scouringn.²

Etymology: < scour v.² + -ing suffix¹.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈscouring.

a. The action of polishing or cleaning by hard rubbing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun]

scouringa1398

scrub1621

scrubbing1749

brush1822

offscouring1896

scour1910

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. i. 826 It [sc. grauele] haþ vertue for to clense metalle and to waste rustynes of metalle by frotyng and scowryng þereof.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28061 Þarfor ilkan i rede for-loke þat þai..skir þam sua wit þair in-sight, þair conscience sua clene and bright, þat þai þar-in leue nakin thing þat ani nede haf o scuring.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 197/1 Glacynge, or scowrynge [Winch. MS. shoryng] of harneys, pernitidacio, perlucidacio.

1477–9 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 80 For scowryng of the Standardis candilstikkis, & the Rode loft.

1547 in E. B. Jupp Carpenters' Co. (1887) 387 Paid to the bedylls wyffe for skoryng of the vessell, iiij d.

1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 295 Brasse and Copper and baser mettals are kept bright with scowring.

1741 Mem. Martinus Scriblerus iv. 15 in A. Pope Wks. II Thus..hath Heav'n..afflicted me with the scouring of my Shield.

1862 M. T. Morrall Hist. Needle-making 11 The next process is scouring.

b. figurative.

ΚΠ

1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cxlvij^v Those doctours..nether thought or once dreamed..of any soch whisperinge or of pardons, or scouringe of purgatory, as they have fayned.

a. The process of cleansing wool, cloth, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun]

scouring1464

washing1480

wash1704

handwashing1793

dobeying1929

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > [noun] > cleaning wool

scouring1464

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > cleaning

scouring1464

1464 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 251 Payd to the taylor, for makenge, lynynge, and scorynge of my masterys blake gown, iij.s. ix.d.

1467–8 Rolls of Parl. V. 630/1 The seid brode sette Clothes, after all the said sufficiant and perfit werkmanship, scowring, full driyng.

1548 Act 2 & 3 Edw. VI c. 26 White Ashes..are verie necessarie..for the..dyinge and scowringe of wollen Clothe.

1667 W. Petty in T. Sprat Hist. Royal-Soc. 304 Scowring and Washing of Stuffs to be dyed, is to be done with special Materials.

1713 R. Steele in Guardian 24 Apr. 2/1 It is the last time my black Coat will bear Scowring.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 339/2 After the sorting, the first process is scouring, by which the wool is cleansed from the grease.

b. The action of rubbing or brushing wheat in order to remove dust and other impurities; also, in plural, the residue left after scouring.

ΚΠ

1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. at Brushing Machine In the Becker brush the concave jacket is of punched iron and steel wire, between which and the brush the wheat passes, polishing and scouring and taking the dust out of the crease.

1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. Scouring, a process in which grain is rubbed and brushed to remove smut, dust, mildew, etc.

c. The cleaning of metal in tin-plate making or electroplating.

ΚΠ

1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. s.v. Scouring Plates of sheet iron used in the tinplate manufacture are scoured with sand and water to cleanse them, after preliminary immersion in dilute sulphuric acid.

1905 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 650/1 Scouring, cleaning by rubbing with sand and water or dilute acid; used in tin plate manufacture.

3. The action of cleaning out a ditch, a gun-bore, etc.; the clearing of a channel by flushing or by a natural flow of water. Also with out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > [noun] > clearing of stream or channel

scouring1458

roding1664

scavenging1883

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > [noun] > clearing of stream or channel > by flow of water

scouring1571

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > cleaning

scouring1575

blowing off1893

1458–9 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 411 In le scurryng unius fossati.

1479–80 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. cccxlvii Pro le scowryng fossatorum et factura sepium.

1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 234 Abought skowryng & clensyng of..the Kynges dokke.

1543 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII XVIII. ii. 118 For skoryn of a water souer.

1571 Act 13 Eliz. c. 18 §8 The scowring, clensinge, repayring, and keping of the said Ryver of Lee.

1575 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 159 Payd for skowryng of the guns to Thomas Lockesmeth ij s.

1662 W. Petty Treat. Taxes 12 The cutting and scowring of rivers into navigable.

1780 Reading Mercury 22 May in T. Hughes Scouring White Horse (1859) v. 93 The ceremony of scowering and cleansing..the White Horse, was celebrated on Whit-Monday.

1859 T. Hughes (title) The Scouring of the White Horse.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 147 There is sufficient scouring out of the mouth [of the river] to keep its channel open.

1898 Jrnl. School Geogr. (U.S.) Oct. 283 This scouring cuts the uplands into hills, but eventually they, too, are worn down.

a. The action of purging the bowels. †Also concrete, a purgative medicine.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative

laxativec1386

abstersive?a1425

purgative?a1425

lax1526

purgation1527

cleanser1528

looser1528

laskc1540

purger1558

solutory1561

scouring1575

expulsive1576

purge1593

solutive1605

opener1610

physica1616

calastic1621

loosener1630

minorative1633

relaxativea1637

cathartic1651

eccoprotic1656

vacuative1656

aperitive1671

spurger1681

aperient1682

hypercathartic1706

chalastic1708

scourer1718

drastic1783

solvent1815

purgament1828

dejector1831

laxation1897

mochlic1907

jollop1955

poop-pusher1966

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > [noun] > purging

purgationa1387

purginga1400

minoration1590

purgament1650

laxating1652

fluxation1656

catharm1678

scouring1682

catharsis1803

syrmaism1842

washing-out1890

lavage1895

1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 234 If these receytes and skowrings yeelde no remedie, then must you to the actual cauterie.

1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry i. i. 9 Let exercises and mashes of sweet Mault after, be his usual scowrings.

1682 London Gaz. No. 1742/4 All sorts of Drugs for Purging, Scouring, and Sweating of Running-Horses or Hunters.

b. The state or fact of being purged; a looseness or flux of the bowels, diarrhoea; esp. as a disease in livestock (= scour n.² 2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > diarrhoea

diarrhoea1398

squirtc1460

hurl?a1513

gurry?1523

lasking1527

laxity1528

lax?1529

lask1542

skittera1585

looseness1586

scouring1597

laxativeness1610

laxness1634

squitter1664

lurry1689

thorough-go-nimble1694

wherry-go-nimble1766

the trots1808

cholerine1832

squit1841

choleriform1884

tummy1888

gippy tummy1915

shit1928

Rhea sisters1935

belly wuk1943

tomtit1944

run1946

Montezuma's revenge1955

Aztec hop1962

turista1970

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [noun] > disorders of cattle or sheep > diarrhoea

shiteOE

skitc1440

wood-evil?1523

moor-ill1556

ray1577

shoot1587

scouring1597

moor-evil1611

scour1764

rush?1771

mu-sickness1809

washiness1844

teart1896

Johne's disease1906

paratuberculosis1913

teartness1940

1597 J. Gerard Herball iii. 1378 Lungwoort..stoppeth the bloudie flixe, and other flixes and scourings, either vpwards or downwards.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 92 Hee ate a pound of Cherries, heereupon he fell into a scowring.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Sheep It generally throws them into scowerings.

