safeguardn.
/ˈseɪfɡɑːd/, U.S. /ˈseɪfˌɡɑrd/ 1. † b. Protection from violent attack given by a monarch to a person seeking legal process. Obsolete. rare.Quot. 1670 refers to a Latin writ in the printed Register of Writs ( 44 Edward III (1370)), issued on 6 Aug. for the citizens of Bordeaux, and addressed generally to the king's officials and subjects in the duchy of Aquitaine.
a. Guarantee of safety or safe passage given by a person in authority; safe conduct.After 18th cent. apparently only in set phrases: see on safeguard at Phrases 4, letter of safeguard n. at Phrases 5.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > authorization to travel to, from, or in a country > [noun] > safe-conduct
safe conductc1325
safeguarda1413
cowle1688
the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > safety or security > guaranteed security > guarantee of safety
safeguarda1413
safe conduct?a1439
acquitc1460
soverance1488
security1623
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 139 And whan Pryam his saue-gard sente The Ambassiatours to Troye streyght þei wente.
1433 Petition in Rotuli Parl. (1767–77) IV. 475/2 Letters of save condut and save gard.
1485 in Rymer's Fœdera (1741) III. 166/2 Withoute any Saufconducte, Licence, or Saufguard.
c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) l. 118 For where as I my sauegard grauntyd, Ay in that cost he comonly hauntyd..Theym to dystroy..To whom I promysyd..To be her protectour.
1526 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 402 If anny man..will convey him oute of the town under any Irishman [h]is salfe garde or winges.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 64v He tooke his penne and wrote his warrant of sauegard with these most goodlie wordes, Viuat Varro vir doctissimus.
1594 W. West Symbolæogr.: 2nd Pt. §45 For the ease, savegard, and passage of the inhabitants of the said townes, villages [etc.].
1751 J. Willard Let. 12 Mar. in J. P. Baxter Doc. Hist. Maine (1908) XII. 127 Any persons impowered by their Tribe to treat with us..may depend..on safeguard and full Protection, from their coming upon our Frontiers until their Return home.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > other processes, writs, or warrants
trailbaston1304
gavelet1313
withernam1314
praemunire facias1425
Valentine1556
statute of bankrupt1622
safeguard1670
avocatory1689
information quo warranto1690
statute of lunacy1706
jedge and warrant1720
habeas corpora1838
stop-order1875
caution1959
1670 T. Blount Νομο-λεξικον: Law-dict. Safe-guard, see Salva-guardia. Salva Guardia, is a Protection given by the King to a stranger, fearing the violence of some of his Subjects, for seeking His Right by course of Law.
1717 Hist. Reg. 1716 322 All Persons are forbid, on Pain of death, to abuse or speak evil of the Informers, or others above-mention'd, who are hereby taken into the King's special Protection and Safeguard.
2. Protection, safety. See also Phrases 1. Now archaic and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun]
warec893
mundbyrdeOE
mundOE
forhillinga1300
hillinga1300
weringa1300
warranting1303
garrisonc1320
defencec1325
defendingc1350
protectionc1350
garnisonc1386
safe warda1398
warrantise?a1400
safeguard1421
safekeeping1425
defension?a1439
defendancec1450
warisonc1450
propugnation1575
guard1576
fortifying1580
debate1581
shielding1581
shrouda1586
patronage1590
shrouding1615
fortressing?1624
munification1653
fencinga1661
castleward1674
fending1771
safeguardance1897
1421 Petition in Rotuli Parl. (1767–77) IV. 159/2 The pore Soudeors..hav truly served the sauf garde of the forsaid Town.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 656 Saiffgarde he gat wndir a bowand tre.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. lviij Kyng Richard as the fame wente might haue escaped and gotten sauegarde by fliyinge.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. viiiv Besechyng the Duke to grant to him the safegarde of his lyfe.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 6 To the which they flye for safegarde if any men resorte vnto them.
1572 in Reg. Privy Council Scotl. 1st Ser. II. 132 That na men..tak upoun thame the saulfgaird and protectioun of ony knawin inymeis or convoy..to thame..ony gudis.
1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man ii. 88 Preferring the sauegard of his people, before his owne life.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iii. 83 A place of safeguard, called commonly the Monastery of refuge.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 200 The women [of Sumatra] are for courage, Amazonian, and of such account with their tyrannique Lords, that the safeguard of their bodies are committed sometimes to their care.
1724 D. Defoe Tour Great Brit. I. i. 78 Humphry, Duke of Glocester..to his last Hour, the Safeguard of the whole Nation, and Darling of the People.
