ruminantadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈruːmᵻnənt/, U.S.

/ˈrumənənt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin rūminant-, rūmināns.

Etymology: As noun < classical Latin rūminant-, rūmināns animal that chews the cud, use as noun of rūminant-, rūmināns, present participle (see below); as adjective < classical Latin rūminant-, rūmināns, present participle of rūminārī or rūmināre ruminate v. Compare French ruminant (adjective) that chews the cud (1553 in Middle French; end of the 15th cent. in uncertain sense, perhaps ‘that gnaws’), (noun) animal that chews the cud (1688), Italian ruminante (a1342 as adjective, 1730 as noun).

A. adj.

a. Of an animal: that chews the cud; that is a ruminant (sense B. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [adjective]

ruminant1610

ruminating1646

ruminative1755

1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia i. ix. 21 Yet being cut downe in their infancie, and cast vpon their own roots, they will suffocate and destroy themselues, especially if they be therewithall Sheepe-folded and ground-fedde with ruminant Cattell.

1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) ii. 125 They [sc. camels] are Ruminant Creatures, and have four Stomachs.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 8 Of all ruminant animals, those of the cow kind deserve the first rank.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 3 In the ruminant animals, the stomach is..twenty-seven times the length of the body.

1882 Knowledge Aug. 159 A curious mixture of the characters of Pigs and Ruminant animals.

1931 E. Ferber Amer. Beauty xiv. 278 In their stalls, row on row, stood the gentle ruminant creatures, symbol of all that is pastoral.

1977 R. Rendell Judgement in Stone (1979) x. 76 He had the look of some gloomy ruminant animal, a goat or llama perhaps.

2001 G. C. McGavin Essent. Entomol. 231 David Bruce..went to Africa to investigate the cause of a disease of ruminant animals called nagana.

b. Astrology. Designating the three signs of the zodiac represented by ruminant animals (Aries, Taurus, and Capricorn).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > [adjective] > type of sign

obedienta1393

tortuousc1400

ruminant1633

mute1658

masculine1696

mutable1928

1633 J. Hart Κλινικη iii. viii. 258 The which I have proved to worke as well in my selfe as others, when the Moone was most remote from those ruminant signes.

1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 133 Ruminant Signs, are those Signs of the Zodiack represented by Creatures that use that Quality, viz. Aries, Taurus, and Capricorn.

1903 H. C. Hodges Sci. & Key of Life III. 238 Ruminant Signs... It is not wise to give drugs or medicine during the time the Moon is passing through these signs.

1937 V. Robson Electional Astrol. xi. 110 Place the ascendant, its lord, and the ☽ in the ruminant signs ♈, ☿, and ♑.

2. In extended use: contemplative, meditative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > [adjective]

thoughtfulc1175

contemplative1340

considerativec1449

musing1449

studient1532

pondering1566

contemplatory1576

speculative1578

considerate1581

reflective1581

theorical1594

theoric?1600

theoretical1608

meditative1611

thoughtsome1627

reflexive1630

reflecting1632

revolutive1637

cogitativea1639

thoughtive1654

lucubratory1656

thinkful1668

theoretic1701

ruminatinga1704

reflectious1715

ruminative1774

thinking1799

meditative1831

ruminant1849

meditational1864

penseful1865

1849 H. D. Thoreau Week Concord & Merrimack Rivers 131 Arabia, Persia, and Hindostan, the lands of contemplation and dwelling places of the ruminant nations.

1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 250 He enjoys a quiet misty afternoon in a ruminant sort of way.

1901 Amer. Homoeopathist‎ 15 Feb. 82/2 ‘Why, it was after this wise’, responded the ruminant professor of homeopathic materia medica.

1917 Unpopular Rev. July–Sept. 78 Jewel stood in the doorway, a tall woman with blunt features, ruminant eyes and large quiet hands.

2003 F. P. Glascoe in M. L. Wolraich Disorders Devel. & Learning v. 75/1 The ruminant thinking characteristic of depression or anxiety disorders.

B. n.

1. An animal that chews the cud; (Zoology, also with capital initial) any of a group of artiodactyl mammals, including cattle, sheep, camels, and deer, that have a large compartment in the gut (the rumen), anterior to the true stomach, in which food (esp. cellulose) is partially digested by bacteria and from which it is returned to the mouth for further chewing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [noun] > ruminant

ruminator1598

ruminant1661

cud-chewer1719

ruminal1844

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. A3^v Four-footed beasts, which..are either cornigerous ruminants..or ruminants without hornes; as the Camel, dromedary.

