roof-treen.

Brit.

/ˈruːftriː/,

/ˈrʊftriː/, U.S.

/ˈrufˌtri/,

/ˈrʊfˌtri/

Forms: see roof n. and tree n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: roof n., tree n.

Etymology: < roof n. + tree n.Sense 2 has often been interpreted as showing a different origin, perhaps with rough adj. as first element (compare rough-tree n.). Although this may indeed be the case, the early spellings of sense 2 are all recorded as spellings of roof n., and are difficult to explain on the basis of any other etymology, therefore at least suggesting identification of the first element as roof n. from an early date.

1. The main beam or ridge pole of a roof; = ridge piece n.; (by extension) a home. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > roof-beam

pan1284

roof-tree1321

wiverc1325

sile1338

wind-beam1374

bindbalkc1425

trave1432

purlin1439

side-waver1451

wind-balk1532

roof beam1551

post1567

crock1570

spercil1570

collar-beam1659

camber1679

top-beam1679

camber-beam1721

jack rafter1736

hammer-beam1823

tie-beam1823

spar-piece1842

viga1844

collar1858

spanner1862

cruck1898

1321 Manorial Documents in Mod. Philol. (1936) 34 52 (MED) Roftre.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 250^v Roof trees hatte tigna and ben tres arered and strecched from þe walles vp to þe coppe of þe house.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 435 Roof tree, festum.

?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 777/28 Hoc festum, a roffetre.

1570 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Lekprevik) v. 209 A gret rufe tre [v.r. raftre] he had in till his hand.

1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 14 The ruif tre of all this haill Maissoun.

1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1848) cclxxi. 536 The roof-tree of the fair temple of my Lord Jesus is fallen.

1685 W. Clark Grand Tryal 10 That in an instant one might see the walls Clap closs together, down the Roof-tree falls, Stones, Rafters, Boards, Dust, in a trice fall down.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Roof The Term is also used for the upper Timbers of any Building; whence in the Northern Counties, it is common to signify a whole Family, by saying, all under such a one's Roof-Tree.

1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. viii. 124 Ye have riven the thack off seven cottar houses—look if your ain roof-tree stand the faster.

1857 Ld. Dufferin Lett. from High Latitudes (ed. 3) 132 Instead of sleeping in the tent, he determined to seek shelter under a solid roof-tree.

1875–6 R. L. Stevenson Ess. Trav. (1905) 146 Wood for the fire, or for a new roof-tree.

1923 T. S. Eliot Waste Land v. 23 Only a cock stood on the roof-tree.

1950 D. Gascoyne Vagrant 38 Entangled in the thicket of World Roof-Tree's dense leaves.

1969 New Scientist 13 Mar. 554/1 An enormous rooftree 558ft long has just been inched up from ground level to serve as the chief single member of the new hangar which is being built by BOAC.

1993 G. M. Brown in M. Bradbury & A. Motion New Writing 2 352 The solid rooftree was shaken morning to night with cajolery, laughter, hectoring, rage, songs.

†2. Nautical. A jackstay or piece of wood used to hold or support netting, etc. Cf. rough-tree n. Obsolete.In early use apparently: a spar, perhaps spec. = rough-tree n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > supports for netting, for unused sails or spars

roof-tree1336

crutch1769

mitch-board1883

1336–7 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 96 Item in ij. Roftres emptis ad eandem precium cuiuslibet ij.s.—iiij.s.

1373 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 96 lx teeldes xvj skaltrowes ij Rooftrees j Grapenel.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. iv. xiiii. 1579 Roofe trees are Timbers of light wood, that goe from the Halfe-decke to the Forecastle, and are to beare vp the gratings.

1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 13 They make a Iury-mast..with yards, rouftrees, or what they can.

1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 86 Roofe-trees. Are those timbers..that goe from the halfe Deck, to the fore-Castell.

1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services 132 Roof~trees, or as they are vulgarly called, Ruff-trees, are those Timbers which go from the Half-deck to the Fore-castle, and serve to bear up the Gratings, and Ledges where the Nettings are fastned.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xv. 37/1 The Roofe trees are light wood that goes ouer the decks and fore-castle to beare vp the gratings and ledges wherein the netting ly.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) That Peece of Timber which on Occasion is laid over the Half Deck to bear up Nettings, Sails, or Peeces of Canvas, is called a Roof-tree.

1789 Trans. Soc. Arts 7 217 In a merchant-man, her ruff-tree.

?1798 Encyclopaedia (Amer. ed.) XIII. at Nettings, 16/2 They are sometimes stretched upon the ledges from the waste-trees to the roof-trees.

Phrases

Scottish. to your (his, etc.) roof-tree: as a toast to prosperity for home and family. Now chiefly historical.

ΚΠ

1754 E. Burt Lett. N. Scotl. II. xvi. 41 As we say..—To your Fire-Side; he says much to the same Purpose—To your Roof Tree.

1809 J. Carr in Eclectic Rev. Apr. 307 It is usual, as a compliment to the host, to drink to his roof-tree, alluding to the principal beam, which by its weight enables the roof to resist the pressure of a mountain squall.