1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ I. at Attribute He attributeth to me the safe guard of the whole empire.
1856 J. Cohen in E. Hoare Light of Prophecy ii. 58 Let us look at the subject in reference to our own personal safeguard, responsibilities and duties.
1935 Times 26 Aug. 15/5 Any cow coughing or spreading the disease [sc. T.B.] one eliminates at once, for one's own safeguard.
2007 M. Morel Pirouettes for Love 262 Above all, for their own safeguard, I want my children not to aggravate the tense situation.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > [noun] > companies involved in specific business
misbeliefa1450
safeguarda1450
squatc1450
smearc1476
bleach1486
poulterer1534
water company1710
land-company1805
publishing house1819
railway company1824
oil company1827
bus line1843
rails1848
accountancy1860
art house1882
poulter1884
automaker1899
energy company1910
record label1926
label1930
utility1930
re-roller1931
prefabricator1933
seven sisters1962
energy firm1970
chipmaker1971
fragmentizer1972
fixit1984
infomediary1989
multi-utility1994
a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 (MED) A sauegard of porters.
1486 Bk. St. Albans f vij A Safegarde of Porteris.
4. Protection or security afforded by a specified person, group, institution, etc. Chiefly in in a person's safeguard, in (or under) (the) safeguard of. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > afforded by a specific person or thing
umberc1380
bannerc1400
safeguard1466
human shield1885
umbrella1948
1466–7 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 173 Be the grase of Jesewes, ho preserve ȝowe..in his blesed safegard.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii. ii. 34 Who that..submytteth hym self vnder the saue gard or protection of the euylle.
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 224 Thay ar all jn the protectioun, and saluegarde of the pape.
a1505 Earl of Surrey in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 481 Our Lord..haue you in his blissid saufegard.
1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. ii. f. 136 Whome he..had receiued into his sauegard, custodie, and protection.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxi. xxvii. 789 To commit themselves under the protection and savegard of the Romanes.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iii. 84 I detained my selfe under safeguard of the Cloyster untill the Gallyes were gone.
1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man v. §14. 117 We..therefore should tremble to venture on the perils either of day or night, without his safeguard.
1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. vii. 125 Under the safeguard of the colony of their nation.
1791 J. Mackintosh Vindiciæ Gallicæ i. 29 They took refuge in the sanctuary of justice, and the Parliament pronounced them under the safeguard of the law and the King.
1825 A. Pichot Hist. & Lit. Tour Foreigner in Eng. & Scotl. I. i. 3 I am..indebted to the confidence of the friend, who placed under my safeguard the young lady whom you saw.
1917 Outlook 29 Aug. 654/2 In the present awful conflict the Supreme Pontiff, under the safeguard of the Italian law,..has been able to govern his Church and to exercise his great ministry.
1981 C. O. Lawhorne Supreme Court & Libel ii. 24 Freedom of speech and freedom of the press..were finally put under the safeguard of the Supreme Court.
5. † c. A picket or outpost of soldiers. Obsolete.
a. Something that offers security from danger; a defence, protection.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence
hornc825
shieldc1200
warranta1272
bergha1325
armour1340
hedge1340
defencec1350
bucklerc1380
protectiona1382
safety1399
targea1400
suretyc1405
wall1412
pavise?a1439
fencec1440
safeguard?c1500
pale?a1525
waretack1542
muniment1546
shrouda1561
bulwark1577
countermure1581
ward1582
prevention1584
armourya1586
fortificationa1586
securitya1586
penthouse1589
palladium1600
guard1609
subtectacle1609
tutament1609
umbrella1609
bastion1615
screena1616
amulet1621
alexikakon1635
breastwork1643
security1643
protectionary1653
sepiment1660
back1680
shadower1691
aegis1760
inoculation1761
buoya1770
propugnaculum1773
panoply1789
armament1793
fascine1793
protective1827
beaver1838
face shield1842
vaccine1861
zariba1885
wolf-platform1906
firebreak1959
?c1500 J. Blount tr. N. Upton Essent. Portions De Studio Militari (1931) 3 Thow schalt not hynder thy sp[e]ciall lorde..in eny munitions or savegardes that he hathe made ffor his defence.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xii This maner of foldyng..shalbe be great sauegarde to the shepe for rotynge.
a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 46/1 That sacred Sainctuary, that hath bene the safegarde of so many a good mannes life.
