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单词 reparel
释义

† repareln.

Forms: late Middle English reparaylle, 1500s reparill, 1500s reparralle, 1500s reperell, 1500s repryll, 1500s–1600s reparell, 1500s–1600s reparrell, 1600s reparel.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: reparel v.
Etymology: < reparel v. Compare Anglo-Norman reparaile repair (14th cent.), Middle French reppareil repair (1402), Middle French rappareil repair (1352), apparatus (1508), post-classical Latin reparalia (neuter plural) apparel (1513 in a British source).
Obsolete.
1.
a. Fittings, furnishings.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > [noun] > collectively
mass-gearc1300
reparel1466
sacred1665
altar service1824
bondieuserie1941
the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > that which is supplied > that with which anything is equipped > equipment or accoutrements
ornament?c1225
i-wendea1250
atil1297
tacklea1325
apparel1330
conreyc1330
farec1330
tirec1330
apparementc1340
apparelmentc1374
graithc1375
appurtenancec1386
geara1400
warnementa1400
stuff1406
parelling?a1440
farrements1440
stuffurec1440
skippeson1444
harnessa1450
parela1450
implements1454
reparel1466
ordinance1475
habiliments1483
ornation1483
muniments1485
mountures1489
outred1489
accomplement?c1525
trinketc1525
garnishing1530
garniture1532
accoutrementsc1550
furniments1553
tackling1558
instrument1563
ordinara1578
appointment?1578
outreiking1584
appoint1592
dighting1598
outreik1598
apparate?c1600
accomplishment1605
attirail1611
coutrement1621
apparatusa1628
equipage1648
thing1662
equipment1717
paraphernalia1736
tack1777
outfit1787
fittinga1817
fixing1820
set-out1831
rigging1837
fixture1854
parapherna1876
clobber1890
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > equipment for any action or undertaking
ornament?c1225
i-wendea1250
atil1297
tacklea1325
apparel1330
conreyc1330
farec1330
tirec1330
apparementc1340
apparelmentc1374
graithc1375
appurtenancec1386
geara1400
warnementa1400
stuff1406
parelling?a1440
farrements1440
stuffurec1440
skippeson1444
harnessa1450
parela1450
implements1454
reparel1466
ordinance1475
habiliments1483
ornation1483
muniments1485
outred1489
trinketc1525
garnishing1530
garniture1532
accoutrementsc1550
furniments1553
tackling1558
instrument1563
ordinara1578
appointment?1578
outreiking1584
supellectile1584
appoint1592
dighting1598
outreik1598
materialsa1600
apparate?c1600
attirail1611
coutrement1621
apparatusa1628
outrig1639
equipage1648
thing1662
equipment1717
paraphernalia1736
fixture1767
tack1777
outfit1787
fittinga1817
fixing1820
matériel1821
set-out1831
rigging1837
parapherna1876
clobber1890
1466 Inventory in Archaeologia (1887) 50 35 And j nothir basyne of a lampe withoute any Reparaylle ther for.
1517 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 6 The masse booke, portace, chales, vestementt, and all other reparell to oon preiste to say masse with.
