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单词 realty
释义

† realtyn.1

Forms:

α. Middle English realte, Middle English realtee, Middle English reaulte, 1600s realtie, 1600s realty; Scottish pre-1700 realte.

β. Middle English reaute, Middle English reautee, Middle English reiate, Middle English reute; Scottish pre-1700 reawte, pre-1700 rewate.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French realté, realtee.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French realté, reauté kingdom, royal dignity or power (both 12th cent. in Old French; in Anglo-Norman also realtee) < real real adj.1 + -té -ty suffix1. Compare rialty n., royalty n., and also regality n.1
Obsolete.
1.
a. Royalty; royal state, dignity, or power; (also) splendour, magnificence.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > [noun] > royal or princely authority
richeeOE
kingdomOE
richdomOE
crownc1175
principalityc1350
realtya1375
regala1375
majestyc1375
thronea1382
sceptre1382
principatec1384
sovereignty1387
regalya1393
diadema1400
regalty?a1400
rialtyc1400
royaltya1425
rialc1425
regalityc1450
rialnessc1450
sovereignityc1560
throneship1599
principatie1677
thronedom?1790
sceptredom1878
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [noun]
athelc885
highnesseOE
brightnessOE
thrumOE
worshipOE
highship?c1225
nobleyec1300
pridec1330
realtya1375
rialtya1375
greatnessc1384
nobletya1387
magnificencec1390
regalya1393
greatheada1400
hautesse1399
lordliness1440
celsitudec1450
excelsitudec1470
state1488
princeliness1545
kingliness1548
royalty1548
amplitudec1550
grandity1589
grandeur1600
glory1613
majesticalness1613
augusteity1615
grandezza1629
augustness1644
raisedness1645
celsity1656
splendidnessa1657
grandness1663
exaltedness1730
halo1813
queenliness1831
aureole1852
magnateship1916
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 5006 (MED) Alle þe clerkes vnder god couþe nouȝt descriue..þe realte of þat day.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 2063 Oure king hath do this thing amis So to abesse his realte.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. x. 335 Kynghod ne knyȝthod..Helpeþ nouȝt to heueneward..ne reaute of lordes.
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 134 Now will I speke of sum of þe principall iles of Prestre Iohn land, and of þe realtee of his state.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 151 (MED) Moche is to dyspice the heynysse of the worlde, the realte of the Emperie, and þe honoure of richesse.
a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) viii. l. 7027 [She] prayid hym [sc. the King] off his realte [a1500 Nero ryolte], Off lauche that scho mycht serwyd be.
1625 T. Jackson Treat. Originall of Vnbeliefe xxviii. 279 The Romish Church in her publicke Liturgie, doth often giue the realtie of Christs soveraigne titles, sometimes the very titles themselues vnto Saints.
1694 J. Tyrrell Bibliotheca Politica xii. 875 There have been great doubts and suspitions of the Realty of this Prince of Wales.
b. Scottish. An honorific title. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty
sire?c1225
His (also Her) Majestya1387
realty1400
rialnessc1450
R1466
royalty1543
Royal Highness1555
M1581
Ma.1584
majestyship1594
serenissimo1665
1400 in F. C. Hingeston Royal & Hist. Lett. Reign Henry IV (1860) I. 23 (MED) Likit yhour Realte to wit that I am gretly wrangit be the Duc of Rothesay.
2. Chiefly Scottish.
a. A kingdom, a realm.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction or territory of specific rulers or nobles > [noun] > of king or royal ruler
richeeOE
worldricheeOE
kindomeOE
kinrikeOE
kingriklOE
kine-erdc1275
kine-landc1275
kine-thedec1275
reigna1300
kine-earthc1300
realmc1300
kingdoma1325
kinglanda1325
regionc1330
ligeancec1380
regneec1380
realtya1387
royalme1389
kingheada1393
regalty?a1400
rialmec1400
monarchy?a1425
rialtya1425
regaly?a1439
regality1486
richdom?1505
state1539
kingdomshipa1549
sceptre-rule1611
royalty1638
kingship1700
raj1781
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 117 [Nabugodonosor] regnede in Babilon ten ȝere. He putte moche more to his fader realte [a1425 Harl. 1900 rialte; ?a1475 anon. tr. regaly; L. regalibus].
1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 3587 The realte of Rome be many a myle Was augmented be him.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 593 Thidder somownys he in hy The barownys of his reawte.
a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) viii. 62 Na thare consent,..Prejwdycyale suld [noucht] be Till off Scotland the realte.
1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. ix. xxii. 1537 In the Realtie of Manica grow little Trees on the tops of Hills and Rocks.
b. A town or district under the immediate jurisdiction of the king.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction of or areas under specific authorities > [noun] > jurisdiction granted by king > area subject to > a particular
regal1381
regality1397
realty1438
regaly1467
regality of Hexham1515
1438 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1438/12/1 Vyth help and supple of the lordis of the realteys geyff neyd be.
1517–18 in R. K. Hannay Acts Lord Council Public Affairs (1932) 111 Als wele of regaliteis as realteis.
1553 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 210 Gentillmen..baith to burgh and lande, regalite and realte, to meit my lorde.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