1584 R. Norman tr. C. Anthonisz (title) The safegard of sailers, or great rutter.
1588 E. Aggas tr. F. de La Noue Politicke & Mil. Disc. 407 Being aboue twentie leagues of he sent three thousande horse to enclose it, which diligence turned to no greate profite, for a regiment of footmen which lay but foure leagues off did neuerthelesse enter thereinto, which was the safegard of the towne.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 701 [York is] a singular safegard and ornament both, to all the North-parts.
1652 Ripley's Epist. Edward IV in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum 109 O Honorable Lord..The savegard of England & maynteynere of right.
1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1877) II. ix. 425 There was a still further reason for placing some special safeguard on that border.
1915 Engin. Mag. June 393/2 The Ford management is devising and installing every possible type of mechanical safe-guard; trying to make all parts of the huge plant safe against foolhardiness.
1937 Amer. Home Apr. 126/3 (advt.) Spraying with Larvex is the complete safeguard advised by scientists and used by manufacturers of costly woolens.
2009 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 2 May (Drive section) 7 The electronic safeguards will encourage parents to give their children more time behind the wheel, improving their driving skills.
b. In immaterial applications: a legal proviso or a stipulation serving to prevent some encroachment; a course of action, habit, or characteristic tending to protect the subject against something; a skill or accomplishment which protects a person from error, etc. (The main current sense.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > [noun] > reservation, proviso > that makes void
defeasance1428
safeguard1523
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xv. f.xxviiiv Euery beest, horse, mare, & colte that is put vpon the commen, ought to be brenned in some parte of his body with the sayde yron, and than shall euery beest be knowen of what townshippe he is, And that were..a great sauegarde for stealyng of the catell.
1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 32 Whitch saiing I..do now recount a soverain save gard against all incumbrancis.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 88 His owne valour was his safeguard.
1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xii. 331 Their poverty indeed became an additional safeguard to their innocence.
1789 F. Ames Let. 16 May in Wks. (1854) I. 39 A permanent revenue is permanent power, and the credit which it would give was a safeguard to the government.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. i. 43 No new safeguards for public liberty were devised.
1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 368 Admirable skill of expression is..no real safeguard against logical blunders.
1891 Law Times 90 419/2 The old reticence of the Bench was a grand safeguard of its dignity.
1902 New Eng. Med. Monthly June 224/2 His love of his profession was his safeguard.
1961 A. Hosain Sunlight on Broken Column iii. xii. 232 It will be open to any future Government to abolish the landlord system altogether, in spite of statutory safeguards.
2000 Nation (N.Y.) 8 May 23/1 (advt.) The jury right to say ‘not guilty’ is an essential safeguard against injustice.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty > picket
safeguard1660
picket1702
picket guard1703
1660 Public Intelligencer No. 211. 1009 The Regiments..suffer the Safeguards, put by the Swedes in the Gentlemens houses, and will not trouble them.
1677 London Gaz. No. 1238/4 The Mareschal d'Humieres has called in all his Safe-guards, and caused the Bridges on the Canal to be taken up.
1707 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 195 Vendosm has called in all the safeguards round his camp.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > [noun]
safety?a1400
detentc1465
custodyc1503
straina1510
safeguard1528
violence?1535
safe custody1536
restrainta1547
detention?1570
retention1572
constraint1590
sickerness1678
deportation1909
1528 Rede me & be nott Wrothe sig. h viiiv They put men in soche savegarde, That with in a whyle afterwarde, They be sure to go no forther.
1612 W. Strachey Lawes in P. Force Tracts (1844) III. 23 If any Officer or Souldier shall be present when two or more shall draw weapons, with intent to fight,..if he be an officer he shall commit them, or put them under safe guard to bee committed.
1730 Compl. Coll. State-trials I. (ed. 2) Pref. xii Money being generally able to procure a Release from the Shackles, which do then become no longer necessary for the Safeguard of the Prisoner.
1796 E. Burke Let. 24 May in Duke of Buckingham Mem. Court & Cabinets Geo. III (1853) II. 327 I shall take care that they do no dishonour to your patronage; at least to the moment in which..I deliver them back into the same benevolent and protecting safeguard.
1817 Sir F. Burdett in Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 1693 The safeguard of the prisoners had originally belonged to the sheriff.
7. An outer skirt or petticoat worn by women to protect their clothing, esp. when riding; = seggard n. See also quot. 1706. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > clothing for lower body > skirt > types of > outer skirt > for protection when riding
kirtlec995
safeguard1578
seggard1746
weather-skirt1903
1578 in Beverley Borough Recs. (1933) 19 Rec. for an old safeguard forfayted bye Jane Clark, petye brybor 12d.
