râlen.

Brit.

/rɑːl/,

/ral/, U.S.

/rɑl/,

/ræl/

Forms: 1800s– râle, 1800s– rale.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French râle.

Etymology: < French râle ( R. T. H. Laennec De l'ascultation médiate II. (1819) 1), specific use of râle rasping breath (1611 in Cotgrave as rasle ) < râler to make a rasping sound when breathing (1549 in Middle French as raller ; earlier as rasler in sense ‘to haggle ferociously’ (1456)), originally a variant of racler to scrape (see raclette n.).

Medicine.

An abnormal breath sound heard with the stethoscope during auscultation of the chest, esp. a crackling or bubbling sound.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sounds heard in body > [noun] > sounds heard in auscultation

bombus1753

hydatism1753

pectoriloquism1820

murmur1821

resonance1821

snoring1822

thrill1822

râle1825

pectoriloquy1826

respiration1826

rhonchus1827

bronchophonism1834

bronchophony1834

hum1839

tick-tack1853

friction-sound1860

friction-fremitus1877

sibilus1887

1825 J. M. Good Study Med. (ed. 2) I. 494 ‘For want,’ says he [sc. Laennec], ‘of a more strictly generic term I..understand by râle all the noises produced by the passage of the air, in the act of respiration.’

1828 Glasgow Med. Jrnl. 1 72 The respiratory murmur is often rendered fainter, and it is accompanied and obscured by certain râles, or unnatural sounds.

1853 W. O. Markham tr. J. Skoda Treat. Auscultation 130 The moist and dry cavernous râles, as well as the blowing râle of the bronchial tubes.

1894 A. Conan Doyle Round Red Lamp 7 The difference between a mitral murmur and a bronchitic rale.

1927 H. T. Lowe-Porter tr. T. Mann Magic Mountain (London ed.) I. i. 8 I am not cured yet. In the left lobe, where there were rales, it only sounds harsh now, and that is not so bad; but lower down it is still very harsh, and there are rhonchi in the second intercostal space.

1963 Lancet 12 Jan. 76/1 There were a few dry rales at the right lung base.

1968 Jrnl. Pediatrics 73 577/2 Fine râles were heard in both lower lung fields.

1992 R. Brown Before & After ii. xxxi. 306 He took the kind of deep breath, huge, she made patients take when she was listening for rales.

2006 Ann. Emergency Med. 48 627/2 One study found that the absence of nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, tachypnea, rales, or decreased breath sounds ruled out pneumonia [in infants].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	râle
释义	râlen. Brit. /rɑːl/, /ral/, U.S. /rɑl/, /ræl/ Forms: 1800s– râle, 1800s– rale. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French râle. Etymology: < French râle ( R. T. H. Laennec De l'ascultation médiate II. (1819) 1), specific use of râle rasping breath (1611 in Cotgrave as rasle ) < râler to make a rasping sound when breathing (1549 in Middle French as raller ; earlier as rasler in sense ‘to haggle ferociously’ (1456)), originally a variant of racler to scrape (see raclette n.). Medicine. An abnormal breath sound heard with the stethoscope during auscultation of the chest, esp. a crackling or bubbling sound. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sounds heard in body > [noun] > sounds heard in auscultation bombus1753 hydatism1753 pectoriloquism1820 murmur1821 resonance1821 snoring1822 thrill1822 râle1825 pectoriloquy1826 respiration1826 rhonchus1827 bronchophonism1834 bronchophony1834 hum1839 tick-tack1853 friction-sound1860 friction-fremitus1877 sibilus1887 1825 J. M. Good Study Med. (ed. 2) I. 494 ‘For want,’ says he [sc. Laennec], ‘of a more strictly generic term I..understand by râle all the noises produced by the passage of the air, in the act of respiration.’ 1828 Glasgow Med. Jrnl. 1 72 The respiratory murmur is often rendered fainter, and it is accompanied and obscured by certain râles, or unnatural sounds. 1853 W. O. Markham tr. J. Skoda Treat. Auscultation 130 The moist and dry cavernous râles, as well as the blowing râle of the bronchial tubes. 1894 A. Conan Doyle Round Red Lamp 7 The difference between a mitral murmur and a bronchitic rale. 1927 H. T. Lowe-Porter tr. T. Mann Magic Mountain (London ed.) I. i. 8 I am not cured yet. In the left lobe, where there were rales, it only sounds harsh now, and that is not so bad; but lower down it is still very harsh, and there are rhonchi in the second intercostal space. 1963 Lancet 12 Jan. 76/1 There were a few dry rales at the right lung base. 1968 Jrnl. Pediatrics 73 577/2 Fine râles were heard in both lower lung fields. 1992 R. Brown Before & After ii. xxxi. 306 He took the kind of deep breath, huge, she made patients take when she was listening for rales. 2006 Ann. Emergency Med. 48 627/2 One study found that the absence of nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, tachypnea, rales, or decreased breath sounds ruled out pneumonia [in infants]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1825
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