Roman Catholicn.adj.

Brit.

/ˌrəʊmən ˈkaθ(ə)lɪk/,

/ˌrəʊmən ˈkaθl̩ɪk/, U.S.

/ˌroʊmən ˈkæθ(ə)lɪk/

Forms: see Roman n.¹ and adj.¹ and catholic adj. and n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Roman adj.¹, catholic n., catholic adj.

Etymology: In use as noun < Roman adj.¹ + catholic n.; compare earlier Romish Catholic n. In use as adjective < Roman adj.¹ + catholic adj.; compare earlier Romish Catholic adj. Compare post-classical Latin Romano-Catholicus (1603 or earlier), Romanus Catholicus (from 1623 in British sources).The use of the compounds (and their predecessors Romish Catholic adj., Romish Catholic n.) apparently originated among English Protestants who regarded themselves as the true Catholics, rather than those who remained loyal to the Pope, whom they therefore distinguished as Romish or Roman Catholics (compare Romish adj. 2, Roman adj.¹ 8). Roman Catholic was apparently not used as a self-designation until some decades later, although a similar compound with inverted word order (reflecting the Latin and French word order) is occasionally found as self-designation as an adjective, e.g. in the following early example, which reflects Middle French église catholique romaine (1566 or earlier; probably itself after post-classical Latin catholica romana ecclesia (12th cent.); compare also the fuller form of the Roman Catholic Church's self-designation, Middle French, French église romaine catholique et apostolique (1602 or earlier)):1575 tr. J. D'Albin de Valsergues Notable Disc. xxviii. f. 64 They preached, that the Pope was Antichriste, shewinge themselues verye eloquent in detracting and rayling against y^e Catholike Romane Churche [Fr. l'Église Catholique Romaine]. The use in quot. 1587 at sense B. (by the Calvinist theologian Théodore de Bèze) likewise reflects Middle French église catholique romaine as self-designation. Compare Spanish iglesia católica romana (1562), Italian religione cattolica romana (1573). With the use as noun compare Middle French, French catholique romain (1580 or earlier), Spanish católico romano (a1660), Italian cattolico romano (a1701), nouns; the French compound noun is apparently first attested in a derogatory context in a work by a Calvinist author, Jean de Léry, whereas the Italian and Spanish compound nouns first occur in works by Roman Catholic authors. For parallel compounds in other Germanic languages see Romish Catholic adj. and n. More general acceptance of Roman Catholic as a non-controversial term seems to have followed its use for conciliatory reasons in negotiations connected with the proposed marriage between Prince Charles, son of James I, and Isabella of Spain in 1618–24 (compare quot. 1623 at sense B., which is taken from contemporary English documents relating to these negotiations). The compound form has long been used in contexts where it is important to avoid the ambiguity of Catholic used alone. For a fuller discussion of the history of the term see H. Thurston in Month (1911) Sept. 290–304.

A. n.

A member or adherent of the Roman Catholic Church; = catholic n. 1b. Also (occasionally) in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > person > [noun]

papist1528

Romanist1534

Roman1537

Romist1543

papistic1545

popestant1549

flesh-maker1551

mass-monger1551

Romish1551

Pope catholicc1554

popeling1563

catholic1570

Romish Catholic1571

popera1577

Pope worshipper1579

papane1581

Roman Catholic1581

Cacolike1582

Cartholic1582

papisha1595

Babylonian1603

papal1611

popinian1613

Papalin1616

Romulist1620

papicolist1633

western1640

papagan1641

universalist1644

red-letter man1677

RC1691

Azymite1728

papalist1752

craw-thumper1786

catholicist1812

papisher1817

pontifical1832

Romanite1839

dogan1847

mickey1851

redneck1852

mackerel-snatcher1855

Latin1867

Romanensian1885

Roman candle1897

Mick1902

Mick Dooley1905

Mickey Doo1905

left-footer1911

Pape1927

right-footer1929

Doolan1940

tyke1941

Tim1958

mackerel-snapper1960

Teague1971

Mickey Doolan1972

1581 P. Wiburn Checke or Reproofe M. Howlets Shreeching f. 27 The profession of y^e Gospel followeth not your Romaine Catholikes.

