pyritesn.

Brit.

/pʌɪˈrʌɪtiːz/,

/pᵻˈrʌɪtiːz/, U.S.

/pəˈraɪdiz/,

/paɪˈraɪdiz/

Forms: Old English piriten, Middle English perides, 1500s pirites, 1500s pirrites, 1500s pyretes, 1500s–1700s pyritis, 1500s– pyrites, 1600s–1700s pyritae (plural).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pyrītēs.

Etymology: < classical Latin pyrītēs fire-stone, pyrites (Pliny) < Hellenistic Greek πυρίτης fire-stone, pyrites, use as noun (short for πυρίτης λίθος fire-stone) of πυρίτης of or in fire < ancient Greek πῦρ fire (see pyro- comb. form) + -ίτης -ite suffix¹. Compare Anglo-Norman pyrites and Old French pirites (early 12th cent.; French †pyrites, with singular agreement (1684 or earlier, rare)).In form piriten after the Latin accusative singular.

†1. A stone or mineral that can be used for striking fire. Cf. pyrite n. 1. Obsolete.Formerly the subject of mythical statements. Not always distinguishable from sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > flint or steel

flinta700

firestoneeOE

pyritesOE

steelc1220

fire ironc1300

pyrite stonec1475

fire striker1483

furisonc1540

fusil1580

fire steel1585

flintstone1585

tindern iron1586

marcasite1682

briquet1823

fleerish1825

strike-a-light1870

OE Lapidary 14 [S]um stan is on persa rice; gif þu hine mid handa ahrinest, he birneð sona. Se stan is haten piriten.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 204 Perides [L. Pirites] is a rede bright stoon yliche to þe qualite of þe ayer; moche fuyre is þerInne and ofte sparkeles comeþ out þer of, and þis ston brenneþ his hond þat holdeþ him right fast; þerfore he haþ þat name of pir, þat is, fyre.

1562 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli 3rd Pt. Secretes Alexis of Piemont f. 17^v (margin) Pyrites, euery stone of the which there maye fyer be stroken.

a1592 R. Greene Alcida (1617) sig. D4 As the stone Pyrites once set on fire burneth in the water.

1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xxi. v. 843 The Persian..Pyrites pressed hard in the hand, burneth it, wherevpon it hath the name.

1671 J. Webster Metallographia vi. 102 Many sorts of fire-stones, or pyritæ; which rubbed hard or smitten together forcibly, do not onely give sparks of fire, but smell most strongly of Brimstone.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Pyritis, a precious Stone, which burns the Fingers, if one holds it hard.

1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 220 In a large Sense, all Stones that strike Fire may be called Pyrites.

1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 75 Pyrites is a name antiently given to any Metallic compound that gave fire with steel exhaling at the same time, a Sulphureous or Arsenical smell.

2. Mineralogy. Either of the two common forms of iron disulphide, FeS₂, pyrite and marcasite, both of which form crystals with a brassy metallic lustre (also iron pyrites); fool's gold. Also (usually with distinguishing word): any of various other metal sulphides and arsenides. Cf. pyrite n. 2.arsenical, copper, white iron pyrites, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > pyrite group

pyrites1567

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > marcasite or related minerals

marcasite?c1425

pyrites1567

marcasin1601

Jew's stone1617

copperas-stone1640

brass lump1675

spear pyrites1837

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > sphalenite group > copper iron sulphide

pyrites1567

yellow ore1630

podar1778

magnetic pyrites1809

bornite1811

towanite1852

peacock copper1858

peacock ore1858

homichlin1859

horseflesh ore1868

talnakhite1969

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > pyrite group > pyrite

firestone1440

pyrites1567

mundic1662

maxy1671

pyrite1741

magistral1824

fool's gold1828

brass1829

1543 B. Traheron Interpr. Straunge Wordes in tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. sig. &&.ii^v Marchasita is a stone wherwyth brasse is tryed out. It is lyke brasse, & when it is strycken, sparkes of fyre flye out, & therfore it is called, pyrites in greke.]

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 17^v Pirrites is a kinde of stone, yealow, like to the fire his flame.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 588 There is another fire stone going under the name of Pyrites or Marcasin [Fr. marcassin; L. pyrites], which resembleth brasse ore in the mine.

1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 518 Wherever the Pyrites is mentioned by the Antients, it is always to be understood of the Copper Pyrites; they scarce having had any knowledge of the Iron Pyrites.

1748 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. I. 615 The most common of all the species of striated Pyritæ.

c1794–1810 B. Waterhouse Let. in J. J. Abraham Lettsom (1933) xviii. 362 Then I showed them true gold and silver ores from your collection, and contrasted them with the worthless but glittering pyrites.

a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1822) IV. 484 Copperas was extracted in large quantities from Pyrites in Vermont, New-Jersey, and Tennessee.

1864 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 17 118 The flue-dust of Pyrites-burners.

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 128/2 By modern mineralogists the term ‘pyrites’ has been extended to a number of metallic sulphides, and it is..now used rather as a group-name than as the specific designation of a mineral.

1922 Gas Manuf., Distribution & Use (Brit. Commerc. Gas Assoc.) 141/2 The waves washing over the cliffs had caused the iron pyrites..to decompose and give out sufficient heat to ignite the shale.

