ridingn.1
/ˈrʌɪdɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraɪdɪŋ/ I. Travelling on horseback, and related senses. † 4. In plural. Mounted soldiers or followers; knights. Also in singular (with plural agreement): the members of a mounted military company or cavalcade, considered collectively. Obsolete.† 6. Probably: = ride n.2 1. Also English regional (Northamptonshire): a division of a royal forest; cf. riding n.2 1. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
1. A way or road made for horse riders; esp. a track or path cut through or skirting a wood or covert; a ride. Cf. bridle path n. at bridle n. Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > [noun] > for horses or for riding
horse-way985
ridingc1175
ridewaya1500
warple1565
bridleway1667
stirrup-way1736
horse-road1740
bridle road1745
horse-path1755
bridle path1779
ride1789
bridle track1794
horse-track1836
bridle traila1858
spur road1883
horse-ride1903
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9213 Þær shulenn beon ridinngess nu. & effne & smeþe weȝȝess.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. xiii. sig. I6 The Lodge is..built in the forme of a starre; hauing round about a garden..: and beyond the gardein, ridings cut out, each aunswering the Angles of the Lodge.
1624 Issues Exchequer Jas. I. (1836) 294 For making divers new ridings within his Majesty's park at Theobalds,..making of standing bridges, levelling of ground [etc.].
1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 645 Their Avenues, Walks and Ridings.
1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 49 These Woods have no..rolled Walks in them, only Ridings cut for Hunting.
1768 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) III. 347 We had then wonderful road; some of the ridings (so called) being belly-deep.
1777–8 R. Wight Horæ Subsecivæ (MS Bodl. Eng. lang. d.66) 360 A Riding,..an open Road cut into the Woods for Waggons & Horses, different from a Visto, as not being cut in a strait line, but oftentimes Winding.
1806 D. Lysons & S. Lysons Berks. in Magna Brit. I. 201 (note) This [causeway] was levelled when the ridings were cut across the heath, and is now called the Devil's Riding.
1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iv. vii. 219 A green lane or riding by the river-side.
1919 T. Wright Romance of Lace Pillow xii. 110 What a relief..to be absolutely free for a few hours; to be able to..roam the ridings, racks, and glades of Yardley Chase.
1942 ‘B.B.’ Little Grey Men x. 139 The sun went down and the frog-like nightjars came out, hawking along the ridings.
1992 Newsletter (National Trust, Thames & Chilterns Region) Autumn 1/1 The park at Ashridge dates from medieval times and in its present form retains elements of its 17th century avenues and ridings.
2.
a. The action of riding in procession on horseback, esp. in commemoration of a festive or official occasion; an instance of this, a formal or ceremonial procession. Now chiefly historical.
ΚΠ
c1300 Sayings St. Bernard (Laud) in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 519 Ȝware is þis hoppingue and þis song, Þis ridingue and þis proute ȝong Þis hauekes and þis houndes?
1429 in Norfolk Archaeol. (1904) 15 149 (MED) Ye mayster hadde ye hors to ye meyres rydyng.
a1525 (?1475) Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 417 (MED) Euery Craft..to Com with their processions & Ridyng also, when the byn required by the Meire.
1614 Bp. W. Cowper Dikaiologie 103 Now you intermixe a discourse against the riding of Bishops at Parliament.
1671 in G. S. Pryde Court Bk. Kirkintilloch (1963) 35 Everie ane of thir men afternameit that wes absent at the rydeing of the faire shall paye and be at the bailyies will..for fourtie shilling Scots money.
a1722 J. Lauder Hist. Notices Sc. Affairs (1848) II. 634 Ther is a committee named..to rank and order the precedencies and forme of the riding, viz., the President, Register &c.
1889 M. A. S. Hume tr. Chron. King Henry VIII. of Eng. xxvi. 58 The Queen gave him a purse full of gold pieces, and told him to get ready for the ridings on May-day, to which the King was coming.
1984 Past & Present No. 105 94 The ‘watches’ or ‘ridings’..which, until the late sixteenth century, were often staged in the larger towns at Midsummer and around Christmas.
2002 Northern Echo (Nexis) 29 Oct. 6 This year travellers were told by Cleveland Police that..it would not be possible for horses to enter Yarm High Street during the ridings of the fair.
b. A ludicrous procession, typically accompanied by ‘rough music’, made through a village or neighbourhood in order to ridicule or shame a person or couple, esp. for mistreatment of a spouse. Also: the practice or custom of this. Cf. to ride the stang at stang n.1 1b, skimmington n. 2a. Now historical.The procession typically included an impersonator or effigy of the person ridiculed, but occasionally he or she was forced to ride (sometimes facing backwards) among the crowd.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > [noun] > mock procession
skimmington1634
riding1667
1667 S. Pepys Diary 10 June (1974) VIII. 257 There being a great Riding there today for a man, the constable of the town, whose wife beat him.
1697 Protestant Mercury No. 189 A Porter's Wife..Beat her Husband..; for which Crime, the Inhabitants made a Riding.
1719 J. Swift Quiet Life in Wks. (1735) II. 352 The Prentices procur'd a Riding, To act his Patience and her Chiding.
1765 J. Rayner Digest Law Conc. Libels iv. 7 Any Defamation..expressed either by Signs or Pictures, comes within the Notion of a Libel;..as by exposing a Man and his Wife by a Skimmington or Riding.
1854 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 9 578/1 At Marchington in Staffordshire, the custom exists of having a ‘Rantipole Riding’ for every man who beats his wife.
1985 D. E. Underdown in A. Fletcher & J. Stevenson Order & Disorder in Early Mod. Eng. 127 A procession making ‘rough music’..was a routine accompaniment to the ‘carting’ or 'riding' of a whore.
2003 P. A. Brown Better Shrew than Sheep iv. 119 A group of men and boys planning to subject a local woman to a riding were temporarily foiled by her gossips.
3.
a. The action, practice, or fact of sitting or travelling on a horse or other animal. Also: an instance of this; a journey or expedition made on horseback; now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun]
roadeOE
ridinga1325
horse-ridingc1610
bull riding1835
horseback1878
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > a ride or spell of riding or excursion
roadeOE
ridinga1325
train1575
trotc1650
ride1708
equitation1728
outride1740
horse-ride1903
a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Cambr.) (1929) 136 (MED) Quises, e nages, ou la fourchure Funt graunt eyse pur chivechure [glossed:] riding.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 148 (MED) Kepyng..fro stone is for leuyng of metez viscosez..And abstening..fro multitude of rydyng & labour of þe backe.
a1450 Late Middle Eng. Treat. on Horses (1978) 99 (MED) Mangew..wil come of sodayne fast ridynge when an hors..aftur gret swetynge stonduþ vnheled or out of house.
c1450 Form Excommun. (Douce 60) in G. Kristensson John Mirk's Instr. Parish Priests (1974) 107 (MED) We accursen hem by the auctorite of þe courte of Rome..sleping or waking, going & sytting, stonding and riding.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxiiv Broken wynded is an yll dysease: and cometh of ronnynge or ryding ouer moche..and woll nat be mended.
1569 A. Golding tr. N. Hemmingsen Postill (new ed.) f. 3 v This pomp of Chrystes riding intoo Hierusalem, maketh a difference between Christ our king and the kings of the world.
1632 P. Massinger Emperour of East i. ii. sig. C3 Tennis Courts Are chargeable, and the riding of great horses.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica v. xiii. 253 Using continuall riding, they were generally molested with the Sciatica or hippegowte. View more context for this quotation
1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 29 We made an Excursion to a village..distant about an hour and halfs riding.
1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 13 Aug. (1948) I. 331 I felt my last riding three days after.
1747 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 77/2 Such exercise is not much less salutiferous than riding, if the walker steps down firmly, so as to shake the intestines.
1790 W. Scott Let. 6 Aug. in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1837) I. vi. 103 Riding, fishing, and the other usual sports of the country.
a1817 J. Austen Watsons in Wks. (1954) VI. 331 He was very fond of riding, and had a horse of his own.
1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge i. 235 His nag gone lame in riding out here.
1869 J. Ruskin Queen of Air i. §39 The splendid riding of the Tarentines had made their name proverbial in Magna Græcia.
1906 E. M. Cesaresco Psychol. & Training of Horse 334 In our countries the entires are rarely reducible to obedience, and for this reason are not suited for the purpose of riding.
1945 N. Streatfeild Saplings x. 44 I've asked Gran to see that you two get all the riding you can before term starts.
1958 M. Sandoz Cattlemen v. ii. 491 Spontaneous ‘ridings’ out on some flat, or some pole corral in Texas.
1997 Gallop! Jan. 20/4 Even if I didn't ride, I'd still have horses because of the relationship that you get with them. Riding's the icing on the cake.
b. †A mounted combat or battle; a joust or tournament (obsolete). Also (chiefly Scottish): the action or practice of riding out with an armed company, for the purpose of combat or plunder; the carrying out of a raid or raids (esp. by the Scots across the Border into England); cf. ride v. 2a. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > a mounted combat
ridingc1330
horse-fight1603
c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 3908 Þo were afot seuen kinges, Gret slauȝter was at her rideinges, Þat þai no miȝt nouȝt keuer her destrers For her alder powers.
1386 in T. Rymer Foedora (1709) VII. 526 (MED) Yair sall not be at ya Rydings no Harme doynges.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 2814 By þe queyntise of þe kyng Was made vp swiche a ridyng.
?1435 in C. L. Kingsford Chrons. London (1905) 27 (MED) He hadde done areste and take the Duk off Gloucestre, the Erle off Arundel..not ffor no gaderynges, confederacyes, ne rydynges by hem done.
a1464 J. Capgrave Chron. Eng. (Cambr.) 224 (MED) The Kyng wrot onto hem, that thei schuld leve her ridyng, and go fro Frauns.
a1500 (?c1450) Bone Florence (1976) l. 623 (MED) Syr Emere askyd hys lorde þe kynge Yf he myght haue þe furste rydynge.
1542 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII V. 207 For the astabling of our Bordouris..and to stop all besynes and ryding within ȝour realme.
1566 Actis & Constit. Scotl. f. xxxviv Gif ony Scottisman dois ony tresoun, that is to say, warnis of the ryding of ane hoist, or ony Scottisman to do harme in Ingland,..he sall..be hangit & drawin.
1827 R. Chambers Picture of Scotl. I. 186 During that unhappy era still remembered in the county by the descriptive appellation of ‘the riding times’, Peeblesshire took its share in the system of mutual rapine and bloodshed.
1900 H. E. Scudder in Compl. Poet. Wks. Scott 520/2 (note) Among others, was the crime of riding, or causing to ride, against the opposite country during the time of truce.
c. The action or activity of sitting on and controlling a bicycle, motorcycle, etc., or of travelling in this way. Also: an instance of this (now rare).
ΚΠ
1868 T. Richmond Local Rec. Stockton & Neighbourhood 133 About this time the riding on Velocipedes became a leading amusement in Stockton, and other places.
1879 C. E. Pratt Amer. Bicycler iii. 29 Unlimited capacity of possible feats and fancy ridings.
1890 Chautauquan Oct. 91/1 A lady, suitably dressed for riding, is not half so conspicuous upon a bicycle as she is on horseback.
