relatedadj.n.

Brit.

/rᵻˈleɪtᵻd/, U.S.

/rəˈleɪdᵻd/,

/riˈleɪdᵻd/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: relate v., -ed suffix¹.

Etymology: < relate v. + -ed suffix¹. With sense A. 2 compare relate adj. In use as noun after post-classical Latin relatum relate n.; compare earlier relatum n., relate n.

A. adj.

†1. That has been narrated or recounted; (also) referred to. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > narration > [adjective] > narrated

recited1534

repeated1545

related1603

retailed1607

stated1633

1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 38 Wee heere dispatch [you]..giuing to you no further personall power To businesse with the King, Then those related [1604 delated, 1623 dilated] articles do shew.

1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) v. § 4. 191 These twentie places..they may easily commit..to memorie, therefore I will remit this labour to the related authour.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads x. 291 Base Dolon..neuer turnd to harme The Greeks, with their related drifts.

1670 I. Tonge Let. 6 June in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1970) VII. 23 I repaired to the place of the related combat.

1703 L. Smith Evid. Things not Seen (ed. 2) 168 There are indeed Multitudes of such related Stories as those appertaining to Apparitions.

1794 Caroline de Montmorenci 65 Who troubles himself to trace the origin of a related tale, if the person on whom 'tis founded is a stranger?

a. Connected or having relation to something else.

(a) In predicative use with to or with.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > [adjective] > related or connected

fastOE

of kin1486

akin1548

alliant1551

consortinga1592

kin1600

conjugate1605

consanguineousa1616

social1620

related1623

relatea1627

connex1653

cognate1655

agnate1686

contiguous1770

connected1789

allied1794

adjoining1869

1623 ‘A. C.’ Answer to Fisher Catched in Owne Net ii. 27 If this proposition be considered (as it must be) as related to the first Question, and the end thereof; I further adde, That it is not pertinent to that end.

1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋239 Cauteries or permanent wounds are thought to be..related to it.

1747 E. M. da Costa in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 398 A shell related to the Nautilus kind.

1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 564/2 The Swedish [language] is more nearly related to the Icelandic than either the Danish or Norwegian.

1828 T. Carlyle Goethe in Foreign Rev. 2 89 These two classes of works stand curiously related with each other.

1846 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces 47 Electricity and magnetism are quantitatively related to them.

1927 Jrnl. Negro Hist. 12 355 Fundamental problems related to the significance of race as a factor in the development of civilization.

1968 R. Rasmont in M. Florkin & B. T. Scheer Chem. Zool. II. i. vi. 65 No structure, either cellular or subcellular, has ever been proved to be related with osmoregulation.

2007 Independent 13 Nov. 20/2 Many Holocaust survivors now live in Israel, struggling with mental health problems and physical handicaps related to their ordeals.

(b) In attributive use.

ΚΠ

1675 R. Baxter More Proofs Infants Church-membership i. 35 To be a Member is to be a Part: It is therefore as the member of a Family, School, Kingdom, a related part!

a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) 33 The same Author treating..of a nearly related Species of Star-Stone.., tells us [etc.].

1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic x. 336 Of the countless Relations thus brought to our notice, many are essential to an adequate knowledge of the related object.

1887 J. D. Dana Man. Min. & Petrogr. (ed. 4) iv. iii. 290 Aspidolite is a related mica.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 515/1 A related substance, haemocyanin..occurs in the blood of cephalopods and crayfish.

1950 D. B. Lucas & S. H. Britt Advertising Psychol. & Res. ii. v. 107 Lists of human wants and related advertising appeals are included in this chapter mainly for the purpose of illustrating the theory of motivation.

1988 Early Music 16 549 A related question is that of the stringed instrument for which the lowest part of the orchestral works was intended.

2001 I. McEwan Atonement 146 A garrulous woman who liked to chat about eggs and related matters.

b. Of two or more things: having mutual relation, mutually connected. Chiefly in predicative use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > correlation > [adjective] > mutual or reciprocal

evena1425

interchangeablec1450

relativea1500

reciprocativea1504

mutual1513

reciproque?1533

reciprocous1567

requiteda1586

intermutual1595

alternate1600

commutual1604

vicissitudinary1629

reciprocal1632

reflexivea1635

reciprocated1663

related1671

mutuous1683

turn about1802

interdependent1817

interrelated1827

reciprocating1827

reciprocate1833

transmutuala1834

reflective1839

interpendent1855

interradiating1858

two-way1950

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 786 Let weakness then with weakness come to parl So near related, or the same of kind.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxv. 151 The Ideas of Relation, may be the same in Men, who have far different Ideas of the Things that are related.

