with observed facts systematically classified and more or less comprehended by general laws, and incorporating trustworthy methods (now esp. those involving the scientific method and which incorporate falsifiable hypotheses) for the discovery of new truth in its own domain.For more established compounds, as bio-, computer, geo-, life, natural, neuro-, physical science, see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > as branch of study
science1600
society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > a department of study > science
science1600
1600 W. Vaughan Golden-groue i. lxv. sig. Mv The name of science is taken more strictly for a habit gotten by demonstration separated from wisedome; in which last signification Naturall philosophy, & the Mathematickes are called Sciences.
1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 7 Anacamptics, A branch of the Opticks, called also Catoptrics, a Science, which by the Rays of some luminous object..considers, and finds out its form.
1725 I. Watts Logick ii. ii. 283 The Word science is usually applied to a whole Body of Observations or Propositions,..concerning any Subject of Speculation.
1794 J. Hutton Diss. Philos. Light 118 Philosophy must proceed in generalising those truths which are the object of particular sciences.
1846 R. Coates First Lines Nat. Philos. (subtitle) For..those who wish to enter understandingly upon the study of the mixed sciences.
1860 W. Thomson Outl. Laws of Thought (ed. 5) §131. 281 Classification of the Sciences. Mathematics... Astronomy... Physics [etc.].
1865 J. S. Mill Auguste Comte 33 The concrete sciences..concern themselves only with the particular combinations of phaenomena which are found in existence.
1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 781/2 It may be said that in all sciences there are implied clearly defined notions, general statements or judgments, and methodical proofs.
1916 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 21 537 Law..is a training common to a dozen sciences that aim to reconstruct the past, including geology, paleoclimatology,..history, and judicial proof.
1946 R. J. C. Atkinson Field Archaeol. 12 One more problem..remains to be mentioned, the problem of co-operation between archaeologists and workers in other sciences.
1960 J. Cohen Chance, Skill & Luck i. 13 It does not follow that psychology lacks the status of an independent science and must be ‘reduced’ to neurophysiology, though this is what latter-day reductionists in effect demand.
1983 M. S. Peck People of Lie (1985) vii. 254 Being a science, however, it [sc. psychology] has shared in the traditions of science, which include a respect for value-free thinking.
2010 S.-T. Yan & S. Nadis Shape Inner Space xiii. 294 In physics and other empirical sciences, something thought to be true is always subject to revision.
c. With of. Denoting the application of scientific methods in a field of study, activity, etc., previously considered open only to theories based on subjective, historical, or undemonstrable abstract criteria.
ΚΠ
1777 S. Cooper Necessity & Truth Three Principal Revelations 5 Thus is the Science of Mind or Metaphysics placed on the summit of human knowledge.
1828 J. S. Mill in Westm. Rev. 9 140 The impugners of the school logic, as they term it, may be divided into two classes. The first class consists of men not untinctured with philosophy, including even some writers of considerable eminence in the science of mind.
1869 W. James Let. 21 Jan. in R. B. Perry Thought & Char. W. James (1935) I. 291 Some weeks ago I read the three last articles on ‘Science of Religions’ by Emile Burnouf in the Revue des deux mondes.
1909 D. Ainslie tr. B. Croce Aesthetic (subtitle) As science of expression and general linguistic.
1933 Burlington Mag. May 248/2 The great problem as to whether the science of art really is a science in the sense that the word is used in relation to natural science remains, however, unsolved.
1976 F. McDonagh tr. W. Pannenberg Theol. & Philos. of Sci. iv. 256 Theology then comes under the general heading of a science of religion.
2006 Science 24 Nov. 1235/2 A small but growing research field known as ‘molecular gastronomy’, or..‘the science of making delicious things’.
5.
a. The kind of organized knowledge or intellectual activity of which the various branches of learning are examples. In early use, with reference to sense 3a: what is taught in universities or may be learned by study. In later use: scientific disciplines considered collectively, as distinguished from other departments of learning; scientific doctrine or investigation; the collective understanding of scientists. Also with modifying word.In the 17th and 18th centuries commonly expressed by philosophy; cf. philosophy n. 5a.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > [noun]
learningc897
wisdomc950
witnessc950
lore971
clergya1225
wit1297
apprise1303
gramaryec1320
clergisea1330
cunning1340
lering1340
sciencea1387
schoola1393
studya1393
art?a1400
cunningnessa1400
leara1400
sophyc1440
doctrinec1460
mathesisa1475
grammarc1500
doctorship1567
knowledge1576
scholarship1579
virtuosoship1666
erudition1718
eruditenessa1834
Wissenschaft1834
savantism1855
scholarment1896
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun]
sciencea1387
mathesisa1475
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 3 After solempne and wise writeres of arte and of science.