1962 Amer. Motorcyclist June 14/1 It was a perfect day for riding.
2005 B. Lopes & L. McCormack Mastering Mountain Bike Skills i. 3 There are as many types of bikes as there are types of riding.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > rider > [noun] > collectively
ridings1340
cavalrya1695
horse-lede-
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 24 Þe ilke..þengþ in his herte uerst to þe dignete..efterward to his uaire ridinges [c1450 Bk. Vices & Virtues his faire hors & hors-men].
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xiv. 9 All þe rydyng [a1425 L.V. chyualrye; L. equitatus] & þe charis of pharao & all þe oost wern in phiayroth aȝens Beelsephon.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Macc. x. 24 Tymothe, that..the ridyng, or horsmen, of Asie gadrid, came to as with armers, to takynge Judee.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Macc .iv. 7 Thei sawen the tentis of heithen men..and ridingis in cumpas of hem.
a1460 tr. Dicts & Sayings Philosophers (Helm.) (1999) 67 (MED) Loke thu thenke nat thiself the bettir for thi grete beaute..nor for thi faire ridinge [a1475 Scrope grete ridinge meyne] but oonly for thi goodnesse and thi fredome.
5. The action or practice of travelling as a passenger in a vehicle.
ΚΠ
1582 T. Lupton Christian against Iesuite xxiii. f. 37v You excuse the Pope in this his ryding in a chaire on mens backs, because otherwise the people should not receiue his benediction.
1612 tr. J. Guillemeau Child-birth i. xviii. 70 Diuers occasions, the which are either inward, or outward. The outward are..leaping, daunsing, riding in a Coach, too much stretching of her selfe, and the lifting, or carrying of any heauie burthen.
1725 Orig. & Genuine Lett. to Tatler & Spectator II. 183 How much I prefer the riding in a coach, with proper attendance, to the plain way of walking.
1838 W. Fisk Trav. in Europe (ed. 4) xxi. 640 This riding in an Irish car, in pleasant weather, is not without its interest.
1922 Printers' Ink 5 Jan. 83/2 People could not afford..to ride any oftener than they had to, due to the high rates of fare. The riding they did not have to do was precisely this riding to the stores, to the theatres.
1996 J. D. Cash Identity, Ideology & Confl. iv. 64 Another possible approach is to focus on the rules governing particular types of situation: parties,..funerals, riding of buses, and so on.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > wooded land > part or division of
hag1410
speysa1425
ward1425
walk1534
regard1594
riding1755
hag wood1798
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Riding, a district visited by an officer.
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 170 Riding..also means the divisions of a royal forest.
II. Extended uses.† 9. Nautical. With down. The action or practice of descending the stay of a mast on a rope, esp. in order to tar the stay. Obsolete.
7. The action or fact of overlapping or of projecting or working up over something in some way; an instance of this. Cf. ride v. 21b, overriding n. Also (now chiefly) with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > partially
riding?a1425
lapping1607
overlapping1802
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 97v Som with riding [?c1425 Paris reryng vp; L. equitatura], i. equitature, And knottyng of þe bone yuel consolded.
1751 D. Ingram Pract. Cases & Observ. Surg. 123 When the Inflammation and Swelling have subsided..our Eyes will direct us, to bring the Bones together without riding.
1768 in 9th Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1848) App. ii. 254 It is impossible to represent..the different colours.., without spreading and what the printers call riding; which is a disgracefull inequality in those lines.
1808 C. Stower Printer's Gram. 369 An extra pair of points are used to prevent the black from falling on the red, which is termed riding.
1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 365 Femur fractured transversely about middle; slight forward riding of upper fragment.
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 398/1 Gibbed lathe, a lathe, the carriage of which has a bar which grips beneath the overhang of the bed, beneath which it is secured by a wedge known as a gib, to prevent the riding up of the carriage.
1919 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 5 382 Under general tangential stress a spherical shell composed of discs and interdiscs should shorten by riding up of the margins of the discs upon the interdiscs.
1974 Adv. in Rock Mech. 2 261/1 One sense of rotation leads to the riding-up of one tooth on the other, up to the point where the tooth falls into the next trough.
2003 L. O. Farng in L. R. Rudnick Lubricant Additives 225 Some EP additives..prevent riding and rippling in high-torque, low-speed operations.
8. Nautical. The fact of lying at anchor; anchorage; a suitable place or opportunity for anchoring. Cf. ride v. 15.Frequently with modifying adjective, as good, safe, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > [noun] > action, fact, or opportunity of anchoring
riding1562
anchoring1589
anchorage1599
earthing1646
grappling1748
society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [noun] > riding at anchor
riding1562
1562 J. Heywood Woorkes sig. Kijv Good ridyng at two ankers men haue tolde.
c1575 A. Lindsay Rutter of Sc. Seas (BL Add. 37,024) f. 5v Cast anker..and you sall have rydine at viij fadomes.
1596 F. Vere Comm. 30 By reason of my riding with my Anchor a pike.
a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 13 I sent my shalloppes out with leades to sound the depth and to see if there about were good riding.
1674 W. Temple Let. 21 Dec. in Wks. (1720) II. 320 They insisted, to have our Riding in their Rivers and Creeks,..to be with Consent of their Governor.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 180 A little Cove; where there was good riding, but very deep Water.
1854 G. B. Richardson Univ. Code (ed. 12) v. 4351 The riding is secure.
1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 310 Enabling it to find holding-ground and secure riding in any sea.
1922 N. S. B. Gras Introd. Econ. Hist. iv. 107 A town..having a good riding for ships, especially at the mouth of a river, had obvious advantages.
1983 R. Ollard in R. Latham Diary S. Pepys X. 284 England afforded the only safe riding for ships bound up Channel in which to shelter from the prevailing south-westerly gales.
ΚΠ
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast viii. 61 Tarring the stays..is done by an operation which the sailors call ‘riding down’.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Riding-down, the act..of the man who comes down the stay, &c., to tar it; or foots the bunt in.
10. U.S. colloquial. An act of provoking, teasing, or annoying a person; adverse criticism; esp. in to get (also take) a riding. Cf. ride v. 19c. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun] > teasing
teasing1678
tease1693
running1833
teasement1888
riding1922
1922 Atlanta Constit. 30 Oct. 9 Judge Kennesaw Mountain Landis is getting a riding these days.
1930 D. Hammett Maltese Falcon xviii. 220 The boy said: ‘You bastard, get up and shoot it out if you've got the guts. I've taken all the riding from you I'm going to take.’
1939 J. B. Curry Diary 19 Oct. in L. J. Bartson In Shadow of Hawk (2004) 263 Lindbergh is still taking a riding in the papers.
1964 M. Mantle Quality of Courage iv. 43 Plenty of players give up just a little, at least on the inside, when they start getting a good riding from the crowd or from the sportswriters.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a. (In sense 3.)Chiefly relating to horse riding; see sense 3a.Many of the terms in Compounds 1a(a), Compounds 1a(b), Compounds 1a(c)(i) are now found chiefly or only in historical contexts.
(a) With the sense ‘worn for horse riding’. See also riding coat n., riding habit n., riding hood n.Now sometimes referring to a similar item of clothing not designed to be worn for riding. † riding vizard n. Obsolete rare
riding belt n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > for specific purpose > informal wear > informal or sports wear > types of
riding belt1676
yachting1873
jogging1976
1676 C. Hatton Let. 18 May in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 126 His new coat, 4 paire of sleeves, 2 paire of cuffs, 2 shirts, 3 cravats, and a riding belt.
1814 G. H. Noehden Rabenhorst's Dict. German & Eng. Lang. I. 326/2 Riding-girth, riding-belt.
1935 Kingston (N.Y.) Daily Freeman 7 Nov. 12/2 (advt.) Riding belts..display many unique buckle ideas that harmonize with the trappings.
2001 Telegraph (Alton, Illinois) 21 Sept. b5/1 Equestrian-inspired clothes are among fall's top trends... A sleeveless plaid dress with ‘a touch’ of trendiness in an attached leather, riding belt.
riding bonnet n.
ΚΠ
1507 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 17 Ane riding bonet.
1549 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1911) IX. 363 Ane ryding bonet of welwote.
1846 Friendship's Offering 136 The palpable heaving of her bosom, and the tremor of her long yellow locks as they fell from beneath her riding-bonnet.
1907 D. Bruun Iceland 21 The women, before entering the church pay a visit to the farm hard by, to lay aside their cloaks and hats or riding bonnets.
2007 J. Montgomery Surviving Montana i. 8 ‘I would like to rent a room, please,’ she said, tucking a loose blonde curl back into her prim blue riding bonnet.
riding boot n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > boot > [noun] > for specific purpose > for riding
riding boot1638
1638 T. Heywood Wise Woman iv. iv The Gentlemans riding bootes and spurres.
1734 ‘C. Johnson’ Gen. Hist. Lives Highwaymen 91/2 Scarce a dancing Master in London, but would have been proud to have shewn such Agility in a Pair of Pumps, as Du Vall shewed in a great Pair of French riding Boots.
1851 N. Hawthorne House of Seven Gables i. 18 With such a tramp of his ponderous riding-boots as might of itself have been audible in the remotest of the seven gables, he advanced to the door.
1952 E. O'Neill Moon for Misbegotten i. 56 He is dressed in..immaculately polished English riding boots with spurs.
2002 New Yorker 14 Oct. 38/2 Our riding boots are sold all over the country through tack shops.
riding breeches n. (also riding britches)
ΚΠ
1605 London Prodigall sig. A3v In those breeches I wore a Satterday is the letter: O my ryding breeches Anckle, those that you thought had bene vellet.
1734 J. Rogers Medicina Statica Hibernica in Ess. Epidemic Dis. 222 Now I weighed in Buck-skin riding Britches, whereas before I weigh'd in fine Cloath ones.
1780 W. Smellie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Gen. & Particular VI. 388 The skin of the chamois..makes excellent riding breeches, gloves, and vests.
1891 R. Kipling Light that Failed ii. 19 A pair of sorely-worn riding-breeches.
1925 J. Dos Passos Manhattan Transfer i. iv. 101 He had on riding breeches and black leather gaiters.
2006 Amer. Cowboy Jan.–Feb. 31 Bareback & saddle bronc riders. If you have the riding britches we have the horses.
riding breeks n.
ΚΠ
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 372 Of tottis russet his ryding breikis.
1893 J. D. Gordon Work & Play in India & Kashmir iv. 232 A very ancient pair of riding breeks and an old Norfolk jacket complete your kit.
1916 G. B. McCutcheon Truxton King vii. 120 He was clutching the slackest part of that gentleman's riding breeks with an earnestness that betrayed extreme trepidation.
2008 Scotsman (Nexis) 26 June 66 Verinco will wear a pair of blinkers and Eaves will wear a pair of Velcro riding breeks.
riding cap n.
ΚΠ
1530 in N. H. Nicholas Privy Purse Expences Henry VIII (1827) 25 For iij Ryding Cappes of blac vellute and xxij botons of golde to garnisshe them xlix s. iiij d.
1700 T. Brown et al. tr. P. Scarron Comical Romance ii. x. 184 in tr. P. Scarron Whole Comical Wks. Her Neck was grown as red as her Face, and both together might be well taken at any distance for a Scarlet Riding Cap.
