salineadj.n.
/ˈseɪlʌɪn/, /ˈseɪliːn/, /səˈlʌɪn/, U.S. /ˈseɪˌlin/ A. adj.
1.
a. † Composed of salt (obsolete); of the nature of salt; having salt as a preponderating constituent.
ΚΠ
c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 3377 Loths wif loking bakwards was turnyd til a stone Salyne.
1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xxii. 167 Some saline Corpuscles dispers'd through the Air.
1693 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. I. iv. 136 Lot's Wife turn'd into a Saline Pillar.
?1734 P. Shaw Chem. Lect. iv. sig. F2 Under the general Head of Saline Earths may be reckoned all those that are calcined or burnt in the Fire.
1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 364 The water would gain admission to the saline strata.
1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. i. 21 The saline contents of sea-water.
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 124 The river contains less saline matter.
b. Of natural waters, springs, lakes, etc.: Impregnated with salt or salts.
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1789 in J. M. Brown Polit. Beginnings Kentucky (1889) 255 Kentucky in general appears to be a limestone soil..abounding in..saline springs, which by simple evaporation plentifully supply the country with salt.
1805 W. Saunders Treat. Mineral Waters (ed. 2) 230 A valuable property which this water possesses in common with the other bitter saline waters.
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlix. 499 Brackish waters and saline marshes.
1840 in Trans. Michigan State Agric. Soc. (1855) VI. 289 Several saline springs and deer-licks were examined in the valley and vicinity of Maskego river.
1862 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire VII. liii. 240 (note) 2 Mehadia, long celebrated for its saline baths.
1872 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lake District 242 Medicinal springs, saline and sulphurous.
c. loosely used for salt adj.1 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > preserved with salt
salt909
powdered1389
salteda1400
corned1621
marinated1658
well-corned?1746
saline1812
kerned1847
in salt1853
1812 G. Crabbe Tales vii. 128 With bacon, mass saline, where never lean Beneath the brown and bristly rind was seen.
2. Like that of salt; like salt; salty.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > salt > [adjective]
saltish1477
salted1526
saline1651
salsamentarious1656
muriatic1675
1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋144 The acid saline vitriolated qualities of wine, vineger or juice of Limons.
1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 270 By this saline Quality, the Juices of Shell-Fish..are diuretick.
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (new ed.) I. 33 The fountain at Selinus in Sicily was of bitter saline taste.
1857 E. L. Birkett Bird's Urinary Deposits (ed. 5) 78 The..saline taste of nitre.
1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants viii. 178 The solution was sufficiently strong to taste saline.
3. Of or pertaining to chemical salts; of the nature of a salt.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [adjective] > of the nature of
salty1605
saline1771
1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 70/1 The chemists have not yet been able to produce a saline substance by combining earth and water together.
1789 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. 167 There is reason to believe that many of these supposable saline combinations [viz. neutral salts] are not capable of being formed.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1085 A few have rashly offered to cut the knot, by excluding from the saline family, chloride of sodium, the patriarch of the whole.
1844 G. Fownes Man. Elem. Chem. 221 The great resemblance in properties between the two classes of saline compounds, the haloid and oxy-salts.
1881 A. W. Williamson in Nature No. 618. 414 When a constitution, similar to that attributed to salts, was imagined for other compounds not saline in their character.
4.
a. Of medicines: Consisting of or based upon salts of the alkaline metals or magnesium.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] > purgative > mineral-based
saline1774
1774 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 3) App. 721 Saline Mixture. Dissolve a dram of the salt of tartar in four ounces of boiling water.
1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 32 The use of saline purgatives.
1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. i. 241 Saline effervescents may both relieve sickness and at the same time promote urine.
1887 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 26 Mar. 678/2 Saline aperients were..useful in children of full habit.
b. saline solution n. physiological saline (see physiological adj. 2b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > solution > [noun] > specific solutions
blue water1596
saline solution1833
Lugol's iodine1880
Tyrode1923
saline1926
1833 J. Forbes et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. II. 213/2 In extreme cases, or when the practitioner is not called in till the very last stage of fever, Dr. Stevens thinks life may be occasionally saved by injecting a saline solution into the veins. We have lately adopted this saline treatment in some cases of typhous fever.
1890 F. Taylor Man. Pract. Med. 105 The intravenous injection of saline solutions has appeared to do good in some cases of profound collapse.
1932 L. N. Katz in Practitioners Libr. Med. & Surg. I. xxv. 1170 Isotonic saline solution injected subcutaneously or intravenously is valuable.