1710 G. Ollyffe Christian Alarm 11 Whatsoever difference there may be in the Members, as to their Use and Excellency, yet still they are so nearly related, as to belong to one Body.

1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful iii. §17. 103 The beauty both of shape and colouring are as nearly related, as we can well suppose it possible.

1843 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic I. i. iii. §10 Whenever two things are said to be related there is some fact or series of facts into which they both enter.

1889 H. Parry in Grove Dict. Music IV. 141/1 Even chords belonging to closely related keys are commonly used [etc.].

1905 Amer. Anthropologist 7 216 A comparison of the two languages, the Achomawi and the Atsugewi, with the Shasta and its dialects, shows clearly that the three are related.

1989 Accountancy May 168/2 Two or more parties are considered to be related parties when for all or part of the financial period..one party is able to exercise either direct or indirect control, or significant influence, over the other party.

1992 C. P. Estés Women who run with Wolves viii. 250 Addiction and ferality are related.

c. As the second element in compounds formed with a noun, as alcohol-related, need-related, war-related, work-related, etc.: having a connection or relation (sometimes causal) to the thing specified.drug-, performance-, profit-, wage-related, etc.: see the first element.

ΚΠ

1937 Times 1 Mar. 9/2 The investigation began two years ago after the publication by Professor Haldane of the theory that haemophilia and colour blindness were sex-related.

1943 Amer. Biol. Teacher 5 135 Essential information on 114 war-related films.

1951 Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. 56 557/1 Needs could act as sensitizers, lowering the recognition thresholds for need-related stimuli.

1970 Jrnl. Health, Physical Educ. & Recreation Mar. 46/1 Team handball..is often confused with a popular squash-related sport also dubbed handball.

1987 D. F. Wallace Broom of Syst. 422 When I'm not working, I'd rather not do a work-related thing.

1996 F. Popcorn & L. Marigold Clicking ii. 286 Alcohol-related traffic deaths have dropped a third from what they were ten years ago.

2006 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 27 Jan. b5/1 The condition, a swelling of the lining of Long's brain, was caused by football-related ‘chronic traumatic encephalopathy’, also known as ‘punch-drunk syndrome’.

3. Connected by blood or marriage; belonging to the same family. Frequently with to or †unto. Chiefly in predicative use.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective]

sibeOE

ysibbeOE

belengc1175

sibc1175

kinda1325

by-sybbec1440

evenkinc1450

of kin1486

sibbeda1500

akinc1515

kindred1530

allied1577

affined1586

cousin1590

kin1600

related1650

cognate1827

our1836

affinitative1855

relatival1899

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. xii. 247 Strange, that strangers..should so affectionately bemoan the death of a man no whit related unto them.

1662 K. Evans & S. Chevers Short Relation Cruel Sufferings 90 And he asked, if I were related to them as a Husband or Kinsman.

1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick Ded. sig. A4 It was no sooner known that I had the Honour to be Related to..Your Grace, but [etc.].

1772 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) I. 319 He [sc. John the Baptist]..had no personal knowledge of Jesus, though they were related.

1837 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece IV. xxxiii. 299 A Persian of the highest rank, related to the royal family.

1862 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 504/1 Whitstable is as peculiar in its way as any of the Scottish fishing villages,and a great number of its inhabitants are related by marriage.

1903 P. W. Joyce Social Hist. Anc. Ireland I. v. 166 All the members of a sept were nearly related, and in later times bore the same surname.

1946 S. J. Perelman Keep it Crisp 68 Fox-nosed, sallow, closely related to God on his mother's side, Antennae has been by turns an insurance technician, reception clerk..and used-car salesman.

1989 H. Carpenter Brideshead Generation i. 9 ‘Howard’ was rather a handicap at Eton if one happened not to be related to the Duke of Norfolk.

2003 J. M. Alger & S. F. Alger Cat Culture iii. 80 Cats who were related to each other were given names with the same first letter.

4. Biology. Of two or more taxa or lineages: sharing a recent evolutionary ancestor. Of a taxon or lineage: having such a relation (to another).

ΚΠ

1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species ii. 44 (heading) Many of the species of the larger genera resemble varieties in being very closely, but unequally, related to each other.