1786 W. Warrington Hist. Wales iv. 173 The riding caps, saddles, bridles, and spurs, which the king had used and laid aside.
1853 E. Bennett Clara Moreland iv. 47 She sat erect on her gallant gray—the plume of her riding-cap sweeping down so as to mingle with her sunny curls.
1910 W. W. Newton Yesterday with Fathers xi. 148 In his gaiters and riding cap he looked precisely like an English jockey.
1996 J. Morgan Debrett's New Guide Etiquette & Mod. Manners 281 Many men wear velvet riding caps, which are more practical.
riding cloak n.
ΚΠ
1542 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1908) VIII. 81 Ane ryding cloke.
1625 K. Long tr. J. Barclay Argenis v. x. 360 Shee..plucked his Riding-cloake from his shoulder.
1765 T. Mortimer New Hist. Eng. II. 194/1 Princesses..being covered only with a riding cloak of waxed cloth in rainy weather.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 39 The horseman was wrapped in his riding cloak.
1922 R. Keable Mother of all Living iii. 255 Pamela reappeared, white, her hat gone, cumbered and struggling in her wet riding cloak.
1992 B. Unsworth Sacred Hunger xxxvii. 410 The streets were miry after the recent rain and he wore a long riding-cloak to protect his royal-blue satin suit.
riding clothes n.
ΚΠ
1630 J. Wadsworth Further Observ. Pilgrime 20 A fift was inquisitiue to know if he had any riding clothes to trauell in.
1736 ‘Moor at London’ Lett. x. 141 He immediately put off his boots and riding clothes, and went dress'd to the bowling-green.
1888 Harper's Mag. Aug. 424/2 Already the heavy riding-clothes were dragging her down like anchors, when his arms wound around her waist.
1912 J. Webster Daddy-long-legs 182 He wears knickerbockers and pleated jackets and white flannels and riding clothes with puffed trousers.
1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 14 May 29/3 Schumpeter arrived unpardonably late, dressed in smartly tailored riding clothes.
riding costume n.
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1814 Edinb. Ann. Reg. 1812 5 136/1 Fashions for Ladies.—Riding Costume.—Made of ladies habit cloth, of blue, trimmed down each side of the front with Spanish buttons.
1944 A. Clarke Viscount of Blarney 42 A Gallant in eighteenth-century riding costume appears at doorway.
2001 Guardian 7 July (Travel section) 2/1 Women in flamboyant flamenco dresses, flower in hair and fan in hand sit beside their caballeros in traditional riding costume.
riding dress n.
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1680 J. Crowne Misery Civil-war iii. 33 Enter Lady Eleanor Butler in a riding dress.
1774 Westm. Mag. May 259 The favourite Riding-Dress is a light-coloured Cassimere, lined with different coloured silks.
1851 D. Jerrold St. Giles & St. James (new ed.) xxxiii, in Writings I. 340 She smoothed down the folds of the riding-dress.
1910 M. Cunliffe-Owen Snow-fire x. 161 The two women, in their khaki riding-dresses and sun-helmets, were exceedingly businesslike and good to look at.
1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 19 Nov. 26/4 She will go as La Grande Mademoiselle, wearing velvet clothes, a riding dress with high boots, and carrying a whip.
riding frock n.
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1744 Fair Adulteress 9 As to the Livery he could make nothing of it, for it was a plain riding Frock.
1860 A. Strickland Old Friends & New Acquaintances vi. ii. 180 She then enjoyed the satisfaction of seeing Baldwin Maplestone in his new green riding frock, white corduroys, and superfine beaver.
1924 N.Y. Times 30 Sept. 1/1 Ten young women on horseback, wearing white riding frocks, will form an added attraction.
2008 A. Washington Passion's Furies ii. 16 She checked that her hairpins were secure while brushing wrinkles from the folds of her rose blush riding frock.
riding garb n.
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1666 S. Pepys Diary 12 June (1972) VII. 162 I find the Ladies of Honour dressed in their riding garbs, with coats and doublets.
1753 in tr. Queen Kristina Wks. p. xiv Her riding-garb is so far from being costly, that I scarce believe it is worth four or five ducats.
1893 M. M. Blake Siege of Norwich Castle iv. 59 Emma, her riding garb exchanged for a silken robe of pale blue,..swept down the long alleys.
1932 Fitchburg (Mass.) Sentinel 21 Oct. 13/1 Four girl riders and a young man in modern riding garb rode abreast.
2003 D. Lynch No Regrets lxxxi. 295 She completed her riding garb with her white chiffon riding hat,..and her long white gloves.
riding gauntlet n.
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1853 Daily Alton (Illinois) Tel. 20 Sept. Ladies' riding gauntlets; silk and wool night caps.
1910 E. A. Baker Frolics at Fairmount xv. 217 At the foot of the stairs they paused to pull on their heavy riding gauntlets, while they waited for the horses.
1991 N. Llewellyn Art of Death xiv. 93 These gloves appear..to have been of a kind fashionable in early seventeenth-century England, perhaps imported from the Continent and possibly used as a lady's riding gauntlets.
riding glove n.
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1654 J. Master Expense-bk. in Archaeologia Cantiana (1883) 15 211 For a pair of riding gloves, & a whip 6s.
1781 J. Woodforde Diary 2 May (1981) I. 308 At Scott's for a pair of riding gloves pd 0.2.2.
1859 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 199/2 The riding-glove, embroidered with seed-pearls, that fell carelessly beside her on the floor.
1912 B. Beach Riding & Driving for Women viii. 128 Riding gloves should either be tan, dog-skin, white buckskin, or white chamois.
1997 Gallop! Jan. 77/2 Overtrousers and riding gloves are useful.
riding gown n.
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1451 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 51 (MED) I will that all odyr yomen..haue..a bow..& hew Bakare my Riding gowne.
1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 68 A riding gowne for the Quene.
1697 London Gaz. No. 3317/4 A slender Woman,..in a grey Camblet Riding Gown, with Knots of green Ribbons before.
1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws ii. 20 No man under the degree of a knight, except spiritual men, serjeants at law, or graduates in the universities, shall use more cloth..in a riding gown or coat above three broad yards.
1830 A. M. Porter Barony II. vi. 183 Mrs. Damaris, who had come forth in a riding gown of no mean fashion, certainly showed the greatest reluctance to mount this ignoble-looking animal.
1901 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 188/2 Put on your thick riding gown with the little capes; I look for both rain and chill.
2002 C. Coulter Pendragon iv. 32 Meggie..hated Charlotte Beresford all the way to the soles of her lovely pale gray boots, that perfectly matched her riding gown.
riding hat n.
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1507 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 17 For ane riding hat.
1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster West-ward Hoe iii. i. sig. E2 Take my riding hat, and my kirtle there.
1725 E. W. Amorous Bugbears 28 Upon her Head she had a black Riding Hat, lac'd round with Silver, that hung flaping over her Ears.
1811 J. Austen Let. 18 Apr. (1995) 180 I must have a straw hat, of the riding hat shape.
1892 Arthur's Home Mag. 62 982/2 Riding hat.—Low crowned hats of black silk felt are preferred at present by lady riders.
1978 ‘F. Parrish’ Sting of Honeybee iv. 51 The other old lady..fitted them out with riding hats, and helped them on to small, fat, elderly ponies.
2007 Horse & Rider Oct. 36/3 Riding hat, which must conform to current safety standards... Make sure you look for the kitemark of the British Standards Institute on the label.
riding jacket n.
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1537 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 68 To my servaunte, Thomas Turner, my rydyng jaket.
1755 Hist. Will Ramble I. ii. x. 192 My Cloaths, which were a Riding-Jacket and a Coat, that were trimmed with Silver-Lace.
1894 Daily News 20 June 6/4 The habit skirt of to-day is surmounted by a riding jacket, generally of a totally different colour.
1956 O. La Farge Behind Mountains xii. 171 Miss Tisdale wore a smallish felt hat, a tweed riding jacket, and tight jodhpurs.
1994 Esquire Feb. 107 (caption) An updated version of the riding jacket..can go far when you're stretching a wardrobe.
riding kirtle n.
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1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. L4 A wyde payre of gascoynes which..would make a couple of womens ryding kyrtles.
1840 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 7 781/2 He saw Marion, about the twilight, busy dressing herself in her riding kirtle, and snooding up her hair with the help of a pail of clear water.
1999 H. E. Garwood Swords Across Thames xvi. 336 She swung herself into position, pulling at her riding kirtle to get it out of the way, and rode to the front.
riding mac n.
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1934 Times 8 May 11/1 (advt.) The ‘Mowbray’ regulation heavyweight service riding mac.
1994 H. Mantel Change of Climate (2003) 157 Daniel began to take off..his riding mac; it was a complex coat, with many flaps and buckles, and pockets in unlikely places.
riding mask n.
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1700 P. Motteux et al. tr. M. de Cervantes Hist. Don Quixote I. i. viii. 69 They wore Riding-Masks with Glasses at the Eyes, against the Dust.
1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel III. xi. 302 Her riding-mask of black velvet.
1903 ‘C. E. Craddock’ Spectre of Power viii. 155 She rode on,..her milk-white face burning red, although her riding mask swung by its string to her belt.
2004 Associated Press Worldstream (Nexis) 22 Mar. She races with a pink ‘Hello Kitty’ riding mask.
riding robe n.
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a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) i. i. 217 Who comes in such haste in riding robes ? View more context for this quotation
1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 169 She was wrapt in a riding robe of black velvet.
1875 A. G. Riddle Alice Brand xxiii. 161 There flashed by him the queenly form of Miss Berwick in her black riding-robes,..mounted on the splendid cream-colored horse.
1934 J. Dana Sutter of Calif. xv. 110 Headstalls, hair bridle-reins, saddles and armas de pelo—riding robes that protected the body up to the waist—were in demand in the colony.
1997 M. Frutkin Lion of Venice 151 The Khan wore riding robes of yellow silk and a sword with a sharkskin-covered hilt.
riding skirt n.
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1561 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 66 Ane dule riding cloik and skirth to the quenis grace.
1595 Edinb. Test. XXXIII. f. 182v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Riding-skirt Ane ryding skirt.
1619 Edinb. Test. L. f. 217, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Riding-skirt I leiue to my dochter..my new ryding skirt joupe and hude of perpetuana.
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet III. ix. 244 He disencumbered him from the riding-skirt and the mask.
1953 M. Irwin Elizabeth & Prince of Spain ix. 101 Elizabeth snatched a scarlet radish from the dish and peeled it into a fair imitation of her own spreading riding-skirt over the white petticoat.
2000 Times 6 Oct. ii. 19/1 Ronit Zilka cuts a voluminous draped riding skirt from lightweight Harris tweed with an eye-catching bounder's windowpane check.
riding suit n.
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1604 T. Dekker Newes from Graues-end Ep. Ded. A number of riding suites (that had lyen long in lauander) were worne out there.
1661 S. Pepys Diary 19 Aug. (1970) II. 157 The King in a plain common riding-suit and velvet capp.
1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xi. 77 A blue stuff riding suit trimmed with silver, very much tarnished.
1862 Harper's Mag. June 45/1 The full round shape hid half its voluptuous curves in the shade of the dark-green riding-suit.