b. Clothing, attire.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun]
clothesc888
hattersOE
shroudc1000
weedOE
shrouda1122
clothc1175
hatteringa1200
atourc1220
back-clout?c1225
habit?c1225
clothingc1275
cleadinga1300
dubbinga1300
shroudinga1300
attirec1300
coverturec1300
suitc1325
apparel1330
buskingc1330
farec1330
harness1340
tire1340
backs1341
geara1350
apparelmentc1374
attiringa1375
vesturec1385
heelinga1387
vestmentc1386
arraya1400
graitha1400
livery1399
tirementa1400
warnementa1400
arrayment1400
parelc1400
werlec1400
raiment?a1425
robinga1450
rayc1450
implements1454
willokc1460
habiliment1470
emparelc1475
atourement1481
indumenta1513
reparel1521
wearing gear1542
revesture1548
claesc1550
case1559
attirement1566
furniture1566
investuring1566
apparelling1567
dud1567
hilback1573
wear1576
dress1586
enfolding1586
caparison1589
plight1590
address1592
ward-ware1598
garnish1600
investments1600
ditement1603
dressing1603
waith1603
thing1605
vestry1606
garb1608
outwall1608
accoutrementa1610
wearing apparel1617
coutrement1621
vestament1632
vestiment1637
equipage1645
cask1646
aguise1647
back-timbera1656
investiture1660
rigging1664
drapery1686
vest1694
plumage1707
bussingc1712
hull1718
paraphernalia1736
togs1779
body clothing1802
slough1808
toggery1812
traps1813
garniture1827
body-clothes1828
garmenture1832
costume1838
fig1839
outfit1840
vestiture1841
outer womana1845
outward man1846
vestiary1846
rag1855
drag1870
clo'1874
parapherna1876
clobber1879
threads1926
mocker1939
schmatte1959
vine1959
kit1989
1521 in Miscellanea (Thoresby Soc.) (1924) 26 344 A Jacket, a paire hoose and other of my reparell.
1558–9 in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. 67 366 My best doublet, and my best gowne, and all my other reperell.
1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. G4v Tricke thy selfe vp in thy best reparrell.
1613 F. Beaumont Knight of Burning Pestle Prol. sig. B2 Let them but lend him a suit of reparrell, and necessaries.
1699 P. Motteux Island Princess iv. 21 Whither so smugg'd up thus early you go? With clean Hands and Face, Your best Band with a Lace, Your Sunday Reparel when you shou'd go Plough.
2. Repair. Only in out of reparel: = out of repair at repair n.2 Phrases 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorated in condition [phrase] > out of repair
out of reparation (also reparations)1543
out of reparel1550
out of repair1588
1550 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 274 The churche is owte of reparell, so that no man can well abyde in the bodie of the churche..when it is fowle wether.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† reparelv.

Forms: Middle English repairel, Middle English reparail, Middle English reparail, Middle English reparaile, Middle English reparaill, Middle English reparal, Middle English reparale, Middle English reparayl, Middle English reparayle, Middle English reparayll, Middle English repareil, Middle English repareill, Middle English reparele, Middle English reparelle, Middle English reparil, Middle English reparill, Middle English repayral, Middle English repayreyl, Middle English reperaile, Middle English reperal, Middle English reperall, Middle English reperell, Middle English reperill, Middle English–1500s reparel, Middle English–1500s reparell, 1500s reparyl; Scottish pre-1700 raparal, pre-1700 raparalle, pre-1700 raperal, pre-1700 reparal, pre-1700 reparall, pre-1700 reparel, pre-1700 reparell, pre-1700 reparral, pre-1700 reparrall, pre-1700 reparrel, pre-1700 reparrell, pre-1700 repeiril, pre-1700 reperal, pre-1700 reperall, pre-1700 reperele, pre-1700 reperell, pre-1700 reperrell. N.E.D. (1906) also records a form late Middle English reparyl.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French reparailler, rapareillier.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman reparailler, reparrailler, repareiller, repareyler, repariler, repariller, reperailler, repairaler, reapparailler, raparailler, etc. and Middle French rapareillier to repair (12th cent. in Old French), to prepare, make ready (12th cent. in Anglo-Norman), to refit (a ship), to heal, restore, to renew, to stimulate, reanimate, to reform, correct (all 13th cent. in Anglo-Norman) < re- re- prefix + apareiller apparel v.; French rappareiller (1690) probably shows an independent later formation. Compare post-classical Latin reparaliare (1363 in a British source).
Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive. To repair (a damaged, worn, or faulty object or structure).In quot. a1500 in figurative context.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)]
beetc975
menda1200
amenda1250
rightc1275
botcha1382
reparela1382
cure1382
repaira1387
dighta1400
emend1411
to mend up1479
restablishc1500
help1518
trimc1520
redub1522
reparate1548
accommodate1552
reinstaure1609
reconcinnate1623
to do up1647
righta1656
fixa1762
doctor1829
vamp1837
service1916
rejig1976
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xxix. 20 My bowe in myn hond shal be reparailid [a1425 L.V. astorid; L. instaurabitur].
