rundlen.¹

Brit.

/ˈrʌndl/, U.S.

/ˈrənd(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English rundelle, Middle English–1600s rundell, Middle English–1700s (1800s– English regional) rundel, 1500s– rundle, 1800s– rundall (English regional).

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: roundel n.

Etymology: Variant of roundel n., with shortening of the vowel in the first syllable. Compare also rondel n. Sense 9 may perhaps show a different word: compare runnel n.²The (rare) Middle English examples of the forms rundel , rundell , rundelle (also attested in the meaning of roundel n. 11) could perhaps instead show roundel n., with a long vowel. The same is true of early examples of the surname Rundel (found from the end of the 12th cent. in England; in early use also Rundal ), which could also instead simply reflect the French word (see roundel n.).

†a. A curve, coil, or spiral. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun]

rundlec1300

waif1513

enwrapping1543

convolution1545

entrail?a1549

wreath1555

roundness1572

spire1572

rolling1576

enfold1578

infold1578

obvolution1578

gyre1590

whorl1592

enfoldment1593

twine1600

turn1625

volume1646

volution1752

swirl1786

coil1805

swirling1825

convolute1846

whirl1862

enfolding1873

snaking1888

c1300 St. Michael (Harl.) in T. Wright Pop. Treat. Sci. (1841) 133 (MED) Me mai the mone i-seo, while heo is nue riȝt A lute rundel, as a sikel; me siȝth therof that liȝt.

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Turbo The rundell or windinge of a serpent.

1631 D. Widdowes tr. W. A. Scribonius Nat. Philos. (new ed.) 63 The Jejunum beginneth where the Duodenum beginneth to turne into rundells.

1661 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 2) Turbant, A Turkish hat, or Ornament for the head, of white and fine linnen, wreathed into a rundle.

b. A circle or ring. Now rare.In some cases difficult to distinguish from sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > a circle or ring

rounda1325

circlec1380

rigol1459

roundel1486

rundle1529

roundaboutc1535

circule1549

gyre1590

ringle1598

cirque1677

crinkle1702

circus1748

1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters i. iii. f. ix^v/1 Those necromancers to whom ye resemble them that put theyre confydence in the rundell & cercle on y^e ground.

1534 W. Turner tr. J. von Watt Of Olde God & Newe sig. Oj^v Your hedde is well nere altogether shauen & smothe, a lytell garlonde & rundell onely beynge left.

1597 J. Lyly Woman in Moone i. i Lastly the rundle of this Massiue earth, From vtmost face vnto the Centers point.

1597 A. Hartwell tr. D. Lopes Rep. Kingdome of Congo ii. vii. 182 The flat side [of the lute], (where we vse to carue a Rose, or a Rundell, to let the sounde goe inwarde).

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xxiv. 860/2 Which forced them..to gather themselues close into a rundell, their best and greatest ships standing without.

1690 W. Leybourn Cursus mathematicus f. 450^v Saturn [is]..at other times represented with two Rundles adhering to each side.

a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1752) 322 At the root of her horn she will put forth a rundle like a curled ring.

1867 Harper's Mag. Oct. 625/1 Yonder, leaning against the sky, two great uprights of flame, crossed by many rundles of fire!

1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. II. vii. 136 Lo, stoops, now, sun's vast rundle, to her rest.

†c. A circular orbit. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > movement in circle > circular course

ringeOE

virona1380

environa1382

roundness?c1425

circuit1483

orbicular1523

round1539

bouta1542

rundle1574

ring road1828

orbit1831

ring-around1894

1574 R. Eden tr. Taisner De Natura Magnetis Ded. Euery of the Planettes are carried in their rundels or circles by course.

d. A circular enclosure or field. Now rare (English regional in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > circular piece of land

rundle1587

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > an enclosed space or place > an enclosed piece of ground > circular

rundle1587

1587 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Ireland (new ed.) iii. 22/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II The maior bestoweth a costlie dinner within a mote or a rundell [1577 roundell], and both the shiriffs within another.

1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes iii. xviii. 339 The whole traine of Players issuing orderly from out the Capitoll, passed by the forum, into a great circle or rundle of ground, like a theater, made for the Spectators to behold the games.

1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia Rundle, Rundall, or Roundle, a round field or marsh, or a field that lies round..a person's property or house.