1588 in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth (1823) III. 3 A safegard with a jhup or gaskyn coate of faire cullored satten.
1590 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 23 My cloake and savegarde.
1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. D Enter Mol in a freese Ierkin and a blacke sauegard.
1658 J. Burbury tr. G. Gualdo Priorato Hist. Christina Queen of Swedland 212 Her Majesty..had on a man's Hungerlin of plain black Velvet with a band, and an upper safegard for women of a dark grey colour.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) A kind of Dust-gown, or upper Garment worn by Women, commonly called a Safe-Guard; also a coloured Stuff-Apron, and a sort of Swathing-Band for a young Child.
1831 M. M. Sherwood Roxobel I. xii. 297 Ah, my old friend, the lady of the side-saddle and the safeguard!
1903 A. M. Earle Two Cent. Costume Amer. II. xxiv. 617 There was..special dress for riding, as we learn from the inventory..of Queen Elizabeth's garments. We know thereby that the queen had in the year 1600..thirteen safeguards.
1942 I. Fletcher Men of Albemarle x. 145 She tossed the Holland safeguard on a bench, and snatched up a coat.
8. A warrant granted by a military commander to protect a place from pillage. Also: a guard or detachment of soldiers sent to protect the place. Now chiefly U.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty > others
Tilt Yard guard1528
safeguard1609
Irish guard1642
water-guard1776
forage-guard1819
tilt guard1894
society > armed hostility > military organization > [noun] > military warrant > spec
libranza1598
press1598
press warranta1687
safeguard1706
T.S.1944
1609 Newes from Sea sig. F2 The Gouernour..offered vs a hundred men for a safe-guard euery night, while wee stayd there to repaire our wants, least they should come backe, or any other of their Crue to doe vs iniury.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Safe-Guard, In Military Affairs, a Protection given by a Prince or his General, to some of the Enemy's Country, to be secur'd from being ravag'd by his Men or quartering them; also Soldiers left in such Places for that Purpose.
1707 London Gaz. No. 4377/2 The Princess was there, and had..Safe-guards granted her for the Protection of the Place.
1862 in F. Moore Rebellion Rec. III. 400/2 The following is a copy of a safeguard... We have accordingly taken the said chief and the said head men and all other persons,..from this day forward, under our protection.
1914 Rules Land Warfare (U.S. War Dept.) vii. 101 (note) The object of a safeguard is usually to protect museums, historic monuments, etc.
1993 L. C. Green Contemp. Law Armed Conflict v. 94 A violation of an arranged safeguard is a violation of the law and punishable as a war crime.
9. A permit for safe passage; = safe conduct n. 1b. Also: a guard or escort granted to ensure safe passage. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > authorization to travel to, from, or in a country > [noun] > safe-conduct > document
safe conduct?1404
acquitc1460
conduct1530
sureguard1604
safeguard1633
protection1659
salvoconducto1955
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty > escort
coveyc1325
convoy1553
convey1579
escort1579
safeguard1633
1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. xi. 72 Whereupon second Letters together with a safe guard were dispatched unto him.
1642 Laws of War Army Earl Essex A 4 b Whosoever shall presume to violate a Save-guard, shall die without mercy.
1688 London Gaz. No. 2380/3 They..have need, for themselves and 100 Persons, of Passports and Safeguards to be sent from your Army.
1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. viii. 438 So a Trumpet was sent to the Earl of Essex for a safe-guard or Pass, to those two Lords.
1704 T. Brown Cal. Reform'd in Duke of Buckingham et al. Misc. Wks. 228 Without a farthing of Money in your Pockets, Guides to conduct you, or Safeguards to protect you.
1809 R. Smith Let. 23 Nov. in Amer. Reg. (1810) 201/1 The first [note] requested a document, having the effect of a special passport or safeguard to Mr. Jackson and his family, during their stay in the United States.
1860 T. D. Woolsey Introd. Internat. Law (1875) §147. 183 Passports and safeguards, or safe-conducts, are letters of protection, with or without an escort, by which the person of an enemy is rendered inviolable.
1861 W. H. Russell in Times 6 June I am obliged to see all that can be seen of the South at once, and then, armed with such safeguards as I can procure, to make an effort to recover my communications.
1917 G. F. Coxwell Through Russia in War-time xx. 264 The dark man cast doubts upon the validity of my Foreign Office safeguard.
