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roundn.1 Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: French rund , rond ; French runde , ronde ; round adj. Etymology: Partly (i) < Anglo-Norman rund, Old French, Middle French reond, reont, Middle French, French rond (masculine noun) circle (c1145 in en reont in a circular course; rare before late 15th cent.), denoting various circular objects, e.g. bud (13th cent.), ring-shaped object (1413), small coin (1461), environs of a town (end of the 14th cent.), partly (ii) < Anglo-Norman runde, Old French, Middle French reonde, Middle French, French ronde (feminine noun) circle (c1170 in a la reonde in a circle), denoting various circular objects (13th cent., earliest in specific sense ‘round cap’), and partly (iii) use as noun of round adj.Many senses of the French nouns are first attested later than in English, e.g. rond circle (1484), circumference (1538), group of people arranged in a circle (1555), man-made structure with a circular form (a1577, originally denoting a round horse-racing track), cylindrical piece of something (1850), ronde simple canon (1751, earliest in ronde de table ), or are not regularly attested until much later (so Old French roonde , French ronde round dance: 13th cent. in an isolated attestation, subsequently from 1783). Compare parallel nouns in several other Germanic languages, showing a similar variety of senses: Middle Dutch ront (in uncertain sense, perhaps ‘wheel’; Dutch rond now chiefly in sense ‘circular space’), Dutch ronde , (with added noun-forming suffix) rondte , Middle Low German runt , runde , ronde , German Runde , feminine noun (16th cent.; compare Middle High German ze runde in a circle), German Rund , neuter noun (17th cent.; < French rond ), Danish runde , Swedish rund , (now rare) runde , (in some specific senses, e.g. in boxing) rond . In sense 11 short for round shot n. In sense 13d after Dutch †rondse rounce n.1 In sense 23 and later extended uses of this sense probably after Middle French ronde (French ronde ) (?1559 in sense ‘review of troops’, 1567 in sense ‘group of soldiers on patrol’, 1569 in sense ‘act of patrolling’). Like Middle French ronder round v.2 in its specific sense ‘to patrol’ (beginning of the 15th cent.), Middle French, French ronde may show a different word (although associated with ronde ‘circle, environs’ and rond round adj. early on), a borrowing < Spanish ronda (a1260), a variant (with consonantal assimilation) of †robda , in turn a variant (with loss of the initial vowel) of †arobda , †arrobda (a1207), probably (with metathesis of consonants) < Spanish Arabic al-rutba < Arabic al- the + Arabic rutba rank, degree, class, occupation, in a specific Spanish Arabic sense development ‘office, tour of duty’. See further F. Corriente Dict. of Arabic and Allied Loanwords: Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and Kindred Dialects (2008) 196. An older suggestion, still cited in many etymological dictionaries, derives Spanish †robda , †arobda , †arrobda from an alleged Arabic form rubṭ , supposed to be the plural of rābiṭa ‘barracks of Arab soldiers defending the border areas of Muslim-held territory, also patrol of armed riders’ ( < rabaṭa to bind, tie: see Almoravid n.). However, this etymology is impossible, as no such plural form is attested, or even grammatical, in Arabic. Compare ( < Spanish) Portuguese ronda (14th cent.), Italian ronda (16th cent.), and also ( < French) Dutch ronde (late 16th cent. both denoting the action of patrolling and the group of soldiers executing a patrol; subsequently also in extended uses), German Runde (second half of the 17th cent. both denoting the action of patrolling and the group of soldiers executing a patrol; subsequently also in extended uses). A supposed sense ‘some species of flat sea-fish’ in N.E.D. (1909) is based on a misreading of an elliptical use of the adjective introducing a list of round fish. The β. forms show loss of the final consonant. I. Something circular in form, and related senses; a circle, a ring. 1. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > a circle or ring a1325 St. Thomas Becket (Corpus Cambr.) l. 2168 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill (1956) 681 (MED) Þer nis ipeint a round al aboute is heued Þat is icluped diademe. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iii. met. ix. l. 2436 It haþ assembled a moeuyng in two roundes [L. orbes]. 1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks i. 9 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil The serpent huge with winding bowts and rounds Slides downe..in maner of a riuer. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. i. 104 What is this, that..weares vpon his Baby-brow, the round And top of Soueraignty? View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton ix. 183 The Serpent..fast sleeping soon he found In Labyrinth of many a round self-rowld. View more context for this quotation 1742 tr. (1768) II. iii. 386 Then the Roller ascends gradually by spiral Rounds towards the Inguen. 1817 J. Evans 169 At each end, in a round, is a knight on horseback, in the manner of ancient seals. 1868 J. T. Nettleship viii. 291 We cannot each finish our lives to a perfect round. 1884 (Weekly ed.) 28 Dec. 7/1 Upon which was engraved in a round, an inscription of a star with six rays. a1918 N.-V. Ghosha (1919) 271 Mazes of seventeen concentric rounds. 1941 E. Mongan & C. O. Schniewind 77 The rounds on the top, bottom, and on both sides contain the symbols of the four evangelists. 2001 K. Fassett & L. Prior Lucy (2003) 99 Embroider a flower of two or three concentric rounds of radiating straight stitches on each chartreuse centre square. the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > coiling round something > a single turn of something wound round > specifically of a chain 1648 A. Burgess xxii. 187 The major is grounded upon the method and order which the Apostle observeth, beginning with the highest round in that chain, which is predestination. 1693 No. 2838/4 Lost.., a Gold Chain with 7 Rounds. 1708 5–10 Mar. A Gold Chain containing six Rounds with a Gold Locket. the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > coiling round something > a single turn of something wound round 1771 T. Sadler I. 34 Admit the radius of a weaver's beam to be 5 inches, and with 27 rounds of cloth. 1788 10 555 The price of spinning linen yarn is 400 rounds on a two-yard reel for one penny. 1835 E. P. Roberts 58/1 The several rounds as they lie on the reel should not be glued together. 1845 26 169 From twenty to thirty rounds of cloth are rolled upon the cylinder. 1880 58 All materials in skeins are divided above into ‘rounds’ as they are comparatively easily counted. 1906 W. W. Merritt xv. 128 A ‘cut’ consisted of sixty rounds of the reel, which was announced when it was done by a loud ‘crack’ made by some internal attachment. 1940 40 646 Arithmetic will be learned by the children while counting the number of rounds during the winding of the yarn on the winder. 1993 Autumn 12/2 [Reels] had a geared clock face which indicated the number of rounds wound on it in increments of ten. 2. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [phrase] > in a circle or ring the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > other specific arrangements > arranged in other specific manner [phrase] > in a circle the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > other specific arrangements > [noun] > arrangement in a group > a circular group of people the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular formation > of persons or creatures 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan i. xxiv. sig. Evv Whan eny grete strengthe of ennemyes dyde comme vpon hem, they putte hem self in a rounde [Fr. se mettoient en rondeur]. 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid (new ed.) viii. 108 Oftentymes with hand in hand they daunced in a round About the Trunk. 1590 E. Spenser i. vi. sig. E8 A troupe of Faunes and Satyres far a way Within the wood were dauncing in a rownd. 1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon 96 The Souldiers..gathered together, and stood in rounds. 1655 T. Stanley I. i. 104 From midst of that learn'd Round come I. 1711 J. Addison No. 1. ¶5 Sometimes I am seen thrusting my Head into a Round of Politicians at Will's. 1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer II. viii. 518 The Peers encircling form an awful round. 1747 J. Warton 45 While in sweet converse in a round you sit On the green turf, or in the woodbine-bower. 1825 W. S. Rose tr. L. Ariosto III. xvii. 198 With much solace, seated in a round, We from the chace expect our lord's return. 1886 J. Ruskin II. vi. 215 The dance of four sweet Pisan maids, in a round. 1923 E. Sitwell 26 Dancing with angels all in a round, Hornpipe and rigaudon on the Fair's ground. 2009 34/1 All classes are taught with students sitting ‘in a round’, emphasizing student participation. the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > other specific arrangements > [noun] > arrangement in a group > a circular group of things society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > [noun] > free-standing condition > article executed in the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular formation a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece (Mar Lodge) (1946) f. 63v Certane grete stanys..in cirkill..Ȝit in thir oure dayis ar sene thir roundis of stanys and ar callit the ald templis of goddis. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. iv. 50 (My daughter) and my little sonne, And three or foure more of their growth,..With rounds of waxen Tapers on their heads. View more context for this quotation 1620 J. Pyper tr. H. d'Urfé i. ii. 7 He made a Round of dead bodies about Clidaman. 1663 W. Charleton 33 Encompassed only with a round of Columns. 1700 T. Brown xi. 131 A Grave Assembly, but ill seated upon Low Stools set in a Round. 1766 T. Smollett II. xxvii. 59 You need not doubt but I visited the Campanile, or hanging-tower, which is a beautiful cylinder of eight stories, each adorned with a round of columns. 1803 in J. J. Shillinglaw (1879) 70 They cut the corn with a sickle, than place it upon a large round of stones. 1857 Nov. 175 Amid the Theatre's broad round Of seats. 1921 L. Plante iv. 59 From the topmost round of seats, a scene of beauty unfolded itself to the beholders like a panorama. 1985 C. Holland ii. 157 He went to the hearth, a raised round of stones in the center of the house. 1767 A. Young 2 In a round of different professions, all must either immediately or relatively depend on each other. 1785 W. Cowper ii. 385 Constant at routs, familiar with a round Of ladyships. 1826 C. Lamb in 16 225 Cannot we..know Sulpicia without knowing all the round of her card-playing relations? 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ III. v. xxxvi. 3 Repeating again and again the same small round of memories. 1875 Jan. 7 In common..with the whole round of his acquaintance, we looked forward to the publication of his Journal. 1908 E. F. A. Drake (rev. ed.) iii. 52 Once out of the pleasant, social round of friends it is hard to regain your lost footing. 1992 N. Miller xix. 429 Family dinners, at which the president liked to entertain visiting celebrities along with his usual round of friends, were far simpler. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > circumference ?a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 600/35 (MED) Paritonius..the rownde of the erth. 1594 W. Shakespeare sig. G3v To..turne the giddy round of Fortunes wheele. View more context for this quotation 1615 G. Sandys 32 On the left side stands the round of an ancient Chappell. 1707 J. Mortimer 280 The ring or round of the Wheel is more flat. 1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei 211 That of Rome was built of Travertine Stone..in the Circuit or exterior Round. 1785 W. Cowper iv. 258 The moon..Resplendent less, but of an ampler round. 1821 W. Scott II. xii. 292 The wide round of earth..holds nothing that I would call a recompense. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Miller's Daughter viii, in (new ed.) 37 The dark round of the dripping wheel. 1865 J. M. Neale 66 There the soul, in fullest tenour, Graspeth Wisdom's total round. 1901 F. Norris ii. ix. 651 What was the full round of the circle whose segment only he beheld? 1983 N. Dubie 70 The events in this wilderness, Portrayed in the round of the vase. 4. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular object c1500 Sc. Poem Heraldry (Harl. 6149) l. 107 in F. J. Furnivall (1869) i. 97 In armis ar sertene rondis, as ball. 1516 in J. B. Paul (1903) V. 96 For glas to the said windo and for j pantit rownd. 1525 tr. H. von Brunschwig sig. Cvv Lay it in a rounde of wyne and let it lye therin. vi hours longe. 1688 R. Holme i. vi. 60/2 I shall in the first place speak of the Rounds, Roundles, or Roundlets. 1757 W. Wilkie ii. 46 The Theban spear;..Full to the center of the shield, it came; And, rising swiftly from the polish'd round, His throat transfix'd. 1810 A. Boswell (1871) 54 Those polish'd rounds which decorate the coat, And brilliant shine upon some youth of note. 1860 N. Hawthorne II. xxv. 277 The pavement, with its great squares and rounds of porphyry and granite, cracked crosswise and in a hundred directions. a1940 F. Scott Fitzgerald (1945) 145 Honey-colored pointed-back hair..accentuated the two lovely rounds of her temples. 2008 S. Nichols vi. 81 (caption) It clearly has light-coloured rounds on the top wing. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > archery > [noun] > archery target 1531 in H. A. Ford & W. Butt (1887) 141 Paied to Byrde Yoeman of the Kinges bowes for making the Roundes. 1551 King Edward VI Jrnl. in (1857) II. 312 I lost the chaling of shoting at roundes, and wane at rovers. a1627 J. Hayward (1630) 8 He often appointed challenges among them for wrestling, leaping, running, riding, shooting at roues, and at rounds and such like games. 1891 A. Conan Doyle II. xxii. 206 Take them how you would, at long butts or short, hoyles, rounds, or rovers, better bowmen never twirled a shaft over their thumbnails. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a disc 1615 G. Sandys 109 Ouer their shashes the men weare rounds of stiffned russet to defend their brains from the piercing feruour. 1699 J. Stevens tr. J. de Mariana xix. vi. 323 To be known they should wear a Round of Red Cloath on their right Shoulder three Fingers broad. 1765 R. Jones iii. 92 Two or three rounds of paper well pasted will be enough for the head. 1830 14 Aug. 4/4 Atkinson's Almond Soap, made from the purest almond oil, in squares for washing, and in rounds for shaving. 1846 C. E. Francatelli 35 Moisten with sufficient broth to cover the cabbages, and spread a buttered round of paper over the whole. 1896 G. C. Foster & E. Atkinson x. §97.135 He arranged a number of alternate discs of copper and zinc, each pair being separated from the next by a round of cloth soaked with acidulated water. 1905 E. Tuite 29 Place a round of potato on each round of paté de foie gras, and cover agin with tongue and potato. 1920 A. L. Macleod iv. 145 Fold the round of paper first in two, then in four, and open up the resulting triangular segment . 1977 May 56/1 Medaillon..French. Applied to foods (beef, lobster, et al.) cut in rounds. 1996 Oct. 24/3 Roll the pastry out to a round slightly larger than the tin. the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > beef > [noun] > other cuts or parts 1660 W. Denton Let. 29 Feb. in M. M. Verney (1894) xiii. 469 The Beef the best that ever was eat, I eat a whole Round last night my self. 1742 J. Winstanley et al. 210 Thursday next, the Archer's dine, On Rounds of Beef, if not Sir Loin. 1771 J. Woodforde Diary 5 Jan. in (1970) 3 i. 24 I gave them for Dinner..a Round of Beef boiled. 1821 W. Scott II. iv. 68 The board groaned with rounds of hung beef. 1852 R. S. Surtees x. liv. 309 A magnificent cold round of home-fed beef, red with saltpetre. 1861 G. F. Berkeley xv. 246 The quarters of the animal are indeed ‘rounds of beef’. 1870 E. Peacock I. 16 A round of cold spiced beef. 1908 S. J. Weyman xix. 294 Visions of hot bacon, cold round, and sweet brown bread. 1955 F. G. Ashbrook xii. 229 Our modern dried beef, sometimes called chipped beef, is generally made from the round. 1993 28 Dec. 15/1 (advt.) Roast Chicago Round of Beef. Garlic Shrimp Chicken Provencale... Rice & Peas. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > piece of bread > [noun] > slice of bread the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > toast > [noun] > slice or piece of 1769 H. Brooke IV. 239 He carried a large Round of Bread and Butter in one Hand. 1828 S. T. Coleridge (1971) VI. 772 Your Letter by this morning's Post made me eat my Round of Toast and sip my Cups of Tea in gladsomeness of heart. 1841 C. Dickens iv. 260 A couple of rounds of buttered toast. a1845 R. H. Barham Knight & Lady in (1847) 3rd Ser. 278 A round and a half of some hot butter'd-toast. a1902 S. Butler (1903) lxxii. 330 She..had made him a round of toast. 1947 A. Ransome xix. 232 Peggy was cutting rounds of bread to make potted meat sandwiches. 1968 M. Woodhouse vi. 51 Rasmussen had to make do with four eggs and only half a dozen rounds of toast because I was there. 1990 Christmas No. 48/2 There is smoked salmon, cold scrambled egg, delicious raw herrings, cold meats, rounds of bread, and cheese. 2008 J. Wilson (2009) iv. 39 Mom poured him another cup of coffee and gave him another round of toast. 5. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular structure 1530 in H. M. Paton (1957) I. 33 For..rauchteris for..the pending of the greit windois..in the ii chalmeris and rowndis. 1589–90 in R. S. Mylne (1893) 68 And sall big ane doucat in the north round ellevine fut abone the jesting thairof. a1600 R. Lindsay (1899) I. 336 Farder thair was tua great roundis in ilk syde of the ȝeit. 1602 J. Marston Prol. sig. A2 If any spirit breathes within this round [sc. the theatre], Vncapable of waightie passion. 1632 W. Lithgow i. 16 A rotundo..open at the top with a large round. 1692 tr. M.-C. d'Aulnoy ii. viii. 89 The Old Walls..are yet standing; There are of them four Rounds, built at divers times. 1725 J. Henley tr. B. de Montfaucon (ed. 2) 21 A Round of Walls fortified with Towers. 1775 S. Johnson 161 Within the great circle were several smaller rounds of wall, which formed distinct apartments. 1820 W. Scott I. v. 163 The small round, or turret closet..was accessible by another door. 1881 E. A. Freeman 133 The arches of the round rest on heavy rectangular piers of truly Roman strength. 1909 Feb. 115/2 Jean IV. de Beuil, improvements to the outer wall, the way of the rounds and the towers. 1967 29 29/1 Le Corbusier's Ronchamp... has various sorts of ‘ancient’ apsidical rounds, and heavy thick walls. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular object > of natural origin 1602 R. Carew ii. f. 107 The Iland is square, with foure rounds at the corners, like Mount-Edgecumb. 1632 W. Lithgow ix. 397 High are thy rounds, steepe, circled, as I see. 1741 Lady Pomfret (1805) III. 269 A vast round of mountains, joined, and covered with fir-trees. 1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford 119 She passed the large round of honeysuckles, her favourite resort. 1837 N. Hawthorne 252 The vast round of cloud and forest. 1881 T. E. Brown 211 A round of trees, if it's trees you'd call them. 1904 A. M. F. Robinson (ed. 2) iv. 164 The white may-trees, still in flower, grow in rounds and rings together on the broken ground. 2001 D. Drake xii. 311 Trees stood in rounds of bright-colored flowers. the world > space > shape > curvature > [noun] > a curve 1608 B. Jonson Masque of Beautie 302 in Those curious Squares, and Rounds, Wherewith thou flow'st betwixt the grounds Of fruictfull Kent. 1728 A. Pope ii. 154 So Jove's bright bow displays its watry round. 1799 Ld. Nelson 30 Apr. in (1845) III. 343 Castel-a-Mare, which is opposite Naples, and, by the Round of the Bay, twelve miles distant. 1807 J. Barlow i. 33 The yielding concave bends sublimer rounds. 1890 (John Murray) 177 The Trent makes some eccentric windings, called ‘rounds’, in this parish. 1921 S. Graham (1922) iii. 45 It is all pure poetry now, the wrecked lighters stuck in the sand, the sweep of Ocean Beach, the rounds of Suvla Bay. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue > other types of statue 1634 H. Peacham (new ed.) xii. 110 Besides, Rounds (so Painters call Statues and their fragments) may be had, when the life cannot. 1634 H. Peacham (new ed.) xii. 110 A Round is better to draw by..than any flat or painting whatsoever. c1660 J. Evelyn anno 1644 (1955) II. 190 Over the doore [is] a round of M:Angelo. 1662 J. Evelyn v. 116 Rounds, Busts, Relievos and entire Figures. 1773 T. Martyn & J. Lettice in tr. O. A. Bayardi I. Pref. xxxiv Two half-length figures in rounds, much decayed; one of a woman crowned with leaves, the other of a boy with a thyrse in his hand. the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > brewing > [noun] > vat or vessel for brewing or fermenting 1806 11 Jan. (advt.) All that well-known and Capital common brewhouse with coppers, backs, rounds, casks &c. &c. situate in Milk-street. 1835 W. Black 105 I recollect having been on a certain occasion asked by an eminent brewer to give my opinion of the comparative merits, of two different gyles of beer, then in the cleansing rounds. 1865 8 July 17/1 They would not permit of any conjunction of iron and brass in the fermenting tuns or in the cleansing rounds. 1880 ii. 406 It was at one time the practice amongst the Scotch brewers to employ fermenting rounds only, and to cleanse from these directly into the casks. 1910 IV. 510/2 Fermentation takes place in wooden vessels (termed ‘squares’ or ‘rounds’). 1928 19 May 27/1 (advt.) 204-barrel fermenting round. 1975 H. S. Corran x. 167 Fermentation in the squares was generally concluded in 30hr and the beer then removed to the rounds for cleansing. 2006 A. Whitaker xxix. 221 Cooled wort was piped into fermenting rounds or squares of pitch pine, up to 100 barrels' capacity. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin III. 341 Two of the officers landed to take a round of angles with the theodolite. 1899 13 411 Rounds of angles were taken from Pegi Hill, the hill on Kaweri Island,..and a rock near Ngo. 1916 21 Sept. 58/1 The great drawback to the sextant for survey work is that it is impossible to take accurate rounds of horizontal angles with it. 1963 53 169 The survey team..completed four rounds of angles at each of three triangulation stations. II. A spherical object. the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > [noun] > sphericity or globularity > sphere > spherical or globular object c1330 King of Tars (Auch.) l. 577 in (1889) 11 47 (MED) When þe child was y-bore..lim no hadde it non; Bot as a rond of flesche y-schore..Wiþ outen blod & bon. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. xxx. 375 Þe tokenes..beþ..difficulte of breþinge, bolnynge of face, roundes of þe iȝen swelliþ and akeþ. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) in (1968) 12 224 (MED) Al þe formes þat þou woost, Rounde conteineþ alþermost. 1604 W. Alexander v. i She 'twixt her bosomes Rounds entomb'd his head. 1614 W. Alexander iii. i. sig. H2v Immortall Monarch, Ruler of the Rounds. 1642 H. More sig. B2v Those far-shining Rounds in open skies. 1807 J. Barlow i. 33 To yon dim rounds first elevate thy view. 1930 T. S. Eliot 11 The hollow round of my skull. 10. spec. Chiefly poetic. the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > earth > [noun] 1584 King James VI & I sig. Bijv How the Seas owerflowed this massiue round. 1594 T. Kyd tr. R. Garnier ii. 347 The Monarchies, that couer all This earthly round with Maiestie. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme lxxii. 88 in (1998) II. 92 Lett all this Round Thy honor sound. 1607 J. Davies sig. H2 The Delvge (that did rince this Rovnd). 1667 J. Milton vii. 267 Elemental Air, diffus'd In circuit to the uttermost convex Of this great Round . View more context for this quotation 1704 C. Povey xviii. 391 The whole terrestrial Round cannot fill the triangular Heart of Man. 1728 A. Ramsay II. 172 When Time was young, and Innocence, With tender Love govern'd this Round. 1798 W. Sotheby tr. C. M. Wieland 190 The little demon on this earthly round, Who, with full quiver, sits in triumph crown'd. 1834 T. Carlyle i. iv. 11/2 Some incarnate Mephistopheles, to whom this great terrestrial and celestial Round, after all, were but some huge foolish Whirligig. 1878 C. Sangster in Feb. 330 Disturber of the peace profound Sighed for through all this earthly round. 1917 T. Hardy 225 I traced the whole terrestrial round. 2000 tr. Bede in M. O'Connell tr. J. Delumeau iii. 44 Paradise is located in the eastern part of the earthly round. the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [noun] ?1593 G. Fletcher xxi. 31 The rownd of heaven, from earth unto the skies. 1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn x, in 6 Nature that heard such sound Beneath the hollow round Of Cynthia's seat. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals iii, in tr. Virgil 16 The round of Heav'n, which all contains. 1738 J. Thomson iii. i. 34 The full-peopled Round of azure Heaven. 1794 June 428 The Persians held, that the whole round of heaven was their Jupiter. 1808 W. Scott i. Introd. 6 The wild birds carol to the round. 1879 J. Burroughs 99 Not a speck or film in all the round of the sky. 1908 E. C. Stedman 325 Do you know the blue of the Carib Sea..More deep than the bluest spaces be Betwixt white clouds in heaven's round? 1930 S. Hoffenstein 82 Sweet Morning, ere you yield the boon Of heaven to the afternoon, Oh, let me envy from the ground The sights of your celestial round! society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or ball > cannonball 1707 No. 4380/2 We gave him..our Broadside with Double and Round. 1736 W. R. Chetwood II. 227 We fir'd upon 'em with our Double and Round. 1804 W. Monson in Marquess Wellesley (1877) 544 We..charged the enemy's advanced party under a most tremendous discharge of round, grape, and chain. c1860 H. Stuart (rev. ed.) 13 When loading with round and grape. 1882 T. Roosevelt vii. 323 The British opened the conflict, firing the shifting 12-pound carronade, loaded with round and grape. 1998 R. C. Butalia vii. 98 They were subjected to severe fire of musketry, and the artillery firing round, chain and grape. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > potato > types of 1800 29 Dec. In Newgate market, the ox noble sell at 8s. per cwt. the round 11s. and kidneys 14s. 1847 Apr. 386/1 (table) Belfast rounds. Red potato. Kidneys. 1899 29 Apr. 114/1 Take the well-known Schoolmaster, a white round. 1928 25 July 19/3 Potatoes.—Spitalfields: English Kidneys 6s to 7s, rounds 5s to 5s 6d per cwt. 1983 G. J. Scott iii. 25/2 Traditional Indian varieties such as Darjeeling Red Rounds. III. A cylindrical object, and related senses. 13. A cylindrical part of an implement or other manufactured object. society > occupation and work > equipment > ladder > [noun] > rung or step c1450 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Texas) (1940) l. 3625 Roundes [c1405 Hengwrt He made laddres thre To clymben by the ronges and the stalkes Vn to the tubbes hangyng in the balkes]. 1548 T. Cooper (rev. ed.) Climacter, the rounde or step of a ladder. 1579–80 in W. H. Turner (1880) 410 Item, for the ladder rownes, vjd. 1626 W. Lawson (rev. ed.) xi. 40 A Ladder of eight or moe rounds. 1667 L. Stuckley (1670) xxvi. 253 They should be but as the rounds of a Ladder. 1709 No. 42. ⁋13 A Ladder of Ten Rounds. 1758 J. Reed iv. vii. 45 As she climb'd Into the garret, her too-faithless foot Slipp'd from the ladder's topmast round. 1854 A. E. Baker II. 183 The common mode of describing the length of a ladder is to call it ‘a ladder of so many rounds’. 1875 E. H. Knight II. 1245/1 The collapsing-ladder..has rounds pivoted to the side-rails. 1936 Dec. 66/3 The ladders..are made of white pine with match sticks for the rounds. 1991 J. C. George 140 The stumps of its branches, which they had trimmed away, formed the rounds of the ladder they climbed to the top. 1577 N. Breton Pref. sig. Aiiii To make my Ladder of such stuffe, As I may trust..But then the Rovndes, must not be made of Rymes. 1601 J. Marston et al. i. sig. B Let who will climbe ambitious glibbery rowndes. 1661 J. Davies 152 They..pursue their..intentions to the very uttermost round of the ladder. 1741 S. Richardson III. xxix. 173 I should scorn to make myself a Round to any Man's Ladder of Preferment. 1786–7 (ed. 2) 437 Having arrived at the ‘topmost round’ of that learning which this seminary was capable of bestowing. 1813 R. Wilson 11 June (1861) II. 45 The topmost round of the ladder cannot be reached in a single enterprise. 1858 H. W. Longfellow ii Our pleasures and our discontents Are rounds by which we may ascend. 1875 F. E. Trollope I. xiii. 170 I may consider myself on the first round of the ladder. 1911 H. James i. 49 Oh, I'm at the very lowest round of the ladder. But I aspire! 1975 29 Oct. 4 Some very touching sermons..which concerned the whole Barbadian community beginning at the top round of the ladder. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > chair > [noun] > parts of chairs > other parts the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > plough-tail or stilt > crossbar connecting stilts 1599 sig. G Being againe bound in the chair, sixe stronge men leaned with their whole strength thereon, each also setting one foote on the rounde of the chaire to keepe it down. 1815 J. Pickering in 3 liv. 515 The braces or rounds of common chairs arc also called rungs. 1843 J. H. Ingraham iii. 7 His legs were duck-legs, and like a little boy's, reaching only to the round of his chair. 1843 Apr. 85/1 The balance could then be made fast to the upper slat or round of the plough. 1905 M. E. Freeman 266 Eddy sat down and swung his feet, kicking the round of the chair. 1995 Oct. 79/3 (caption) Rough-turned chair rounds are fed through this dowel sander. society > communication > printing > printing machine or press > parts of printers or presses > [noun] > carriage > mechanism for moving carriage 1648 H. Hexham Rondtse, the Wheele or Round of a presse. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > parts of wheels > tooth 1731 (Royal Soc.) 37 6 To this is applied a Trundle, or Pinion,..of six Rounds, or Teeth. 1764 J. Ferguson iii. 35 A winch six inches long, fixt on the axis of a trundle of 8 staves or rounds. 1805 D. Brewster (new ed.) II. 82 (note) The cylindrical bars of trundles..are called staves, or rounds. 1875 E. H. Knight III. 2634/1 Trundle-wheel, a wheel acting as a pinion, in which the cogs consist of rounds or trundles fastened in disks which are secured to an axle. 1905 ‘W. Rogers’ I. 124 On the axis of the wheel was a cog-wheel..meshing into a trundle-wheel 4½ feet in diameter and having 20 rounds, or pins. 1977 E. Smith ii. 44 The lantern pinion..consists of two brass ‘shrouds’ into which are fitted steel pins, known as ‘rounds’,..and is extensively found on cheaper clockwork. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > roll 1661 in (1820) VII. 253/2 Runds of cloath ilk three thousand ells. 1693 in C. M. Armet (1953) II. 461 Ane rowne half plaids. 1696 J. F. 5 The Cambricks are sold..in a Parcel, the Kentings are sold by Rounds, as four or five in a Round. 15. An object with a convex surface. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > convex moulding 1673 J. Moxon tr. J. Barozzio (ed. 3) 44 The Astragaloes, or Rounds. 1728 E. Chambers at Volute In others, the Round is parallel to the Abacus, and springs out from behind the Flower thereof. 1845 F. A. Paley iv. 26 St. Sepulchre's Church, Cambridge, affords..an excellent illustration of the first idea of forming rounds by removing edges, and of setting off the parts thus rounded. a1878 G. G. Scott (1879) I. 249 Its practical use being to strengthen the hollows rather than to enrich the rounds. 1910 H. M. Pratt 49 The large rounds are grouped with smaller ones or with clusters or fillets. 1978 P. Dirsztay 4 Mouldings of deeply cut rounds and hollows. society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > plane > [noun] > for curved surfaces 1793 T. Sheraton I. iii. 375 The convex parts of the base-moulding may be worked with hollows and rounds. 1797 15 261 The sort of planes I have used are what, by the joiners, are called the levelled rebate plane, and small rounds. 1846 C. Holtzapffel II. 488 Concave and convex planes, called hollows and rounds, include the fifth or sixth..of the circle. 1875 E. H. Knight II. 1113/1 The illustration shows the use of hollows and rounds, in the molding of a panel door. 1904 F. T. Hodgson (1908) i. 85 Hollows, rounds, and rebate planes are exceptional, however, and should have the grain as straight as possible. 1990 May–June 51/2 Hollows and rounds are used to shape the remaining profile. 16. A cylindrical piece of something. 1837 21 Jan. 604/2 The pieces are frequently cylindrical or roundish, but sometimes flattened; in trade they are distinguished as rounds and flats. 1877 49 408 The large central portion [of rhubarb], or tap root, furnishes the pieces known in trade as ‘fine large flats’ and ‘fine large rounds’. The ‘small rounds’..are obtained from the side branches of the root. 1911 1 43 The majority of [potato] tubers are normal ‘rounds’. 1963 706 The ‘rounds’ are shrunken and frequently show the remains of the bud. 2003 M. Risley 112/1 Slice the celery root into ¼-inch rounds. Pile up the rounds and cut them into 1-inch widths. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > bar of iron > other types of bar 1862 Aug. 158 Rounds not less than one-half an inch nor more than four inches in diameter, and squares not less than one-half an inch nor more than four inches square. 1873 S. Griffiths v. 78 The sheets, hoops, plates, bars, strip and small rounds and squares manufactured here, may be relied upon. 1891 5 Oct. 4/4 Engineers are sending in good orders for turning rounds, &c., and the demand for the general run of sizes in rounds, flats, squares, &c., is steadily increasing. 1939 (Board Educ. Gary, Indiana) 85 The plant produces cold finished bar steel in unusual shapes and sizes technically called squares, hexagons, and flats, turned and polished rounds and ground rounds. 1967 8 347 Existing rolling methods were combined to establish the mill as a consistent and satisfactory producer of flats, rounds, or squares in wrought iron. 1993 G. Friday in A. B. Bakan et al. 255 Centrin produces steel products (squares, flats, and rounds) from billets purchased from ISCOTT. IV. Something which moves in a circular manner or occurs cyclically. 17. society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > round dance > [noun] c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus v. 358 The roundes and daunces fulfyllyd with plesure. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil xii. Prol. 193 Sum sing sangis, dansis ledys, and rovndis. 1548 f. cviij To tel you..what roundes were daunced in large and brode places..it were a long woorke. 1579 S. Gosson f. 27v There are other which haue a share with them in their Schooles, therfore ought they to daunce the same Rounde. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. i. 145 Ile Charme the Ayre to giue a sound, While you performe your Antique round . View more context for this quotation 1636 J. Stratford in sig. G3 Keeping their Revells now on Cotswold downes, In thy great honour, dauncing Maskes, and Rownes. 1695 R. Blackmore i. 22 The Jocond Fairies Dance their silent round. 1705 E. Arwaker 4 Am'rous Pairs in Rosie Garlands crown'd, On Moss-green Carpets dance an artless Round. 1799 W. Wordsworth 28 Where rivulets dance their wayward round. 1819 W. Scott III. xiii. 325 A good fellow and a merry, who will..draw a bow, and dance a Cheshire round with e'er a man in Yorkshire. 1892 J. A. Symonds (1893) I. vii. 34 Ballats for women to chant as they danced their rounds on the piazza. 1906 P. MacKaye i. 1 He watches the boys and girls dancing a country round. 1968 V. Watkins 47 Spirits who never tire, Dance, dance your round. 2006 M. Mirley 197 When the other women stood to dance a round, they had encouraged her to join in. society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > dance music > [noun] > folk or country dance > round dance 1600 N. Breton 15 A Fidler..Who..can but play a Round, or Hey-de-gey, And that perhaps he onely hath by roate. 1867 N. Macleod tr. in 345 The piper played a round on the green before the door, as the men gathered. 1900 H. Butterworth xx. 129 ‘I do not feel like playing rounds and glees and minuets now,’ said Mr. Jefferson. society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > [noun] a1500 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell (1845) I. 308 He most have a goode eye bothe fer and nere, And an in stop..Two roundys an an halfe with a goode chere. a1500 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell (1845) I. 309 (MED) With a rownde and a rake abyde at a bay. a1627 J. Beaumont (1629) 21 Erects his weapon with a nimble round, And sends the Peasants arme to kisse the ground. society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > part-song > round society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > type of piece > piece in specific form > [noun] > canon > types of a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil (1959) vii. ix. 85 The matronys at ȝellit And roundis sang so in thar wilde dotage. 1530 J. Palsgrave 264/1 Rounde a songe, rondeau, uirelay. 1586 W. Webbe sig. F.iiii The sixt kinde, is called a round, beeing mutuallie sung betweene two: one singeth one verse, the other the next, eche rymeth with himselfe. 1603 S. Harsnett x. 49 He had beene..the Master setter of Catches, or roundes, vsed to be sung by Tinkers, as they sit by the fire with a pot of good Ale betweene theyr legges. 1652 R. Brome iv. i. sig. K3v A Round, a Round, a Round, Boyes, a Round. Let Mirth fly aloft, and Sorrow be drown'd. 1683 W. Soames tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux ii. 23 Each Poem his Perfection has apart; The Brittish Round in plainness shows his Art. 1776 J. Hawkins II. ix. 361 Fugues in the unison were also called rounds, from the circular progression of the melody. 1789 C. Burney III. 348 (note) A Round is..no more than a song of as many strains, or sections, as parts. 1820 26 Aug. 558/1 They sing a round, and the curtain drops. 1833 W. Crotch (ed. 2) vii. 76 A Round is a vocal composition in three or more parts, all written in the same clef, the performers of which are to sing each part in succession. 1883 G. Grove III. 180/1 It..is written for six voices, four of which sing the round proper or ‘rota’ (as it is termed in the Latin directions for singing it). 1893 H. E. Wooldridge I. ii. 66 Part-Singing, and especially the singing Rounds, or Roundelays, and Catches, was general throughout England during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 1942 L. Abbott in E. Siegmeister (1943) 106 Anyone who has ever joined in the sportive pastime of singing rounds, such as ‘Three Blind Mice’, or ‘Frère Jacques’..has already experienced the pleasures of canon form. 1975 E. W. Herbert & C.