realtyn.2

Brit. /ˈrɪəlti/, U.S. /ˈri(ə)lti/
Forms: late Middle English realte, 1500s– realty, 1600s realtie.
Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly formed within English, by derivation. Probably partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: real adj.2, -ty suffix1; French realté.
Etymology: Probably partly < real adj.2 + -ty suffix1, and partly < Anglo-Norman and Middle French realté, realtie real property, right to land (14th cent.), fact, actuality (15th cent.) < real real adj.2 + -té -ty suffix1. Compare reality n.
1.
a. The quality of being real, reality; real existence. Cf. reality n. 1, 2a. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > reality or real existence or actuality > [noun]
truthc1330
acta1398
in existencea1425
realty1440
veritya1634
reality1647
actualness1668
actuality1675
thinghood1845
factual1855
out there1955
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > [noun] > reality
truth1395
realty1440
reality1545
veriness1574
realness1612
fidelity1708
authenticity1839
intuitiveness1841
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 424 Realte, realitas.
a1556 T. Cranmer Aunswere vnto Craftie & Sophisticall Cauillation (1580) ii. 286 As really and in deede the change is in the substance of bread as in the soule of man, both these changes be meruaylous, and both be in the truth of there change, wherunto they be changed of like truth and realty.
1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. (1629) 99 The man [leads into Error] through realty, or opinion of learning, or sanctity, or both.
1644 J. Maxwell Sacro-sancta Regum Majestas 47 He is King of kings..truly so, kings upon earth are onely such..more in resemblance, than realtie.
1689 A. Behn Lucky Mistake sig. A4 'Tis not Translation but an Original, that has more of realty then fiction.
1713 S. Parker tr. St. Athanasius Four Orations against Arians I. i. 75 There cannot be that Physical Realty and Truth which belongs only to the Divine Nature, where there is any Principle or Possibilty of Change and Alteration.
1795 N. Perkins 24 Disc. iii. 77 To pretend to any light or guide superior in us, is to renounce it, in truth or in realty.
1955 Systematic Zool. 4 182/1 There is..little reason to doubt the realty of appreciable phenotypic variation among populations.
2002 M. J. Sirgy Psychol. of Quality of Life xi. 168 We have to be ready to change our goals to reflect the realty of our changing circumstances.
b. As a count noun: something that is real; a reality. Cf. reality n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > reality or real existence or actuality > [noun] > a reality or a real thing or state of things
visagec1374
fact?1560
actuality1587
reality1613
real1615
realty1616
fact of lifea1806
ground truth1833
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > [noun] > reality > as actually existing > instance of
reality1613
realty1616
positive1620
1616 J. Cotta Triall Witch-craft vi. 36 By the way of answere vnto the former doubt, concerning Pythagoras his supposed realty of being at once in two places, wee haue hitherto onely digressed.
1647 H. More Philos. Poems i. ii. xii We may see The nearly couching of each Realtie.
1716 T. Allen Pract. Holy Life 280 These are not Shadows, but Realties.
1797 H. A. Freeman tr. L. S. Mercier Astræa's Return xxviii. 134 His dreams are now become realties.
1858 J. A. James Widow Introd. v The past dispensations of Providence have made him familiar with the realties of bereavement.
1944 Music Educators Jrnl. 31 31/2 We listen to the highly emotional music progressions, and forget about the realties of life.
2003 B. S. Godfrey et al. Compar. Hist. Crime 196 Lodge's fictional depiction of the ‘modern conference’ is somewhat divorced from the actual realties of international conference attendance.
2.
†a. As a count noun: a right of possession; (also) an instance of possession by right. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > [noun]