10. Any of various technical devices which increase safety.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence > device or contrivance to protect a thing or person
guard1678
fender1739
safeguard1780
velum1781
protector1839
firewall1907
baffle1913
1780 J. Keys Pract. Bee-master xii. 186 A young beginner should always put on a safe-guard, especially if he has not been familiar with the Bees before.
1818 Sporting Mag. 3 83 Purdey's Patent Safeguard, to prevent the accidental discharge of guns.
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Safeguard 1, a. A rail-guard at a switch or crossing. b. A contrivance attached to a locomotive for throwing stones and other obstructions off the track.
1922 Industr. Bull. (N.Y. State Dept. Labor) Oct. 32/1 Workmen cannot be expected to use a safeguard, if use can possibly be avoided, when its predominant appeal to him is that of an unnecessary interference with his work.
2001 L. R. Collins & T. D. Schneid Physical Hazards of Workplace App. H, 305 Can the machine be oiled without removing the safeguard?
11. Any of several tegus (large South American lizards of the genus Tupinambis and other genera of the family Teiidae), which are said to give warning of the approach of alligators. More fully safeguard lizard. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Varanidae or genus Varanus > member of (monitor)
guana1697
worrala1701
monitory lizard1790
monitor1802
goanna1831
safeguard1831
sauvegarde1840
varanian1841
varan1843
water lizard1865
monitor lizard1869
varanid1896
varanus1934
1831 D. Craigie Elements Anat. 160 The American safeguard.
1866 R. Owen On Anat. Vertebr. I. v. 388 In the Scincoids, the Safeguards (Tejus), in most Iguanians, in the Chameleons and many Lacertian reptiles, the tooth is anchylosed.
1885 Standard Nat. Hist. III. 432 In some localities it [sc. the common tegu] is called the safeguard-lizard.
1905 F. E. Beddard Nat. Hist. Zool. Gardens viii. 240 The Teguexins or Tupinambis are a group of lizards..all confined to America... The name of ‘safeguard’ has been applied to these lizards, on the supposition that like the monitors they will warn of the proximity of a crocodile.
Phrases
P1. † b. to (the) safeguard of: = Phrases 1a. Obsolete.
a. for (the) safeguard of [compare Anglo-Norman pur salve garde de (mid 14th cent. or earlier)] : for the defence or protection of; for the safety of. Cf. sense 2. Formerly frequently in for safeguard of one's life (now archaic).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > for the protection or defence of [phrase]
for (the) safeguard of1431
to (the) safeguard ofc1500
in safeguard of1597
1431 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 95 Ordeint for þe defense, seure and saufgarde of þe said land.
1433 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. July 1433 §38. m. 7 To walle,..and fortefie, youre seid towne and havyn sufficiently..for the saufgarde of alle marchaundises and other goodes thedir comynge.
1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 398 For savegarde of the kynges cite.
1519 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1882) I. 315 For savegard of my lyf and for savegard of my body.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. x. 43 b The streit of Hellespont, for the safegard wherof there are 2. strong castles.
1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 13 A. flyeth as much as he can for safeguard of his life.
a1707 A. Thornton Autobiogr. (1875) 18 The king, being constrained for the saveguard of his owne life, passed that fatall bill.
1727 C. Threlkeld Synopsis Stirpium Hibernicarum Pref. 23 He was for the Safeguard of his Life compelled in his Age, to fly into High Germany.
1848 J. Arnould Law Marine Insurance I. (Form of policy) i. viii. 197 To make every exertion in their power ‘for the defence, safeguard, and recovery’ of the property.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 130/1 A person accused of felony might fly for safeguard of his life to sanctuary.
1995 J. Agassi in K. Gavroglu et al. Physics, Philos., & Sci. Community 159 The democracy that Karl Popper advocates is the one in which there are institutions for the safeguard of liberty.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > for the protection or defence of [phrase]
for (the) safeguard of1431
to (the) safeguard ofc1500
in safeguard of1597
c1500 Melusine (1895) 17 And there the lady Pressyne stablysshed a stronge geaunt to the sauegarde of the tresoure.
?1548 J. Bale Comedy Thre Lawes Nature v. sig. Fviijv To sauegarde of the iust, & synners ponnyshment.
P2. in safeguard.
a. In safety or security. Cf. sense 2. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > perfectly safe [phrase] > in safety or security
in safe?a1425
in safeguard?c1450
in (into) covert1477
?c1450 Brut (Trin. Cambr.) (1908) 468 (MED) Forto kepe the towne in saufgarde from oure enemys.
1472–3 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1472 1st Roll §8. m. 36 The seid sommes of money..to be put in sauf gard.