†2.

a. A small round or circular object. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > a circle, ring, or sphere

trendlea900

roundnessa1382

compassc1384

rotundity?a1425

rundlea1425

rondure1609

rotundant1661

rotund1729

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Exod. xxv. 33 Thre cuppis at the licnesse of a note..and litle rundelis togidere.

?1585 W. C. Aduentures Ladie Egeria sig. C2^v The Duches..louinglye did imbrace and kisse, her husband Duke Lampanus liuely picture, which hanging about her necke, by a fayer chayne and rundle of Gold.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Tournet, a small turning rundle, or ring, in the mouth of a Bit, &c.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. vi. 67 This Instrument contains two Parts or Rundles..moving one upon the other.

1680 G. Mackenzie Sci. Herauldry 99 The Collar..having thereunto pendent on a blew Rundle, the image of St. Andrew.

1880 ‘P. Kent’ tr. H. de Balzac Poor Relations xxiv. 229 Rémonencq's eyes fell upon a copper rundle, very much oxydised.

b. A round or circular slice or piece of something; a small round cake. Cf. roundel n. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > small cake > types of small cake

lozengec1430

rundle1587

macaroon1611

cookie1701

Savoy biscuit1719

queen cake1734

madling cake1747

dough1777

butter biscuit1789

rock cake1815

biscuit1818

madeleine1829

éclair1861

fairy cake1867

puftaloon1871

Eccles cake1872

petit four1875

rock bun1879

baby cake1880

rock1892

marigold1896

sponge finger1906

muffin top1914

palmier1920

lamington1929

whoopee pie1929

mandazi1937

French fancy1969

fondant fancy1974

1587 T. Dawson Good Huswifes Iewell f. 26 Cut Onions in rundels and frie them in butter.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxv. xiii. 235 The root..being cut into certaine thin rundles they use to preserve in wine.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 418 Take a good great Dock-root clean scraped, and cutte thereof fiue little rundels or cakes to be vsed as followeth.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Trochisque, a little rundle, or cake, whereinto diuers medicinable things be reduced.

a1728 W. Kennett MS Coll. Provinc. Words (BL Lansdowne MS 1033) f. 331 Rundels, round pieces or parings, as the rundels of an apple or an onion, &c.

†3. A small round shield. Cf. roundel n. 5a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > shield > [noun] > small

bucklera1300

rondelc1300

targeta1400

roundel1538

rundle1562

rondache1591

pelta1600

pelt1617

1562 in 6th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1877) App. 647/2 Item ane cheir couerit with blak velwat and ane rundell of steyll..Item of speiris xxxiij.

1584 T. H. True Discription Tryumphes & Pastimes in tr. F. de Billerbeg Most Rare & Straunge Disc. Amurathe sig. E.ii In running at all the brydle, they drew out theyr swoordes, and cutte the rundels, percing quite through the other fashioned cirkles.

1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 210 Carrying light Venetian rundels and targets on their backes.

†4. Heraldry. A circular bearing, charge, or device upon a shield or coat of arms; = roundel n. 6b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > circular device

roundel1562

rundle1562

roundlet1680

rundlet1688

1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory f. 149 Whether are Roundells of all suche coloures, as ye haue spoken of here before? or shal they be named Rundelles of those coloures?

1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 86 Those rundels in the loftie chiefe do stand In sable bordure deepely ingreled.

1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry i. ii. 17 As the Ring hath no end, no more hath the Ball or Rundle.

1750 A. Collins Suppl. Peerage Eng. I. 76 A fair round Seal, with these Arms in a Shield, Quarterly, viz. in the 1st and 4th a Rest, and in the 2nd and 3d, on a Bend, three Rundles.

†5. A circular mat for a dish, glass, or similar vessel. = roundel n. 3b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate > side-plate or under-plate

wardnapec1475

gardnap1490

rundle1565

under-dish1625

portassiet1663

side plate1714

bread plate1872

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Orbis, a rundel to set dishes on for soilyng the table cloathe.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Esclisse, the Rundle, or Circlet put vnder a dish at Table.

a. A rung of a ladder. Frequently in figurative context. Cf. roundel n. 8. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > ladder > [noun] > rung or step

stepc1000

gangOE

stavec1175

tine?c1225

ladder stalea1250

degreec1290

rungc1300

staffc1325

stairc1400

ladder stavec1440

scalec1440

roundc1450

stakec1450

sprang1527

staver1534

rundle1565

rave1566

roundel1585

rondel1616

ladder rung1620

rowel1652

spokea1658

stower1674

stale1714

rim1788

tread1838

through1899

step iron1912

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Scala To beare a ladder on his shoulders and put out his heade betweene the rundels.