1900 E. H. Cooper Monk Wins vi. 40 Young men in smart riding suits on well-groomed hacks.
2006 M. de Winkel Fashion & Fancy iii. 109 That riding suits indeed could be quite expensive is indicated by contemporary account books.
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1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet III. x. 295 Miss Redgauntlet had retained her riding vizard.
(b) With the sense ‘used for or in connection with horse riding’. See also riding rod n.† riding-spear n. Obsolete rare
riding cane n.
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1764 Weekly Amusem. 2 Hist. Detail 13–27 July sig. §4/1 A Pistol and a riding Cane was found near the Place this Morning.
1839 M. Howitt Old Friend & New iv. 10 It was cracked by my new friend's riding-cane!
1922 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 16 688 The accused when on horseback struck the prisoner Millsom across the shoulders with his riding cane.
2001 R. von Armin All for Bottle of Whisky ii. 185 He underlined his comments by swinging his riding cane against his highly polished boots.
riding crop n.
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1858 Titan 27 454/1 Paul retired to get his riding-crop and a pipe.
1941 B. Miller Farewell Leicester Square ii. 37 The two children came across the green, walking together, the boy flicking carelessly at his ankle with the thong of a riding-crop.
2005 R. M. Miller & R. Lamb Revol. in Horsemanship vii. 128 Spanking him on the rump or flank with the end of your reins or a riding crop gives him a clear signal to increase his speed.
riding furniture n.
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a1640 P. Massinger Guardian ii. iv. 105 in 3 New Playes (1655) By short Boots, And riding furniture of several Counties.
1776 T. Harmer Observ. (ed. 2) II. vi. 69 The Arabs..have always, as a part of their riding furniture, a cloth which they call the hiran, about six ells long, which they fold up and put upon the wooden saddle.
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet II. xi. 212 Two had riding furniture for the use of females—the one being accoutred with a sidesaddle, the other with a pillion attached to the saddle.
1901 H. MacGrath Puppet Crown (1902) xiii. 197 Maurice examined his riding furniture; pulled at the saddle, tugged at the rein buckles, lifted the leather flaps and tried the stirrup straps.
2007 J. Miller Cities Divided iv. 92 Together with a saddle, foot-cloth, and other ‘riding furniture’, the gowns cost him over £13.
riding harness n.
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1447 in S. A. Moore Lett. & Papers J. Shillingford (1871) i. 31 Y hadde warnyng of my lordis comaundement bot the nyght before and that late..my hors bare and my ridyng harneys being at Shillyngford.
1796 W. Felton Treat. Carriages (ed. 2) II. i. x. 158 The wheel, or riding harness for a phaeton or chariot.
1899 S. R. Crockett Black Douglas xxxvi. 260 Sholto's riding harness had been transferred to a noble grey steed large enough to carry even the burly James.
1992 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 1 Feb. Someone is playing nasty tricks at Rancho Del Gato Blanco—watering guests in the night, slicing through riding harnesses.
riding quirt n.
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1885 H. Seely Ranchman's Stories ix. 310 Joe MacAllister—booted, spurred, and broad-sombreroed, riding quirt in hand—came down stairs from his room in the garret.
1951 R. Campbell Light on Dark Horse xxiii. 337 The dried penis of a bull which we carry in those parts in place of a riding-quirt.
2004 Belleville News-Democrat (Nexis) 11 Mar. c11 Also not to be missed are a group of boldly painted shields, riding quirts and war clubs.
riding saddle n.
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1561 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 149 One rydinge saddell and a brydel.
1771 Gen. Evening Post 18 June A riding saddle, with a green cloth bound with white.
1854 Rep. Trans. Pennsylvania State Agric. Soc. 97 Their very handsome riding saddle and russet traveling trunk.
1922 P. A. Rollins Cowboy vi. 120 The riding saddle of the cowboy merits description.
2006 M. Benanav Men of Salt v. 115 He..had a real leather riding saddle rather than a blanket folded atop a cargo pad.
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1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 263/1 Ridyng speare, jaueline.
1877 Jrnl. Brit. Archaeol. Assoc. 33 311 There are two battle-axes, two Normandy bills, a javelin, a riding-spear, a sword, five coats of defence, and a pair of brigandines.
riding switch n.
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1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew iv. i. sig. I4v Enter Talboy. Oliver. With riding switches.
1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 148 Its Wood.., of which they make Wands and Riding-Switches.
1820 W. Scott Abbot I. iv. 96 The youth is..somewhat too ready with..the butt of his riding-switch.
1913 Let. in New Fun 1 Feb. The instrument generally is a riding switch, but this is varied by the birch and a dog-whip.
2003 Denver Post (Nexis) 2 Mar. a1 Each has a thin white leash on his right wrist, dragging the attached riding switch through the sand.
riding sword n.
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1501 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 22 For gilting of the kingis riding sword.
1658 E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. (Camden) 15 I desire you will bwy mee a lytle wryding sword and belt.
1723 C. Layer Arraignm. C. Layer 92 A Pair of Pistols hung by his Bed Side, and between them a Horse-man's Sword, a riding sword, a pretty large Sword.
1854 H. W. Herbert Persons & Pictures from Hist. France & Eng. vii. 355 His dear friend, Count Antony Hamilton,..and his brother George, both, like himself, booted and spurred, with their riding-swords at their sides.
1907 Appleton's Mag. Apr. 426/1 In a second he had whipped out the light riding sword that hung by his hip, and without a word made deadly rush.
2006 M. Jecks et al. Sword of Shame 255 Roger was killed with Sir William's riding sword.
riding wand n.
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1578 ‘B. G.’ Ioyfvll Receyuing Queenes Maiestie sig. Ev Iupiter spake to the Queene in this sorte, and then gaue her a ryding Wande.
1662 R. L'Estrange Memento i. viii. 73 Tickles her on the Neck with the Twigg-end of his Riding-wand.
1772 J. Fletcher in R. Dossie Mem. Agric. (1782) III. 290 Ash-sets, two years old, about the size of riding wands; cut them off a little sloping about nine inches long.
1820 W. Scott Abbot I. vii. 146 This is the same riding-wand which you have tasted.
1999 W. Smith Monsoon (2000) 654 ‘You do me honour,’ said al-Malik gravely, and touched his camel's neck with the riding wand.
riding whip n.
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1681 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Stomachs & Guts iv. 17 in Musæum Regalis Societatis A perfect Plat, somewhat like to that in a Riding-Whip.
1683 E. Chamberlayne Present State Eng. (new ed.) iii. 268 The best Riding-Whips at St Edmundbury in Suffolk.
1767 J. Wingrave Narr. Cruelties Eliz. Brownrigg 21 Beat her in a most terrible manner with a riding whip, and sometimes with the butt end of it.
1829 F. Marryat Naval Officer III. vi. 169 A cowskin is a large whip, made like a riding whip.
1905 Westm. Gaz. 25 May 8/2 The other half in undress uniform, with..its fatigue jackets, its ‘Brodrick’ caps, and riding whips.
2005 K. L. Davis Deciphering Dressage ii. 31 Many people misunderstand the purpose of the riding whip and perceive its use as cruel.
(c) With the sense ‘used for riding on, or in’.
(i)
riding animal n.
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1800 W. Johnston tr. P. Bartholomaeo Voy. E. Indies iv. 71 Instead of the Vahana, or riding-animal, he [sc. the god Ganesha] has always under him a mouse.
1897 Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Nov. 26 They have neither cattle nor horses..nor..riding animals.
1968 Observer's Bk. Horses & Ponies (rev. ed.) 109 For hundreds of years the Galiceño has been used for pulling carts, carrying pack supplies and doing ranch work, as well as acting as an excellent riding animal.
2008 Western Daily Press (Nexis) 21 Nov. 36 Each caption gives a nugget of information about the wild moorland ponies, covering their history, management, strength and suitability as riding animals.
riding beast n.
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c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 1687 Every gentill hert..Desirith that his ryding best be servid & I-diȝte.
?1547 A. Borde Pryncyples Astron. vi. sig. B.vi Pisces..is in the howse of heuynes and enemyes and ryding bestes.
1784 I. Backus Church Hist. New-Eng. II. xv. 279 For such a tax of about Six Dollars, a good riding beast was taken from him in 1771.
1896 F. T. Pollok Fifty Years' Reminisc. India vii. 173 The less weight you have on your riding beast's back the better; therefore get a howdah made as light as possible.
1918 Amer. Jrnl. Theol. 22 361 The warlike and severe Anath, whose riding-beast was the lion, was well enough known in the Hellenistic world a century later.
2005 T. K. Harper Wolf in Night vii. 72 Ahead, the riding beasts in the corral shifted restlessly.
riding boat n.
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1903 F. W. True in U.S. Congress. Serial Set 213 All over Canada and northern United States the riding boat and freight boat are made of a light framework covered with birch bark.
1908 G. Sanger 70 Years a Showman xvi. 57 My father was able to add ‘riding’ or ‘over and over’ boats, as they were called, to his peep-show and roundabouts.
2005 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 5 Mar. 3 g Sea kayaks, riding boats originally designed for whitewater rivers, can be used in the surf.
riding camel n.
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1777 J. Richardson Dict. Persian, Arabic & Eng. I. 235 Riding-camels, upon which people travel.
1834 Let. in A. S. H. Mountain Mem. & Lett. (1857) 135 A couple of riding camels and an attendant Shootar Suwar.
1998 M. S. Lovell Rage to Live (2000) iv. 52 He was naïvely unaware that the animal he chose was not a riding camel but a baggage animal.
riding carriage n.
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1778 E. Pendleton Let. 31 Jan. in Lett. & Papers (1967) I. 247 Taxation..stands at..10s a wheel on riding Carriages.
1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 117 It..serves for the frames of..riding carriages.
1854 B. Silliman Visit to Europe in 1851 II. 138 In Venice, neither horse, donkey, nor mule, nor riding-carriage of any kind, is seen.
1998 Time Out N.Y. 29 Oct. 169/2 James Lafferty built her in 1881 to attract potential buyers for his oceanfront real estate, which visitors viewed from the howdah, or riding carriage, on her back.
riding chair n.
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1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Sedan, a riding-chair.
1740 Advt. 5 June in B. Franklin Papers (1960) II. 287 To be sold..a genteel riding Chair.
1826 R. Mills Statistics S. Carolina 747 Manufactures are altogether of domestic origin in this district. There is one for saw gins, three for riding chairs, a few blacksmiths.
1902 W. J. Mills Hist. Houses New Jersey 154 We can see him hurrying away in the riding-chair he left in his will to Bathsheba.
2007 Belleville (Illinois) News-Democrat (Nexis) 8 Aug. a1 She is disabled and uses a riding chair to get around.
riding gelding n.
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1540 in F. W. Weaver Somerset Medieval Wills (1905) 63 To my daughter..my rydyng gelding.
1606 E. Scott Exact Disc. East Indians sig. Nv Some of them hauing their haire tucked vp like a Cart-horse tayle: but the better sort doe tucke it vp like our riding Geldings tayles.
1769 Amer. Mag. Feb. 54/2 Two riding Geldings for their goodness prais'd.
1849 W. Raynbird & H. Raynbird On Agric. Suffolk 251 The prizes for stock are for the best and second-best Suffolk stallion,..best riding gelding or filly, [etc.].