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xv. f. 28v And put them in sauegarde to the lordes vse, tyll they be yered and deyd.
1544 G. Joye Present Consol. Sufferers Persecucion sig. B.viiv And on theyr sydis which haue the victoryes, lyue in sauegarde at theyr owne lustes.
1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Gviijv Fortresses where his men might lye in safegarde.
1611 Bible (King James) 1 Sam. xxii. 23 With me thou shalt bee in safegard . View more context for this quotation
1642 J. March Argument Militia 4 The King ought..to provide that his Subjects have their passage throughout the Realme by all high wayes in safeguard.
1775 Gentleman's Mag. May 234/1 He chose to remain in safeguard in the cloyster till the galleys were gone.
1879 Gospel Standard Feb. 57 If ever we are in safeguard within,..it is through the humbling grace of God.
1922 F. M. Atkinson tr. C. de Coster Legend Ulenspiegel II. iv. 248 Letters..‘commanding all governors..to hold the ecclesiastics in like safeguard, safety, and privilege as the rest of the people’.
b. in safeguard of: = Phrases 1a. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > for the protection or defence of [phrase]
for (the) safeguard of1431
to (the) safeguard ofc1500
in safeguard of1597
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. v. 213 If you doe fight in safegard of your wiues. View more context for this quotation
a1625 H. Finch Law (1636) 39 To rase ones house on fire, in safegard of the neighbours houses.
1875 ‘Britannicus’ Pacific Railway 8 The Macdonald contract was framed eminently in the public interest... There was, in safeguard of public interest, no flaw in it.
1928 H. Lauder Roamin' in Gloamin' vi. 74 The local policemen roar with merriment at..suggestive asides and jests. Today they would probably ‘take action’ in safeguard of public morals and good taste.
c. In custody, under guard. Cf. sense 6. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1642 J. Selden Priviledges Baronage 29 Master Iohn Lee then Steward,..sent one Richard Inworth Serjeant at Armes in Dorset, to the said William Latimer, to bring him to London in safeguard as prisoner.
1689 S. Blackerby Hist. Acct. Penal Laws 6 They shall be sent in safeguard to the said Ordinaries or to their Commissaries,..to be acquit or convict of such Lollardries, Errors or Heresies, as is aforesaid.
1713 G. Jacob Compl. Court-keeper 237 The Bailiff may..distrain the Defendant's Goods, and detain the Distress in his Hands in Safeguard, till the Defendant hath satisfied the Plaintiff.
1914 H. Y. Reyburn J. Calvin iv. 52 The Council ordered Furbity to be arrested and kept in safeguard.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > offer protection or defence [verb (intransitive)] > defend oneself
fend1573
to stand upon one's safeguard1577
shield1692
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 456/2 Hee beganne to fortifie his Castels and Townes, that hee might be in a redinesse to stand vppon his safegard if his father or breethren should come to pursue him.
1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 236 If any Prince were euer forced to stand vpon his safe-guard, and fence himselfe with Lawes.
P4. on safeguard: under a guarantee of safety or safe passage given by a person in authority.
ΚΠ
1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course vi. f. 81 Crassus..was slaine as he parlied on safeguard.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iii. i. 9 On safegard he came to me. View more context for this quotation
P5.
letter of safeguard n. now historical a document guaranteeing safe conduct; cf. sense 1a.
ΚΠ
1703 Hist. & Polit. Mercury Nov. 434 The little City of Newstadt, having refus'd to receive a Letter of Safeguard from him, he forc'd the Lines, took the Town by Storm, [etc.].
1821 H. Wilson Wonderful Characters II. 453 Catherine..obtained of him a letter of safeguard that her subjects might have nothing to fear from the Spanish army on its march through her territories.
1984 A. Goldhammer tr. in R. E. Mousnier Inst. France under Absolute Monarchy II. iii. xv. 241 Letters of safeguard (by which the king placed a person or his property under royal protection), safe-conducts, passports, [etc.].
2003 D. C. Margolf Relig. & Royal Justice Early Mod. France iii. 82 Le Cornu claimed that the letters of safeguard..that Sainte Melaine had presented to the court were forgeries.
