Raoult's lawn.

Brit.

/ˈraʊuːlts ˌlɔː/,

/rɑːˈuːlts lɔː/,

/ˈraʊuːlz ˌlɔː/,

/rɑːˈuːlz lɔː/, U.S.

/rɑˈults ˌlɔ/,

/rɑˈults ˌlɑ/,

/rɑˈulz ˌlɔ/,

/rɑˈulz ˌlɑ/

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Raoult , law n.¹

Etymology: < the genitive of the name of François-Marie Raoult (1830–1901), French physical chemist + law n.¹ Compare German Raoult'sche Regel , Raoult's Regel (1890 in the text translated in quot. 1892, or earlier).

Physical Chemistry.

Either of two related laws about solutions: (a) a law stating that the freezing point and boiling point of an ideal solution are respectively depressed and elevated relative to that of the pure solvent by an amount proportional to the mole fraction of solute (now rare); (b) a law stating that the vapour pressure of a component of an ideal solution or liquid mixture is equal to the product of the vapour pressure of the pure component and its mole fraction in the solution or mixture, and that the total vapour pressure of the solution or mixture is equal to the sum of these products for each component.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > [noun] > laws and rules

Raoult's law1886

Le Chatelier1910

Onsager's principle1945

1886 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 132 447 In general the authors consider Raoult's law to be exact, and regard it of great value in fixing molecular weights.

1892 P. P. Bedson & W. C. Williams tr. L. Meyer Outl. Theoret. Chem. 137 The molecular weights of other bodies..can be determined by aid of Raoult's Law in the following manner.

1899 R. A. Lehfeldt Text-bk. Physical Chem. vi. 269 This result is included in Raoult's law of the lowering of vapour pressure.

1906 R. E. W. Sommer Textbk. Inorg. Chem. vii. 103 Raoult's law states that the depression of the freezing point of a solvent brought about by dissolving a gram-molecule of any substance in 100 grams of it is the same in every instance for the same solvent.

1950 W. J. Moore Physical Chem. vi. 133 An example exhibiting a positive deviation from Raoult's Law is the system carbon bisulphide-methylal, whose vapor-pressure-composition diagram is shown.

1977 J. W. Moncrief & W. H. Jones Elem. Physical Chem. xvii. 379 An ideal binary solution is defined as one in which both components obey Raoult's law over the entire concentration range.

2001 Functional Ecol. 15 648/2 The air in this small closed system rapidly equilibrates with the salt solution (following Raoult's law).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	raoults law
释义	Raoult's lawn. Brit. /ˈraʊuːlts ˌlɔː/, /rɑːˈuːlts lɔː/, /ˈraʊuːlz ˌlɔː/, /rɑːˈuːlz lɔː/, U.S. /rɑˈults ˌlɔ/, /rɑˈults ˌlɑ/, /rɑˈulz ˌlɔ/, /rɑˈulz ˌlɑ/ Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Raoult , law n.¹ Etymology: < the genitive of the name of François-Marie Raoult (1830–1901), French physical chemist + law n.¹ Compare German Raoult'sche Regel , Raoult's Regel (1890 in the text translated in quot. 1892, or earlier). Physical Chemistry. Either of two related laws about solutions: (a) a law stating that the freezing point and boiling point of an ideal solution are respectively depressed and elevated relative to that of the pure solvent by an amount proportional to the mole fraction of solute (now rare); (b) a law stating that the vapour pressure of a component of an ideal solution or liquid mixture is equal to the product of the vapour pressure of the pure component and its mole fraction in the solution or mixture, and that the total vapour pressure of the solution or mixture is equal to the sum of these products for each component. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > [noun] > laws and rules Raoult's law1886 Le Chatelier1910 Onsager's principle1945 1886 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 132 447 In general the authors consider Raoult's law to be exact, and regard it of great value in fixing molecular weights. 1892 P. P. Bedson & W. C. Williams tr. L. Meyer Outl. Theoret. Chem. 137 The molecular weights of other bodies..can be determined by aid of Raoult's Law in the following manner. 1899 R. A. Lehfeldt Text-bk. Physical Chem. vi. 269 This result is included in Raoult's law of the lowering of vapour pressure. 1906 R. E. W. Sommer Textbk. Inorg. Chem. vii. 103 Raoult's law states that the depression of the freezing point of a solvent brought about by dissolving a gram-molecule of any substance in 100 grams of it is the same in every instance for the same solvent. 1950 W. J. Moore Physical Chem. vi. 133 An example exhibiting a positive deviation from Raoult's Law is the system carbon bisulphide-methylal, whose vapor-pressure-composition diagram is shown. 1977 J. W. Moncrief & W. H. Jones Elem. Physical Chem. xvii. 379 An ideal binary solution is defined as one in which both components obey Raoult's law over the entire concentration range. 2001 Functional Ecol. 15 648/2 The air in this small closed system rapidly equilibrates with the salt solution (following Raoult's law). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1886
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