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单词 pyrus
释义

pyrusn.

Brit. /ˈpʌɪrəs/, /ˈpɪrəs/, U.S. /ˈpaɪrəs/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pyrus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin pyrus (c400; variant of classical Latin pirus pear tree, related to pirum pear: see pear n. and etymological note at that entry), later adopted in scientific Latin as genus name Pyrus (compare note at definition).
Originally: a pear tree. Later: (in form Pyrus) a genus of small fruit trees and shrubs of the family Rosaceae, now restricted to those with grit or stone cells in the fruit, including the common pear, Pyrus communis, and related ornamental kinds; also (in form pyrus) a tree or shrub of this genus or formerly included in it.The genus formerly also included many trees and shrubs now placed in other genera, as apples (genus Malus), rowans, whitebeams, and service trees (genus Sorbus), and quinces (genus Cydonia).Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Species Plantarum (1753) II. 479, after earlier use by R. Dodoens Stirpium Historiæ (1583) 787.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > pear-tree
perryOE
pear tree1230
pearc1390
perer?a1425
warden-tree?1523
orchard pear tree1562
pyrus1567
willow-leaved pear1820
nashi1892
1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 56 The Peare tree..is called Pyrus, for that it is in his fashion and kinde of growth, Piramidall or firelike.
1728 R. Bradley Dict. Botanicum Pyrus, in English, The Pear-Tree, is one of our fine Garden Fruits, and affords us more variety than any other.
1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2614/1 Pyrus, the pear-tree, in botany, a genus of the icosandria-pentagynia class of plants... Under this genus is comprehended the apple and the quince-tree.
1849 H. D. Thoreau Week Concord & Merrimack Rivers 92 The shad make their appearance early in May, at the same time with the blossoms of the pyrus, one of the most conspicuous early flowers.
1894 Daily News 26 Mar. 4/7 Garden borders, bright with belts of daffodil, with sheets of crocus white and blue, with scarlet pyrus all ablaze against the whitewashed wall.
1901 Cycl. Amer. Hort.: N–Q 1469/2 Although Pyrus and Malus are very closely related botanically, they hold their distinctions with much persistency and do not interhybridize. Many writers prefer to keep the genera distinct.
1930 F. K. Ward Plant Hunting on Edge of World vi. 120 As for the Pyrus, its numerous clusters of reddened berries presently turned snow white.
1974 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 22 Dec. b8/1 Crabapples are descendants of another pyrus, namely Pyrus baccata which is known as Siberian Crab.
2003 Oxoniensia 67 170 Rosaceae. Subfamilies: Pomoideae which includes Crataegus spp., hawthorn; Malus sp., apple; Pyrus sp., pear; Sorbus spp., rowan, service tree and whitebeam.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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