† reistern.

Forms: 1500s–1600s 1800s reister, 1500s–1700s reyster, 1600s reystres (plural).

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French reistre.

Etymology: Apparently < Middle French reistre member of German mercenary cavalry troops in French service, kind of cloak (although this is first attested later in both senses: 1560, earliest in manteau..à la reistre ; French reître ) < German Reiter reiter n.¹ Compare post-classical Latin reisterus (1577 in a British source).The insertion of s in Middle French is probably due to analogy with words with historical st , in which the s was no longer pronounced in Middle French, but was retained in spelling until the 16th cent.; compare e.g. Middle French maistre , French maître master n.¹, Middle French -astre , French -âtre -aster suffix. However, if so the retention (and apparently also the pronunciation) of this s in English is surprising.

Obsolete (historical in later use).

= reiter n.¹ reister cloak n. a type of full, knee-length cloak.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others

jousterc1330

knight1489

rutter1506

reister1521

reiter1556

ruiter1579

hargulater1581

lancer1590

lance1602

rutar1610

dragon1620

dragoon1622

right-hand man1626

dragooner1639

leaguerer1639

deli1667

Light Dragoon1700

uhlan1753

sabre1836

parachutist1837

sabreur1845

yellow leg1857

spahi1863

horse-marine1878

uhlaner1886

1521 in J. S. Brewer Lett. & Papers Reign Henry VIII (1867) (modernized text) III. 1556 For making eight reysters' coats of cloth of gold.

1565 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 408 Ane reister cloke.

1570 in A. I. Cameron Warrender Papers (1931) I. 84 It wilbe also guid to send ane hundreth or twa pistolitirs reisteris or Frenchemen armit on that sort.

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course xi. f. 117^v There is great reckoning made of the Albaneses of Greece..and of the Reisters of Germanie.

1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders 11 A Scot, who being pursued by certaine Reisters..leapt with his horse..into the Sea.

1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. iii. 102 The French King sent an Army..which consisted of nine hundred men at armes.., eight hundred Reystres [1653 Reysters] [etc.].

1741 J. Ozell tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Spanish Rhodomontades 208 Now M. de Guise, who was a Thorough Soldier, made the Other forget his Lesson, as also all his Reysters.

1847 A. Marsh-Caldwell Protestant Reformation in France I. ii. x. 405 The Admiral had met the Constable with 300 French lances, supported by 1,200 reisters.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	reister
释义	† reistern. Forms: 1500s–1600s 1800s reister, 1500s–1700s reyster, 1600s reystres (plural). Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French reistre. Etymology: Apparently < Middle French reistre member of German mercenary cavalry troops in French service, kind of cloak (although this is first attested later in both senses: 1560, earliest in manteau..à la reistre ; French reître ) < German Reiter reiter n.¹ Compare post-classical Latin reisterus (1577 in a British source).The insertion of s in Middle French is probably due to analogy with words with historical st , in which the s was no longer pronounced in Middle French, but was retained in spelling until the 16th cent.; compare e.g. Middle French maistre , French maître master n.¹, Middle French -astre , French -âtre -aster suffix. However, if so the retention (and apparently also the pronunciation) of this s in English is surprising. Obsolete (historical in later use). = reiter n.¹ reister cloak n. a type of full, knee-length cloak. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others jousterc1330 knight1489 rutter1506 reister1521 reiter1556 ruiter1579 hargulater1581 lancer1590 lance1602 rutar1610 dragon1620 dragoon1622 right-hand man1626 dragooner1639 leaguerer1639 deli1667 Light Dragoon1700 uhlan1753 sabre1836 parachutist1837 sabreur1845 yellow leg1857 spahi1863 horse-marine1878 uhlaner1886 1521 in J. S. Brewer Lett. & Papers Reign Henry VIII (1867) (modernized text) III. 1556 For making eight reysters' coats of cloth of gold. 1565 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 408 Ane reister cloke. 1570 in A. I. Cameron Warrender Papers (1931) I. 84 It wilbe also guid to send ane hundreth or twa pistolitirs reisteris or Frenchemen armit on that sort. 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course xi. f. 117^v There is great reckoning made of the Albaneses of Greece..and of the Reisters of Germanie. 1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders 11 A Scot, who being pursued by certaine Reisters..leapt with his horse..into the Sea. 1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. iii. 102 The French King sent an Army..which consisted of nine hundred men at armes.., eight hundred Reystres [1653 Reysters] [etc.]. 1741 J. Ozell tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Spanish Rhodomontades 208 Now M. de Guise, who was a Thorough Soldier, made the Other forget his Lesson, as also all his Reysters. 1847 A. Marsh-Caldwell Protestant Reformation in France I. ii. x. 405 The Admiral had met the Constable with 300 French lances, supported by 1,200 reisters. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1521
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