?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 106 Ȝif ȝou lyke to knowe the vertues of þe dyamand..I schall telle ȝou as þei beȝonde the see seyn & affermen, of whom all science & all philosophie cometh from.
1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. i. f. 10v Who can not assure him selfe to haue learned any science, if hee make it not knowen, and if hee perceiue not that others which are learned allowe of it.
1653 W. Harvey Anat. Exercitations Pref. ⁋5 All their theory and contemplation (which they count Science) represents nothing but waking mens dreams, and sick mens phrensies.
1668 J. Dryden Of Dramatick Poesie 9 Nothing spreads more fast than Science, when rightly and generally cultivated.
1744 M. Akenside Pleasures Imagination ii. 127 Speak ye the pure delight, whose favoured steps The lamp of Science through the jealous maze Of Nature guides.
1759 O. Goldsmith Bee 20 Oct. 75 Nature was never more lavish of its gifts than it had been to her [sc. Hypasia], endued as she was with the most exalted understanding, and the happiest turn to science.
1833 T. Chalmers On Power Wisdom & Goodness of God I. i. i. §1. 57 Just as much as the properties of a triangle are the enduring stabilities of mathematical science.
1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 71 One who is certainly not chargeable with neglect of the substantials of historical science.
1864 T. S. Cobbold Entozoa 298 This species is new to science.
1922 E. P. Adams tr. A. Einstein Meaning of Relativity i. 1 The object of all science, whether natural science or psychology, is to co-ordinate our experiences and to bring them into a logical system.
1940 Social Forces 18 352/1 To this must be added the preoccupancy of science with empirical verification.
2004 What is Enlightenment? May 37/1 It wasn't until 1988..that he..returned to the world of science full time, plunging headlong into the study of biology, psychology, sociology, physics, and history.
b. spec. The intellectual and practical activity encompassing those branches of study that relate to the phenomena of the physical universe and their laws, sometimes with implied exclusion of pure mathematics. Also: this as a subject of study or examination. Cf. natural science n.The most usual sense since the mid 19th cent. when used without any qualification.Often contrasted with religion when regarded as constituting an influence on a person's world view or belief system; cf. quot. 1967. Cf. also scientism n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > [noun]
physicc1330
philosophya1387
natural philosophya1393
natural science?a1425
physicsc1487
philosophy of nature1695
physiology1704
science1779
azoology1817
material science1837
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > of material universe
philosophya1387
natural philosophya1393
natural science?a1425
experimental philosophy1651
science1779
stinks1869
1779 tr. C. F. X. Millot Elements Gen. Hist.: Pt. Second III. 118 Francis Bacon..shewed the futility of abstractions, which the doctors made their sole study; established the basis of science on the phænomena of nature.
1825 Glasgow Mechanics' Mag. 7 May 217/2 Sentiments of high respect and approbation with regard to that gentleman's talents in general, and as a public teacher of science.
1867 W. G. Ward in Dublin Rev. Apr. 255 We shall..use the word ‘science’ in the sense which Englishmen so commonly give to it; as expressing physical and experimental science, to the exclusion of theological and metaphysical.
1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce p. xiv An acquaintance with science or with the systematised knowledge of matter and its properties.
1871 G. C. T. Bartley Schools for People liv. 441 It will be noticed that Science was not included in the curriculum.
1913 C. Mackenzie Sinister St. I. ii. vii. 253 Science is all the go nowadays... And Science is what we want. Science and Religion.
1921 Times 15 Sept. 9/5 The Edinburgh meeting of the British Association will long be remembered as that at which the new atomic age was made known to those outside the inner ring of science.
1926 N.Y. Times 15 Dec. 32/8 Six hours of science must be taken in group three.
1955 Bull. Atomic Scientists Apr. 141/1 Science has become a major source of the power of civilized man.
1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 5 Aug. 305/2 The issue here is the same one that occurs repeatedly in the history of clashes between science and religion: belief derived from evidence after free investigation versus revealed Truth.