1977 Time 4 Apr. 14/1 The project would include a pyrites processing plant.

1992 Watertown (N.Y.) Daily Times 20 Jan. 30/2 Common sense told him it was pyrites, the ‘fool's gold’ often found in the mountains.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pyrites
释义	pyritesn. Brit. /pʌɪˈrʌɪtiːz/, /pᵻˈrʌɪtiːz/, U.S. /pəˈraɪdiz/, /paɪˈraɪdiz/ Forms: Old English piriten, Middle English perides, 1500s pirites, 1500s pirrites, 1500s pyretes, 1500s–1700s pyritis, 1500s– pyrites, 1600s–1700s pyritae (plural). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pyrītēs. Etymology: < classical Latin pyrītēs fire-stone, pyrites (Pliny) < Hellenistic Greek πυρίτης fire-stone, pyrites, use as noun (short for πυρίτης λίθος fire-stone) of πυρίτης of or in fire < ancient Greek πῦρ fire (see pyro- comb. form) + -ίτης -ite suffix¹. Compare Anglo-Norman pyrites and Old French pirites (early 12th cent.; French †pyrites, with singular agreement (1684 or earlier, rare)).In form piriten after the Latin accusative singular. †1. A stone or mineral that can be used for striking fire. Cf. pyrite n. 1. Obsolete.Formerly the subject of mythical statements. Not always distinguishable from sense 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > flint or steel flinta700 firestoneeOE pyritesOE steelc1220 fire ironc1300 pyrite stonec1475 fire striker1483 furisonc1540 fusil1580 fire steel1585 flintstone1585 tindern iron1586 marcasite1682 briquet1823 fleerish1825 strike-a-light1870 OE Lapidary 14 [S]um stan is on persa rice; gif þu hine mid handa ahrinest, he birneð sona. Se stan is haten piriten. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 204 Perides [L. Pirites] is a rede bright stoon yliche to þe qualite of þe ayer; moche fuyre is þerInne and ofte sparkeles comeþ out þer of, and þis ston brenneþ his hond þat holdeþ him right fast; þerfore he haþ þat name of pir, þat is, fyre. 1562 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli 3rd Pt. Secretes Alexis of Piemont f. 17^v (margin) Pyrites, euery stone of the which there maye fyer be stroken. a1592 R. Greene Alcida (1617) sig. D4 As the stone Pyrites once set on fire burneth in the water. 1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xxi. v. 843 The Persian..Pyrites pressed hard in the hand, burneth it, wherevpon it hath the name. 1671 J. Webster Metallographia vi. 102 Many sorts of fire-stones, or pyritæ; which rubbed hard or smitten together forcibly, do not onely give sparks of fire, but smell most strongly of Brimstone. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Pyritis, a precious Stone, which burns the Fingers, if one holds it hard. 1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 220 In a large Sense, all Stones that strike Fire may be called Pyrites. 1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 75 Pyrites is a name antiently given to any Metallic compound that gave fire with steel exhaling at the same time, a Sulphureous or Arsenical smell. 2. Mineralogy. Either of the two common forms of iron disulphide, FeS₂, pyrite and marcasite, both of which form crystals with a brassy metallic lustre (also iron pyrites); fool's gold. Also (usually with distinguishing word): any of various other metal sulphides and arsenides. Cf. pyrite n. 2.arsenical, copper, white iron pyrites, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > pyrite group pyrites1567 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > marcasite or related minerals marcasite?c1425 pyrites1567 marcasin1601 Jew's stone1617 copperas-stone1640 brass lump1675 spear pyrites1837 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > sphalenite group > copper iron sulphide pyrites1567 yellow ore1630 podar1778 magnetic pyrites1809 bornite1811 towanite1852 peacock copper1858 peacock ore1858 homichlin1859 horseflesh ore1868 talnakhite1969 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > pyrite group > pyrite firestone1440 pyrites1567 mundic1662 maxy1671 pyrite1741 magistral1824 fool's gold1828 brass1829 1543 B. Traheron Interpr. Straunge Wordes in tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. sig. &&.ii^v Marchasita is a stone wherwyth brasse is tryed out. It is lyke brasse, & when it is strycken, sparkes of fyre flye out, & therfore it is called, pyrites in greke.] 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 17^v Pirrites is a kinde of stone, yealow, like to the fire his flame. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 588 There is another fire stone going under the name of Pyrites or Marcasin [Fr. marcassin; L. pyrites], which resembleth brasse ore in the mine. 1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 518 Wherever the Pyrites is mentioned by the Antients, it is always to be understood of the Copper Pyrites; they scarce having had any knowledge of the Iron Pyrites. 1748 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. I. 615 The most common of all the species of striated Pyritæ. c1794–1810 B. Waterhouse Let. in J. J. Abraham Lettsom (1933) xviii. 362 Then I showed them true gold and silver ores from your collection, and contrasted them with the worthless but glittering pyrites. a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1822) IV. 484 Copperas was extracted in large quantities from Pyrites in Vermont, New-Jersey, and Tennessee. 1864 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 17 118 The flue-dust of Pyrites-burners. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 128/2 By modern mineralogists the term ‘pyrites’ has been extended to a number of metallic sulphides, and it is..now used rather as a group-name than as the specific designation of a mineral. 1922 Gas Manuf., Distribution & Use (Brit. Commerc. Gas Assoc.) 141/2 The waves washing over the cliffs had caused the iron pyrites..to decompose and give out sufficient heat to ignite the shale. 1977 Time 4 Apr. 14/1 The project would include a pyrites processing plant. 1992 Watertown (N.Y.) Daily Times 20 Jan. 30/2 Common sense told him it was pyrites, the ‘fool's gold’ often found in the mountains. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OE
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