1654 I. Penington Divine Ess. i. 3 So high as we get upon the rundles of those ladders..: but we cannot get into the Mount to look perfectly upon things there.

1680 W. de Britaine Humane Prudence xxv. 78 Confidence..is the Scale and Rundle by which many clime up to the Pinacle.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Rundle, a round; a step of a ladder.

1800 tr. C. G. Salzmann Gymnastics for Youth ii. vii. 307 He, who is capable of hopping on a single stilt, will soon learn to ascend the first, second, or third rundle, of a light, handy ladder.

1860 H. E. P. Spofford Sir Rohan's Ghost v. 111 Poor Dick fell down from here, a dozen years ago, when his hands were numbed and his feet slipped from the rundle.

1904 F. Mansfield Cosmiad, Sonnets & Rhymes 79 Other men With firmer grasp, hand over hand advance, And on the ladder's rundle upward go.

1922 H. V. Church 6th Yearbk. National Assoc. Secondary-school Principals 114 Image a psychological ladder in which the rundles or rounds represent the degrees of difficulty in learning.

b. A cylinder or roller made of wood; spec. one of the bars in a trundle. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [noun] > cylindrical object

rundle1565

roller1567

roundel1585

cylinder1641

bolea1651

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > cog or gear > lantern > parts of

cogs and rungs?1287

staving1491

stave1845

rundle1875

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Magis, a kneadinge trough; also a rundell that they vse to kneade with.

1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Rotoloni, rundles or rowlers of wood.

1865 L. Marie tr. J. Guyot Culture of Vine & Wine Making 59/1 The grapes thrown in the hopper are grappled by the flies and rubbed against the rundles of the half cylinder.

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2634/1 Trundle, a pair of round disks united by round bars or rundles which act as teeth.

1912 Amer. Antiquarian 34 136 The massage utensil having a carnelian agate handle tipped with jade, and rundles of rock crystal.

†c. A solid wheel or barrel; spec. a pulley. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > other wheels

well wheel1535

rundle1611

rown-wheel1688

walking wheel1730

side wheel1731

tirl1793

rigger1797

idle wheel1805

vane1842

Gypsy1850

air wheel1860

wind-wheel1867

sprocket1879

friction-wheel1888

Geneva wheel1891

idler1899

1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Raggij, the shiuers or rundles of a pullie.

1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 64 He had a wit at will: Running like the rundell of a blind horse-mill.

1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick i. vi. 37 It consists of an axis or cylinder, having a rundle about it, wherein there are fastned divers spokes.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pulley A little Wheel, or Rundle, having a Channel around it, and turning on an Axis.

1774 T. Skaife Key Civil Archit. v. 19 The end of the cord fixed to the center of the top pulley; and put first round the bottom rundle.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 586 Rundle, that part of a capstan round which the messenger is wound, including the drum-head.

1895 New Rev. Feb. 143 A huge water-skin is fastened to a rope passing over a rundle, and goes down into the well.

†7. Botany. A whorl; a verticil. Also: an umbel. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [noun] > verticil or arranged in whorl

rundle1578

verticillus1760

verticil1793

verticillation1830

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 269 The floures..do grow in spokie tuffets or rundels at the top of the stalkes.

1676 J. Rea Flora (ed. 2) 41 The Verginian Martagon..hath stalks set with small sharp-pointed whitish-green leaves in rundles.

1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece vi. 452 The Branches also grow at small distances in rundles, round the Body, like the Fir-Trees.

1704 Nat. Hist. ix, in L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. (ed. 2) 256 Rundle Plantain. Because it bears its Flowers in Whorles.

1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 116 Water-hemlock—with rundles or flower branches opposite the leaves.

1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 236 An Umbel, for which some authors retain the obsolete..name of Rundle.

1829 London Encycl. XI. 494/1 The leaves have central leaf-stalks, with about five flowers in a rundle; the petals are of a reddish white.