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. xi. 196 The Description these give of the muscular Part of the Gullet..is very exact in Ruminants.

1806 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 96 370 The ruminants with horns..have two preparatory stomachs for the food previous to rumination.

1847 W. C. L. Martin Ox 31/1 Peculiarities which distinguish between the ruminants and all other herbivorous quadrupeds.

1881 K. Semper Animal Life 32 No one will expect to find..buffaloes, stags, and other Ruminants in Australia.

1927 A. C. Parker Indian How Bk. vii. lxii. 279 These great ruminants were the makers of the first trails over the continent.

1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) vi. 165 (caption) Merycodus is ancestral to the North American prongbuck, intermediate between horned and antlered Ruminants.

2007 Daily Tel. 24 Aug. 2/2 There is an increased risk of bluetongue, a disease of all ruminants, including cattle, sheep, deer and goats, spreading across the Channel.

2. In extended use; esp. a contemplative person.

ΚΠ

1863 Southern Presbyterian Rev. 15 518 The common artist..strives to reproduce, with the utmost accuracy, what every one, even the clown or the contemplative ruminant, might see.

1898 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News 22 Apr. 7/2 The modern girl with her..rash aggression that has turned man from a swaggering predacean to a watchful ruminant.

1940 C. S. Lewis Let. 22 Mar. (1966) 179 Why should quiet ruminants like you and I have been born in such a ghastly age?

a1963 T. Roethke Coll. Poems (1968) 5 The ruminant, reason, chews a poisoned cud.

1993 D. F. Bell tr. C. Rosset Notes on Nietzsche in Joyful Cruelty 30 The bad ruminant does not have access to bliss because he is the prisoner of a thought devoted to misfortune.

Derivatives

ˈruminant-ˌlike adj.

ΚΠ

1842 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 10 199 We find the most ruminant-like Rodents in the Hystricine section.

1940 P. R. Cutright Great Naturalists Explore S. Amer. ix. 104 Both [species of peccary] are relatively small, spindly-legged animals that have..a complex ruminantlike stomach.