1887 Science 5 Aug. 71/2 It [sc. a propatagial muscle] occurs similarly developed in so distantly related groups as the parrots, the woodpeckers, and the acromyodian Passeres.

1934 C. C. Steele Introd. Plant Biochem. vi. xxi. 236 ‘Oil of thyme’, from Thymus vulgaris and related species, yields thymol and carvacrol..in varying amounts.

1990 P. C. Sereno in K. Carpenter & P. J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics (1992) i. 14 Unconformities, poorly exposed horizons, and unfossiliferous strata can create a morphologic gap between closely related taxa.

2010 New Yorker 29 Mar. 43/1 The fungus has acquired a scientific name, Geomyces destructans, and has been shown to be related to another fungus..which causes skin infections in humans.

B. n.

Logic. = relatum n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > propositional relation > relate

relate1582

relatum1647

related1697

1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica i. vii. 22 Relateds are said either to be Synonimous, or of the same Name; or Heteronymous, viz. of a diverse.

1701 tr. F. Burgersdijck Introd. Art Logick i. vii. 19 Relateds according to their Names are absolute things, which include or connote a Relation.

1893 F. H. Bradley Appearance & Reality ii. xxv. 445 A relation is unmeaning, unless both itself and the relateds are the adjectives of a whole.

1986 R. Champigny Sense, Antisense, Nonsense i. ii. 32 Relateds cannot be divorced from their relations with other relateds without modifications.

Derivatives

reˈlatedness n. the state, condition, or fact of being related or connected.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > relatedeness or connectedness

relatedness1674

connectedness1697

cousinship1848

connectivity1893

1674 J. Howe Treat. Delighting in God i. 9 We are more principally to consider him, viz. rather relatively than absolutely; and that relatedness..as now anew setled in Christ.

1839 G. C. Haughton Prodromus 77 It clearly expresses the state of the things that we conceive to be related, that is, their related-state, or relatedness.