†8. Indian English. A parasol, an umbrella; = roundel n. 10. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter > an umbrella or parasol

kittisol1588

sombrero1599

umbril1610

umbrella1654

roundel1676

rundle1678

rib1716

brolly1874

1678 in J. T. Wheeler Madras in Olden Time (1862) III. App. 438 Rundells shall not be worne by any men in this Towne, without the Governour's permission.

1680 in H. Yule & A. C. Burnell Hobson-Jobson (1886) 850 A Rundell to be carried over him, in respect to the memory of Verona.

9. English regional (in later use chiefly midlands). A pollarded tree. Cf. runnel n.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > cultivated or valued > [noun] > lopped or sculpted tree or pollard

pollinger1570

pollard1588

lop1656

runnel1673

bolling1691

rundlea1697

polder1704

lop-stick1821

animal tree1884

a1697 J. Aubrey Nat. Hist. Wilts. (Royal Soc. MS) in J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words (1847) II. 698/2 The little rundles in shrowdes, which are come to their full growth (which will be about eighteen yeares).

1794 J. Clark Gen. View Agric. County of Radnor 28 The tenant..is entitled to top it [sc. a tree] as often as he pleases, coining then under the denomination of a rundle.

1839 G. C. Lewis Gloss. Words Herefordshire 89 Rundle, a hollow pollard tree.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. (at cited word) These pollards are usually spoken of as ‘old rundels’, because for many years oaks have not been polled.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rundle
释义	rundlen.¹ Brit. /ˈrʌndl/, U.S. /ˈrənd(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English rundelle, Middle English–1600s rundell, Middle English–1700s (1800s– English regional) rundel, 1500s– rundle, 1800s– rundall (English regional). Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: roundel n. Etymology: Variant of roundel n., with shortening of the vowel in the first syllable. Compare also rondel n. Sense 9 may perhaps show a different word: compare runnel n.²The (rare) Middle English examples of the forms rundel , rundell , rundelle (also attested in the meaning of roundel n. 11) could perhaps instead show roundel n., with a long vowel. The same is true of early examples of the surname Rundel (found from the end of the 12th cent. in England; in early use also Rundal ), which could also instead simply reflect the French word (see roundel n.). 1. †a. A curve, coil, or spiral. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] rundlec1300 waif1513 enwrapping1543 convolution1545 entrail?a1549 wreath1555 roundness1572 spire1572 rolling1576 enfold1578 infold1578 obvolution1578 gyre1590 whorl1592 enfoldment1593 twine1600 turn1625 volume1646 volution1752 swirl1786 coil1805 swirling1825 convolute1846 whirl1862 enfolding1873 snaking1888 c1300 St. Michael (Harl.) in T. Wright Pop. Treat. Sci. (1841) 133 (MED) Me mai the mone i-seo, while heo is nue riȝt A lute rundel, as a sikel; me siȝth therof that liȝt. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Turbo The rundell or windinge of a serpent. 1631 D. Widdowes tr. W. A. Scribonius Nat. Philos. (new ed.) 63 The Jejunum beginneth where the Duodenum beginneth to turne into rundells. 1661 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 2) Turbant, A Turkish hat, or Ornament for the head, of white and fine linnen, wreathed into a rundle. b. A circle or ring. Now rare.In some cases difficult to distinguish from sense 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > a circle or ring rounda1325 circlec1380 rigol1459 roundel1486 rundle1529 roundaboutc1535 circule1549 gyre1590 ringle1598 cirque1677 crinkle1702 circus1748 1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters i. iii. f. ix^v/1 Those necromancers to whom ye resemble them that put theyre confydence in the rundell & cercle on y^e ground. 1534 W. Turner tr. J. von Watt Of Olde God & Newe sig. Oj^v Your hedde is well nere altogether shauen & smothe, a lytell garlonde & rundell onely beynge left. 1597 J. Lyly Woman in Moone i. i Lastly the rundle of this Massiue earth, From vtmost face vnto the Centers point. 1597 A. Hartwell tr. D. Lopes Rep. Kingdome of Congo ii. vii. 182 The flat side [of the lute], (where we vse to carue a Rose, or a Rundell, to let the sounde goe inwarde). 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xxiv. 860/2 Which forced them..to gather themselues close into a rundell, their best and greatest ships standing without. 1690 W. Leybourn Cursus mathematicus f. 450^v Saturn [is]..at other times represented with two Rundles adhering to each side. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1752) 322 At the root of her horn she will put forth a rundle like a curled ring. 1867 Harper's Mag. Oct. 625/1 Yonder, leaning against the sky, two great uprights of flame, crossed by many rundles of fire! 1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. II. vii. 136 Lo, stoops, now, sun's vast rundle, to her rest. †c. A circular orbit. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > movement in circle > circular course ringeOE virona1380 environa1382 roundness?c1425 circuit1483 orbicular1523 round1539 bouta1542 rundle1574 ring road1828 orbit1831 ring-around1894 1574 R. Eden tr. Taisner De Natura Magnetis Ded. Euery of the Planettes are carried in their rundels or circles by course. d. A circular enclosure or field. Now rare (English regional in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > circular piece of land rundle1587 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > an enclosed space or place > an enclosed piece of ground > circular rundle1587 1587 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Ireland (new ed.) iii. 22/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II The maior bestoweth a costlie dinner within a mote or a rundell [1577 roundell], and both the shiriffs within another. 1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes iii. xviii. 339 The whole traine of Players issuing orderly from out the Capitoll, passed by the forum, into a great circle or rundle of ground, like a theater, made for the Spectators to behold the games. 1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia Rundle, Rundall, or Roundle, a round field or marsh, or a field that lies round..a person's property or house. †2. a. A small round or circular object. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > a circle, ring, or sphere trendlea900 roundnessa1382 compassc1384 rotundity?a1425 rundlea1425 rondure1609 rotundant1661 rotund1729 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Exod. xxv. 33 Thre cuppis at the licnesse of a note..and litle rundelis togidere. ?1585 W. C. Aduentures Ladie Egeria sig. C2^v The Duches..louinglye did imbrace and kisse, her husband Duke Lampanus liuely picture, which hanging about her necke, by a fayer chayne and rundle of Gold. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Tournet, a small turning rundle, or ring, in the mouth of a Bit, &c. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. vi. 67 This Instrument contains two Parts or Rundles..moving one upon the other. 1680 G. Mackenzie Sci. Herauldry 99 The Collar..having thereunto pendent on a blew Rundle, the image of St. Andrew. 1880 ‘P. Kent’ tr. H. de Balzac Poor Relations xxiv. 229 Rémonencq's eyes fell upon a copper rundle, very much oxydised. b. A round or circular slice or piece of something; a small round cake. Cf. roundel n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > small cake > types of small cake lozengec1430 rundle1587 macaroon1611 cookie1701 Savoy biscuit1719 queen cake1734 madling cake1747 dough1777 butter biscuit1789 rock cake1815 biscuit1818 madeleine1829 éclair1861 fairy cake1867 puftaloon1871 Eccles cake1872 petit four1875 rock bun1879 baby cake1880 rock1892 marigold1896 sponge finger1906 muffin top1914 palmier1920 lamington1929 whoopee pie1929 mandazi1937 French fancy1969 fondant fancy1974 1587 T. Dawson Good Huswifes Iewell f. 26 Cut Onions in rundels and frie them in butter. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxv. xiii. 235 The root..being cut into certaine thin rundles they use to preserve in wine. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 418 Take a good great Dock-root clean scraped, and cutte thereof fiue little rundels or cakes to be vsed as followeth. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Trochisque, a little rundle, or cake, whereinto diuers medicinable things be reduced. a1728 W. Kennett MS Coll. Provinc. Words (BL Lansdowne MS 1033) f. 331 Rundels, round pieces or parings, as the rundels of an apple or an onion, &c. †3. A small round shield. Cf. roundel n. 5a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > shield > [noun] > small bucklera1300 rondelc1300 targeta1400 roundel1538 rundle1562 rondache1591 pelta1600 pelt1617 1562 in 6th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1877) App. 647/2 Item ane cheir couerit with blak velwat and ane rundell of steyll..Item of speiris xxxiij. 1584 T. H. True Discription Tryumphes & Pastimes in tr. F. de Billerbeg Most Rare & Straunge Disc. Amurathe sig. E.ii In running at all the brydle, they drew out theyr swoordes, and cutte the rundels, percing quite through the other fashioned cirkles. 1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 210 Carrying light Venetian rundels and targets on their backes. †4. Heraldry. A circular bearing, charge, or device upon a shield or coat of arms; = roundel n. 6b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > circular device roundel1562 rundle1562 roundlet1680 rundlet1688 1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory f. 149 Whether are Roundells of all suche coloures, as ye haue spoken of here before? or shal they be named Rundelles of those coloures? 