1922 H. R. Haggard Virgin of Sun iii. 50 In the stable were two good horses, one a grey riding-gelding and the other a mare.
2008 Carmarthen Jrnl. (Nexis) 16 Jan. 30 A 12-year-old riding gelding sold to Metcalfe, Tegryn.
riding horse n.
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a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 3 Kings iv. 26 Salamon hadde fourty thousend cracchis of char hors and twelue thousend of ridynge hors.
1641 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1877) II. 61 Its ordered that all dry cattle shall be driven of the necke, and not be suffered to abide there, except Riding horses.
1749 G. West tr. Pindar Odes Olympick xiv That Chariots were in Use before riding-horses.
1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 130 The high rack is always put up in riding-horse stables.
1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet iv. i. 255 The tethered wagons and riding horses and mules.
2001 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 4 Nov. v. 8/3 Many drafts, like the Budweiser Clydesdales and Farmer Brown's Belgians, are nine inches higher than a riding horse and twice as heavy.
riding mare n.
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1710 Evening Post 12–14 Dec. Two Riding Mares, one a large Sized brown, about 15 Hands high.
1850 Catholic Mag. & Reg. June 241 I'll give you my black riding mare.
1902 A. E. W. Mason Four Feathers x. 106 Every morning at sunrise he drove two camels, swift riding-mares of the pure Bisharin breed, from the belt of trees.
2004 J. C. Philips Anderson's Bottom xi. 219 There were four riding mares, a stallion, and an equal assortment of Clydesdales.
riding mule n.
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1605 R. Treswell Relation Journey Earle of Nottingham 21 Besides riding mules we vnderstood there were sent thither by the King foure litters, and foure coches.
1723 J. Darby tr. S. Ali Hist. Timur-Bec II. iv. vi. 19 Arabian horses with saddles of gold, great camels, several carriage and riding mules.
1846 J. S. Griffin Diary 26 Nov. in Calif. Hist. Soc. (1942) 21 217 My riding mule was the most refractory of all.
1917 Army Appropriation Bill 1918 335 This estimate is based on a period of usefulness of 12 years for pack and riding mules.
1996 Omaha (Nebraska) World Herald (Nexis) 31 Aug. 32 A granddaughter showed one of his riding mules at the Nebraska State Fair.
riding nag n.
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1668 in R. Machin Probate Inventories Chetnole, Leigh & Yetminster (1976) No. 44 One ridinge nagge.
a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 38 A Gentleman of my Acquaintance (who I knew had a Riding Nag to put off, either by Sale, or to be kept for his Work).
1852 J. Caird Eng. Agric. 1850–51 xliv. 395 Five horses and a riding nag do the horse-work of the farm.
1920 Munsey's Mag. Oct. 88/2 He paid the fine, hastened home, and, saddling his swiftest riding-nag, set out for the country seat.
1990 L. Davis Shadows in Bronze xlvi. 175 Two top-quality riding nags—a big roan that looks as if he was bred for the racetrack but just missed, and a squatter skewbald packhorse.
riding pony n.
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a1810 R. Tannahill Poems & Songs (1815) 156 I 'll buy you claise to busk you braw, A riding pony, pad and a'.
1905 Outing May 207 The thoroughbred grafted on to the native pony stock is the right way to obtain a first-class riding pony.
2000 B. Faurie Horse Riding & Care Handbk. ii. 44/2 This breed [sc. the Dartmoor] has proved an ideal first riding pony for children as it is both gentle and small.
riding stallion n.
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1844 Times 29 July 6/1 A barn with corn in it, a cow-house, and other buildings, a riding stallion, two calves, and a dog were destroyed by the fire.
1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet i. i. 15 Colonel John Sartoris his self shot Ab for trying to steal his..riding stallion during the war.
2004 Nelson (N.Z.) Mail (Nexis) 15 Sept. 1 A lot of Nelson horses feature, including an English riding stallion, and a few of his progeny.
(ii) Originally and chiefly U.S. Designating a machine on which the operator rides, as riding mower, riding plough, etc. Cf. ride-on adj.
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1864 Boston Daily Advertiser 6 Oct. As large an amount of corn was planted as ever, by the aid of the labor-saving, newly invented machines, the Corn Planter and the Riding Plough.
1868 14th Ann. Rep. Iowa State Agric. Soc. 1867 156 The corn..is cultivated according to the fancy of the farmers; some with shovel..& others use the riding cultivator.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 851/2 The ‘sulky’ or riding plough is little known in the United Kingdom.
1921 National Geographic Mag. May (front matter) (advt.) With riding trailer the Ideal makes the most practical and economical riding mower possible to procure.
1960 E. Davies & A. Vaughan Beyond Old Bone Trail xi. 74 We bought..a riding plough—the ‘walking’ model was right out of date.
2003 Z. Packer Drinking Coffee Elsewhere 170 In the wake of huge riding mowers, the grass stretched in a carpet of green.
(d) Miscellaneous uses.† riding face n. Obsolete
riding code n.
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society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > code of British Horse Society
riding code1937
1937 San Antonio (Texas) Light 11 Feb. b5/3 It's practically impossible for a jockey to violate any of the riding code without the knowledge of these patrol judges.
1971 Riding for Recreation (Brit. Horse Soc.) ii. 3/1 The British Horse Society in consultation with other organisations has compiled a Riding Code.
2007 Weekly Times (Austral.) (Nexis) 18 July 54 Germany..created a highly systematic and universal riding code, which all trainers and riders are obliged to stick to.
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1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor ii. i. sig. Eiiv He has a good riding face, and he can sit a great horse. View more context for this quotation
1681 T. Otway Souldiers Fortune iii. i. 29 His face to is a good rideing Face,'tis no soft effeminate complexion indeed, but his countnance is ruddy, sanguine and chearful.
riding instructor n.
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society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > rider > [noun] > riding master or instructor
rider1556
riding master1650
cavallerize1653
riding instructor1872
1872 Hampshire Tel. & Sussex Chron. 8 June 6/4 The parties referred to will be drilled and trained by riding instructors in this Garrison.
1946 M. C. Self Horseman's Encycl. 342 The proper choice of a riding instructor is of utmost importance.
2005 E. Shenk Careers with Animals iii. 65 Riding instructors teach clients basic riding techniques, including the correct way to mount a horse.
riding lesson n.
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society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > riding school > riding lesson
riding lesson1787
1787 A. Campbell Horse Drill Native Cavalry Coast Coromandel 18 (heading) Riding lesson for a whole regiment.
1886 F. H. Burnett Little Ld. Fauntleroy viii. 159 Fauntleroy took his first riding lesson.
1922 C. Lombardi At Sight of Gold vii. 75 I'm taking riding lessons, for although I ride well, I could ride better.
2007 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 2 May a5/2 Responsibilities include leading horses & side-walking with riders during riding lessons.
riding mistress n.
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society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > rider > [noun] > riding master or instructor > female
riding mistress1801
1801 M. Edgeworth Mlle Panache ii, in Moral Tales III. 131 Her riding mistress gathered up the reins for her, and fixed them properly in her timid hands.
1926 J. Galsworthy Silver Spoon iii. vii. 275 A riding mistress was teaching a small boy to trot.
1992 M. Warner in M. Bradbury & J. Cooke New Writing 66 Jinty was short and plump and solid like a riding mistress.
riding muscle n.
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1681 J. Browne Compl. Treat. Muscles 181 This [sc. the triceps] is a Riding Muscle, drawing the Thigh inward, and fixeth the rider to his Seat.
1893 First Maine Bugle Jan. 38 The next day we took our first long ride,..having by that time..gotten our riding muscles hardened up a bit.
1914 D. H. Lawrence Prussian Officer & Other Stories 2 His orderly, having to rub him down, admired the amazing riding-muscles of his loins.
2009 Edmonton (Alberta) Jrnl. (Nexis) 25 Jan. f3 The home provides ample chances to soak those sore riding muscles.
riding road n.
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1764 C. F. Esberger Jrnl. 22 Jan. (1902) 8 Proceeded..to little Grimsby, which on account of the bad riding-roads was obliged to undertake on foot.
1853 Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 1852 21 568 A good riding road all the way along the west bank for 5 miles.
1909 Techn. World Mag. June 416/1 The corresponding space on the other side of the road is arranged as a riding road.
2005 W. Murphy Motorcycling across Michigan 12 All motorcyclists have some favorite local riding roads that they escape to when they have an opportunity to take a quick ride.
riding tournament n.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > equestrian sports except racing > [noun] > riding competition
riding tournament1876
gymkhana1933
1876 Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia) 26 Sept. A feature of the day will be a centennial riding tournament.
1934 Sun (Baltimore) 15 Aug. 9/3 The amateur riding tournament today.
2005 Playboy (Nexis) 1 Jan. 166 I've had 11 shoulder operations from non-Jewish activities like riding tournaments, rodeos, coaching football.
riding weather n.
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1735 E. Sican Let. 15 Nov. in Swift's Lett. (1768) VI. xcv. 75 I hope you will..order Mrs. Whiteway and me to bring a coach and six and set you safe at home, for this is no riding weather.
1839 S. H. Burney Romance of Private Life II. ii. 101 When there is good riding weather, and tolerable scenery to be looked at, I can always find amusement.
1930 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 27 Apr. e5/1 Few owners of horses failed to take advantage of the ideal riding weather.
2003 D. B. Meyer Life is Road, Soul is Motorcycle 68 Shirt-sleeve riding weather in January, I do love those Texas winters.
b. (In sense 8.)
riding place n.
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c1575 A. Lindsay Rutter of Sc. Seas (BL Add. 37,024) f. 5v Good ryding places for shippes at x, xij, or xvij fadomes.
1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 38 A convenient riding place for ships.
1726 Four Years Voy. Capt. G. Roberts 434 There is a Kaay, or Rock, on the North-West Side, to which you may put the Boat, and would be a good Riding-Place, were it not for the strong Flaws which come down the Valleys.
1884 A. J. Weise Hist. City of Albany i. 1 The novel craft having found a suitable riding-place in the spacious haven cast her anchor in the sight of the excited natives.
1922 E. R. Eddison Worm Ouroboros iii. 42 There is in these Isles a meetly good road and riding-place for ships.
C2. attributive. Chiefly Scottish (now Orkney). Designating a period of time during which animals mate or are put together to mate, as riding season, riding time; cf. ride v. 20a. Now rare. Sc. National Dict. (1967) at Ride v. records this sense as still in use in Orkney in 1968.
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the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [noun] > mating > season
seasona1425
riding seasonc1425
belling1553
breeding-time1711
c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 11 Whan she goth in hure loue þat hunters callen ryding tyme.
a1669 Skene Agric. MS in Agric. Hist. Rev. (1963) 11 70 They milk the yowis no longer then Michaelmes whilk is the ridinge tyme, for Michaelmes and Hallowmes is the tyme that yowis be ridden.
?1772 Young Coalman's Courtship to Creelwife's Daughter (ed. 3) ii. 1 As utrageous as ony ram at riding time.
1786 R. Burns Poems 65 Warn him ay at ridin time, To stay content wi' yowes at hame.
1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 84 in Farm-rep. Both at riding-time, and at the subsequent lambing.