1586 R. Crowley Fryer Iohn Frauncis: Replication to Lewde Aunswere f. 23 You Romaine Catholickes, doo make all the Bookes that are founde in the Byble of like authoritie.

1606 R. Parsons Answere 5th Pt. Rep. Cooke 8 I cannot but marueile, with what shew of reason, this Knight Attorney here now, as also another knight Puritan not long agoe..should obiect so confidently Ignorance to Romane Catholiks of these our dayes.

1615 J. Day Festivals 159 Nor meant it Romane Catholiques, but good true Catholiques indeed.

1629 H. Burton Truth's Triumph 51 To reconcile this Catholicke word Imputation, to the Church of Rome, and to make it a Roman-Catholicke.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 146 There was a stiffe Roman Catholick (as they delight to term themselves) otherwise a man well accomplished.

1673 J. Milton True Relig. 5 Whereas the Papist boasts himself to be a Roman Catholick, it is a meer contradiction, one of the Popes Bulls.

1715 J. Addison Freeholder (1751) 12 Having been joined by a considerable Reinforcement of Roman-Catholicks.

1737 J. Ozell tr. F. Rabelais Wks. I. Author's Prol. p. cxxxi. (note) I have translated Confesseur, Confessarius, for so our English Roman Catholics call their Father Confessor.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1763 I. 254 In the afternoon the gentlewoman talked violently against the Roman Catholicks.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 231 His brother and heir presumptive was known to be a bigoted Roman Catholic.

1872 E. A. Freeman Gen. Sketch European Hist. xvii. §16 By the admission of the Roman Catholics to equal rights with Protestants.

1920 C. Carswell Open Door! i. i. 14 Had she been a Roman Catholic she would undoubtedly have entered some working Order... But to her the Church of Rome was the Scarlet Woman.

1971 P. Berton Last Spike ix. ii. 387 He was..a handsome, large-hearted Irishman with a large following among the Roman Catholics of Ontario.

2001 U.S. News & World Rep. 17 Sept. 29/1 Northern Belfast's Ardoyne district, where enclaves of Roman Catholics and Protestants rub uncomfortably against each other.

B. adj.

Designating that part of the Christian Church which acknowledges the Pope as its head; of, relating to, associated with, or (supposedly) characteristic of this church; = catholic adj. 5.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > [adjective]

RomanisheOE

Laterana1400

Romana1500

papistical1527

popish1528

antichristian1532

pontifical1533

Babylonical1535

papish1538

Romish1538

papistic1545

west1549

catholic1554

mass-monging1556

western1562

Latin1564

Babylonian1567

Babylonish1570

Romish Catholic?1570

Romanist1572

Roman Catholic1587

papala1593

pseudo-catholical1601

Babylonic1602

pseudo-Catholic1605

Romist1605

Romified1609

Babelish1610

papizing1612

pontifician1612

pontificial1614

Romulean1615

papized1639

Romanistical1646

Romanical1664

papagan1679

popish-like1689

Anglo-Roman1766

papicolar1811

Romanistic1829

pre-Reformation1855

papalistic1861

papalized1879

1587 J. Harmar tr. T. de Bèze Serm. 325 They whom they cal the Church representatiue (the titles whereof they afterwards either shorten or lengthen as please them, calling it sometimes the Romane Church, sometimes the Romane Catholique Church, & sometimes the Catholique Apostolicall Romane Church).

1591 in Month (1911) Sept. 299 He was perswaded..to relinquish the said religion and to conforme himselfe to the Romaine Catholique religion.

1614 T. Gentleman Englands Way to win Wealth 18 All those Romaine Catholicke, and Papisticall Countries.

1623 in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll. (1659) 86 That as well the most gratious Infanta as all her Servants and Family shall have free use and public Exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 458. ¶5 English Gentlemen who travel into Roman Catholick Countries.