1787 ‘G. Gambado’ Acad. Horsemen 10 Horses full of grass are very subject to scourings.

1884 F. J. Lloyd Sci. Agric. 297 Diarrhœa. This is termed when applied to animals, ‘scouring’.

†5. The action of clearing or ridding of undesirable occupants or the like. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > [noun] > clearing (a place) of people or things

ridding1347

redd1488

riddance1528

scouring1606

clearage1818

clearance1851

1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 92 The skouringe or riddance of the worke-house prisons.

6. The action of beating, drubbing or chastising; also figurative to scape or escape a scouring.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > [noun] > beating

swingingc1200

beating?c1225

chastising1303

correctionc1386

lashingc1400

scouring1426

Moses' law1482

jerking1552

whipping1566

yarking1573

feaking1600

correct1606

tawing1620

lacing1622

castigation1640

basking1642

verberation1661

strappado1668

the lash1694

flogging1758

whopping1812

quilting1822

blistering1842

whaling1852

nailing1895

1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 17000 Blyssed be the betynges and skowrynges that compellyn a chylde to declyne from his trespacys and his errours.

1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 48 With what a manly countenance you giue your brethren this scouring.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxii. 457 In my former Consulship, I hardly escaped a scouring.

1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant v. i. 70 What a scowring have I scapt to night!

1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 198 Alisbury scaped a scouring for that Time.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 1 Certain it is, I have not 'scaped a scouring.

a. concrete. Dirt or refuse removed by scouring.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun]

wrakea1350

outcastingc1350

rammel1370

rubble1376

mullockc1390

refusec1390

filtha1398

outcasta1398

chaff?a1400

rubbishc1400

wastec1430

drossc1440

raff?1440

rascal1440

murgeonc1450

wrack1472

gear1489

garblec1503

scowl1538

raffle1543

baggage1549

garbage1549

peltry1550

gubbins?1553

lastage1553

scruff1559

retraict1575

ross1577

riddings1584

ket1586

scouring1588

pelf1589

offal1598

rummage1598

dog's meat1606

retriment1615

spitling1620

recrement1622

mundungus1637

sordes1640

muskings1649

rejectament1654

offscouring1655

brat1656

relicts1687

offage1727

litter1730

rejectamenta1795

outwale1825

detritus1834

junk1836

wastements1843

croke1847–78

sculch1847

debris1851

rumble1854

flotsam1861

jetsam1861

pelt1880

offcasting1893

rubbishry1894

littering1897

muckings1898

wastage1898

dreck1905

bruck1929

crap1934

garbo1953

clobber1965

dooky1965

grot1971

tippings-

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dirt removed in cleaning

washingsc1330

purginga1398

scouring1588

purgament1597

cleansing1608

fullage1611

sordes1640

scuda1642

offscouring1655

offage1727

outscourings1828

cleaning1855

1588 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (new ed.) iv. iv. 475 If any person..haue cast the scouring of any ditch..into the high way.

1652 J. French York-shire Spaw iii. 34 The Sulphur-Well in York-shire smells like the scowring of a Gun that is very fowl.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 92 It is very far from being clear with me, that the patients in the Pump-room don't swallow the scourings of the bathers.

1831 T. L. Peacock Crotchet Castle i The Thames (not yet polluted by the tide, the scouring of cities, or even the minor defilement of the sandy streams of Surrey).

1857 C. Kingsley Thoughts Gravel-pit in Misc. (1860) II. 371 And out of the scourings of that vast mass of chalk was our gravel-pit made.

†b. Dirt or scum naturally collected. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [noun] > specific impurities > scum

flotessec1440

scumc1440

scumming1530

scouring1591

ream1594

1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I The frogs, bred in the slimie scowring Of the moist moores.

c. figurative (esp. of persons: cf. offscouring n. 1a).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > the lowest class > [noun] > persons of the lowest class (collectively)

chenaille1340

offal?a1425

putaylea1425

ribaldail1489

abject1526

offscouring1526

dreg1531

outsweeping1535

braggery1548

ribaldry1550

raff1557

sink1574

cattle1579

offscum1579

rabble1579

baggagery1589

scum1590

waste1592

menialty1593

baggage1603

froth1603

refuse1603

tag-rag1609

retriment1615

trasha1616

recrement1622

silts1636

garbage1648

riffle-raffle1668

raffle1670

riff-raff1678

scurf1688

mob1693

scouring1721

ribble-rabble1771

sweeping1799

clamjamphrie1816

ragabash1823

scruff1836

residuum1851

talent1882

1721 Lett. from Mist's Jrnl. (1722) I. 76 The Scum and Scouring of the People.

1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist III. xxxix. 56 The associate of the scourings of the jail and hulks.

1853 H. Reeve in Life & Corr. (1898) I. 271 How far will the next ‘Quarterly’ support this strain? Unhappily Croker's influence still condemns us to several sheets of his scourings.

a. Tanning. (See quot. 1797.)

ΚΠ

1797 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 307/1 [article Tanning] After which they [the hides] are removed into another pit called a scowering, which consists of water strongly impregnated with vitriolic acid, or with [etc.].

b. The method or process of treating hides by rubbing or brushing in order to remove the flesh or the bloom.

ΚΠ

1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 687 This stone..forms a table..so constructed, that the water, which is freely used in scouring, may drain off on the opposite side from that on which the workman is engaged.

1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. (at cited word) Scouring on the flesh... Scouring on the grain.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

scouring cloth n.

ΚΠ

1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 120/3 Scouring Cloth—yard 0/5½ Scouring or Paint Cloths—each 0/4.

1976 ‘W. Trevor’ Children of Dynmouth iii. 58 He reached for a scouring cloth on a line that stretched above the sink.

scouring-work n.