rightc1275
rightc1440
jure1533
realty1567
justice1596
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > a piece of
realty1567
real1651
1567 R. Horne in T. Stapleton Counterblast (135. Diuision. pag 81. b.) iii. xxx. f. 340 A great many complaintes were put vp vnto the king by his nobles and officers, againste the Clergies vsurpation,..making synodall Decrees, and statutes, in medling with realties.
1618 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes ii. f. 120v If any man hath fished, hawked, or hunted within this Lordship..you must present them, for they are ye Lords Realties.
1639 G. Chapman & J. Shirley Trag. Chabot i. sig. B2v And that Kings doe no hazard infinitely In their free realties of rights and honours Where they leave much for favourites powers to order.
b. Law. As a mass noun: real property (cf. real adj.2 7c); (now chiefly North American and South Asian) real estate. Frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property
unmoblec1400
unmovable1536
reality1581
immovable1588
realty1616
land1628
real estatea1642
fixed property1845
1616 J. Selden Notes R. de Hengham in R. Mulcaster tr. J. Fortescue De Laudibus Legum Angliæ 159 The law in the yeer books is cleer, that to any reall actions or sauoring of the realty, auncien demesne is a good plea.
a1683 W. Scroggs Pract. Courts-leet (1714) 109 In Action of Debt which concerns the Realty.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) In a Law-sense, Reality or Realty is oppos'd to Personalty.
1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. xxiv. 385 Our courts now regard a man's personalty in a light nearly, if not quite, equal to his realty.
1861 C. H. Pearson Early & Middle Ages Eng. 186 The realty of a man who died intestate, was divided equally among his sons.
1888 A. Randall-Diehl Two Thousand Words 175 Realty~man, a dealer in real estate.
1908 E. Wharton Hermit & Wild Woman 135 I chanced on a record of the transaction in the realty column of the morning paper.
1947 E. Hodgins Mr. Blandings builds his Dream House iii. 45 As a grizzled veteran of realty values, he would discuss his one time innocence with the real estate man.
1972 J. Gores Dead Skip (1973) xiv. 100 The tract home had been rented from the realty office by phone.
1998 Times of India 16 Oct. (Property Times section) 1/1 The way property prices took over and zoomed upwards in the last two decades..has left realty dealers worldwide gasping.
2020 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 17 Dec. Royal LePage released data earlier this month on recreational property prices across Canada. The realty firm found [etc.].
†3. Sincerity; honesty. Obsolete. Cf. reality n. 2c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > sincerity, freedom from deceit > [noun]
heartliness1435
singleness1526
fidelity1534
unfeignedness1535
sincereness1537
uprightness1541
integrity1548
entireness1549
sincerity1557
reality1616
realty1619
single-heartedness1642
plain-heartedness1647
single-mindedness1833
genuineness1841
1619 in S. R. Gardiner Lett. Relations Eng. & Germany (1865) 1st Ser. 170 He tould the Ambassador that he needed not doubt of his realty in observing such capitulations.
?1645 W. Penn Let. in G. Penn Memorials Sir W. Penn (1833) I. i. 146 The manifestation of my realty in the public service.
1663 Case Madam Mary Carlton 56 He uttered divers asseverations in confirmation of the realty of his intentions, and earnest desire of the Honour in making me his Wife.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 115 That such resemblance of the Highest Should yet remain, where faith and realtie Remain not. View more context for this quotation
1706 S. Daniell in Compl. Hist. Eng. I. 176/1 The King, to shew the Realty of his Intentions..caused the Earls Warren and Ferrers, with John Fitz-Jeffrey, to be sworn his Counsellors.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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