blackflyn.

Brit.

/ˈblakflʌɪ/, U.S.

/ˈblækˌflaɪ/

Forms: see black adj. and n. and fly n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., fly n.¹

Etymology: < black adj. + fly n.¹

†1. Any dark-coloured insect, esp. a dark-coloured beetle. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined by movement > that flies

blackflyc1475

swallow-fly1668

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > artificial fly > types of

moor flylOE

drake-flya1450

dub-flya1450

dun cut1496

dun fly1496

louper1496

red fly1616

moorish fly1635

palmer1653

palmer fly1653

red hackle1653

red palmer1653

shell-fly1653

orange fly1662

blackfly1669

dun1676

dun hackle1676

hackle1676

mayfly1676

peacock fly1676

thorn-tree fly1676

turkey-fly1676

violet-fly1676

whirling dun1676

badger fly1681

greenfly1686

moorish brown1689

prime dun1696

sandfly1700

grey midge1724

whirling blue1747

dun drake?1758

death drake1766

hackle fly1786

badger1787

blue1787

brown-fly1787

camel-brown1787

spinner1787

midge1799

night-fly1799

thorn-fly1799

turkey1799

withy-fly1799

grayling fly1811

sun fly1820

cock-a-bondy1835

brown moth1837

bunting-lark fly1837

governor1837

water-hen hackle1837

Waterloo fly1837

coachman1839

soldier palmer1839

blue jay1843

red tag1850

canary1855

white-tip1856

spider1857

bumble1859

doctor1860

ibis1863

Jock Scott1866

eagle1867

highlander1867

jay1867

John Scott1867

judge1867

parson1867

priest1867

snow-fly1867

Jack Scott1874

Alexandra1875

silver doctor1875

Alexandra fly1882

grackle1894

grizzly queen1894

heckle-fly1897

Zulu1898

thunder and lightning1910

streamer1919

Devon1924

peacock1950

c1475 MS Sloane 4 in Notes & Queries (1864) 2 July 4/1 Y^e flesse flye, y^e blacke flye, y^e eruyge, y^e old waspys.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement f. xix^v Bettle a blacke flye, escargot.

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 86 The blacke Flyes called Beetles.

1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 918 In the Cross-Bath the Guides have observed a certain black Fly with Sealed Wings, in the form of a Lady-cow, but somewhat bigger.

1749 B. Martin Lingua Britannica Reformata at Bug May bug, the black-fly or beetle.

a. A blackish aphid or plant louse, many kinds of which are pests of cultivated plants; esp. the common black bean aphid, Aphis fabae, which attacks beans and other plants. Formerly also: †any of various thrips that are pests of plants (obsolete). Frequently with unmarked plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined by feeding or parasitism > parasite(s) > infesting plants

blackfly1652

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > miscellaneous types > frank liniella robusta or black fly

blackfly1652

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Homoptera > family Aphis

cantharidesa1398

blackfly1652

greenflya1680

green louse1682

green bug1704

collier1742

puceron1744

plant louse1763

aphis1771

leaf louse1774

smother-fly1785

tree-louse1797

ant cow1875

aphid1884

stilt-bug1895

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Thysanoptera > genus Thrips > member(s) of

blackfly1652

thrip1699

thunder-fly1854

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Homoptera > family Aphis > aphis rumicis (black-fly)

blackfly1652

1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved xxxvii. 238 The unkindly Hop..comes up green, and small in stalk, thick and rough in leaves like nettles, much bitten with a black fly, but it destroyes not the Hop, but hurteth it somewhat.

1681 T. Langford Plain Instr. Fruit-trees xii.109 Caterpillars, or black Flies, that eat up buds, leaves and blossoms.

1706 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation (ed. 5) iv. 70 The Black fly is to be found on every Haw-thorn-bush, after the Buds are come forth.

1850 Working Man's Friend 13 July 55/1 To Remove the Aphides, or black fly.

1889 Gardeners' Chron. 12 Jan. 47/3 Trees which were during summer infested with blackfly, &c., should have a good washing with soapsuds.

1917 Garden Mag. Mar. 102/3 You can't have good Chrysanthemums if you allow them to become infested with blackfly.

1990 Org. Gardening Dec. 51/1 Various natural garden insects eat blackfly.

2005 Cheshire Life Aug. 153/3 Aphids (greenfly and blackfly) are another garden pest which are an important food source for many creatures.

b. Infestation of a plant with such a pest.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > caused by insects

canker1555

grubbing1844

oyster shell scale1877

aphis-blight1882

big bud1884

blackfly1884

fly-blight1887

scale-blight1898

parasitization1909

1884 Culture Veg. & Flowers (Sutton & Sons Ltd) 269 The Blue and the Black Fly are common plagues of the Peach-house and the orchard.

