rigorouslyadv.

Brit.

/ˈrɪɡ(ə)rəsli/, U.S.

/ˈrɪɡ(ə)rəsli/

Forms: see rigorous adj. and -ly suffix²; also late Middle English rigorisly, late Middle English rigouresly, late Middle English rygoursly; Scottish pre-1700 regourslie, pre-1700 rigourislye.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rigorous adj., -ly suffix².

Etymology: < rigorous adj. + -ly suffix². Compare Anglo-Norman rigourousement and Middle French, French rigoureusement (13th cent. in Old French). In sense 1 apparently after the meanings of classical Latin rigor rigour n. (compare later rigour n. 8).

†1. With rigidity, stiffly. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > types of hardness > [adverb] > stiffly or rigidly

rigorouslyc1425

starkly?1523

stricklinga1642

starchedly1670

stiffly1678

rigidly1759

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 28 (MED) The extremyteis of his fyngers were so rigorisly contracte in the synowys that he myght vnneith put mete to his moweth.

a. With strictness or vigour; actively, strongly; severely, harshly.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > strictness > [adverb] > rigorously

rigorously1426

rigoriouslyc1515

Rhadamanthously1859

1426–7 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 12 Walter hath sued, and yet rigerously sueth, a wrytte of decies tantum ageyns x persones of þe seyd jnquisicion.

1442 in J. Graves Proc. King's Council Ireland (1877) 276 (MED) He hath so rigorously entreted your pouere people..that they dar not sey the trouth.

c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 6628 Rygorously to denovnce Hys curse vpon the folkys all Which that in the sentence fall.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope xiii. f. cxxxiij^v The mayster came to his seruaunt Medius and rygorously sayd to hym, [etc.].

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. cxxxv Justyce ought be wayed..By egall mesure, all fauour set asyde Nat rygorously for..displeasaunce.

1576 A. Fleming tr. Hippocrates in Panoplie Epist. 280 Some..plucked their haires up by the rootes most rigorously.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. xvii. 374 They did whip themselves rigorously in the maner aforesaid.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Northampt. 285 It brake his heart, that the Queen..rigorously demanded the present payment of some arrears.

1707 G. Hickes Two Treat. ii. i. 242 This rigorously exercis'd Supremacy, which our Princes have since explained into a sounder Sense.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall VI. lxiv. 311 The tribute was rigorously collected.

1803 J. Mackintosh in Trial J. Peltier 71 The horrible consequences of enforcing rigorously principles of law..against political writers.

1867 S. Smiles Huguenots Eng. & Ireland viii. 185 The provisions of the Edict of Revocation were rigorously put in force.

1969 R. Godden In this House of Brede ix. 232 Dame Agnes was paring expenses so rigorously that the community was growing restless.

2007 Guardian 15 Dec. 41/1 That such suffering is deliberately inflicted on so many animals..obligates us to ensure experiments are rigorously regulated.

b. Without exception or allowance; rigidly, consistently.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > [adverb] > fully or to full extent or in full > with no exceptions > or allowance

rigorously1447

1447 in G. W. Kitchin Rec. N. Convocation (1907) 180 (MED) Such statutes as be penall owe not..to be rigorously understande ne extende over the playnes of the termes.

1603 T. Lodge Treat. Plague viii. sig. F3 They are wont to haue the prefixed terme of fortie dayes [of quarantine].., yet ought not this terme, equally and rigorously be obserued in all.

1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §77. 87 Respect and Submission is due to the Father's Orders, and must always be rigorously exacted.

1739 R. Ross Coll. Papers relating to Linen Manuf. iii. 40 The tax for Lapping is unequally distributed. 'Tis rigorously exacted from the poor, while their wealthy neighbours are exempted.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. ii. 41 Freedmen..were rigorously excluded from civil employments and military service.

1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiv. iii. 641 As a primary measure, Belleisle keeps those orders of his rigorously secret.

1885 Law Times Rep. 53 319/2 An ambulance station..from which the public is rigorously excluded.

1891 Law Times 91 21/2 The City Sittings..must be rigorously protected against the invasion of rubbish of this description.

1911 W. J. Locke Glory of Clementina Wing xxii. 277 The studio was rigorously closed to him during the daylight hours.

2004 D. King Pornographer Diaries x. 125 A three-drink minimum was rigorously enforced by Paddy.

3. With close attention to or regard for accuracy, detail, or thoroughness; exactly, precisely; minutely, exhaustively.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > exactness, accuracy, precision > [adverb] > strictly

strait1338

smally1340

at point devicec1390

point-devicec1425

precisely1526

to the point device1542

just1549

rigorously1561

by the square1570

curiously1573

by point device1575

in print1576

to a tittle1597

nicelya1616

to a hair's breadtha1616

point-vice1641

to a nicka1680

to a cow's thumb1681

to a tee1693

narrowly1708

scrupulously1712

to a dot1728

perjinkly1775

to a nicety1795

astringently1866

to a fit1890

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. x. f. 60^v Euery small tittle is a hundred times more rigerously loked vnto.