-A. Lopez 205 Catches were jocose, sometimes bawdy rounds sung by unaccompanied voices. 2005 D. Fry in T. Grant & G. Littlejohn 232/2 Lead younger children in singing a round of ‘Down by the Bay’. 20. the world > action or operation > continuing > [noun] > a continuous succession of events, actions, etc. 1650 H. Vaughan 71 In all this Round of life and death. 1667 J. Milton vi. 6 A Cave,..Where light and darkness in perpetual round Lodge and dislodge by turns. View more context for this quotation 1726 Bp. J. Butler xiv. 289 Care and Sorrow, and the Repetition of vain Delights which fill up the Round of Life. 1752 S. Johnson No. 191. ⁋11 This is the round of my day; and when shall I..so change it as to want a book? 1813 F. J. Jackson Let. 25 July in Lady Jackson (1873) II. 191 The noisy round of the so-called pleasures of a London season. 1841 B. Hall II. 209 The same causes bring a perpetual round of company to Malta. 1883 E. Pennell-Elmhirst 337 The Quorn had a round of sport from noon till dark. 1935 G. Santayana iv. i. 457 Even the holidays..had been devoted to the same round of systematic reading, unremitting physical exercise, and social attitudes. 1948 18 July 2/1 (advt.) The weary round of shopping added to the usual household routine is an ordeal for any woman. 2000 A. Hastings in A. Hastings et al. 556/2 In the total geography of Christian living the monastery, the home par excellence of a daily round of prayer, is critically important. 2009 (Nexis) 6 Oct. Her daily round of housework, shopping, cooking, washing, ironing and running around after me. the world > time > period > cycle of time > [noun] 1652 W. Charleton vi. 220 The life of man, being included within a certain Circle, or round of days and moneths..cannot possibly be extended to a longer duration then what our Creator hath prefixt to all mankind. 1692 T. Fletcher 55 An endless Round of Years, Where Suns in vain their annual Courses run. 1710 R. Steele No. 181. ⁋1 We make it [sc. the clock] strike the Round of all its Hours. 1710 W. Congreve To Cynthia in III. 987 Thro' each returning Year, may that Hour be Distinguish'd in the Rounds of all Eternity. 1798 S. Rogers 12 The gay months of Carnival resume Their annual round of glitter and perfume. 1818 J. Keats i. 49 What a calm round of hours shall make my days. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Love & Duty in (new ed.) II. 83 Shall Error in the round of time Still father Truth? 1884 10 May 28/2 The time passed in a slow, monotonous round of days and nights, of which she took but little heed. 1915 5 31 January comes trailing along after December, as it in fact always does in the natural round of years. 1966 23 406/2 The peasant plans for the round of time. 2002 J. Lent (2003) 186 With the cold weather settling he began to believe the winter might bring quiet to the round of days. 1882 No. 2. 52 During each round the entity has to live several lives in several races... Almost the whole of mankind has got through the 3rd round. 1909 1 Aug. 4/4 Theosophically speaking,..we are at present in the fifth sub-race of the fifth root race, and are on the upward cycle of the fourth round. 1920 XXVI. 521/2 This carries a man to the level necessary to pass successfully through what in theosophical books is usually called the critical period of the fifth round. 2006 M. P. Mau II. i. 20 The monad starts in Round I, then ‘descends’ gradually down through Rounds II, III, and IV, before ‘ascending’ the Cycle through Rounds V to VII. society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > music on specific instrument > [noun] > on bells a1661 T. Fuller (1662) Lincs. 152 This Shire carryes away the Bell for round-ringing, from all in England, though other places may surpasse it for Changes. 1668 54 Whole-pulls, is to Ring two Rounds in one change, that is, Fore-stroke and Back-stroke, and in a change. 1752 C. Smart 8 The abby bells in wak'ning rounds The warning peal have giv'n. 1826 C. Lamb in 16 29 Ringing a round of the most ingenious conceits. 1872 H. T. Ellacombe Bells of Church in iii. 35 The ringing ‘rounds’, and ‘call changes’ was a good deal cultivated. 1897 F. T. Jane xiii A man well practised in all that pertained to bells, whether rounds, changes, eights, twelves. 1912 H. B. Walters iii. 89 That church contained a ring of six bells, and the neighbouring gentry used to amuse themselves by chiming them in rounds. 1956 97 414/2 He steers his team by occasional and mysterious calls..which prevent the bells resolving themselves back into rounds. 2004 (Nexis) 30 Aug. 24 We practise ringing in rounds before trying more complicated sequences. V. A circular route; a circuit, a tour, and related senses. Frequently in combination with a basic verb of action, as go, make, take, etc. (cf. Phrases 5). 22. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > movement in circle the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > movement in circle > circular course 1539 T. Wyatt in (1977) 58 407 Where there [sc. the planets'] bodis ben layd, in by ways and lesser rowndes. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta v. xxviii. 415 The children with the old men made a certaine shew, with rounds and turnings. 1647 A. Cowley Love & Life in iv [The sun] does three hundred Rounds enclose Within one yearly Circles space. 1706 I. Watts i. 110 Where Skies revolve their little Rounds. 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer III. xiv. 339 In giddy rounds the whirling ship is tost. 1821 W. Scott I. i. 14 His kill-joy visage will never again stop the bottle in its round. a1822 P. B. Shelley Witch of Atlas lvi, in (1824) 47 Those streams of upper air, Which whirl the earth in its diurnal round. 1846 J. Keble 178 The rounds of restless love, When high and low she searches. 1850 F. W. Robertson (1853) 3rd Ser. ix. 115 In a constant round from the capital to the watering place, and from the watering place to the capital. 1877 R. J. More xv. 216 At the end of the third round they all marched out of the house. 1912 M. E. Martin vii. 62 An inferior planet passes through phases, like the moon, changing gradually during its rounds from full to crescent, and back again. 1999 A. Maurer ix. 441 A clock is made so that it will complete its circle when the sun has finished its daily round. society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [noun] > roundabout or indirect 1600 W. Shakespeare iii. i. 101 Ile leade you about a Round..through bush, through brake, through bryer. View more context for this quotation 1719 D. Defoe 313 I bad them..then keeping out of Sight, take a round, always answering when the other hollow'd. 1722 D. Defoe 16 [He] fetch'd a Round farther into Buckinghamshire..to a Retreat he had found out there. 1773 O. Goldsmith v. 93 You took them in a round, while they supposed themselves going forward. 1841 G. P. R. James xxxviii You have given yourself a long round, and forced me to take a long round in order to meet you. 1866 B. Taylor iv. 33 We took the hedge together, while you were making a round of I don't know how many miles on the road. 1907 Dec. 543 It is only eighty miles from here..but we had to take a long round to get to it by train. 1999 K. H. Mott iv. 40 We took quite a round—to the site of the old hurricane. 1750 J. B. Let. 14 Feb. in J. Swift (1762) XIII. 235 It is a circular plantation, consisting of five walks; the central of which is a horse-course, and three rounds make exactly a mile. 1838 Apr. 242/2 On commencing the second round, the pace was much improved, all the riders seeming to be on better terms with their horses. 1880 Oct. 460/1 There was a good deal of excitement as they neared the starting-post on the second round. 1910 7 Apr. 689/1 Twenty-two rounds will be made, the total mileage being 278.08. 1932 R. Streat 18 Mar. (1987) I. 135 On the second round the horses still in the race disappear on their way to the ‘finish’. 2009 (Nexis) 6 May He grabbed the lead on the third round and held the top spot until the checkered flag waved for his second career modified feature win. 23. Military. society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > [noun] > circuit of watch or sentry society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > go on foot [verb (intransitive)] > round > in the course of duty 1580 A. Saker i. 136 There must thou watch at thy Warde, and stand thy sentinell: bee one in the still watch, or walke thy Round. 1598 R. Barret vi. 244 The first [soldier] in the time of winter maketh his Rounds & counter Roundes for sixe houres. 1646 H. Peake 92 He that hath the charge of the Guard in the night time is to walke the round at times. 1677 S. Pepys 137 The Watch which made the Round in the City, were not exempt from the Assaults of these People. 1755 G. Washington Orders 23 Oct. in B. Franklin (1983) II. 135 The Captain of the Day is to go the Rounds every night, and visit the Guard and Centries. 1791 J. Boswell anno 1778 II. 272 He accompanied the Major of the regiment in going what are styled, the Rounds, where he might observe the forms of visiting the guards. 1813 W. Scott iii. x. 141 As when a guard Of some proud castle, holding ward, Pace forth their nightly round. 1829 G. de Stefani Let. in G. Jones I. xxx. 206 He sometimes goes the rounds in his night watch, and catches the midshipmen asleep. 1855 R. Browning iv You may challenge them, not a response Get the church-saints on their rounds! 1868 §859 Commanders of Guards are to go their rounds twice by day and twice by night. 1916 Oct. 452/1 This guard went the rounds at the expiration of every two hours during the night. 1987 P. Batty & P. Parish i. 20 An important feature of Southern life was the slave patrol, usually a mounted detachment of three or four white men who went the rounds each night to check on slave movements. society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty > patrol 1581 W. Blandy f. 18v Corporall, gentleman in a company or of the Rounde, Launce passado. 1598 R. Barret iv. 107 The Round finding the Sentinell vigilant, neede not alwayes approch neare him. 1627 R. Bernard (ed. 4) ii. 175 Diuers times meeting the Gentlemen of the round,..hee would stop their passages and turne them backe againe. 1652 J. Wadsworth tr. P. de Sandoval 151 After which they kept their Rounds and Guards in the Citie, and sent Hors to the relief of Segovia. 1711 E. Ward 193 Don Vincent fearing to be taken up by the Rounds,..left that Street with all possible speed. 1802 C. James (at cited word) As soon as the sentry..perceives the round coming, he shall give notice to the guard. 1878 R. L. Stevenson 84 It was just the place to hear the round going by at night in the darkness, with the solid tramp of men marching. 1957 G. F. Scheer & H. F. Rankin xxxiii. 406 Guards and sentinels in the right wing hailed the visiting rounds. society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > administration and ceremonial > [noun] > inspection the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular object > of commerce 1862 xiii. 129 (margin) At evening rounds. 1894 W. W. Hewett 112 For Captain's rounds on Sunday, the same will attend as for Captain's rounds on Thursday. 1916 ‘Taffrail’ 13 Except on Sundays, when the latter is specially tidied up for the ‘rounds’, it will not bear close investigation. 2005 (Nexis) 30 Aug. 44 His captain's rounds were often a torment—a failed neon tube in the stokers' messdeck would call down wrath from heaven. 24. In singular or plural. Frequently with possessive adjective, as to go (also walk, march, etc.) one's round (also rounds). society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > [noun] > habitual 1603 T. Powell sig. Dv The watchman, whom the businesse of the night had tooke vp, seemed to walke his round in some vnfrequented place, so full of sollitude was that night. 1607 J. Davies sig. C4 Ere once the Sunne his Round perambulate. 1688 S. Penton 48 I could willingly have heard him [sc. a Proctor in Oxford] longer but that he was to go his Rounds. 1709 R. Steele No. 2. ⁋2 The watchful Bellman march'd his Round. 1741 S. Richardson IV. xiii. 74 In the Account she gave us of her benevolent Round, as Lady Davers calls it. 1815 W. Scott I. xviii. 288 The regularity with which the keeper makes his rounds with a loaded fowling-piece. 1878 J. Miller 36 If a dead man should be found By these same fishers in their round. 1894 23 356/1 I proposed to accompany the rubber-gatherer on his rounds. 1978 C. Raine 79 The rent man on his round. 2009 A. Storozynski i. 10 He asked the night watchman to tug on it to wake him at 3:00 a.m. during his rounds to stoke the furnaces. b. spec.1744 (single sheet) As I ply'd my weekly Round, By your Benevolence I found, My Purse, before the Close of Day, Grow heavy, and my Fancy gay. 1861 C. Dickens II. xiii. 214 A potman was going his rounds with beer. 1894 28 Apr. 414/1 Joseph, the postman, started on his rounds. 1905 Dec. 700/1 A rural postman,..while returning from his rounds, tripped upon a root of furze, and falling into a deep ditch was drowned. a1953 D. Thomas (1962) 43 Ocky Milkman on his round. 1976 R. Sabbag ii. 25 Every day, rain or shine, he made his rounds. 2009 (Nexis) 3 Dec. 2 The 52-year-old..also has separate rounds delivering fruit and veg, meat, hay and manure after he has finished his round. the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > practice of healing art > [noun] > ward round 1883 viii. 172 Doctor's rounds.—By this time in an orderly ward it is nearly nine o'clock. 1915 J. Lee x. 52 It had become a happy part of the day's routine, as regular as the doctor's visit—or the night nurse's rounds. 1944 Nov. 84/1 The significance and importance of the ward round lie in the fact that it constitutes at one and the same time a consultation for the benefit of the patient and an educational experience for the benefit of all those participating in it. 1954 A. Huxley 9 May (1969) 706 He [sc. a physician] takes foreign pupils—mostly doctors..—young men who live near by and go the rounds with him and learn by listening, answering questions and doing. 1974 G. B. Mair v. 58 When added to routine clerking, ward rounds, night rounds, dealing with emergencies,..no day had enough hours. 2008 S. Jauhar 246 After rounds, we went back to the conference room to finalize patient assignments and delegate tasks. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > movement in circle > movement round something 1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iv. v, in I. 579 Hee walkes the round vp and downe, through euery roome o' the house. View more context for this quotation 1655 tr. C. Sorel iv. 11 The Principal was by that time in the Court and walked the round with a great Lanthorn before him. 1712 J. Arbuthnot x. 19 You have danc'd the Round of all the Courts. 1843 G. W. Le Fevre II. ii. ii. 189 In a short time we made the round of the Society. 1861 T. L. Peacock xxxi. 269 Lord Curryfin..—in his official capacity—taking the round of the rooms. 1883 J. Gilmour xviii. 211 You will find him..going the rounds of the sacred place, prostrating himself at every shrine. 1921 T. D. Murphy (rev. ed.) iii. 59 After the visitor has made a round of the museum..he may wish to drive out West Wilshire Boulevard and inspect the asphalt pits. 1979 M. Kunene xi. 238 Mbopha of Sithayi moved in and out of the royal enclosure, Making the final round of the arena. 2001 P. Scanlan xvi. 91 Agitated and unhappy, she walked the round of the summit and came back to the car along the road. 26. society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > tour 1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher ii. 21 Come Ladies, shal we talke a round, as men do walke a mile, women should talke an houre after supper. 1698 J. Fryer 100 Thence we took a Round..to the English Tombs. 1698 J. Fryer 137 Liberty to take a Round about the Castle. 1709 R. Steele No. 13. ⁋1 I went into Lincoln-Inn-Walks; and having taken a Round or Two, I sate down. 1765 S. Foote i. 5 Mercy upon me, what a round have I taken!..don't you see I'm tired to death? a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. J. W. von Goethe Scenes from Faust in (1824) 413 Yet I will take a round with you, and hope..To beat the poet and the devil together. 1906 Mrs. C. Dauncey xxiv. 197 What a pity we are not on our own balcony, as they have made a round, and are coming past the house. 1977 B. C. Varma iii. 41 Start driving the car right now. There's no work to do. Let us take a round of the city. 2008 F. Noronha v. 49 After the edition was over, my NT colleague Anthony and I decided to take a round. 1688 Bp. G. Burnet 119 The Judge refusing to medle in it, the Sbiri..carried him to another, and so made the round of all the Judges in Naples. 1743 Erskine tr. A. F. Prévost d'Exiles II. 43 I was just going out to make a Round among our Friends, who had the best Interest at Court, and could do us the most Service. 1840 J. Reid xiv. 142 During the carnival I made the round of these houses almost every night, and always found the gambling room filled to suffocation. 1868 Nov. 198 A party of revellers, who have been ‘doing the rounds’, or sitting up at a gambling-house. 1914 R. Grau vii. 157 Making the rounds of the agencies every day for a whole summer soon taught him little tricks. 2005 T. Hall x. 213 But Barnes was still out of the question, so we started doing the rounds of estate agents in other areas. society > leisure > social event > visit > [noun] > series of 1748 S. Richardson III. xiv. 96 Then out came..a proposal of speedy solemnization: Which, he said, would..make my first three or four months..a round of visits and visitings to and from all his relations. 1772 F. Burney (1988) I. 215 We went yesterday to make a round of visits. 1843 C. Dickens (1844) xxvii. 331 I have a round of visits to make. 1866 G. MacDonald xi I..made another round of visits. 1892 W. P. Trent vi. 211 His round of lectures, at the various villages of South Carolina was over, and he had cleared some money and increased his reputation. 1928 C. S. Whitehead & C. A. Hoff (new ed.) i. iii. 88 It will be a foolish and costly experiment, above all at this critical period, to drag a lady about the country on a protracted round of visiting. 1972 29 May 8/1 The Prince's life was one of a perpetual round of visits to every part of Britain. 2006 Apr.–May 22/2 His autobiography..next month comes out in paperback with a gruelling round of personal appearances and signings planned. the world > food and drink > farming > [noun] > type or spell of work or payment 1795 F. M. Eden II. 29 Most labourers are, (as it is termed,) on the Rounds; that is, they go to work from one house to another round the parish. 1813 T. Batchelor 608 (E.D.D.) The increase of population has caused a deficiency of employment, which is so remarkable in some seasons, that a great proportion of the labourers ‘go the rounds’. 1854 A. E. Baker II. 183 Rounds-Men, labouring poor, who are taken into employment by the farmers in rotation; when they are said to be ‘on the rounds’. 1893 M. H. A. Stapleton 167 Efforts were made to keep the men off the rates by the system of going the ‘Rounds’, that is to say, a man out of work was kept in turn by the farmers and passed on from one to another. 1934 E. H. Hampson 163 The Industrial School and the workhouse, and from 1795 onwards the gravel pit and the ‘rounds’, took the place of apprenticeship for many children. 2004 K. Morgan vi. 63 In some parishes the ‘roundsman’ system was used, whereby unemployed workers were sent on the rounds in search of work. society > communication > journalism > [noun] > routine coverage of news in specific field 1912 7 May 8/6 As a ‘roundsman’ on the ‘West Australian’ I spent many hours with these two captors of criminals. 1934 1 Oct. 11/1 He..left there to do Trades and Labour rounds, Police rounds and special writing for The Evening News. 1946 H. Baxter (ed. 2) 147 A Shire Council meeting, writing paragraphs, following enquiries on rounds, with hospital, morgue, fire brigade, police stations [etc.]. 1961 C. McKay 25 At night, about half past seven, I started on police rounds. 1989 (Nexis) 18 Mar. (Business section) 39 His choice was a former journalist who had covered the science round. 1996 S. A. White (ed. 2) ii. 30 Rounds reporters are expected to know what is going on in their area and to find many of their own stories. 2003 (Nexis) 25 Aug. 2 I also covered the courts, the police round, the occasional murder. 2010 (Nexis) 6 Feb. 17 By the time he left the Star in 1986, he had..worked as an education reporter, held the health round, [etc.]. VI. A single amount or quantity of something. 29. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun] > round of drinks 1670 J. Dryden & W. Davenant ii. 18 This is prize-Brandy... Let's have two rounds more. 1716 J. Addison No. 8. ⁋2 The Tories..can scarce find beauties enough of their own side, to supply a single round of October. 1760 C. Johnstone I. i. xi. 79 A round or two of loyal toasts. 1799 Prince of Wales in (1896) I. 150 Every Round was a Bumper to you in the very best Claret I had. 1821 W. Scott I. iv. 70 A round of cinnamon-water serving only like oil to the flame. 1883 R. L. Stevenson iv. xxi. 167 Serve out a round of brandy to all hands. 1928 C. Mackenzie x. 176 Two rounds of stingers brought the evening to a close. 1960 M. Spark vii. 150 Dixie, at first under the impression that Humphrey was buying the round, asked for a ginger ale. 1970 G. F. Newman viii. 255 Just a slag avoiding his round. 1992 J. Torrington xvii. 148 I took the hint and got a round in. the world > food and drink > food > amounts of food > [noun] > portion of food > portion served 1839 F. M. Trollope Widow Married xvi, in Oct. 213 The persevering waiter had completed the last round of cake and bread-and-butter which he considered necessary. 1896 14 May 1/3 The Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church last night entered upon a new era by supplementing prayer-meeting with a round of cake and iced lemonade. 1915 Nov. 512/2 A blast was set going in the brick oven to bake a round of pies. 1978 7 Sept. (Virginia Weekly section) 13/3 We ordered a round of friend wontons, at $1.25, to keep everyone happy. 2007 D. Rigby & C. Kramer xliii. 231 Burgers, fries and pop were inhaled and followed by more burgers, chili, and then topped off by not one, but two rounds of chocolate sundaes. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > bread with spread or filling > [noun] > sandwich 1901 H. W. Lucy vi. 130 Mr. Rhodes with his mouth full of ham-sandwich..was in laager with rounds of sandwiches, over whose heights rose..a tumbler of stout. 1945 N. Collins v. 60 One of the waiters..had brought her the best part of a round of chicken sandwiches and a cup of soup. 1974 L. Deighton xvi. 162 ‘Have you come for your sandwiches?’.. ‘Last night's pork, and one round of cheese.’ 2010 (Nexis) 1 May 14 Six tonnes of potatoes, 40 tonnes of haddock, 3,000 crabs and 20,000 rounds of sandwiches. 30. Frequently in plural. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > charge 1680 in 7/1 Powder answerable to the number of the Rounds of great Guns and small Arms. a1711 T. Ken Edmund xii, in (1721) II. 325 More Bodies than their Arrows e're possest; Three Rounds or four were all that now remain'd, Which might prove fatal, if entirely drain'd. 1747 July 345/2 Wolfe's regiment carried into the field 24 rounds a man... Afterwards they had a supply of 8 rounds a man more. 1815 Duke of Wellington (1838) 6 May XII. 355 I have thought it expedient to lodge in the fortress..1,000,000 rounds of musket ammunition. 1868 §630 For every trained soldier in the infantry 90 rounds of ball Cartridges, and 300 rounds per Battery for Artillery. 1879 (new ed.) I. 66/1 The reduction in the weight of the arm with sixty rounds of ammunition was three pounds. 1902 G. S. Whitmore vi. 86 The Ngatiporo..still would not move without taking forty rounds of ammunition per man. 1945 D. Bolster 8 Have five rounds per gun on deck besides the stuff in the R.U. lockers. 2001 22 Oct. 50 Armed to the teeth with Hellfire rockets, Stinger missiles and 1,200 rounds of 30-mm ammo. society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > a shot 1690 (single sheet) At Night the Men of War came into the Harbour with the Tide of Flood, and after casting Anchor, they fired a round for this joyful Success. 1714 20 Sept. 2/1 Three Valleys [sic] of small Arms, Three Rounds of the Great Artillery of our Fort. 1725 No. 6378/4 The great Guns..fired several Rounds. 1792 E. Hargrove 76 Three rounds shall be shot by all the Company, with what manner of shaft..every one pleaseth. 1794 Ld. Nelson Let. 30 July in (1844) I. 462 The Garrison fired one general round, when they nearly all left their guns. 1821 W. Scott III. v. 74 A round of artillery..was discharged from the battlements. 1846 W. Greener (new ed.) 58 The number of rounds that each gun fired averaged 1,249. 1878 Mar. 446 Of the men sent to Malta..a considerable proportion..had never even fired a round of ball cartridge. 1919 A. Hornblow II. xvi. 40 Accordingly, the sheriff directed the military to fire a round over the heads of the people, which was done, but without effect. 1955 Hsu Meng-Hsiung tr. Chou Li-po 58 With a bound he took cover behind a tree and fired a round at the corner of the hut. 2001 Sept. (Suppl.) 2/2 Typically, 12 to 20 rounds were needed to destroy a caique or schooner. society > occupation and work > work > amounts of work > [noun] > amount done by set of workers 1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 14 in T. Nourse (ed. 3) Those Sticks immediately show him how many Rounds the Barrow Men have put. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > applause > [noun] > an act or burst of 1794 C. Mathews Let. 28 Dec. in A. Mathews (1838) I. i. vi. 129 He came forward at the end of the play,..and he had six successive rounds of applause. 1815 W. Scott II. 268 The gravity with which he accommodated himself to the humour of the moment..procured him three rounds of applause. 1867 C. Dickens 29 Mar. (1999) XI. 343 The roars of welcome and the rounds of cheers. 1884 21 Oct. 8/1 Mr. Chamberlain, on rising to reply, was received with several rounds of hearty cheers. 1937 J. P. Marquand xxviii. 322 When Apley arose to speak there against Bossism, much to the concern of many of his friends, he was greeted with a round of cheers which lasted for five minutes. 1963 S. E. Toulmin 22 With a fine show of grunts and grimaces, he pulled them out in turn. There was a round of applause. 2005 5 Nov. (Guide Suppl.) 15/1 In the audience, a stunned silence, a big round of applause, and plenty of boos. society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun] > goods for bartering > with undeveloped peoples c1810 in G. E. Brooks (1970) 321 This is not in addition to the following Kegs of powder in the rounds, but from Cavally to St Andrews it is not a regular round trade. 1965 L. Sundström iii. 81 Such a set of articles was known as a ‘round’ or ‘bundle’. 1980 A. Massing iv. 78 On the Kru Coast trade was governed by the ‘round’, a fictitious unit which referred to an assortment of goods. VII. A period or bout of play at a game or sport, and related senses. 34. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] 1712 G. Granville 121 Women to Cards may be compar'd; We play A Round or two, when us'd, we throw away. 1773 A. M. Toplady Let. 19 Nov. in (1800) 30 June 504 A rubber of sixpenny whist, a pool of penny quadrille, or a few rounds of twopenny Pope Joan. 1789 E. Sheridan Let. in (1986) vii. 159 I can not help wondering at his Wife prefering a round of cards and dissipation to the society of such a Man. 1843 3 88 An early round at quadrille..was all that prying curiosity could lay to her charge on the score of frivolity. 1889 M. S. Van de Velde vi. 221 [He] sits down to the real enjoyment of his day, a round of whist. 1940 A. Walton xii. 155 He may..play a round of pool or rummy before he has to show up at the plant. 1991 A. Chaudhuri (1992) 178 When he would go down to call the sweeper later, he would smoke a beedi and play a round of cards. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > [noun] > types of game or match 1744 Apr. 197/1 The act appoints, That..if two or more shall have won an equal number, that they play a round by themselves in order to determine the match. 1775 in C. B. Clapcott (1935) 24 No member of this Society pay the Cadies more than one penny per round. 1834 P. Buchan 63 To gang wi' you to the links ilka morning at five o'clock to a round o' the golf. 1836 17 Sept. He had occasionally..gone to Blackheath to take a round at golf. 1866 65 Each round consisted of 7 holes, and four rounds were fixed on for the decision of the Tournament. 1880 24 May 4/5 [He] played a remarkable round of golf on the Monifieth Links. 1897 25 May 10/1 His second round of 76..was a remarkably fine finish to a day's very good golf. 1928 A. Huxley xxiii. 414 The others had gone to play a round of golf. 1964 D. Langdon iii. 27 Palmer..rushed back to the pro's shop after a disastrous round of 76, slammed his driver into the vice and filed away the club face. 1992 M. J. Cormack vi. 57 They teed off together for a deciding round of four holes (the 1st, 2nd, 17th and 18th). 1996 4 Feb. (Sport section) 12/1 The best golf..was that played by Woosnam who had eight birdies in a round of 65 to equal the course record. 2006 S. Lyle (2007) ii. 23 After five holes of the second round, I was going along smoothly on level par. society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > game or definite spell of play 1877 Jan. 48 His black eye and bloody nose from a round of fisticuffs with the other boy across the street. 1886 C. Hazard i. 16 This friendship, which dated from a round of fisticuffs and bloody noses on both sides. 1917 Oct. 661 Sirius played a round of quoits—and said good night. 1962 E. Albee (1965) ii. 85 We'll play a round of Get the Guests. How about that? How about a little game of Get the Guests? 1994 Sept. 4/1 Planning a visit to a sister club in the Philippines, and playing a round of mah jong, were far from regular, bland tourist staples. 2009 M. Herczog xi. 277 Enjoy some shepherd's pie, wash it down with a sample of the nice selection of beers on tap, play a round of pool or darts. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > game or match > one turn of play by all players 1742 E. Hoyle 22 You must play three Rounds of Trumps, otherwise you may have your strong Suit trumped. 1791 A. Thomson viii. 122 While he pursues your but-commencing plan, And takes at ev'ry round two trumps for one. 1850 H. G. Bohn et al. 135 At the fourth round of trumps, he revokes, and afterwards trumps your suit. 1885 R. A. Proctor i. 27 The first round may show it to be unadvisable to continue the suit. 1932 31 May 19/6 If Z ruffs the third round of Hearts and leads out his four winning trumps A is left with the last trump and two winning Hearts. 1966 13 Jan. 78/3 The unusual ploy of discarding a trump on the third round of clubs. 2000 (Nexis) 1 May 4 You will have to take two rounds before tackling diamonds. 36. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > [noun] > bout or contest > single bout in match 1787 20 Dec. The first round was a very severe one. Both fought very open. 1806 9 Oct. The fifty-first round finished the contest in favour of Ducket, after a hard contest of one hour. 1817 6 Sept. 214 Hall was the friendly opponent of Read upon the occasion, and he was thrown in the first round of wrestling. 1846 C. St. John 248 We heard the clash of horns as two rival stags met and fought a few rounds together. 1887 20 Dec. The eighth round was well nigh settling the contest, as Kilrain..landed a ‘stunner’ on the left side of the Englishman's jaw. 1930 20 Aug. 6/5 [He] put paid to the account of Al Anderson..after 2.56 in the second round of a bout billed to go eight rounds. 1989 Oct. 12/3 Then we change the rules so fighters have to throw eight kicks a round. 2002 11 Feb. 36/3 In the ninth round, just before the referee decided that the punishment had to stop, Hatton caught his opponent with his heaviest body-shot. the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > [noun] > a series or succession > a place in a series > number assigning 1937 ‘M. Innes’ ii. iii. 137 Gott sighed. ‘You certainly know the habits of your friends. Round Two to you.’ 1959 22 Oct. 681/2 He began round two by making a fresh application for habeas corpus. 1967 3 Aug. 147/3 By quoting, selectively, two rounds of a three-round controversy..[you] gave an inaccurate picture of the course of the argument. 1991 J. Cartwright 18 Landlord: I don't know what you're on about. Landlady (she closes till) Ting ting, round two. Yes you do, yes you do. 2000 R. Barger et al. xi. 205 Within a year the federales secretly geared up for round two. 1938 25 Nov. 19/2 After six rounds of questions the score was totalled resulting in victory for the Girl Reserves. 1943 28 Nov. (Parade of Youth section) 4/4 In the first round the contestants had musical answers played by the band. In the second there were straight book questions with no music. 1974 7 July d15/1 The bigger prizes are usually awarded in some form of ‘bonus’ round. 2006 M. Haig (2007) 185 He said Right. The first round is a general knowledge round. society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > game or definite spell of play > specific one of series 1837 7 Mar. A dog named Bugle..which was bent off by fly in the first round for the [Waterloo] cup. 1860 13 Apr. 3/2 In this round the most interesting struggle was that between Amos and Joseph Nairass. 1886 13 Dec. 4/6 Replayed match in the first round of the Durham Cup competition. 1902 XXVIII. 425/2 All the clubs entered are drawn by lot, in pairs, to play together in the first round; the winners of these ties are then similarly drawn in pairs for the next round. 1921 A. W. Myers 19 Barrett beat him ‘all ends up’ in an early round. 1951 30 Mar. 2/4 In the Amateur Cup they reached the second round, losing to Pegasus. 1977 24 Jan. 7/9 Tuxford Young Farmers A team defeated their B team in the third round of the county Inter-Club Quiz to reach the semi-finals. 1998 Apr. 112/1 The only shock of the fourth round of the FA Cup is that there are no shocks. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > archery > [noun] > contest > specific number of arrows to be shot 1856 1 Mar. 138/3 A friendly passage of arms between Messrs. Ford, Bramhall, and Moore, resulted in the following score—the double York round of 144 arrows at 100 yards, 96 at 80 yards, and 48 at 60 yards, being shot. 1875 II. 373/2 Two days' shooting, or the result of a ‘double round’. 1879 M. Thompson & W. H. Thompson 12 The ‘National Round’..consists of 48 arrows at 60 yards, and 24 arrows at 50 yards. 1924 25 Aug. 8/5 All the ladies shot the National Round. The gentlemen shot the Double York Round. 1960 (‘Know the Game’ Ser.) 4/1 Targets are set up at one end of the ground, and ‘rounds’ of a predetermined number of arrows are shot from one or more fixed distances. 2004 (Nexis) 14 Mar. c10 This day begins at 10 a.m. with either a 15-target outdoor 3-D match or an indoor Vegas round. the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > topic of or subject for conversation or gossip > discussion > discussion of terms > preliminary 1947 57 60 The main tasks of the leaders lie..in the preparation of material for the next round of discussions. 1964 252 They disagreed on what should be the approach of the Six in preparation for the forthcoming ‘Kennedy round’ of negotiations. 1969 23 Apr. 26 The first round of talks..started soon after the arrival of a Czechoslovak delegation. 1978 (U.S. Dept. State Library) 42/2 The talks, which opened in Geneva in October 1973, were called the ‘Tokyo Round’ because they were initiated by a declaration signed in Tokyo. 1983 24 Sept. 84/3 Markets were nervous ahead of the latest round of Sino-British talks on Hongkong's future. 2008 22 July 19/1 His stamina exceeds that of anyone else negotiating what should be the final stages of the Doha round of trade talks. Phrases P1. in round. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > round or around [phrase] the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > moving in circle or curve [phrase] > in circular course the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [phrase] > in a circle or ring a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1961) Lev. xix. 27 Ne ȝe sholen in rount [v.r. rownde; L. rotundum] dodde heer ne schaue berd. a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Ezek. xli. 7 A street was in round, and stiede vpward bi a vijs. 1541 in (1862) 3 161 Ane..walter tabill abone the thak on the est gauill of the queir pendit in half round to the said queir. 1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock 119 They..doe with maruellous furie force the enimie, & in this order skirmishing in a winding ring, in round,..do still maintaine themselues lusty and fresh. 1626 F. Bacon §9 This Motion worketh in round at first..and then worketh in Progress. 1626 F. Bacon §138 Sound diffuseth it selfe in round. 1527 in W. L. Nash (1851) 32 At this accompte hath bene dismissed John Beke and chosen in round Richard Body. P2. in the round. a. the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > [noun] > every aspect of something 1612 J. Davies Ep. Ded. sig. A3v Some Authors say, the Ground-worke of the same [sc. a pyramid] tooke vp an hundred Furlongs in the Round. 1662 J. Evelyn v. 125 Few of our Gravers work off from the Round, upon which alone the observation is practicable. 1811 J. Parkins 512 The art of drawing, both from the round and from life. 1873 C. D. E. Fortnum xv. 171 Many early pieces, modelled in high relief and in the round, are probably of this origin. 1900 A. S. Murray 113 In slab xxxviii. the cow's right horn must have been carved in the round, only the tip being attached to the background of the relief. 1958 W. Willetts I. v. 384 Modelling of figures in the round and as though in movement. 2002 Summer 9/1 A lamp base made from a cypress knee carved in the round. 1831 G. Henson v. 336 By the method of working the stockings in the round, they could be made striped straight down the leg. 1877 1 May 277/2 Will any of your correspondents kindly give me directions for a pretty d'oyley knitted in the round? 1979 (2002) 392 Crochet stitches... A chart..aids in visualizing an unfamiliar stitch. It is especially suited to working in the round. 2010 (Nexis) 13 Dec. [Fair Isle] jumpers are knitted in the round on at least three needles.., making the garment seamless. 1928 23 145 Most of Shakespeare's women are less real than romantic... They are highly individualised,..but are not presented fully, in the round, and have few connexions with the world as we know it. 1933 12 July 51/2 It is not an easy part, seeing that it is the only character in the whole cast to be drawn in the round. 1948 ‘M. Westmacott’ ix. 72 Up to now Lord St. Loo had been a name, an abstraction... Now he came into the round—a living entity. 1959 7 Aug. 164/3 The camera also gives an impression in the round of the man who seems one-dimensional in print. 1977 N. Shepherd vi. 40 Rain in the air has also the odd power of letting one see things in the round, as though stereoscopically. 