1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 83 in Farm-rep. During the ‘riding’ season.
?1840 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. (1843) 1 335 It will also be prudent to begin the riding season not only at such a period as may consist with a good supply of nutritious feed, but with a view to the climate.
C3. † riding fool n. Obsolete (perhaps) a person on whom a rider stands to mount a horse.† riding money n. Scottish Obsolete (historical in later use) a payment, esp. one exacted from the debtor, made to cover the expenses of troopers in collecting a fine, unpaid taxes, etc.; esp. such a payment required to be made by a Covenanter (covenanter n. 2) fined for non-attendance at the Church of Scotland.† riding pee n. Scottish Obsolete a riding coat; see pee n.1
riding ballad n. a Scottish ballad celebrating a raid carried out across the Border into England, esp. during the Border warfare of the 16th cent.; cf. border ballad n. at border n. Compounds 2.
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society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > narrative poem > [noun] > ballad > types of ballad
romance?1548
riding ballad1800
derry1860
chantefable1879
cantefable1883
1800 W. Scott Let. 18 Oct. (1932) I. 104 I do not mean entirely to limit my collection to the Riding Ballads, as they are called in our country, those namely which relate to Border feuds and forays.
1899 H. A. Beers Hist. Eng. Romanticism in 18th Cent. viii. 277 The ‘riding-ballad’ of the Scottish border, where the forays of moss-troopers..supplied many traditions of heroism and adventure.
1944 H. J. C. Grierson & J. C. Smith Crit. Hist. Eng. Poetry (1946) iv. 49 The genuine old ballad lived on in the North Country after it had died out in the South: the best of the ‘riding ballads’ are later than 1600.
2007 Scotsman (Nexis) 10 Mar. 22 Some of Willie's songs were venerable indeed, such as the fragments he had of one of the old Border riding ballads, Jamie Telfer of the Fair Dodhead.
riding bitt n. Nautical (now historical) either of a pair of posts affixed to a ship's deck, to which the cable is fastened while the ship rides at anchor (see bitt n.); usually in plural.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > bitts or Samson post
bitta1614
Samson's post1769
riding bitt1794
loggerhead1840
strongback1867
snubbing-post1875
snub-post1875
Samson bar1889
1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 162 The Riding-bitts are..those to which the cable is bitted when the vessel rides at anchor.
1844 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 7 85/2 She has..only one pair of riding bitts.
1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding xv. 277 To make special arrangements in the construction and support of the riding-bitts.
1917 Bluejacket's Man. (U.S. Navy) (ed. 5) ii. 313 These dummy wildcats and the chain stoppers replace the riding bitts that were formerly installed.
2004 K. Julier New Period Ship Handbk. xiii. 199 Significant among the fittings are those concerned with the handling of the anchor cable; the riding bitts, the capstan or the windlass.
riding blanket n. (a) a blanket worn while horse riding; (b) (now chiefly) a blanket used instead of or underneath a horse's saddle.
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?1855 G. J. Means Let. in 31st Ann. Rep. Amer. Sunday-school Union (1855) 59 I determined to push on, which I did, drawing my riding blanket over my head and hoisting my umbrella.
1881 W. W. Lee & H. R. Jones Barkhamsted, Conn., & its Centennial, 1879 94 She came out with her riding blanket, this was placed upon the animal by her cavalier.
1935 H. L. Davis Honey in Horn xi. 165 She pulled her riding-blanket down on her bare shoulders with a temperish jerk.
2002 B. B. Youngs & J. L. Youngs Taste-berry Teen's Guide to setting & achieving Goals xxi. 256 I learned how expensive it is to board a horse, not to mention the cost of saddles, riding blankets, treats, [etc.].
riding block n. a small platform or step used to help mount a horse; = block n. 10.
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society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > mounting a horse > mounting-block
mounting place1490
riding block1570
block1614
mounting block1659
horsing stone1661
horsing-block1662
upping-stocka1697
joss-block1706
horse-block1713
mounting stone1794
upping-block1796
upping-stone1809
horse-steps1828
leaping-on-stone1837
stepping-stone1837
stirrup-stone1838
pillion stone1907
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 105/2 Sapores..vsed him..for his riding blocke.
a1627 W. Rowley & T. Middleton Wit at Severall Weapons iv. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Llllll3v /1 Oh that whores hat a' thine, a' the riding block, A shade for lecherous kisses.
1888 L. Wingfield Curse of Koshiu viii. 126 Some one, mounting on a riding block, read aloud the proclamation.
1903 Ann. Rep. Public Offices & Inst. 1902 208 The road bed..was bordered by numerous stone riding blocks for convenience of mounting by the cavalry.
1989 San Diego Union-Tribune (Nexis) 27 Mar. b3 With the help of stairs and a riding block, she was able to mount a horse again.
riding cable n. Nautical the anchor cable which bears the greatest strain while a vessel is riding at anchor.
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1832 United Service Jrnl. Aug. 516 Soon after the ships separated our riding cable parted.
1919 C. B. Hawes Mutineers (2007) i. ii. 19 The men paid out the riding cable and tripped it, and hove in the slack of the other.
2005 D. J. House Seamanship Examiner ii. 99 Let go the weather anchor and use engine (if available) to move the vessel ahead while at the same time recovering cable on the riding cable.
riding charges n. now historical and rare expenses incurred in keeping and riding a horse; esp. forming part of an allowance.
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1552 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. ii. 119 With the Bordewages, Ridinge Chardges, reparacions, and other expences not certeyn.
c1689 in J. Y. Akerman Moneys Secret Services Charles II & James II (1851) 66 To the clerks of the Trea'ry, for their riding charges this last summer.
1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) ii. 87 An allowance for riding-charges.
1817 Monthly Rev. July 405 We hope that the present Provost's ‘diet’ and ‘riding charges’ would still make the situation an enviable one for a man who has wasted the prime of life..in the ungrateful service of diplomacy.
1988 Huntington Libr. Q. 51 301 He..embezzled other large sums written off as legal expenses, riding charges, coach hire, and other miscellaneous liabilities.
riding cloth n. †(a) cloth used for riding clothes (obsolete rare); (b) a cloth placed underneath, or used in place of, a saddle (cf. saddlecloth n.).
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1662 S. Pepys Diary 19 May (1970) III. 85 Put on my riding cloth suit and Camelot coat, new.
1775 Racing Cal. 3 354 A riding-cloth and cap, of the best cloth, stitched with silk.
1883 J. Anderson Catal. & Hand-bk. Archæol. Coll. Indian Museum I. 35 The place of a saddle is taken by a simple embroidered or quilted cloth... From the riding-cloth a string of disks and crescents..passed in front of the chest.
2006 J. Eisenberg Great Match Race ix. 121 His long tail was braided, a riding cloth and saddle draped over his back.
riding days n. historical (with the) the period of the 16th cent. during which raids were frequently carried out by the Scots over the Border into England.Chiefly in or with reference to the works of Sir Walter Scott.
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1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf x. 111 Siccan an act of stouthrife as hasna been heard o' in the country since the auld riding days!
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. xi. 227 We had lived on the grund..since the riding days, and lang before.
1932 J. Buchan Sir Walter Scott i. 19 Since the riding days were over, and most of the hill land was poor and uncultivable, the glens became sheep-walks.
2003 P. D. Garside in W. Scott Guy Mannering 402 Two leading clan names in Liddesdale during the 'riding' days in the 16th century.
riding establishment n. (a) British Army a training centre for cavalry troops; (b) (more generally) a riding school, esp. one that also provides a livery service and horses for hire; cf. riding school n.
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1820 New Compan. to Kalendar 148 Superintendant of Riding Establishment, has to examine all persons before they are appointed regimental riding masters.
1884 Royal Warrant for Pay, Promotion, & Non-effective Pay of Army 62 If serving abroad, and returning home to join the Horse Artillery or Riding Establishment, he shall receive Horse Artillery Pay only from the date of landing in this country.
1921 W. R. Robertson From Private to Field-Marshal ii. 20 I was one of two non-commissioned officers in the regiment recommended to go through a twelve months' course at the riding establishment at Canterbury.
1938 F. L. Fuller My Half Cent. as Inventor v. 30 There was a heavy layer of tanbark on the floor and all the other appurtenances of a first class riding establishment.
2004 S. R. Kelleher Frommer's Ireland iii. 79 Riding establishments also commonly offer such advanced options as jumping and dressage.
riding exercise n. horse riding undertaken for the sake of maintaining or improving one's health or horsemanship; an activity or drill performed for this purpose.
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1762 New & Gen. Biogr. Dict. XI. 366 He was seized with a dangerous scorbutical atrophy and looseness: but this was removed by riding exercise.
1802 tr. A. La Fontaine Odd Enough, to be Sure! I. 91 This, however, did not hinder..Lewis from preferring the plain before it for his riding exercises.
1844 Times 21 Sept. 4/6 Her Majesty takes daily walking or riding exercise within the grounds.
1927 J. M. Robertson Mod. Humanists Reconsidered 195 He carried out the same rule when he took riding exercise for his insomnia; the ride never did him any good because he would never push his horse.
2002 S. Swift Centered Riding 2 vii. 67 It can be interesting to do a riding exercise..to help you discover just how your horse's anatomy and movement correspond to your own.
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society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > mounting a horse > person on whom one stood to mount
riding fool1553
1553 in tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obediencia: Oration Transl. to Rdr. sig. A.viiv He hath alwayes been more fit to make a riding fole of, than a chaplayn for a kyng.
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 51/1 Valerianus..was..made a ridyng foole of Sapores their king, whoe vsed hym for a stoole to leape vp vppon hys horse.
riding gear n. originally Scottish equipment or clothing used for horse riding.In quot. 1639 in figurative context.
ΚΠ
1494 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 321/1 Gillot wt sadill and Ryding gere.
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus iv. f. 64 My riding geir is all to gane and spent.
1639 T. Mill O Yes, o Yes, I do Cry (single sheet) And mounted them so to their mind, in all their riding geare.
1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess iii. 221 Colen was mounted in a gentle suit, Wi' hatt an' wig, an' riding gear compleat.
1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. iv. 75 They earn a little by making horse-rugs and other articles of riding gear.
1910 J. London Burning Daylight ii. xi. 215 Bob, with riding gear and personal equipment, was despatched..to take up his quarters in the stables of the Oakland Riding Academy.
2005 J. Hughson et al. Uses of Sport vii. 215 The equipment to play polo..not just the stick and the riding gear, but a horse, stabling for it, membership of a club, etc.
riding graith n. Scottish and English regional (Yorkshire) (now rare) = riding gear n.; cf. graith n.
ΚΠ
1504–5 Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes in C. P. Stewart Hist. Mem. Stewarts of Forthergill (1879) App. 87 xj horss and two meres..with thair rydding grath.
1507–8 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 94 All riding graith tane fra him.
1616 in T. Hunter Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1878) III. 32 Everie horse..well furnisit with ryding graith.
1786 R. Burns Holy Fair vii, in Poems 43 Here, farmers gash, in ridin graith, Gaed hoddan by their cotters.
a1798 T. Browne Poems Several Occasions (1800) 162 His neighbour Roger..Appears in sight, in riding-graith adorn'd.