ΚΠ

a1625 J. Fletcher Chances i. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaa2/1 To..consume my selfe in candles, And scowring works, in Nurses Bells and Babies.

1804 ‘Ignotus’ Culina 125 [This soup] may be considered as an assistant to Archæus, when he has any scouring work to perform.

C2.

scouring-ball n. a ball composed of cleansing materials for removing stains, grease, etc., from cloth.

scouring bit n. (see quot. 1860).

ΚΠ

1860 Eng. & Foreign Mining Gloss. (new ed.) (Derbyshire Terms) 43 Scouring bit, a bit attached to the ends of boring rods for the purpose of extracting the rubbish.

scouring brick n. a Bath brick (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Bath Brick, a scouring brick of calcareous earth, used in cleaning knives, and for polishing purposes.

scouring-brush n. a brush used in the scouring of leather.

ΚΠ

1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 690 In harness leather..the pumice-stone is seldom used, the stock-stone and scouring-brush being lustily applied until the bloom is sufficiently removed.

† scouring clay n. Obsolete fuller's earth.

ΘΚΠ

fuller's eartha1350

fulling eartha1399

walker's earth1403

fuller's clay1581

fulling clay1647

scouring clay1660

scouring earth1661

1660 A. Marvell Let. 29 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 6 To morrow..will be carryed up that [bill] against transporting Wooll,..Fullers Earth & all scowring clay.

scouring drops n. (see quot. 1852).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning of stains or marks > [noun] > substance for

scouring drops1808

1808 Times 19 Jan. 1/3 Bayley's Scouring Drops, for taking grease out of silk, woollen cloth, &c.

1852 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art (ed. 2) Suppl. 1397/1 Scouring Drops, the essential oils of lemon and of bergamotte are sold under this name.

scouring drum n. a barrel or cylinder in which castings, etc., are cleaned by friction against each other.

ΚΠ

1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Scouring Drum.

† scouring earth n. Obsolete = scouring clay n.

ΘΚΠ

fuller's eartha1350

fulling eartha1399

walker's earth1403

fuller's clay1581

fulling clay1647

scouring clay1660

scouring earth1661

1661 W. Petty Making Cloth 27 Nov. in T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) I. 61 The best Wooburn earth resembleth Castle-soap not obscurely, that and all other scowring earths consisting..of very fine sand, answering to the salt in soaps.

† scouring house n. Obsolete a room where plate, pewter, etc. is scoured; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > place where scouring done

scouring house1603

1603 Inventory 29 Mar. in J. Gage Hist. & Antiq. Hengrave, Suffolk (1822) 21 Y^e chamber over y^e skoringe house.

1603 Inventory 29 Mar. in J. Gage Hist. & Antiq. Hengrave, Suffolk (1822) 22 Y^e scooring house.

1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (2 Tim. ii. 21) O happy be you that you be now in this scouring house: for shortly you shall be set upon the celestial shelf.

1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 686 The place or apartment thus used, is called the scouring-house.

1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 687 The floor above the scouring-house..is what is specially designated the shop.

scouring machine n.

ΘΚΠ

washing-mill1728

scouring mill1740

scouring-stocks1835

scouring machine1854

1854 C. Tomlinson Cycl. Useful Arts II. 1037/1 This form of washer is called a scouring-machine in Yorkshire.

1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 387/2 Another machine now largely used by curriers is the scouring machine.

1969 A. J. Hall Standard Handbk. Textiles (ed. 7) iii. 110 The construction and operation of scouring machines..are such as to disturb the wool as little as possible.

scouring mill n. an apparatus for scouring cloth after weaving.

ΘΚΠ

washing-mill1728

scouring mill1740

scouring-stocks1835

scouring machine1854

1740 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (ed. 2) App. p. xvii They must, before they are sent to the dye-house, be well scowered in a scowring-mill.

scouring paper n. emery-paper, glass-paper, or the like.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > smoothing > glasspaper, sandpaper, or cloth

shaving-cloth1427

shaving-linen1512

scouring papera1756

emery-paper1772

glass-paper1815

sandpaper1825

glass-cloth1873

sander1895

a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 252 To rub the stove and fire-irons with scowring-paper.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Scouring-Paper Maker, a manufacturer of emery and glass papers for brightening metals, &c.

scouring powder n. an abrasive powder used for cleaning kitchenware, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [noun] > scouring powder

Vim1894

scouring powder1949

1949 D. Smith I capture Castle (U.K. ed.) v. 61 She..scrubbed her hands until she got it [sc. dye] all off. She used our last grains of scouring powder.

1975 N. Freeling What are Bugles blowing For? vi. 37 She tacked off to write ‘scouring powder’ on her shopping list.

scouring power n. (see quot. 1855).

ΚΠ

1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 338/1 He..expresses his complete disapproval of the scouring power.

1855 J. Ogilvie Suppl. Imperial Dict. Scouring-power, the efficiency of a stream of water employed to carry away shingle, &c., from the mouth of a harbour, river, and the like, by flushing.

† scouring-rod n. Obsolete = scouring-stick n.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > equipment for use with firearms > [noun] > instrument for cleaning bore

moppet1512

scouring-stick1577

scourer1591

spongea1625

scouring-rod1697

sponge-staff1772

gun-brush1799

fire-swab1813

wiping-stick1817

wiper1826

washing-rod1850

sponge cloth1862

swab1863

wiping-rod1875

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 118 Lancewood..is very hard, tough and heavy, therefore Privateers esteem it very much..to make..Scowring-Rods for their Guns.

scouring rush n. Equisetum hyemale.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > horse-tail and allies

padpipe?a1300

paddock-pipec1300

holy-water strinklec1440

shavegrassc1450

shavewortc1450

horsetail1538

shaving-grass1538

cat's tail1552

toad-pipe1578

pewterwort1597

horse-willow1611

prêle1661

shave-weed1691

water horsetail1710

horse-pipe1785

rush1804

shave-rush1821

equisetum1830

pipeweed1837

scouring rush1845

mud horsetail1855

jointweed1879

bottlebrush1883

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > implement for scouring or scrubbing > rush

scouring rush1845

1845–50 A. H. Lincoln Familiar Lect. Bot. (new ed.) 113 In the scouring rush (Equisetum), the quantity of silex is such, that housekeepers find it an excellent substitute for sand, in scouring wood or metals.

scouring sand n. a kind of sand used for scouring.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > material for scouring

scouragea1603

scouring sand1648

1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Schuer-zandt, scouring-sand, or gravell.