2000 28 Jan. 7/2 The WTO meeting folded amid disagreement among the major powers..on what topics should be covered in the round. society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > [adverb] > type of staging 1944 Apr. 19 In this country, Glen Hughes out in Seattle has operated his Studio and Penthouse theatres, playing sophisticated comedies to small audiences ‘in the round’. 1958 22 Feb. 228/3 At the Mahatma Gandhi Hall, Fitzroy Square, Miss Margaret Rawlings is giving Phèdre in English In-the-Round. 1975 R. Potter ii. 30 An outdoor spectacle of mammoth proportions, for performance in the round. 1992 31 Jan. 29/1 He guided them through..his passions about acting and directing and the problems of playing in the round at the Stephen Joseph Theatre. c1567 G. Clarkson in (1858) II. p. clxi The said corner towre ys on thre parte round thinner parte square with out wall conteyninge in the rounde thereof xvij yeards. 1663 R. Manley tr. F. Caron in tr. F. Caron & J. Schouten 87 A hollow in the side of a Mountain, some ten foot in the round; this hole was, by reason of its depth, very obscure within. 1753 J. Hanway II. i. v. 18 A moss, which is about 60 inches in the round, can be most conveniently reeled off. 1789 Sept. 191/1 Their ground plan in the inclosure is two leagues in the round. 1825 R. Byfield 131 Hollow out 9 inches in the back and 12 in front..which will give the neck 36 inches in the round. 1883 52 183 The uprights are..6 feet in the round. 1935 B. 42 102 The type of net generally used had meshes one inch from knot to knot or four inches in the round. 1987 H. Wright ix. 155 It weighed 165 pounds, had no visible fault, and would mold 34 inches in the round. society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > undressed trunk or log > natural form of timber 1808 C. Vancouver x. 251 Beech about the same, and sycamore 1s. 3d. all in the round, and where the trees were fallen. 1875 E. H. Knight II. 1220/2 Juggle, a block of timber cut to a length, either in the round or split. 1907 R. S. Troup i. iii. 113 Timber in the round should be allowed to season slowly and regularly. 1947 A. L. Howard 134 In earlier times..British-grown laburnum was greatly prized for inlay, turnery and cabinet work... Cut in cross section in the round, it was known by the term ‘oyster work’. 2004 P. Whitefield xi. 302/2 Using timber in the round saves the energy and money cost of milling. the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > [noun] > convexity > a convex form 1876 IV. 43/1 The back springs back into its rounded form, and thus the face presents the appearance of having been cut in the round. 1628 J. Davenant 24 No circular and friuolous running in a round. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi 37 He ranne always in a round, going..very little wide from the same place. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis v, in tr. Virgil 350 Then in a round the mingl'd Bodies run. 1838 B. von Armin III. 110 Poor doe! how do I shudder at thy lot, and how nearly related may it be to mine. I too run in a round. 1884 42 283/2 He runs in a round, and makes himself, his works, and duties his Saviour. 1986 S. Bandyopadhyay tr. M. Devi Bāyen in 97 Then he mimes a wild drum dance, beating at the air with both his hands, as he runs in a round and screams: ‘Ha-ri-ri-ri-ri-ri.’ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor > drink one's fair share 1633 G. Herbert Church Porch in v Drink not the third glasse... It is most just to throw that on the ground, Which would throw me there, if I keep the round. society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publish or spread abroad [verb (intransitive)] > spread or be current 1669 W. Simpson 124 The rest..communicate it one to another, till it hath gone the round. 1756 T. Hale et al. xii. xxiii. 649 Thus we see how many write, and how few think: how Error goes the Round of different Nations. 1811 9 May A case of similar impressment at the eastward had been satisfactorily contradicted, after going the rounds of all the papers, in most of which, however, the contradiction will never, I presume, appear. 1833 H. Martineau v. 79 No light sayings of his upon the matter were going the round of his neighbourhood. 1837 22 Mar. 3/2 There is a story going the rounds in relation to the president-elect. 1840 W. M. Thackeray I. 66 The following anecdote, that is now going the round of the papers. 1861 T. Hughes I. ii. 18 This celebrated epistle..created quite a sensation..as it went the round after tea. 1862 O. W. Norton (1903) 55 Everything of the kind has to go the rounds, you know. 1927 Nov. 67/2 Conway's ‘That's the pay off!’ is swiftly making the rounds. 1931 A. Christie xvi. 123 In this little community of ours the smallest detail is known, and your arrival here yesterday has naturally gone the round. 1959 28 May 941/2 All those romantic stories..which have been going the rounds of the rive gauche ever since. 1977 13 Jan. 39/2 The rumor that the FBI started about her being a Soviet spy is still making the rounds at parties she no longer attends. 1989 27 Jan. 89/1 All sorts of wild rumours are doing the rounds. 2001 C. Petit (2002) 152 It was already going the rounds that Brendan had been hanging out in hardline bars. 2006 24 Nov. 14/1 According to recent rumours doing the rounds in medialand, the BBC are considering bringing back Nationwide to primetime television. 1848 ‘N. Buntline’ i. Gloss. 113 Taking a cruise about town, or going on a spree, is called taking a round. P7. 1836 15 Oct. [He] seemed very apprehensive that he should have the rounds of the kitchen when she got home. 1873 J. C. F. Johnson 4 He had been getting from Mrs M..what he termed ‘the rounds of the kitchen’, for being such a fool. 1939 J. Campbell 211 An does she gimme the rounds of the kitchen! Pitches into me like I dunno w'at. 1988 K. Amis 1 Aug. (2000) 1073 I confess to a glow of innocent satisfaction at seeing Wain's novel getting the rounds of the kitchen. 2004 R. Gietzelt vii. 134 Ducker and Co were able to give me the rounds of the kitchen for ‘misinforming’ the Federal Executive about these events. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher 582 Rounds of the Galley,..is figurative of a man incurring the expressed scorn of his shipmates. P8. the world > time > change > alternation > rotation > [adverb] 1933 10 Apr. 1/8 (heading) Round-by-round system of judging bouts will be inaugurated. 1955 T. H. Pear 246 Championship fight..with a leading article and a back-page ‘round-by-round’ report. 1961 25 May 15/4 It is a remarkable round-by-round study in the art of politics. 1997 A. N. Wise & B. S. Meyer III. 1718 P granted to NBC the exclusive radio broadcast rights for a ringside, round-by-round description of a particular fight. 2009 (Nexis) 23 Apr. A round-by-round look at how Scots Grey..secured their place in the final of the FA All-England Sunday Cup at Anfield. Compounds1829 25 293/1 We..had some cuts at one great piece of round beef, for luncheons. 1880 M. Parloa 20 Round steak is not, of course, as tender as tenderloin, sirloin or rump, but it has a far richer and higher flavor than any of the others. 1938 R. Chandler in Jan. 43/2 The kid's face had as much expression as a cut of round steak and was about the same color. 1972 ‘L. Egan’ (1973) x. 161 Athelstane was..condescending to eat the best round steak cut into bite-size pieces. 1993 Jan. 21/1 1/2 lb blade or round steak. C2. 1852 J. P. Metcalfe (title) Novello's school round-book. A collection of fifty rounds and catches. 1893 14 Oct. 306/1 According to his round book, a quart was to be delivered to each person. 1897 S. R. Crockett xxv. 249 Mary Grey was getting used to these irregular and uncovenanted halts, not entered in the round book. 1904 O. Prescott i. 20 The little round which is in every school round-book in the country, Turn again, Whittington. 1957 22 227/3 He collected the usual amounts from his customers..but failed to mark them ‘paid’ in his round book. 1999 M. R. MacDonald (title) The round book. Rounds kids love to sing. 2003 ‘Sting’ 45 Alan has come back to pick up a pair of overalls, the ‘round book’, and a money bag. society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [noun] a1661Round-ringing [see sense 21]. 1789 J. Robinson in J. Nichols 969 A common peal of round ringing, during which there is a continual undulation at the top of the spire. 1875 11 Dec. 621/2 A dumb peal, to commemorate death, ought always to be conducted in round-ringing order. 2007 (Nexis) 23 Oct. 10 The round ringing was won by Sam Munday, with Simon Teitze as runner-up. c1810 in G. E. Brooks (1970) 321 They will require sometimes a proportion of Powder in lieu of the small Kegs in the round trade, but do not give it if you can possibly avoid it. 1845 H. Bridge xiv. 114 In dealing with the natives, there was formerly a system much in vogue, but now going out of use, called the ‘round trade’. The method was, to offer one of each article; for instance, one gun, one cutlass, one flint, one brass kettle, one needle, and so on, from the commodity of greatest value down to the least. 1883 R. F. Burton & V. F. Cameron II. xiv. 72 The Bristolians preserve the old ‘round trade,’ and barter native produce against cloth and beads, rum and gin, salt, tobacco, and gunpowder. 1980 A. Massing iv. 78 Before discussing the logic of the ‘round trade’ system some remarks on the ‘bar trade’ system prevailing to the north of our area will be useful. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). roundn.2 Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: round v.2 Etymology: < round v.2 Compare round-aft n. and later roundup n. 1, round-down n. Chiefly Shipbuilding. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > rear part of vessel > [noun] > outward or downward curve at stern 1754 M. Murray ii. ii. 140 After it is properly trimmed the round may bе worked out. 1860 Sept. 377 Depth of taper and width of scams at foot to be partially regulated by amount of round in foot, which varies. 1876 IV. 44/1 The pressure of the roller against the back gives the required ‘round’, which can be varied by raising or lowering the pitch of the roller. 1918 E. L. Attwood & I. C. G. Cooper (ed. 3) iii. 40 Let AB be the amount of round of beam, and AC the half full breadth of the vessel. 1983 38 The more highly compacted spine resulting from this sewing process promotes a spine shape with a very moderate amount of round. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). roundadj. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French rund, rond. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman rund, runt (in inflected forms rund-), reund, round, runde, rounde, Anglo-Norman and Old French rount (in inflected forms round-), Anglo-Norman and Middle French rond, Old French, Middle French reont (in inflected forms reond-), roont (in inflected forms roond-), ront (in inflected forms rond-), Middle French reond (French rond ) circular (1119), having a curved shape (a1134), (of a person or animal) having a full and rounded body shape, somewhat fat, chubby (late 12th cent.), (of a sign) plain, clear (late 12th cent.), spherical (first third of the 13th cent.), (of limbs) plump and fleshy (c1277), (of a person or answer) frank, honest, sincere (a1389), (of a lifestyle) simple (end of the 14th cent.), (of a calculation or estimate) approximate (1532 in compte rond ), (of a voice) sonorous (1694) < post-classical Latin retundus , variant (attested only from 9th cent.; showing dissimilation of vowels) of classical Latin rotundus rotund adj. The French forms show first regular loss of the intervocalic -t-, and later assimilation and loss of an unstressed vowel in hiatus. Compare Old Occitan redon, Catalan rodó (1490; 1288 as †redon), Spanish redondo (1020), Portuguese redondo (11th cent.; 10th cent. as †redonho), Italian rotondo, †retondo, †ritondo (all late 13th cent.).The French word was also borrowed into other Germanic languages; compare West Frisian roun , †ruwn , Middle Dutch ront (in inflected forms rond- ; Dutch rond ), Middle Low German runt , ront (in inflected forms rund- , rond- ), Middle High German runt (in inflected forms rund- ; German rund ), Norwegian rund , Old Swedish, Swedish rund , Danish rund . In sense 8c after Italian tondo (1585 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1600), specific use of tondo round (see tondo n.). Several of the senses are not paralleled in French until later, e.g. ‘(of a number) expressed in convenient units rather than exactly’ (1684), ‘(of a sum of money) considerable’ (1793; compare bourse ronde ‘well-filled purse’, c1750), ‘(of wind) forceful’ (1870). The β. forms show loss of the final consonant. Earlier use as a surname in Britain probably reflects the Anglo-Norman rather than the Middle English word:1212 Curia Regis Rolls (1932) VI. 274 Galfridus Rund. I. Senses relating to circular, spherical, curved, or cylindrical shape. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [adjective] c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 235 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill (1956) 500 (MED) Þreo rounde cerclen heo wrot in þe paume amidde. 1340 (1866) 234 (MED) Þe tale of an hondred..is þe meste of þe þri uol-do, uor hi betokneþ ane rounde figure. Þet is þe uayreste amang alle þe oþre figures. a1425 J. Wyclif (1880) 357 (MED) Þe sacrid oost, whijt & round, þat men seen in þe preestis hondes. 1466 Inventory in (1887) 50 35 (MED) Item, ij Rowne hopis for the curtyns. a1500 (a1460) (1897–1973) 125 (MED) Abowte you a serkyll as rownde as a moyn, To I haue done that I wyll..And I shall say thertyll of good wordys a foyne. 1530 J. Palsgrave 264/1 Rounde buckeler, rodelle. 1576 A. Fleming tr. J. L. Vives in 402 Thus haue I runne about a round row of writers, and haue shewed wherein they are to be marked. 1600 W. Shakespeare ii. i. 90 Sitting in my dolphin chamber, at the round table by a sea cole fire. View more context for this quotation 1634 T. Herbert 97 The low-roome was round and spacious. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc 98 The Wizard makes a round hole in the ground. 1748 T. Gray Ode Death Favourite Cat ii, in R. Dodsley II. 267 The fair round face, the snowy beard, The velvet of her paws. 1774 O. Goldsmith IV. 55 The ears are like those of a rat, being short and round. 1802 C. James Bur [in Gunnery], a round iron ring, which serves to rivet the end of the bolt. 1841 E. W. Lane tr. I. 122 A round cloth, spread in the middle of the floor. 1881 R. Jefferies I. i. 4 A round wooden box..hollowed out from the sawn butt of an elm. 1904 G. Ystridde vi. 316 A soft-faced, baby-featured, short-haired girl, whose brown eyes shot strange, swift glances through round spectacles. 1974 B. Emecheta viii. 105 The young woman had a face as round as a perfect O. 1995 C. Bateman iii. 28 I went into the bathroom, used the toilet, opened the window and looked at myself in a small round mirror. the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > [adjective] > spherical or globular c1300 St. Michael (Laud) 407 in C. Horstmann (1887) 311 (MED) Ase an Appel þe eorþe is round. a1325 St. Michael (Corpus Cambr.) l. 649 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill (1956) 243 (MED) Eorþe is amidde þe grete se as a lite bal al round. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 293 In þe sune..Es a thing a[nd] thre thinges sere; A bodi rond, and hete and light. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 55 This wenche thikke and wel ygrowen was..With buttokes brode and brestes rounde and hye. ?a1425 (Egerton) (1889) 4 Þis ymage was wont to hald in his hand a rounde appel of gold. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in f. 47v (MED) Heuene ys round in þe maner of a round spere in þe myddis of whiche hangiþ þe erþe. 1508 (Chepman & Myllar) sig. cii*v Armyt in rede gold and rubeis sa round. 1565 T. Cooper at Globus The rounde earth appearyng aboue the sea. 1590 E. Spenser i. v. sig. E4v An huge round stone did reele Against an hill. 1631 D. Widdowes tr. W. A. Scribonius (new ed.) 18 Hayle is rayne, made hard in the fall, the higher the fall, the rounder and lesser. 1688 R. Holme ii. 114/2 Bolle of a Poppy is the round seed Pod. 1753 Suppl. at Leaf A sage leaf appears like a rug, or shag,..embellished with fine round crystal beads. 1770 H. Brooke V. xvii. 199 The motion whereby the round universe continues it's course. 1829 J. Fuller xiii. 415 Kubbah..is composed of rice, chopped meat, and other ingredients, formed into large round balls, and boiled. 1864 Ld. Tennyson 7 We knew the merry world was round, And we might sail for evermore. 1920 D. H. Lawrence (1922) ix. 128 A great round globe of iron, a disused boiler, huge and rusty and perfectly round, stood silently in a paddock by the road. 1968 B. Walker II. 149 On the first day after death a round ball of rice or flour..is offered to the preta. 2004 66 249/1 Yes, I know that the Earth is round. 3. the world > space > shape > curvature > [adjective] c1300 St. Michael (Laud) l. 722 in C. Horstmann (1887) 320 Al round it lith in þe wombe and i-bouwed ase an hare. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Hunterian) f. 42 (MED) Þe vtilite whi þat þe nayles be rounde is be cause þat þeie schulde wiþstonde þe better ennoies þat comen fro wiþ oute furþe. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in f. 16 (MED) The nailis..is sett in þe extremitees of þe fyngris contynuely wexynge in lenkþe, a litil bowynge and round. c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 48 With browes..Comyng in Compas, & in course rounde, ffull metly made & mesured betwene. 1592 A. Fraunce f. 45 Then with life-giuing Nectar, sweete blood she besprinkleth, And the besprinkled blood, with a round top swells, as a buble. 1662 J. Evelyn i. 5 Some round Cheezil or Lathe perhaps it was. a1671 F. Drope (1672) v. 78 A quill cut two third parts away, sloping downward as for a pen, and at the end, instead of a nibb or point, with a flat round edg. 1734 II. at Plane There are various Kinds, accommodated to the various Forms and Profiles of the Mouldings; as the round Plane, the hollow Plane, [etc.]. 1793 J. Leslie tr. Comte de Buffon IX. 88 A black domino covers the neck, and falls with a round edge on the top of the back. 1842 J. Gwilt i. iii. 173 Sometimes we find one [pointed arch]..inserted between several round ones. 1875 E. H. Knight Round chisel, an engraver's tool having a rounded belly. 1918 Jan. 63/1 The pen is held in the hand in a natural position..and the round nib placed squarely on the work. 1953 35 31 The popularity of the round arch is attested to by its frequent use for secular buildings. 2008 S. V. Reese xxii. 252 The edges were round instead of square, and it had layers of different colours of wood. the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > [adjective] > convex ?1523 J. Fitzherbert f. xviiiv This shall [cause] the lande to ly rounde..& than shall it nat drowne the corne. the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > of shoulders 1702 29 Jan. He is of a middle size, of about 27 or 28 years of age, round Shoulders, wearing his Hat almost over his eyes. 1709 No. 75. ⁋5 The Butler..was noted for round Shoulders, and a Roman Nose. 1785 W. Cowper iv. 634 His awkward gait,..round shoulders, and dejected looks. 1840 1 May 3/3 The only points about his appearance with which he was at all dissatisfied were his hair..his thick red stumpy hands, and his round shoulders. 1889 T. C. Crawford ii. iv. 87 He is of medium height, with sloping, round shoulders. 1912 17 Feb. Corsets give a man the erect carriage, stooping and round shoulders are obviated. 1997 C. Shields (1998) xiv. 276 That chest of his, yikes. Those round shoulders. Nothing to sing about... Men get the sags pretty early in life. 4. the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [adjective] > fat or plump c1300 St. Katherine (Laud) l. 199 in C. Horstmann (1887) 98 (MED) Þis Maide was bi-fore him y-brouȝt, swiþe fat and round. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 8570 (MED) Þikke mon he was ynou, round & noȝt wel long. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) iv. 1147 (MED) Lord, hou sche is softe, How sche is round. (Harl. 221) 438 Rownde, for fetnesse, obesus. a1540 (c1460) G. Hay tr. 7207 Scho was baith round and polist, in gude plyte. 1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius 8 Such a one..as is..smoothe, full, fatte, and round. 1598 W. Shakespeare ii. iv. 140 Why you horeson round-man, whats the matter? View more context for this quotation 1612 Mr. King tr. Benvenuto ii. ii. 504 You may well call him a Gallant, because hee is as round, plump, vaine and light, as a Gall. 1670 P. Ayres tr. A. J. de Salas Barbadillo iv. 230 He accepted it [sc. the Looking-Glass] with a smiling countenance, and looking in it, found himself fat, and almost round. 1748 J. Thomson i. lxix A little, round, fat, oily man of God. 1767 Bp. W. Warburton (1809) 405 I was accosted by a little, round, well-fed gentleman, with..a spying-glass dangling in a black ribbon at his button. 1828 G. Ticknor in G. S. Hillard (1876) I. xix. 381 She is a nice round lively little girl. 1856 R. W. Emerson iv. 70 They are round, ruddy, and handsome;..and there is a tendency to stout and powerful frames. 1884 17 Mar. 32/1 She was a slight, round woman, both lovely and loveable. 1956 M. Stewart ii. 26 He's little and round and quite, quite sorbo... Unsquashable. 1998 S. Fletcher (1999) vii. 61 Zaynab moved before me like a cat—a plump, round cat. c1380 (1879) 772 (MED) Olyuer..huld him vp, for he wax paal, bi-twene ys armes rounde. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vi. 777 (MED) He seth hire necke round and clene. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer (Hunterian) (1891) l. 549 Hir heer was as yelowe of hewe..Hir face..wel coloured With litel mouth and rounde to see. c1450 tr. (Royal) 39 (MED) The beste forme is in mene men that haue the eyen and the heere blak, the visage rounde. a1500 in R. H. Robbins (1952) 144 (MED) Hyr harmus byth rown & toth. 1542 D. Clapam tr. H. C. Agrippa sig. Biii v She hath a small necke, somwhat long and streighte vpryght frome her rounde shulders, with a delycate wesande. 1614 J. Sylvester iv. 372 Her ruddy round Cheeks seem'd to be composed Of Roses Lillied, or of Lillies Rosed. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. i. 25 And yet it irkes me the poore dapled fooles [sc. deer]..Should..Haue their round hanches goard. View more context for this quotation 1725 D. Defoe i. 148 Her Breasts were plump and round, not flaggy and hanging down. 1796 J. B. Burges 7 His soft round limbs had yet to learn their use. 1832 W. Irving I. 29 The play of a graceful form and round pliant limbs. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in 209 Take..These jewels, and make me happy, making them An armlet for the roundest arm on earth. 1904 W. Malone 24 His soft round limbs, fair as lily's buds. 2000 K. Atkinson 215 The usual—blue eyes, Titian hair, round limbs, high breasts. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > other 1402 Reply Friar Daw Topias in T. Wright (1861) II. 69 Why is thi gowne..widder than thi cote, and thi cloke al above as round as a belle? c1440 (?a1400) 3470 A renke in a rownde cloke with righte rowmme clothes. a1500 (a1400) (Lamb.) (1969) l. 125 (MED) She was clothed in tarse, Rownd and nothinge scarse. 1592 ‘C. Cony-Catcher’ sig. E4 The round hose bumbasted close to the breach..is now common to euery cullion in the country. 1596 T. Nashe sig. F4 If you aske why I haue put him in round hose, that vsually weares Venetians? 1611 R. Cotgrave Chausses à queue de merlus, round breeches with strait cannions. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot ii. 91 [The vest] is cut very round before, so that the right side of it reaches over the Stomack. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [adjective] > full of wind 1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 34 in If in a brisk Gale of a full wind the Sails are all full and round, the Ship sails best upon the Sea. 1834 May 399 The wind filled the sail, and made it round and full. 1881 28 Jan. Our old patched sails overhead were as round as the brig's bows. 1902 W. C. Russell in C. T. Brady 333 In a moment the sails were round and hard. 2003 D. Franzel iv. 55 In light air, we need the maximum power the sails can generate, so we want full, round sails. the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [adjective] c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 1172 (MED) Stakes of ire monion he piȝte in temese grounde, Aboue ssarpe & kene inou, bineþe grete & rounde. 1389 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt (1931) 49 (MED) Þer schul be founde v tapres rounde, the wighte of xx li. of wex. (Harl. 221) 438 Rownde, as a spere or a staffe, teres. c1480 (a1400) St. Paul 850 in W. M. Metcalfe (1896) I. 53 Þai..þe padok fand In a rownd tour still ȝelland. 1486 a vij This hawke has..a flat leg, or a rownde legge. 1530 J. Palsgrave 264/1 Rounde tothe. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach ii. f. 105 Such as are flawed, seruing for pillers of Churches, or other rounde woorkes. 1667 J. Milton vi. 484 Hallow Engins long and round Thick-rammd. View more context for this quotation 1680 J. Moxon I. xiii. 223 Turners work with a round String made of Gut. 1728 E. Chambers at File Those in common use are the Square,..Half-round, Round, Thin File, &c. all which are made of different Sizes. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre (1799) III. 16 That tower in the horizon..is blue, small and round. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin III. xiii. 303 The stem is round, slimy, and smooth. 1843 T. Carlyle i. v. 41 Rounder than one of your own sausages. 1884 F. J. Britten (new ed.) 36 A round broach is used for burnishing brass holes. 1928 18 92 Apparently the towers were round. 2006 W. C. Dietz (2007) xi. 247 Gray smoke dribbled from round chimneys. 6. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [adjective] > moving in circle ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Paris) (1971) 569 (MED) Lamfrank and Rogeryn..counseilen rownde cauteries..some men maken hem depe to þe bone. 1565 T. Cooper Vertigo cæli, the rounde course of celestiall bodies. 1596 J. Davies cviii. sig. C4 All the vertues that from her doe flow, In a round measure hand in hand doe goe. 1611 R. Cotgrave Virevoulte, a veere, whirle, round gambol. 1648 T. Winyard 2 His blood rides the round post, or dances the Morrice through him. 1656 A. Cowley Davideis iii. 91 in How the kind Sun usefully comes and goes, Wants it himself, yet gives to Man repose. How his round Journey does for ever last. 1825 13 July 3/1 It appeared to be a close run race..till they got to the starting post of the round course, when it was evident that Crusader must win. 1891 Sept. 287/1 Each vessel making a complete circuit of the world on the round voyage. 1922 R. J. Snell xi. 157 All night long, beneath the moon, the tiger and his mate with their cubs beat a hard, round path about me and the little girl. 2008 M. L. Page 61 Sean took the chalk and, in sweeping round movements, made about 10 circles on the board. the world > time > frequency > [adjective] > repeated or recurring 1620 T. Middleton sig. B3 The round yeere In her circumferent armes will fold vs all. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil 93 The Peasant, innocent of all these Ills, With crooked Ploughs the fertile Fallows tills; And the round Year with daily Labour fills. View more context for this quotation 1704 E. Ward i. 53 Since I am now into a Circle run, Like the Round Year, I'll end where I begun. 1818 L. Hunt p. cxxiii Ever on Rolls the round day, and calls the starry fires To their glad watch. 1832 4 Aug. 491/3 Why does not he wrench off at least a tithe of the round year for his own private benefit? 1860 R. W. Emerson Considerations in (London ed.) 214 The round year Will fetch all fruits and virtues here. 1920 E. Hayes x. 81 Did the round year offer any activity more welcomed than that initial piece of work: sugar-making. 1934 A. Huxley 199 Between the round day and the round month they have slipped an intermediate round, the week. 1996 L. Coffman 49 Nothing ends easily as this season, work of the round year. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [adjective] > made from specific types of yarn 1488 in T. Dickson (1877) I. 139 Thre elne of rownde braide clayth. 1503 in J. B. Paul (1900) II. 212 For x elne roundair claith, to be tua sarkis. 1561 in T. Thomson (1815) 150 Fourty round scheittis. 1566 in D. H. Fleming (1897) 500 Tuelf elne of rownd cleith to be schetis to the servandis. 1589 XXII. 72 Small lyning.., round lining..at 6s. 6d. the eln. 1614 in J. Groves (1997) I. 25 Three payre of rounde hempen sheets..xs. 1621 Edinb. Test. LI. f. 140v, in (at cited word) xxxij vnce blak silk round and small. c1700 Dumfries Burgh Arch. in (at cited word) Eight rown toals & tua duzeon servits rown & small. 1721 in R. Renwick (1893) 303 Except round secking and tweeling. 8. Designating an object which is distinguished from others of the same type by having a (more or less) circular, cylindrical, or rounded shape. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > of specific pattern the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [adjective] > forming a circle or ring the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > having specific parts > train or tails > not 1490 Will of Elizabeth Fitzherbert in (1898) 20 36 To Robert Jakes xs. for a gowne clothe & to his wyffe a rounde gowene. 1548 f. ccxxxix A ryche goune of cloth of golde reised, made rounde without any trayne after the Dutche fassyon. 1602 in A. H. Nelson (2003) lxxx. 406 Item one rounde gowne of yellowe Satten cut and lined with blacke sarceonet. 1632 F. Quarles iv. cv. 201 Thy nock-shorn Cloake, with a round narrow Cape. 1783 H. C. Jennings 74 The bewitching Force of Habit, will..make this Change as familiar to every Rank, as the round Jacket, to our Watermen. 1788 E. Sheridan Let. in (1986) vi. 138 As to gowns all kinds—Chemises—Round gowns with flounce or not. 1801 J. Austen 6 May (1995) 83 It is to be a round Gown, with a Jacket & a Frock front..to open at the side. 1806 June 225/1 Round dress of white sarsnet ornamented with crape rush. 1861 F. Perigal 84/1 Dress of thick white muslin; short round cloak of black velvet, cut as a half circle. 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ IV. viii. Finale 361 When he wore a round jacket, and showed a marvellous nicety of aim in playing at marbles. 1890 Dec. 157 White satin round dress, rose petticoat, ruffles, frizzled and powdered head-dress. 1977 P. O'Brian iii. 58 You had better order some cool clothes, too... The Governor will not object to nankeen trousers and a round jacket. 2010 C. Camp 426 The gowns themselves were exactly alike—puff-sleeved concoctions of white satin slips over which hung round dresses of Urlings net. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [adjective] > hat > other 1565 T. Harding iii. v. f. 146 Do not some amonge you weare square cappes, some rounde cappes, some butten cappes, some only hattes? 1591 T. Lodge f. 9 After a Schollers curtesie, with his round cap in his right hand,..he began thus [etc.]. 1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus ii. x. 123 The maried women weare vpon their heads a certaine round cappe, made like a basket of a foote and a halfe in length, and plaine vpon the toppe lika a barrell. 1677 T. D'Urfey ii. iii. 17 We of the Round Cap are not giv'n to't; 'tis your Graduates are the angry people. 1750 No. 8932. 1/2 A blue Waistcoat with white Metal Buttons, a Pair of Buckskin Breeches, a brown natural Wigg, with an old round Hat. 1775 J. Thacher Aug. (1823) 38 They are dressed in white frocks, or rifle shirts, and round hats. 1828 D. Wordsworth (1941) II. 403 Women often with round hats, like the Welsh. 1842 Mar. 298 About Peterhead the fisher-lasses sport ‘the roun' croon’, with lace edges or bords. 1890 C. M. Yonge 137 Those foolish girls thought me too fine a lady to like to be seen with her in her round hat on a Sunday. 1901 xiv. 250 He seldom wears a round hat since he has taken to the softer kinds. 1968 T. Parker 27 I was the lift boy and I had one of those round hats, pill-boxes they used to call them. 1984 P. O'Brian i. 45 And why are you running about in a round hat and those vile pantaloons? society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [adjective] > of specific general shape 1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio vi. 183 With threescore galleis, and some round vessels [It. & alcuni vaselli tondi]. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi 11 He might then either leave the Galley..or send her backe againe, and there hire or buy a round vessell. 1700 G. Booth tr. Diodorus Siculus xvii. x. 563 They fill'd 15 of their round Vessels with Stones, and cast them into the Mouth of the Harbour to choak it up. 1798 J. Feltham vii. 87 The Dutch busses are the best constructed for the herring industry in the open sea. They are long round vessels. 1844 July 17 The Phœnician word Arco, signifying long,..was generally applied by that maritime nation to their naves longæ, in contradistinction to the Gaulus or round vessel. 1875 4 424 He says that these same round vessels are still used at Baghdad, built of boughs and timber covered with skins. 1920 W. O. Stevens & A. F. Westcott i. 19 Early in Egyptian history the distinction was made between the ‘round’ ships of commerce and the ‘long’ ships of war. 1969 55 150 Two centuries later the piratical binta was still a round ship and this type can be found again in the banawa of the Celebes. 2000 (2001) 491/2 Round ship, Mediterranean: General term applied by the Greeks and Romans to their merchant vessels and to other vessels during the Middle Ages. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [adjective] > circular > of or relating to or forming circumference 1658 G. Atwell App. v. 127 You have three other scales that are for round measure, that shew the three squares belonging to the circle. 1661 J. Brown xvii. 96 (heading) The use of the line of decimal round measure, commonly called Girt-measure, which is when the circumference of a round Cillender, or piller given in inches or ten parts of a foot. 1707 J. Mortimer 416 This Table of Round Measure..shews how much in length makes a solid Foot of Timber in any round piece. 1813 J. Farey II. x. 330 In 1811,..from 60 to 100 feet measure, sold about Wingerworth, at 3 s. 6 d. to 5 s. 3 d. per solid foot (round measure). 1916 L. I. Baldt v. 86 We find the largest round measure of the body at the fullest part of the bust, therefore our first round measure should be the bust measure. 1998 R. Jindal i. 7 Round measurement taken closely but not tightly around the waist. the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > vowel > [adjective] > types of 1710 i. i. 24 The round (o) is formed by the larger Aperture or Opening of the Lips. 1834 Nov. 412 We trust that the era which has occasioned us to use the round vowel so many times, as an expression of unfeigned regret, is passing—indeed has passed away. 1888 H. Sweet (new ed.) 20 The unrounding of back round vowels is rare. 1933 O. Jespersen 23 All these sounds have lip-rounding and are therefore termed round. 1994 M. Kenstowicz i. 25 Matched sets of round and nonround vowels in the high front and back regions. 11. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > [adjective] > specific type of blow 1790 30 Sept. 324/2 It was impossible for him, however, to prevent the quick motions of Mendoza, whose fist, (sometimes while Humphries was standing on guard, and sometimes while he was dealing his round blows at the head), flew, like lightning. 1799 (ed. 3) vi. 48 The parts of the body and face which are subject to suffer by round blows are the temporal arteries, the jaw bone, the glands of the ears, the ribs, and the loins. 1808 30 247 Giving a round blow. 1861 C. Dickens I. iii. 34 [He] made a hit at me—it was a round weak blow that missed me and almost knocked himself down. 1901 W. Edgeworth-Johnstone 42 The left elbow must be raised outwards until in a line with the shoulder... The blow is a round one. 2000 R. Shillingford iii. 45/1 The techniques for countering a round punch can also be used against someone using the same motion while swinging a club or pipe. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > cricketer > [adjective] > types of bowler 1831 13 Aug. He foiled successively Marsden's straight and Rollins's round bowling. 1836 10 Sept. The fine bowling of Ridsdale and Buck, the latter of whom is a round bowler, as also are Letby and Smith, which accounts for the many wide balls. 1861 Jan. 301 When he describes a game of cricket, he does so in a fashion that makes us long to see him stand up to some quick round bowler—it would be a spectacle for gods and men. 1913 9 Aug. 14/5 He would be properly looked upon as the father of the round bowling of the present day. II. Senses relating to fullness or completeness. 1340 (1866) 1 Blind and dyaf and alsuo domb, Of zeuenty yer al uol rond. 1737 A. Pope i. vi. 11 Add one round hundred. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter ii. ix. 227 This Manila ship, whose wealth..we now estimated by round millions. 1837 N. Hawthorne (1851) I. xvi. 249 A round half dozen of pretty girls. 1883 R. L. Stevenson iv. xxi. 167 There was a round score of muskets for the seven of us. 1901 6 Apr. 526/2 A hypothetic medical school in a presumptive great metropolis has in its faculty, we will say, a round half-dozen..surgical teachers. 1979 D. M. Ashdown 136 If his own offspring had been as fecund as he and Charlotte, there would have been a round gross of royal grandchildren in Britain and on the Continent. 2008 (Nexis) 9 Aug. 94 The new England captain..rammed home his status as one of the world's best batsmen with a round 100. 13. the world > action or operation > completing > [adjective] > completed > brought to a perfect finish c1405 (c1380) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 117 Right so was faire Cecile..Ful swift and bisy euere in good werkynge And round & hool in good perseuerynge. c1429 (1986) l. 486 (MED) Men hald be reson rounde grete charitee in hym is. 1447 O. Bokenham (Arun.) (1938) 7411 (MED) Turnyng was Cycyle of conswetude Of good werkys by solycytude, Round by perseueraunce. a1568 R. Ascham (1570) ii. f. 43v All his sentences be rownd & trimlie framed. 1583 B. Melbancke (new ed.) sig. Mii Mark their phrase & Elocution, & then that which is commonly lightly regarded, be painfull to make a swete round number. 1616 B. Jonson Epigrammes xcviii, in I. 798 He that is round within himselfe. 1660 J. Fell Life Hammond in H. Hammond (1674) I. 23 His stile, though round and comprehensive, was incumbred sometimes by Parentheses. 1741 17 After having given it this good round Character of himself, he proceeds to demolish those who had unfortunately handled the same Subject before him. 1777 in T. Davies Advt. p. iv To some of the Noble Lord's characters nothing was wanting but a few slight touches to render them more round and complete. 1781 W. Cowper 517 If sentiment were sacrific'd to sound, And truth cut short to make a period round. 1841 T. Carlyle iii. 169 It is truly a lordly spectacle how this great soul [sc. Shakespeare] takes in all kinds of men and objects,..sets them all forth to us in their round completeness. 1852 P. J. Bailey (ed. 5) 332 Ere yet he could..foresee Life's round career accomplished in the skies. 