1948 G. D. H. Bell Cultivated Plants Farm xii. 101 Winter beans do not suffer so badly from ‘black fly’, and autumn sowing is more easily achieved on heavy soils, than is spring sowing.

1951 New Biol. 11 50 Many a garden crop of beans..has been saved from the devastating ‘black-fly’ by early pinching-out of the growing tips.

2008 D. S. Hill Pests Crops in Warmer Climates ix. 169/2 If new nursery stock is brought into an orchard which is still free from Blackfly the plants should be completely defoliated.

3. Originally North American. Any of numerous small dark biting fleas of the genus Simulium or (more widely) the family Simuliidae, which breed in running water. Also called buffalo gnat.The females of many species suck blood, causing distress to livestock and humans and transmitting several diseases. In northern North America large numbers can build up and become a serious nuisance. In tropical countries blackflies are responsible for transmitting river blindness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Nematocera > family Simuliidae > member of genus Simulium

blackfly1776

gnat1787

buffalo gnat1822

buffalo fly1849

kabouri1899

turkey-gnat1899

simulium1902

1769 J. Knox Hist. Jrnl. Campaigns N.-Amer. I. 319 There is a very distinctive kind of black fly, which also stings most intolerably; it is scarcely perceptible to the naked eye.]

1776 in Maryland Hist. Mag. 27 (1932) 258 Bit very much with black flies, face in lumps.

1848 H. D. Thoreau in Union Mag. July 29/1 In the summer myriads of black flies, or, as the Indians call them, ‘no-see-ems’, make travelling in the woods almost impossible.

1876 Fur, Fin & Feather Sept. 139 At Calais, Maine, last fall rugged grouse were as thick as black flies in August.

1920 C. P. Alexander Crane-flies N.Y. II. 801 They bear a superficial resemblance to the pupae of the black fly (Simuliidae).

1959 Times 30 Oct. 15/1 Blackfly or buffalo gnat, but coming to be known in West Africa by the ominous name of ‘eye flies’.

1987 Outdoor Canada June–July 19 (advt.) Not even a strike from mosquitoes, black flies, chiggers, ticks, fleas or gnats.