1976 Norwich Mercury 17 Dec. 3/8 Second year prizes—English,..mathematics,..science,..history,..geography,..music.
1981 Sci. Amer. Dec. 114/2 Not all cosmologists and philosophers of science assent to the utility of the anthropic principle, or even to its legitimacy.
2009 M. Militello et al. Leading with Inq. & Action v. 85 51 percent failed math and 53 percent failed science.
2010 J. D. Lowry & J. P. Lowry Turquoise i. 19/2 With advances in science, geologists know turquoise generally forms near the surface.
c. With the. The scientific principles or processes which govern or underpin a (specified) phenomenon, technology, etc. Also: the scientific research into these principles or processes. Usually with of or behind.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > [noun] > specific concepts or principles of
Newton's lawa1830
science1840
1840 Mechanics' Mag. 11 July 109/1 He reads that one..declares that..Leibnitz and Newton, the co-inventors of fluxions, did not understand ‘the science’ of fluxions. Or that Euclid understood not the principles or ‘science’ of geometry because some school boy could not ride over the pons asinorum!
1865 J. W. Nystrom On Technol. Educ. & Shipbuilding 103 Once, in a scientific meeting, efforts to explain the science of steamboiler explosions, and how to prevent the same, were silenced by the president of the meeting.
1924 Pop. Sci. Monthly Mar. 152/2 In ‘The Story of the Mind’ next month, Doctor Walsh will explain the science of our emotions—what they are and how to use them for profit.
1956 J. W. Oliver Hist. Amer. Technol. xxxvi. 546 The science behind radar involves the same principles as radio, and its adaptation..resulted from discoveries made in the early 1920's.
1989 New Scientist 26 Aug. 19/2 Today the Jeremiahs blame the ozone layer or the greenhouse effect, depending on personal prejudice and how much they understand the science involved.
2009 M. Siegel Swine Flu (e-book, accessed 7 Oct. 2013) iii I tried my best to explain the science of flu to the bus driver as well as to my patients.
d. Scientific results obtained from observations, experiments, etc.; scientific data. Frequently with the.
ΚΠ
1979 Science 13 Apr. 155/3 The reports, although detailed, are predictably cautious. (The group ‘drew a conclusion, and that is that the science is inconclusive,’ said Libassi.
1988 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 6 Jan. Electricity, the lifeblood of modern society, may pose previously unimagined risks to human health, a growing body of science indicates.
1990 Independent 28 May 14/2 Yet no sooner had the ‘early warning’ been published, than the world of politics began its attempt to massage the science into line with perceived expediency.
2007 J. Rippe High Performance Health 42 Others tout the latest ‘magical’ foods, claiming health benefits well beyond what the science shows.
6. As a personification (in various senses).
ΚΠ
c1475 Court of Sapience (Trin. Cambr.) (1927) l. 1878 (MED) The philosofres, whyche rehersyd bene Wyth Dame Science..Wyth thys lady eke goodly were be sene, And had concourse to her in speciall.
?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) 1813 in Shorter Poems (2003) 112 With him are assessouris four of one ascent Science, prudence, Iustice, Sapience.
a1668 W. D'Avenant Wks. (1673) 276 Many Goths give frighted Science chace, All Empires covet, and would all deface.
1747 T. Gray Ode Eton Coll. 3 Where grateful Science still adores Her Henry's holy Shade.
1862 G. H. Lewes Let. 30 Aug. in George Eliot Lett. (1955) IV. 52 It is some comfort to reflect that Science keeps aloof from such misplaced and unjustifiable criticisms.
1894 A. Lang Cock Lane 328 It is in this way that Science makes herself disliked.
1999 G. Bear Darwin's Radio i. 9 Mitch had gotten in trouble with institutions before... Until now, he had never slighted Dame Science herself.
†7. A craft, trade, or occupation requiring trained skill; a skilled profession. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > [noun] > regular occupation, trade, or profession > craft
crafteOE
craftworkOE
handcraftOE
mister?c1225
cunning1340
arta1393
mysterya1400
sciencec1485
handicraft1523
mechanic1604
magistery1647
tradecraft1842
c1485 (?a1400) Child Bristow l. 78 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 316 He gaf hym gold gret plente, The child his prentys shuld be His science for to conne.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Siiii Whan a virgine begynneth first to lerne to sewe in the samplar, that science to her as than semeth very hard.