1927 E. M. Forster iv. 106 The test of a round character is whether it is capable of surprising in a convincing way. If it never surprises, it is flat. 2003 (Nexis) 16 Apr. a18 ‘Reward travel’ is a nice round phrase. the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > thoroughgoing > of actions 1596 T. Nashe sig. E4 Wee might haue made round worke, and gone thorough stitch. 1625 F. Bacon (new ed.) 31 Simulation and Dissimulation commonly carry with them, a Shew of Fearfulnesse, which in any Businesse doth spoile the Feathers, of round flying vp to the Mark. 1665 in J. Strype (1721) IV. 352 These instructions to make round work were backed with a commission to the justices to hear and punish. 1726 D. Defoe 7 They make round Work with the Witnesses and their Testimony, and tell us that all they said and swore to was utterly false and groundless. the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [adjective] > pleasant > mellow the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > resonance or sonority > [adjective] > of sounds 1795 21 Nov. 89/1 The tone of her voice is round and strong. 1832 L. Hunt 201 The rounder murmur, fast and flush, Of the escaping gush. 1837 C. Dickens xxviii. 297 The merry old gentleman, in a good, round, sturdy voice, commenced [a song]. 1884 F. M. Crawford ix His voice..was wonderfully smooth and round. 1922 E. von Arnim (1989) 304 ‘Where are your things, Mr Briggs?’ asked Mrs Fisher, her voice round with motherliness. 1968 54 29/1 The full round sound meets the demands of professional flutists. 1991–2 Winter 31 His voice is not really round, warm, or sensuous enough for Rodolfo's music. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > types or qualities of intoxicating liquor > [adjective] > good the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > qualities or characteristics of wine > [adjective] > well-balanced 1827 1 Dec. 450 He talks with such goût of the round flavour and the rich body acquired by vatting. 1860 Aug. 323 ‘You like a round wine, I believe?’ said our host. 1883 55 111 Invert sugars are preferred to glucose for giving a full or ‘round’ flavor to beers. 1902 19 Nuits St. George, a round soft wine, full flavoured. 1939 6 Feb. 44 Johnnie Walker is mellow and full-bodied with twelve long years in the cask. It sips with a smooth and round flavour. 1975 P. V. Price v. 78/3 Is the wine moderately supple and round or does it seem slightly harsh or thin? 2010 (Nexis) 22 June (Epicure section) 20 Expect plenty of generous, round, warm and soft reds, the kind that go down pretty easily. 14. a. Of an amount or quantity of something: large, considerable. Now often preceded by good.society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [adjective] > large sum 1552 King Edward VI in (1857) II. 504 Round sommes of money might be of them borowed that haunt the marte. 1579 in W. H. Stevenson (1889) IV. 192 The londe lorde shall be bownde to..the towne in a good round somme of money. 1605 E. Sandys sig. N4 Their annuities and tenths doe still runne current:..and amount (no doubt) to a good round summe. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher v. iii. 78 Ile lay ye all By th' heeles,..and on your heads Clap round Fines for neglect. View more context for this quotation 1673 35 A round summ of ready money. 1711 R. Steele No. 41. ⁋5 At length he was forced to the last Refuge, a round Sum of Money to her Maid. 1769 W. Blackstone IV. 218 It being usual in those courts to exchange their spiritual censures for a round compensation in money. 1817 W. Scott 3 May (1933) IV. 440 My sum is L.1700, payable in May—a round advance, by'r Lady. 1821 W. Scott III. vii. 168 The burgh will be laid under a round fine. 1887 T. A. Trollope II. 21 I came home from my ramble with a good round sum in my pocket. 1906 W. P. King iv. 105 I have paid doctors a good round fee a number of times for having reduced dislocations when I knew that they had done no such thing. 1943 10 Mar. 9/6 The amounts we have carefully collected..now total a good round sum. 2002 (Nexis) 30 May a10 I would collect a nice round sum of $521. the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adjective] > great (of quantity/amount) 1596 Ld. Burleigh Let. 20 May in (1843) lii. 109 I have of late graunted severall warrants for transportacion of a good round quantitie of beans. 1622 G. de Malynes 129 A Merchant in Spaine dealing for..America, will buy a round quantitie of Germanie commodities or manufactures made there. 1659 J. Rushworth 464 To get in a good and round supply of Provision into the Citadel. 1721 18 Mar. 1/1 I have set apart a good round Quantity of these delicate silken Turn-overs for the Benefit and Decoration of divers Worthy Gentlemen. 1785 ii. 38 I hope, you have taken care to bring me a good round quantity of laces. 1852 Oct. 453 A good round supply for their journey. 1903 L. M. Palmer Let. 14 Apr. in (1913) IX. 5427 I think I can put a good round quantity of sugar in your warehouse. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] 1592 T. Nashe (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. F2 If any Mecænas..extend some round liberalitie to mee worth the speaking of. 1592 G. Harvey (new ed.) iii. 31 Those Miracles, which some round liberality, and thy super-thankfull minde, would hugelie enable thee to worke. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] 1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 14 in T. Nourse (ed. 3) If the Coals be Hewed or Wrought pretty Round and Large Coals. 1764 (1765) 3 xx. 84 The common custom, of calling large coals round coals. 1793 in R. Colls (1989) iv. 47 Clean pure Coals both round & small (the round Coals not to exceed 14 or 15 Inches at most Square). 1867 16 111 That does very well where it does not matter whether the coals are round or small. 1883 W. S. Gresley 207 Round Coal, coal in large lumps, either hand-picked or after passing over screens to take out the small. 1906 H. F. Bulman & R. A. S. Redmayne (ed. 2) App. v. 373 Compensation for which is included in the prices paid for hewing the round coals. 1992 S. Hornsby iv. 100 The screens consisted of iron gratings set at half-inch widths that separated out small coal or slack from large or round coal. 2000 G. Fleming in D. T. Merrett 51 Most of these consumers preferred Newcastle [in New South Wales] coal of either round or small grade. 15. the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > [adjective] > numbered or reckoned > approximately 1600 P. Holland in tr. Livy 1424 Aurei Romani, Peeces of gold coine..in round reckoning equivalent to our spur-roiall of 15 sh. 1631 W. Gouge ii. §1. 131 He would in a round reckoning have beene said to have raigned one and forty yeares. 1746 18 In the year 1700, it was computed, that there were about five thousand able, effective men in Canada;..some judicious people think it is a pretty round computation. 1798 W. Ridgeway 113 Make a round guess and say how many oaths have you taken within the last six months? 1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous i, in 4th Ser. IV. 19 ‘I may form a round guess,’ answered the stranger, ‘what I might have to fear.’ 1863 5 Sept. 44/1 The round estimate just given is, probably, some hundreds under rather than a single daub over the mark. 1920 J. A. Hobson ii. i. 147 A round estimate of 190 millions will be recognized by anyone who considers the circumstance an exceedingly conservative one. 2005 M. J. S. Rudwick ii. vii. 397 The figure of three thousand years was only a round guess. the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > prime > whole the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > [adjective] > in number or extent > of numbers 1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne i. xxxiv. 266 We reade of a certain Priest, who by saying a Masse, deliuered ninety and nine soules out of Purgatory. And being demaunded why he stayed there, and went not on to an hundred, to make vp a round number [Fr. pour faire le conte rond]: he answered, that a diuellish doore hindred him. 1646 Sir T. Browne vi. i Nor is it unreasonable to make some doubt whether..Moses doth not sometime account by full and round numbers. View more context for this quotation 1649 F. Roberts (ed. 2) Introd. to Rdr. 57 It's usuall in Scripture to put the round number, for the punctual number. 1719 J. Harris 88 The round Number of 8000 Miles, is pretty nearly the Earth's Diameter. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne in tr. Plutarch III. 209 (note) It is common for historians to make use of a round number, except in cases where great precision is required. 1871 J. Earle vii. 382 An abstract substantive which..has a peculiar utility in expressing the more conventional quantities or round numbers. 1935 16 Mar. 13/5 The love of round numbers,..is common among people who hate to look like pernickety pedants. 1958 C. N. Parkinson (1961) 72 He distrusts that round figure of £10,000,000. Why should it come out to exactly that? 1991 26 Oct. (Mag.) 30/1 An early wisdom was that an uneven figure (£10.809 million rather than a round number) would suggest meticulous calculation. the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of seafood > [adjective] > filleted or gutted > not 1865 400 (table) Dried salted cod..1,400,000... Dried round cod..814,000. 1883 July 162 The fish intended for the table are not eviscerated, hence they are called ‘round’ haddocks to distinguish them from the others which are called ‘kit’ haddocks. 1893 May 566 The average price of ‘round cod’ (full with liver and roe) is returned at 24s. 8d. per 100 fish. 1942 Mar. 22 A ‘round’ fish is a natural—a fish with everything intact, including the entrails. 1955 F. G. Ashbrook xii. 170 Whole or round fish are those marketed just as they come from the water. 2005 R. Schubring in J. Ryder & L. Ababouch 123 Thawing the frozen round or gutted fish and refreezing them after filleting and skinning. III. Senses relating to a lack of restraint, restriction, or qualification. In many of the senses in this branch often preceded by good in modern use. 17. the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > [adjective] > striking hard or vigorously > hard or vigorous (of blows) c1380 (1879) 632 (MED) Helmes & hauberkes þay kutte a two wiþ hure strokes rounde. a1450 (1969) l. 2068 Ȝe boyes bolde, To rounde rappys ȝe rape. a1500 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville (Stowe) l. 16228 (MED) Hys Strokys wern so Fel and Rounde. 1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland 87/2 in (new ed.) II What a round fall he caught in his owne turne. c1595 Capt. Wyatt in G. F. Warner (1899) 58 Wee had franklie bestowed upon her verie rownde and sownde vollies of shott. 1725 D. Stanley iv. 438 She verily thought her self now secure of her Prey, and softly stealing from her Horse, came behind him, and saluted him with a good round Blow of her Cudgel. 1769 H. Brooke IV. xvii. 70 She gave me a round cuff on the side of my head. 1774 R. Warner tr. Plautus Lots ii. vi. in B. Thornton et al. tr. Plautus V. 308 Give him a good round slap i'th'chops for me. 1861 L. L. Noble xii. 53 Now and then one would give the water a good round slap, the noise of which smote sharply upon the ear, like the crack of a pistol in an alley. 1941 J. Homer vi. 131 He lurched across the road directly in front of us, and..before I could place my foot upon the brake I had hit him a good round smack. 2008 J. A. Ball & M. M. Chemers tr. Aristophanes ii. 47 A good round smack upside the cakehole is all that's needed to keep these broads in line! society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > strict or severe (of measures) 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. xviii. 202/1 in (new ed.) I The honest poore man, whome the law of nations doo commend, for that he indeuoureth to liue by anie lawfull meanes, is driuen awaie, and no more to come there vpon some round penaltie. 1617 in S. R. Gardiner (1871) 21 If it will not be fitt that order be given for a speedye and rownde proceeding. 1670 R. Baxter Pref. sig. B6v It is sharper and rounder dealing than all this, that must cure the Schismes in the Church. 1712 J. Arbuthnot iii. 16 A good round Whipping. 1792 T. Holcroft ii. 41 A good round penalty in case of forfeiture! 1839 G. L. Craik & C. Macfarlane II. vi. i. 334/2 He set round fines on the heads of rich offenders. 1904 E. G. Taylor i. 18 Of course you deserve a good round penalty, first for stealing, and secondly for being so silly as to get caught. society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [adjective] > types of armed encounter 1601 Ld. Mountjoy in F. Moryson (1617) ii. 156 The enemy one day..began a round fight with us, close to our trenches. 1633 T. Stafford ii. xiii. 207 Seeing them likely to draw on a round Skirmish, tooke thirtie Shott of his owne Company. 1654 E. Nicholas (1892) II. 65 Lambert..is for having a perfect league with Spain and a round war with these Countries. 1892 W. Muir (rev. ed.) lxviii. 528 They were attacked by the Turkish and Berber soldiery, and after a round fight, in which many fell, succumbed. 18. society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [adjective] > straightforward or direct a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich (1932) III. l. 17266 (MED) Kyng maglaans clepyd his nevew Soryownde and to hym Spak wordis þat weren rownde. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun (Nero) ix. l. 1691 Þe Erl made anssuere rownde, He walde noucht for a thousande punde. 1570 T. Wilson Life Demosthenes in tr. Demosthenes 113 He made a more round aunswere to an other, that misliked with his ouermuch painfull vttered Orations. 1570 (c1478) Hary (Lekprevik) xi. 1362 For all thi round [1488 roid] reheirs Thow has na charge. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. i. 202 Your reproofe is something too round . View more context for this quotation 1641 J. Milton 51 To deale by sweet..instructions; gentle admonitions, and somtimes rounder reproofs. 1655 in E. Nicholas (1892) II. 234 Card[inal] Mazarine writ a round and peremptory lettre to Monsr de Bourdeaux to conclude ye peace or come away. 1749 H. Fielding III. viii. iv. 172 Gave her Servants a round Scold. View more context for this quotation 1795 iv. 51 The Bible says in round terms, ‘He that believeth nor is condemned already’. 1848 W. Irving (rev. ed.) vii. ix. 428 A memorial addressed to the governor, remonstrating in good round terms on his conduct. 1865 M. Eyre v. 55 She tells you home truths in the roundest manner. 1931 30 Apr. 25/4 An eminent British industrialist has condemned in round terms policies of rationalization. 1984 A. Cameron & J. Herrin 18 The Patria..are not afraid to condemn the iconoclastic emperors in the roundest terms. 2006 D. Fulmer viii. 162 She found herself sitting upright, her brow furrowed, as if he was at that moment across the table, receiving a round scolding. b. Outspoken, uncompromising, or severe in speech with another; not mincing words. Also occasionally more generally: †dealing uncompromisingly with another. society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [adjective] > straightforward or direct > of persons 1524 in (1836) IV. 225 Onles ye see some likelihode that she woll falle to folowe the Kingis mynd, the sonner ye be round with her the better. 1539 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman (1902) II. 177 The said bishop hath bene very playn and Rownde with Messieurs of the counseill there. 1603 T. North tr. Plutarch (new ed.) 747 Upon land they [sc. pirates] found he [sc. Caesar] was very round with them, as also their Iudge at Sea. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. ii. 8 He will not heare, till feele: I must be round with him. View more context for this quotation a1639 W. Whately (1640) ii. xxvi. 33 He is plaine and duly round with him; a plaine laying open of the fault of the offendor, is necessary to bring him to the sight of his fault. 1712 74 They often found it difficult to make a Council of State do what was necessary for carrying on the Service; which oblig'd the Conference sometimes to be round with them. 1795 J. O'Keeffe i. i. 6 Madam, I'll be round with you. 1869 A. Trollope I. ii. 11 We all know what a husband means when he resolves to be round with his wife. 1889 R. L. Stevenson ii. 36 My dear lord, I will be round with you like a soldier. 1922 J. Joyce ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 389 'Slife, I'll be round with you. 1565 T. Stapleton f. 112v S. Augustin vehement and rownde as you see, after his maner. 1599 T. Heywood sig. J2 Gep goodman Tanner, are yee so round? 1633 Earl of Manchester (rev. ed.) 47 A man may be mannerly in the forme, but round in the matter. a1649 J. Winthrop (1853) I. 99 The deputy began to be in passion, and told the governour that, if he were so round, he would be round too. the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [adjective] > straightforward or frank 1487 Thewis Gud Women (St. John's Cambr.) 41 in R. Girvan (1939) 83 With suet, gud, rownd contyrnans. 1517 R. Fox in tr. St. Benedict sig. Aiiv We haue translated: the sayde rule into oure moders tonge, commune, playne, rounde englisshe. 1587 Ld. Willoughby Let. Sept. in J. L. Motley (1867) II. xviii. 356 I ambitiously affect not high titles, but round dealing. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1622) i. iii. 90 I will a round vnuarnish'd tale deliuer. View more context for this quotation 1625 F. Bacon (new ed.) 5 It will be acknowledged,..that cleare and Round dealing, is the Honour of Mans Nature. 1628 O. Felltham lxxvi. 218 It is good to be iust and plausible. A round heart will fasten friends; and linke men to thee, in the chaines of Loue. 1699 B. E. Round-dealing, Plain, Honest Dealing. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet (1734) II. 353 The round proceeding of the Lord Godolphin reconciled many to him. 1735 F. Manning 8 Round dealing was the honest Way he us'd, Suitors were soon dispatch'd, but not amus'd. A short decisive Answer suited best. 1783 H. Bright 111 The rendering a Sentence into round English is of use not only to preclude bad English, but to make the Sense of the Writer more plain. 1814 T. Chalmers iii. 96 They deliver what they have to say in a round and unvarnished manner. 1864 A. Trollope I. xiii. 98 I'm not a going to deny the money, Mr. Vavasor. You'll never find me doing that. I'm as round as your hat, and as square as your elbow,—I am. 1888 R. Buchanan vii. 136 Man's heart is evil..as indeed Thou hast admitted now in fair round speech. 1955 H. Lamb v. 120 He had a lingering fondness for the good round speech of the Rhineland. 20. the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > [adjective] > specifically of movement or action 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart II. cxvi. f. cxxxii/1 They gathered their company togyder and departed aboute mydnyght, and rode a rounde pase [Fr. chevaucherent le grand trot] too this towne. 1548 W. Patten F vj We cam on spedily a both sydes.., but ye Scots indede wt a rounder pace. 1565 T. Cooper Citum agmen,..an armie marchyng a rownde pase. 1632 P. Massinger iii. ii. sig. F4 But when we are enter'd, We shall on a good round pace. 1694 C. Cotton tr. L. Pontis ii. 28 They came up accordingly at a good round trot. 1710 No. 4779/4 Trots all, and at a round Rate. 1771 H. Mackenzie xiv He walked a good round pace. 1804 ‘Ignotus’ 106 The same effect will scarcely be produced by four hours round trotting. 1858 Aug. 420/2 Five miles of good round trotting proved his new nag to be badly spavined. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in 47 Round was their pace at first, but slacken'd soon. 1916 G. A. England ix. iii. 207 He dorve out of Hampton, on the Clarke's Corners road, at a good round lick. 1926 J. J. Audubon 80 Off we went at a round trot. 2008 M. Schwartz tr. I. Goncharov 173 Andrei rode off at a round pace. society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > elegance > [adjective] > fluent or unforced 1565 T. Cooper Volubilitas linguæ, rounde or quicke speakyng, without impediment or staggerynge. 1574 J. Baret R 338 A man that hath a rounde & flowing vtterance. 1662 J. Howell 171 Ther is nothing that conduceth more to the right and round speking of Spanish, as to observe how the words are accented. 1736 R. Ainsworth I. (at cited word) To have a round delivery, expedite loqui. 1796 T. J. Mathias (ed. 2) 7 There's Mr. Pitt with his round eloquence. the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [adjective] > voluble (of the tongue) a1568 R. Ascham (1570) ii. f. 45 Those that haue ye inuentiuest heades, for all purposes, and roundest tonges in all matters and places. 1642 Bp. J. Hall Preface §̈9. 17 That round tongue, agile hand, nimble invention, stay'd delivery, quiet calm and happy bosome. 21. society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > [adjective] > strong or urgent 1591 A. Colynet i. 16 He promised them with a round oath to set his hand to worke so surely, that if he did not carrie away the whole, yet he hoped to haue a good part of the cake. 1696 53 Methinks she has a good round Oath upon her Tongue. a1714 J. Sharp Serm. in (1754) IV. 309 Either a round oath, or a curse, or the corruption of one. 1772 W. Cole Let. 22 June in H. Walpole (1937) I. 262 She utterly disavows, with a good round oath, any knowledge of it. 1844 C. Dickens xlii. 488 To swear a few round oaths. 1882 Oct. 324/2 I shall use the word ‘blank’ to stand in place of his full round oaths. 1948 B. Griffith 50 Machismo makes a boy swear big round oaths as a youngster. 1987 P. Anthony vii. 135 Latia hesitated, but finally wound up and delivered a round curse. the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > [adjective] > of a lie: gross 1593 A. Willet i. 10 Mendacium rotundum. Hee maketh a round lie. 1645 28 Yet Hushai made a round lie. 1678 V. Alsop ii. iii. 188 Will then telling half a dozen round Lyes procure us our Peace? 1706 S. Centlivre iv. 44 A round Lie or Two. ?1785 64 This is, you'll observe gentlemen, said Mr. Garrick, not a round lie; but differs from his other stories, which are generally as broad as they are long. 1870 J. A. Froude XII. 558 Except when speaking some round untruth Elizabeth never could be simple. 1874 (rev. ed.) 272 Round un, an unblushingly given and well-proportioned lie. 1904 R. C. Praed xxxii. 323 A round lie may sometimes serve thee well. 1992 101 1460 (note) On this issue, the Republicans either deceived themselves or decided that the only thing for it was a round untruth. the mind > language > statement > dogmatic assertion > [adjective] 1701 W. Kennett 134 I hope Mr. A. himself was sensible of his Mistake in that round Assertion. 1733 I. Watts i. §11 39 But may not this be answered by a round Denial of this Proposition. 1737 Aug. 494/2 This B. J. is a round Asserter when he said [etc.]. a1795 J. Boswell (1799) anno 1780 IV. 19 This assertion concerning Johnson's insensibility to the pathetick powers of Otway, is too round. 1823 W. Scott II. ix. 238 Julian made no answer whatever to this round intimation. 1886 A. E. Small xviii. 254 The round assertion that she had never copulated with any man, in her estimation, was true, inasmuch as she had only kept company with a boy. 1929 8 Nov. 14/6 The Prime Minister,..gives a round denial to the persistent rumours of a crisis. 1981 13 248 The two authors share a boundless faith in,..the efficacy of bold, round assertions together with relentless repetition as a means of persuasion. 2004 102 303 (note) Despite the round denial at Dom. 95. society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective] > extremely wicked a1638 J. Mede (1672) i. liii. 311 If thou makest not thy mouth a glorious organ,..thou art a deep and a round offender. Phrases?1570 R. B. (single sheet) Your balades of loue not worth a beane,..Some be pithie, some weake, some leane Some doe runne as round as a ball. 1583 P. Stubbes sig. C1v To lawe go they as round as a ball, till..both, or at least the one become a begger all daies of his life. 1585 P. Stubbes sig. F8v This done, too masse go they as round as a ball. 1600 W. Vaughan ii. §4 xxi. sig. P4 Whensoeuer this reprobate cut-throate demaundeth it, then presently as round as a ball, hee commenceth his statute-marchant against him. 1635 (single sheet) Here's a health to the Black-smiths all, And let it goe round as round as a ball. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach ii. f. 80 The graffe must be round and sound, not full of pith, but full of buddes, and thicke of ioyntes. 1652 tr. M. de Cervantes (new ed.) ii. xiii. f. 159 I marry Sir, you are a true legall Squire, round and sound, royall and liberall. 1764 D. Garrick 23 Aug. (1963) II. 424 I am sure you have look'd a little into my affairs at Hampton & that all is round & sound. 1839 Apr. 287 The thicker trout gut should be of the diameter of ordinary sewing-silk; whilst the thinner sort may be almost the very finest you can procure, provided it be ‘round and sound’. 1883 13 Jan. 24/3 Pieces four feet and upwards long, round and sound, four inches and upwards in diameter, would sell readily at from £6 to £8 per ton. 1926 15 102 I assume the view that a round and sound general education is better for a boy. 2007 T. Grundner vi. 88 Cherries here. Round and sound, five pence a pound. Cherries here. the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > circumstance or circumstances > circumstance [phrase] > in all or any case or circumstances a1670 J. Hacket (1693) ii. 206 In conjunction with them, or out of conjunction; round or rattle, if he were rich he must be a booty, or a compounder. P4. in round numbers (also figures). 1672 I. Newton Let. 8 July in (1959) I. 213 The subtense GH..will be about a 25t part of the subtens MH & therefore about a 49th part of ye whole line MN the diameter of the lens; or in round numbers about a fiftieth part as I asserted. a1727 I. Newton (1728) i. 64 Appion..tells in round numbers that Carthage stood seven hundred years. 1824 T. Jefferson (1830) IV. 389 I shall speak in round numbers, not absolutely accurate. 1858 J. Doran in H. Walpole I. 485 It is now, in round numbers, fifty-five millions. 1892 29 Feb. 5/5 The Miners' Federation..contains in round numbers 180,000 paying or ‘financial’ members. 1953 S. Hays (ed. 4) xiv. 148 A small proportion of people give their ages in round numbers rather than their exact age. 1974 19 Feb. p. iv/1 The total in round figures works out at 430,000 to 450,000 men. 1998 July 35/2 The railway itself was required to make its own substantial investment—in round figures, a whopping £666,000. 1847 Oct. 505 All men, and, to speak in round numbers, all children too, are quite familiar enough with the career of these two great leaders of the French Revolution. 1850 W. M. Thackeray II. vi. 55 Such may be stated, in round numbers, to be the result of the information which Major Pendennis got. 1874 T. Hardy I. x. 136 Well, ma'am, in round numbers, she's run away with the soldiers. 1998 (Nexis) 30 Mar. 27 The usual culprits, Germany, France—NATO, to speak in round numbers—have come up with what the usual culprits come up with: reasons for doing nothing. Compounds C1. In adjectives. a. Parasynthetic. 1638 tr. F. Bacon 154 Shoulders somewhat crooked, and (as they call such persons) Round-Back'd. 1844 H. Stephens II. 403 If the field has a round-backed form, the dunghill should be placed on the top of the height. 1987 T. Wolfe xxxi. 601 Kramer, Killian, and Sherman sat in some heavy and ancient round-backed wooden chairs. 1796 S. Drinkwater 154 When the hard sole is grown over let him be shod with round barred shoes. 1994 P. Anthony vi. 149 She closed her talons carefully, so that they formed a kind of round barred cage instead of transfixing or crushing anyone. the world > animals > animal body > general parts > body and limbs > [adjective] > having a round or protuberant belly 1682 No. 1768/4 A white grey Roan Gelding,..round barrel'd, full gascoign'd. 1733 17 Feb. 4/1 [He] took with him a round barrel'd Gun. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth viii, in 2nd Ser. I. 191 A strong black horse,..strong limbed, well-coupled, and round-barrelled. 2000 S. Chibnall vii. 231 The old round-barrelled steam engine used in the film was rescued from a scrap yard by Marcel Hellmann. 1694 (Royal Soc.) 17 990 These Birds more than any other Round-bill'd Birds seem to grope for their Meat in Cow-dung. 1789 G. White xi. 146 Anatomists say that rooks..have a more delicate feeling in their beaks than other round-billed birds. 1883 (U.S. Comm. Fish & Fisheries) App. E. xii. 306 The round-billed Sword-fish provided with ventral fins are most typical and representative of the group. 1998 G. Budworth 20/1 Round-billed pliers (fig. 12) are used to tighten knots. 1597 J. Gerard iii. cxxviii. 1330 Diuers other rounde bodied plants, of a woody substance. 1602 T. Blundeville 40 The eleuenth day after the Conjunction, she [sc. the Moon] will seeme round bodied, though not at the full. 1752 J. Hill III. 16 Tænia teres, the round-bodied Tænia: it is common in the mud of ponds and ditches. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ I. xvi. 280 A round-headed, round-bodied personage, seated on a raw young horse. 1963 R. P. Dales ii. 42 Sternapsis is a small, round-bodied burrower in which the septa have mostly broken down. 1997 J. Wilson (1998) 203/1 Round bodied fish, such as mackerel, are size for size much heavier. 1615 G. Sandys 172 The instruments [of music] no other than snappers, gingles, and round-bottomd drums. 1773 I. iii. 41 A pea-green silk coat,..very becoming on such a round-bottomed fellow. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence III. xxix. 93 The round-bottomed phial sometimes used by chemists. 2001 B. Geddes 100 Coffee connoisseurs in the Caribbean use a heavy round-bottomed pot..for their coffee roasting requirements. 1852 122/2 Round-browed as their old Founders, whom the sky Dropped in this massive, time-defying Ark. 1993 (Nexis) 3 Apr. 26 Looking up to the round-browed Nab there's a suggestion of great vistas across the Promised Land. 1873 169 Care will be necessary in getting this cherry also, as some sections have the small twigged, round budded, sour pie cherry of Pennsylvania and New York. 1925 W. de la Mare 95 Minute plants, their round-budded clusters showing. 2009 55 376/2 Among the nonessential yeast mutants, we quantitatively identified 35 round-budded mutants. 1605 J. Marston i. i. sig. B 1 A softe plumpe round cheekt froe. 1871 ‘G. Eliot’ 17 June (1956) V. 153 I hope she will be round-cheeked and strong. 2000 I. Frazier vii. 126 He was short, round-cheeked, round-nosed, and bespectacled. 1688 R. Holme ii. ii. 74 The Cyclemen or Sow-bread, it hath divers round cornered and sharp pointed green side-leaves. 1704 at Mallows of the Garden Great white Roots, from whence arise round-corner'd Leaves. 1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber xii. 503 Round-cornered cards are usually purchased already round-cornered, die cut and absolutely rectangular. 2008 (Nexis) 1 Dec. The actual ground plan of the building resembles a round-cornered square with 60-m-long edges. 1633 T. Johnson (new ed.) ii. dxv. 1228 This also hath a lasting root, which sendeth vp round crested branches. 1781 J. Latham I. i. 362 Round-crested Flycatcher: the crown of the head is furnished with a remarkable rounded crest. 1826 R. Mills 101 The Birds..Are as Follows:..Large Black Duck. Bull Neck Duck. Round Crested Duck. 1996 70 254/2 Lamellar plates..curve outward and downward to form round-crested hollow ridges. 1810 30 May A new round crowned wool hat. 1922 W. R. Benét xxii. 194 ‘You don't remember me, I'll bet,’ said the broad figure, having removed a round-crowned panama and applied a coloured silk handkerchief to a beady brow. 2000 D. Muir iii. 26 The wide-brimmed, round-crowned hat of the Quaker merchant. a1671 F. Drope (1672) v. 80 The other, which (unlesse very smooth and round edged) often maketh the same rugged. 1843 C. Holtzapffel I. 228 A piece of flat iron..is thinned..by..a round-edged fuller. 2002 K. F. Ling 19/2 Chinese cooks use a round-edged spatula for tossing stir-fried ingredients in the wok. 1688 R. Holme ii. xvi. 367 Ocean Goose-fish,..hath the Head and Neck of a Goose;..having two long round ended, and smooth fins, set at a little distance on each side the Body, instead of Wings. 1870 17 Feb. 414/1 The round-ended model had a rapidly increasing advantage. 1999 (Nexis) 31 Aug. 38 As with manual toothbrushes, choose one with a small head and with soft to medium, round-ended bristles. 1753 Suppl. at Melongena The round fruited Melongena. 1824 J. E. Smith II. 381 (heading) R. villosa. Soft-leaved Round-fruited Rose. 1924 W. H. Fitch et al. (ed. 5) 266 Juncus compressus Jacq. Round-fruited rush. 2001 T. S. Cooperrider et al. 34/1 Lechea intermedia Legg. ex Britton. Round-fruited Pinweed. 1681 N. Grew 142 The Round Furrow'd Escallop, with smooth Shells or Valves. 1857 3 250 Stem about two feet high, erect straight, nearly solid, round furrowed, hairy, leafy. 1864 2/1 The disk B, having a scalloped or round-furrowed edge. 1821 Nov. 534/2 The modern manners and look of the foolish mankind of this round-hatted generation. 1962 21 Dec. 10/7 A round-hatted drummer. 1993 (Nexis) 21 Mar. In Pip's Coffee House, five round-hatted elderly ladies were discussing the situation over shortbread and slabs of fruitcake. 1785 T. Jefferson vi. 96 The flat-horned elk or original. The round horned elk. 1853 H. W. Herbert 26 In the American Elk.., and in all other round-horned deer I ever saw, the main antlers rise erectly, with a slight backward curve. 2003 (Nexis) 29 Mar. t8 This home to round-horned moufflon sheep and wild boar boasts flat, well-paved roads. 1796 J. Clarke tr. Suetonius 26/2 He is said to have been tall, of a fair complexion, round limb'd, pretty full-faced, with eyes black and lively. 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ I. i. 38 The little round-limbed creature that had been leaning against her knees. 2007 (Nexis) 19 Dec. 8 The picture in the newspaper was so appealing: a proud and round-limbed 2-year-old, beaming over her birthday cake. 1769 T. Pennant (new ed.) III. 42 The round lipped whale... The character of this species is to have the lower lip broader than the upper, and of a semicircular form. 1801 G. Shaw II. ii. 495 Under-jawed Mysticete... Round-lipped Whale. 1906 T. Hardy iv. i. 147 The Archduchess, a fair, blue-eyed, full-figured, round-lipped maiden. 2005 (Nexis) 16 Dec. c1 The silent, round-lipped ‘Oh!’ on many faces as each homeroom class first entered the $9 million school quickly turned to cries of delight. 1661 K. W. 37 The byasse of all his wooden headed roundnodled associates. 1718 R. Bradley (ed. 2) 83 The other [race] whose petals cannot contain themselves within the Bounds of the Chalyx, are call'd round podded Flowers. 1852 II. 786/1 Three species, the ray-podded, the round-podded, and the moneywort-leaved. 2007 (Nexis) 28 Jan. e2 Standard round-podded snap beans or the flat Italian type? 1597 P. Lowe viii. i. sig. Ddv He must haue diuers lancets, of the which some are large, some round pointed. 1704 at Ranunculus Round pointed Leaves, of a pale, yellow blush on the insides. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ 330 Driving a round-pointed bar into a sort of loam. 2009 (Nexis) 15 Jan. 49 Use a round-pointed spading shovel with a 48-inch handle for digging holes and turning soil. 1903 W. Bateson in 2 76 Purple flowers in Sweet-Pea [may be produced] by crossing white ‘Emily Henderson’ round-pollened form with the long-pollened form of the very same white variety. 1957 L. H. Snyder & P. R. David (ed. 5) x. 139 The F1 were crossed to redflowered round-pollened plants. 1769 18 May 8 Jan. Four of them with cut Glasses, and plated Tops, the others with round ribbed Glasses and lacquered Tops. 1874 J. W. Long v. 94 By well-bred I..mean..a long,..round-ribbed, and broad loined dog. 2005 J. H. Dutson iv. 304/2 The thick body is round-ribbed from shoulders to flanks. 1597 J. Gerard i. lxv. 90 The round rooted Asphodill according to Galen, hath the same temperature and vertue, that Aron, Arisarum, and Dracontium haue. 1731 P. Miller I. at Raphanus The small round-rooted Radish is not very common in England. 1837 23 Sept. 8/1 S. Balmer—1st. white celery; 1st. artichokes; 1st. white cabbage; 1st. round-rooted beet. 2008 P. Greenwood 139/2 Round-rooted varieties of carrot include ‘Parmex’ and ‘Paris Market’. 1704 Nat. Hist. viii, in L. Wafer (ed. 2) 239 The Round seeded Sensible. 1842 J. C. Loudon 656 There are three varieties, the round-seeded,..the Flanders spinach,..and the prickly-seeded, or common winter spinach. 1970 10 Jan. 7/3 Round-seeded peas lack the flavour of the wrinkled varieties. 2009 (Nexis) 31 Oct. 68 Sow hardy round-seeded peas and broad bean Aquadulce. c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus iv. 249 As big as an hart, long nekked, round sided, fedred. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert f. xxxiv The nyne properties of a foxe. The..third to be rounde syded. 1862 ‘Vanderdecken’ 143 A beamy, round-sided vessel. 2006 (Nexis) 30 May a7 The round-sided boats are designed for stability, manoeuvrability and quick deployment. 1658 No. 399. 249 A very good new Saddle round skirted, with two small Silver Laces laid upon it.] 1690 No. 2579/4 A round-skirted Saddle stitch'd with Silver. 1991 (Nexis) 17 Feb. 20 The dining room, which opens onto a terrace, has a large, round-skirted table. 1889 5 Oct. 327/1 The solemn, round-spectacled old gentleman in the corner. 1945 W. de la Mare 53 Round-spectacled Chardin's Passion for life. 2003 (Nexis) 26 Feb. 40 He props his round spectacled face on two fists against his forehead. 1713 5 Feb. The Rebecca Pink, a new Ship, New-England Built, Round Sterned. 1897 J. L. Allen xiii. 195 Where some round-sterned packet from New England or New Amsterdam was unloading its cargo. 2003 (Nexis) 3 July c9 Ever wonder why most life-boats and old-style fishing boats are either double-enders or round-sterned? 1702 Nov. 650 The round-tail'd Worms that are found in a Man's Intestines, those that are found in Horses Guts.., are Hermaphrodites. 1804 G. Shaw V. i. 228 Round-tailed Chub. 1946 July 45/2 The sage country is about the dividing line in the ranges of the round-tailed and bushy-tailed pack rats. 2002 104 773/1 The latter has been demonstrated for the White-fronted Manakin.., White-throated Manakin..and Round-tailed Manakin. 1633 T. Johnson (new ed.) i. ccclxix. 959 A faire floure consisting commonly of round topped leaues of a greenish yellow colour. 1866 G. Stephens I. i. 305 Bone Combs,..more or less roundtopt. 2002 61 203 The object is a round-topped piece of black stone 91 mm high, 94 mm wide at the bottom, and 18 mm thick. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault i. xiii. 87 He must also be chosen more long than high, of a red haire, large betwixt the shoulders, strong legged, round trussed and bodied. 1683 No. 1837/4 He is a round trussed Man. 1829 1 Feb. 42 The Falcon, or Slight-falcon, is of several shapes, viz. some large, some small, others long-shaped, and some round-trussed. 1609 T. Heywood viii. 176 Round visag'd, soft, and Crispe at end his haire, Smooth skind, well spoke, effeminate euery way. 1677 No. 1208/4 Of a low stature, round visaged. 