1895 Dublin Rev. Apr. 315 The process of amalgamation was favoured by relatedness of race and language.

1995 J. Shreeve Neandertal Enigma (1996) i. 4 Every living branch and twig of the human family tree had shot up from this ‘mitochondrial Eve’,..binding all humans in an intimate web of relatedness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	related
释义	relatedadj.n. Brit. /rᵻˈleɪtᵻd/, U.S. /rəˈleɪdᵻd/, /riˈleɪdᵻd/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: relate v., -ed suffix¹. Etymology: < relate v. + -ed suffix¹. With sense A. 2 compare relate adj. In use as noun after post-classical Latin relatum relate n.; compare earlier relatum n., relate n. A. adj. †1. That has been narrated or recounted; (also) referred to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > [adjective] > narrated recited1534 repeated1545 related1603 retailed1607 stated1633 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 38 Wee heere dispatch [you]..giuing to you no further personall power To businesse with the King, Then those related [1604 delated, 1623 dilated] articles do shew. 1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) v. § 4. 191 These twentie places..they may easily commit..to memorie, therefore I will remit this labour to the related authour. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads x. 291 Base Dolon..neuer turnd to harme The Greeks, with their related drifts. 1670 I. Tonge Let. 6 June in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1970) VII. 23 I repaired to the place of the related combat. 1703 L. Smith Evid. Things not Seen (ed. 2) 168 There are indeed Multitudes of such related Stories as those appertaining to Apparitions. 1794 Caroline de Montmorenci 65 Who troubles himself to trace the origin of a related tale, if the person on whom 'tis founded is a stranger? 2. a. Connected or having relation to something else. (a) In predicative use with to or with. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > [adjective] > related or connected fastOE of kin1486 akin1548 alliant1551 consortinga1592 kin1600 conjugate1605 consanguineousa1616 social1620 related1623 relatea1627 connex1653 cognate1655 agnate1686 contiguous1770 connected1789 allied1794 adjoining1869 1623 ‘A. C.’ Answer to Fisher Catched in Owne Net ii. 27 If this proposition be considered (as it must be) as related to the first Question, and the end thereof; I further adde, That it is not pertinent to that end. 1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋239 Cauteries or permanent wounds are thought to be..related to it. 1747 E. M. da Costa in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 398 A shell related to the Nautilus kind. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 564/2 The Swedish [language] is more nearly related to the Icelandic than either the Danish or Norwegian. 1828 T. Carlyle Goethe in Foreign Rev. 2 89 These two classes of works stand curiously related with each other. 1846 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces 47 Electricity and magnetism are quantitatively related to them. 1927 Jrnl. Negro Hist. 12 355 Fundamental problems related to the significance of race as a factor in the development of civilization. 1968 R. Rasmont in M. Florkin & B. T. Scheer Chem. Zool. II. i. vi. 65 No structure, either cellular or subcellular, has ever been proved to be related with osmoregulation. 2007 Independent 13 Nov. 20/2 Many Holocaust survivors now live in Israel, struggling with mental health problems and physical handicaps related to their ordeals. (b) In attributive use. ΚΠ 1675 R. Baxter More Proofs Infants Church-membership i. 35 To be a Member is to be a Part: It is therefore as the member of a Family, School, Kingdom, a related part! a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) 33 The same Author treating..of a nearly related Species of Star-Stone.., tells us [etc.]. 1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic x. 336 Of the countless Relations thus brought to our notice, many are essential to an adequate knowledge of the related object. 1887 J. D. Dana Man. Min. & Petrogr. (ed. 4) iv. iii. 290 Aspidolite is a related mica. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 515/1 A related substance, haemocyanin..occurs in the blood of cephalopods and crayfish. 1950 D. B. Lucas & S. H. Britt Advertising Psychol. & Res. ii. v. 107 Lists of human wants and related advertising appeals are included in this chapter mainly for the purpose of illustrating the theory of motivation. 1988 Early Music 16 549 A related question is that of the stringed instrument for which the lowest part of the orchestral works was intended. 2001 I. McEwan Atonement 146 A garrulous woman who liked to chat about eggs and related matters. b. Of two or more things: having mutual relation, mutually connected. Chiefly in predicative use. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > correlation > [adjective] > mutual or reciprocal evena1425 interchangeablec1450 relativea1500 reciprocativea1504 mutual1513 reciproque?1533 reciprocous1567 requiteda1586 intermutual1595 alternate1600 commutual1604 vicissitudinary1629 reciprocal1632 reflexivea1635 reciprocated1663 related1671 mutuous1683 turn about1802 interdependent1817 interrelated1827 reciprocating1827 reciprocate1833 transmutuala1834 reflective1839 interpendent1855 interradiating1858 two-way1950 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 786 Let weakness then with weakness come to parl So near related, or the same of kind. View more context for this quotation 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxv. 151 The Ideas of Relation, may be the same in Men, who have far different Ideas of the Things that are related. 1710 G. Ollyffe Christian Alarm 11 Whatsoever difference there may be in the Members, as to their Use and Excellency, yet still they are so nearly related, as to belong to one Body. 1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful iii. §17. 103 The beauty both of shape and colouring are as nearly related, as we can well suppose it possible. 1843 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic I. i. iii. §10 Whenever two things are said to be related there is some fact or series of facts into which they both enter. 1889 H. Parry in Grove Dict. Music IV. 141/1 Even chords belonging to closely related keys are commonly used [etc.]. 1905 Amer. Anthropologist 7 216 A comparison of the two languages, the Achomawi and the Atsugewi, with the Shasta and its dialects, shows clearly that the three are related. 