biochipn.

Brit.

/ˈbʌɪəʊtʃɪp/, U.S.

/ˈbaɪoʊˌtʃɪp/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: bio- comb. form, chip n.²

Etymology: < bio- comb. form + chip n.²

Chiefly Computing.

Any of various microchip-like objects containing or consisting of biological elements, working in a biological environment, or combining some of these features within a single device; spec. (a) a silicon microchip inside a living organism; (b) a (hypothetical) logical device analogous to a silicon chip, but whose components are formed from biological molecules or structures; (c) a chip of silicon or other solid material on which microscopic arrays of molecules such as DNA sections or polypeptides are mounted for simultaneous testing or analysis. Cf. biocomputer n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > apparatus > [noun] > other apparatus

compressorium1845

air bath1848

compressor1881

Berkefeld1891

incubator1896

catchwater1901

ultrafilter1908

fermenter1925

gradocol membrane1931

roller tube1933

Tiselius (electrophoresis) apparatus1939

sonicator1952

Sonifier1961

cytocentrifuge1966

lyophilizer1967

biochip1980

1980 Austral. Electronics Engin. Nov. 63 Such an ‘intelligent’ implantable sensor for monitoring and controlling might be termed a biochip.

1984 Your Computer June 53/2 A team from Warwick University..has managed to implant a simple biochip in the body of a man with heart disease to monitor his beat.

1987 T. Forester High-tech Society ii. 39 In ‘digital biochips’, molecules would imitate the binary on/off functions of transistors, while in ‘analog biochips’ enzymes might make possible a more graduated response to signals using their 3-D geometry.

1992 Byte July 100 This short-lived biochip revolution proved embarrassing for scientists and investors alike, but this was because of its wildly optimistic misjudgement of the time scale rather than because its ideas were inherently unlikely.

1997 Spirit June 22/1 Instead of credit cards, why not a simple biochip implant. One small piece of silicon under the skin would enable total freedom from bulging pockets of plastic and metal.

1999 Guardian (Electronic ed.) 6 May Making a biochip involves laying down a forest of DNA material onto a glass substrate.

2001 Biotechnol. & Bioengin. 73 324 The results show that a simple, low-cost adsorption process can deposit active protein onto a chip in an approach that has potential application in the development of protein biochips for the detection of biological species.

2006 A. Steffen et al. Worldchanging (2008) 114/1 These DNA computers, embedded with ‘biochips,’ herald a future that used to seem like pure sci-fi.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	biochip
释义	biochipn. Brit. /ˈbʌɪəʊtʃɪp/, U.S. /ˈbaɪoʊˌtʃɪp/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: bio- comb. form, chip n.² Etymology: < bio- comb. form + chip n.² Chiefly Computing. Any of various microchip-like objects containing or consisting of biological elements, working in a biological environment, or combining some of these features within a single device; spec. (a) a silicon microchip inside a living organism; (b) a (hypothetical) logical device analogous to a silicon chip, but whose components are formed from biological molecules or structures; (c) a chip of silicon or other solid material on which microscopic arrays of molecules such as DNA sections or polypeptides are mounted for simultaneous testing or analysis. Cf. biocomputer n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > apparatus > [noun] > other apparatus compressorium1845 air bath1848 compressor1881 Berkefeld1891 incubator1896 catchwater1901 ultrafilter1908 fermenter1925 gradocol membrane1931 roller tube1933 Tiselius (electrophoresis) apparatus1939 sonicator1952 Sonifier1961 cytocentrifuge1966 lyophilizer1967 biochip1980 1980 Austral. Electronics Engin. Nov. 63 Such an ‘intelligent’ implantable sensor for monitoring and controlling might be termed a biochip. 1984 Your Computer June 53/2 A team from Warwick University..has managed to implant a simple biochip in the body of a man with heart disease to monitor his beat. 1987 T. Forester High-tech Society ii. 39 In ‘digital biochips’, molecules would imitate the binary on/off functions of transistors, while in ‘analog biochips’ enzymes might make possible a more graduated response to signals using their 3-D geometry. 1992 Byte July 100 This short-lived biochip revolution proved embarrassing for scientists and investors alike, but this was because of its wildly optimistic misjudgement of the time scale rather than because its ideas were inherently unlikely. 1997 Spirit June 22/1 Instead of credit cards, why not a simple biochip implant. One small piece of silicon under the skin would enable total freedom from bulging pockets of plastic and metal. 1999 Guardian (Electronic ed.) 6 May Making a biochip involves laying down a forest of DNA material onto a glass substrate. 2001 Biotechnol. & Bioengin. 73 324 The results show that a simple, low-cost adsorption process can deposit active protein onto a chip in an approach that has potential application in the development of protein biochips for the detection of biological species. 2006 A. Steffen et al. Worldchanging (2008) 114/1 These DNA computers, embedded with ‘biochips,’ herald a future that used to seem like pure sci-fi. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1980
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