rin.

Brit.

/riː/, U.S.

/ri/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, (rare) ris.

Forms: 1800s ree, 1800s re, 1800s rii, 1800s– ri.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Japanese. Partly a borrowing from Korean. Etymons: Japanese ri; Korean ri.

Etymology: Partly < Japanese ri unit of length (early 8th cent. denoting the length of a Chinese li, early 13th cent. denoting the modern length of a Japanese ri (standardized in 1876)), village (early 8th cent.; < Middle Chinese; compare Chinese lǐ li n.²), and partly (especially in sense 2 with reference to Korea) < Korean ri unit of length, village ( < the same Middle Chinese etymon). Compare earlier li n.²The length of a ri varies over time and in different countries; it was originally based on travel times and therefore varied according to the speed and mode of transport (e.g. foot or horse) assumed at any given point (compare the variation in length of league n.¹ and its European equivalents). It was apparently borrowed from Chinese (see li n.²) into Korean and Japanese with different values and continued a similar development in those languages.

1. A traditional East Asian unit of length now equal to approx. 3.93 kilometres (2.44 miles) in Japan and Korea (in Korea before the 20th cent. approx. 450 metres).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > Japanese units

ken1727

shaku1727

sun1727

ri1817

1817 Blackwood's Mag. Sept. 638/2 The distances between the principal and the tracts from Japan to the Chinese continent are marked in ri, or Japanese miles.

1874 Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan 1873–4 33 After a somewhat disagreeable walk of 3 ri Kusatsu is reached.

1883 Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan 11 245 At intervals along the road are seen mile posts indicating in Korean ri the distance from the capital. Ten Korean ri are equivalent to one Japanese ri or to two and a half English miles.

1890 B. H. Chamberlain Things Japanese 352 Tokyo..covers an immense area, popularly estimated at four ri in every direction, in other words, a hundred square miles.

1909 A. Lloyd Every-day Japan i. 9 The largest lake, Lake Biwa, which is 16 ri in length and 81 ri in circumference,..will remind the traveller..of the peaceful beauties of the Lake of Constance.

1992 Harvard Jrnl. Asiatic Stud. 52 43 A huge mythical bird said to be able to travel 90,000 ri per flight.

2002 Daily Yomiuri 9 Mar. 22/2 ‘It's only 18 ri (about 72 kilometers) to Kyoto,’ a resident of Obama, Fukui Prefecture tells a visitor.

2. In ancient Japan and in North and South Korea: the smallest subdivision of rural administration.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in Korea and Japan

ri1951

1951 D. H. James Rise & Fall Japanese Empire ii. 60 Kinai and Chiho were subdivided into Kuni (province), Gun (district) and Ri (township).

1959 R. K. Beardsley et al. Village Japan iii. 40 We have already mentioned the division of old Kibi into provinces (kuni). These were further divided into districts (kōri, later gun), and still further into villages (gō, today ‘mura’) and hamlets (ri).

1966 J. W. Hall Govt. & Local Power in Japan, 500 to 1700 iii. 82 Groups of fifty or fewer ko formed the administrative village, called ri.

1972 P. M. Bartz S. Korea 54/1 A myon may be divided into one or more ri... It is usually translated into English as ‘village’, but a ri does not ipso facto contain a village. It is merely the smallest area of rural subdivision.

