rutherfordiumn.

Brit.

/ˌrʌðəˈfɔːdɪəm/, U.S.

/ˌrəðərˈfɔrdiəm/

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Rutherford , -ium suffix.

Etymology: < the name of Ernest Rutherford (see Rutherford n.) + -ium suffix.The name rutherfordium had been considered for element 102 (nobelium) before being used for element 104:1967 Sci. News 16 Sept. 274/3 Some [of the discoverers of element 102] say they would have preferred the name ‘rutherfordium’, for Ernest Rutherford, from whose laboratory in England they trace their traditions.

Chemistry.

An artificially produced transuranic chemical element, atomic number 104, produced by various nucleosynthetic methods (e.g. by bombarding plutonium with neon nuclei). Symbol Rf. Cf. kurchatovium n., unnilquadium at un- comb. form .Soviet scientists claimed to have produced element 104 in 1964 and proposed to name it kurchatovium. This claim was not at first generally accepted and when U.S. scientists obtained element 104 by a different method in 1969 they called it rutherfordium. The temporary systematic name unnilquadium was used for some years, until rutherfordium was formally adopted by IUPAC in 1997, after having also been put forward tentatively for element 106 (seaborgium) in 1994.The properties of rutherfordium compounds suggest that it is a metal resembling zirconium and hafnium. The longest-lived isotope (Rf-267) has a half-life of approx. 80 minutes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > rutherfordium > [noun]

kurchatovium1967

rutherfordium1969

Rf1970

dubnium1994

1969 Science 5 Dec. 1254/1 Scientists from the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory of the University of California announced results of chemical experiments on element 104 and used the occasion [sc. 17–19 Nov. 1969] to propose a new name. Albert Ghiorso..suggested that the element be called rutherfordium for Lord Rutherford ‘the great pioneer of nuclear science’.

1970 A. Ghiorso et al. in Physics Lett. 32 B. 95/1 We have proposed that the element 104 be named rutherfordium.

1975 Nature 27 Mar. 288/2 As a sign of the rival claims elements 104 and 105 have been christened Rutherfordium and Hahnium in the USA and Kurchatovium and Nielsbohrium in the USSR.

1997 Nucl. News (Nexis) May 17 IUPAC..has tentatively agreed on these names and symbols: 104 rutherfordium (Rf), 105 dubnium (Db), 106 seaborgium (Sg) [etc.].

2002 Nature 22 Aug. 816/2 Rutherfordium (104) is also known to break patterns within its group, but others including seaborgium (106) follow some normal trends.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rutherfordium
释义	rutherfordiumn. Brit. /ˌrʌðəˈfɔːdɪəm/, U.S. /ˌrəðərˈfɔrdiəm/ Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Rutherford , -ium suffix. Etymology: < the name of Ernest Rutherford (see Rutherford n.) + -ium suffix.The name rutherfordium had been considered for element 102 (nobelium) before being used for element 104:1967 Sci. News 16 Sept. 274/3 Some [of the discoverers of element 102] say they would have preferred the name ‘rutherfordium’, for Ernest Rutherford, from whose laboratory in England they trace their traditions. Chemistry. An artificially produced transuranic chemical element, atomic number 104, produced by various nucleosynthetic methods (e.g. by bombarding plutonium with neon nuclei). Symbol Rf. Cf. kurchatovium n., unnilquadium at un- comb. form .Soviet scientists claimed to have produced element 104 in 1964 and proposed to name it kurchatovium. This claim was not at first generally accepted and when U.S. scientists obtained element 104 by a different method in 1969 they called it rutherfordium. The temporary systematic name unnilquadium was used for some years, until rutherfordium was formally adopted by IUPAC in 1997, after having also been put forward tentatively for element 106 (seaborgium) in 1994.The properties of rutherfordium compounds suggest that it is a metal resembling zirconium and hafnium. The longest-lived isotope (Rf-267) has a half-life of approx. 80 minutes. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > rutherfordium > [noun] kurchatovium1967 rutherfordium1969 Rf1970 dubnium1994 1969 Science 5 Dec. 1254/1 Scientists from the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory of the University of California announced results of chemical experiments on element 104 and used the occasion [sc. 17–19 Nov. 1969] to propose a new name. Albert Ghiorso..suggested that the element be called rutherfordium for Lord Rutherford ‘the great pioneer of nuclear science’. 1970 A. Ghiorso et al. in Physics Lett. 32 B. 95/1 We have proposed that the element 104 be named rutherfordium. 1975 Nature 27 Mar. 288/2 As a sign of the rival claims elements 104 and 105 have been christened Rutherfordium and Hahnium in the USA and Kurchatovium and Nielsbohrium in the USSR. 1997 Nucl. News (Nexis) May 17 IUPAC..has tentatively agreed on these names and symbols: 104 rutherfordium (Rf), 105 dubnium (Db), 106 seaborgium (Sg) [etc.]. 2002 Nature 22 Aug. 816/2 Rutherfordium (104) is also known to break patterns within its group, but others including seaborgium (106) follow some normal trends. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1969
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