1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 12 The largeness and opulence of the lands in the Roman catholic districts.

1791 Act 31 Geo. III c. 32 §16 As a Roman Catholick School-master or School-mistress.

1817 J. Jebb Let. 28 Feb. in J. Jebb & A. Knox Thirty Years' Corr. (1834) II. 314 Observe, that our Roman catholic, and church of England parishes, are not exactly conterminous.

1864 Leeds Mercury 11 Mar. The men known under the general name of Fenians..are regarded with no friendly eye by the Roman Catholic clergy in Ireland and America.

1923 Musical Times 64 622/1 She was condemned..to be pressed to death, for having harboured a Roman Catholic priest.

1979 L. Blue Backdoor to Heaven xv. 75 For some reason ‘progressive’ Jewish ministers wear Roman Catholic hats with pompoms.

2008 Church Times 25 July 30/1 A rift has opened between Roman Catholic bishops and the Philippines legislature over a family planning bill.

Derivatives

ˌRoman Caˈtholically adv. rare

ΚΠ

1842 F. Trollope Visit to Italy I. iii. 43 Many among them [sc. churches in Genoa] must be accounted, Roman-catholically speaking, as very rich.

2000 J. C. Haughey in J. R. Wilcox & I. King Enhancing Relig. Identity 158 This [sc. ‘catholically’] does not mean ‘Roman Catholically’ in a denominational or parochial sense.

ˌRoman ˈCatholicly adv. rare

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > [adverb]

popishly1538

Romishly1541

catholicly1542

papistically1572

malignantly1645

papistlyc1649

Roman Catholicly1687

1687 J. Reed Animadversions 19 That days controversie was in order to take away all suspicion of your being Roman Cotholickly inclined.

1743 H. Walpole Let. 25 Mar. in Lett. to H. Mann (1833) I. 262 You are either run Roman Catholicly devout, or take me to be so.