1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 86 Those rundels in the loftie chiefe do stand In sable bordure deepely ingreled. 1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry i. ii. 17 As the Ring hath no end, no more hath the Ball or Rundle. 1750 A. Collins Suppl. Peerage Eng. I. 76 A fair round Seal, with these Arms in a Shield, Quarterly, viz. in the 1st and 4th a Rest, and in the 2nd and 3d, on a Bend, three Rundles. †5. A circular mat for a dish, glass, or similar vessel. = roundel n. 3b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate > side-plate or under-plate wardnapec1475 gardnap1490 rundle1565 under-dish1625 portassiet1663 side plate1714 bread plate1872 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Orbis, a rundel to set dishes on for soilyng the table cloathe. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Esclisse, the Rundle, or Circlet put vnder a dish at Table. 6. a. A rung of a ladder. Frequently in figurative context. Cf. roundel n. 8. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > ladder > [noun] > rung or step stepc1000 gangOE stavec1175 tine?c1225 ladder stalea1250 degreec1290 rungc1300 staffc1325 stairc1400 ladder stavec1440 scalec1440 roundc1450 stakec1450 sprang1527 staver1534 rundle1565 rave1566 roundel1585 rondel1616 ladder rung1620 rowel1652 spokea1658 stower1674 stale1714 rim1788 tread1838 through1899 step iron1912 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Scala To beare a ladder on his shoulders and put out his heade betweene the rundels. 1654 I. Penington Divine Ess. i. 3 So high as we get upon the rundles of those ladders..: but we cannot get into the Mount to look perfectly upon things there. 1680 W. de Britaine Humane Prudence xxv. 78 Confidence..is the Scale and Rundle by which many clime up to the Pinacle. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Rundle, a round; a step of a ladder. 1800 tr. C. G. Salzmann Gymnastics for Youth ii. vii. 307 He, who is capable of hopping on a single stilt, will soon learn to ascend the first, second, or third rundle, of a light, handy ladder. 1860 H. E. P. Spofford Sir Rohan's Ghost v. 111 Poor Dick fell down from here, a dozen years ago, when his hands were numbed and his feet slipped from the rundle. 1904 F. Mansfield Cosmiad, Sonnets & Rhymes 79 Other men With firmer grasp, hand over hand advance, And on the ladder's rundle upward go. 1922 H. V. Church 6th Yearbk. National Assoc. Secondary-school Principals 114 Image a psychological ladder in which the rundles or rounds represent the degrees of difficulty in learning. b. A cylinder or roller made of wood; spec. one of the bars in a trundle. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [noun] > cylindrical object rundle1565 roller1567 roundel1585 cylinder1641 bolea1651 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > cog or gear > lantern > parts of cogs and rungs?1287 staving1491 stave1845 rundle1875 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Magis, a kneadinge trough; also a rundell that they vse to kneade with. 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Rotoloni, rundles or rowlers of wood. 1865 L. Marie tr. J. Guyot Culture of Vine & Wine Making 59/1 The grapes thrown in the hopper are grappled by the flies and rubbed against the rundles of the half cylinder. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2634/1 Trundle, a pair of round disks united by round bars or rundles which act as teeth. 1912 Amer. Antiquarian 34 136 The massage utensil having a carnelian agate handle tipped with jade, and rundles of rock crystal. †c. A solid wheel or barrel; spec. a pulley. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > other wheels well wheel1535 rundle1611 rown-wheel1688 walking wheel1730 side wheel1731 tirl1793 rigger1797 idle wheel1805 vane1842 Gypsy1850 air wheel1860 wind-wheel1867 sprocket1879 friction-wheel1888 Geneva wheel1891 idler1899 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Raggij, the shiuers or rundles of a pullie. 1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 64 He had a wit at will: Running like the rundell of a blind horse-mill. 1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick i. vi. 37 It consists of an axis or cylinder, having a rundle about it, wherein there are fastned divers spokes. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pulley A little Wheel, or Rundle, having a Channel around it, and turning on an Axis. 1774 T. Skaife Key Civil Archit. v. 19 The end of the cord fixed to the center of the top pulley; and put first round the bottom rundle. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 586 Rundle, that part of a capstan round which the messenger is wound, including the drum-head. 1895 New Rev. Feb. 143 A huge water-skin is fastened to a rope passing over a rundle, and goes down into the well. †7. Botany. A whorl; a verticil. Also: an umbel. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [noun] > verticil or arranged in whorl rundle1578 verticillus1760 verticil1793 verticillation1830 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 269 The floures..do grow in spokie tuffets or rundels at the top of the stalkes. 1676 J. Rea Flora (ed. 2) 41 The Verginian Martagon..hath stalks set with small sharp-pointed whitish-green leaves in rundles. 1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece vi. 452 The Branches also grow at small distances in rundles, round the Body, like the Fir-Trees. 1704 Nat. Hist. ix, in L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. (ed. 2) 256 Rundle Plantain. Because it bears its Flowers in Whorles. 1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 116 Water-hemlock—with rundles or flower branches opposite the leaves. 1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 236 An Umbel, for which some authors retain the obsolete..name of Rundle. 1829 London Encycl. XI. 494/1 The leaves have central leaf-stalks, with about five flowers in a rundle; the petals are of a reddish white. †8. Indian English. A parasol, an umbrella; = roundel n. 10. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter > an umbrella or parasol kittisol1588 sombrero1599 umbril1610 umbrella1654 roundel1676 rundle1678 rib1716 brolly1874 1678 in J. T. Wheeler Madras in Olden Time (1862) III. App. 438 Rundells shall not be worne by any men in this Towne, without the Governour's permission. 1680 in H. Yule & A. C. Burnell Hobson-Jobson (1886) 850 A Rundell to be carried over him, in respect to the memory of Verona. 9. English regional (in later use chiefly midlands). A pollarded tree. Cf. runnel n.² ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > cultivated or valued > [noun] > lopped or sculpted tree or pollard pollinger1570 pollard1588 lop1656 runnel1673 bolling1691 rundlea1697 polder1704 lop-stick1821 animal tree1884 a1697 J. Aubrey Nat. Hist. Wilts. (Royal Soc. MS) in J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words (1847) II. 698/2 The little rundles in shrowdes, which are come to their full growth (which will be about eighteen yeares). 1794 J. Clark Gen. View Agric. County of Radnor 28 The tenant..is entitled to top it [sc. a tree] as often as he pleases, coining then under the denomination of a rundle. 1839 G. C. Lewis Gloss. Words Herefordshire 89 Rundle, a hollow pollard tree. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. (at cited word) These pollards are usually spoken of as ‘old rundels’, because for many years oaks have not been polled. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rundlen.² Brit. /ˈrʌndl/, U.S. /ˈrənd(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s–1600s 1900s– rundel, 1500s– rundle. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: runnel n.¹ Etymology: Variant of runnel n.¹, with intrusive d . Compare the similar development shown by the synonym rindle n. Now rare (in later use poetic and English regional (Cheshire)). A small stream of water; a rivulet. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > rivulet or runnel rindleeOE runningc1350 stripec1440 ruissel1477 channel1478 veina1500 rivel1542 rivereta1552 rivulet1577 rundle1577 runnel1577 runner1578 runnet1601 rival1602 riverling1605 run1605 riveling1615 creek1622 drill1641 vein riveret1652 riverlet1654 rigolet1771 runlet1801 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. ix. f. 19/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I An infinit sort of small streames, brookes, beckes, waters, and rundelles. 1593 G. Markham Disc. Horsmanshippe iii. sig. G.3 Walk him a fayre foote-pace to some fayre Riuer or rundle, being at least halfe a myle, and there water him. 1650 in Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. (1931) (New Ser.) 14 32 A great dike..with a little rundle of water running in the middle of it. 1651 tr. F. de Quintana Hist. Don Fenise 58 There was a little rundle betwixt them which stayed the course of Marcell. 1753 Country Gentleman's Compan. II. 41 Carry your Hawk to some fair, little, shallow, sandy, running Brook or Rundle, where the Water is quiet and still. 1886 J. Hoole in R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester 478 The medda wheer that rundle is, Is th' nicest oi have seen. 1908 C. M. Doughty Adam Cast Forth ii. 26 How, whiles I, in the bubbling rundels, wash, Confirmed be these loose joints! 1934 C. Reznikoff Jerusalem the Golden lxiv. 24 Fresh water—brooks, rundles, springs and creeks. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1300n.²1577
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