1989 Accountancy May 168/2 Two or more parties are considered to be related parties when for all or part of the financial period..one party is able to exercise either direct or indirect control, or significant influence, over the other party. 1992 C. P. Estés Women who run with Wolves viii. 250 Addiction and ferality are related. c. As the second element in compounds formed with a noun, as alcohol-related, need-related, war-related, work-related, etc.: having a connection or relation (sometimes causal) to the thing specified.drug-, performance-, profit-, wage-related, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1937 Times 1 Mar. 9/2 The investigation began two years ago after the publication by Professor Haldane of the theory that haemophilia and colour blindness were sex-related. 1943 Amer. Biol. Teacher 5 135 Essential information on 114 war-related films. 1951 Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. 56 557/1 Needs could act as sensitizers, lowering the recognition thresholds for need-related stimuli. 1970 Jrnl. Health, Physical Educ. & Recreation Mar. 46/1 Team handball..is often confused with a popular squash-related sport also dubbed handball. 1987 D. F. Wallace Broom of Syst. 422 When I'm not working, I'd rather not do a work-related thing. 1996 F. Popcorn & L. Marigold Clicking ii. 286 Alcohol-related traffic deaths have dropped a third from what they were ten years ago. 2006 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 27 Jan. b5/1 The condition, a swelling of the lining of Long's brain, was caused by football-related ‘chronic traumatic encephalopathy’, also known as ‘punch-drunk syndrome’. 3. Connected by blood or marriage; belonging to the same family. Frequently with to or †unto. Chiefly in predicative use. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective] sibeOE ysibbeOE belengc1175 sibc1175 kinda1325 by-sybbec1440 evenkinc1450 of kin1486 sibbeda1500 akinc1515 kindred1530 allied1577 affined1586 cousin1590 kin1600 related1650 cognate1827 our1836 affinitative1855 relatival1899 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. xii. 247 Strange, that strangers..should so affectionately bemoan the death of a man no whit related unto them. 1662 K. Evans & S. Chevers Short Relation Cruel Sufferings 90 And he asked, if I were related to them as a Husband or Kinsman. 1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick Ded. sig. A4 It was no sooner known that I had the Honour to be Related to..Your Grace, but [etc.]. 1772 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) I. 319 He [sc. John the Baptist]..had no personal knowledge of Jesus, though they were related. 1837 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece IV. xxxiii. 299 A Persian of the highest rank, related to the royal family. 1862 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 504/1 Whitstable is as peculiar in its way as any of the Scottish fishing villages,and a great number of its inhabitants are related by marriage. 1903 P. W. Joyce Social Hist. Anc. Ireland I. v. 166 All the members of a sept were nearly related, and in later times bore the same surname. 1946 S. J. Perelman Keep it Crisp 68 Fox-nosed, sallow, closely related to God on his mother's side, Antennae has been by turns an insurance technician, reception clerk..and used-car salesman. 1989 H. Carpenter Brideshead Generation i. 9 ‘Howard’ was rather a handicap at Eton if one happened not to be related to the Duke of Norfolk. 2003 J. M. Alger & S. F. Alger Cat Culture iii. 80 Cats who were related to each other were given names with the same first letter. 4. Biology. Of two or more taxa or lineages: sharing a recent evolutionary ancestor. Of a taxon or lineage: having such a relation (to another). ΚΠ 1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species ii. 44 (heading) Many of the species of the larger genera resemble varieties in being very closely, but unequally, related to each other. 1887 Science 5 Aug. 71/2 It [sc. a propatagial muscle] occurs similarly developed in so distantly related groups as the parrots, the woodpeckers, and the acromyodian Passeres. 1934 C. C. Steele Introd. Plant Biochem. vi. xxi. 236 ‘Oil of thyme’, from Thymus vulgaris and related species, yields thymol and carvacrol..in varying amounts. 1990 P. C. Sereno in K. Carpenter & P. J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics (1992) i. 14 Unconformities, poorly exposed horizons, and unfossiliferous strata can create a morphologic gap between closely related taxa. 2010 New Yorker 29 Mar. 43/1 The fungus has acquired a scientific name, Geomyces destructans, and has been shown to be related to another fungus..which causes skin infections in humans. B. n. Logic. = relatum n. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > propositional relation > relate relate1582 relatum1647 related1697 1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica i. vii. 22 Relateds are said either to be Synonimous, or of the same Name; or Heteronymous, viz. of a diverse. 1701 tr. F. Burgersdijck Introd. Art Logick i. vii. 19 Relateds according to their Names are absolute things, which include or connote a Relation. 1893 F. H. Bradley Appearance & Reality ii. xxv. 445 A relation is unmeaning, unless both itself and the relateds are the adjectives of a whole. 1986 R. Champigny Sense, Antisense, Nonsense i. ii. 32 Relateds cannot be divorced from their relations with other relateds without modifications. Derivatives reˈlatedness n. the state, condition, or fact of being related or connected. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > relatedeness or connectedness relatedness1674 connectedness1697 cousinship1848 connectivity1893 1674 J. Howe Treat. Delighting in God i. 9 We are more principally to consider him, viz. rather relatively than absolutely; and that relatedness..as now anew setled in Christ. 1839 G. C. Haughton Prodromus 77 It clearly expresses the state of the things that we conceive to be related, that is, their related-state, or relatedness. 1895 Dublin Rev. Apr. 315 The process of amalgamation was favoured by relatedness of race and language. 1995 J. Shreeve Neandertal Enigma (1996) i. 4 Every living branch and twig of the human family tree had shot up from this ‘mitochondrial Eve’,..binding all humans in an intimate web of relatedness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1603
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