1985 J. Rogge in E. J. Furcha Huldrych Zwingli 49 Zwingli's politically engaged, but Roman Catholicly integrated conformity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	roman catholic
释义	Roman Catholicn.adj. Brit. /ˌrəʊmən ˈkaθ(ə)lɪk/, /ˌrəʊmən ˈkaθl̩ɪk/, U.S. /ˌroʊmən ˈkæθ(ə)lɪk/ Forms: see Roman n.¹ and adj.¹ and catholic adj. and n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Roman adj.¹, catholic n., catholic adj. Etymology: In use as noun < Roman adj.¹ + catholic n.; compare earlier Romish Catholic n. In use as adjective < Roman adj.¹ + catholic adj.; compare earlier Romish Catholic adj. Compare post-classical Latin Romano-Catholicus (1603 or earlier), Romanus Catholicus (from 1623 in British sources).The use of the compounds (and their predecessors Romish Catholic adj., Romish Catholic n.) apparently originated among English Protestants who regarded themselves as the true Catholics, rather than those who remained loyal to the Pope, whom they therefore distinguished as Romish or Roman Catholics (compare Romish adj. 2, Roman adj.¹ 8). Roman Catholic was apparently not used as a self-designation until some decades later, although a similar compound with inverted word order (reflecting the Latin and French word order) is occasionally found as self-designation as an adjective, e.g. in the following early example, which reflects Middle French église catholique romaine (1566 or earlier; probably itself after post-classical Latin catholica romana ecclesia (12th cent.); compare also the fuller form of the Roman Catholic Church's self-designation, Middle French, French église romaine catholique et apostolique (1602 or earlier)):1575 tr. J. D'Albin de Valsergues Notable Disc. xxviii. f. 64 They preached, that the Pope was Antichriste, shewinge themselues verye eloquent in detracting and rayling against y^e Catholike Romane Churche [Fr. l'Église Catholique Romaine]. The use in quot. 1587 at sense B. (by the Calvinist theologian Théodore de Bèze) likewise reflects Middle French église catholique romaine as self-designation. Compare Spanish iglesia católica romana (1562), Italian religione cattolica romana (1573). With the use as noun compare Middle French, French catholique romain (1580 or earlier), Spanish católico romano (a1660), Italian cattolico romano (a1701), nouns; the French compound noun is apparently first attested in a derogatory context in a work by a Calvinist author, Jean de Léry, whereas the Italian and Spanish compound nouns first occur in works by Roman Catholic authors. For parallel compounds in other Germanic languages see Romish Catholic adj. and n. More general acceptance of Roman Catholic as a non-controversial term seems to have followed its use for conciliatory reasons in negotiations connected with the proposed marriage between Prince Charles, son of James I, and Isabella of Spain in 1618–24 (compare quot. 1623 at sense B., which is taken from contemporary English documents relating to these negotiations). The compound form has long been used in contexts where it is important to avoid the ambiguity of Catholic used alone. For a fuller discussion of the history of the term see H. Thurston in Month (1911) Sept. 290–304. A. n. A member or adherent of the Roman Catholic Church; = catholic n. 1b. Also (occasionally) in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > person > [noun] papist1528 Romanist1534 Roman1537 Romist1543 papistic1545 popestant1549 flesh-maker1551 mass-monger1551 Romish1551 Pope catholicc1554 popeling1563 catholic1570 Romish Catholic1571 popera1577 Pope worshipper1579 papane1581 Roman Catholic1581 Cacolike1582 Cartholic1582 papisha1595 Babylonian1603 papal1611 popinian1613 Papalin1616 Romulist1620 papicolist1633 western1640 papagan1641 universalist1644 red-letter man1677 RC1691 Azymite1728 papalist1752 craw-thumper1786 catholicist1812 papisher1817 pontifical1832 Romanite1839 dogan1847 mickey1851 redneck1852 mackerel-snatcher1855 Latin1867 Romanensian1885 Roman candle1897 Mick1902 Mick Dooley1905 Mickey Doo1905 left-footer1911 Pape1927 right-footer1929 Doolan1940 tyke1941 Tim1958 mackerel-snapper1960 Teague1971 Mickey Doolan1972 1581 P. Wiburn Checke or Reproofe M. Howlets Shreeching f. 27 The profession of y^e Gospel followeth not your Romaine Catholikes. 1586 R. Crowley Fryer Iohn Frauncis: Replication to Lewde Aunswere f. 23 You Romaine Catholickes, doo make all the Bookes that are founde in the Byble of like authoritie. 1606 R. Parsons Answere 5th Pt. Rep. Cooke 8 I cannot but marueile, with what shew of reason, this Knight Attorney here now, as also another knight Puritan not long agoe..should obiect so confidently Ignorance to Romane Catholiks of these our dayes. 1615 J. Day Festivals 159 Nor meant it Romane Catholiques, but good true Catholiques indeed. 1629 H. Burton Truth's Triumph 51 To reconcile this Catholicke word Imputation, to the Church of Rome, and to make it a Roman-Catholicke. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 146 There was a stiffe Roman Catholick (as they delight to term themselves) otherwise a man well accomplished. 