1703 A. van Leuwenhoek Let. 4 Dec. in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (1704) 24 1539 Not unlike what we call white scowering Sand.

† scouring-stick n. Obsolete = scourer n.² 5; also transferred (jocular).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > equipment for use with firearms > [noun] > instrument for cleaning bore

moppet1512

scouring-stick1577

scourer1591

spongea1625

scouring-rod1697

sponge-staff1772

gun-brush1799

fire-swab1813

wiping-stick1817

wiper1826

washing-rod1850

sponge cloth1862

swab1863

wiping-rod1875

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1862/1 One of the Gunners..was shotte in the syde with a peece of a skouring sticke [1587 scouring], left in one of the Caliuers.

1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix sig. G3^v Wher's the Sering thou carriest about thee? O haue I found thee my scowring-sticke.

1625 G. Markham Souldiers Accidence 3 Straight scowring stickes, headed at the one end with Rammers of horne, suitable to the bore of the Piece.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 72 They..ram down a sizable Bullet with the Scowring-stick, which is all Iron.

† scouring-stocks n. Obsolete a form of scouring-machine.

ΘΚΠ

washing-mill1728

scouring mill1740

scouring-stocks1835

scouring machine1854

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 187 The helves of the fulling-mallets are placed in a position different from those of the scouring-stocks.

scouring-stone n. a stone used for cleaning paved floors or in the scouring of leather.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > implement for scouring or scrubbing > stone

scouring-stone1648

holy-stone1823

prayer book1840

Bible1867

hand bible1908

1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Een schuer-steen, a Scouring stone.

1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (5) II. 689 The skin is taken out of the water, and laid on the scouring-stone.

1894 H. Speight Nidderdale & Garden of Nidd 380 A small excavation from which in former times scouring-stones for the flagged floors of Ripley Castle were obtained.

scouring-table n. a surface used in the scouring of leather.

ΚΠ

1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. (at cited word) On being taken out of the water the skins are spread out and set on the scouring table by passing a steel slicker over the flesh side.

† scouring woman n. Obsolete a charwoman.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning house > [noun] > one who

womanOE

scouring womana1627

schorerc1638

house cleaner1695

charmaid1882

spring cleaner1883

charman1888

charlady1895

char-boy1902

char1906

Putzfrau1906

chargirl1932

Mrs Mop1948

a1627 T. Middleton et al. Widdow (1652) ii. i. 20 I ha'..no child of mine own, But two I got once of a scowring woman.

Draft additions June 2016

scouring pad n. a pad of abrasive material used for household cleaning, esp. to clean pots and pans.

ΚΠ

1911 Brooklyn Daily Eagle 12 Nov. 3/3 (advt.) A New Cork Felt Scouring Pad, With which you can clean knives, pots, pans, etc., better than with a cloth.

1926 Manitowoc (Wisconsin) Herald-News 3 Nov. 6/3 You can make an effective scouring pad by making a strong suds of castle soap and mixing with..Fullers' earth [etc.]

1931 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 188/3 (advt.) Every genuine Brillo package contains this Brillo scouring pad.

