reificationn.

Brit.

/ˌreɪᵻfᵻˈkeɪʃn/,

/ˌriːᵻfᵻˈkeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌriəfəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌreɪəfəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin rēs , -ification suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin rēs res n.¹ + -ification suffix, probably after deification n. In sense 2 after German Verdinglichung (1904 or earlier in specific Marxist use; 1824 in apparently isolated early use in sense 1).

1. The making of something abstract into something more concrete or real; the action of regarding or treating an idea, concept, etc., as if having material existence. Also: an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > [noun] > materialization

hylasmus1664

materialization1843

reification1846

corporealization1863

thingifying1931

thingification1935

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > [noun] > matter or substance > regarding as substance

reification1846

hypostasization1884

hypostatization1886

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [noun] > faults according to communist theory

revisionism1856

practicism1931

objectivism1933

reification1937

tailism1948

practicalism1950

diversionism1955

capitulationism1963

1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece I. xvi. 466 (note) Boiocalus would have had some trouble to make his tribe comprehend the re-ification of the god Hêlios.

1854 Fraser's Mag. 49 74 A process of what may be called reification, or the conscious conversion of what had hitherto been regarded as living beings into impersonal substances.

1882 J. B. Stallo Concepts Mod. Physics 269 The existence, or possibility, of transcendental space is another flagrant instance of the reification of concepts.

1937 T. Parsons Struct. Social Action xiii. 476 Positivistic empiricism has been predominantly a matter of the ‘reification’ of theoretical systems.

1954 H. J. Eysenck Psychol. Politics viii. 262 Freud's reification of mental mechanisms is a literary rather than a scientific device.

1976 G. Therborn Sci., Class & Soc. i. 26 The ugly consequences, in Friedrich's view, result from a ‘reification’ of the current epistemological stance of science.

2000 P. Collinson in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Comp. Christian Thought 601/1 By a process of reification, a number of convulsive and creative movements and events of the sixteenth century became known as the Reformation.

2. In Marxist thought: a process whereby the alienated worker falsely endows commodities and the production relations, institutions, and ideologies of capitalist society with autonomous existence independent of himself or herself, or his or her labour, and hence comes to view them as natural or necessary aspects of life; (also) an instance of this. Cf. commodity fetishism n. at commodity n. Compounds 3.The word is not used in early English translations of Marx.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [noun] > Marxism > specific theories or usages

means of production1833

revolution1850

false consciousness1858

superstructure1887

proletarian revolution1888

historical materialism1892

dictatorship of the proletariat1895

synthesis1896

dialectical materialism1898

practice1899

withering away1919

base1933

praxis1933

reification1941

cultural Marxism1949

spontaneism1970

1941 H. Marcuse Reason & Revol. ii. i. 279 Marx's early writings are the first explicit statement of the process of reification (Verdinglichung) through which capitalist society makes all personal relations between men take the form of objective relations between things.

1970 J. J. Shapiro tr. J. Habermas Toward Rational Society iii. 39 The active assault upon culture is based on the same reification as the fetishism of those students who believe that by occupying university classrooms they are taking possession of science as a productive force.

1976 A. Schaff in T. Honderich Social Ends & Polit. Means vii. 138 Reifications and commodity fetishism..both have to do with consequence of the alienation of human labour.

1981 D. Fernbach tr. K. Marx Capital III. xlviii. 969 This economic trinity as the connection between the components of value and wealth in general and its sources, completes the mystification of the capitalist mode of production, the reification of social relations, and the immediate coalescence of the material relations of production with their historical and social specificity.

2002 A. Merrifield Metromarxism iii. 57 Needless to say, the ruling class prospers from this reification, yet the proletariat becomes submissive.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	reification
释义	reificationn. Brit. /ˌreɪᵻfᵻˈkeɪʃn/, /ˌriːᵻfᵻˈkeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌriəfəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌreɪəfəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin rēs , -ification suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin rēs res n.¹ + -ification suffix, probably after deification n. In sense 2 after German Verdinglichung (1904 or earlier in specific Marxist use; 1824 in apparently isolated early use in sense 1). 1. The making of something abstract into something more concrete or real; the action of regarding or treating an idea, concept, etc., as if having material existence. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > [noun] > materialization hylasmus1664 materialization1843 reification1846 corporealization1863 thingifying1931 thingification1935 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > [noun] > matter or substance > regarding as substance reification1846 hypostasization1884 hypostatization1886 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [noun] > faults according to communist theory revisionism1856 practicism1931 objectivism1933 reification1937 tailism1948 practicalism1950 diversionism1955 capitulationism1963 1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece I. xvi. 466 (note) Boiocalus would have had some trouble to make his tribe comprehend the re-ification of the god Hêlios. 1854 Fraser's Mag. 49 74 A process of what may be called reification, or the conscious conversion of what had hitherto been regarded as living beings into impersonal substances. 1882 J. B. Stallo Concepts Mod. Physics 269 The existence, or possibility, of transcendental space is another flagrant instance of the reification of concepts. 1937 T. Parsons Struct. Social Action xiii. 476 Positivistic empiricism has been predominantly a matter of the ‘reification’ of theoretical systems. 1954 H. J. Eysenck Psychol. Politics viii. 262 Freud's reification of mental mechanisms is a literary rather than a scientific device. 1976 G. Therborn Sci., Class & Soc. i. 26 The ugly consequences, in Friedrich's view, result from a ‘reification’ of the current epistemological stance of science. 2000 P. Collinson in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Comp. Christian Thought 601/1 By a process of reification, a number of convulsive and creative movements and events of the sixteenth century became known as the Reformation. 2. In Marxist thought: a process whereby the alienated worker falsely endows commodities and the production relations, institutions, and ideologies of capitalist society with autonomous existence independent of himself or herself, or his or her labour, and hence comes to view them as natural or necessary aspects of life; (also) an instance of this. Cf. commodity fetishism n. at commodity n. Compounds 3.The word is not used in early English translations of Marx. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [noun] > Marxism > specific theories or usages means of production1833 revolution1850 false consciousness1858 superstructure1887 proletarian revolution1888 historical materialism1892 dictatorship of the proletariat1895 synthesis1896 dialectical materialism1898 practice1899 withering away1919 base1933 praxis1933 reification1941 cultural Marxism1949 spontaneism1970 1941 H. Marcuse Reason & Revol. ii. i. 279 Marx's early writings are the first explicit statement of the process of reification (Verdinglichung) through which capitalist society makes all personal relations between men take the form of objective relations between things. 1970 J. J. Shapiro tr. J. Habermas Toward Rational Society iii. 39 The active assault upon culture is based on the same reification as the fetishism of those students who believe that by occupying university classrooms they are taking possession of science as a productive force. 1976 A. Schaff in T. Honderich Social Ends & Polit. Means vii. 138 Reifications and commodity fetishism..both have to do with consequence of the alienation of human labour. 1981 D. Fernbach tr. K. Marx Capital III. xlviii. 969 This economic trinity as the connection between the components of value and wealth in general and its sources, completes the mystification of the capitalist mode of production, the reification of social relations, and the immediate coalescence of the material relations of production with their historical and social specificity. 2002 A. Merrifield Metromarxism iii. 57 Needless to say, the ruling class prospers from this reification, yet the proletariat becomes submissive. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1846
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