1862 Mar. 463 There is the round-visaged idiot, the general contour of whose features and whose eyes and mouth are circular. 1982 J. Harding ix. 188 The Marseilles worthy who dominates a group of cronies including the round-visaged Panisse. 1789 Capt. Massey Let. 11 Dec. in (1793) 9 A round walled building erected by Abdus Wahub Cawn about fifteen years ago. 1931 G. O. Russell 67 A..round-walled organ pipe. 2003 (Nexis) 20 Mar. 53 The four bedrooms are all doubles, with a round-walled en suite off the main room. 1608 W. Shakespeare i. 14 Shee grew round wombed, and had..a sonne for her cradle. View more context for this quotation 1992 T. Ali (1993) xii. 212 She had become round-wombed over the last few months. b. With past participles. 1552 R. Huloet Rounde made, Orbiculatus. 1649 No. 228. 1187 A bay Gelding with a round made Star, rough about feet, about 15 handfull high, was taken, from Mr. Kendricks ground. 1820 W. Scott II. v. 146 The falconer..mounted his stout, round-made, trotting nag. ?a1425 (Egerton) (1889) 100 (MED) Þaire mouthes er round schapen, lyke a hors scho. 1886 A. B. Grosart in III. 275 In Irish Cruachan = the round-shapen hill. c. Complementary. 1799 Earl of Clare 1 The old jontleman had always a very good round-looking face. 1958 S. Spender 161 Round-looking lips. 1991 J. F. Andrews ix. 53 Mr. Garretson, a round-looking man with dark hair and a moustache came out of the door and joined his wife. d. With nouns. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. xxxiii. xi. 482 They [sc. silver plates] were at their drinking mazers or round-bottome dishes like balances. 1887 9 75 The ‘skip-jack’ is a connecting link between the skiff and the round-bottom boat. 2005 Dec. 24/2 The second piece was very different, it was a solid round-bottom bowl..with an off-centre depression on the top surface. 1688 R. Holme iii. 358/2 The fourth [sort of turner's tool] is termed a round edge Grooving Hook. 1852 C. Tomlinson (1854) I. 642/1 Round edge equalling file, and round-edge joint file. 1994 Nov. 16/2 Use a flat or round-edge mill file for big teeth. 1688 R. Holme ii. iv. 102 Rue, or the Herb of Grace, hath such a round end leaf drawing somewhat to a point. 1895 90 It is..‘roughed down’ with a round-end tool to the required form. 2001 F. Yuan viii. 465 The round-end shape does not resemble a good semicircular shape. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas i. v. 175 Where, She..may reare Her round-front Pallace in a Place secure. 1876 1 July 32/2 They have four round-front counter cases arranged at right angles. 1997 (Nexis) 22 June 1 k There are actually two major styles of toilets: round-front and elongated. 1878 July 427 Cube coal, from round-hole sieves of 60 mm. mesh. 1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber xii. 504 Perforating machines allow round-hole perforating, like that found on postage stamps and grocery store stamps. 2000 H. Massey 29 If it's a round hole guitar, I'll usually put the microphone off the hole, maybe 18 inches away. 1840 31 Aug. Square and round joint brass and iron head Fire Irons. 1875 E. H. Knight III. 1995/1 Round-joint File, a kind of clockmaker's file. 2002 P. Cartwright xxxiii. 281 I like to..use a round joint iron on the inside face of the block. 1828 27 Feb. 397/1 Sow a successional and full crop of spinach twice this month, of the round leaf kind. 1940 E. R. Spencer 237 Greater plantain..Broadleaf plantain, and Roundleaf plantain are the names of a very common weed found in lawns and back yards. 2009 3 July 32/3 The plant is a round-leaf sage from Perigord. 1893 IV. 3007 The round pin lewis,..requires simply a hole drilled in the stone. 1940 E. Molloy vi. 156 The British Standard Specification for domestic plugs and sockets is confined to the round-pin type. 1981 D. O. Dodge & S. E. Kyriss viii. 257 The pin of the round pin shackle is prevented from dislodging by a cotter pin. 2008 A. Thomas 225 European round-pin plugs will go into the smaller sockets, but the fit can be loose. 1859 77 [It] marked as decided an improvement over the other sections then used as his original oval section did over the small round-section arch pipes. 1968 J. Arnold 160 Later wagons, built after 1850 or so, had round-section ironwork. 1994 Autumn 15/2 The new rifle also had..a new round-section handguard in two identical halves. 1815 J. Smith I. 111 A plane..which is convex, is sometimes called a round-sole.] 1854 R. Stuart II. 420/1 A convex plane is also sometimes termed a round sole plane. 2001 C. H. Wendel 148/1 Hollow sash plane... Uses a convex sole, also a round sole plane. 1866 24 Mar. 332/2 I found one or two objections to the round-wick paraffin burners. 1936 J. Steinbeck iv. 64 A roundwick Rochester lamp. 1980 16 Mar. 63/2 Round wick kerosene lamp. C2. a. the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > back > [noun] > types of > person having 1607 B. Jonson v. ii. sig. L3 But your Clarissimo, old round-backe, hee Will crumpe you, like a hog-louse, with the touch. View more context for this quotation 1878 25 May 12/4 Hay... 1 car (round baled) mixed timothy at $3.50. 1966 19 55/3 One group was fed early-cut, round-baled hay and the other late-cut, round-baled hay. 2005 D. McCartney in S. G. Reynolds & J. Frame vi. 149 There has been lots of research on storage losses of round-baled hay, but there has been little work done to evaluate feeding losses according to the feeding method. 1913 139 Ummo Round Baler Co., feed for livestock (baled hay). 1948 A. W. Turner & E. J. Johnson x. 329 With the round baler, the windrow is flattened, compressed, and rolled up like a thick carpet, under tension by a flexible forming band. 2006 S. Yost iv. 54/2 Round balers create large bales that look like rolls of toilet paper, except they are made of hay and stand 4 to 6 feet high. 1894 23 Oct. 7/5 Cotton men think this new scheme of round baling will, in a great measure, revolutionize the exporting business. 1966 19 55/1 Common haying practices on upland meadows in the Nebraska Sandhills consist of mowing and..round baling. 2005 D. McCartney in S. G. Reynolds & J. Frame vi. 141 In the future, engineering design research will be required to speed up the wrapping process to make round baling more efficient. the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] > mound > of specific shape 1768 B. Franklin in Mar. 113 In this country, are many barrows of a singular kind; they are long and generally large, narrow at the top more or less, and slant off at the sides and ends. They are single and solitary, seldom or never found, or intermingled with round barrows. 1869 J. Thurnam in 42 168 I propose to classify the barrows of this part of England according to the following scheme:..I. Long Barrows. (Stone period)... II. Round Barrows. (Bronze period). 1975 J. G. Evans vi. 130 Two Bronze Age round barrows known as the Burton Howes. 2002 T. Darvill 368/1 In the British Isles the majority of round barrows are of Bronze Age date, but the tradition as a whole begins in the early Neolithic around 4000 bc and continues intermittently until late in the 1st millennium bc. 1847 T. T. Stoddart iv. 55 Adlington..chiefly manufactures what is well known under the name of the round-bend hook. 1866 22 Dec. 994/2 I could mention scores of instances,..all of which would go to prove the superior quality of the round-bend hook. 1904 E. S. Shrubsole xiv. 86 Many single-hook worm fishers prefer a wide round bend hook. 2003 R. Garrison ix. 109 O' Shaugnessy hook: a strong round-bend hook that is used in a lot of saltwater applications like fishing live bait. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > types of hull 1859 273 The round bilge design by Maudsley and Co. 1863 5 Jan. 5/3 The new Monitors have an ordinary midship section, and an ordinary rise of flow, and a round bilge. 1951 8 June 680/2 In general, the appraisal of the respective merits and demerits of round-bilge, hard-chine and stepped hulls is fair and temperate. 1961 F. H. Burgess 110 Hard chine, a feature of a boat in which the topsides and bottom meet at an angle instead of curving to a round bilge. 1994 17 Aug. 4/3 She did the mile in just under 45 mph, making her the fastest round bilge boat ever built. 1868 353 Amongst the floating batteries is found the Garde Cote,..a nearly completely covered in, flat-bottomed, round-bilged, and tumbling-in sided ship. 1917 21 May 3/4 A round-bilged boat driven at great speed is wabbly. 1997 (Nexis) 5 Aug. 9 All the fishing boats he has built are wooden-hulled and most of them are round-bilged. society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > bolt > types of 1582 M. Philips in R. Hakluyt (1600) III. 484 I was suddenly called for, & brought before the head Iustice which caused those my irons with the round bolt to be stricken off. 1703 R. Neve 33 Round-bolts (or long Iron-pins) with a Head at one end, and a Key-hole at the other. 1717 W. Sutherland 134 Large round Staples, Hasps, round Bolts for Doors. 1854 R. Stuart I. 358/2 Bolts are also large cylindrical iron pins, having a round head at one end, and a slit at the other. Through this slit a pin or forelock passes, to make fast the bar of a door, window-shutter, or the like. These are generally called round bolts, or window bolts. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > leg > hindleg > part of thigh 1668 i. i. 8 The knee begins at the round bone at the end of the thigh. 1730 J. Bradstreet 20 I cut a Hole, and put in two or three Roots of black Hellebore, in the outside of the Thigh, about 7 or 8 Inches below the Round-bone. 1831 W. Youatt xiv. 262 The joint of the upper bone of the thigh with the haunch is commonly called the whirl or round bone. 1854 J. Sibree i. 5 The round bones are those of the joints. 1917 E. L. Munson ii. 13 They [sc. the metatarsal bones] are firmly held at their posterior ends by ligaments binding them to the round bones of the foot. 2005 D. M. Cullinane & K. T. Salisbury in J. O. Hollinger et al. x. 248 Round bones typically comprise the bending portion of complex joints like the wrist. society > communication > writing > written character > punctuation > [noun] > brackets 1847 F. Madden II. 643 The round bracket should be after brave. 1895 J. P. Mahaffy vi. 228 Superfluous words and syllables, written by mistake of the scribe, are enclosed in square brackets. Necessary additions or corrections in round brackets. 1939 R. B. McKerrow iii. 83 Round brackets enclosing a siglum are also used as a warning that the edition thus indicated has a reading which differs. 2009 S. T. Gardner ii. 108 Put round brackets around the topic and underline the value. society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > types at specific universities 1572 G. Fenton tr. E. Pasquier ii. f. 84v I see no reason to restraine any degree, whether he be a rounde cap or a long gowne. 1657 T. M. iv. 27 Sometimes he describ'd the humors of a deceased Round-Cap, his quondam Parishioner. 1719 No. 153. 1 Many a Damsel, who has marry'd a Round-Cap, has dearly repented of her Bargain... An Undergraduate should no more venture upon Wedlock, than an Apprentice. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > growth of abnormal tissue > type of 1870 H. Arnott in T. Holmes (ed. 2) I. 615 Although, clinically, extremely malignant, this case would rather be referred, anatomically, to the class of round-cell sarcomata. 1961 R. D. Baker xix. 533 Malignant tumors of the thymus may arise from epithelial structures (carcinoma) or from a fibrous component (fibrosarcoma) but are perhaps most often round-cell tumors and presumably lymphomas. 2008 31 83 Peri-pancreatic lipoid tissue was heavily infiltrated with an inflammatory round cell infiltrate. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > growth of abnormal tissue > type of 1867 39 32 The smaller and round-celled glio- and myxo-sarcomata are very near the cancers in malignity. 1949 H. W. C. Vines (ed. 17) xv. 370 Sarcomata derived from fibrous tissue may be, in order of decreasing differentiation, fibroblastic (fibro-sarcoma), spindle-celled, or oval-celled, often wrongly called round-celled. 2003 203 228/2 Histology revealed superficially intact gastric mucosa..with moderate round-celled and granulocytic inflammation. the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > twelve > group or set of twelve a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in (1846) I. i. 41 Yitt have I haid the round desone; and sevin of thame ar menis wyffis. 1638 R. Baillie (1841) I. 125 On Thursday..we had no scant of protestations; more than a round dozen were inacted. 1677 W. Hughes ii. ii. 25 I will stint at Twelve... When the round Dozen is pay'd off,..I mean no more than bare Interest thereby. 1711 J. Anderson 4 This he pretends to make good by an enumeration of a round Dozen of our Reformers. 1829 D. Jerrold ii. i. 28 I deserve a round dozen [sc. thirteen lashes] for the question. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher 581 Round Dozen, a punishment term for thirteen lashes. 1983 P. O'Brian viii. 221 The traditions of the service being what they were he had in fact ordered many a round dozen in his time. 2009 (Nexis) 21 May There was a large entry of 48 for the boy's competitions and a round dozen for the girls. the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > rock formations > [noun] > stiria > stalagmite or stalactite 1668 W. Charleton 252 Stalagmites,..Round Dropstone nominare libuit. the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > [noun] the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > person by shape of eyes or forehead > [noun] 1955 J. Sack xx. 207 If you are ever a soldier in the Far East..an odd change will come over you. You will begin to talk of America as ‘Ike's Island’, and of the people who live there as ‘round-eyes’. 1967 16 Aug. 6/5 Many Europeans have been assaulted simply because they were ‘roundeyes’. 1977 ‘J. le Carré’ vi. 125 In the East a roundeye could live all his life in the same block and never have the smallest notion of the secret tic-tac on his doorstep. 2001 R. L. Eickhoff xvi. 164 Bong Dien, it is good you are here. The men are tired and the Roundeyes may be close. 1553 T. Paynell tr. Dares 19 Neoptolemus great, couragious, dispitefull, stammerynge, of a croked visage, rounde eyed, proude. 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid (new ed.) xiv. f. 176v That hellish wyght The round eyed gyant Polypheme. 1824 May 471/2 How many round-eyed spectators, think you, would Evadne or Mirandola bring now to a theatre? 1847 C. Dickens (1848) xxiii. 232 Rob the round-eyed..looked on and listened. 1993 20 Oct. 19/5 The reply, ‘No, but I don't eat factory-farmed animals’, gets me the round-eyed stare and the dropped jaw. 2000 J. Callahan v. 64 Three of the depicted subjects are almond-eyed, three are ray-eyed, and the men on the ship are round-eyed. 1898 168 The original round-figure estimate of cost was $2,000,000. 1914 May 455/1 Consumers do not demand round-figure prices. 1946 Apr. 142/1 [He] obviously doesn't want the job or he wouldn't have put in any round-figure bid that size. 2006 E. Wilding viii. 128 He had 13 bank accounts into which round-figure sums in cash were regularly paid. 1943 15 Dec. (inside back cover) At election, did you mail in your ballot or did you just file it in the round file? 1993 (Nexis) 9 Oct. 18 A romantic adventure-comedy that might drive you to drink is the sort of thing we get every week here.., and usually they get filed away in the round file. 2006 (Nexis) 27 Jan. 12 Whoever was involved with this silliness should toss it into the round file sitting under their desk. a1425 in W. H. Hulme (1907) p. xxv (MED) The horss hath xxv propertes..iiii off an asse..well mouthid, well-wynded, streght-bakked, and rownd-foted. c1550 in J. Raine (1859) 307 A round-footed chalice of silver and guilt, 13 oz. 1782 A. S. 32 He hath nine properties of a fox,..the seventh, to be round-footed. 1847 J. H. Napier V. iii. xi. 525 Wigs, male and female servants, and every round-footed animal were taxed. 1992 A. W. Eckert 825 Including all round-footed animals such as any members of the cat or dog families or other round-footed species. 2002 Nov. 59 The whimsical dropleaf table and chairs in the kitchen were made by Howard Wing of Hartland, Vermont, who was inspired by an old, round-footed cabinet. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > smock-frock 1723 27 Apr. 1386/2 He is a strong well-set Lad, five Foot four Inches high, having light brown lank Hair, wearing a Carter's round Frock. 1797 10 98 Members of the Agriculturean Club, or Round-Frock Society. 1875 W. D. Parish Round-frock, a loose frock or upper garment of coarse material, generally worn by country-people over their other clothes. 2000 T. Wales (2002) Round frock, often used for a smock, although the two are slightly different. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing clothing for body (and limbs) > wearing loose clothing > wearing a smock-frock 1809 W. Stevenson iv. 88 The ‘round-frocked farmers’ (for they pride themselves on frequenting the markets in the dress of their forefathers..) consider it absolutely necessary for the management of their farms, that they should work like their labourers. 1892 D. Jordan (ed. 2) vi. 210 The round-frocked pig-feeder and his two wolfish lurchers passed out of sight. society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > round dance > [noun] society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > game or match > type of game 1611 L. Whitaker in T. Coryate sig. b2 Yee Churchales, and ye Morresses, With Hobby-horse aduancing, Ye Round-games with fine Sim and Sis, About the Maypole dancing. 1776 20 Mar. Commerce is now the polite round game, and played to a higher pitch of gambling among the women than ever Loo was. 1790 W. Scott Let. 3 Sept. in J. G. Lockhart (1837) I. vi. 169 At night [we] laugh, chat, and play round games at cards. 1839 C. Dickens i. 4 Speculation is a round game; the players see little or nothing of their cards at first starting. 1883 R. Gower I. 122 What splendid round games we used to play in the evenings! 1998 D. Pool (new ed.) 48 Round games seem to have been viewed..as..a more lighthearted, boisterous sort of play [than whist]. 1607 J. Carpenter 209 The Round-Hale is the plaining and polishing of the carnall mans actions. society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > unchaste behaviour of woman > unchaste or loose woman > woman who makes herself available 1927 Nov. 67/2 Others contend that ‘a round-heeler’ was applied to street-walkers many years ago. 1943 18 Dec. 28/3 Olive..is a hard, flashy roundheeler, who has the army sergeant, Bill Page, booked for his leave. 1988 S. Fraser 94 Our list of sexual pejoratives was suitably long—boy-crazy, fast, cheap, hard rock, man-hungry, pushover, pickup, round heeler, makeout artist. 1805 12 Mar. He is a hard, but a very slow round hitter. 1810 36 195 He is a slow round hitter. 1834 26 Oct. Like all other round hitters, when opposed to a straight, quick hitter, with a longer arm and superior science,..must come off second best. 1885 10 Jan. 8/4 We have stated him to be a round hitter with his right, and anything but capable of straight and precise deliveries with his left. 1593 W. Shakespeare sig. Ciij Round hooft, short ioynted, fetlocks shag, and long,..Looke what a Horse should haue, he did not lack. 1672 J. Josselyn 20 The Maccarib,..a kind of Deer, as big as a Stag, round hooved. 1883 R. Bridges 51 Round-hoofed, or such as tread with cloven foot? 1993 R. Clawson & K. A. Shandera 24/1 He comforted the Cheyenne with news of a great bounty—a round hoofed animal with a shaggy neck, the horse. society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > soldering equipment 1875 E. H. Knight III. 2242/1 Plumbing and Soldering Tools...d, round iron. 1943 Feb. 71/1 His [sc. a Congolese craftsman's] tools..are chisels, scalpels and a couple of round irons, which..can burn holes in soft wood. society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > undressed trunk or log 1768 in C. R. Lounsbury (1994) 311 A round Log Dwelling House and Kitchen. 1780 J. Galloway 34 Having no houses for his troops, he was obliged to build uncomfortable huts with round logs, filled in with clay, and covered with loose straw and dirt. 1869 S. Haycraft (1921) ii. 15 In the winter time they met in the round log cabins with dirt floors. 1871 E. Eggleston xi. 95 He came upon a queer little cabin built of round logs. 1928 A. T. Walden i. 9 They were whip-sawed from round logs. 1997 June 95/1 A round-notch, round-log cabin that the family uses as a guest cabin and B&B. 2006 Autumn 30/1 One sawyer operates the headsaw that turns the round log into a square timber. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [adjective] > oval or elliptical 1663 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin (new ed.) i. xix. 50/2 The Ureters or Urin-carryers, are round-long Vessels or Channels, arising out of the Kidneys, planted into the Bladder. society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > unit of trading 1837 22 July 322/2 In North Alabama and Tennessee, round lots are held at 7¼ to 8 cents. 1880 31May [Oats] were at 35c for a round lot early. 1942 27 Feb. 17/5 The rates charged by brokers for ‘round lots’ (units of 100 shares) range from 3 cents a share..to 13 cents. 1962 S. Strand 638 Round lot, a trading unit. 1) On the New York Stock Exchange, 100 shares. 2) On the Chicago Board of Trade, 5000 bushels. 2003 D. L. Scott (ed. 3) 322 Customers involved in securities transactions in lots other than round lots are often penalized somewhat because the trades require more broker and dealer effort. the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > oatmeal 1792 27 June 298 Till the culture of small corn be abandoned, the practice of making round meal cannot become universal. 1796 11 Mar. 167/3 The Committee..had continued from that period, to sell..such a quantity of round meal at 15d. per peck. a1843 R. Southey (1847) VII. 79 It was round Meal. 1844 H. Stephens II. 365 There is no doubt that the round meal makes the best porridge when properly made. 1875 R. K. Philp 120/1 To make porridge you must have what is called round meal, which consists of crushed (not ground) oats. 1954 1 Oct. This kind of oatmeal is, or perhaps I should say was, the siftings, from the round oatmeal (the roun'-meal trade which was once a popular brand, but not now so much sought after). 1884 D. Kemp (rev. ed.) iv. 61 The goose-neck consists of a universal joint and round-neck pin, and sockets. 1927 2 July 10/7 She knows how ugly a deep red brown V is when a round neck dress shows white shoulders. 2006 G. Townley (2007) xi. 103 Her scoop-neck T-shirt that wasn't exactly revealing but was certainly more suggestive than a round-neck jumper. 1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie vii. f. 56v Let not him that desyreth to lyue till hee be olde, vse vomytinge often, specially if hee be longe and round necked. 1735 J. Barrow II. 197 The necks of extraordinary large sized rockets are forced, with strong cords, over screws, and round-necked irons. 1819 Aug. 404 It ought to become round-necked at about a line and a half from its point. 1876 4 July The princesse dress is always a favorite with women of refined taste. It is cut high and low, round and square necked, sometimes close, sometimes open. 1962 L. Deighton xxxi. 198 Jean wore a new round-necked, sleeveless..dress in tangerine linen. 1970 20 60 There is a quatrefoil cup..and a round-necked jar. 2005 F. Michaels vi. 115 He ripped at the shirt he was wearing, a simple, fine linen, round-necked shirt that cost four hundred dollars. 1814 A. Ward 8 An exaggeration without example, has been the effect of the round number calculation, in which gentlemen have indulged. 1861 H. Mayhew (new ed.) II. 464/1 This, still pursuing the round-number system, would supply nearly five articles of refuse apparel to every man. 1920 10 495/2 Making due allowances for all possible errors in round number estimates of this sort. 1992 J. M. Kelly i. 2 From the death of Pericles to the deaths of Alexander the Great and Aristotle (in rough, round-number dates, 420–320 bc). 1587 in F. G. Emmison (1987) (modernized text) V. 82 To Thomas Nutbrowne of London barber surgeon my doublet of violet-coloured cloth cut and my black round paned hose. 1843 tr. 2 Its black wooden roof and round-paned windows still looked fresh. 1937 W. de la Mare 39/1 Through its round-paned window. 2002 S. Suskin 192 A chunky percussionist with dirty-blond hair and round-paned glasses. society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > music on specific instrument > [noun] > on bells a1663 J. Bramhall (1672) iii. 50 Lest they get a round peal of their own Innovations rung out in their ears. 1688 R. Holme iii. 462/2 A Round Peale, is to ring the Bells what space of [time] the Ringers please. 1770 (title) St. John's Church, Manchester. On Monday the 7th of January next, will be rung, at this church, a compleat round peal of eight bells. 1821 M. Tulket 317 A prize of 6 guineas was given for the best round peal. 1875 30 Oct. 571/1 The bells were first used by eight respectable men from Birmingham, who opened them in round peal. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > ploughing in ridges 1756 S. Martin (ed. 3) i. 15 Hoe-plowing in clay soils that have lain long under water is indeed hard labor; but it will every year grow the lighter by being well drained by round-ridging. 1786 5 107 We reject up-setting, which is here called round-ridging..; and we plough the land flat. 1849 G. F. Mann Estimate Expense Constr. Village in (House of Commons) (1850) VIII. 225 8,700 yards lineal round ridging to roads, including a drain on each side. 1905 18 Sept. 6/7 Hand in hand with draining goes round ridging. 1987 D. Watts (1990) ix. 426 He [sc. Samuel Martin] devised a system of ‘round ridging’, which involved the construction of a series of ridges and trenches on flat land. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > salad 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens 422 They do mingle it amongst other herbes, in rounde salades, and Iunkettes with egges [Fr. on la mesle auec les autres herbes es tourteaux aux oeufz]. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > sewing or work sewn > seam > specific 1626 J. Smith 17 Twyne, a munke seame, a round seame, a suite of sayles. 1717 W. Sutherland 244 All smaller sort of Canvas to be sowed with a round Seam. 1839 A. Ure 598 What is called round-seam sewing.., which permits the leather to expand but in one direction, when the needle is passed through it, namely, upwards. 1961 R. De Kerchove (ed. 2) 661 Round seam, a seam formed by sewing the edges of canvas together without lapping. It is used only with the lightest kinds of canvas. About 112 stitches worked to the yard. 2006 M. L. Hoffman iii. 51 Canvas work required trainees to..understand when to use a flat seam or a round seam. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > ropes or chains other than rigging or cable > [noun] > lashings, seizings, or securing ropes 1794 D. Steel I. 181 Lay three fathoms of the end of two hawsers together, and put on a round seizing in the middle. 1841 R. H. Dana 8 Seizing the parts together with a round seizing. 2001 J. Stockwin iv. 85 He..prepared to apply a stout round seizing at the base of the block to bowse the strap close in. 1879 X. 692 Round sewing or ordinary glove stitch, piqué stitch, and prick seam. 1654 in G. F. Dow (1916) I. 198 2 Round shaves & an old adds, 3s. 1759 G. Washington Invoice 20 Sept. in G. Washington (1988) VI. 354 1 Ditto [sc. cooper's] Round Shave. 1868 Feb. 61/2 At the commencement of the next season, the hatchet is laid aside for the ‘round shave’. 1901 J. B. Avirett viii. 67 Each man is furnished with a tool called a roundshave, which is of finely tempered steel, in the shape of a small knife, round and bent like your forefingers curved from the second joint. 2000 D. S. Cecelski 34/2 Even turpentine orchards as large as the Rich Lands eventually succumbed to ax and roundshave. 1696 W. Hope tr. J. de Solleysel i. xxxix. 127 If his foot after shoeing be very high and round soled, you must then let him stand eight or ten dayes upon his Litter. a1877 E. H. Knight III. 2288/2 Spout-plane, a round-soled plane used in hollowing out stuff for spouting and troughs. 1899 12 May 3/4 One of the most deservedly popular of the new wooden clubs this year is the curvex or round soled brassie. 1964 W. L. Goodman 73 It is a round-soled plane, 14in. long, with a type (b) mouth carving enclosing the date 1706. 1996 J. Updike (1997) 226 Her two hands were rapturously clutched around her daughter's bare feet—those tiny, round-soled, puffy-backed, violet-tinged feet. 2005 G. Hack in 53 For a really bold curve or a concave one, a flat- or round-soled spokeshave is a better choice. society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > rope-making > [noun] > splicing > a splice 1627 J. Smith v. 26 Splicing is so to let one ropes end into another they shall be as firme as if they were but one rope, and this is called a round Splice; but the cut Splice is to let one into another with as much distance as you will. 1685 N. Boteler iv. 192 The round Splice, that is..the intervening of the ends of two Ropes one into the other. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher 582 Round Splice, one which hardly shows itself, from the neatness of the rope and the skill of the splicer. 1987 D. Pope xvi. 169 Why would that be an eye splice in the end: why not a round splice? 1633 T. James 76 He had contriued Her with a round sterne, to saue labour. 1717 W. Sutherland 1 I shall, instead of making a Pink, or round Stern Ship, make a square Stern'd Ship. 1835 J. MacGregor I. 220 These ships have all round sterns, and modelled exactly like British round-stern ships. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Quarter-ports, those made in the after side-timbers and especially in round-stern vessels. 1906 H. W. Smyth vi. 130 The square-sterned boats are the best performers on this point of sailing, but round sterns are coming into vogue on account of their superior running power. 1994 T. C. Gillmer (ed. 2) vi. 238 The round-stern boats are generally the larger ones and are used most frequently as oyster tongers with patent tongs. 1968 Nov. 96 (advt.) Time to settle into a roundtail? Highly maneuverable, combining the best elements of the squaretail and the pintail. 1988 Sept. 140/3 The swallow, or split, tail, which was great for powder riding but known to snap off on hardpack, has gone the way of the dodo, replaced by the more versatile round tail. 2003 (Nexis) 6 Jan. a9 Its $60 replacement—a battered Midget Farrelly roundtail—was the sorriest looking excuse for a surfboard imaginable. 2007 N. Rompella 38 (caption) The swallowtail..worked better in powder, while the roundtail was better for packed snow. society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > [noun] > round 1766 A. Serle 6 The large Round Text..cannot be considered as a distinct Hand. 1849 E. Bulwer-Lytton I. i. v. 35 Designed for the less ambitious purposes of round text and multiplication. 2005 E. J. Monaghan x. 290 James Brown Mason..wrote alphabets in round text, German text, the old-fashioned secretary hand, Italian, Old English print, and italic print. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun] > systems of cultivation 1723 J. Lewis 10 Continually sown without rest or intermission, which the farmers call sowing a round tilth. 1771 A. Young III. xxii. 113 About Sandgate castle, the round tilth continues; beans drilled, shimmed, and hand-hoed. 1796 J. Boys (1813) 73 The..rich sandy loam..cultivated under the round tilth system of East Kent, viz. Beans, Wheat, Barley. 1840 Nov. 323/1 Another preferred the round tilth, but the general opinion was in favour of the seven and eight tilth farming. 1984 B. M. Short in J. Thirsk V. i. ix. 280 About Faversham the ‘round tilth’ method employed a continuous rotation of wheat, barley, beans, peas or seeds. society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > undressed trunk or log > collectively 1656 J. Brown vi. 84 It being an Ordinary way in measuring of round Timber, such as Oake, Elme, Beech, Pear-Tree, and the like,..to take a line and girt about the middle of it. 1707 J. Mortimer 400 Forty Foot of round Timber or fifty Foot of hewn or squared Timber weighs the same. 1824 29 Jan. There will be required..200,000 cubic feet of square, and about the same quantity of round timber. 1884 25 Mar. Round timber will average 2½ boxes to the tree, and these are generally cut to hold a quart [of turpentine]. 1921 J. A. Myers in T. Gamble 145/1 In the immediate vicinity of Pensacola, there are no large tracts of round timber. 1964 Mar. 56/1 The firm has arranged with Boys and Boden to reopen the sawmill section of British Sawmills at Welshpool from March 1 for the conversion of round timber. 1997 Winter 10 (advt.) Are you having trouble selling and moving your Round Timber? the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > other 1560 Isa. iii. 18 In that day shal the Lord take away the ornament of the slippers, & the calles, & the rounde tyres [a1382 E.V. boces, a1425 L.V. goldun litle bellis lijk the moone, 1611 King James round tires, 1970 New Eng. crescents; L. lunulas]. 1657 T. Reeve 123 How much girdles, gorgets,..slippers, roundtires, sweetballs, rings,..do cost in our daies, many a sighing husband doth know by the years account. 1665 R. Hooke 140 Here appear'd very regularly shap'd holes, representing almost the shape of the sole of a round toed shoe. 1728 in (1922) 8 132 1 pair calf leather shoes..round toed. 1752 J. Hill III. 112 The round-toed Rana, with the body narrow behind. 1861 G. J. Whyte-Melville 81 The person's boots..were neat, round-toed Wellingtons. 1929 Oct. 133 Very short legs, ending in large feet (not round-toed feet like cats). 1980 L. Lewis ii. 22 My ordinary indoor shoes were round-toed. 2008 (Nexis) 15 Jan. 12 I put on the round-toed shoes and, to my horror, the husband pulls a face. 1688 R. Holme iii. viii. 388 The Second or middle, hath the name of a Round-tool; yet it is all along 3 square to the shank that goes into the Handle. 1703 R. Neve 212 Rose. These Nails are drawn four square in the Shank, and commonly in a round Tool. 1875 E. H. Knight Round-tool, a round-nose chisel..for making concave moldings. 2009 A. Atkins ix. 221 References to the ‘roundness’ of a cutting edge..should not be confused with a ‘round’ tool whose cutting edge is profiled into a curve. the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > rubbing with towel > towel > roller-towel 1724 22 Feb. One Childs Dust Gown, one round Towel, one Diaper Napkin mark'd B. 1795 17 One Round Towel per Week, to be fixed on a Roller. 1845 8 71 I at last became quite tired of him and his string of repetitions, or round towel speaking. 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. I. 452 A pulley is firmly fastened to the foot of the bed (an ordinary round towel is a useful one). 1908 G. Jekyll ii. 12 If it can have a small pantry containing a water supply and a sink,..and a round towel handy, it will be better than if these necessaries were in the kitchen itself. 1979 F. B. Smith v. v. 391 Normally there was one round towel provided for each 8 patients. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > building of specific shape > [noun] society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > castle or fortified building > [noun] > tower or fortified house 1790 3 Antiquities 81 Stone-roofed criptic churches and round towers became common in this island. 1827 G. Higgins Pref. p. xlvi Throughout Scotland and Ireland there are scattered great numbers of Round Towers. a1878 G. G. Scott (1879) II. 14 The Early Irish remains are mainly of three classes: the..domestic buildings of the monks; the oratories and churches; and the round towers. 2006 20 iv. 26/1 The early medieval daimhliag or cathedral,..rivalled only by the round tower with its unique ground-floor doorway. 1663 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin (new ed.) iv. vi. 343/1 (caption) The Fenestra Rotunda, round window. 1718 J. Chamberlayne tr. B. Nieuwentyt I. xiii. §7. 249 There are yet two Openings in..the Drum [of the ear]: the first of 'em are called the Oval Window... The other is called the Round Window. 1892 E. R. Lankester tr. E. Haeckel (ed. 4) II. 302 All Amnionate animals have a so-called cochlea in the organ of hearing, and a ‘round window’ corresponding with it. 1992 8 Dec. 12/7 It was possible that the pressure change during the dive had damaged the ‘round window’ just behind the eardrum. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > other systems of ploughing 1741 W. Ellis May ii. 21 We plow our Ground into broad Lands of nine Steps broad each, by some called round Work, by which a Water-Thorough lies on each Side of it, and a small Ridge or Rising in the Middle. b. In the names of plants with round leaves, roots, fruits, etc. See also roundwood n. 2. ?a1425Round Aristolochia [see round aristolochia n. at Compounds 2b(b)]. 1597Round radish [see round radish n. at Compounds 2b(b)]. 1704 Nat. Hist. ix, in L. Wafer (ed. 2) 241 Round Adam's Apple. Its Flowers five leaved with Purple Veins; the Fruit round, smooth, and when ripe yellow. 1704 Nat. Hist. ix, in L. Wafer (ed. 2) 248 Round Edder. Has a round cordated Milky Leaf; the Root of an Onyon size, yellow within, but reddish without. 1756 J. Hill 66 (heading) Round Pimpernell. Samolus. 1814 R. J. Thornton (ed. 2) 8 Round Kæmpferia... Kæmpferia rotunda. 1832 J. Rennie 159 The Round tip (D. rotundana..). ‘Wings six lines, very bluntly rounded, smoke-coloured.’ 1893 R. J. Dunglison (ed. 21) 301/2 C. rotundus, Syriacus, or tetrastachys, round cyperus. 1991 J. A. Duke & J. L. du Cellier 28 Round cardamom..is reported to tolerate shade. 1999 P. Valder 251/2 The round kumquat is similar to the Meiwa kumquat but its fruits are usually globose. (b) the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > birthwort > [noun] ?a1425 (?1373) (1938) f. 65v (MED) Also take þis erbe and ronde Astrologi. 1577 i. xxix. 72 The worthy Albertus reporteth of the rounde Aristolochia wyth the field Frog, and a certaine proportion of writing Incke diligently laboured, and mixed with these, to make the Serpentes immediately to quayle as deade, if any of the myxture bee written wythall, and throwen before them. 1668 G. Hartman tr. K. Digby 118 Take fine Sugar four ounces, round Aristoloch cut in Rols, pare of their shells, and wash them three or four times in white Wine. 1874 7 107 Ainslie says that among the Arabs the name denotes to this day the round Aristolochia. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > birthwort > [noun] 1551 W. Turner sig. D.vi It [sc. Aristolochia rotunda] may be called in Englyshe..round byrthwurte: because it helpeth wymen to brynge furth theyr byrth. 1649 N. Culpeper 176 Take..Pine Nuts an ounce, Hysop, Maidenhair, Orris, Nettle seeds, round Birthwort, of each one dram and an half. 1747 8 Sept. 1/2 Take of Round Birthwort, and Paul's Bettony, each eight Handfuls. 1828 R. Thomas (ed. 8) 219 Some years ago, the Portland powder, (a compound of bitter ingredients, viz. equal parts of the roots of round birthwort and gentian,..and of the tops of the lesser centaury, all dried,) was much used by gouty people. 