2005 A. Burdick Out of Eden (2006) v. 65 The nono [is] a tiny, vicious blackfly that plagues beaches of the Marquesas and doomed those islands' resorts.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	blackfly
释义	blackflyn. Brit. /ˈblakflʌɪ/, U.S. /ˈblækˌflaɪ/ Forms: see black adj. and n. and fly n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., fly n.¹ Etymology: < black adj. + fly n.¹ †1. Any dark-coloured insect, esp. a dark-coloured beetle. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined by movement > that flies blackflyc1475 swallow-fly1668 the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > artificial fly > types of moor flylOE drake-flya1450 dub-flya1450 dun cut1496 dun fly1496 louper1496 red fly1616 moorish fly1635 palmer1653 palmer fly1653 red hackle1653 red palmer1653 shell-fly1653 orange fly1662 blackfly1669 dun1676 dun hackle1676 hackle1676 mayfly1676 peacock fly1676 thorn-tree fly1676 turkey-fly1676 violet-fly1676 whirling dun1676 badger fly1681 greenfly1686 moorish brown1689 prime dun1696 sandfly1700 grey midge1724 whirling blue1747 dun drake?1758 death drake1766 hackle fly1786 badger1787 blue1787 brown-fly1787 camel-brown1787 spinner1787 midge1799 night-fly1799 thorn-fly1799 turkey1799 withy-fly1799 grayling fly1811 sun fly1820 cock-a-bondy1835 brown moth1837 bunting-lark fly1837 governor1837 water-hen hackle1837 Waterloo fly1837 coachman1839 soldier palmer1839 blue jay1843 red tag1850 canary1855 white-tip1856 spider1857 bumble1859 doctor1860 ibis1863 Jock Scott1866 eagle1867 highlander1867 jay1867 John Scott1867 judge1867 parson1867 priest1867 snow-fly1867 Jack Scott1874 Alexandra1875 silver doctor1875 Alexandra fly1882 grackle1894 grizzly queen1894 heckle-fly1897 Zulu1898 thunder and lightning1910 streamer1919 Devon1924 peacock1950 c1475 MS Sloane 4 in Notes & Queries (1864) 2 July 4/1 Y^e flesse flye, y^e blacke flye, y^e eruyge, y^e old waspys. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement f. xix^v Bettle a blacke flye, escargot. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 86 The blacke Flyes called Beetles. 1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 918 In the Cross-Bath the Guides have observed a certain black Fly with Sealed Wings, in the form of a Lady-cow, but somewhat bigger. 1749 B. Martin Lingua Britannica Reformata at Bug May bug, the black-fly or beetle. 2. a. A blackish aphid or plant louse, many kinds of which are pests of cultivated plants; esp. the common black bean aphid, Aphis fabae, which attacks beans and other plants. Formerly also: †any of various thrips that are pests of plants (obsolete). Frequently with unmarked plural. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined by feeding or parasitism > parasite(s) > infesting plants blackfly1652 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > miscellaneous types > frank liniella robusta or black fly blackfly1652 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Homoptera > family Aphis cantharidesa1398 blackfly1652 greenflya1680 green louse1682 green bug1704 collier1742 puceron1744 plant louse1763 aphis1771 leaf louse1774 smother-fly1785 tree-louse1797 ant cow1875 aphid1884 stilt-bug1895 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Thysanoptera > genus Thrips > member(s) of blackfly1652 thrip1699 thunder-fly1854 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Homoptera > family Aphis > aphis rumicis (black-fly) blackfly1652 1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved xxxvii. 238 The unkindly Hop..comes up green, and small in stalk, thick and rough in leaves like nettles, much bitten with a black fly, but it destroyes not the Hop, but hurteth it somewhat. 1681 T. Langford Plain Instr. Fruit-trees xii.109 Caterpillars, or black Flies, that eat up buds, leaves and blossoms. 1706 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation (ed. 5) iv. 70 The Black fly is to be found on every Haw-thorn-bush, after the Buds are come forth. 1850 Working Man's Friend 13 July 55/1 To Remove the Aphides, or black fly. 1889 Gardeners' Chron. 12 Jan. 47/3 Trees which were during summer infested with blackfly, &c., should have a good washing with soapsuds. 1917 Garden Mag. Mar. 102/3 You can't have good Chrysanthemums if you allow them to become infested with blackfly. 1990 Org. Gardening Dec. 51/1 Various natural garden insects eat blackfly. 2005 Cheshire Life Aug. 153/3 Aphids (greenfly and blackfly) are another garden pest which are an important food source for many creatures. b. Infestation of a plant with such a pest. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > caused by insects canker1555 grubbing1844 oyster shell scale1877 aphis-blight1882 big bud1884 blackfly1884 fly-blight1887 scale-blight1898 parasitization1909 1884 Culture Veg. & Flowers (Sutton & Sons Ltd) 269 The Blue and the Black Fly are common plagues of the Peach-house and the orchard. 1948 G. D. H. Bell Cultivated Plants Farm xii. 101 Winter beans do not suffer so badly from ‘black fly’, and autumn sowing is more easily achieved on heavy soils, than is spring sowing. 1951 New Biol. 11 50 Many a garden crop of beans..has been saved from the devastating ‘black-fly’ by early pinching-out of the growing tips. 2008 D. S. Hill Pests Crops in Warmer Climates ix. 169/2 If new nursery stock is brought into an orchard which is still free from Blackfly the plants should be completely defoliated. 3. Originally North American. Any of numerous small dark biting fleas of the genus Simulium or (more widely) the family Simuliidae, which breed in running water. Also called buffalo gnat.The females of many species suck blood, causing distress to livestock and humans and transmitting several diseases. In northern North America large numbers can build up and become a serious nuisance. In tropical countries blackflies are responsible for transmitting river blindness. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Nematocera > family Simuliidae > member of genus Simulium blackfly1776 gnat1787 buffalo gnat1822 buffalo fly1849 kabouri1899 turkey-gnat1899 simulium1902 1769 J. Knox Hist. Jrnl. Campaigns N.-Amer. I. 319 There is a very distinctive kind of black fly, which also stings most intolerably; it is scarcely perceptible to the naked eye.] 1776 in Maryland Hist. Mag. 27 (1932) 258 Bit very much with black flies, face in lumps. 1848 H. D. Thoreau in Union Mag. July 29/1 In the summer myriads of black flies, or, as the Indians call them, ‘no-see-ems’, make travelling in the woods almost impossible. 1876 Fur, Fin & Feather Sept. 139 At Calais, Maine, last fall rugged grouse were as thick as black flies in August. 1920 C. P. Alexander Crane-flies N.Y. II. 801 They bear a superficial resemblance to the pupae of the black fly (Simuliidae). 1959 Times 30 Oct. 15/1 Blackfly or buffalo gnat, but coming to be known in West Africa by the ominous name of ‘eye flies’. 1987 Outdoor Canada June–July 19 (advt.) Not even a strike from mosquitoes, black flies, chiggers, ticks, fleas or gnats. 2005 A. Burdick Out of Eden (2006) v. 65 The nono [is] a tiny, vicious blackfly that plagues beaches of the Marquesas and doomed those islands' resorts. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1475
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