2010 G. Young Stir-frying to Sky's Edge 28 If your wok has been neglected and is rusted, treat it as if it were a new wok, using a stainless-steel scouring pad to wash it.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	scouring
释义	scouringn.¹ /ˈskaʊərɪŋ/ Etymology: < scour v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. The action of advancing as a scout, of roving with hostile purpose, of moving swiftly about, of overrunning a country, etc. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > [noun] > reconnaissance scouringc1471 scry1523 discovery?1574 reconnaissance1779 reconnoitre1781 reconnoissance1802 outwatch1852 exploitation1871 recco1917 recon1918 photoreconnaissance1920 recce1941 photo-recce1946 society > travel > aspects of travel > travel from place to place > [noun] > without fixed aim or wandering > with hostile purpose scouringc1471 society > armed hostility > attack > invasion > [noun] > overrunning or harrying harryingc900 yerning1340 overrunning?a1425 distressing1599 scouringa1616 sweep1837 c1471 Arriv. K. Edw. IV (Camden) 3 By the scuringe of suche persons as for that cawse were, by his said rebells, sent afore into thos partes for to move them to be agains his highnes, the people were sore endwsed to be contrary to hym. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Escumement,..a scowring of the seas. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) v. iii. 15 The Enemies Drumme is heard, and fearefull scouring Doth choake the ayre with dust. View more context for this quotation 1829 W. Irving Chron. Conq. Granada I. xlii. 371 Journeying securely along the pleasant banks of the Xenil, so lately subject to the scourings of the Moors. 1872 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) II. viii. iv. 541 As where the motions are superfluous bounds and scourings around. attributive.1781 T. Simes Mil. Guide (ed. 3) 11 Scouring parties of light cavalry.1905 Daily Chron. 1 June 4/2 It was in the course of these scouring operations that Admiral Rozhdestvensky was captured on board a destroyer. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online September 2018). scouringn.² Etymology: < scour v.² + -ing suffix¹.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈscouring. 1. a. The action of polishing or cleaning by hard rubbing. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] scouringa1398 scrub1621 scrubbing1749 brush1822 offscouring1896 scour1910 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. i. 826 It [sc. grauele] haþ vertue for to clense metalle and to waste rustynes of metalle by frotyng and scowryng þereof. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28061 Þarfor ilkan i rede for-loke þat þai..skir þam sua wit þair in-sight, þair conscience sua clene and bright, þat þai þar-in leue nakin thing þat ani nede haf o scuring. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 197/1 Glacynge, or scowrynge [Winch. MS. shoryng] of harneys, pernitidacio, perlucidacio. 1477–9 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 80 For scowryng of the Standardis candilstikkis, & the Rode loft. 1547 in E. B. Jupp Carpenters' Co. (1887) 387 Paid to the bedylls wyffe for skoryng of the vessell, iiij d. 1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 295 Brasse and Copper and baser mettals are kept bright with scowring. 1741 Mem. Martinus Scriblerus iv. 15 in A. Pope Wks. II Thus..hath Heav'n..afflicted me with the scouring of my Shield. 1862 M. T. Morrall Hist. Needle-making 11 The next process is scouring. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cxlvij^v Those doctours..nether thought or once dreamed..of any soch whisperinge or of pardons, or scouringe of purgatory, as they have fayned. 2. a. The process of cleansing wool, cloth, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] scouring1464 washing1480 wash1704 handwashing1793 dobeying1929 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > [noun] > cleaning wool scouring1464 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > cleaning scouring1464 1464 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 251 Payd to the taylor, for makenge, lynynge, and scorynge of my masterys blake gown, iij.s. ix.d. 1467–8 Rolls of Parl. V. 630/1 The seid brode sette Clothes, after all the said sufficiant and perfit werkmanship, scowring, full driyng. 1548 Act 2 & 3 Edw. VI c. 26 White Ashes..are verie necessarie..for the..dyinge and scowringe of wollen Clothe. 1667 W. Petty in T. Sprat Hist. Royal-Soc. 304 Scowring and Washing of Stuffs to be dyed, is to be done with special Materials. 1713 R. Steele in Guardian 24 Apr. 2/1 It is the last time my black Coat will bear Scowring. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 339/2 After the sorting, the first process is scouring, by which the wool is cleansed from the grease. b. The action of rubbing or brushing wheat in order to remove dust and other impurities; also, in plural, the residue left after scouring. ΚΠ 1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. at Brushing Machine In the Becker brush the concave jacket is of punched iron and steel wire, between which and the brush the wheat passes, polishing and scouring and taking the dust out of the crease. 1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. Scouring, a process in which grain is rubbed and brushed to remove smut, dust, mildew, etc. c. The cleaning of metal in tin-plate making or electroplating. ΚΠ 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. s.v. Scouring Plates of sheet iron used in the tinplate manufacture are scoured with sand and water to cleanse them, after preliminary immersion in dilute sulphuric acid. 1905 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 650/1 Scouring, cleaning by rubbing with sand and water or dilute acid; used in tin plate manufacture. 3. The action of cleaning out a ditch, a gun-bore, etc.; the clearing of a channel by flushing or by a natural flow of water. Also with out. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > [noun] > clearing of stream or channel scouring1458 roding1664 scavenging1883 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > [noun] > clearing of stream or channel > by flow of water scouring1571 society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > cleaning scouring1575 blowing off1893 1458–9 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 411 In le scurryng unius fossati. 1479–80 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. cccxlvii Pro le scowryng fossatorum et factura sepium. 1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 234 Abought skowryng & clensyng of..the Kynges dokke. 1543 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII XVIII. ii. 118 For skoryn of a water souer. 1571 Act 13 Eliz. c. 18 §8 The scowring, clensinge, repayring, and keping of the said Ryver of Lee. 1575 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 159 Payd for skowryng of the guns to Thomas Lockesmeth ij s. 1662 W. Petty Treat. Taxes 12 The cutting and scowring of rivers into navigable. 1780 Reading Mercury 22 May in T. Hughes Scouring White Horse (1859) v. 93 The ceremony of scowering and cleansing..the White Horse, was celebrated on Whit-Monday. 1859 T. Hughes (title) The Scouring of the White Horse. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 147 There is sufficient scouring out of the mouth [of the river] to keep its channel open. 1898 Jrnl. School Geogr. (U.S.) Oct. 283 This scouring cuts the uplands into hills, but eventually they, too, are worn down. 4. a. The action of purging the bowels. †Also concrete, a purgative medicine. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative laxativec1386 abstersive?a1425 purgative?a1425 lax1526 purgation1527 cleanser1528 looser1528 laskc1540 purger1558 solutory1561 scouring1575 expulsive1576 purge1593 solutive1605 opener1610 physica1616 calastic1621 loosener1630 minorative1633 relaxativea1637 cathartic1651 eccoprotic1656 vacuative1656 aperitive1671 spurger1681 aperient1682 hypercathartic1706 chalastic1708 scourer1718 drastic1783 solvent1815 purgament1828 dejector1831 laxation1897 mochlic1907 jollop1955 poop-pusher1966 the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > [noun] > purging purgationa1387 purginga1400 minoration1590 purgament1650 laxating1652 fluxation1656 catharm1678 scouring1682 catharsis1803 syrmaism1842 washing-out1890 lavage1895 1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 234 If these receytes and skowrings yeelde no remedie, then must you to the actual cauterie. 1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry i. i. 9 Let exercises and mashes of sweet Mault after, be his usual scowrings. 1682 London Gaz. No. 1742/4 All sorts of Drugs for Purging, Scouring, and Sweating of Running-Horses or Hunters. b. The state or fact of being purged; a looseness or flux of the bowels, diarrhoea; esp. as a disease in livestock (= scour n.² 2). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > diarrhoea diarrhoea1398 squirtc1460 hurl?a1513 gurry?1523 lasking1527 laxity1528 lax?1529 lask1542 skittera1585 looseness1586 scouring1597 laxativeness1610 laxness1634 squitter1664 lurry1689 thorough-go-nimble1694 wherry-go-nimble1766 the trots1808 cholerine1832 squit1841 choleriform1884 tummy1888 gippy tummy1915 shit1928 Rhea sisters1935 belly wuk1943 tomtit1944 run1946 Montezuma's revenge1955 Aztec hop1962 turista1970 the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [noun] > disorders of cattle or sheep > diarrhoea shiteOE skitc1440 wood-evil?1523 moor-ill1556 ray1577 shoot1587 scouring1597 moor-evil1611 scour1764 rush?1771 mu-sickness1809 washiness1844 teart1896 Johne's disease1906 paratuberculosis1913 teartness1940 1597 J. Gerard Herball iii. 1378 Lungwoort..stoppeth the bloudie flixe, and other flixes and scourings, either vpwards or downwards. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 92 Hee ate a pound of Cherries, heereupon he fell into a scowring. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Sheep It generally throws them into scowerings. 1787 ‘G. Gambado’ Acad. Horsemen 10 Horses full of grass are very subject to scourings. 1884 F. J. Lloyd Sci. Agric. 297 Diarrhœa. This is termed when applied to animals, ‘scouring’. †5. The action of clearing or ridding of undesirable occupants or the like. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > [noun] > clearing (a place) of people or things ridding1347 redd1488 riddance1528 scouring1606 clearage1818 clearance1851 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 92 The skouringe or riddance of the worke-house prisons. 6. The action of beating, drubbing or chastising; also figurative to scape or escape a scouring. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > [noun] > beating swingingc1200 beating?c1225 chastising1303 correctionc1386 lashingc1400 scouring1426 Moses' law1482 jerking1552 whipping1566 yarking1573 feaking1600 correct1606 tawing1620 lacing1622 castigation1640 basking1642 verberation1661 strappado1668 the lash1694 flogging1758 whopping1812 quilting1822 blistering1842 whaling1852 nailing1895 1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 17000 Blyssed be the betynges and skowrynges that compellyn a chylde to declyne from his trespacys and his errours. 1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 48 With what a manly countenance you giue your brethren this scouring. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxii. 457 In my former Consulship, I hardly escaped a scouring. 1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant v. i. 70 What a scowring have I scapt to night! 1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 198 Alisbury scaped a scouring for that Time. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 1 Certain it is, I have not 'scaped a scouring. 7. a. concrete. Dirt or refuse removed by scouring. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] wrakea1350 outcastingc1350 rammel1370 rubble1376 mullockc1390 refusec1390 filtha1398 outcasta1398 chaff?a1400 rubbishc1400 wastec1430 drossc1440 raff?1440 rascal1440 murgeonc1450 wrack1472 gear1489 garblec1503 scowl1538 raffle1543 baggage1549 garbage1549 peltry1550 gubbins?1553 lastage1553 scruff1559 retraict1575 ross1577 riddings1584 ket1586 scouring1588 pelf1589 offal1598 rummage1598 dog's meat1606 retriment1615 spitling1620 recrement1622 mundungus1637 sordes1640 muskings1649 rejectament1654 offscouring1655 brat1656 relicts1687 offage1727 litter1730 rejectamenta1795 outwale1825 detritus1834 junk1836 wastements1843 croke1847–78 sculch1847 debris1851 rumble1854 flotsam1861 jetsam1861 pelt1880 offcasting1893 rubbishry1894 littering1897 muckings1898 wastage1898 dreck1905 bruck1929 crap1934 garbo1953 clobber1965 dooky1965 grot1971 tippings- the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dirt removed in cleaning washingsc1330 purginga1398 scouring1588 purgament1597 cleansing1608 fullage1611 sordes1640 scuda1642 offscouring1655 offage1727 outscourings1828 cleaning1855 1588 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (new ed.) iv. iv. 475 If any person..haue cast the scouring of any ditch..into the high way. 1652 J. French York-shire Spaw iii. 34 The Sulphur-Well in York-shire smells like the scowring of a Gun that is very fowl. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 92 It is very far from being clear with me, that the patients in the Pump-room don't swallow the scourings of the bathers. 1831 T. L. Peacock Crotchet Castle i The Thames (not yet polluted by the tide, the scouring of cities, or even the minor defilement of the sandy streams of Surrey). 1857 C. Kingsley Thoughts Gravel-pit in Misc. (1860) II. 371 And out of the scourings of that vast mass of chalk was our gravel-pit made. †b. Dirt or scum naturally collected. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [noun] > specific impurities > scum flotessec1440 scumc1440 scumming1530 scouring1591 ream1594 1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I The frogs, bred in the slimie scowring Of the moist moores. c. figurative (esp. of persons: cf. offscouring n. 1a). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > the lowest class > [noun] > persons of the lowest class (collectively) chenaille1340 offal?a1425 putaylea1425 ribaldail1489 abject1526 offscouring1526 dreg1531 outsweeping1535 braggery1548 ribaldry1550 raff1557 sink1574 cattle1579 offscum1579 rabble1579 baggagery1589 scum1590 waste1592 menialty1593 baggage1603 froth1603 refuse1603 tag-rag1609 retriment1615 trasha1616 recrement1622 silts1636 garbage1648 riffle-raffle1668 raffle1670 riff-raff1678 scurf1688 mob1693 scouring1721 ribble-rabble1771 sweeping1799 clamjamphrie1816 ragabash1823 scruff1836 residuum1851 talent1882 1721 Lett. from Mist's Jrnl. (1722) I. 76 The Scum and Scouring of the People. 1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist III. xxxix. 56 The associate of the scourings of the jail and hulks. 1853 H. Reeve in Life & Corr. (1898) I. 271 How far will the next ‘Quarterly’ support this strain? Unhappily Croker's influence still condemns us to several sheets of his scourings. 8. a. Tanning. (See quot. 1797.) ΚΠ 1797 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 307/1 [article Tanning] After which they [the hides] are removed into another pit called a scowering, which consists of water strongly impregnated with vitriolic acid, or with [etc.]. b. The method or process of treating hides by rubbing or brushing in order to remove the flesh or the bloom. ΚΠ 1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 687 This stone..forms a table..so constructed, that the water, which is freely used in scouring, may drain off on the opposite side from that on which the workman is engaged. 1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. (at cited word) Scouring on the flesh... Scouring on the grain. Compounds C1. General attributive. scouring cloth n. ΚΠ 1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 120/3 Scouring Cloth—yard 0/5½ Scouring or Paint Cloths—each 0/4. 