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 42 Adrian..reparailed [Fr. refist] þe citee of Ierusalem and restored þe temple.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 4293 (MED) Þe walles of ȝorke þai reparald.
1490 in Stuart Cov. Myst. (1825) 33 These bene the Garments that wer new reparallyd ayaynste Corpus Christi daye.
a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) ii. 9 Þai sall be broken in hell and neuere reparaild.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iv. vii. 27 His navy lost reparalit I, but faill.
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xxi. f. 39v The mylner shall..vpholde and reparell the spindell & the rynde..at his owne proper cost and charge.
1560 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1875) III. 62 To reparrall the kirk,..mend the glasen wyndokis, and mak settis convenient.
c1600 in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 35 The..dewties of the parochin may be..arrestit..unto the tyme the prelate or persoun repair and reparrell the kirk.
b. transitive. To keep in good repair; to maintain.
ΚΠ
1394 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 186 (MED) I will that this place dwell still to my wyfe and to my childer..And I will that thay reparell it and kepe it in the plyte that it es in now, als wele als thay may.
1423 Petition in Fenland Notes & Queries (1907–9) 7 308 (MED) The dereigne and issues of ffresh waters to the See of certen townes..er not sufficiantly repareld as yem oght to be.
a1450 Complaint J. Brome in Warwickshire Antiquarian Mag. (1869) 4 187 (MED) His s[er]uaunts..shulde..reparell hys Tenantries, husbonde his lyvelode, and other his occupacions there.
1455 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 76 (MED) I wol that the Wardeyn..haue yeerly..xx li..to reparell my said Chapell after tyme it is sufficiently beeldid and performed.
2.
a. transitive. To restore to good or proper condition, esp. by compensating for waste, decay, hunger, etc. Also with till.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)]
recovera1382
recurea1382
reparela1382
instore1382
store1387
restorec1390
redressc1405
repeal1479
rectifya1529
restauratea1538
redeem1575
instaurate1583
upright1601
upseta1652
reficiate1657
rehabilitate1663
retrieve1665
re-establish1706
re-rail1914
rehab1961
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) 1 Esdras Prol. l. 79 Alle þe bookis of þe olde testament reparailede [L. reparaileide] & enspirid with goddis spirit.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 82v Þerfore it [sc. sneezing] schal be a stint wiþ..stewinge þat makeþ it stynte and reparailiþ spiritis & wastiþ superfluytes.
R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Fire of Love 52 (MED) If þou will entyr to þe kyngdome lost & eft reparayld [L. recuperatum] with cristis blode, þe behouys godis comamentis to kepe.
c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies ii. xi, in Anglia (1885) 8 178 (MED) Hir artery-veynes repareld and voys renewed, welny aldaye she ceced not..mery notes of melody.
a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 55 (MED) Loke that thou leueste be yeven to the pore that the flesshe of the nedy and hungri be reparild with that.
a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) ii. 24 All þat ere born til new life and reparaild til þe sight of god.
b. transitive. To remedy (an undesirable condition or situation); to rectify, make good. rare.
ΚΠ
a1450 St. Katherine (Richardson 44) (1884) 58 (MED) We haue so greet an harm by los of oure wyf þat hit may not be repayreyled aȝeyn.
a1500 (?a1400) Stanzaic Life of Christ (Harl. 3909) (1926) 7157 (MED) In erth reperaile eke thyng that mon-kynde did amys.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 175 Knowyng that the falle of theyr felowes [sc. angels] shulde be reparelyd by oure lady.