1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 13 That no..persones..shalbe enterpret or expounded hande craftesmen, in, for, or by reason of usyng any of the sayde mysteryes, or scyens, of bakyng, bruyng, surgery or wrytyng.
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Hviv Hvsbandrye is a scyence common to them all ingenerall, both men and women, wherin they be all experte and cunnynge.
1576 in F. J. Furnivall Gild of St. Mary, Lichfield (1920) 26 The Master, Wardens and Combretheren of the mystery, crafte, and Scyence of the Taylers of the Citie of Lichffelde.
1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. Bv My iolly coze..Became a Shoomaker in Wittenberg, A goodly science for a gentleman.
1660 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1877) II. 156 No person shall henceforth open a shop in this Towne, nor occupy any manufacture or Science, till hee hath compleated 21 years of age.
8. Esp. with reference to boxing: skilful technique, trained skill. Cf. noble science n. 2, scienced adj. 2. Now archaic and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > trained skill
science1785
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > [noun] > skill in
science1785
glovework1822
ringcraft1840
1785 G. A. Bellamy Apol. Life IV. lxxxvi. 110 She could by no means be said to surpass Mrs. Yates, who joined hard earned science to her other great qualifications.
1792 W. Roberts Looker-on No. 31. 247 Mr. Powell, the fire-eater, is a singular genius; and Mendoza has more science than Johnson.
1812 Sporting Mag. 39 22 Molineux sparred neatly early in the fight, but he lost his science after he had been a good deal punished.
1889 Field 12 Jan. 41/2 It was most disappointing to their huntsman to have the cup thus dashed from his lips when it only required a kill to render complete as fine an exhibition of science as could possibly be seen.
1921 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 7 May 7/3 Bim was a light heavyweight, a rusher, a foul fighter, with little science, great strength and a brutish courage.
9. Oxford University slang. That part of the course of study in Literae Humaniores (literae humaniores n.) which includes ancient and modern philosophy. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > [noun]
philosophy1531
science1831
thoughta1853
1831 W. E. Gladstone Diary 14 Nov. in J. Morley Life Gladstone (1903) I. i. iii. 78 Examined by..Hampden in science.
1848 J. H. Newman Loss & Gain iii. iv. 320 Our men know their books well, but I should not say that science is their line.
1855 M. Pattison Oxf. Stud. in Oxf. Ess. 290 A new element of uncertainty came in, in the difference between taste and scholarship on the one hand, and attainment in Aristotle (science, it was called) on the other.
1905 H. Paul Life Froude ii. 26 Froude remained at Oxford..taking pupils in what was then called science, and would now be called philosophy, for the Honour School of Literæ Humaniores.
10. Chiefly U.S. Usually with capital initial. In the context of Christian Science or the language of Christian Scientists: = Christian Science n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > medical theories or doctrines > [noun] > religious
Christian Science1875
Higher Thought1878
science1878
New Thought1887
society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Christian Science > [noun]
Christian Science1875
science1878
Christian Scientism1887
1875 M. B. Eddy Sci. & Health viii. 422 A student once said, ‘this science has made me all I am’, and that was saying more, perhaps, than he was aware.]
1878 in M. B. Eddy Sci. & Health (ed. 2) II. v. 151 I never thought I was a very wicked man until I attempted to learn of Science.
1902 ‘M. Twain’ in N. Amer. Rev. Dec. 768 Does the Science kill a patient here and there and now and then?
1946 Christian Sci. Jrnl. Dec. 616 We called on a practitioner to learn what this Science was.
1980 A. Wilson Setting World on Fire ii. i. 51 Servants..live in a world of doctors and illnesses and death... Of course I wasn't in Science then. I believed all their nonsense.
1996 C. Burke Becoming Mod. xvi. 327 While Mina found relief in talks with Mrs. Ramsey, the Christian Science practitioner, she considered the daily lessons ‘too boring’, she told Joella, herself a faithful follower of Science.