1891 Witch of Inverness 14 Mounted up in riding graith, Wad ride the cat maist out o' breath.
riding lamp n. †(a) a lamp attached to a stirrup (obsolete); (b) Nautical = riding light n. (now chiefly historical).Sense (a) apparently represents an isolated use.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > external lanterns lights
poop lantern1651
pharol1660
poop-light1708
top-lantern1748
pharos1759
truck-light18..
riding lamp1825
battle-lantern1830
pilot light1846
sidelight1848
riding light1861
running light1863
position light1889
smoking-lamp1889
navigation light1909
steaming light1909
spreader light1939
fanal-
1825 Imperial Mag. Feb. 203/1 Riding Lamps... A set of lamps of his invention, one of which was fixed under each stirrup.
1866 Hunt's Yachting Mag. 15 290 The prizes, consisting of three silver cups, race glass, timepiece, and cabin and riding lamps, were presented..soon after the race was concluded.
1932 ‘N. Shute’ Lonely Road iii. 44 He stared up at the one pole mast and the pencilled tracery of ropes in the dim light of the riding lamp.
2004 Cairns (Austral.) Post (Nexis) 12 Nov. 20 Parts of the Quetta were salvaged by divers and many, including the ship's bell, a compass bowl and a riding lamp, were incorporated into the furnishings of the church.
riding light n. Nautical a light (typically white) displayed by a vessel when riding at anchor.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > external lanterns lights
poop lantern1651
pharol1660
poop-light1708
top-lantern1748
pharos1759
truck-light18..
riding lamp1825
battle-lantern1830
pilot light1846
sidelight1848
riding light1861
running light1863
position light1889
smoking-lamp1889
navigation light1909
steaming light1909
spreader light1939
fanal-
1861 Times 19 Oct. 5/6 Had a riding light up (a large glass lantern), about half way up on the forestay.
1920 R. Curle Wanderings 144 Behind us the twinkling town and the dying mutter of the wild, before us the riding-lights of anchored craft swaying above the silent water!
1997 Classic Boat May 14/3 He's not getting his hands on my old oil riding light. Many's the night its warming glow has watched over us as we slept in some small East Coast anchorage.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > pay of troops > soldier's pay > additional > types of
conduct-money1512
conduct1644
belt money1648
riding money1668
batta1680
clearing1689
table money1705
field allowance1744
marching money1837
command allowance1860
command pay1875
1668 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1909) 3rd Ser. II. 396 That no money be exacted aff any persons under the name of ryding money.
a1699 J. Kirkton Secret & True Hist. Church Scotl. (1817) 223 They behoved to run to Edinburgh and report the receiver's discharge, and there satisfie the troupers for their pains beside, and this exaction they called their rideing money.
1721 R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. I. ii. i. 238 This was called Riding-money; and sometimes the Riding-money was as much as the Fine itself.
1830 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 58 Major Macculloch had soldiers quartered on him for thirty days, and paid L.100 for church fines, besides 1200 merks for fines by Middleton, and 300 merks for riding money.
ΚΠ
1536 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 257 Deliverit..to be ane ryding pye and ane pair of hois to the Kingis Grace.
1548 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1911) IX. 222 Pareis blak to be hir ane ryding pe.
a1600 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 174 Himself was clad in ane ryding pie of blak wellvet.
riding rock n. U.S. (now chiefly historical) a particular rock in a river or stream at or near a ford which is used by those crossing (originally on horseback) to gauge the depth of the water.
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society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > [noun] > that which guides or leads > rock at ford showing depth
riding rock1859
1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Riding Rock, a conspicuous rock at a ford, used to show the depth of the water and the safety of crossings.
1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 532 In the South..most streams..have a so-called riding rock at or near a fording-place.
2000 M. G. Lineback in L. R. Cooper People of New River (2001) 114 If the water was over that riding rock, it was not safe to go across.
riding sail n. Nautical a small sail raised to keep a vessel steady when riding at anchor.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > sail set when at anchor
riding sail1882
1882 Bull. U.S. Fish Commiss. 1 227 The rigging of the haddock catchers is precisely similar to that of the halibut catchers, with the exception that very few of them carry gaff-topsails and riding-sails.
1906 Cent. Mag. Aug. 486/2 The boom is lashed amidships and the riding-sail, a triangular piece of canvas, goes up in its place.
1990 Small Boat Jrnl. Jan. 32/3 If your boat will not sit comfortably when anchored normally,..it is very unlikely that a sea anchor will be able to pull the bow around without help from a riding sail.
riding scope n. Nautical the length of cable at which a ship rides when at anchor; = scope n.2 11.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor rope or cable > length of
scope1697
riding scope1841
1841 R. H. Dana Seaman's Man. 84 Paying out chain as she drops astern, until double your riding scope is out.
1919 F. B. Cooke Single-handed Cruising xi. 84 Ere the vessel can ride over the wave she must leap forward to accommodate her riding scope to the altered depth of the water.
1993 Boston Globe (Nexis) 25 July 60 All moorings have been given longer riding scope as a result of Hurricane Bob two years ago.
riding stick n. (a) a stick which a child pretends to ride as if it were a horse; a hobby horse, or the stick of a hobby horse; (b) a stick or switch used by a rider to urge a horse to move faster.
ΚΠ
1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words at Bíscheri Also a childs hobby horse or riding sticke.
1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. §25. 227 It appeareth that that which is here translated a rod, was not a wand, (as some would have it) or a riding stick: such rods are not to be leaned upon.
1788 P. Thicknesse Mem. & Anecd. I. viii. 146 I had only a sword, and a small riding stick.
1829 Amer. Jrnl. Educ. 4 460 Little girls must have their dolls, and little boys their riding sticks.
1860 ‘G. Eliot’ Mill on Floss I. i. viii. 143 The farmyard gate, which he..attempted to push open with his riding-stick.
1911 ‘B. L. Putman Weale’ Unknown God ii. xi. 467 The horseman,..bringing his thick riding-stick repeatedly down on the animal's flanks, started his violent progress once more.
1994 Times (Nexis) 22 Oct. She hit me on the head with the end of her riding stick.
2008 N. Dawidoff Crowd sounds Happy ii. 16 Ankles no wider in circumference than the riding stick of my hobby horse.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
ridingn.2
/ˈrʌɪdɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraɪdɪŋ/ 1. In northern and eastern England: an administrative division (originally and chiefly one of three) of a county or district, spec. (a) each of the three administrative districts into which Lindsey, the northern Part (part n.1 18a) of Lincolnshire, was formerly subdivided, designated the North, South, and West Ridings; (b) each of the three administrative districts into which the county of Yorkshire was formerly divided, designated the East, West, and North Ridings. Also (occasionally): the assembly or court of such a division. Now historical.These were abolished as official designations under the Local Government Act 1972, the provisions of which came into force on 1 April 1974. Subsequently in 1996 the East Riding of Yorkshire was re-established as a unitary authority and ceremonial county.In quot. a1475, despite the immediate context of land in Gloucestershire, probably with reference to riding courts in Lincolnshire (Godstow Nunnery fell within the diocese of Lincoln).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > administrative divisions in Britain > third part of a county > of other counties or districts
ridinga1475
society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > administrative divisions in Britain > third part of a county > of Yorkshire
ridingc1580
a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 155 (MED) He..warantiȝed all the forsaid lond [in Gloucestershire] to the forsaid Anneys..and aquyted of all sutes, that is to sey, of shire and hundred and of ridyng, vttirly, and of all greves.
1538 A. Fitzherbert tr. Loffice et Auctoryte des Iustyces de Peas f. xcvj Inhabitauntes of the shyre, or rydding, within which the sayde brydge shalbe.
1563 Seueral Rates & Taxations for Wages Countie of Rutland (single sheets) The Iustices of the peace of euery Sheere, Rydyng, and lybertie,..shoulde by force of that acte, assemble them selues together.
c1580 in A. H. Smith Place-names E. Riding Yorks. & York (1937) 1 The East Ridding.
1595 J. Norden Speculum Brit.: Cornwall (1728) 29 Euerye Shyre or Countye hath his lesser diuisions, as Kente hath Lathes: Sussex Rapes:..and Yorkshire for the greatnes of the circuit hath Rydinges.
1622 M. Drayton 2nd Pt. Poly-olbion xxiii. 70 Th'West-riding, and North, be mountainous and high, But tow'rds the German Sea the East, more low doth lie.
1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) App. Ridings of York-shire, the three Divisions of that County, viz. East, West and North.
1716 N. Hough in R. Thoresby Corr. (1832) II. 341 The uppishness and indiscretion..of some..in the West Riding.
1773 F. Grose Antiq. Eng.& Wales I. Pref. 133 Lindesig, or Lincolnshire,..divided into the West Riding, North Riding, and East Riding.
1837 T. Hood in Comic Ann. 77 If mine had been the luck in Yorkshire to be born, Or any of its ridings.
1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. 120 These districts..have long faded out of recollection except in the great shire of York with its three Ridings.
1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 655 The primary divisions of Lincolnshire are three trithings or ridings.
1906 A. Ballard Domesday Inquest iv. 76 Yorkshire and Lincolnshire were divided into ridings,..and the testimony of the riding is invoked in the same way as the testimony of the shire.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 319/2 Each of the ridings of Yorkshire has its own lord lieutenant and commission of the peace.
1959 Home Encycl. 118 Haver bread. A special very thin oat cake made, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, with fine oatmeal, water and yeast.
2008 P. Hensher Northern Clemency 135 Setting out what the people of Sheffield were like, and the people of the whole county too, all three ridings, ‘though we aren't to say ridings any more, that's all gone’.
2.
a. A similar division of a county or district in Ireland or in the countries of the former British Empire.
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society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > administrative divisions in Britain > other small administrative divisions > in parts of Britain and Ireland
ward1431
graveship1460
commot1495
sheading1577
toughe1584
baronya1599
riding1675
graviate1728
borough1899
1675 E. Andross Let. 18 Sept. in F. B. Hough Easton's Narr. Causes Indian War (1858) 79 That the Indyans of the north and west Ridings of Long Island shall..have their Guns restored to them.
1848 Times 10 Nov. 6/4 State of Tipperary. The journals of both ridings of this ill-fated county [etc.].
1902 Settler's Handbk. N.Z. 142 The counties were subdivided into ridings, each riding being empowered to elect a certain number of members of the Council of the county.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 441 He wrote me an anonymous letter in prentice backhand when my husband was in the North Riding of Tipperary on the Munster circuit.
2002 R. B. Herath Sri Lankan Ethnic Crisis iv. 166 Each of the groups could elect members from its ridings to a different institution each year.
b. spec. In Canada: (originally) a subdivision of a county, established primarily for electoral purposes (now historical). In later use: an electoral district, a constituency.
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society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in Canada
riding1792
rural municipality1861
1792 in Rep. Bureau Archives Ontario (1906) IV. 180 The said county of Glengarry, bounded as afore said, shall be divided into two ridings.
1799 D. W. Smyth Short Topogr. Descr. Upper Canada 101 The fourth riding includes the islands comprised within the easternmost boundaries of the river Niagara.
1853 Elora (Canada) Backwoodsman 21 Apr. 2/5 When I do seek the votes of the electors of the north riding, I shall fearlessly submit my qualifications and character to the judgment of all.