3.
a. transitive. To devise. Also: to prepare. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > invention, devising > invent, devise [verb (transitive)]
findeOE
understand1297
devisea1300
shapec1381
warpa1387
enginec1400
weavec1420
reparel1434
studyc1530
conjecture1551
spina1575
ingeniate1592
think1599
to pattern out1601
decoct1602
smooth1603
to fetch about1611
fancy1635
plait1642
erect1646
R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Mending of Life 115 (MED) A thowsand begilyngis of noiyng..he reparells to kest hym from þe luf of god.
a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 8 Who so coude reparale & preparate kyndely þis fier, wiþoute doute it wolde quenche anoon a brennynge sijknes clepid þe fier of helle.
b. transitive. To put in order; to adorn, equip; to dress.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)]
wrya901
clothec950
shride971
aturnc1220
begoa1225
array1297
graith1297
agraithc1300
geara1325
cleadc1325
adightc1330
apparel1362
back1362
shape1362
attirea1375
parela1375
tirea1375
rayc1390
addressa1393
coverc1394
aguisea1400
scredea1400
shrouda1400
bedightc1400
buskc1400
harnessc1400
hatterc1400
revesta1449
able1449
dressa1450
reparel?c1450
adub?1473
endue?a1475
afaite1484
revestera1500
beclothe1509
trimc1516
riga1535
invest1540
vesture1555
suit1577
clad1579
investure1582
vest1582
deck1587
habit1594
to make ready1596
caparison1597
skin1601
shadow1608
garment1614
riga1625
raiment1656
garb1673
equip1695
to fit out1722
encase1725
tog1793
trick1821
to fig out1825
enclothe1832
toilet1842
to get up1858
habilitate1885
tailor1885
kit1919
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > equip or outfit
frameOE
dightc1275
fayc1275
graith1297
attire1330
purveyc1330
shapec1330
apparel1366
harnessc1380
ordaina1387
addressa1393
array1393
pare1393
feata1400
point1449
reparel?c1450
provide1465
fortify1470
emparel1480
appoint1490
deck?15..
equip1523
trim1523
accoutre1533
furnish1548
accommodate1552
fraught1571
suit1572
to furnish up1573
to furnish out1577
rig1579
to set out1585
equipage1590
outreik1591
befit1598
to furnish forth1600
fita1616
to fit up1670
outrig1681
to fit out1722
mount?1775
outfit1798
habilitate1824
arm1860
to fake out1871
heel1873
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 5119 (MED) A text of þe gospell With tresour monkes reparell.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7148 Þe new kirke was reconsailde Solemply and reparailde.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 686/2 I reparell, I clothe one, je habille.
?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) i. l. 431 in Shorter Poems (1967) 34 Reperalit [1579 Edinb. Reparrellit] wes that godlyk plesand wone..In rychest claith of gold.
1599 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1876) I. 194 Ordanes thame to reparrell and mak the same [uniform] reddy.
4. transitive. Perhaps: to act according to the position of (the moon). rare.
ΚΠ
a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 112 (MED) Make Mercury yn þe fferthe degree, & reparaill þe mone, ffor in holdyng of wayes it ys þe gretteste tokenyng vniuersele.

Derivatives

reparelled adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > [adjective] > restored
reparelledc1450
reintegrate1495
redintegrate1501
restored1538
regenerate1613
recruited1648
redintegrated1655
restituted1728
revivified1774
rehabilitated1837
renovated1849
done-over1874
reconditioned1910
rehabbed1967
c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies i. iii, in Anglia (1885) 8 136 Oure lorde..bihighte þat as reparelde matrymoyne he wolde gyue ageyne to hir in heuene hir felowe.
repareller n. a repairer.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > mender > [noun]
clouterc1440
maker-up?a1444
botcher1499
repairer?1504
reparationer1520
patcher1528
bodger1538
repareller1546
mender1552
sarcinator1646
vamper1712
piecer1764
renovator1827
repairman1856
fixer?1881
serviceman1905
Mr Fixit1924
fixit man1949
fixit1982
1546 in W. Page Certificates Chantries County of York (1894) I. 22 A fre rent of the repareler of the said Bedern.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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