1584 J. Rainolds & J. Hart Summe of Conf. iv. 157 If their wordes should be rigorously sifted, the truth is sometimes ouerlashed.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxv. 133 He may interrupt him, and examine his reasons more rigorously.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 394 To speak rigorously, there is no haven in those parts.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iii. 365 They ought always to be defined, the Definitions rigorously kept to.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xlv. 278 When, therefore, the motion of two bodies..is considered rigorously, the central body should not be regarded as fixed.

1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. (1849) xvi. 152 They have been predicted and computed rigorously by the laws of mechanics.

1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. 498 A solution which will be more and more nearly rigorously correct the oftener we pass it through the machine.

1965 S. Lipschutz Outl. Theory & Probl. Gen. Topol. i. 5 The notion ‘ordered pair’〈a , b〉 is defined rigorously by 〈a , b〉≡{{a}, {a , b}}.

1992 ELT Jrnl. 46 96 At one extreme ‘a profession’ can in the first instance be fairly rigorously defined with reference to a number of criteria.

4. Scrupulously, punctiliously, conscientiously; so as to conform with strict or exacting standards.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > [adverb]

straitlyc1290

holilyc1374

strait1390

unpartingly1435

ritelyc1475

religiously1534

heedfully1561

rigorouslya1564

heedily1577

officiously1582

strictly1597

punctually1598

ritually1612

unadulterously1643

observantially1652

righteously1748

a1564 Q. Kennedy Breif Tracteit in 2 Eucharistic Tracts (1964) 114/31 Ane man suld exame hyme self sa rigourislye affor he resaue the sacrament.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xviii. 211 Their fast on the 17. of the fourth Moneth for the destruction of their Citie is rigorously kept.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 26 The Fast which the Muscovites very rigorously observe before Christmas.

1750 Student 1 No. 2. 48 He is..rigorously just in discharging the duties of his station.

1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede I. i. xi. 217 She was too rigorously truthful for benevolent invention.

1908 Outlook 11 Jan. 89/1 In some peasant families the fast is so rigorously observed that the mothers consider it sinful to give their babies milk.