Phrases

P1.
a. man of science: †(a) a man who possesses knowledge in any branch of learning, or trained skill in any art or craft (obsolete); (b) a man who is an expert in or student of one or more branches of (esp. natural or physical) science; a male scientist (now somewhat archaic).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > [noun] > physical scientist or natural philosopher
physiciana1425
man of science1482
natural philosopher?1541
naturalist1581
physiologer1598
physicist1858
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > learned person, scholar > [noun]
uþwitec888
larewc900
learnerc900
witec900
wise manOE
leredc1154
masterc1225
readera1387
artificer1449
man of science1482
rabbi1527
rabbin1531
worthy1567
artsmanc1574
philologer1588
artist1592
virtuoso1613
sophist1614
fulla1616
scholastica1633
philologist1638
gnostic1641
scholarian1647
pundit1661
scientman1661
savant1719
ollamh1723
maulvi1776
pandect1791
Sabora1797
erudit1800
mallam1829
Gelehrter1836
erudite1865
walking encyclopaedia1868
Einstein1942
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skilful person > skilled and knowledgeable person
man of science1482
pundit1816
wise man1959
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > scientist
man of science1482
natural philosopher?1541
secretary of nature1580
artsman1632
experimental philosopher1651
artist1665
scientific1738
sciencist1778
scientist1834
scientician1841
scientiate1847
scient1854
sciencer1871
natural scientist1872
specialist1918
boffin1945
1482 W. Caxton tr. Higden's Prolicionycion vi. xv. f. cccjv Also this robert was a connyng man of scyence, & wold in high festes of sayntes in somme abbay of his kyngdom, syng owther bere a coope and rule the quere.
a1500 Ratis Raving (Cambr. Kk.1.5) l. 1782 in R. Girvan Ratis Raving & Other Early Scots Poems (1939) 50 For-thi trow to the visest men Of sciens that couth tech and ken.
1552 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. ii. 119 Here after is declared the names of all suche officers, men of Scyence, Artyficers, Craftismen, and other mynistres.
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 16 Sen the saidis lordis and gentilmen being men of science [etc.].
1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura v. 104 The Original Drawings of the great Masters, being dispersed amongst the hands of the greatest Princes, and men of Science only, are preserved with jealousie.
1746 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 40 J. Bapt. Porta, who is well known to all the Men of Science of all Nations, built his System of Physiognomy upon that of Aristotle.
1759 S. Johnson 2nd Let. to Gazetteer 8 Dec. in Wks. (1787) X. 295 No man of science will deny, that architecture has..degenerated at Rome to the lowest state.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Peter Bell III iv, in Poet. Wks. (?1840) 242/2 It was his fancy to invite Men of science, wit, and learning, Who came to lend each other light.
1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud iv. vii, in Maud & Other Poems 18 The man of science himself is fonder of glory, and vain, An eye well-practised in nature, a spirit bounded and poor.
1890 R. Le Gallienne G. Meredith 71 The man of science is nothing if not a poet gone wrong.
1927 Observer 20 Mar. 24/3 Modern florists and men of science..have made a rainbow out of a single colour (as in the nemesia).
2009 Independent 31 Dec. (Life section) 15/5 Part of the DNA running through this adaptation was all those horror films in which a cocky young man of science has his certainties upturned.
b. woman of science: †(a) a woman of knowledge or understanding (obsolete); (b) a woman who is an expert in or student of one or more branches of (esp. natural or physical) science; a female scientist (now somewhat archaic).
ΚΠ
1591 J. M. Phillippes Venus f. 2 To burne one Candle, in seeking another: to exercise our tungs, fill our eares, but deceiue our expectations: to talke of warre, were too vnseemelye for women of Science, not fitting our sexe.
1757 W. Huggins Annot. Orlando Furioso 73/2 This charming nurse is a woman of Science, skilled in the laconic as well as the pathetic, and an excellent oratrix.
1817 Revealer of Secrets II. viii. 129 It was easy to become a woman of science; she had only to talk of gas, and oxygen and decomposition.
1883 P. A. Hanaford Daughters of Amer. 263 Mary M. Chase (though she would hardly have numbered herself among the women of science) was a lover of botany.
1909 Science 26 Nov. 757/1 Women of genius would be given an equal opportunity with men of genius, and the absurd distinctions of salary inherited from the public schools would no longer be a drag upon the scientific work of the university. The woman of science, like the man, would be worthy her hire.