1992 Population & Devel. Rev. 18 514 North Korea has also released data on the annual migration of its civilian population... They are tabulated at the level of North Korea's smallest administrative units, the ‘ri’ and the ‘dong’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ri
释义	rin. Brit. /riː/, U.S. /ri/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, (rare) ris. Forms: 1800s ree, 1800s re, 1800s rii, 1800s– ri. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Japanese. Partly a borrowing from Korean. Etymons: Japanese ri; Korean ri. Etymology: Partly < Japanese ri unit of length (early 8th cent. denoting the length of a Chinese li, early 13th cent. denoting the modern length of a Japanese ri (standardized in 1876)), village (early 8th cent.; < Middle Chinese; compare Chinese lǐ li n.²), and partly (especially in sense 2 with reference to Korea) < Korean ri unit of length, village ( < the same Middle Chinese etymon). Compare earlier li n.²The length of a ri varies over time and in different countries; it was originally based on travel times and therefore varied according to the speed and mode of transport (e.g. foot or horse) assumed at any given point (compare the variation in length of league n.¹ and its European equivalents). It was apparently borrowed from Chinese (see li n.²) into Korean and Japanese with different values and continued a similar development in those languages. 1. A traditional East Asian unit of length now equal to approx. 3.93 kilometres (2.44 miles) in Japan and Korea (in Korea before the 20th cent. approx. 450 metres). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > Japanese units ken1727 shaku1727 sun1727 ri1817 1817 Blackwood's Mag. Sept. 638/2 The distances between the principal and the tracts from Japan to the Chinese continent are marked in ri, or Japanese miles. 1874 Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan 1873–4 33 After a somewhat disagreeable walk of 3 ri Kusatsu is reached. 1883 Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan 11 245 At intervals along the road are seen mile posts indicating in Korean ri the distance from the capital. Ten Korean ri are equivalent to one Japanese ri or to two and a half English miles. 1890 B. H. Chamberlain Things Japanese 352 Tokyo..covers an immense area, popularly estimated at four ri in every direction, in other words, a hundred square miles. 1909 A. Lloyd Every-day Japan i. 9 The largest lake, Lake Biwa, which is 16 ri in length and 81 ri in circumference,..will remind the traveller..of the peaceful beauties of the Lake of Constance. 1992 Harvard Jrnl. Asiatic Stud. 52 43 A huge mythical bird said to be able to travel 90,000 ri per flight. 2002 Daily Yomiuri 9 Mar. 22/2 ‘It's only 18 ri (about 72 kilometers) to Kyoto,’ a resident of Obama, Fukui Prefecture tells a visitor. 2. In ancient Japan and in North and South Korea: the smallest subdivision of rural administration. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in Korea and Japan ri1951 1951 D. H. James Rise & Fall Japanese Empire ii. 60 Kinai and Chiho were subdivided into Kuni (province), Gun (district) and Ri (township). 1959 R. K. Beardsley et al. Village Japan iii. 40 We have already mentioned the division of old Kibi into provinces (kuni). These were further divided into districts (kōri, later gun), and still further into villages (gō, today ‘mura’) and hamlets (ri). 1966 J. W. Hall Govt. & Local Power in Japan, 500 to 1700 iii. 82 Groups of fifty or fewer ko formed the administrative village, called ri. 1972 P. M. Bartz S. Korea 54/1 A myon may be divided into one or more ri... It is usually translated into English as ‘village’, but a ri does not ipso facto contain a village. It is merely the smallest area of rural subdivision. 1992 Population & Devel. Rev. 18 514 North Korea has also released data on the annual migration of its civilian population... They are tabulated at the level of North Korea's smallest administrative units, the ‘ri’ and the ‘dong’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas RI RI n. religious instruction. ΘΚΠ society > education > [noun] > systematic education > religious education RE1920 RI1961 society > faith > worship > preaching > catechesis > [noun] > at school RE1920 RI1961 1961 Where? 3 16/2 Religious instruction (RI): The only subject which state schools are obliged to teach by law: in county and voluntary controlled schools. 1976 Evening Post (Nottingham) 15 Dec. 13/3 (advt.) A teacher required in January and April for Independent School..(3) R.I. with an interest in general counselling for girls 11 and over. 2002 Daily Mail (Nexis) 8 Aug. 6 In the Fens..you read the local paper the way you read the Bible during RI lessons at Village College. extracted from Rn. RI RI n. Royal Institution. Π 1803 Jrnl. Nat. Philos., Chem., & Arts Feb. 103 Journal of the R.I. 1860 Jrnl. Proc. Linnean Soc.: Zool. 4 p. liv Lectures on Education, delivered at the R.I. 1960 New Scientist 1 Dec. 1454/2 He was so excited at the prospect of working with the great man that..he had forgotten to ask how much he would be paid at the RI. 2006 P. Broks Understanding Pop. Sci. 159 The RI continues to play a major role in popularizing science. extracted from Rn. < n.1817 as lemmas
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rin.

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