2000 P. Willmer et al. Enviromental Physiol. Animals xiii. 498/2 A number of non-ruminant placental mammals use ruminant-like digestive processes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ruminant
释义	ruminantadj.n. Brit. /ˈruːmᵻnənt/, U.S. /ˈrumənənt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin rūminant-, rūmināns. Etymology: As noun < classical Latin rūminant-, rūmināns animal that chews the cud, use as noun of rūminant-, rūmināns, present participle (see below); as adjective < classical Latin rūminant-, rūmināns, present participle of rūminārī or rūmināre ruminate v. Compare French ruminant (adjective) that chews the cud (1553 in Middle French; end of the 15th cent. in uncertain sense, perhaps ‘that gnaws’), (noun) animal that chews the cud (1688), Italian ruminante (a1342 as adjective, 1730 as noun). A. adj. 1. a. Of an animal: that chews the cud; that is a ruminant (sense B. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [adjective] ruminant1610 ruminating1646 ruminative1755 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia i. ix. 21 Yet being cut downe in their infancie, and cast vpon their own roots, they will suffocate and destroy themselues, especially if they be therewithall Sheepe-folded and ground-fedde with ruminant Cattell. 1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) ii. 125 They [sc. camels] are Ruminant Creatures, and have four Stomachs. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 8 Of all ruminant animals, those of the cow kind deserve the first rank. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 3 In the ruminant animals, the stomach is..twenty-seven times the length of the body. 1882 Knowledge Aug. 159 A curious mixture of the characters of Pigs and Ruminant animals. 1931 E. Ferber Amer. Beauty xiv. 278 In their stalls, row on row, stood the gentle ruminant creatures, symbol of all that is pastoral. 1977 R. Rendell Judgement in Stone (1979) x. 76 He had the look of some gloomy ruminant animal, a goat or llama perhaps. 2001 G. C. McGavin Essent. Entomol. 231 David Bruce..went to Africa to investigate the cause of a disease of ruminant animals called nagana. b. Astrology. Designating the three signs of the zodiac represented by ruminant animals (Aries, Taurus, and Capricorn). ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > [adjective] > type of sign obedienta1393 tortuousc1400 ruminant1633 mute1658 masculine1696 mutable1928 1633 J. Hart Κλινικη iii. viii. 258 The which I have proved to worke as well in my selfe as others, when the Moone was most remote from those ruminant signes. 1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 133 Ruminant Signs, are those Signs of the Zodiack represented by Creatures that use that Quality, viz. Aries, Taurus, and Capricorn. 1903 H. C. Hodges Sci. & Key of Life III. 238 Ruminant Signs... It is not wise to give drugs or medicine during the time the Moon is passing through these signs. 1937 V. Robson Electional Astrol. xi. 110 Place the ascendant, its lord, and the ☽ in the ruminant signs ♈, ☿, and ♑. 2. In extended use: contemplative, meditative. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > [adjective] thoughtfulc1175 contemplative1340 considerativec1449 musing1449 studient1532 pondering1566 contemplatory1576 speculative1578 considerate1581 reflective1581 theorical1594 theoric?1600 theoretical1608 meditative1611 thoughtsome1627 reflexive1630 reflecting1632 revolutive1637 cogitativea1639 thoughtive1654 lucubratory1656 thinkful1668 theoretic1701 ruminatinga1704 reflectious1715 ruminative1774 thinking1799 meditative1831 ruminant1849 meditational1864 penseful1865 1849 H. D. Thoreau Week Concord & Merrimack Rivers 131 Arabia, Persia, and Hindostan, the lands of contemplation and dwelling places of the ruminant nations. 1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 250 He enjoys a quiet misty afternoon in a ruminant sort of way. 1901 Amer. Homoeopathist‎ 15 Feb. 82/2 ‘Why, it was after this wise’, responded the ruminant professor of homeopathic materia medica. 1917 Unpopular Rev. July–Sept. 78 Jewel stood in the doorway, a tall woman with blunt features, ruminant eyes and large quiet hands. 2003 F. P. Glascoe in M. L. Wolraich Disorders Devel. & Learning v. 75/1 The ruminant thinking characteristic of depression or anxiety disorders. B. n. 1. An animal that chews the cud; (Zoology, also with capital initial) any of a group of artiodactyl mammals, including cattle, sheep, camels, and deer, that have a large compartment in the gut (the rumen), anterior to the true stomach, in which food (esp. cellulose) is partially digested by bacteria and from which it is returned to the mouth for further chewing. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [noun] > ruminant ruminator1598 ruminant1661 cud-chewer1719 ruminal1844 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. A3^v Four-footed beasts, which..are either cornigerous ruminants..or ruminants without hornes; as the Camel, dromedary. 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. xi. 196 The Description these give of the muscular Part of the Gullet..is very exact in Ruminants. 1806 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 96 370 The ruminants with horns..have two preparatory stomachs for the food previous to rumination. 1847 W. C. L. Martin Ox 31/1 Peculiarities which distinguish between the ruminants and all other herbivorous quadrupeds. 1881 K. Semper Animal Life 32 No one will expect to find..buffaloes, stags, and other Ruminants in Australia. 1927 A. C. Parker Indian How Bk. vii. lxii. 279 These great ruminants were the makers of the first trails over the continent. 1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) vi. 165 (caption) Merycodus is ancestral to the North American prongbuck, intermediate between horned and antlered Ruminants. 2007 Daily Tel. 24 Aug. 2/2 There is an increased risk of bluetongue, a disease of all ruminants, including cattle, sheep, deer and goats, spreading across the Channel. 2. In extended use; esp. a contemplative person. ΚΠ 1863 Southern Presbyterian Rev. 15 518 The common artist..strives to reproduce, with the utmost accuracy, what every one, even the clown or the contemplative ruminant, might see. 1898 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News 22 Apr. 7/2 The modern girl with her..rash aggression that has turned man from a swaggering predacean to a watchful ruminant. 1940 C. S. Lewis Let. 22 Mar. (1966) 179 Why should quiet ruminants like you and I have been born in such a ghastly age? a1963 T. Roethke Coll. Poems (1968) 5 The ruminant, reason, chews a poisoned cud. 1993 D. F. Bell tr. C. Rosset Notes on Nietzsche in Joyful Cruelty 30 The bad ruminant does not have access to bliss because he is the prisoner of a thought devoted to misfortune. Derivatives ˈruminant-ˌlike adj. ΚΠ 1842 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 10 199 We find the most ruminant-like Rodents in the Hystricine section. 1940 P. R. Cutright Great Naturalists Explore S. Amer. ix. 104 Both [species of peccary] are relatively small, spindly-legged animals that have..a complex ruminantlike stomach. 2000 P. Willmer et al. Enviromental Physiol. Animals xiii. 498/2 A number of non-ruminant placental mammals use ruminant-like digestive processes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1610
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