2001 M. J. Eadie & P. F. Bladin xvi. 175 A variety of herbs could be prescribed (agaric, hartwort, the fruit and root of cow-parsnip, round birthwort), and the legs were scarified repeatedly. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc iii. vii. 355 They built a little Bark,..victualled with the round corne of the countrey, they call Mays. 1705 R. Plot (ed. 2) ix. 208 They take care that it be handsom round Corn, of an equal Size, which some of them call Even-shooting Corn. 1883 July 106/2 In crossing a large round corn with a very much wrinkled variety..the cross has appeared, not in a uniform blending of the parental forms. 1906 Apr. 107/3 Round corn is to a certain extent preferred to the flat varieties by the British trade. 1932 34 713 The first creation mentioned has reference to..perfect kernelled corn and round corn. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Polygonaceae (dock and allies) > [noun] > dock and allies the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Malvaceae (mallows and allies) > [noun] 1526 sig. Oi To rype apostumes stampe the rounde docke and put it in oyle or in grese and lay to them. 1683 T. Tryon xvi. 522 Round docks. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. I. 27 The great, common round Dock, which many People cultivate. 1825 J. Jennings 64 Round-dock, the common mallow; malva sylvestris... The round-dock leaves are used at this day as a remedy..for the sting of a nettle. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > birthwort > [noun] 1548 W. Turner sig. B.ij Aristolochia is of three sortes. The fyrst..may be named in englishe round Oster Luci or astrolochia, or round hertworte. 1607 E. Topsell 345 Take of Aristoloch, otherwise called round Hartwort one ounce. 1727 B. Langley 71 The first is the white Kidney Potatoe, so called, in regard to its form... The second is the white round Potatoe. 1785 T. Jefferson 68 The following were found in Virginia when first visited by the English... Maize. Zea mays. Round potatoes. Solanum tuberosum. 1807 XVIII. 220/2 Sets of the early round potato. 1837 Mar. 698 The round potato is indiginous [sic] to this continent, although improperly called the Irish potato. 1863 30 Nov. 6/2 The kidney and round potatoes form quite a show by themselves. 1911 1 26 It is not improbable that..the allelomorphic pair to the character manifested in the ‘round’ potato is length of axis. 1913 C. Johnson 209 The ‘white’ or ‘round’ potatoes as they called the Irish variety, were six inches high. 1994 L. N. Robertson (ed. 2) xii. 99 Round potatoes have a high moisture content that accounts for their waxy appearance. 2007 (Nexis) 14 Sept. Toss onions, sweet potatoes, round potatoes, leeks, parsnips, celery root and squash with the olive oil in a very large mixing bowl. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > radish the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > radish 1572 J. Higgins (rev. ed.) Rape, or radyshe, rounde of limosyn, Bunias,..Raue ronde de limosin. 1597 J. Gerard ii. v. 184 Raphanus orbiculatus. Round Radish. 1611 R. Cotgrave Rave ronde,..the round Raddish. 1858 W. Baird 467/1 There are two very distinct varieties, one of which, R. sativus radicula, is the common radish, which again is split into two other varieties, the spindle-shaped and the round radish. 1993 R. Phillips & M. Rix 56/2 The round radish first appeared in the eighteenth century, and the red skins at about the same time. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > turnip > types of the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > turnip > types of 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner 379 Take the iuice of a round Rape beaten in a morter. 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet xxiii. 229 Rapæ rotunde. Turneps..are nothing but round Rapes, whereof heretofore we writ in this Chapter. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > turnip > types of the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > turnip > types of 1599 R. Gardiner sig. B2 There be sundry kindes of Turneps..but the best kinde for the common wealth, is the large round Turnep, which are but of late come to this Countie of Salop. 1699 T. Brown tr. Erasmus 8 Their Roots differ much from ours; they have no round Turnips, but long ones. 1788 31 The red, white, or green Round Turnips, twice hoed, for Spring Feeding. 1877 F. W. Burbidge 210 Third species or type, B. rapa, or Turnip: 1st race, B. rapa depressa, Common Round Turnip. 1984 M. Lawrence 152/2 September... Round turnips may still be sown and still make a crop. c. In the names of fishes and other animals. See also roundfish n. 2, roundworm n.1681 N. Grew i. §vi. i. 139 The round Sea-Urchin or Button-Fish. Echinus orbicularis. 1704 Nat. Hist. iv, in L. Wafer (ed. 2) 208 The Round Land-crab. Runs side-ways, and swiftly. 1895 30 July 9/1 Mananosay, maninose (Maryland), man-of-noses (North Carolina), names for the round clam. 1999 9 Dec. 23/2 Part of the massive deaths..may have been largely due to a round worm (or a nematode or helminth) called Haemonchus contortus. (b) 1842 J. E. De Kay iv. 268 The fish described above [sc. the saury]..appeared to be little known to the fishermen, who..called it the Round Herring. 1867 T. F. De Voe 298 Saury, round herring.—A fine specimen of this sea fish was presented to me. 1873 in 14 (1878) 32 Etrumeus teres... Round herring. Cape Cod to Havana. 1926 1 5 Dussumieriidae. The Round Herrings. 1997 G. S. Helfman et al. xiv. 226/2 The Clupeidae..includes 181 species of herrings, round herrings, shads, alewives, sprats, sardines, pilchards, and menhadens. 1836 J. Richardson III. 292 The suckers of Cuvier, or cyclostomes (round mouths) of Dumeril, forming the second family of the cartilaginous fish with fixed gills. 1886 May 618/3 The round-mouths, such as the lamprey, which differ from all other vertebrates in the constitution of their mouth. a1933 J. A. Thomson (1934) I. ii. 21 Primitive Classes: Round-mouths, Lancelets, Sea-squirts, and Enteropneusts. 1997 G. S. Helfman et al. xiii. 198/2 Although traditionally treated as related orders in the subclass Cyclostomata (round mouths), similarities in the body morphology of modern hagfishes and lampreys are likely the result of convergent evolution. 1681 N. Grew i. vi. ii. 144 The Round-Oyster with similar sides produced from an oblique Navle. 1845 48 278 Ostrea Virginica, Gmel., common round oyster. 1938 9 Dec. 546/2 Round oysters have heavy shells with both valves cupped. 1803 2 347 In the Eriox [the tail] is truncated, and even a little rounded; for which reason it is known among our fishers by the name of the Round Tail. 1847 T. T. Stoddart 231 The eriox or bull-trout..ascends Annan, where it is called a round-tail by the fishermen. 1896 47 227 Gila Robusta... Round-tail. 1952 G. F. Hervey & J. Hems 282 Round-tail. The caudal fin is evenly rounded, almost circular. 1966 11 317 Gila robusta Baird and Girard, roundtail chub. This large minnow was taken..at Stations 5–7. 1995 9 Apr. (Post Mag.) 9/1 Several native fish are gone—the Colorado squawfish, roundtail chub, bonytail chub and razorback sucker. 2001 Feb. 16/3 The common Guppy strains..are generally characterized by their colour and the type of tail... A few of the most common include fantail, veiltail,..and roundtail. 1870 W. H. Dall 579 (table) Fresh-water Fishes of the Yukon... Coregonus nasus? Pall. Round Whitefish. 1921 No. 90. 2 The fish..closely resemble the round whitefish or menominee (Coregonus quadrilateralis). 1994 S. Perich 17 Lake Superior has two species of whitefish: lake whitefish and round whitefish (menominee). 1832 J. Rennie 114 The Round Wing (C. rotundaria..). Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-fourth, snow-white, rounded. 1900 32 292 A curious way in which veins have become bent..has been detailed in my papers on the ‘Round-wing’, Pseudopontia paradoxa. 1972 E. C. G. Pinhey vii. 43 Beginners in the study of Saturniidae often overlook the Roundwings and some of the other small species. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). roundv.1 Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Dutch rūnon to whisper (Middle Dutch rūnen , ruynen to whisper, to take counsel in secret, to address (a person) in a whisper, Dutch (now regional: Flanders) ruinen , †ruynen to whisper (obsolete), (regional: Flanders) to mumble, to murmur), Old Saxon rūnon to whisper (Middle Low German rūnen ), Old High German rūnēn to whisper (Middle High German rūnen , German raunen ), Old Swedish runa to whisper, and (with i-mutation of the stem vowel) Old Icelandic rýna to enquire, to converse < the same Germanic base as roun n. Compare also Old English rēonian to conspire, plot, perhaps < an ablaut variant of the same Germanic base (see roun n.).The β. forms show the late Middle English development of an excrescent d after final -n (compare bound adj.1, sound n.3, etc., and see further E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §436). Now archaic and historical (chiefly Scottish in later use). 1. the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > speak in a particular manner [verb (intransitive)] > whisper α. OE Ælfric (St. John's Oxf.) 217 Susurro ic runige..and hic susurro ðes runere oþþe wroht. OE (1910) xl. 8 Simul in unum sussurrabant, Omnes inimici mei aduersum me cogitabant mala michi : samod on annysse hyspton uel runedon ealle fynd mine ongen me þohton yfylys me. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris (1873) 2nd Ser. 213 (MED) Þanne cumeð þe werse and runeð wið here eiðeres þanc. c1275 Lutel Soth Serm. (Calig.) l. 59 in R. Morris (1872) 188 Ȝungemen..And..maidenes..At chirche and at cheping..runeþ to-gaderes and spekeþ of derne luue. c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1188 in C. Horstmann (1887) 140 (MED) He rounede in is wiues ere and tolde hire al is þouȝt. c1330 in T. Wright (1839) 326 (MED) Coveytise..wole..bringe the bishop silver, and rounen [?c1400 Peterhouse rown] in his ere. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) ii. 47 Whan thei rounen in hire Ere. a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xl. 8 in C. Horstmann (1896) II. 173 (MED) Againe me rouned [L. susurrabant] al mi faas stille. 1415 T. Hoccleve Addr. to Sir John Oldcastle l. 93 in (1970) i. 11 Rowne in the preestes ere & the greuance Of thy soule meekly to him confesse. ?c1450 tr. (1906) 40 He turned towarde the peple, & sawe hem roune, iape, counsaile, and iangle, eche with other. a1500 (?a1450) (Harl. 7333) (1879) 80 (MED) Þe porter..yede to themperesse & rownyd with her. 1548 f. xxijv The duke rouned with the Maire and sayed, this is a marueileous obstinate scilence. 1570 P. Levens sig. Siv/2 To Roune, in aurem loqui. a1586 King Hart l. 748 in W. A. Craigie (1919) I. 278 Sadnes come in and rownit in his eir. a1689 W. Cleland (1697) 99 Then some began to hark and rown. 1920 A. Gray 16 They roun to themsels sae sadly O' a love that can never dee. the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > shrill quality > sound shrill [verb (intransitive)] > whistle tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) vi. 156 (MED) Holde out wynde, although he rowne or crie. 2. transitive. Frequently in to round in a person's (also the) ear. the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > whisper the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > whisper > address in a whisper α. OE Ælfric (Julius) (1900) II. 60 Me is eac gesæd þæt ða iudeiscan syrwiað, and runiað him betwynan hu hi þe berædan magon. lOE Distichs of Cato (Trin. Cambr.) x, in (1972) 90 6 Þeah þe monn hwelces yfeles on hlige, & þu ðe unscyldigne wite, ne rex ðu hwæt hi ræden oððe runien [L. si quis tacito sermone loquatur]. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) v. l. 2460 The mannes herte anon is there, And rouneth tales in hire Ere. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) Prol. l. 241 What rowne ye with oure mayde, benedicte Sire, olde lechour, lat thy Iapes be. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve (Harl. 4866) (1897) 1273 Seint Ambrose..Anon right rowned to his compaignye, ‘Sires, it is tyme þat we hennes hye.’ a1450 tr. Aelred of Rievaulx (Bodl.) (1984) 3 (MED) Be wel war that no messanger..rowne venym in thyn ere. c1460 (?c1400) 2002 (MED) How he was begilid, þurh-out al the town Þer & þer a coupill gon to speke & to roune. 1530 (Fawkes) (1873) i. 47 I rowned to the in the quyer halfe wordes, & therfore I am byden to satysfaccion. 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil iv. f. lxxxiiiv This ilk cursit fame, we spak of ere Bare to the amouris quene, noyis and gan roune The schips ar grathand, to pas thay mak tham boune. 1568 (a1500) Freiris Berwik 184 in W. T. Ritchie (1930) IV. 266 Scho rownis than ane pistill in his eir. 1625 H. Holland sig. C2v Least when Report this in her eare hath rouned Your Country with her teares, and theirs be drouned. 1638 R. Baillie (1841) I. 75 He keeps his old wife plainnesse, for he rownes not that he avowed to the king his necessity to leave Scotland for feare of his life. 1683 E. Hooker in J. Pordage Pref. Epist. 81 When thei rown in their maids ears so frequently and fiercely, What slow haste make yee? 1721 A. Ramsay xiii I..Roun'd in his lug, that there was a Poor country Kate [etc.]. 1893 G. MacDonald 388 The waukin' man i' the sleepin man's lug Wud rown a murgeon o' micht. α. c1430 N. Love (Brasenose e.9) (1908) 106 Sche..rowned hym in the ere and seyde, ‘My dere sone, [etc.].’ a1500 Bk. Curtesy (Adv.) in (1886) 9 52 (MED) Loke þou rowne [v.r. rownde] no man in þo eyre. 1535 Job xxxiii. 15 In dreames and visions of the night season..he rowneth them in the eares. 1597 Bp. J. King xi. 145 They shal even feele themselues to be touched, and so closely rounded [1611 rouned] in the eare, as they cannot deny their offence. 1649 R. Hodges 18 She went round about, and rowned him in his ear. the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > whisper > whisper something to a person 1579 S. Gosson Apol. Schoole of Abuse in f. 91v His Pypers were ready too rounde him in the eare, what hee should speake. 1604 T. Middleton sig. D3 This ramish Penny-father I rounded in the left Eare..the place and houre. 1688 53 We have oft of late been rounded in the Ears, That the Priests Lips do keep Knowledge. 1821 C. Lamb in Jan. 6/2 He slily rounded the first lady in the ear, that an action might lie against the Crown. 1868 R. Browning II. iv. 27 Then round us in the ears from morn to night..That you are robbed, starved, beaten and what not. the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > whisper > into the ear 1624 F. Quarles vii. 13 Did Record ever round thine eare, That God forsooke the heart, that was sincere? 1662 J. Wall 80 Give me leave to round your eares, and to rouse your Spirits as a Sonne of Thunder. the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] 1653 S. Fisher 98 Yet see how he rounds them up as having no part nor portion in that matter. 1684 M. Prance 6 She rounding him up for broaching such false Stories against me. a1716 R. South (1744) IX. 169 The spirit rounds them up with this short advice. 1893 B. Nye (new ed.) 179 You remember..how he rounded me up for not sending him those goods? †3. the mind > language > speech > conversation > converse [verb (intransitive)] a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris (1873) 2nd Ser. 107 (MED) Þat godes giue is betere þe alimeð þe man of fiffolde mihte; his egen to sen..to runien his muð. c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) 4 (MED) Of a kniȝt ich wile ȝow roune. a1400 (a1325) (Fairf. 14) 14922 (MED) For-þi in rime wille we roun. c1450 (a1400) (Calig. A.ii) (1969) l. 465 (MED) Wyth þe we denkeþ roune. c1460 (?c1400) 1076 (MED) Of Beryns wildnes gon [they] speke & eke roune. the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) 162 Þe mesager..Þe leuedi..fond in hire bour..And gan to roun, ‘Dame..I þe tel Þat emperur þe grette wel Wiþ loue mest.’ a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 28110 (MED) Oft ic ha roued [read roned] soth or lese þat i wyst noiþer queþer it wese. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 123 I wol yow rowne How sire Thopas..Is come agayn to towne. ?a1475 (1922) 374 (MED) Rapely ȝe renne ȝour resonys to rowne. a1500 (a1460) (1897–1973) 283 (MED) I taght hym a newe play..it was to rowne That he shuld lay his hede downe. †4. the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > give advice [verb (intransitive)] > give or take advice the mind > language > speech > conversation > converse [verb (intransitive)] > confer, consult, or deliberate c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) 2901 Belin & Brennes buȝen heom fram þan fuhte wih-innen are muchele dic..Þer-innen heo speken, þerinne heo runden [c1300 rouneden]. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) 9650 Cnihtes gunnen runen, cnihtes gunnen ræden. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. v. 176 (MED) Þei Risen vp Raply and Rouneden [v.rr. rownede, rownedyn, rounden, roundyn, rouned, rounyd, rownen, rownys] to-gedere. a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) v. 549 Perseueraunce, who list muse & rowne, Graunteth to them..The triumphe. c1500 (?a1475) (1896) 142 (MED) He rownyd with Mynos to know what was to do. the mind > language > speech > speak [verb (intransitive)] > speak of or mention the mind > language > speech > conversation > converse with [verb (transitive)] > discuss or confer about c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) 4917 Al niht heo runden [c1300 rounede] whæt heom weoren to ræde. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) 12420 Þer men gunnen rune [c1300 rouny]..wulc andswere he ȝiuen wolde Luces þan kaisere. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 19713 (MED) Þair redes þar-for can þai run [Gött. rune], Wit þe kepers o þat tun. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius (1858) II. 629 Syne quietlie togidder tha did roun The fassoun how he wald gif ouir the toun. 1621 D. Calderwood 116 The delinquents are sent for, if they can round over the matter with the bishop, or his chancellour, or vicar, there is no more of the matter. 1637 S. Rutherford (1863) I. 294 Oh how many black accounts have Christ and I rounded over together in the house of my pilgrimage! c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) 6583 Heo redden, heo runden [c1300 rouneden]..Þat Ambrosie heo wolden habben..to kinge. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) 8483 He þe wolde runen [c1300 segge] selest ræden hu þu mihtest þis weorc makien strong. the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry or shout [verb (intransitive)] a1325 (Arun.) (1857) 152 (MED) Le leoun rugist [glossed] rounes. c1400 (?c1380) l. 64 (MED) Goddes glam to hym glod..With a roghlych rurd rowned in his ere. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). roundv.2Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: round adj. Etymology: < round adj., perhaps after Anglo-Norman runder, Middle French, French (now chiefly regional) rondir to revolve (c1200 in Anglo-Norman), to make round (1246 in Old French; in Old French also (with change of conjugation) as reonder , roonder ; the more usual French verb in these senses is arrondir : see below). Compare Middle Dutch, Dutch ronden , Middle High German (in late sources) runden (German runden , †ründen ), Danish runde (18th cent.), Swedish runda (late 17th cent.), all in similar senses. Compare earlier royn v. and its French etymon.In sense 11a after Middle French arondir (earliest attested in quot. ?1533 in this sense; c1265 in sense ‘to make circular or spherical’; Middle French, French arrondir ; < a- ad- prefix + rond round adj.). I. To become or make round in shape or form. 1. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > make round [verb (transitive)] the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] > privately a1400 (a1325) (Fairf. 14) l. 7531 He toke v. stanes rowned wiþ gynne [Vesp. rond o quin; Gött. þar war round, Trin. Cambr. rounde] and put ham in his skrip wiþ-in. c1450 tr. G. Deguileville (Cambr.) (1869) 133 (MED) I am the olde angry, the euele kembed, the evele tressed, the irchownes douhter rownded to gideres wiche roundeth him for vertu. ?1521 A. Barclay sig. C A poete..scant is worthe a knyfe his pype to mende To rounde the holles to clense or pyke the ende. 1589 ‘Marphoreus’ sig. C4v This generation is like the Iuie, that from the roote groweth vp, and roundeth it selfe, as it were for pure loue; about the Elme. 1608 E. Topsell 146 This Serpent..climbeth vppe into trees where it roundeth it selfe round into a circle. 1670 J. Pettus 41 The Moniers, who are some to sheer the Monie,..some to round it, and some to stamp or coin it. 1733 S. Humphreys tr. N. A. Pluche I. i. v. 133 They knead the whole into a Paste, and then round it into a Ball. 1768 A. Catcott (ed. 2) iii. 288 Shells, Corals and Stone must have been rounded or brought to this unnatural, spherical, figure by some external force or agency. 1847 Ld. Tennyson ii. 42 On the lecture slate The circle rounded under female hands With flawless demonstration. 1876 J. Tyndall (ed. 5) ii. vii. 547 What rounded the sun and planets? 1912 G. Iles 105 A stone was rounded into a wheel, mounted on an axle, and bidden to grind blades of iron. 1995 Sept. 80/3 Knead the surface of the dough several times on an unfloured surface to round it into a ball. the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > form curved surface [verb (transitive)] > make convex the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > form cylinder [verb (transitive)] > form into cylinder 1678 J. Moxon I. ii. 29 Hammer down the corners of..this shank..and round it as near as you can with the hammer. a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in (1721) I. iii. 539 The figures on several of our modern Medals are raised and rounded to a very great perfection. 1789 J. Adam I. iii. 224 A labourer should follow with a spade.., rounding the edges as he goes. 1824 W. Deykes 15 The friction of the iron destroys the angles, and shortly rounds the top of the stones. 1876 IV. 43/1 When the glue is quite dry the back is rounded by beating with a hammer. 1934 Dec. 102/3 For stakes, it is quicker to rip out irregular square pine strips, rounding them with a file. 1973 R. J. Chorley et al. xxii. 534 Finally, the sharp ridges of the quiescent mass are rounded and lowered. 2005 S. A. Olesin xviii. 129/2 Regardless of which shape, ease the edges by rounding them to make them more durable. 2. society > trade and finance > money > mutilating coin > mutilate coin [verb (transitive)] c1400 (Rawl. B. 171) 181 (MED) Kyng Edward..chaungede his mony, þat þo was foule cotte & rounded. 1602 W. Fulbecke i. 89 Such as clip, wash, round, or file mony, are only to forfeit their lands during their life. 1647 No. 11. sig. K3v An Order was this day made by the Lords in Parliament assembled for the putting in execution several Statutes made against counterfeiting, clipping, filing, rounding, washing, litening any of the Coynes of this Kingdom. the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify the hair [verb (intransitive)] > cut the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)] > cut the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)] > cut > a person c1450 J. Lydgate (1934) ii. 441 Dalida..With sheres gan his hede to rounde. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 183 (MED) Barbosus..was put from Yrlonde in that he did rownde the maydes after the consuetude of men. 1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in (1998) I. 213 I sall degradde the,..Ger round the hede, transforme the till a fule. 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil iii. xii. 80 b Barbours to shaue and rounde were instituted by the Abantes. 1548 f. xxxvj He was rounded shorter by the whole heade without attaynder or iudgement. 1577 R. Holinshed II. 299 To shaue theyr beards, to round their heare, and to frame themselues..after the Norman manner. 1611 Lev. xix. 27 Ye shall not round the corners of your heads. View more context for this quotation 1637 G. Gillespie iii. iii. 38 The law..simply forbiddeth to round the head. 1713 C. Place ii. 91 They had the same Superstitious Tonsure, or Humour of cropping and rounding their Hair, with our late Puritans. 1781 S. Peters 69 The Levitical law forbids cutting the hair, or rounding the head. 1809 May 182/1 They were prohibited from rounding their heads in cutting off their hair. 1874 Oct. 22 The party term, 'Roundhead', was probably derived..from the Puritans polling, or rounding, their heads. 1983 H. M. Russell & J. Weinberg in tr. M. Maimonides iv. 106 Manservants having beards were also forbidden to round their heads. the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the body > beautify (the body) [verb (transitive)] > cut the nails 1570 P. Levens sig. Siv/2 To Rond the nayls, putare. 1775 G. Colman in D. Garrick Prol. sig. A4 In sightly semicircles round your nails; Keep your teeth clean. 1891 May 186/1 She will spend an equal amount of time rounding her pink finger nails. 1915 C. W. Bardeen 124 He..began to manicure the hand, cleaning and rounding and polishing the nails. 1986 (Nexis) 16 July a2 Ingrown toenails are caused by rounding off the corners of the nail... Everyone knows this, but people round their toenails anyway. 1766 9 5 l. per Cent. will be given on the Value of the Skins so rounded, curryed, dressed and sold. 1816 Rep. Select Comm. Leather Trade 27 in (H.C. 386) VI. 1 Some of the tanners are in the habit of rounding their hides, and shaving them out of the limes. 1874 (U.S. Patent Office) 9 July 24/1 My present invention is intended as an improvement upon the machine for rounding leather. 1910 Nov. 48/1 When fleshed, the hides are rounded into butts of from four feet six inches long to five feet, according to growth, and in width about an inch of the flank is left in. 1990 R. H. Bradshaw 23 After soaking, the hides are rounded. the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping dogs or cats > [verb (transitive)] > crop ears 1781 P. Beckford v. 70 It may be better..to round them [sc. a dog's ears] at their quarters, when about six months old... Dogs must not be rounded at the time they have the distemper upon them. 1845 W. Youatt (1858) ix. 258 Some sportsmen are accustomed to round the ears, that is to cut off the diseased part. 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ 120/2 The Young Hounds will require to be Rounded,..an operation for the removal of a portion of their ears, so as to prevent their being torn by the briars and thorns. 1921 Ld. Willoughby de Broke ix. 94 The uniform appearance of a pack is enhanced by rounding all ears to the same length. the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)] tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 264 (MED) In the harde if that thow make a wounde, Adownward sumdel lenyng most hit rounde. 1613 T. Best Jrnl. 28 Jan. in (1934) 42 You shall see a high land in the country, somewhat like a table, but roundinge alofte. 1694 62 The South part rounds away in a Foreland: The South-shore rounds away South-east from this Foreland. 1711 W. Sutherland 45 If the Beams are required to round equal and alike. 1797 XVII. 411/1 In such a manner that the sheer rounds up, and the highest part is in the midships. 1859 J. G. Whittier 64 All the angles of its strife Slow rounding into calm. 1882 XIV. 183 The upper circular portion of the tope..began to round into a cupola. 1900 8 554 They [sc. arches in the Sun's corona] seemed to round up towards the eye as if having considerable volume. 1991 Jan. 43/2 The single piece [of a chair] rounds up into a back, bends at its waist, then wraps down to make legs. 4. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > be or become round [verb (intransitive)] the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > form curved surface [verb (intransitive)] > curve convexly a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. i. 17 The Queene..rounds apace: we shall Present our seruices to a fine new Prince One of these dayes. View more context for this quotation 1764 D. Garrick 10 Nov. (1963) II. 429 My cheeks are swelling, my belly rounding. 1774 II. 207 She has monstrous high cheek-bones, just rounded over in the middle with the ruddiness of a Catharine pear. 1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in 116 Here cloth'd and fed, no sooner he began To round and redden, than away he ran. 1850 Ld. Tennyson xliv. 67 So rounds he to a separate mind From whence clear memory may begin. View more context for this quotation 1893 19 Aug. 514/1 The little green apples grew and rounded and yellowed. 1912 Apr. 510/2 I guess she didn't know how she had rounded out in the mountain air. 1984 M. Llywelyn xii. 137 Taya was blossoming in his presence. She could almost feel her hips rounding, her breasts expanding. 2005 C. Martin 358 Katie's tummy had rounded, so she asked to wear one of my button-up flannel shirts. the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > [verb (transitive)] > develop or fill out to rounded form the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [verb (transitive)] > fat or plump the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > protuberance or rounded projection > make protuberant [verb (reflexive)] 1830 J. F. Cooper I. iii. 43 This peculiarity did not exceed the fullness which became her years, rounding her person and softening the outlines of her form. 1866 M. Oliphant II. 223 Your native air will soon round out your dear cheeks. 1872 O. W. Holmes ii. 49 The sail..swelled and rounded itself like a white bosom that had burst its bodice. 1919 R. S. Carroll xviii. 192 Six months passed..of..resistance to the returning health which was again rounding her form and glowing her cheeks. 1996 K. Michaels 72 Motherhood had rounded her a little, smoothing out a few of her youthful edges. 5. the world > animals > by habits or actions > habits and actions > [verb (reflexive)] > contract into ball 1793 W. Preston iii. i. 47 He..collects his limbs, and rounds his spotted back,—Springs forth. 1839 G. P. R. James I. iii. 72 Riquet..made a low but somewhat grotesque reverence to the good pastor, bending his head, rounding his back, and elevating his shoulders. 1862 Feb. 87/3 A cow lowers her head and rounds up her back, when she kicks. 1874 W. M. Davis xv. 182 When a sperm-whale ‘sounds’..it rounds the back in a high arch, and revolves as on an axis. 1904 M. E. W. Freeman 234 The cat rose lazily at his summons, rounding its back and stretching. 1978 Sept. 33 (caption) Common errors in the pose include rounding the spine..and understretching the legs. 1995 M. A. Gilders ii. 92 A single gray whale surfaced close by, rounding its broad back before leisurely fluking and sinking from view. the world > animals > mammals > order Cetacea (whales) > [verb (intransitive)] > miscellaneous actions of whale 1881 Apr. 309/2 The whale rounded up and sounded, running out our line..rapidly. 1891 Apr. 17/1 Again the whale spouted and ‘rounded’ to ‘sound.’ 1922 W. J. Hopkins xxxiv. 334 At that moment one of the whales rounded out directly astern, and head on. 1795 tr. J.-M. Roland de La Platière i. 150 A fine gentleman,..strutting as he walked, rounding his shoulders and swelling out his chest. 1838 A. M. Bureaud-Riofrey (ed. 2) 478 There are exercises and positions which, by rounding the shoulders, contract the pectoral cavity. 1881 Dec. 811/2 The act of sticking out the elbows..causes the arms to work at a mechanical disadvantage, and obliges the rider to ‘round’ his shoulders, which will naturally bring the weight forward. 1918 55 411 The very act of carrying a gun..is ruinous to good posture. The weight of it when carried for any considerable length of time by the same arm tends to make one stoop, rounding the shoulders and lengthening the arm. 1958 12 Jan. f15/3 Chronically bad posture thickens your waist, rounds your shoulders, and encourages your tummy to protrude. 2007 E. Amber iii. 24 She rounded her shoulders to foster the perception she was wizened beyond her years. 7. Now chiefly U.S.1821 Apr. 421/2 A group of gay aristocrats, curved and rounded into shape by that greatest of geniuses, Mr. Stultz. 1854 Jan. 476 First, there was mere matter, then matter rounded into form and put into the shape of land and seas. 1925 Oct. 6/2 The backyard training had proven its worth through rounding them into condition. 1950 11 Nov. 13/5 The disking plan is being rounded into shape by Tower topper Dick Bradley. 2010 L. Spatz & S. Steinberg xiii. 131 The Yankee pitcher talked him out of that, persuading Stewart that the warm weather would help round him into form. 1849 J. G. Whittier in 8 Feb. 23/2 The chaos of a mighty world Is rounding into form! 1897 26 Aug. 230/2 On him alone fell the responsibility of defending the reputation of American tennis while Wrenn was rounding into condition. 1913 1 Mar. 26/6 It is very true that the men have not rounded into form..but..a few of the more venturesome outfielders are shooting it to the plate. 1975 32 362 Louisiana rounded into shape and began to develop its potential only when the colony was ceded to Spain. 2006 R. Bradburd i. 18 Instead of rounding into condition by November, he got himself hurt and further behind. 8. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > make round [verb (reflexive)] 1822 W. Scott I. ix. 227 Guards, attendants of the court, and their acquaintances,..with eyes rounded by eager curiosity.., stood, with beseeming modesty, ranked against the wall. 1894 F. M. Elliot viii. 225 Her eyes rounded themselves in her head. 1919 Feb. 29/1 The short, fluffy blonde paused in the center of the room with blue eyes rounding in consternation. 1956 W. E. Stegner 148 She rounds her eyes to indicate how pleasantly difficult all this is. 2003 ‘L. Carlyle’ 207 The little girl's eyes rounded. Solemnly, she nodded. 1827 T. Carlyle tr. J. P. F. Richter in III. v. 194 The Enfeebled tried to lift her head, but could not,—and only rounded her lips. 1869 A. J. Ellis I. i. iii. §3. 161 By more or less rounding the lips while the lingual position is held. 1906 H. F. P. Battersby xvii. 228 She smokes a big white cheroot..which rounds her little mouth when she puts it in. 1969 22 Sept. 14/3 A Kwakiutl door post from Cape Commerell is sculptured in the form of a gigantic bear—a forest spirit—its lips rounded in a mysterious hooting cry. 1999 S. Anderson 88 Rounding her lips, she leaned farther in the mirror and carefully stroked the color onto her mouth. the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > vowel > furnish with or produce by vowel [verb (transitive)] > types of 1869 A. J. Ellis I. i. iii. §3. 162 Hence we have this relation..that (u) is almost (ə) labialized or rounded. 1890 H. Sweet 16 Back and mixed vowels..are rounded by lateral compression of the corners of the mouth and, apparently, of the cheeks. 1922 17 414 In British English..r is often rounded. 1973 lx. 38 All informants pronounced the stressed vowel of this word [i.e. bristle] with the /ɪ/ of six, neither backing nor rounding it. 2007 L. Samson xii. 176 I love how he rounds his vowels ever so slightly, an almost imperceptible slur on the final consonants. II. To move around, and related senses. 9. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > cause to move in circle or curve [verb (transitive)] > move in circle round something > cause to move in circle society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > get into the current of the wind [verb (transitive)] > luff or turn to windward the world > space > direction > direct [verb (transitive)] > turn (something) to a (different) direction > turn round a1460 (Pembr. Cambr. 243) l. 945 That can a spere..wel caste, And also fight and rounde [L. rotare] a sheld wel can. 1686 R. Blome xxxiii. 172 Then round your Dog Five, Six, or Seven times, to find where they are, as also that he may know his Duty. 1726 N. B. 374/2 To round a Horse upon a Trot, Gallop or not, is to make him carry his Shoulders and his Haunches roundly or compactly, upon a larger or smaller Circle, without traversing or bearing to a Side. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Mariana in South (rev. ed.) vii, in (new ed.) I. 92 The day..slowly rounded to the east The one black shadow from the wall. 1852 C. J. Lever xxxi ‘She's a stout boat to stand this,’ said Tom, as he rounded her off, at a coming wave. 1890 W. C. Russell III. xxxiv. 241 Rapidly averting his glance when she chanced to round her face towards him on a sudden. 1951 S. H. Bell i. xii. 78 She crossed the Square and found the cart still there... They climbed up and Hamilton rounded the horse's head into the homeward traffic. 2001 S. King x. 84 Gawain..swore and rounded his horse to face the crowd, placing his hand on the hilt of his sword. society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > make circuit of 1591 R. Greene To Rdr. sig. Bv I haue seene the world, and rounded it, though not with trauell, yet with experience. 1615 G. Sandys 84 A hundred Knights Circling the sad pile... Thrice it they round, Their weapons clash. 1667 J. Milton x. 684 While the low Sun To recompence his distance, in thir sight Had rounded still th' Horizon. View more context for this quotation 1707 J. Stevens tr. F. de Quevedo 268 I saw the Man round and round him, as a Dog does before he lyes down. 1730 J. Thomson Winter in 192 To thee..The muse..renews her song. Since has she rounded the revolving Year. 1799 R. Southey Eng. Eclogues in (1838) III. 169 With Cook he rounded the great globe. 1850 Ld. Tennyson lxi. 87 The circuits of thine orbit round A higher height, a deeper deep. View more context for this quotation 1895 Sept. 658/2 A baseball club has rounded the world. 1906 G. T. Stevens i. iv. 51 It [sc. the external rectus muscle] rounds the globe of the eye at the equator. 1980 B. Plain v. 48 He stood with the explorers, with Balboa sighting the Pacific Ocean and Magellan rounding the world. 2006 J. Haslett x. 238 We were rounding our third orbit of The Gyre. society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > pass round 1661 J. Boys 31 Better it is to round Pachynus cape, And thy course that way, (though about) to shape. 1720 D. Defoe 58 Having rounded the Cape, we hall'd away Southward under the Lee of the Island. 1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins 60 Keeping along Shore, and rounding every Bay. 1803 Ld. Nelson 23 May in (1845) V. 73 She rounded Ushant yesterday afternoon. 1869 H. F. Tozer I. 201 The road..penetrating from time to time into the mountain side to round a gorge. 1919 W. G. Chapman 88 As the enraged mother bear rounded the building a flying form darted inside. 1954 K. Amis xiii. 132 A car rounded the corner from the main road and stopped near him. 2005 8 Nov. ii. 3/1 The ship rounded the Horn of Africa. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > move in a circle or curve [verb (intransitive)] 1674 in (1881) VII. 89 A high way..to runn..betweene his other lands and soe roundinge about the side of the hill. 1679 J. Moxon I. ix. 153 These four Winding steps aforesaid, rounding one quarter about the Newel, turns your Face in your Ascent. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti II. 36/1 Those flutings..must round clear round the Column. 