1867 Act 30 & 31 Vict. c. 3 §40 Ontario shall be divided into the Counties, Ridings of Counties, Cities,..and Towns, enumerated in the First Schedule to this act.
1890 Grip (Toronto) 29 Mar. 213/1 In that riding the New Party had only 50 pledged members, but pulled nearly 800 votes.
1921 Q. Rev. Jan. 23 The riding in which he [sc. Sir W. Laurier] had practised as a lawyer.
1970 D. Waterfield Continental Waterboy ii. 10 H. W. Herridge,..our M.P., gave a talk at Nakusp, warning of the considerable changes that might be expected in the economics of his riding.
2004 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Mar. a2/1 Harper will have to do very well indeed to make inroads in the traditionally Liberal ridings of Atlantic Canada.
Compounds
riding association n. Canadian Politics a local branch of a political party, operating at constituency level.
ΚΠ
1885 Hist. Toronto & County York, Ont. 346 He is Vice-President of the Riding Association, and has been Secretary of the Township Association for years.
2001 National Post (Canada) 13 June a6/3 This year, riding associations across the country will pick executives for the next two years.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
ridingadj.
/ˈrʌɪdɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraɪdɪŋ/ 1. That rides or is riding on horseback; mounted. Frequently designating a position or office the holder of which is employed or appointed to travel from place to place (on horseback) (now chiefly historical).See also riding clerk n., riding officer n.
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society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > rider > [adjective]
yhorsedc893
ridingOE
chevausende1430
horsed1488
mounted1583
horsinga1627
equestrian1711
equitant1840
bestriding1849
horse-riding1854
macadamizing1869
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [adjective]
riding1544
equestrial1556
prickant1613
equestrian1656
horsy1849
equitative1855
muleback1904
OE St. Euphrosyne (Julius) in W. W. Skeat Ælfric's Lives of Saints (1900) II. 346 He þa sende ridende men geond ealle Alexandria land and Egypta.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. l. 9 And he hadde in his ledyng [a1425 L.V. felouschip; L. comitatu] chareȝ & rydyng men, & þer was made þe company not a lytyll.
1403 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 7 (MED) [The office of] rydyngforster [within Wyndesore forest].
1472 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1842) II. 252 Alexander Mackintoche Thane of Rathamurcus to be ridin man to my Lorde William Erll of Eroll.
a1539 in Essex Rev. (1906) 15 145 The Lieutenant Rydyng foster and Ranger of the same forest.
1544 R. Tracy Supplycacion to Kynge Henry VIII sig. Cv Vnlerned curattes,..rydinge Chaplaynes, and suche other ydle parsons.
1544 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 73 Wylliam Sylke..sayth that he was rydyng Steward of Ramsey by the space of xvj yeres.
1633 J. Ford Loves Sacrifice i. sig. C4 There's not a Groome o' th Querry, could haue matcht The jolly riding man.
1673 R. Leigh Transproser Rehears'd 16 The same man is a riding-prince, a heroe, and an army in masquerade.
1692 Let. 17 Aug. in T. Sprat Second Pt. Relation Wicked Contrivance S. Blackhead (1693) 81 The then riding Judge..declar'd the Fact within Benefit of Clergy.
1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 69 No Suffragan Bishop shall have more than one riding Apparitor in his Diocess.
1761 Ann. Reg., Charact. 39/1 The duke..made him his riding purveyor.
1848 G. Struthers Orig. Secession Ch. 32 Doing violence to the constitution of the church..by sending ‘riding Committees’ of their number to do the work of tyranny.
1894 Outing 24 400/2 Those horses dragged the stage right up to the very edge of the steep grade afore the riding whites could stop 'em.
1954 M. Connolly Mr. Blue (new ed.) vi. 93 Once they fought with spear and pikestaff against hordes of riding men.
1992 D. Crouch Image of Aristocracy in Brit., 1000–1300 ix. 234 He maintained a riding forester and staff, as his predecessors had also done since the reign of Henry II.
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the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > knot > slip-knot
riding knotc1330
slipping knota1425
fisher's-knot1611
snittle1611
slip-knot1659
inside clinch1886
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 3220 On a towaile ȝhe made knotte riding.
c1450 (c1425) Brut (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 352 Þai..tokyn ij smale tewellys and made on ham rydyng knottis.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 32 Bynde the corde faste to the lynde, and make a rydynge knotte or a strope.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Knotte whiche runneth to, called a rydynge knotte, capulum.
1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. L2 I had the knot vnder my eare,..the riding deuice was almost thrust home.
1594 T. Nashe Terrors of Night sig. Dij Let a wizard there knit a noose or a riding snarle on his beard, & it is haile, storme and tempest a month after.
1617 Gesta Grayorum ii, in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth (1823) III. 325 Thomas Joynter..claymes liberty and usage of settinge riding-snares in..Fullwoods.
1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 25 I would have tied her neck of a riding-knot for ever gagling more.
1764 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 vi. 473 Perceiving it was tied with a riding knot, I slipped the knot.
1856 C. Cowley Hand Bk. Business in Lowell 28 He perceived that the image was suspended to her neck by a ribbon tied with a riding knot.
3. That rests upon, overlaps, or projects over something. Cf. ride v. 21b, 22, overriding adj. 2. Now rare.
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the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [adjective] > partially
riding1722
overlapping1839
overriding1883
wrap-over1979
the world > space > relative position > high position > position upon > [adjective]
superjacent1578
incumbent1624
insistent1624
incumbing1629
superincumbent1664
insisting1727
overlying1831
riding1859–60
1722 D. Turner Art of Surg. II. viii. 204 Clap two or three Fingers on the Inside of the Jaw..and gently extend by pulling the same out towards you, till you perceive the riding Part to meet even with the other fractur'd Extremity.
1859–60 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) at Flying Buttress The riding wall..should abut upon the main wall.
1874 F. G. D. Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. vii. 227 If the depth of water be greater than the height of a tank, a riding tier of tanks may be added.
1920 O. E. Inglis Burchard's Text-bk. Dental Pathol. & Therapeutics xxi. 682 Anything that may induce gingivitis, as a riding plate festoon, must, if possible, be avoided.
1984 C. G. Davis Amer. Sailing Ships 93 On top of the first tier was laid a second tier, the riding tier, and then provisions were stowed on top of the casks or forward of them.
Compounds
(Chiefly in sense 3.)† riding cast n. Agriculture Obsolete a method of sowing seeds in which one set of seeds is sown over another, at the same time.† riding cord n. Obsolete = tire n.6† riding crosstree n. Nautical Obsolete a horizontal beam used to secure a top (top n.1 15a) to a crosstree; = sleeper n. 9b.† riding interest n. Scots Law Obsolete a claim made by a creditor of a person who in turn is claiming in a multiplepoinding; cf. rider n. 9b.† riding part n. Obsolete (in most designs of simple scissors) each of the two elevations (one on each side) of the touching inner surfaces of scissor blades, behind the screw or rivet, which incline the slightly bowed blades towards each other at an angle that gradually changes as the blades are brought together during a cut, so that successive parts of the blade edges come into contact with each other.
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1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 246 In Sowing they have their several Methods, viz. the single Cast, the double Cast; and as they call it about Burford, the Hackney bridle, or riding cast... The Hackney bridle is two casts on a Land at one time, and but once about.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > method of > ribbon weaving > loom for > part of
riding cord1755
tire1759
return1760
swivel1894
swivel-shuttle1894
1755 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. IV. 2739/1 The tires, or the riding-cords, which run on the pullies, and pull up the high-lisses.
ΚΠ
1833 Naut. Mag. June 323 The palls stand on the riding cross-trees, the one 18 in. the other 12 in., at every 2 inches.
1883 Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships Royal Navy 27 Tops..are secured by placing two pieces of wood, called sleepers, or riding crosstrees, on the top directly over the lower crosstrees.
riding groom n. a groom whose duties involve riding on horseback; a jockey.
ΚΠ
1758 London Evening Post 27 May 2/2 Thomas Brett, of Newmarket, Riding Groom, shall not be allow'd to ride for either of these Purses.
1843 Observer 27 Aug. 4/2 An inquest was held..on the body of John Labden, aged 25, coachman to Colonel Arbuthnot, and formerly riding groom to the Duke of Wellington.
1911 A. Prescott Stairway on Wall v. 62 He was a riding groom returning leisurely from a late park lesson.
2002 Daily Mail (Nexis) 28 Mar. 47 Bob was one of three riding grooms behind the gold coach, and there were four postillions for the eight Windsor Grays and eight grooms walking.
ΚΠ
1826 T. Beveridge Pract. Treat. Forms of Process I. 384 A riding interest is a claim by a creditor of a claimant,..to be preferred to as much of the sum..as will pay the debt and claim of the rider.
1869 Sc. Law Reporter 6 470/2 His claim was not a riding interest, but, like the others, that of an ordinary creditor of the common debtor.
riding level n. now rare a spirit level attached to the top of the horizontal axis of an astronomical telescope or other instrument; cf. striding level at striding adj. b.
ΚΠ
1825 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 2 336 When the instrument is carefully levelled, the riding level is placed upon the arm t, parallel to the vertical circle, and there adjusted.
1859 E. Sabine in J. F. W. Herschel Man. Sci. Enq. (Lords Commissioners Admiralty) (ed. 3) 105 Carefully level the apparatus until the axis of the mirror is exactly horizontal, as shown by the riding-level..in all azimuths.
1903 B. Stewart et al. Less. Elem. Pract. Physics 301 In the first place the axis of the mirror must be horizontal. This adjustment is made by means of a riding level.
ΚΠ
1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 908 Close behind the screw-pin by which they [blades of scissors] are united, there is a little triangular elevation... This enlargement or bulge is technically called the ‘riding-part’.
1874 O. Byrne Pract. Metal-workers' Assistant (rev. ed.) xx. 355 These scissors are made without the riding part.
riding turn n. originally and chiefly Nautical a section of a rope, etc., which passes over another section in the construction of a knot; cf. turn n. 15.
ΚΠ
1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 187 The seizing of the first shroud is put on below the bolster,..with seven under and six riding turns.
1813 T. Martin Circle of Mech. Arts 70/2 Close under the block, with nine under, and eight riding-turns, every turn strained tight round with a heaver, and crossed each way two turns.
1841 R. H. Dana Seaman's Man. 42 After the riding turns are passed, the end is carried under the turns.
1981 P. Johnson Guinness Guide Sailing iii. xvi. 178 If a sheet (or other line) approaches and meets the winch at an angle of less than 90 degrees, then riding turns will result.
1996 J. L. Nelson By Force of Arms v. 55 Wilson wrapped the riding turns around the seizing, waiting for Barrett to continue, but the older man did not.
riding window n. English regional (Yorkshire) (now historical and rare) a hinged window shutter.
ΚΠ
c1535 in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. (1886) 9 212 ij wyndowes, th' one glasid conteyning vj ffoote of glasse wt rydynge wyndowes.
c1535 in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. (1886) 9 324 j fayre wyndowe..shitt wt a rydynge wyndowe of bourdes.
1886 Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. 9 212/2 In the larder at Esholt the window was shut with a riding window of boards.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1c1175n.2a1475
adj.OE