1975 Bull. Atomic Scientists Feb. 47/2 Rachel Carson, a woman of science who heard the message more clearly than her male colleagues, launched the environmental revolution in the United States with her publication of Silent Spring.
2013 Edmonton (Alberta) Jrnl. (Nexis) 3 June d1 Santarossa is a veterinarian, so she is a woman of science first and foremost.
P2. the Dismal Science: see the first element.
P3. to blind (a person) with science. Frequently in passive, as to be blinded by (also with) science.
a. Australian Boxing slang. To overcome (an opponent) using greater skill. Cf. sense 8. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1915 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) 25 Apr. 19/8 His reach and unerring left that had so sorely troubled earlier opponents were valueless. Kay completely blinded him with science.
1919 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) 19 Jan. 4/7 Joe..being a clever tapper, with a dandy left, was fairly blinding him with science.
b. colloquial (originally Australian). To overwhelm or confound (a person) by means of detailed, complex, or technical (esp. scientific) information.
ΚΠ
1931 Sydney Morning Herald 1 June 11/3 Nine out of every ten such taxpayers must say that it is a mass of complexity, and cannot be understood. To put the position in a boxing phrase, ‘He is blinded with science’.
1948 E. Partridge et al. Dict. Forces' Slang 18 Blind with science, to explain away an offence, a mistake, by talking at great length and very technically, thus dazzling one's interlocutor into non-pursuance of the matter. (Mostly Army.)
1973 Daily Tel. 17 Oct. 14/6 We are also more familiar..with the tendency for people to be blinded by science and to succumb to ‘expert’ medical opinion, however quackish.
1980 Jrnl. Amer. Stud. 14 258 A mistaken attempt to appeal to the common reader on the one hand, and to blind him with science on the other.
2006 S. Pape & S. Featherstone Feature Writing x. 126 Although the reader should never be blinded by science, the focus will often be on the importance of medical breakthroughs in terms of improving quality of life.
P4. to drop science: see drop v. Additions.

Compounds

C1.
a. General attributive and objective (chiefly in sense 5b).
ΚΠ
1832 Treble Almanack iii. 101 Select Classical and Science-school, and Institution for Students of Trinity College only.
1895 Rocky Mountain News (Denver) 11 Oct. 5/1 They were going to chloroform the grasshoppers and then dissect the insects and mount the various parts of it on cards for their science lesson in school the next day.
1916 H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. i. 16 Ruskin and Morris..were as reactionary and anti-scientific as the dukes and the bishops. Machine haters. Science haters.
1972 New Scientist 16 Mar. 619/1 (advt.) The school has a well-equipped science block with six laboratories and a technical staff.
1984 Nature 12 Jan. 103/2 The amount of evolution covered in pre-college science books is documentably declining.
2001 A. Sheehan Chasing Hawk (2002) 110 I fell in with another group of misfits—science geeks mostly, who had joined the team simply because no other sport would have them.
2007 Ecologist July 94/3 Smith has to be the best science communicator alive today, and this book stands as the final word on the health risks of genetically modified food.
b. Forming adjectives in combination with a past participle.
science-based adj.
ΚΠ
1850 Dublin Univ. Mag. Nov. 547/1 Not a mere dilettante smattering of pictures, statues, or buildings, but a thoroughly science-based knowledge of the principles of beauty.
1962 Economist 14 Apr. 187/1 An industry can be science-based, said Lord Hailsham, and yet do little or no actual research.
2011 U. Bardi Limits to Growth Revisited i. 2 We have excellent predictive tools in the form of science-based models.
science-led adj.
ΚΠ
1921 Berkeley (Calif.) Daily Gaz. 18 Oct. 5/7 A Science-led Industrial Democracy with a unified rational Purpose.
2007 J. C. Lovett et al. in R. E. Hester & R. M. Harrison Biodeversity under Threat 184 With increasing recognition of the impacts of climate change on ecological, social and economic levels, there is a need to develop a science-led policy framework.
science-oriented adj.
ΚΠ
1952 F. L. K. Hsu Relig., Sci. & Human Crises 8 A science-oriented people do not always differentiate magic with a pseudo-scientific wrapping from science.
