† benumbadj.

Forms: Middle English benomen, bynomen, benome, 1500s benombe.

Etymology: Originally benomen , Old English benumen , past participle of beniman ‘to deprive,’ in phrase ‘to be benome(n the power of one's hands, etc.,’ in which sense the simple word was subsequently used elliptically. After giving origin to benumb v. (see benumb v.), its place was taken by the past participle benumbed . See also benim v.

Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > [adjective] > rendered physically insensible

astonieda1375

benumba1400

numba1400

aclumsida1425

benumbed1547

numbed1553

astonished1576

astoned1578

brawned1582

soporiferous1599

cauterized1603

mortified1608

stupefied?1611

obtundeda1644

bedeaded1656

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 2 Altogether he is benome The power both of hand and fete.]

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 22829 Wemmed..on foot or honde..Crupel croked or bynomen.

1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. v. 122 Peple..lese her membris, and become half benomen.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 85/3 Theyr armes were bynomen and of no power.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 306/1 Benombe of ones lymbes, perclus.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 448/2 He is now benomme of his lymmes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

benumbv.

/bɪˈnʌm/

Forms: ? Middle English–1500s benome, 1500s benomme, 1500s–1700s benum, benumm(e, 1600s–1700s benumn, 1500s– benumb.

Etymology: A verb of late origination, < benumb adj.; compare for sense to lame, etc., for formation to astound. Benumb is a bad spelling of benum, after dumb, limb, etc.

1. transitive. To make (any part of the body) insensible, torpid, or powerless; occasionally to stupefy or stun, as by a blow or shock; but now mostly used of the effects of cold.

ΘΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > render physically insensible [verb (transitive)]

astone1340

dead1382

stony1382

dazea1400

astonish1530

benumb1530

mortifya1533

numb1561

dozen1576

pave1635

deaden1684

torpedoa1772

torpefy1808

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > render physically insensible [verb (transitive)] > by cold

acumblea1325

cumberc1325

cumblea1425

foundedc1450

benumb1530

beclumpse1611

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > dull (the senses) [verb (transitive)] > stun

asweveOE

stonyc1330

astone1340

astony1340

stouna1400

stounda1400

stuna1400

stoynec1450

dozen1487

astonish1530

benumb1530

daunt1581

dammisha1598

still1778

silence1785

to knock, lay (out), etc., cold1829

to lay out1891

out1896

wooden1904

to knock rotten1919

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > make cold [verb (transitive)] > give sensation of cold to > numb with cold

acumblea1325

cumberc1325

daze1340

cumblea1425

foundedc1450

benumb1530

founder1562

beclumpse1611

chill1712

shram1787

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 448/2 I benomme, I make lame or take awaye the use of ones lymmes.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Aug. 4 Or hath the Crampe thy ioynts benomd with ache?

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 450 The tyle..brake his necke bone asunder: wherewith he was sodainly so benummed, that he lost his sight with the blow.

a1627 J. Beaumont Ode Blessed Trinitie in Bosworth-field (1629) 65 No cold shall thee benumme, Nor darknesse taint thy sight.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. ii. 6 The Organs of Sense being now benummed.

1706 J. Addison Rosamond ii. vi, in Wks. (1726) I. 122 The sleep of death benumbs all o'er My fainting limbs.

1861 R. Swinhoe Narr. N. China Campaign 1860 370 The excessive cold benumbs all kinds of game.

2. To render (the mental powers, the will, or the feelings) senseless or inert; to stupefy, deaden.

ΘΠ

the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > make emotionally unfeeling [verb (transitive)] > deaden or dull the emotions

stupefy?a1425

dullc1440

benumbc1485

slumber?1533

extinguish1540

extinct1542

numb1561

damp1570

hebetate1574

daunt1581

frostbite1593

hebete1597

blunt1600

unedgea1625

engross1626

astonish1635

consopite1647

bate1649

opiate1650

blura1653

hebescate1657

torpefy1808

dozena1810

dullify1838

hebetize1845

chloroform1849

narcotize1852

sodden1863

vastate1892

c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 374 It rauysshid hym, and his spirites did be-nome.

1563 W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Somerset ix Did ever madnes man so much benomme.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. iii. sig. P8^v Mopsa was benummed with ioy when the Princesse gaue it her.

1665 J. Glanvill Scepsis Scientifica xxiv. 147 There are few but find that some Companies benumn and cramp them.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. liii. 303 A lethargy of servitude had benumbed the minds of the Greeks.

1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV xix. 12 Some feelings Time can not benumb.

absolute.1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 74 If the sleepy drench Of that forgetful Lake benumme not still.

3. figurative. To paralyze.

ΘΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > make inactive [verb (transitive)]

unactive1639

stun1700

unmechanize1761

paralyse1764

hang1778

benumb1789

inactivate1901

disable1932

stultify1958

deactivate1970

1789 T. Jefferson Wks. (1859) II. 589 The accident in England has benumbed her mediation between the Swedes and Danes.

1825 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. I. 78 To benumb the action of the Federal government.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	benumb
释义	† benumbadj. Forms: Middle English benomen, bynomen, benome, 1500s benombe. Etymology: Originally benomen , Old English benumen , past participle of beniman ‘to deprive,’ in phrase ‘to be benome(n the power of one's hands, etc.,’ in which sense the simple word was subsequently used elliptically. After giving origin to benumb v. (see benumb v.), its place was taken by the past participle benumbed . See also benim v. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > [adjective] > rendered physically insensible astonieda1375 benumba1400 numba1400 aclumsida1425 benumbed1547 numbed1553 astonished1576 astoned1578 brawned1582 soporiferous1599 cauterized1603 mortified1608 stupefied?1611 obtundeda1644 bedeaded1656 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 2 Altogether he is benome The power both of hand and fete.] a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 22829 Wemmed..on foot or honde..Crupel croked or bynomen. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. v. 122 Peple..lese her membris, and become half benomen. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 85/3 Theyr armes were bynomen and of no power. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 306/1 Benombe of ones lymbes, perclus. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 448/2 He is now benomme of his lymmes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021). benumbv. /bɪˈnʌm/ Forms: ? Middle English–1500s benome, 1500s benomme, 1500s–1700s benum, benumm(e, 1600s–1700s benumn, 1500s– benumb. Etymology: A verb of late origination, < benumb adj.; compare for sense to lame, etc., for formation to astound. Benumb is a bad spelling of benum, after dumb, limb, etc. 1. transitive. To make (any part of the body) insensible, torpid, or powerless; occasionally to stupefy or stun, as by a blow or shock; but now mostly used of the effects of cold. ΘΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > render physically insensible [verb (transitive)] astone1340 dead1382 stony1382 dazea1400 astonish1530 benumb1530 mortifya1533 numb1561 dozen1576 pave1635 deaden1684 torpedoa1772 torpefy1808 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > render physically insensible [verb (transitive)] > by cold acumblea1325 cumberc1325 cumblea1425 foundedc1450 benumb1530 beclumpse1611 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > dull (the senses) [verb (transitive)] > stun asweveOE stonyc1330 astone1340 astony1340 stouna1400 stounda1400 stuna1400 stoynec1450 dozen1487 astonish1530 benumb1530 daunt1581 dammisha1598 still1778 silence1785 to knock, lay (out), etc., cold1829 to lay out1891 out1896 wooden1904 to knock rotten1919 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > make cold [verb (transitive)] > give sensation of cold to > numb with cold acumblea1325 cumberc1325 daze1340 cumblea1425 foundedc1450 benumb1530 founder1562 beclumpse1611 chill1712 shram1787 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 448/2 I benomme, I make lame or take awaye the use of ones lymmes. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Aug. 4 Or hath the Crampe thy ioynts benomd with ache? 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 450 The tyle..brake his necke bone asunder: wherewith he was sodainly so benummed, that he lost his sight with the blow. a1627 J. Beaumont Ode Blessed Trinitie in Bosworth-field (1629) 65 No cold shall thee benumme, Nor darknesse taint thy sight. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. ii. 6 The Organs of Sense being now benummed. 1706 J. Addison Rosamond ii. vi, in Wks. (1726) I. 122 The sleep of death benumbs all o'er My fainting limbs. 1861 R. Swinhoe Narr. N. China Campaign 1860 370 The excessive cold benumbs all kinds of game. 2. To render (the mental powers, the will, or the feelings) senseless or inert; to stupefy, deaden. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > make emotionally unfeeling [verb (transitive)] > deaden or dull the emotions stupefy?a1425 dullc1440 benumbc1485 slumber?1533 extinguish1540 extinct1542 numb1561 damp1570 hebetate1574 daunt1581 frostbite1593 hebete1597 blunt1600 unedgea1625 engross1626 astonish1635 consopite1647 bate1649 opiate1650 blura1653 hebescate1657 torpefy1808 dozena1810 dullify1838 hebetize1845 chloroform1849 narcotize1852 sodden1863 vastate1892 c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 374 It rauysshid hym, and his spirites did be-nome. 1563 W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Somerset ix Did ever madnes man so much benomme. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. iii. sig. P8^v Mopsa was benummed with ioy when the Princesse gaue it her. 1665 J. Glanvill Scepsis Scientifica xxiv. 147 There are few but find that some Companies benumn and cramp them. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. liii. 303 A lethargy of servitude had benumbed the minds of the Greeks. 1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV xix. 12 Some feelings Time can not benumb. absolute.1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 74 If the sleepy drench Of that forgetful Lake benumme not still. View more context for this quotation 3. figurative. To paralyze. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > make inactive [verb (transitive)] unactive1639 stun1700 unmechanize1761 paralyse1764 hang1778 benumb1789 inactivate1901 disable1932 stultify1958 deactivate1970 1789 T. Jefferson Wks. (1859) II. 589 The accident in England has benumbed her mediation between the Swedes and Danes. 1825 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. I. 78 To benumb the action of the Federal government. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.a1400v.c1485
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