Compounds
C1. General attributive (in sense 7), as safeguard skirt. historical (now rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > other
smalleOE
lightc1230
round1402
side-necked1430
wanton1489
Spanish1530
tucked1530
lustya1555
civil1582
open-breasted1598
full1601
everlasting1607
sheeten1611
nothinga1616
burly1651
pin-up1677
slouching1691
double-breasted1701
negligée1718
translated1727
uniform1746
undress1777
single-breasted1796
unworn1798
mamalone1799
costumic1801
safeguard1822
Tom and Jerry1830
lightweight1837
fancy dress1844
wrap-1845
hen-skin1846
Mary Stuart1846
well-cut1849
mousquetaire1851
empire1852
costumary1853
solid1859
spring weight1869
Henri II1870
western1881
hard-boiled1882
man-of-war1883
Henley1886
demi-season1890
Gretchen1890
toreador1892
crossover1893
French cut1896
drifty1897
boxy1898
Buster Brown1902
Romney1903
modistic1907
Peter Pan1908
classic1909
Fauntleroy1911
baby doll1912
flared1928
flare1929
tuck-in1929
unpressed1932
Edwardian1934
swingy1937
topless1937
wraparound1937
dressed-down1939
cover-up1942
Sun Yat-sen1942
utility1942
non-utility1948
sudsable1951
off-the-shoulder1953
peasant1953
flareless1954
A-line1955
matador1955
stretch1956
wash-and-wear1959
layered1962
Tom Jones1964
Carnaby Street1965
Action Man1966
Mao-style1967
wear-dated1968
thermal1970
bondage1980
swaggery1980
hoochie1990
mitumba1990
kinderwhore1994
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [adjective] > affording protection or defence
defendantc1330
defensivea1400
defensory1552
fensive1582
protectingc1595
defensative1596
secureful1598
fenceful1616
friendly1628
protective1653
protectory1654
screening?a1656
protectant1670
warding1697
safeguard1822
shielding1851
cushioning1887
tutorial1898
1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 12 69 With a safe-guard handkerchief, enveloping her turban.
1867 J. Timbs Nooks & Corners Eng. Life iii. 191 When she rode out she was decked in a scarlet safeguard coat and hood, laced with red, blue, and yellow lace.
1915 St. Nicholas Feb. 327/2 Off she went to the stables while I ran up-stairs to put on a safeguard skirt and get my hat and gloves.
1942 I. Fletcher Men of Albemarle x. 145 She went around the house, unbuttoning her safeguard skirt as she ran.
C2.
safeguard clause n. a clause in a contract, treaty, or other written agreement which allows for an alteration or cancellation of the agreement in specified conditions.
ΚΠ
c1870 G. B. Hibbard Appellants' Points in Evans against Columbian Insurance Company (N.Y. Court of Appeals) 21 The plaintiffs must at least recover the value of the body of the propeller..beside the proportional amount recoverable under the safeguard clause.
1929 Times 18 May 11/4 The German demand for a safeguard clause for the revision of Germany's capacity to pay is based on Article 234 of the Peace Treaty.
2006 L. Orban in D. Phinnemore EU & Romania vii. 89 A second and specific safeguard clause can be activated by the Council..and allows for the entry of Romania to the EU to be postponed by one year in case of unsatisfactory progress in certain fields.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
safeguardv.
/ˈseɪfɡɑːd/, U.S. /ˈseɪfˌɡɑrd/ 1.
a. transitive. To keep secure from danger or attack; to guard, protect, defend; to make safe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)]
shieldc825
frithc893
werea900
i-schield971
berghOE
biwerec1000
grithc1000
witec1000
keepc1175
burghena1225
ward?c1225
hilla1240
warrantc1275
witiec1275
forhilla1300
umshadea1300
defendc1325
fendc1330
to hold in or to warrantc1330
bielda1350
warisha1375
succoura1387
defencea1398
shrouda1400
umbeshadow14..
shelvec1425
targec1430
protect?1435
obumber?1440
thorn1483
warrantise1490
charea1500
safeguard1501
heild?a1513
shend1530
warrant1530
shadow1548
fence1577
safekeep1588
bucklera1593
counterguard1594
save1595
tara1612
target1611
screenc1613
pre-arm1615
custodite1657
shelter1667
to guard against1725
cushion1836
enshield1855
mind1924
buffer1958
1501 in J. Raine Vol. Eng. Misc. N. Counties Eng. (1890) 51 Suche thyng as may safegard hym yt is born in England that he shall not be suspect for a Skott.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxix. f. xi Brenne, with a fewe of his shyppes layte was fayne to Sauegard hymselfe by flyght.
1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course x. f. 111v Building in their countries fortresses thereby to safegard the traficke of the East.
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xiv. 90 Heate doth sauegard and thicken the milke.
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) ii. 163 A house and garden of the Kings,..all safeguarded from sand and stealth, by a defensive wall.