2004 A. E. Preston Leaving Sci. ii. 24 Completion of a set of science-oriented courses is a prerequisite for medical school.
science-related adj.
ΚΠ
1954 AIBS Bull. 4 27/2 As an immediate service to teachers, the Foundation is distributing a pamphlet entitled, ‘Let's Help Science Teachers Find Science-Related Summer Jobs in Industry’.
2008 K. Hadley & M. J. Fereday Ensuring Competent Performance in Forensic Pract. 132 Employers reported that they would prefer to recruit graduates who have a traditional science-related degree.
c.
science class n.
ΚΠ
1847 Gen. Rep. Public Instr. Lower Provinces Bengal Presidency 75 In the competition at the close of the summer term the gold medal which is the first prize in the science class of Botany, was gained by Bholonath Bose.
1931 Boys' Life Sept. 56/4 Our lunch hour was from twelve-thirty to two o'clock, after which we had a Science class, taught by Mr. Williams.
2006 L. S. Brown & T. A. Holme Chem. for Engin. Students i. 9 We..have to remember some basic facts about fire that we've seen in science classes before.
science experiment n.
ΚΠ
1875 Punch 25 Sept. 126/2 Men..Will smile just awhile at the Science experiment, Then welcome pure Poetry's music, depth, merriment.
1998 B. K. Rothman Genetic Maps & Human Imaginations 31 Daniel..came home all excited about a science experiment that they had done in school.
science journal n.
ΚΠ
1871 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 13 Feb. The illustrious astronomer, Padre Secchi,..whose astronomical observations..are quoted in every science journal in the universe.
1997 Independent 30 Jan. i. 2/5 They report in today's edition of the science journal Nature that a gene known as bcl-2..helped severed nerve axons in mice to regrow.
science lab n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > workshop > [noun] > laboratory > types of
science laboratory1875
science lab1898
1898 E. Rutherford Let. 25 Sept. in Life & Lett. Ld. Rutherford (1939) iii. 63 I have met Mr Macdonald several times, he is the millionaire who has given all the money for the Science labs.
2004 M. Beattie Narr. in Making ii. 19 The school has no staff room, no music room, no science labs, and no gymnasium.
science laboratory n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > workshop > [noun] > laboratory > types of
science laboratory1875
science lab1898
1875 Marlburian 1 Dec. 191/1 We saw lately in Rome a large Monastery which had been thus taken from the clerics, and converted into science laboratories in connection with a technical College.
1995 Times Educ. Suppl. 10 Feb. 53/3 (advt.) The school has recently received a grant of nearly a third of a million pounds for refurbishment and suiting of the science laboratories.
science-monger n.
ΚΠ
a1628 F. Greville Treat. Humane Learning xxvii, in Certaine Wks. (1633) 28 Strong instances to put all Arts to schoole, And proue the science-monger but a foole.
1808 Ann. Rev. 6 660/2 Another generation..who are bred up to repeat that myriad of new words with which the French revolution, and the French science-mongers have inundated European literature.
1901 Chemist & Drugger 7 Dec. 919/2 Employers look dubiously at the holders of the Major certificate. They are afraid it decorates a mere science-monger.
1988 Amer. Anthropologist 90 264 Despite the high hopes of some fierce sciencemongers, there are no clear and certain methods of producing good ideas.
science museum n.
ΚΠ
1860 Chem. News 28 Apr. 245/1 Standing between our Art Museum and our Science Museum there is an additional museum, which has more particularly in view the teaching of the elements of the various branches of knowledge which are brought before the young.
1997 J. Mansell Perfect Timing xviii. 91 The last time Dina had visited London had been on a school trip to the Science Museum which had bored her stupid.
science professor n.
ΚΠ
1866 Manch. Guardian 10 Oct. 5/5 What can be more important for an association of science professors than dealing with the health, not of individuals, but of masses?
2012 Isis 103 552 A cabal of Cambridge University science professors took up the challenge by collectively writing Science and the Nation.
science teacher n.
ΚΠ
1851 Evid. Visitation Clonmel Endowed School Accts. & Papers 20: Ireland 2 in Parl. Papers L. 365 Mr. Murray commenced as science teacher in August 1842, at a salary of 100 l. a year.