1673 J. Milton True Relig. 5 Whereas the Papist boasts himself to be a Roman Catholick, it is a meer contradiction, one of the Popes Bulls. 1715 J. Addison Freeholder (1751) 12 Having been joined by a considerable Reinforcement of Roman-Catholicks. 1737 J. Ozell tr. F. Rabelais Wks. I. Author's Prol. p. cxxxi. (note) I have translated Confesseur, Confessarius, for so our English Roman Catholics call their Father Confessor. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1763 I. 254 In the afternoon the gentlewoman talked violently against the Roman Catholicks. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 231 His brother and heir presumptive was known to be a bigoted Roman Catholic. 1872 E. A. Freeman Gen. Sketch European Hist. xvii. §16 By the admission of the Roman Catholics to equal rights with Protestants. 1920 C. Carswell Open Door! i. i. 14 Had she been a Roman Catholic she would undoubtedly have entered some working Order... But to her the Church of Rome was the Scarlet Woman. 1971 P. Berton Last Spike ix. ii. 387 He was..a handsome, large-hearted Irishman with a large following among the Roman Catholics of Ontario. 2001 U.S. News & World Rep. 17 Sept. 29/1 Northern Belfast's Ardoyne district, where enclaves of Roman Catholics and Protestants rub uncomfortably against each other. B. adj. Designating that part of the Christian Church which acknowledges the Pope as its head; of, relating to, associated with, or (supposedly) characteristic of this church; = catholic adj. 5. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > [adjective] RomanisheOE Laterana1400 Romana1500 papistical1527 popish1528 antichristian1532 pontifical1533 Babylonical1535 papish1538 Romish1538 papistic1545 west1549 catholic1554 catholic1554 mass-monging1556 western1562 Latin1564 Babylonian1567 Babylonish1570 Romish Catholic?1570 Romanist1572 Roman Catholic1587 papala1593 pseudo-catholical1601 Babylonic1602 pseudo-Catholic1605 Romist1605 Romified1609 Babelish1610 papizing1612 pontifician1612 pontificial1614 Romulean1615 papized1639 Romanistical1646 Romanical1664 papagan1679 popish-like1689 Anglo-Roman1766 papicolar1811 Romanistic1829 pre-Reformation1855 papalistic1861 papalized1879 1587 J. Harmar tr. T. de Bèze Serm. 325 They whom they cal the Church representatiue (the titles whereof they afterwards either shorten or lengthen as please them, calling it sometimes the Romane Church, sometimes the Romane Catholique Church, & sometimes the Catholique Apostolicall Romane Church). 1591 in Month (1911) Sept. 299 He was perswaded..to relinquish the said religion and to conforme himselfe to the Romaine Catholique religion. 1614 T. Gentleman Englands Way to win Wealth 18 All those Romaine Catholicke, and Papisticall Countries. 1623 in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll. (1659) 86 That as well the most gratious Infanta as all her Servants and Family shall have free use and public Exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 458. ¶5 English Gentlemen who travel into Roman Catholick Countries. 1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 12 The largeness and opulence of the lands in the Roman catholic districts. 1791 Act 31 Geo. III c. 32 §16 As a Roman Catholick School-master or School-mistress. 1817 J. Jebb Let. 28 Feb. in J. Jebb & A. Knox Thirty Years' Corr. (1834) II. 314 Observe, that our Roman catholic, and church of England parishes, are not exactly conterminous. 1864 Leeds Mercury 11 Mar. The men known under the general name of Fenians..are regarded with no friendly eye by the Roman Catholic clergy in Ireland and America. 1923 Musical Times 64 622/1 She was condemned..to be pressed to death, for having harboured a Roman Catholic priest. 1979 L. Blue Backdoor to Heaven xv. 75 For some reason ‘progressive’ Jewish ministers wear Roman Catholic hats with pompoms. 2008 Church Times 25 July 30/1 A rift has opened between Roman Catholic bishops and the Philippines legislature over a family planning bill. Derivatives ˌRoman Caˈtholically adv. rare ΚΠ 1842 F. Trollope Visit to Italy I. iii. 43 Many among them [sc. churches in Genoa] must be accounted, Roman-catholically speaking, as very rich. 2000 J. C. Haughey in J. R. Wilcox & I. King Enhancing Relig. Identity 158 This [sc. ‘catholically’] does not mean ‘Roman Catholically’ in a denominational or parochial sense. ˌRoman ˈCatholicly adv. rare ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > [adverb] popishly1538 Romishly1541 catholicly1542 papistically1572 malignantly1645 papistlyc1649 Roman Catholicly1687 1687 J. Reed Animadversions 19 That days controversie was in order to take away all suspicion of your being Roman Cotholickly inclined. 1743 H. Walpole Let. 25 Mar. in Lett. to H. Mann (1833) I. 262 You are either run Roman Catholicly devout, or take me to be so. 1985 J. Rogge in E. J. Furcha Huldrych Zwingli 49 Zwingli's politically engaged, but Roman Catholicly integrated conformity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1581
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