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单词 beothuk
释义

Beothukn.adj.

/ˈbeɪəθʊk/
Forms: Also † Bœothic, Boethic; Beothuck.
Etymology: < Beothuk beathook, recorded as their self-designation in 1819 by Rev. John Leigh (see J. Hewson, Beothuk Vocabularies, 1978, pp. 35, 44).
A. n.
1. (A member of) an Indian people of Newfoundland, said to be extinct by 1827.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern Canada > [noun]
mountainer1625
Montagnais1654
mountaineer1703
Cree1760
Mistassini1781
Muskego1785
Red Indian1796
Chipewyan1801
Beothuk1828
red man1842
Naskapi1849
1828 J. McGregor Hist. Maritime Colonies Brit. Amer. xvi. 206 The natives, now dwindled to a few families of Mic-macs, Mountaineers and Boethics (Red Indians) are not included.
1842 R. H. Bonnycastle Newfoundland II. xiv. 266 The bark of the spruce pine..was taken off, it being one of the customs of the Bœothics to use the inner bark as food.
1914 F. G. Speck Beothuk & Micmac 15 The fame of the Beothuk seems to have reached regions quite distant from Newfoundland in Indian times.
1915 J. P. Howley Beothucks 25 The poor Beothuck, armed only with his bow and arrow and spear, was no match for the fisherman with his deadly fire-arms.
1921 Contemp. Rev. Feb. 188 Our settlers in Newfoundland were killing out the harmless Beothuks.
1932 D. Jenness Indians of Canada xviii. 266 The Beothuk attempted to retaliate, but, armed only with bows and arrows, they could not withstand the combined attacks of white and Micmac, and the last known survivor died in captivity at St. Johns in 1829.
1968 J. M. Murray in A. Thomas Newfoundland Jrnl. x. 135 For the next sixty years succeeding governors tried to establish friendly relations between the settlers and the Beothucks.
1973 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 2 Dec. 14/1 The Beothuk, whose home was Newfoundland, are thought to be the first North American Indians to encounter the white man. Indeed, it is said that their use of red ochre on their bodies is what prompted the term, Red Indian.
2. The language of this people, perhaps of Algonquian affiliation.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Algonquian > Beothuk
Beothuk1856
1856 R. G. Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. 58 The Bethuck is the native language of Newfoundland.
1886 A. S. Gatschet in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 23 411 There is no f in Beothuk.
1979 I. Goddard in L. Campbell & M. Mithun Langs. Native Amer. 107 The only conclusion possible is that the comparisons between Beothuk and Algonquian are not yet on firm ground.
1982 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 27 ii. 175 If Beothuk is not Algonquian, what is it? It bears no greater resemblance to Eskimo or Iroquoian than it does to Algonquian, yet to say that it is an isolate just ignores the problem.
B. adj.
Of, pertaining to, or designating the Beothuks or their language.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern Canada > [adjective]
Cree1744
mountaineer1770
Naskapi1774
Chipewyan1801
Beothuk1842
Montagnais?1847
the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [adjective] > Algonquian languages
Shawnee1674
Cree1744
Potawatomi1789
Nipissing1793
Miami1804
Algic1827
Beothuk1842
Blackfoot1845
Yurok1851
Passamaquoddy1856
Plains Cree1860
Maliseet1863
Ojibwa1937
1842 R. H. Bonnycastle Newfoundland II. xiv. 264 In 1827, a society was formed in St. John's, called the Bœothic Society for the Civilization of the Native Savages.
1856 R. G. Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. 58 The collation of a Bethuck vocabulary enabled me to state that..it was Algonkin rather than aught else.
1885 A. S. Gatschet in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 22 411 We possess but few notices conveying graphic sketches of the appearance and daily life of the Beothuk Indians.
1932 D. Jenness Indians of Canada vii. 86 When the Beothuk Indians of Newfoundland moved out to the coast during the summer months they preferred to camp in small, sheltered bays that had freshwater streams at their heads and gravel or sandy beaches that offered good landing-places for the birch-bark canoes.
1968 J. M. Murray in A. Thomas Newfoundland Jrnl. x. 131 This description of Northern Newfoundland Indians almost certainly refers to Esquimos and not to the Beothuck Indians.
1971 E. R. Seary Place Names Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland ii. 19 Perhaps only three Beothuck names are to be found in the whole island.
1972 Evening Telegram (St. John's, Newfoundland) 23 June 8/6 Volunteers have been working for over two years to gather artifacts on Beothuck and Dorset Eskimo cultures.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.adj.1828
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