1966 Yuma (Arizona) Daily Sun 18 Aug. b7/3 Science teachers have built a ‘froggery’, an absorbing kind of aquarium for students to watch.
2005 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 27 June 7/7 Canberra science teacher Paul Floyd said the alignment of the three planets will not happen again until 2045.
science teaching n.
ΚΠ
1859 6th Rep. Sci. & Art Dept. (Comm. Council on Educ.) 13 The whole question of science-teaching has received the careful consideration of the Board.
1959 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 80/2 Science-teaching should always be permeated by a heuristic bias (i.e. methods of investigation must be used whenever possible).
2001 N.Y. Times 6 May ii. 4/6 Right-brain methods take a back seat to traditional science teaching, which emphasizes rules and mathematics.
C2.
science-bitten adj. and n. rare (a) adj. enthusiastic about or obsessed with science; (b) n. (with the and plural agreement) people who are enthusiastic about or obsessed with science, as a class.
ΚΠ
1854 C. Reade in Bentley's Misc. 35 604 Casenower, the science-bitten, had read all the books chemists wrote on agriculture.
1904 H. L. Wilson Seeker xix. 240 We already know how to reach the heathen, the unbookish, the unthinking—but how reach the educated—the science-bitten ?
1987 C. Zaleski Otherworld Journeys iii. vi. 100 Proof of life after death has not always been the purpose of such literature; that particular interest is characteristic of our own doubt-ridden and science-bitten culture.
science fair n. (a) North American a school fair in which students exhibit science projects they have designed, typically as part of a competition; (b) (more generally) a science-themed public exhibition, typically with stalls and demonstrations.
ΚΠ
1930 Roswell (New Mexico) Daily Record 10 Apr. 8/3 The science department of the Senior High school plans to hold a science fair.
1961 Times 30 Aug. 9/3 140,000 people attended lectures and showings of scientific films..while a first science fair—held in Manchester—was attended by a further 12,000.
1997 M. Groening et al. Simpsons: Compl. Guide 109/1 Bart pelts Principal Skinner with a tomato that Lisa has grown for her science fair project.
2003 Time Out N.Y. 15 May 26/3 I made my way to the Exploratorium, a cool interactive museum that's home to irresistible hands-on exhibits reminiscent of school science fairs.
2012 Sunday Times (Nexis) 26 Feb. (100 Best Small Companies section) 20 The company [sc. Bazaarvoice] makes sure it solicits the views of its own people, too, and holds a science fair to showcase bright ideas.
science master n. †(a) a person who is an expert in a science (obsolete); (b) a male teacher of science.
ΚΠ
1763 Beauties of all Mag. Sel. Oct. 440/2 Sir James Thornhil secured Mr. Hogarth a place; and that I take it to be the reason why he had not a new salary while the fashion lasted, of pensioning arts and science masters.
1856 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 5 Jan. Science Master in the University and Military Institution, Talbot-place.
1914 Pop. Sci. Monthly Nov. 511 It used to be that a science master gave an experimental lecture, and afterwards he had a very easy time, letting the students follow a set routine in the laboratory.
2002 Times Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 6 Sept. 4 Mr Nissen had been a science master at Lancing College, and gone into the church on his retirement.
science park n. (a) U.S. a large protected area of land which is kept in its natural state primarily for the purpose of scientific study (rare); (b) originally U.S. an area of land devoted to scientific research facilities or the development of industries based on science or technology; cf. business park n. at business n. Compounds 5, research park n. at research n.1 Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > [noun] > area of land devoted to
science park1961
1906 School Sci. & Math. Jan. 74 C. W. D. Parsons, offered a resolution regarding the preservation of Niagara Falls as a science park which was adopted.
1961 Cumberland (Maryland) Evening Times 25 May 3/6 President Kennedy's special science advisor has suggested ‘science parks’ created by community effort as a way to draw technological industry to Maryland.
1981 Daily Tel. 31 July 8/3 A 116-acre science park to attract high technology-based firms, and provide hundreds of jobs, is to be established in Peterborough. Lynch Wood Science Park will also include conference and sports centres and a hotel.
2011 R. Porter From Mao to Market vii. 142 The establishment of science parks, where academic researchers from scientific institutions can apply their knowledge to practical problems.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.c1350
随便看

　

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。

　

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间：2024/11/10 17:24:29