1703 J. Jacob Fewness of Faithful 48 Other Ways, Courses and Practices, will be required in them, who shall be hidden and safeguarded in that day.
1745 N. Walter Char. True Patriot 19 To him is the Glory due, who safeguarded them from Harms.
1835 D. Jardine Lives & Criminal Trials Celebrated men 324 As for locking up the Lords sent from the Council, it was done in charity,..and intended only to safeguard them.
1911 Rep. Dept. Labor State of N.J. 11 Safeguarding the operatives from injuries which may arise from..power presses and planers.
1958 T. I. Williams in C. Singer et al. Hist. Technol. V. 237 The handling of the bleaching powder..demanded the use of..a thick oakum ‘muzzle’ to safeguard the nose and throat.
2008 New Scientist 20 Sept. 6/2 A scheme..has helped to safeguard countless gorillas, chimps, forest elephants and bongo that might otherwise have been hunted to oblivion.
b. transitive. To protect against something undesirable with an appropriate measure; spec. to protect (a local product or industry) from foreign trade, esp. by the imposition of import duties or quotas. Cf. protect v. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [verb (transitive)] > protect from competition
safeguard1887
1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. (v. 22) 551 By shunning euill things, we prouide for conscience; by auoyding ill showes, we safe-gard our fame.
1670 D. Lloyd State Worthies (ed. 2) 946 Which he could never have done, but that his old rule safe-guarded him.
1865 Times 23 Jan. 9/5 I am very thankful that their [sc. my decisions'] correctness is safeguarded.
1887 T. Kirkup Inq. Socialism iv. 92 The protective system in countries like Germany and the United States is designed to safeguard their own industries against the competition of other countries.
1903 Daily Mail Year Bk. 149/1 Protection is the name given to the system of safe-guarding from foreign competition, native industries by the imposition..of duties.
1928 Manch. Guardian Weekly 10 Aug. 105/1 Appointing a Royal Commission to inquire into the expediency of safeguarding the iron and steel industries.
1955 Times 3 May 10/4 The Binh Xuyen rebellion ‘had the purpose of safeguarding the interests of French colonialists’.
2001 Times 24 July i. 6/1 Safeguarding the public purse is essential.
2. transitive. To send or conduct (a person or persons) safely or securely.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] > assure (a person) of safety > send or conduct in safety
safe-conduct1567
safeguard1595
safea1616
1595 A. Munday tr. First Bk. Primaleon xiiii. 107 His Daughter, with whom hee sent a certaine number of his Knightes to accompany and sauegard her home.
1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xv. 63 b Demetrius..safegarded home into Egipt, Leuticke Ptolomies son, and Menelaus his brother ransomelesse.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 31 With his Army to safegard him to the Kings Metropolis.
1899 A. Paterson Cromwell's Own xxxviii. 262 A man..came slowly..towards him—‘secure this man and woman, and safeguard them to the camp.’
1921 Naval Investig. (U.S. Senate Comm. Naval Affairs) II. 2115 The fathers and mothers who had intrusted their sons to naval protection looked to the Navy to safeguard them to France.
1999 M. M. Mintz Seeds of Empire ii. 36 He captured a man on the field at Oriskany and safeguarded him to his home a mile away.
Derivatives
ˈsafeguarder n. (a) a person who keeps someone or something safe; a protector; (b) an advocate of the policy of safeguarding domestic products or industries (cf. sense 1b); a protectionist (now rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > protector or defender
shield971
warranta1225
warden?c1225
forhillera1300
inshieldera1300
shieldera1300
weryera1325
hilera1340
witier1340
protectorc1390
guard1412
safeguardera1535
fencec1540
safekeeper1561
parens patriae1764
guardsmana1854
fortifier1878
minder1896
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > [noun] > as protector
shield971
friendOE
berghera1300
takerc1350
safeguardera1535
safe-maker1616
a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. x. sig. G.vv My strength and my prayse is our Lorde, he hathe bene my safegarder.
1885 Parl. Deb. 3rd Ser. 295 1003 Who were the persons who represented the City of Cork on the Lunacy Board—who were the safeguarders of the money of the ratepayers?
1928 Daily Mail 25 July 12/4 Mr. Churchill's answer to the safeguarders was: The Government will not agree to any fundamental change in their existing fiscal system.
1931 Times 9 May 7/2 Safeguarders declared that the duties that had been imposed had had no appreciable effect.
1995 Guardian 1 Mar. ii. 4/5 Usually a lawyer or a former social worker, the safeguarders are acknowledged to do essential work.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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