1842 D. Vedder Poems 141 We'll a' haud a ranting holiday, An' drink success to the laird's roof-tree.

1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) III. 726/3 To your roof-tree, in Scotland, a toast expressive of a wish for prosperity to one's family, because the roof-tree covers the house and all in it.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	roof-tree
释义	roof-treen. Brit. /ˈruːftriː/, /ˈrʊftriː/, U.S. /ˈrufˌtri/, /ˈrʊfˌtri/ Forms: see roof n. and tree n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: roof n., tree n. Etymology: < roof n. + tree n.Sense 2 has often been interpreted as showing a different origin, perhaps with rough adj. as first element (compare rough-tree n.). Although this may indeed be the case, the early spellings of sense 2 are all recorded as spellings of roof n., and are difficult to explain on the basis of any other etymology, therefore at least suggesting identification of the first element as roof n. from an early date. 1. The main beam or ridge pole of a roof; = ridge piece n.; (by extension) a home. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > roof-beam pan1284 roof-tree1321 wiverc1325 sile1338 wind-beam1374 bindbalkc1425 trave1432 purlin1439 side-waver1451 wind-balk1532 roof beam1551 post1567 crock1570 spercil1570 collar-beam1659 camber1679 top-beam1679 camber-beam1721 jack rafter1736 hammer-beam1823 tie-beam1823 spar-piece1842 viga1844 collar1858 spanner1862 cruck1898 1321 Manorial Documents in Mod. Philol. (1936) 34 52 (MED) Roftre. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 250^v Roof trees hatte tigna and ben tres arered and strecched from þe walles vp to þe coppe of þe house. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 435 Roof tree, festum. ?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 777/28 Hoc festum, a roffetre. 1570 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Lekprevik) v. 209 A gret rufe tre [v.r. raftre] he had in till his hand. 1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 14 The ruif tre of all this haill Maissoun. 1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1848) cclxxi. 536 The roof-tree of the fair temple of my Lord Jesus is fallen. 1685 W. Clark Grand Tryal 10 That in an instant one might see the walls Clap closs together, down the Roof-tree falls, Stones, Rafters, Boards, Dust, in a trice fall down. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Roof The Term is also used for the upper Timbers of any Building; whence in the Northern Counties, it is common to signify a whole Family, by saying, all under such a one's Roof-Tree. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. viii. 124 Ye have riven the thack off seven cottar houses—look if your ain roof-tree stand the faster. 1857 Ld. Dufferin Lett. from High Latitudes (ed. 3) 132 Instead of sleeping in the tent, he determined to seek shelter under a solid roof-tree. 1875–6 R. L. Stevenson Ess. Trav. (1905) 146 Wood for the fire, or for a new roof-tree. 1923 T. S. Eliot Waste Land v. 23 Only a cock stood on the roof-tree. 1950 D. Gascoyne Vagrant 38 Entangled in the thicket of World Roof-Tree's dense leaves. 1969 New Scientist 13 Mar. 554/1 An enormous rooftree 558ft long has just been inched up from ground level to serve as the chief single member of the new hangar which is being built by BOAC. 1993 G. M. Brown in M. Bradbury & A. Motion New Writing 2 352 The solid rooftree was shaken morning to night with cajolery, laughter, hectoring, rage, songs. †2. Nautical. A jackstay or piece of wood used to hold or support netting, etc. Cf. rough-tree n. Obsolete.In early use apparently: a spar, perhaps spec. = rough-tree n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > supports for netting, for unused sails or spars roof-tree1336 crutch1769 mitch-board1883 1336–7 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 96 Item in ij. Roftres emptis ad eandem precium cuiuslibet ij.s.—iiij.s. 1373 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 96 lx teeldes xvj skaltrowes ij Rooftrees j Grapenel. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. iv. xiiii. 1579 Roofe trees are Timbers of light wood, that goe from the Halfe-decke to the Forecastle, and are to beare vp the gratings. 1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 13 They make a Iury-mast..with yards, rouftrees, or what they can. 1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 86 Roofe-trees. Are those timbers..that goe from the halfe Deck, to the fore-Castell. 1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services 132 Roof~trees, or as they are vulgarly called, Ruff-trees, are those Timbers which go from the Half-deck to the Fore-castle, and serve to bear up the Gratings, and Ledges where the Nettings are fastned. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xv. 37/1 The Roofe trees are light wood that goes ouer the decks and fore-castle to beare vp the gratings and ledges wherein the netting ly. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) That Peece of Timber which on Occasion is laid over the Half Deck to bear up Nettings, Sails, or Peeces of Canvas, is called a Roof-tree. 1789 Trans. Soc. Arts 7 217 In a merchant-man, her ruff-tree. ?1798 Encyclopaedia (Amer. ed.) XIII. at Nettings, 16/2 They are sometimes stretched upon the ledges from the waste-trees to the roof-trees. Phrases Scottish. to your (his, etc.) roof-tree: as a toast to prosperity for home and family. Now chiefly historical. ΚΠ 1754 E. Burt Lett. N. Scotl. II. xvi. 41 As we say..—To your Fire-Side; he says much to the same Purpose—To your Roof Tree. 1809 J. Carr in Eclectic Rev. Apr. 307 It is usual, as a compliment to the host, to drink to his roof-tree, alluding to the principal beam, which by its weight enables the roof to resist the pressure of a mountain squall. 1842 D. Vedder Poems 141 We'll a' haud a ranting holiday, An' drink success to the laird's roof-tree. 1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) III. 726/3 To your roof-tree, in Scotland, a toast expressive of a wish for prosperity to one's family, because the roof-tree covers the house and all in it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1321
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