1971 A. C. Guyton Basic Human Physiol. xx. 223/2 The arterial pressure remained normal until the animals were required to drink 0·9 per cent saline solution.
5. Of plants, †animals: Growing in or inhabiting salt plains or marshes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > [adjective] > aquatic > marine > found on salt marshes
salt marshc1682
saline1802
the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > found on salt marshes or near sea
seafaring1670
salt marsh1861
saline1866
1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. 119 Saline Frog. Rana Salsa... It is an inhabitant of salt marshes in some parts of Germany.
1866 Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 441/1 Saline Plants are those which require for their healthy and vigorous growth a considerable supply of chloride of sodium..and other salts.
B. n.
1. = salina n.1
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > salt or soda lake
salinec1450
salt-pan1494
pan1573
salt-wich1610
salina1697
salt-pond1697
salt lake1763
natron lake1821
soda lake1839
bitter lake1843
shott1878
soda pan1976
the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > salt-marsh
salt marshc1000
salinec1450
salt1621
salina1697
salt-pan1785
maremma1819
shott1878
pré salé1903
the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hollow or depression > [noun] > saline depression
salinec1450
pan1494
salt-pan1494
salt-wich1610
salina1697
salt-pond1697
playa1854
sabkha1878
shor1888
c1450 Godstow Reg. 669 One salyne that is called a salte pitte.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. i. xiv. 79 He biggit als In þe mouth of tyber þe ciete callit hostia, And mony Salynis war edifyt about þe samyn.
1589 M. Philips in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 568 We came to the North side of the riuer of Panuco, where the Spanyards haue certaine Salines.
1748 W. Brownrigg Art of making Common Salt 15 The learned Doctor Shaw hath given us the most accurate description of several of these salines in the kingdom of Algiers.
1808 T. Ashe Trav. Amer. 1806 III. 3 It [sc. Salt River] received its name from the number of salines on its banks which impregnate its waters.
1888 Harper's Mag. Apr. 739 Its highest ridges do not rise more than the height of a man above the salines on either side.
2. (See quots.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > potassium > [noun] > compounds > potash > before it is calcined
saline1850
1662 C. Merrett tr. A. Neri Art of Glass cxvii. 173 Saline of the Levant.
1674 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4) Saline of the Levant, is a salt extracted from the froth of the Sea, coagulated through the extreme heat of the Countrey.
1850 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. Saline,..potash before it is calcined.
1860 J. E. Worcester Dict. Eng. Lang. (citing Loudon) Saline, a dry saline, reddish substance, obtained from the ashes of potato leaves, etc.
1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Salin, the residue obtained from the evaporation or calcination of vinasse.
3.
a. A saline purge (see A. 4a).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > mineral-based
Rochelle salt1593
white magnesia1650
magnesia1755
magnesia alba1756
Seidlitz water1784
Seidlitz powder1815
Rochelle powder1820
saline1875
liquid paraffin1884
Eno1889
parolein1892
liver salt1895
liquid petrolatum1905
Kruschen salts1925
1875 B. Meadows Clin. Observ. 71 Acids and alkalies, quinine and colchicum, rhubarb and salines, all kinds of remedies were useless.
1883 Thomson & Steele Dict. Domestic Med. & Surg. (ed. 17) 520/1 Pyretic saline.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 656 Free purgation with salines will often, as in eczema, alleviate the itching.
b. Physiological saline (see physiological adj. 2b). Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > solution > [noun] > specific solutions
blue water1596
saline solution1833
Lugol's iodine1880
Tyrode1923
saline1926
1926 S. Wright Appl. Physiol. vi. 245 If saline is injected intravenously into a normal animal, a condition of hydræmic plethora results.
1951 L. E. H. Whitby & M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) vi. 73 The optimum salt concentration is usually near the range of isotonicity to body cells; markedly hypertonic saline diminishes the reaction.
1952 E. F. Davies Illyrian Venture ix. 160 Saline injections followed, bottles hung above me, needles feeding into my arm.
1956 A. C. Guyton Textbk. Med. Physiol. xxvi. 304/2 If the sodium chloride solution is isotonic with the body fluids (that is, the injected saline has exactly the same crystalloidal osmotic activity as do both the extracellular and intracellular fluids), it does not increase or decrease the crystalloidal osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid.
1971 Nature 11 June 344/2 Cholera can be treated by killing the bacteria with antibiotics such as tetracycline and replacing the body fluid lost through diarrhoea with saline.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c1450