1752 H. Fielding III. viii. ii. 117 Booth had a little Mercy upon the poor Bailiff, when he found him rounding in this Manner, and told him he had made the Matter very clear. 1834 F. Marryat III. xvii. 222 We tore clear from her, and rounding to the wind, shot a-head. 1859 Ld. Tennyson 138 The men who met him rounded on their heels And wonder'd after him. 1924 J. Galsworthy i. xiii. 109 He rounded-in from the Embankment towards home. 1971 H. Abrams (1973) viii. 460 Coleridge..ends, characteristically, by rounding back to his point of departure. 2009 L. Jackson i. 15 He rounded to face the woods. the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deception by illusion, delusion > speech intended to deceive > beguile, cajole [verb (transitive)] 1854 A. E. Baker II. 182 I'll round her, and get the secret out before I've done with her. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > surround with a1513 W. Dunbar (1998) I. 199 Cuddy Rug, the Drumfres fuill, May him resaue agane this Ȝuill, All roundit, in to ȝallow and reid. 1597 W. Shakespeare iii. ii. 157 The hollow crowne That roundes the mortall temples of a king. View more context for this quotation 1629 tr. Herodian (1635) 253 Protracting the time, till his whole army had rounded them. 1648 T. Gage 57 A white mantle of lawn or cambrick rounded with a broad lace. 1698 J. Fryer 296 They rounding their Cook Rooms with small Furnaces. 1727 D. Defoe III. iii. 238 Part of the Town rounds the Sea, as the Wall rounds the Whole. 1765 J. Byron Voy. in J. Hawkesworth (1773) I. 77 We cut it [sc. a cable] into junk and bent a new one, which we rounded with old rigging. 1854 E. B. Browning iv How motionless Ye round me with your living statuary. 1872 G. MacDonald 12 Soon was she..rounded with dead glitter. 1981 A. Sillitoe 116 The air seemed fresher beyond Wilford village, where the smell of water lingered from the river which rounded it on three sides. 2007 D. Weinberger ii. 38 A planet is now a star-circling body large enough to be rounded by its own gravity. †11. the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard [verb (intransitive)] > act as or go on patrol society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > go on foot [verb (intransitive)] > round > in the course of duty ?1533 G. Du Wes sig. Giii v To ronde or go about, arondir. 1598 R. Barret iv. 115 The Gouernour..rounding extraordinarily is to giue the Word first vnto the Round. 1605 F. Bacon i. sig. B2v The wise mans eyes keepe watch in his head whereas the foole roundeth about in darknesse. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton iv. 685 Oft in bands While they keep watch, or nightly rounding walk.., thir songs Divide the night. View more context for this quotation society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > travel about > and survey 1611 in (1612) 87 The rounds from the Ports are to round the streets to take in charge that no disorders..at houres vntimely be committed. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán i. 70 Taking the care vpon him to round the house three or foure times aday. 1648 T. Gage 58 With two servants he would round the City. 1671 J. Dryden i. ii. 12 Prethee let's round the street a little; till Maskall watches for their Woman. a1734 R. North (1740) iii. vii. §93 577 Before I settled in my Quarters, I rounded the Crowd, to observe, as well as I could, what was doing. 1736 T. Carte I. 273 The vigilant governor..had caused all the watches to be twice or thrice rounded that night. 1766 J. Fleetwood iii. ii. 173/1 Having rounded the City six Days as they were commanded, on the seventh by Break of Day they compassed it seven Times. the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > herding, pasturing, or confining > [verb (transitive)] > round up 1865 Tucker 108 In the act of rounding some cattle for the purpose of yarding them. 1885 R. C. Praed 54 A stockman and a brace of black boys rounded the mob. 1907 A. McDonald 64 We soon rounded them [sc. Chinese miners] into a clump of screw pines. 1998 R. Selzer 30 She had found a few chickens ranging free... And rounded them into a corner of the shed. 1941 2 14 Early as it is women and old men are hunting for scraps of coal on the side of the incline. They have to be away before the police start to round. 1972 J. A. Parrish iii. 58 Myron and I made rounds each morning in the medical ward. The corpsmen rounding with us already had the fevers charted and the nursing notes up to date. 1983 L. Thomas xii. 129 I remember one such patient on a ward I rounded, an elderly, obese man. 2006 P. J. Manos & J. Braun x. 112 Some nurses are uncomfortable rounding with physicians. III. To make round (in the senses of round adj. II.). 14. the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > bring to an end or conclusion > appropriately or perfectly a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. i. 158 We are such stuffe As dreames are made on; and our little life Is rounded with a sleepe. View more context for this quotation 1674 N. Fairfax 73 These hidden working laws that round the world. 1739 tr. C. Boutet (ed. 4) xxvii. 21 Their Lights must be..finished, as the rest, by dotting, and rounding the Clouds. 1779 35 They..took such measures..as strongly indicated a design of..entirely rounding his possession of Silesia. 1848 L. Hunt x. 127 We shall round our subject by finishing the circle where we began it. 1895 M. Oliphant i. vi. 97 The history of the first dedicated household..is thus rounded into a perfect record. 1908 in R. W. Cutter III. 1335/2 His death..was widely mourned in many circles, his life having been well rounded by his numerous interests. 1999 R. W. Gutman (2001) xxxv. 754 Legend alone furnishes the picture of Mozart in relentless decline and rounding his life with a swan song taking the shape of a requiem. society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > elegance > compose elegantly [verb (transitive)] 1721 J. Swift 10 A quaint, terse, florid Style, rounded into Periods and Cadencies, commonly without either Propriety or Meaning. 1791 J. Boswell anno 1750 I. 123 His periods, though not diligently rounded, are voluble and easy. 1842 J. H. Newman V. ii. 23 The introduction..of serious and solemn words..to round, or to give dignity to, a sentence. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato (ed. 2) I. Pref. p. xii In framing an English sentence or in rounding a paragraph. 1922 1 Mar. 340/2 Cicero and the family are both more melodious when they have carefully rounded their periods in advance. 1990 K. S. Lashley in G. L. Shaw & J. L. McGaugh 133 The skilled extemporaneous speaker rounds his phrases and speaks with a definite though not regular rhythm. the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > use syntactic constituents [verb (transitive)] > end sentence, etc., with 1780 11 Apr. (1781) 3 211 He rounded this pathetical period with one of his best oaths. 1839 C. Dickens xiv. 123 Kenwigs was going to say ‘house’, but he rounded the sentence with ‘apartments’. 1883 F. M. Crawford xiii. 235 Having rounded it [sc. the conversation] neatly with a couple of anecdotes,..he rose to go. 1892 R. N. Carey i. 15 Miss Brown paused..breaking off without rounding her sentence. the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > change a number or quantity [verb (transitive)] > approximate 1840 W. H. Mill ii. 134 300 years: which, after every possible allowance for rounding the number, will give..a length mostly absolutely incompatible with the supposition of only two generations. 1887 133 33 The above numbers are rounded from Everett's values. 1935 C. N. Shuster & F. L. Bedford iv. 14 Round the following numbers to three significant figures. 1956 G. A. Montgomerie vii. 129 The usual rule is to ignore a digit less than five and to add one in the next place for five or more. 3·54 would be rounded to 3·5, 3·55 to 3·6. 1971 85 72 The loadings have been rounded to two figures. 2001 J. R. Gott 244 Since I will be referring to the speed of light through empty space often, I have rounded it to an even 300,000 kilometers per second. Phrasal verbs With adverbs in specialized senses. † to round aft society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > carry specific amount of sail [verb (transitive)] > trim sails > sheet or brace in c1625 (1921) 8 The Shetes serue to round aft the saile. 1750 298 The Wind blows a fresh Gale, round aft the Main Sheet, and Fore-sheets, square your Yards. 1836 W. N. Glascock I. 311 The main-purchase cast off from the fore-bits, and rounded aft, retaining sufficient length to reach the mizen-mast floating alongside. 1898 W. J. L. Wharton (rev. ed.) viii. 153 The rounding line is at once rounded aft again, ready for the slip to be again attached when the lead comes up. 1786 C. Hutton ix. 111 The lower side of the edges of the axis was sharpened off a little,..and made to turn in hollow grooves, which were rounded down at both ends. 1820 R. Monteath xxxi. 200 Dress the stool with an adze, rounding it down from the centre, close to the surface of the ground. 1888 4 43 The union might have been made by rounding down the capital to meet the shaft, or by a rounding up of the shaft to meet the capital. 1936 1 Jan. 13/1 As time went by and the sharpness of those old controversies began to get rounded down. 2006 M. Owens in M. Owens & D. Owens (2007) xxiii. 182 The feet of too many cattle had stomped the meadow to dust and rounded down the creek's once proud banks. society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > work ropes or cables in specific ways 1793 R. H. Gower vii. 71 Round down upon the lee-top-sail-haliards till the weather fly-block is high enough to bring the sail up over the guard-iron. 1860 A. H. Alston ii. 169 Round down on the lower halyards. 1937 A. M. Knight (ed. 10) 814/1 Round down, to overhaul a tackle so that the lower block will come down. 2000 R. Mayne 240 To round down is to overhaul a suspended tackle. the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > change a number or quantity [verb (transitive)] > approximate 1948 13 13 They did not know their exact age and perhaps rounded it down to a 30 from 31 or 32. 1971 9 Nov. 14 It is Post Office practice for telephone bill totals ending in ½p to be rounded down to the nearest whole penny. 1995 17 Dec. 52/4 Twenty years after decimalisation, cookery writers still have to be if not bilingual, biquantifing, rounding-up and rounding down as they translate from one code to the other. 2001 D. Stevenson i. 8 4004 BC was widely accepted as the date of the Creation of the world, but the freemasons found calculation somewhat easier if they rounded the figure down to 4000. transitive. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclosing or confining > enclose or confine [verb (transitive)] 1609 W. Shakespeare i. iii. 196 To weaken our discredit, our exposure How ranke so euer rounded in with danger. View more context for this quotation a1637 B. Jonson Sad Shepherd 150 in (1640) III With Caterpillers kells And knottie Cobwebs, rounded in with spells. View more context for this quotation 1841 R. W. Emerson 1st Ser. ii. 58 All the sallies of his will are rounded in by the law of his being. 1891 Oct. 439/2 All Kashmir is rounded in by petty tribal chiefships which occupy the higher valleys. 1906 H. Lowerison 51 All is rounded in with a great earthwork. 1936 July 70/3 The dial face must be rounded in with wax. 2006 (Nexis) 5 Sept. (Sport section) 47 The Bulldogs looked well off the pace in their defensive work and were easily rounded in by the Bombers. society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > carry specific amount of sail [verb (transitive)] > trim sails > sheet or brace in c1625 H. Mainwaring (Add. MS 21571) f. 115v They let rise the maine-tack..and hale aft the fore-sheate to ye Cat-head and the maine-sheate to the Cubbridge-head: this they call Rounding-aft, or Rounding in the Saile. 1769 W. Falconer at Rounding-in Round-in the weather-braces! 1825 H. B. Gascoigne 53 While some to ease the Tacks and Sheets are found, The Weather Braces in again they Round. 1846 A. Young Round in, to haul in on a rope; especially on a weather brace. To round in a Tackle, means to haul in the slack of it in a horizontal direction; the term round up is applied in a similar manner when the tackle is in a vertical or sloping direction. 1904 W. C. Russell xvi. 264 In a moment all was commotion and the clamorous throats of merchantmen, dragging upon down-hauls and rounding-in upon braces. 1984 J. Harland ix. 145/2 He [sc. Cradock] thought that beginners tended to round in too much. 2003 C. Wing & J. Austin (ed. 3) 165 To separate the blocks is to overhaul. To bring the blocks closer together is to round in. the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > bring to an end or conclusion > appropriately or perfectly 1822 S. A. Mackey 14 The three Syrens, which rounded in the year, proclaimed the sports during the three months of Water. 1889 Stevenson viii. 142 A martial swan-song, fitly rounding in the labours of the day. 1898 N. Munro x. 98 We might have been happy..rounding in the day with longer journeys in the moonlight. the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > herding, pasturing, or confining > [verb (transitive)] > round up 1874 W. Stamer II. 247 The others [sc. cattle] having been already rounded in, the second drive has been accomplished. 1900 15 May 3/3 Perhaps it would be difficult to find men better fitted to ‘round in’ Republican stragglers. 1984 I. Doig 236 Each morning the riders fanned out in half circles of about a dozen miles' ride and rounded in the cattle for sorting. 2007 H. A. Rosburg ix. 130 Cecile gazed into the distance, at the herds of the neighboring camps also being rounded in. 1. transitive. the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)] > so as not to be angular the world > space > shape > curvature > curve or bend [verb (transitive)] > so as not to be angular 1676 R. Hooke 5 Putty must not in any wise..be used, it being so very apt to round off the edges of pores or scratches. 1683 J. Moxon II. 75 The two upper corners of these Rails are rounded off that they may not mark the Paper. 1723 E. Chambers tr. S. Le Clerc I. 8 Vitruvius orders the Plinth of the Tuscan Column to be rounded off. 1775 J. Strange in (1779) 5 54 It was..a very general custom with the Romans to round off the angles, or corners, of the walls of these camps. 1814 W. Scott Diary 16 Aug. in J. G. Lockhart (1837) III. v. 200 The lower [stone]..is shorter, and rounded off, instead of being square at the corners. 1875 J. Lukin 62 Do not round off the upper edge of these. 1940 Sept. 7/1 As soon as the finished wing has dried thoroughly, round off the leading edge. 1961 A. 261 489 The walls of the brass tubes were rounded off on the inside at the articulated ends. 2005 No. 31. 77/2 Get more control by using the Median filter to round off unsightly edges. 1742 W. Clarke & W. Bowyer tr. Horace in tr. J. Trapp xxiii. 286 Great Faults are rounded off with oily Sneer, Not mall'able by Strokes the most severe. a1807 J. Opie (1809) iii. 113 By..gently rounding off his light..he [sc. Correggio] artfully connected the fiercest extremes of light and shadow. 1879 H. H. Boyesen ix. 17 It lends no kindly drapery of inherited history or sentiment to round off our glaring unplastic angularities. 1923 Feb. 171/1 Tartarin is Quijote with his roughnesses polished and his angles rounded off by three centuries of civilization. 1987 N. Ward (ed. 6) i. 19 Third [political] parties when young tend to differ sharply from all others, but the differences get rounded off. 2001 E. Lowell (2002) xix. 128 It would be worth the effort to round off a few of his rough edges. the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)] 1678 J. Moxon I. i. 5 The Heads of Pins that round off towards the edges. 1755 J. Smith iv. 117 Black letter..has two different r's, one of which is called the ragged r [?], and is particularly used after letters that round off behind. 1796 J. Sowerby (1797) I. Tab. XXXI The gills are invariably of a bright yellow, very partially fixed to the stem, rounding off in some degree from the pileus. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ 509 The back of it [sc. the discharging pallet] a little rounding off from the centre. 1887 Jan. 13/2 At length, as the road rounded off towards the west, Roger turned suddenly upon his companion. 1912 Nov. 211/1 A coat of graphite was spread..running aft in the form of a large oval to within ten feet of the stern, where it rounded off to the rudder. 1972 D. Haston ix. 100 Almost an ideal mountain panorama. Fitzroy, Poincenot and satellites rockily bounding the right, rounding off towards Pere Giorgio at the head of the valley. 2006 C. Elanchezhian & B. Vijaya Ramnath (ed. 2) ii. 119 Neutral or balance flame has a well defined luminous cone gradually rounding off towards the tip. 3. transitive. the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > bring to an end or conclusion > appropriately or perfectly 1748 S. Richardson V. xiii. 135 I gave him..a frown—as much as to say, Swear to it, Captain. But the varlet did not round it off as I would have had him. 1817 W. Scott I. i. 22 He had picked up..a convenient expression, with which he rounded off every letter to his correspondent. 1874 E. O. M. Deutsch 62 Prefacing, and rounding it off by an epilogue. 1907 E. von Arnim xi. 47 If supreme joy could be rounded off by death, death at the exact right moment, how easy things would be. 1962 S. Wynter xiii. 164 And always they rounded off the afternoon with Lady Harrington's condemnation of the island and its natives. 2002 A. N. Wilson xviii. 274 It was proposed that a tour of the Levant..should go ahead as a way of rounding off Bertie's formal education. 1789 T. Holcroft tr. Voltaire Let. in VIII. cccxlvii. 184 I know people who..would push forward beyond Belgrade, and who would round off their possessions; recollecting that..the circular figure is the most perfect. 1820 W. Scott Let. 31 May in J. G. Lockhart (1837) IV. xi. 376 It is £200 too dear, but..it rounds the property off very handsomely. 1876 E. A. Freeman V. 28 An unscrupulous grantee would sometimes round off his estates by seizing small parcels of land. 1900 A. J. Grant xvi. 173 France wished to round off her eastern frontier by the addition of Lorraine. 1963 B. Lewis ii. 27 The remainder of Mehemmed's reign was occupied with an unceasing series of military campaigns..to consolidate and round off his empire. 2000 H. Kleinschmidt ii. 50 The goal of rounding off territories as exclusive dominia under the government of one and the same aristocratic ruler was not immediately accomplished everywhere. the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)] > pleasantly 1824 Ld. Byron xx. 15 A conversational facility, Which may round off an hour upon a time. the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > change a number or quantity [verb (transitive)] > approximate 1862 W. P. Dickson tr. T. Mommsen I. ix. 480 The epoch between the king's flight and the burning of the city was rounded off [Ger. abgerundet] to 120 years. 1915 H. Andoyer in C. G. Knott 250 The result of a calculation rounded off according to this rule. 1945 J. P. Eckert et al. (PB 86242) (Moore School of Electr. Engin., Univ. Pennsylvania) b–5 The products ci are rounded-off to the same number of places. 1978 D. R. Green & J. Lewis ii. 21 Many calculators..round off automatically when displaying results. 2009 (Nexis) 10 Dec. 32 When you drive at 30 to 40km/h over the limit, the fine is $647. Why not round it off? society > communication > information > informing on or against > inform on or against [verb (intransitive)] 1857 5 Dec. 12/5 I'll have some more money, or else I'll ‘round’ on you. 1875 W. Besant & J. Rice III. i. 15 You know I would not be such a bad lot as to round on your cousin, whatever he's done. 1915 St. J. Ervine iii. 99 I 'eld my tongue all this time when I might 'ave said things, on'y I didden want to round on a pal. 2007 S. Geng Prol. 5 Sis just rounded on you like a jailhouse con. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > attack with hostile words or measures > suddenly the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > abuse [verb (transitive)] > suddenly 1880 28 Aug. 85/1 Lord R. Churchill ‘rounded on him’ (school-boy slang seems so appropriate to the proceedings of Lord Randolph) as ‘an old Tory’. 1918 W. B. Maxwell xxv. 203 There were always dogs ready to round on you, if you didn't keep them in order. 1966 24 Nov. 764/2 It may be possible to find a parallel in the work of other writers whose first impulse, as young men, was to round on society. 2001 13 Apr. ii. 2/2 Neil and I are rounded on by a bouncer in a neon vest. the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > bring to an end or conclusion 1856 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 8 Apr. in (1997) I. iv. 478 Her dream is half-accomplished now; and..the remainder may soon be rounded out. 1870 G. T. Curtis II. xxx. 219 All that a New-England garden could add..of fruit, or vegetable, and pastry, rounded out the dinner. 1926 29 May 1789/2 Presently we came away. The inquiry was rounding itself out. 1947 J. C. Rich Pl. 35/4 (caption) Rounding out the forms from the front of the sheet. 1979 5 Aug. i. 1/4 The third act very satisfactorily rounds out what has long been a frustrating, partially finished production. 2003 S. Berry (2006) xxvi. 151 A plaid flannel shirt and tan prairie boots rounded out the disguise. society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > specific flying operations or procedures > [verb (intransitive)] > descend > descend prior to landing > make descent less steep 1945 Dec. 10/2 Seeing an airplane flare high and round out smoothly for a full-stall landing. 1966 R. Bach Biplane in (2003) 207 Not now, you fool! We're rounding out too soon! 2002 D. Legg xxi. 276/2 The pilot failed to round-out early enough. the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close an aperture or orifice > by turning over the end 1800 Jan. 467 The cylindrical case should be made of clear glass neatly rounded over, and hermetically sealed at the end. 1895 22 Jan. 8/2 A new automatic machine, for rounding over, turning in, or closing cartridges. 1917 244 184 Did he have on hand at any time any machinery for rounding over or turning in the ends of cone tubes? 1993 (new ed.) xi. 486/2 Don't let the sander ride over the edges of the work or it will round them over. Nautical. society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > luff or turn to windward > in heaving to or stopping 1799 2 250 We immediately rounded to, and gave her a broadside. 1830 F. Marryat I. xiii. 199 The frigate..now prepared to round to. 1853 J. G. Baldwin 8 He [sc. Ovid] would..travel at every point of the compass,..some famous adventure always occurring just as he ‘rounded to’, or while stationary. 1890 W. C. Russell 458 As she rounded to, a whole green sea struck her full abeam. 1913 J. C. Mills iii. 37 The ship rounded to and sent an officer on board the Revenge to learn the character of her convoy. 1977 P. O'Brian iv. 88 Yet his anxious, worn expression did not lighten when she rounded to and lay there under the Raisonable 's quarter. 2007 D. Weber (2008) 622 Her single mast crashed over the side, and she rounded to as the wreckage dragged at her. to round up 1. 1581 sig. D. i Take the pouder of the Willowe sticke, finelie beaten and searsed with the whiche ioyne a little newe Silke, makyng it rounde vp like vnto a ball. 1694 42 Over the Cliff the Hill rounds up to the top. 1780 V. 3392/1 This should be laid rounding up in the middle, by which means the larger stones will run off to the sides, and may be raked away. 1883 July 201 As it rounded up from the blossom of the parent stem, in the early summer 1787, a bottle was drawn over it. 1915 20 Sept. 10/2 At the rear of the propeller it is slightly concave for a short distance, whence it rounds up again and tapers back to the stern. 1998 C. Mims (1999) iv. 102 The [dying] cell stops making its enzymes, can no longer keep the glucose fires going, and finally rounds up into a ball and falls to pieces. the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > make into curved three-dimensional shape [verb (transitive)] > make spherical or globular > form into spherical mass the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > gather in one mass or form lumps > accumulate > agglomerate or conglomerate > into a ball the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > make round [verb (transitive)] > by contracting or expanding 1615 T. Adams 71 Innumerable plagues of hell are rounded vp together in one. 1642 T. Fuller v. xviii. 429 He rounded himself up in his own prickles. 1737 xvii. 310 Get a Fillet of Veal, cut out of it five lean Pieces,..round them up a little, then lard them. 1771 D. Henry xxx. 426 This they do very dexterously by sloping down the sides, and throwing the mould lightly over the beds, and then rounding them up. 1845 1 90 Last of all with a road scraper, scrape on the loose earth and round it up over the drain. 1885 A. B. Hervey tr. J. W. Behrens i. 30 Here it [sc. a drop of water] will round itself up into a little hemisphere. 1927 Jan. 41/1 In its amœba phase..the strange animal can round itself up and surround itself with a protective membrane. 1992 H. J. Busscher et al. in L. F. Melo et al. v. 321 It appeared that cells tended to round up their shape as a response to increasing shear. 2006 B. Dojny iii. 132/1 When the fire is going well, throw all the sticks in to fill the hole and round it up. 2. Nautical. society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (intransitive)] > work ropes or cables in specific way 1766 T. H. Croker et al. III Rounding up a Tackle, the act of drawing the block or pullies together when no weight is suspended by it. 1834 C. Martelli 11 I will..bend the end [of the whip] into the fall with a bowline knot, and round it up to the man on the yard, who will cast it off. 1886 XXI. 604 Round up, to shorten up a tackle; to pull up a slack rope through a block. 1913 Aug. 159/2 To find men who can round up such a tackle, after launching a boat..is almost impossible today. 2000 R. Mayne 241 To round up is to take in the slack or a rope vertically. society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > luff or turn to windward > in heaving to or stopping 1854 7 Nov. 7/3 Admiral Dundas followed with most of his fleet, steering first southward and rounding up again. 1899 C. Morris xxxiv. 503 Dewey's fleet..rounded up in face of the Spanish fleet. 1947 A. Ransome viii. 111 The Sea Bear slipped on in silence towards the big white motor yacht... She rounded up perhaps forty yards away. 1991 S. Colgate iv. 109 On the approach, round up into the wind. 3. transitive. the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up > make up (a number) 1806 R. Cumberland I. 262 [Johnson added] ‘I want one of the dozen, and I must request Mrs. Cumberland to round up my number’. the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > change a number or quantity [verb (transitive)] > approximate 1874 E. Chamberlin 177 The population of Chicago..was 298,977—an enumeration by common consent so moderate, that we have no compunction in at least rounding up the figures to 300000. 1906 C. E. Sprague (ed. 3) ii. 17 If we prefer to use only six figures, we round it up to 1·125509. 1956 G. A. Montgomerie vii. 129 In a long calculation, all these increases may accumulate, and it is better to round some of them up and some of them down. 1963 Rep. Comm. Inq. Decimal Currency iv. 30, in (Cmnd. 2145) XI. 195 The custom with some of these goods is to round up, sometimes down, to the nearest halfpenny. 2008 (Nexis) 24 July 13 I could understand if they had rounded it up to the nearest penny, but this is just a rip-off. 4. the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > herding, pasturing, or confining > [verb (transitive)] > round up 1849 C. Sturt I. v. 228 At 9 P.M. we rounded up the cattle until the moon should rise. 1869 Aug. 126/2 At night they ‘round up’ or ‘corral’. 1891 C. Roberts 175 Before we turned in the horses were all rounded up. 1907 C. E. Mulford 15 They shore outer be here now. They rounded up last week. 1925 C. G. Bruce in E. F. Norton et al. 26 Kingston and I amused ourselves by trying to round up some kiang [sc. wild donkeys]. 1949 Oct. 18/1 I met some cowboys rounding up strayed horses. 2001 May 46/1 The ponies are rounded up in a ‘drift’ by the Commoners of the Forest. the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] the world > movement > transference > bringing > bring [verb (transitive)] > fetch 1873 26 June 328/1 A few years ago a railway firm rounded up all the men in its service. 1889 27 May 4/5 All the suspects will be rounded up for the coroner's inquest. 1910 June 384/1 I have seen groups of these unfortunates ‘rounded up’ and marched off to the nearest police~station. 1931 15 Oct. 6/3 The star-traders of the talkies have been out rounding up fresh material from which to carve the box-office idols of the future. 1975 P. G. Winslow vi. 136 I heard about your difficulty and immediately rounded up Cecil. 2005 J. Medlicott xv. 158 We've had times when the old furnace went out on us, and we just rounded up a couple of space heaters. the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals 1879 22 Oct. 3/7 Are you going to ‘round up’ at Maj. B.'s tonight? 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ (1891) 241 The..cattle..being permitted to round up on the camp. 1904 July 285/1 When we rounded up in the evening, seven trout were all I could show. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). roundadv.prep.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: round adj. Etymology: < round adj. Compare Middle Dutch ront , rond (Dutch rond ), adverb, German rund , adverb (early 16th cent.; in the standard language now only in sense ‘approximately’ and in the compound rundum round about), Old Swedish, Swedish runt , adverb and preposition, in similar senses, and also Middle Low German runt , runne frankly, directly. Compare slightly later round n.1, and also around adv., around prep. Compare also later round about adv., round about prep., all round adv., all round prep.In some later uses perhaps apprehended as aphetic < around adv. or around prep., and sometimes spelt with initial apostrophe to indicate this. Compare e.g.:1904 J. C. Lincoln Cap'n Eri xii. 223 Old Laban Simpkins that lived 'round here one time..was a mighty hard ticket. There is variation between around adv. and prep. in many of the senses below; in general round is more usual in British usage. A. adv. I. Expressing actual or implied motion. the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [adverb] > in form or manner of circle or ring c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2125 in C. Horstmann (1887) 167 (MED) Þe rede blod..Al round..orn a-boute is heued ase it were a dyademe. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 591 His heer was by his eerys ful rownd yshorn. a1500 ( Vision E. Leversedge in (1905) 9 29 (MED) I charge the that thou kutt thi here short and shewe thy face, and lett hit be kutt rownd with the ouer parte of thi eer. 1542–3 c. 6 Pinnes..shal..haue..the point well and rounde filled canted and sharped. 1580 T. Blundeville (rev. ed.) v. 40 b When the horse lieth down, he spreadeth himselfe abrode, not being able to lie round togither on his bellie. 1608 E. Topsell 146 This Serpent..climbeth vppe into trees where it roundeth it selfe round into a circle. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot ii. 92 [The vest] standing out round as if it had a Ring of Iron in it. 1704 J. Swift i. 40 [In the modern theatre] the Boxes are built round, and raised to a Level with the Scene. 1736 N. Bailey Gimbel, a kind of pastry work that is hard,..form'd round, and made in the shape of a ring. 1800 J. P. Mulcaile tr. F.-X. de Feller I. 248 A parcel of pebble-stones, cut round or square. 1890 1 197 A hairy larva..does not..curl itself round. 1904 L. F. Day 136 The Javanese artificer has simply rolled up guttapercha..into the thickness of stout wire, curled it round into spirals..and gilded the whole. 1985 T. McCreight 199 The end of the tang is filed round and threaded. 2006 A. Manguel tr. J. Sierra 134 The duke..wore his black hair cut round in the modern style. 2. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > [adverb] c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2126 in C. Horstmann (1887) 167 (MED) Þe rede blod..orn a-boute is heued ase it were a dyademe, And al-round þare-a-bouten it lay. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vii. 616 (MED) The schelle..Encloseth al aboute round What thing withinne an Ey belongeth. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iii. 1028 (MED) On euery half he was so be-sette With swerdis rounde. c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate (1901) 3763 (MED) This bed..Ys wors..Than the bed of Vulcanus, Al with cheynes rounde enbracyd. a1539 in J. C. Atkinson (1889) 341 The iii romys north therof seelyd round with waynscot. 1615 G. Sandys 234 The..principall houses were stucke round on the outside with lampes. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. ii. 171 Vntill my mis-shap'd Trunke, that beares this Head, Be round impaled with a glorious Crowne. View more context for this quotation 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus iii. x. 310 That most spacious citie..was girt-in round by Cæsar with workes, stakes, and a ditch. 1667 J. Milton vii. 90 How first began..the ambient Aire wide interfus'd Imbracing round this florid Earth. View more context for this quotation 1732 G. Berkeley I. i. i. 6 Fields planted round with Plane-trees. 1766 G. Bedford Insurance Surv. 5 Aug. in B. Franklin (1969) XIII. 380 East Room below wainscuted, with fret Cornish all Round, four pedements with frett Bedmolds. 1816 S. T. Coleridge Kubla Khan in 55 So twice five miles of fertile ground With walls and towers were girdled round. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in 63 My followers ring him round. 1893 C. G. Leland I. 36 A hall, hung round with many old family portraits. 1915 May 209 He enters the cool arena, bordered round with tier upon tier of semicircular stone seats. 1972 in C. Mango tr. Eusebius i. 11 The interior of the house of prayer..was made in the form of an octagon ringed all round with chambers. 1998 J. E. Goodman xix. 185 The churchyard was..fenced round with a low wall. the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adverb] > spirally 1611 R. Cotgrave Chantourné, turned round, as the shell of a snayle. 3. the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adverb] a1350 in R. H. Robbins (1959) 99 (MED) Þe whel ȝe torneþ to wo, fro wo into wele þat were, in þe ronynge rynge of þe roe þat renneþ so rounde. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius (Douce) f. 45v (MED) Þe slyngeres moot ben avised þat þey dryue her slynge wiþ hir stoon ones aboute here heued round or they kaste. 1522 (de Worde) (1909) sig. A.ii v Lo my toppe I dryue in same Se it torneth rounde. 1565 T. Cooper Roto, to tourne a thing rounde like a wheele. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) v. ii. 20 He that is giddie thinks the world turns round . View more context for this quotation 1672 R. Hooke in I. Newton (1959) I. 196 By turning the 2d prisme..round on its axis gently, ye colours on the floor, wall, or seeling would by degrees quite vanish. 1719 D. Defoe 248 The whole World is in Motion, rouling round and round. 1782 W. Cowper 41 Smack went the whip, round went the wheels. 1845 S. E. Morse 7/1 The earth..spins round on its axis, like a top, once every day. 1869 J. Ruskin i. §39 Their [sc. dolphins'] black backs roll round with exactly the slow motion of a water-wheel. 1923 D. A. Mackenzie iii. 25 Trees are so apt to roll round in water. 1986 M. D. Hahn viii. 89 The little wheels in his brain were spinning round and round. 2008 R. Raisin xxii. 169 I had a picture of her sat on a hump of ground,..the bracelet turning round and round in her fingers. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [adverb] the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > moving in circle or curve [phrase] > in circular course 1565 T. Cooper at Orbis To go rounde or in a rynge. 1611 R. Cotgrave at Circulation The vapour..seemes to goe round, or circle-wise. 1694 G. Stanhope tr. Simplicius xxxviii. 369 They go round in a Circle, till at last they return to the point from whence they set out at first. 1753 W. Smith tr. Thucydides I. iii. iv. 278 The Peloponnesians having formed a circle, the Athenians sailed round and round, and endeavoured to break their order. 1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere i, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge 9 The Marineres gave it biscuit-worms, And round and round it flew. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato III. 349 Thus we go round and round in a circle and make no progress. 1898 A. B. Gomme II. 143 Round and round went the gallant, gallant ship. 1912 G. P. Serviss iii. 154 As it moves round in its orbit the moon keeps the same face toward the earth. 1977 26 Dec. c8/2 The music sells the movie. The movie sells the albums. The TV and radio and newspapers sell both. Round and round we go. 2007 R. Negri & N. Harris iii. 136 He seems to get worried on this roundabout, going round fast with the other children. c. With reference to the cyclical nature of time. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) v. iii. 23 Time is come round, And where I did begin, there shall I end, My life is run his compasse. View more context for this quotation 1684 T. Creech tr. Theocritus 99 He stains red Altars with a Thousand Beasts As Months roul round, and bring the solem Feasts. 1743 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace II. iv. xi. 21 Mecænas counts a length of years To roll in bright succession round. 1799 Aug. 400 Weeks, months, and years roll round. 1862 30 Jan. 541 Some four weeks went round, during which my patient was limping about the camp. 1888 G. J. Younghusband v. 85 And so the happy days spin round. 1945 P. Sargent 528 As the centuries roll round, mankind..puts the old and discarded behind. 1988 R. Silverberg ix. 200 And so the seasons went round... Time passes, and we all grow older. 2002 27 Sept. 13/1 I've written about Michaelmas Goose before—how the years roll round! 1684 J. Dryden tr. Virgil in 31 Saturnian times Rowl round again. 1746 P. Francis tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace ii. i. 289 As the year brought round the jovial day. 1789 June 428/1 The anniversary of the Emperor's birth-day came round. 1840 J. Keese (1844) 159 And Pilgrim daughters on this isle..Will greet thy presence with a smile When Thanksgiving rolls round. 1918 I. S. Cobb ii. 58 [They] shall have covers and places provided for them when anniversary night rolls round. 1977 R. R. Campbell ii. 43 The notice may be rescinded before date of withdrawal comes round. 2008 S. R. Green 187 Next morning came round all too quickly. 1843 E. Willard in C. W. Everest 162 They made their brags—but for their trouble, The next time round, Lee fined them double. 1912 7 July (Mag. Suppl.) 7/1 If you knew how perfectly lovely it is to have you agreeing to things first time round! 1958 31 May 8/7 The six weeks' basic infantry training proved no pleasanter the second time round than the first. 