1976 ‘W. Trevor’ Children of Dynmouth iii. 58 He reached for a scouring cloth on a line that stretched above the sink. scouring-work n. ΚΠ a1625 J. Fletcher Chances i. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaa2/1 To..consume my selfe in candles, And scowring works, in Nurses Bells and Babies. 1804 ‘Ignotus’ Culina 125 [This soup] may be considered as an assistant to Archæus, when he has any scouring work to perform. C2. scouring-ball n. a ball composed of cleansing materials for removing stains, grease, etc., from cloth. scouring bit n. (see quot. 1860). ΚΠ 1860 Eng. & Foreign Mining Gloss. (new ed.) (Derbyshire Terms) 43 Scouring bit, a bit attached to the ends of boring rods for the purpose of extracting the rubbish. scouring brick n. a Bath brick (see quot.). ΚΠ 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Bath Brick, a scouring brick of calcareous earth, used in cleaning knives, and for polishing purposes. scouring-brush n. a brush used in the scouring of leather. ΚΠ 1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 690 In harness leather..the pumice-stone is seldom used, the stock-stone and scouring-brush being lustily applied until the bloom is sufficiently removed. † scouring clay n. Obsolete fuller's earth. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > cleaning > fuller's earth fuller's eartha1350 fulling eartha1399 walker's earth1403 fuller's clay1581 fulling clay1647 scouring clay1660 scouring earth1661 1660 A. Marvell Let. 29 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 6 To morrow..will be carryed up that [bill] against transporting Wooll,..Fullers Earth & all scowring clay. scouring drops n. (see quot. 1852). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning of stains or marks > [noun] > substance for scouring drops1808 1808 Times 19 Jan. 1/3 Bayley's Scouring Drops, for taking grease out of silk, woollen cloth, &c. 1852 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art (ed. 2) Suppl. 1397/1 Scouring Drops, the essential oils of lemon and of bergamotte are sold under this name. scouring drum n. a barrel or cylinder in which castings, etc., are cleaned by friction against each other. ΚΠ 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Scouring Drum. † scouring earth n. Obsolete = scouring clay n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > cleaning > fuller's earth fuller's eartha1350 fulling eartha1399 walker's earth1403 fuller's clay1581 fulling clay1647 scouring clay1660 scouring earth1661 1661 W. Petty Making Cloth 27 Nov. in T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) I. 61 The best Wooburn earth resembleth Castle-soap not obscurely, that and all other scowring earths consisting..of very fine sand, answering to the salt in soaps. † scouring house n. Obsolete a room where plate, pewter, etc. is scoured; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > place where scouring done scouring house1603 1603 Inventory 29 Mar. in J. Gage Hist. & Antiq. Hengrave, Suffolk (1822) 21 Y^e chamber over y^e skoringe house. 1603 Inventory 29 Mar. in J. Gage Hist. & Antiq. Hengrave, Suffolk (1822) 22 Y^e scooring house. 1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (2 Tim. ii. 21) O happy be you that you be now in this scouring house: for shortly you shall be set upon the celestial shelf. 1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 686 The place or apartment thus used, is called the scouring-house. 1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) II. 687 The floor above the scouring-house..is what is specially designated the shop. scouring machine n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > cleaning > equipment for washing-mill1728 scouring mill1740 scouring-stocks1835 scouring machine1854 1854 C. Tomlinson Cycl. Useful Arts II. 1037/1 This form of washer is called a scouring-machine in Yorkshire. 1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 387/2 Another machine now largely used by curriers is the scouring machine. 1969 A. J. Hall Standard Handbk. Textiles (ed. 7) iii. 110 The construction and operation of scouring machines..are such as to disturb the wool as little as possible. scouring mill n. an apparatus for scouring cloth after weaving. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > cleaning > equipment for washing-mill1728 scouring mill1740 scouring-stocks1835 scouring machine1854 1740 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (ed. 2) App. p. xvii They must, before they are sent to the dye-house, be well scowered in a scowring-mill. scouring paper n. emery-paper, glass-paper, or the like. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > smoothing > glasspaper, sandpaper, or cloth shaving-cloth1427 shaving-linen1512 scouring papera1756 emery-paper1772 glass-paper1815 sandpaper1825 glass-cloth1873 sander1895 a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 252 To rub the stove and fire-irons with scowring-paper. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Scouring-Paper Maker, a manufacturer of emery and glass papers for brightening metals, &c. scouring powder n. an abrasive powder used for cleaning kitchenware, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [noun] > scouring powder Vim1894 scouring powder1949 1949 D. Smith I capture Castle (U.K. ed.) v. 61 She..scrubbed her hands until she got it [sc. dye] all off. She used our last grains of scouring powder. 1975 N. Freeling What are Bugles blowing For? vi. 37 She tacked off to write ‘scouring powder’ on her shopping list. scouring power n. (see quot. 1855). ΚΠ 1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 338/1 He..expresses his complete disapproval of the scouring power. 1855 J. Ogilvie Suppl. Imperial Dict. Scouring-power, the efficiency of a stream of water employed to carry away shingle, &c., from the mouth of a harbour, river, and the like, by flushing. † scouring-rod n. Obsolete = scouring-stick n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > equipment for use with firearms > [noun] > instrument for cleaning bore moppet1512 scouring-stick1577 scourer1591 spongea1625 scouring-rod1697 sponge-staff1772 gun-brush1799 fire-swab1813 wiping-stick1817 wiper1826 washing-rod1850 sponge cloth1862 swab1863 wiping-rod1875 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 118 Lancewood..is very hard, tough and heavy, therefore Privateers esteem it very much..to make..Scowring-Rods for their Guns. scouring rush n. Equisetum hyemale. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > horse-tail and allies padpipe?a1300 paddock-pipec1300 holy-water strinklec1440 shavegrassc1450 shavewortc1450 horsetail1538 shaving-grass1538 cat's tail1552 toad-pipe1578 pewterwort1597 horse-willow1611 prêle1661 shave-weed1691 water horsetail1710 horse-pipe1785 rush1804 shave-rush1821 equisetum1830 pipeweed1837 scouring rush1845 mud horsetail1855 jointweed1879 bottlebrush1883 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > implement for scouring or scrubbing > rush scouring rush1845 1845–50 A. H. Lincoln Familiar Lect. Bot. (new ed.) 113 In the scouring rush (Equisetum), the quantity of silex is such, that housekeepers find it an excellent substitute for sand, in scouring wood or metals. scouring sand n. a kind of sand used for scouring. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > material for scouring scouragea1603 scouring sand1648 1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Schuer-zandt, scouring-sand, or gravell. 1703 A. van Leuwenhoek Let. 4 Dec. in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (1704) 24 1539 Not unlike what we call white scowering Sand. † scouring-stick n. Obsolete = scourer n.² 5; also transferred (jocular). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > equipment for use with firearms > [noun] > instrument for cleaning bore moppet1512 scouring-stick1577 scourer1591 spongea1625 scouring-rod1697 sponge-staff1772 gun-brush1799 fire-swab1813 wiping-stick1817 wiper1826 washing-rod1850 sponge cloth1862 swab1863 wiping-rod1875 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1862/1 One of the Gunners..was shotte in the syde with a peece of a skouring sticke [1587 scouring], left in one of the Caliuers. 