1951 M. McLuhan Mech. Bride 72/2 She has to be so rigorously self-controlled during several years of dating.

1999 Newsweek 29 Nov. 78/1 He rigorously follows the Talmudic French laws regulating champagne making.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rigorously
释义	rigorouslyadv. Brit. /ˈrɪɡ(ə)rəsli/, U.S. /ˈrɪɡ(ə)rəsli/ Forms: see rigorous adj. and -ly suffix²; also late Middle English rigorisly, late Middle English rigouresly, late Middle English rygoursly; Scottish pre-1700 regourslie, pre-1700 rigourislye. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rigorous adj., -ly suffix². Etymology: < rigorous adj. + -ly suffix². Compare Anglo-Norman rigourousement and Middle French, French rigoureusement (13th cent. in Old French). In sense 1 apparently after the meanings of classical Latin rigor rigour n. (compare later rigour n. 8). †1. With rigidity, stiffly. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > types of hardness > [adverb] > stiffly or rigidly rigorouslyc1425 starkly?1523 stricklinga1642 starchedly1670 stiffly1678 rigidly1759 c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 28 (MED) The extremyteis of his fyngers were so rigorisly contracte in the synowys that he myght vnneith put mete to his moweth. 2. a. With strictness or vigour; actively, strongly; severely, harshly. ΘΚΠ society > authority > strictness > [adverb] > rigorously rigorously1426 rigoriouslyc1515 Rhadamanthously1859 1426–7 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 12 Walter hath sued, and yet rigerously sueth, a wrytte of decies tantum ageyns x persones of þe seyd jnquisicion. 1442 in J. Graves Proc. King's Council Ireland (1877) 276 (MED) He hath so rigorously entreted your pouere people..that they dar not sey the trouth. c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 6628 Rygorously to denovnce Hys curse vpon the folkys all Which that in the sentence fall. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope xiii. f. cxxxiij^v The mayster came to his seruaunt Medius and rygorously sayd to hym, [etc.]. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. cxxxv Justyce ought be wayed..By egall mesure, all fauour set asyde Nat rygorously for..displeasaunce. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Hippocrates in Panoplie Epist. 280 Some..plucked their haires up by the rootes most rigorously. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. xvii. 374 They did whip themselves rigorously in the maner aforesaid. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Northampt. 285 It brake his heart, that the Queen..rigorously demanded the present payment of some arrears. 1707 G. Hickes Two Treat. ii. i. 242 This rigorously exercis'd Supremacy, which our Princes have since explained into a sounder Sense. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall VI. lxiv. 311 The tribute was rigorously collected. 1803 J. Mackintosh in Trial J. Peltier 71 The horrible consequences of enforcing rigorously principles of law..against political writers. 1867 S. Smiles Huguenots Eng. & Ireland viii. 185 The provisions of the Edict of Revocation were rigorously put in force. 1969 R. Godden In this House of Brede ix. 232 Dame Agnes was paring expenses so rigorously that the community was growing restless. 2007 Guardian 15 Dec. 41/1 That such suffering is deliberately inflicted on so many animals..obligates us to ensure experiments are rigorously regulated. b. Without exception or allowance; rigidly, consistently. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > [adverb] > fully or to full extent or in full > with no exceptions > or allowance rigorously1447 1447 in G. W. Kitchin Rec. N. Convocation (1907) 180 (MED) Such statutes as be penall owe not..to be rigorously understande ne extende over the playnes of the termes. 1603 T. Lodge Treat. Plague viii. sig. F3 They are wont to haue the prefixed terme of fortie dayes [of quarantine].., yet ought not this terme, equally and rigorously be obserued in all. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §77. 87 Respect and Submission is due to the Father's Orders, and must always be rigorously exacted. 1739 R. Ross Coll. Papers relating to Linen Manuf. iii. 40 The tax for Lapping is unequally distributed. 'Tis rigorously exacted from the poor, while their wealthy neighbours are exempted. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. ii. 41 Freedmen..were rigorously excluded from civil employments and military service. 1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiv. iii. 641 As a primary measure, Belleisle keeps those orders of his rigorously secret. 1885 Law Times Rep. 53 319/2 An ambulance station..from which the public is rigorously excluded. 1891 Law Times 91 21/2 The City Sittings..must be rigorously protected against the invasion of rubbish of this description. 1911 W. J. Locke Glory of Clementina Wing xxii. 277 The studio was rigorously closed to him during the daylight hours. 2004 D. King Pornographer Diaries x. 125 A three-drink minimum was rigorously enforced by Paddy. 3. With close attention to or regard for accuracy, detail, or thoroughness; exactly, precisely; minutely, exhaustively. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > exactness, accuracy, precision > [adverb] > strictly strait1338 smally1340 at point devicec1390 point-devicec1425 precisely1526 to the point device1542 just1549 rigorously1561 by the square1570 curiously1573 by point device1575 in print1576 to a tittle1597 nicelya1616 to a hair's breadtha1616 point-vice1641 to a nicka1680 to a cow's thumb1681 to a tee1693 narrowly1708 scrupulously1712 to a dot1728 perjinkly1775 to a nicety1795 astringently1866 to a fit1890 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. x. f. 60^v Euery small tittle is a hundred times more rigerously loked vnto. 1584 J. Rainolds & J. Hart Summe of Conf. iv. 157 If their wordes should be rigorously sifted, the truth is sometimes ouerlashed. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxv. 133 He may interrupt him, and examine his reasons more rigorously. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 394 To speak rigorously, there is no haven in those parts. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iii. 365 They ought always to be defined, the Definitions rigorously kept to. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xlv. 278 When, therefore, the motion of two bodies..is considered rigorously, the central body should not be regarded as fixed. 1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. (1849) xvi. 152 They have been predicted and computed rigorously by the laws of mechanics. 1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. 498 A solution which will be more and more nearly rigorously correct the oftener we pass it through the machine. 1965 S. Lipschutz Outl. Theory & Probl. Gen. Topol. i. 5 The notion ‘ordered pair’〈a , b〉 is defined rigorously by 〈a , b〉≡{{a}, {a , b}}. 1992 ELT Jrnl. 46 96 At one extreme ‘a profession’ can in the first instance be fairly rigorously defined with reference to a number of criteria. 4. Scrupulously, punctiliously, conscientiously; so as to conform with strict or exacting standards. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > [adverb] straitlyc1290 holilyc1374 strait1390 unpartingly1435 ritelyc1475 religiously1534 heedfully1561 rigorouslya1564 heedily1577 officiously1582 strictly1597 punctually1598 ritually1612 unadulterously1643 observantially1652 righteously1748 a1564 Q. Kennedy Breif Tracteit in 2 Eucharistic Tracts (1964) 114/31 Ane man suld exame hyme self sa rigourislye affor he resaue the sacrament. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xviii. 211 Their fast on the 17. of the fourth Moneth for the destruction of their Citie is rigorously kept. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 26 The Fast which the Muscovites very rigorously observe before Christmas. 1750 Student 1 No. 2. 48 He is..rigorously just in discharging the duties of his station. 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede I. i. xi. 217 She was too rigorously truthful for benevolent invention. 1908 Outlook 11 Jan. 89/1 In some peasant families the fast is so rigorously observed that the mothers consider it sinful to give their babies milk. 1951 M. McLuhan Mech. Bride 72/2 She has to be so rigorously self-controlled during several years of dating. 1999 Newsweek 29 Nov. 78/1 He rigorously follows the Talmudic French laws regulating champagne making. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.c1425
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