1978 M. Palin Diary 21 May in (2006) 468 Clive James..liked ‘Stalag Luft’ and had not seen it the first time round, when he first wrote his Ripping Yarns review in The Observer. 2007 11 Sept. 26/1 On the evidence of his opening night in Birmingham, there's little in his set to get quite so steamed up about this time round. 4. the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > [adverb] > to each in turn society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [adverb] > including whole company ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in (1998) I. 54 Than culit thai ther mouthis with confortable drinkis, And carpit full cummerlik, with cop going round. a1550 ( G. Ripley (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 53v Hey ha carre awaye Let the cuppe go rounde. 1617 B. Rich 24 The cup being newly replenished..thus it goes round throughout the whole company. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher i. iv. 100 A health Gentlemen, Let it goe round . View more context for this quotation 1643 R. Gentilis tr. G. Diodati 149/1 The father of the family..caused the cup to passe round to all the rest. 1726 J. Swift 18 She scan'd the antient Heroes round, Explain'd for what they were renown'd. 1786 R. Burns (1968) I. 155 The auld Guidwife's weel-hoordet nits Are round an' round divided. 1863 J. H. Speke 36 One pig, enough to feed the whole camp round. 1883 R. L. Stevenson ii. i. 5 Sometimes he would call for glasses round. 1945 N. Streatfeild xiv. 55 Nannie and Ruth had done everything that wanted doing, like passing round food, and books to read, and keeping Kim quiet. 1978 C. Margerison xiii. 177 I shall send a memo round to all heads of department. 2003 N. Slater 28 ‘Anyone for jam?’ she would say, passing round the Hartley's strawberry. the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [adverb] > (shod) on all hooves 1609 T. Heywood vi. 137 Stallions..with burnisht Brasse shod round. 1687 No. 2290/4 A black..Colt..shoed round. 1711 No. 4875/4 Shod all round. 1738 J. Swift 95 This is his Fourth Wife; then he has been shod round. 1768 J. Wesley Jrnl. 31 Oct. in (1827) III. 262 I procured one to shoe my horse all round. 1849 1 106 Horses that are kept up are generally shod all round by the same men. 1889 F. E. Gretton viii. 149 He shod her all round, and she never kicked once. 1914 136 182 The three left Jones' house on horseback,..each horse being shod all round. the world > space > direction > [adverb] > in all directions > from all directions 1634 J. Shirley v. ii Pis. Looke better on me. Lau. We have seene you round, Sir. 1726 J. Swift I. i. ii. 28 When he alighted, he surveyed me round with great Admiration. 1766 O. Goldsmith I. xiv. 133 After he had for a good while examined the horse round, finding him blind of one eye, would have nothing to say to him. 1796 C. Garden 139 Ere men can look me round, Thy glance but strikes me and I am not found. 1819 Apr. 76 He examined it round and round, and asked again and again what it was. 1881 M. Reynolds iv. 40 The relief engine-man and his mate..leave it under the charge of the turner after they have looked it round. 1907 28 Sept. 294 This year I have looked them round again, and have found only three spikes with the five blooms. 1704 J. Swift Pref. 26 He may ring the Changes as far as it will go, and vary his Phrase till he has talk'd round. 1774 65/2 When a bird is thus become perfect in his lesson, he is said to sing his song round, or in all its varieties of passages, which he connects together, and executes without a pause. 1823 J. C. Robertson & T. Byerley XIII. ii. 37 Mr Barrington had one [sc. a nightingale] that, when it sung its whole song round, displayed sixteen different beginnings and closes. 1861 15 219 These birds sing their song round, and then repeat it, singing nearly the same notes each time. 5. the world > space > direction > [adverb] > (turned) round or about c1540 (?a1400) 453 Hir Ene as a trendull turned full rounde ffirst on hir fader..And sethyn on þat semely. 1578 J. Banister i. f. 28 The head of Radius..by whose benefit, it is circumverted, and turned round. a1650 Sonnge of Sir Andraye Barton i. iii, in T. Percy (1765) II. 177 King Henrye frownd, and turned him rounde. 1691 W. B. ii. 7 In several parts of the Wall of the Conclave, there are seven Rote, or Holes with Turles in them..wherein the Victuals are put in from without, and turned round to be Received within. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter ii. xii. 263 His horse..turning round suddenly ran off with his master. 1787 ‘G. Gambado’ 24 His horse has stopt and turned round five thousand times with him. 1826 W. Scott I. i. 12 The minister..faced round upon the party who had seized him. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato I. 435 Socrates looked round at us as his manner was. 1914 K. Pyle 6 The wind now changed round to the north. 1977 E. Figes i. vii. 69 The maid turned round near the door and gawped at me with her mouth open. 2004 M. Hayder xx. 127 The hostesses swivelled round to yell in unison across the club, ‘Irasshaimase! Welcome!’ the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > change of opinion > [adverb] 1788 Apr. 305/2 I wager all I am worth, I will bring him round in a twinkling. 1794 W. B. Stevens Let. 19 Nov. in (1965) 206 Your Grandfather's sentiments are so far come round that he seems to be quandaryed. 1855 C. Kingsley xv He submitted for the nonce, and Cary thought..that he had talked him pretty well round. 1881 T. Hardy I. i. xiii. 213 He..had wrenched his mind round to this strange arrangement. 1916 G. Morris xxxiii. 294 He seems to have won her round to his way of looking at compromise. 1976 M. Frayn ii. 50 And if we can't talk him round we'll jolly well drag him round by brute force. 2004 A. L. Kennedy (2006) 218 There's nothing in him that I can coax round, even argue with. 1847 July 328/1 A Frenchman had gathered a Tract in Spanish, a Spaniard had got one in the Italian,..yet by a little pains-taking in shifting them round I got matters right. 1879 27 Oct. 8/3 He mixed them up and changed them round, And now the true one has been found. 1943 N. Marsh ii. 35 You'd think it was royalty. They've been making it pretty solid for everybody down there. Hauling everything out and shifting us all round. 1998 S. O'Connell 23 Mother was right, there was almost no fruit. Mrs O'Malley swapped the lights round so I could find the tin can section. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > cricket ground > [adverb] > direction 1857 T. Hughes ii. viii. 397 A beautifully pitched ball for the outer stump, which the..unfeeling Jack..hits right round to leg for five. 1882 20 May Murdoch hit him round and drove him for a brace of 4's. 1920 D. J. Knight in P. F. Warner (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) (new ed.) i. 35 The sweep to leg..is effected by sinking almost down on the right knee and sweeping the ball right round in the direction of long leg. 1976 M. Gilbert xi. 105 He smacked it round through the empty leg-side field for an easy four. 2003 J. Alswang 71/1 The batsman..sweeping it..round to the leg-side. 6. society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [adverb] > by an indirect route 1562 E. Lewicke tr. G. Boccaccio sig. A.ii Fulnius loue did so abound, To Titus..That to athenes he sent him rounde, Because he should learninge enbrace. 1567 J. Jewel vi. 659 Yee fetche your mater rounde, within, without, and rounde aboute..as if Princes were as changeable, as your selfe. 1664 S. Pepys 5 Nov. (1971) V. 314 The coach being forced to go round by London-wall home because of the Bonefires. 1699 J. Stevens tr. J. de Mariana xxvi. ii. 462 One of the Ships..coming round by the Cape of Good Hope, at last arrived at Sevil. 1718 S. Sewall 2 July (1973) II. 897 Lt Govr came home round in Mr. Gore's Calash. 1776 38 App. 715/1 Flat-bottomed boats came round, by the North river, to King's-bridge. 1801 Nov. 396 For exporting cattle, too large for sending round by the heads of the Friths. 1894 H. Caine v. xxi. 417 Himself going round to pay the grocer. 1921 L. J. Vance in Apr. 88/2 Duchemin talked about himself, of his wanderings and adventures, leading cunningly round to the subject of New York. 1952 R. E. Wilson viii. 206 Take the long way round. It's a pleasant day. 2004 R. Pearson tr. E. Zola 101 Rather than go round by the street, La Maheude cut straight across the gardens. the world > space > place > presence > [adverb] > by a roundabout route society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [adverb] > by an indirect route > arrival or presence by indirect route 1653 Duchess of Newcastle 58 All the Poets were invited round. 1755 G. Washington (1889) I. 208 Doctor Craik is expected round to Alexandria in a vessel. 1776 E. Pendleton Let. 31 July in (1967) I. 190 It was then agreed it seems that Mr. Lomax should declare for the Senator and he has accordingly been round and made his Interest. 1841 J. T. J. Hewlett I. 97 The carriage was ordered round. 1897 C. M. Flandrau 179 If I'd only known.., I could have asked some of the fellows round to meet you. 1926 E. Wallace v. 121 They got that price from the blower round at the Arts Club. 1984 Autumn 2/2 Having friends round for a meal and want to make it something special? 2001 M. Barrowcliffe (2002) 267 He'll be round in about half an hour. society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > [adverb] > visit in succession a number of places or people 1765 ii. 27 She used to go round to teach the Children with these Rattle-traps in a Basket. 1795 F. M. Eden (1797) II. 384 Persons working in this manner are called rounds-men, from their going round to village or township for employ. 1861 T. Hughes I. i. 16 I spent a day or two in..going round and seeing the other colleges. 1863 C. T. Brooks tr. J. P. F. Richter I. x. 326 He often walked round for a long time without speaking. 1919 W. A. Du Poy iv. 49 The United States Railroad Administration..shopped round a bit and bought 800 miles of standardized cars. 1987 G. N. S. Raghavan iv. 79 Gandhiji did not plunge into public life immediately on his return to India. He travelled round for a year. 2007 W. Elliott xxii. 270 He went round to each of the clowns' rooms. 7. the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [adverb] > unintentionally or involuntarily > aimlessly 1848 J. Cowen 221 I lost my work by getting Drunk, And loafing round, and all that. 1894 M. Dyan (1899) 25 That sickening old brute..has been fooling round making up to the General and Mrs. Yorke lately. 1922 M. Pedler i. 11 You've not tried to pick up the threads again—you're just idling round. 1987 N. Hinton iii. 16 And don't go messing round with drugs neither. 2001 (Nexis) 26 May 2 They started mucking round with the King James Bible and shoving in all that rotten modern, poetryless cant. the world > existence and causation > existence > [adverb] 1852 12 113 I have been round some, and I think I can tell a sheet from a lancet, let the wind be which way it will! 1861 O. W. Holmes xvi. 176 Those unwholesome..creatures, that look not fit to be round among live folks. 1920 F. S. Fitzgerald 7 I'm no fool. I've been round. I know men. 1979 May 13 (advt.) One way of projecting and storing slides has been round for years. 2000 L. Mullin & M. J. MacDonald in M. Khosrowpour 971 The debate of whether or not technology increases productivity has been round for years. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > [adverb] > manner of bowling 1859 23 July 305 Southey bowled slow twisters at one end, and I bowled ‘round’ at the other. II. Expressing position or distance. 9. the world > space > place > here, there, etc. > [adverb] > everywhere > on all sides or all around a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) i. 2829 (MED) Eke him thoghte he syh also The kinde of alle bestes go Under this tre aboute round. a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate (Arun.) (1911) 2301 (MED) Phebus..The hegh hylles gilte with his stremes, The syluer dewe vpon the herbes rounde. a1450 (1885) 277 (MED) Jesu..will saue man saule fro oure sonde, And refe vs þe remys þat are rounde. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil v. vi. 79 As this ȝonkeir heiron tred and fut sett,..wenyng hym victour round. 1579 W. Fulke Refut. Rastels Confut. in 722 The Aultars bright, that were rounde ydight. 1609 J. Davies sig. D2v As Thornes did his Head, conuulnerate: So, Rods all round did Him excoriate. 1626 F. Bacon §201 All Sounds move Round; That is to say; on all Sides. 1719 E. Young i. 6 Which will rise in Flames At the least Breath, and spread Destruction round. 1781 J. Morison in xxxv. 5 As dew upon the tender herb diffusing fragrance round. 1852 M. Arnold 247 All round the forest sweeps off, black in shade. 1879 R. F. Burton II. xvii. 181 On the slope..stood a square of masonry scattered round with fragments of pottery, glass, and basalt. 1911 J. Conrad ii. iv. 149 She glanced all round at the many doors. 1963 M. Spark iii. 41 Word also spread round from the office that many of Jane's incoming telephone calls were from this man. 2006 F. Forsyth ix. 169 As his eyes became accustomed to the glare, he gazed round and saw the waiting Hercules. the world > space > direction > [adverb] > in all directions > by measurement in all directions from a centre 1593 J. Eliot i. 45 I woonder why he hath not then paued his pallace ten mile round with orient pearles. 1656 H. Phillippes (ed. 3) ii. 112 Within 20 miles round off London. 1682 T. Amy 5 The Land lies upon a Level in fifty or sixty Miles round, having scarce the least Hill or Eminency. c1710 C. Fiennes (1888) 70 They can by them [sc. ditches] floate ye grounds for 3 miles round. 1766 O. Goldsmith I. iii. 22 Scarce a farmer's daughter within ten miles round but what had found him successful and faithless. 1842 L. S. Costello II. 158 Hundreds of peasants..hurrying to mass from every village for leagues round. 1888 A. Jessopp v. 236 There had been a clean sweep of the old incumbents from all the parishes for miles round. 1900 S. J. Weyman (new ed.) i. 1 No better Latinist could be found for a score of miles round in the times of which I write. 1961 P. Ustinov iv. 71 The local mechanic and only garagist for kilometers round. 2007 J. McCourt vii. 305 Ballywhither is a farmers' town: the workfolk for miles round come in for fairs and shopping. 10. With specified measurement. 1569 T. Stocker tr. Diodorus Siculus ii. ix. f. 54 In the last [circle] which was two furlongs round, sat the Dukes, and chief rulers of the armie, the captains of the horsmen, and the princes of Perse there. 1621 P. Heylyn 186 It [sc. Moscow] was once 9 miles in circuit, but was fired by the Tartar Anno 1571,..and it is now become but 5 miles round. 1774 O. Goldsmith I. 375 The hail-stones..being measured, were found to be many of them fourteen inches round. 1812 J. Sinclair i. 330 A threave of wheat, consisting of twenty-eight sheaves, each sheaf measuring thirty inches round. 1852 G. C. Mundy III. ii. 69 The Urtica gigas, or stinging-nettle-tree... It may be forty feet high and the stem nine or ten feet round. 1903 17 54/1 Height, 1 metre 32 centimetres. Biceps, 47 centimetres round. 2008 G. Kearny x. 180 A round, clear stone fell out... It was five inches round and polished just as expected. 1766 O. Goldsmith I. x. 96 I..walked back by the horse-way, which was five miles round, tho' the foot-way was but two. 1798 J. Feltham 270 Longness-point is at the extremity of a peninsula, which is some miles round. 1845 Light-houses Gulf of Mexico in R. Mills 138 The bay is three and a half miles round from point to point, by land. 1878 Rep. Comm. East India (Public Wks.) 209/2 in XII. 333 It is 420 miles round from Calcutta to Goalando by canal and the river navigation. 1907 C. G. Harper xxiv. 250 I hope it is not many miles round to the first bridge. 1972 in R. Kalman III. E43/2 It is five miles round to the mill. 2004 H. Livermore xi. 100 The peninsula is five miles round and stops at the cape of Carvoeiro. the world > space > distance > nearness > [adverb] > in the vicinity 1593 J. Eliot i. 59 When she is mou'd, her neighbours round do find a furie fell. 1615 E. Sandys 44 Scorn we now remain To neighbours round; whose hate our shames appeasd. 1691 T. Brown 10 Gold 'tis thought by all your Neighbours round Inform'd your Faith more than the Book you found. 1780 8 Old Ætna..thy fruitful Throes Afflict thy sympathizing Neighbours round. 1786 R. Burns Cotter's Sat. Night iv, in (1968) I. 146 Belyve the elder bairns come drappin in, At Service out, amang the Farmers roun'. 1866 C. Kingsley II. xxii. 367 Hardly a French knight or baron round but had a blood-feud against him. 1890 846 All the neighbours round did their best for the seven fatherless and motherless children. 1916 W. D. Howells xvii. 183 There's nobody round, and if you'll hurry, nobody'll see you. 1997 E. Rutherfurd (1998) 504 The whole house, and all the houses round, had started shaking. III. Expressing manner or style. †12. the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [adverb] > swiftly and easily c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 174 His Steede..goth an Ambel in the way Ful softely and rounde In londe. c1460 Abraham & Isaac in N. Davis (1970) 35 (MED) Loke wele þat his horse go rownde And þat he stumbel not. ?a1475 (1922) 52 (MED) Thu take þi schon anon ful rownde of þi fete. 1567 T. Harman (new ed.) sig. E. iv If he se any old ketel..hee quicklye snappeth the same up, and into the booget it goethe rounde. 1586 G. Pettie & B. Yong tr. S. Guazzo (rev. ed.) iv. f. 189 We are after meate merier, giue more pleasant aunsweres, and goe rounder away with anie matter, then when we are fasting. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adverb] > liberally or without stint c1450 J. Capgrave (Arun. 396) (1893) ii. l. 1461 (MED) Hir moder fel doun as round as ony balle. c1460 in R. Brotanek (1940) 118 (MED) On þe dogges he set full rounde. a1500 (a1450) (Trin. Cambr.) 3364 (MED) The spere went to the vesage quyte and rownde. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil ii. 40 Round fel I too weeping,..with al eke thee sorroful houshold. 13. society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [adverb] > straightforwardly or directly c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) Prol. l. 3 I peyne me to han an hauteyn speche And rynge it out as round as gooth a belle. 1533 J. Heywood sig. C In few wordes to tell you my mynde rounde Uppon this condycyon I wolde be bounde. 1565 T. Cooper Clausulæ rotundæ, full and perfitte clauses of sentenses fallyng rounde. 1575 W. Stevenson iv. ii. sig. Diiv Yet take hede I say, I must tel you my tale round. 1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux ii. 73 Thus spoke our Lover whining, plain and round. 1780 11 Apr. (1781) 3 210 They should be taught..to speak their own language rough and round. 1912 Dec. 738 ‘Merry Christmas!’ Let us say it round and full. society > communication > manifestation > manifestness > openness or unconcealedness > [adverb] 1604 W. Shakespeare ii. ii. 140 I went round to worke, And my young Mistris thus I did bespeake. View more context for this quotation 1649 J. Milton 29 I question not the lawfulness of raising Warr..; for no Protestant Church..but have don it round, and maintaind it lawfull. 1770 C. Carroll Let. 22 May in 12 (1917) 362 Mr Howard Has nigh £12 Round for Eight Hgds., one of which was greatly Damaged. 1843 T. S. Arthur v. 12/2 Ten dollars round was the stake, and for a time the games all ran in favor of Handy and Ware. 1859 29 Sept. 1/3 Negros, which are worth seven to eight hundred dollars round. 1925 13 June 15/1 When he pays it'll be ten dollars round—that's the regular association rate. B. prep. (Cf. around prep.) I. Expressing actual or implied motion. 1. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine f. lxxv/1 I haue gon rounde the erthe and walked thurgh it. 1604 W. Shakespeare iii. ii. 148 Full thirtie times hath Phebus cart gone round Neptunes salt wash. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton iv. 661 Those have thir course to finish, round the Earth. View more context for this quotation 1730 J. Thomson Summer in 89 A Drake, who..bore thy name in thunder round the world. 1763 J. Brown vi. 125 Holding a Branch of Myrtle in their Hand, which was sent round the Table. 1820 J. Keats Lamia i, in 5 The God, dove-footed, glided silently Round bush and tree. 1898 A. B. Gomme II. 122 Round and round the village, As we have done before. 1922 J. W. Hudson xxx. 254 The wolves came and circled round the tree. 1951 in 184 Round and round the garden like a teddy bear; One step, two step, Tickle you under there! 2008 N. Abi-Ezzi (2009) 86 I sped down the hall, into the dining room—twice round the table, back to the hall and into the bathroom. 1698 J. Keill vi. 116 After the fashion of a broad speroid which is generated by the rotation of a semi Ellipsis round its lesser Axis. 1728 E. Chambers at Venus Her Motion round her own Axis, [is performed] in 23 Hours. 1755 Misc. Corr. 77/1 in Mercury, swift circling round the Sun. 1800 E. Burling Let. 28 Dec. in T. Jefferson (2005) XXXII. 362 We agree upon the principles of Central forces; that when a body of matter, is made to revolve round its Centre, it is acted upon by two powers opposed to each other. 1895 N. Story-Maskelyne 99 The aspect of such a solid figure will not therefore be changed by a revolution of the solid round this axis. 1946 V. N. Wood ii. 63 Torsion is the form of sheer stress which is set up in a bar when two equal torques tend to rotate its ends in opposite directions round its axis. 1981 R. J. Eden (1982) vi. 122 It is surrounded by..negatively charged electrons moving in orbits round the nucleus. 2008 C. Vita-Finzi i. 10 Aristarchus of Samos (about 310-230 BC) believed that the Earth went round the Sun. 2. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > round or around [preposition] 1573 R. Sempill in J. G. Dalyell (1801) II. 287 Addres ȝour armour round ȝow for debait. 1616 W. Browne II. iv. 104 A hunting Nymph awakened with his mone,..Twyning her small armes round her slender waste That by no others vs'd to be imbrac'd. 1657 J. Deacon 21 This Rich took him round the middle, stroaked his face, and kissed him. 1662 J. Evelyn 32 Put it round the brims of your plate. 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer II. v. 475 The Chief..binds the sacred cincture round his breast. 1766 O. Goldsmith I. viii. 68 Our family dined in the field, and we sate..round a temperate repast. a1817 J. L. Burckhardt (1829) II. 336 The usual turban is of Indian Cambric..which each class ties round the head. 1888 Jan. 176/1 The little folks observed him, and instantly forming a ring round him, danced more furiously than ever. 1922 J. Joyce i. 18 Buck Mulligan slung his towel stolewise round his neck. 1984 21 June 2/3 Members of the African National Congress hung a garland round his neck. 2005 P. D. James ii. 195 We wound the rope round the top railing. 1883 Apr. 908/1 Its native tongue..was a dialect..formed during the tremendous struggle which centered round the fierce Mahmoud of Ghazneh. 1898 1 July 1/6 An American author..has written a novel round the author of the famous Persian ‘Rubáiyát’. 1941 ‘G. Orwell’ i. vi. 54 A rather restless, cultureless life, centring round tinned food. 1964 39 133 The remarks..may on occasion have in them more of true religion; but to explain the occasion one has to write a novel round them. 2007 N. Wyn (2008) 177 We create our own therapies now, Joeski and me, based round the things he likes to do. 3. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. iv. 11 Anon wee'l drinke a Measure The Table round . View more context for this quotation 1689 Bp. G. Burnet I. 77 All those offices go round the several Communities, who have the right of nomination in their turn. 1717 A. Pope tr. Homer III. ix. 284 Glitt'ring Canisters..Which round the Board Menœtius' Son bestow'd. 1789 Nov. 983/2 The monarch..sent him round the company, who all made him undergo a strict examination. 1860 3 Nov. 444/1 I went round the various wards, in which seven or eight hundred men were in bed. 1895 Oct. 16/2 Several gentlemen..make a very good living by hawking these nightingales round the cafés. 1919 L. Havemeyer vii. 65 The young warrior..goes round the villages of the married people and selects one or two little girls. 1985 R. McConkey ix. 196 Go round the group asking each person to say their own name. 2005 P. C. Smith iv. 87 They went round the various training schools one-by-one. 1663 A. Cowley iv The breath of Fame, like an auspicious Gale (The great Trade-wind which ne'er does fail), Shall drive thee round the World. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil 87 Round the Streets the reeling Actors ran. View more context for this quotation 1708 J. Breval 3 Here Newts, and bloated Toads, detested crawl, And flutt'ring Batts fly round the dusky Hall. 1789 R. Norris 92 Women are employed in carrying it [sc. water] round the town, in earthen pots, to sell. 1849 T. B. Macaulay I. iii. 338 Three coaches..were sent every afternoon round the city to bring ladies to the festivities. 1876 4 Mar. 537/2 They..skirmished round the country in search of provisions. 1921 17 Oct. 7/1 The business man can come straight to the theatre from his office without first having to wander round London in search of a meal. 1984 K. Hulme (1985) i. 11 How long did it take to get round town that I had bought a boat? 1990 P. Melville (1991) 56 Frankie did not really want it known that he was inside for such a minor offence as driving round the streets without a licence. 4. 1687 Bp. G. Burnet tr. Lactantius 88 Having come round the Coast of Phyrgia, he got at last to Nicomedia. 1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins 1 This Squadron was design'd round Cape Horn into the South Seas. 1787 ‘G. Gambado’ 19 In turning sharp round a post. 1833 J. F. W. Herschel i. 20 The effect of refraction, by which we are enabled to see in some small degree round the interposed segment. 1874 J. Murray 58 Here the field lost sight of the hounds, as they went round the side of a small hill. 1917 P. L. Haworth xi. 162 I was anxious, if possible, to go round the obstacle instead of over it. 1982 H. L. Gray 10 Much organization theory skirts round the problems of power and authority. 2005 R. Hill iv. 54 She headed round the back of the church. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > [adverb] > manner of bowling 1867 G. H. Selkirk iv. 61 The discretion allowed to the bowler to deliver the ball either over or round the wicket. 1894 N. Gale (new ed.) 26 If round the wicket, medium pace, Won't make the batsman budge,..Sling him a grub. 1956 N. Cardus 14 Macaulay bowled off-spin from round the wicket. 1974 9 June 34/6 Titmus, fancying his chances, went round the wicket and induced the predictable catch to short leg. 2005 S. Ingle in M. Adamson et al. 9 Flintoff comes round the wicket to Gilchrist. II. Expressing position. 1593 J. Norden 35 Royall exchange... The form of the building is quadrate, with walks round the mayne building supported with pillers of marble. 1650 M. Carter 154 The Enemy..now lay absolutely round us, so that we were suddenly begirt. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot i. ii. 3 On the Shoar, round this Port, there are several fair Palaces. 1740 T. Lediard (ed. 2) xxxii. 304 A large high artificial Mount, with a broad Moat round it. 1787 G. Washington 25 Feb. (1979) V. 109 The Moon last Night had a dim circle round it. 1834 T. Carlyle iii. x. 100/1 Round one of those Book-packages..come..various waste printed-sheets. 1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. 101 The veil Woven with a border round it of yellow acanthus. 1952 Feb. 71/1 There was..not a glimmer from the long line of caravans parked round the square. 1985 N. Davidson v. 56 The atmosphere round the earth refracts light on the horizon. 2005 N. Hornby 118 He still slept in a nursery—clowns on the curtains, bunny rabbits on the frieze round the wall. 1607 R. Johnson sig. B A chamberpot: which he looking for round the Chamber espied a wodden Bowle. 1657 J. Canne sig. A (heading) A Word to every one round the World. 1726 J. Swift 18 A Party next of glitt'ring Dames, From round the Parlours of St. James. 1775 R. King (1894) I. 18 The Sheep & Cattle belonged to Men in Chelsea and round the same. 1822 P. B. Shelley (1880) IV. 270 I suppose..that you will not be round here until the middle of summer. 1853 3 250 Others belonging to this family might be found round the neighbourhood of Torquay. 1909 H. A. Burrell I. xiv. 365 The cemeteries round the county have a mournful interest. 1970 G. Chapman et al. (1989) II. xxxiii. 144 What is the most popular cheese round these parts? 2008 P. Hensher 121 ‘They're all bonkers round here,’ Mr Jolly said, relieving his feelings a little. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > round or around [preposition] > all around 1664 J. Wilson iv. iii. 60 I can look round me too; There's not a tree That stopt my prospect, but I've levell'd it. 1685 J. Dunton 78 I got upon my feet, when looking round me, I perceived a neighbouring Grove. 1719 D. Defoe 11 When I could look about, I could see nothing but Distress round us. a1729 J. Rogers (1730) 347 When we come to look round us from the Ascent we have made. 1816 J. Wilson i. i. 53 When round me silent Nature speaks of death. 1849 T. B. Macaulay I. iii. 339 In the language of the gentry many miles round the Wrekin, to go to Shrewsbury was to go to town. 1919 R. Hichins 269 I stood up and looked all round me. 1984 M. Spufford v. 76 Most buyers and sellers came from a radius of sixteen miles round the fair. 2003 B. Crowley 96 He stood for a moment glaring round him. 1692 W. Bromley 345 The City is in a Plain, having the Hills in Prospect on every side: it is three miles round the Walls. 1750 S. Johnson No. 12. ⁋4 She was two yards round the waist, her voice was at once loud and squeaking, and her face brought to my mind the picture of the full-moon. 1850 F. De W. Ward i. 23 Bejapoor..was, in former times, one of the largest cities in Asia, the fort measuring eight miles round the outside. 1873 27 Dec. 903/2 He measures 12½ inches round the thickest part of his thigh,..and 4 inches round the ankle. 1929 20 July 40/1 These animals attain prodigious proportions, being at times as much as 80 inches round the chest and 16 round the forearm. 2005 T. Quinn (2008) 78/2 The work..measures 25 feet (8 metres) high and 80 feet (24 metres) round the base. 1705 T. Savery tr. M. van Coehoorn 54 They must secure themselves a Lodgment on part of the lower Face round the corner of the Caponniere. 1837 Feb. 156/2 His lordship shook me heartily by the hand; and before two minutes had elapsed, had wrapped his box coat once more across him, and was round the corner. 1878 E. V. Kenealy VI. 354/2 The fly was round the front of the house waiting for him when he was walking with her. 1906 Oct. 471/2 When you ask exactly where the picturesque place was, you learn that it was round two corners from Robinson's house. 1973 17 Aug. 7/1 A furniture shop that can offer you free parking round the back is suddenly easier to get at. 2001 C. Glazebrook 155 Come on, we can catch a bus round the corner. III. With reference to time or a period of time. 10. Throughout the whole period of; all through. the world > action or operation > continuing > continually (in action) [phrase] the world > time > period > year > [adverb] > all year 1652 W. Blith v. 25 Continue thy water, and keep it working upon thy Land, almost all the year round. 1698 J. Fryer 118 Their Butter..after it has passed the Fire, they keep it in Duppers the year round. 1753 Suppl. at Yellow The flowers of the acacia..may be kept all the year round. 1792 W. Bartram (new ed.) viii. 250 The W. and N. W. winds..are constant from nine or ten o'clock in the morning till towards midnight, almost the year round. 1851 H. Mayhew II. 112/1 Some [buyers] collect the skins all the year round. 1872 79 224/2 The San Franciscans now eat the best of grapes, cherries, and pears, almost the year round. 1924 May 726/2 All the day round they will live in a super-heated atmosphere with powerful incandescent lamps. 1949 C. P. Snow i. i. 14 Boys of your age need to sleep the clock round. 1988 M. V. Vriends 34/2 Pigeons molt the whole year round. 2001 7 July 27/3 It's been worthwhile giving bottled water more space and keeping it in the chiller all year round. 1675 74 I Sing of great Diseases all, That happen not at Spring, or Fall, But what happens round the Year. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet (1724) I. 271 The King..was often weary of time, and did not know how to get round the day. 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer II. vii. 151 Verdant olives flourish round the year. 1792 (Royal Soc.) 82 191 I have now carried the operations of a hive..completely round the year. 1869 Oct. 589 All round the year, this great game of rouge et noir is being played between the life-boats and the sea. 1890 Sept. 321/2 I won't have the whole camp shooting all round the clock. 1922 C. G. Harper xvii. 162 I rather wondered what the devil you do all day and every day all round the calendar? 1978 D. K. Fieldhouse ix. 514 8,000 of the total labour force..lived in their own villages and worked round the year. 2007 C. Foley iv. 91/2 Rocket..is hardy, easy, and can be grown right round the year. the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > exactness, accuracy, precision > closeness to accuracy > around, about [preposition] 1901 615 It was round seven o'clock. 1921 W. P. White in May 8/3 It was round noon. 1987 R. Fuller in A. T. Tolley 10 The poem was published in New Writing for Spring 1937, and it must have been round the time of its appearance that my first meeting with John took place. 2009 J. Clarke viii. 102 I asked her what time I was born, exactly, and she said it was round two o'clock in the afternoon. Phrases P1. 1747 H. Glasse ix. 98 Set the biggest Bunch of Brockely in the Middle, and the other little Piece[s] round and about, and garnish the Dish round with little Spriggs of Brockely. 1843 tr. F. Bremer 50/1 We selected suitable sticks, which we used as stilts, and on these we went round and about in the court-yard. 1892 28 May 516/2 Let the old and sad send messengers out To search the inlets round and about. 1921 O. M. Salter iii. 197 Turning herself round and about to view the county of Surrey spread out beneath her. 2008 T. Ólafssen iii. 119 It is in the morning of that holy day that Peer finally departs from his custom of going round and about. P2. 1857 1 170 The letters read the wrong way round, and are turned with the foot outwards. 1887 T. Dykes 231 If ever you have anything in a race, see that your jockey knows the course, or he may win like me, the wrong way round. 1909 May 197/1 Carbon printing has the initial drawback that two transfers are necessary if we want a print ‘the right way round’. 1981 18 Sept. 21/4 So it is true what they say about Picasso—that even his best friends cannot tell which way round the pictures go. 2005 J. Gill i. 7 Why don't we put those batteries in the other way round? P3. 1868 M. Farningham (ed. 2) 49 Few things are sweeter to the ‘all-the-year-round’ workers than a week or two of perfect idleness. 1883 T. Hardy in Summer 4/2 One of those curious summer shelters sometimes erected on exposed points of view, called an all-the-year-round. 1893 K. Sanborn 188 Pasadena is the greatest all-the-year-round health-resort in the world. 1936 A. L. Simon iii. 23 Beaufort, an all-the-year-round French cheese made in Savoie. 1963 5 Feb. 7/5 Equipped for all-the-year-round motoring. 2009 J. Mynott iv. 95 Birdwatching is very much an all-the-year-round outdoor interest. Compounds C1. 1540 XIII. f. 83 Ane round linkit chenȝe of gold. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas i. iv. 119 I see not how in those round blazing beames [etc.]. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas ii. ii. 412 Though round fenc't with gard of armed Knights. 1611 (1909) iii. i. 38 The howse is rownd beset wth Armed men. 1642 H. More sig. B6v Round-turning whirlwinds on Olympus steep. 1729 R. Savage iii. 19 Yet reddening, yet round-burning up the air, From the white cliff, her feet slow-rising glare! 1783 W. Cowper 29 Eight years and five round-rolling moons He thus saw steal away. 1878 O. Wilde 5 A moon of fire Round-girdled with a purple marriage-ring. 1923 D. H. Lawrence (N.Y. ed.) 18 Am I not blind, at the round-turning mill? 1912 C. C. Turner xxv. 270 The Round-Britain circuit for a prize of £10,000. 1929 23 Aug. 4/3 The German pilot, Morzil, tonight was declared winner..of the ‘round-Europe’ reliability flight. 1955 12 July 7/5 An R.A.A.F. Canberra jet bomber will make a round-Australia flight to-morrow, making only two refuelling stops. 1992 (Nexis) 22 June 44 The firm runs two tours,..charging £8 for adults and £4 to £5 for children for the round-London tours. 1994 V. Miner viii. 75 Cora knew she was fine when she inquired at the counter if she could use the Round America Ticket to go North as well. C2. the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > sturdy a1689 W. Cleland (1697) 113 They're men of round spun noddle fictions. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in 2nd Ser. I. 320 He's weel kenned for a round-spun presbyterian, and a ruling-elder to boot. 1581 R. Mulcaster xxvi. 101 This exercise do I like best generally of any rownde stirring without the dores. C3. Forming attributive adjectives with the and noun. See also round the clock adj., round-the-houses adj., round-the-world adj.the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > stealthy action, stealth > [adverb] 1820 34 305 Round-the-corner sort of personal satire. 1881 G. M. Hopkins 14 May (1938) 100 My only resource is to ask you if you..can suggest some fetch, some boomerang or lazytongs or round-the-corner means of having at him. 1915 A. Conan Doyle i. vii. 121 You get to your point, I admit, but you have such a deuced round-the-corner way of doing it. 1937 B. De Holthoir tr. G. Duhamel v. xviii. 822 Sénac..specialized in round-the-corner tactics, the undermining of the morale of the group, the manœvring of currents of opinion. 1977 T. Nairn i. 58 The former deals in round-the-corner optimism, the latter in a tri-secular accumulation of imperial complacency and slow-moving certainties. the mind > language > speech > conversation > [adjective] > of or relating to discussion > of particular type 1900 H. W. Smyth p. cii These followed after the ‘round-the-table’ songs had been concluded. 1939 9 June 16/5 His fresh instructions..may help the Ambassador to bring a draft agreement nearer, perhaps after some round-the-table discussions. 1976 15 Dec. i. 9/4 Transport and General Workers' Union officials want round-the-table talks with the management. 2008 B. Zeckhauser & A. Sandoski ii. 66 The round-the-table polling continued until everyone had offered a view. 1902 July 402/1 It is this Chautauqua membership, fostered and cultured by the round-the-year reading courses..which gives tone to the local assembly. 1959 28 Nov. 3/1 Round-the-year sea bathing. 2002 J. Young vii. 111 Dwellers do not demand a round-the-year supply of avocados. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.1a1325 n.21754 adj.c1300 v.1OEv.2a1400adv.prep.c1300 |