1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix sig. G3^v Wher's the Sering thou carriest about thee? O haue I found thee my scowring-sticke. 1625 G. Markham Souldiers Accidence 3 Straight scowring stickes, headed at the one end with Rammers of horne, suitable to the bore of the Piece. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 72 They..ram down a sizable Bullet with the Scowring-stick, which is all Iron. † scouring-stocks n. Obsolete a form of scouring-machine. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > cleaning > equipment for washing-mill1728 scouring mill1740 scouring-stocks1835 scouring machine1854 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 187 The helves of the fulling-mallets are placed in a position different from those of the scouring-stocks. scouring-stone n. a stone used for cleaning paved floors or in the scouring of leather. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > scouring, scrubbing, or rubbing > [noun] > implement for scouring or scrubbing > stone scouring-stone1648 holy-stone1823 prayer book1840 Bible1867 hand bible1908 1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Een schuer-steen, a Scouring stone. 1860 Ure's Dict. Arts (5) II. 689 The skin is taken out of the water, and laid on the scouring-stone. 1894 H. Speight Nidderdale & Garden of Nidd 380 A small excavation from which in former times scouring-stones for the flagged floors of Ripley Castle were obtained. scouring-table n. a surface used in the scouring of leather. ΚΠ 1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. (at cited word) On being taken out of the water the skins are spread out and set on the scouring table by passing a steel slicker over the flesh side. † scouring woman n. Obsolete a charwoman. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning house > [noun] > one who womanOE scouring womana1627 schorerc1638 house cleaner1695 charmaid1882 spring cleaner1883 charman1888 charlady1895 char-boy1902 char1906 Putzfrau1906 chargirl1932 Mrs Mop1948 a1627 T. Middleton et al. Widdow (1652) ii. i. 20 I ha'..no child of mine own, But two I got once of a scowring woman. Draft additions June 2016 scouring pad n. a pad of abrasive material used for household cleaning, esp. to clean pots and pans. ΚΠ 1911 Brooklyn Daily Eagle 12 Nov. 3/3 (advt.) A New Cork Felt Scouring Pad, With which you can clean knives, pots, pans, etc., better than with a cloth. 1926 Manitowoc (Wisconsin) Herald-News 3 Nov. 6/3 You can make an effective scouring pad by making a strong suds of castle soap and mixing with..Fullers' earth [etc.] 1931 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 188/3 (advt.) Every genuine Brillo package contains this Brillo scouring pad. 2010 G. Young Stir-frying to Sky's Edge 28 If your wok has been neglected and is rusted, treat it as if it were a new wok, using a stainless-steel scouring pad to wash it. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022). scouringadj.¹ Etymology: < scour v.¹ + -ing suffix².Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈscouring. That moves about with hostile purpose; spec. roistering through the streets. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [adjective] > noisy or riotous revelousc1405 roistinga1556 roisterous1575 roaringa1593 ranting1609 roistering1613 tory-rory1678 scouring1691 wassailous1893 1691 T. Shadwell Scowrers v. i. 51 They tell me you were disturb'd with Roysters, and scowreing Rogues. 1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit ii, in Tale of Tub 314 A Set of roaring, scouring Companions, overcharg'd with Wine. 1716 J. Gay Trivia iii. 74 If hapless you Should chance to wander with the scow'ring Crew. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2019). scouringadj.² Etymology: < scour v.² + -ing suffix².Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈscouring. 1. That cleanses; detergent. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > [adjective] cleansinga1300 mundifying1579 scouring1594 detergent1600 detersive1601 abstersory1609 abstergent1617 thorough-cleansing1642 deterging1651 smegmatic1656 extersive1657 tersive1667 smectic1676 1594 H. Plat Diuerse Sorts of Soyle 31 in Jewell House Those scowring effectes, for the which it [sc. Fullers' earth] is diuerse wayes had in vse amongst vs. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. xxvii. 484 The wood being burned doth yeelde a sharpe smoke, and the ashes a verie scouring lee. 2. Purging, cathartic. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] > purgative outrunningeOE laxativea1398 purgativea1398 openinga1400 abstersive?a1425 purging?c1425 solublec1503 minorative1543 purgy1562 relaxing1562 solutive1564 benedict1576 aperitive1582 scouring1597 apertive1605 dejective1605 relaxative1611 subductory1620 calastic1621 aperient1626 cathartic1639 dejectory1640 relaxant1651 spurginga1652 cathartical1656 anastomotic1657 ecphractic1657 ecphractical1657 rhyptical1657 rhyptic1659 loosening1665 eccathartic1681 fluxing1702 chalastic1704 loosinga1722 hypactic1753 evacuatory1789 evacuant1800 relaxatory1925 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 199 Lampsana is of nature hot, and somewhat abstersiue or scowring. 1656 J. Smith Compl. Pract. Physick 11 Scowring things, as figs. 1736 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer II. ii. 8 Barley..is scouring. 1858 C. L. Flint Milch Cows 288 Dysentery, or scouring rot. figurative.a1617 S. Hieron Penance for Sinne in Wks. (1620) II. 196 To see how that scowring potion of Reproofe would worke to his humiliation, before he would minister to him any Cordials.1684 J. Bunyan Holy Life 43 Repentance is the scouring grace, 'tis that which purges. 3. Of slag: Having an erosive action on the hearth of the furnace. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials produced from metalworking > [adjective] > of nature of slag > having erosive action scouring1880 1880 Wright in Encycl. Brit. XIII. 296/1 If the slag becomes more or less of a ‘scouring’ character. 1884 W. H. Greenwood Steel & Iron 110 Heavy burdens and a reduced temperature of the furnace are accompanied by a scouring slag or cinder, flowing as freely as water. 4. Of livestock: suffering from diarrhoea. Cf. scour n.² 5. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [adjective] > diarrhoea scouring1752 paratuberculous1913 1752 T. Boult Vet. Recipe Bk. in Henry Bristow Ltd. Catal. (1974) No. 206. 31 To cure a Scowering Cow. 1973 Country Life 8 Feb. 360/1 A scouring cow is a very highly stressed animal. 5. U.S. Of a plough: see scour v.² 1g. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [adjective] > of plough: ploughing easily scouring1856 1856 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1855: Agric. 170 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (34th Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 12) VI It was ploughed as near it as possible with a double-shovel scouring plough. 1861 Trans. Illinois State Agric. Soc. 1859–60 4 204 It is..plowed four times in its cultivation with shovel plows..the two last times with scouring plows. 1943 C. Crow Great Amer. Customer (ed. 3) 71 He bought old sawmill blades with which he made self scouring plows which cut through the soil as clean as a razor. Derivatives ˈscouringly adv. (in quot. 1528 = cathartically). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adverb] > in manner of purgative scouringly1528 1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni (1541) 67 Muste prouoketh one to pysse, by reason y^t the erthy partes scouryngly bitethe the bladder. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.¹c1471n.²a1398adj.¹1691adj.²1528
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scouringn.1

scouringn.2

Compounds

Draft additions June 2016

scouringadj.1

scouringadj.2

Derivatives

scouringn.¹

scouringn.²

scouringadj.¹

scouringadj.²