purpresturen.

Brit.

/pəːˈprɛstʃ(ʊ)ə/, U.S.

/pərˈprɛstʃər/

Forms:

α. Middle English purpresser, Middle English 1600s–1700s pourpresture, Middle English–1500s purprestour, Middle English– purpresture, 1600s purprestor; Scottish pre-1700 pourprestour, pre-1700 puireprestur, pre-1700 pureprestor, pre-1700 purprestour, pre-1700 purprestris (plural), pre-1700 purprestur, pre-1700 pvrprestvre, pre-1700 1700s– purpresture.

β. Middle English preposture, Middle English prespecture, Middle English purposture, 1500s prepestur, 1500s purpesture.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French purpresture, pourpresture.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman purpresture and Middle French (Normandy) pourpresture illegal enclosure of or encroachment on land or property belonging to another person or to the public (c1240 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), payment or rent due to a feudal superior for permission to enclose or build on land (1331 in Middle French), further etymology uncertain. Compare post-classical Latin porprestura , proprestura , purprestura encroachment (frequently 1086–1539 in British sources), enclosure (late 12th cent.), which occurs earliest in forms in pur- , suggesting that it is itself after the French word (and hence also implying earlier currency in French). The French word probably ultimately shows a remodelling (perhaps after prester to put (a thing) at a person's disposal: see prest v.¹) of Middle French (Tournai) pourprissure enclosure (1347; c1180 in Old French as porpresure in sense ‘place occupied by an object’; < porpris (see purprise n.) + -ure -ure suffix¹); compare also post-classical Latin purprisura, pourprisura enclosure (1195, 1293 in French sources; < Old French).The β. forms probably simply show transmission errors.

Law.

1. An illegal enclosure of or encroachment upon land or property belonging to another or (now only) to the public; an appropriation of land or property for private purposes.Purpresture often affects roads, public waterways, etc., or, esp. in the earlier period, royal, manorial, or common lands. In that period the offence was often not prosecuted but instead a rent was levied (cf. sense 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > specific offences > [noun] > illegal enclosure of land

purpresturea1325

purprise1448

purprision1448

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xxi. 80 Of purprestures ant of occupaciouns, anie imade ope þe lord kinge..te king sulde of plein nimen aȝen þe þing so ioccupied.

c1436 Domesday Ipswich (BL Add. 25011) in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1873) II. 131 (MED) Also the leete be holdyn in the forseid toun of Geppiswich..and the purprestures presentyd in the same toun shul ben redressed and amendyd be sighte of the ballyves.

?a1450 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 2 Ye shall enfourme us..of all pourprestures made upon land or watyr, or [perh. read as] reylyng up of dowles, streityng of the Kyng's hieth way, pitchyng or plankyng in the comon or in the comen way, to the noyance of the Kyngs people.

a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 30 Allso þat no man make noo purpresture ne stoppyng with trees ne stones ne with no othur filthe in the forseid Ryver up the peyn aforsaid.

1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 64 Purprestures, or incrochmentes on the high wayes, lanes, and common grounds, in and about this citie.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem ii. lxxiv. §1 Purpresture is, quhen ane man occupies vnjustlie anie thing against the King, as in the Kings domain..or in stoppin the Kings publick wayis, or passages, as in waters turned fra the richt course.

a1634 E. Coke Courts Forest lxxiii, in Fourth Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. (1648) 291 To be quit of asserts, and purprestures.

1754 J. Erskine Princ. Law Scotl. I. ii. v. 165 Purpresture draws likewise a forfeiture of the whole feu after it, and is incurred by the vassal's incroaching upon any part of his superiour's property.

1857 J. K. Angell & T. Durfee Treat. on Law of Highways i. vii. 21 A railway in a city is not per se a nuisance or a purpresture.

1879 E. Robertson in Encycl. Brit. IX. 409/2 The offence of ‘purpresture’..was an encroachment on the forest rights, by building a house within the forest, and it made no difference whether the land belonged to the builder or not.

1933 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 10 May 2/2 The commission also contended the breakwater is an illegal structure and a purpresture.

1961 V. Pearl London & Outbreak Puritan Revol. i. 22 Although this Charter settled the dispute concerning the City wastes and purprestures, it by no means reconciled the City to Charles' policy of compounding for houses built on new foundations.

2002 D. H. Cole Pollution & Prop. ii. 34 Purpresture is more like trespass than nuisance in that damages need not be proved but are presumed from the interference with existing property rights.

2. A payment or rent due to a feudal superior for permission to enclose or build on land. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for privilege > [noun] > of enclosing land or building

purpresture1435

1435 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 362 For ye quelk thre forsayd graundes, ye forsayd Robert Bercroft salle pay ȝerely to ye Comons of Notingham, summa iiij s. vj d...be cavse of ye purpresser yat is under ye same rent.

c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 29 (MED) I haue i-ȝefe..all my mede..in-to perpetuell almys, ffre and quite for all seruice and purpresture of here Gardeyne of Cudelynton.

c1503 tr. Charter of London in R. Arnold Chron. f. xiij^v/2 Of alle maner custumes vsagis and ymposicions and also prepresturs and other thingis what so they bee that fall with in the fraunches of the forsaid cite.

1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII c. 16 §1 The fermes of diuers purprestures, assertes, sergeantes, & minute rentes.

1604 in P. H. Reaney Penrith Gram. School (1915) 17 Rent paid..for Divers purprestures housess and lands.

1765 Act 5 Geo. III c. 26 Preamble Assarts, purprestures, chiminages, piscaries.

1963 G. A. Williams Medieval London vii. 214 The new men of the trades, those angry over tallage and purpresture or eager for political power,..found a banner and a cause.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	purpresture
释义	purpresturen. Brit. /pəːˈprɛstʃ(ʊ)ə/, U.S. /pərˈprɛstʃər/ Forms: α. Middle English purpresser, Middle English 1600s–1700s pourpresture, Middle English–1500s purprestour, Middle English– purpresture, 1600s purprestor; Scottish pre-1700 pourprestour, pre-1700 puireprestur, pre-1700 pureprestor, pre-1700 purprestour, pre-1700 purprestris (plural), pre-1700 purprestur, pre-1700 pvrprestvre, pre-1700 1700s– purpresture. β. Middle English preposture, Middle English prespecture, Middle English purposture, 1500s prepestur, 1500s purpesture. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French purpresture, pourpresture. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman purpresture and Middle French (Normandy) pourpresture illegal enclosure of or encroachment on land or property belonging to another person or to the public (c1240 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), payment or rent due to a feudal superior for permission to enclose or build on land (1331 in Middle French), further etymology uncertain. Compare post-classical Latin porprestura , proprestura , purprestura encroachment (frequently 1086–1539 in British sources), enclosure (late 12th cent.), which occurs earliest in forms in pur- , suggesting that it is itself after the French word (and hence also implying earlier currency in French). The French word probably ultimately shows a remodelling (perhaps after prester to put (a thing) at a person's disposal: see prest v.¹) of Middle French (Tournai) pourprissure enclosure (1347; c1180 in Old French as porpresure in sense ‘place occupied by an object’; < porpris (see purprise n.) + -ure -ure suffix¹); compare also post-classical Latin purprisura, pourprisura enclosure (1195, 1293 in French sources; < Old French).The β. forms probably simply show transmission errors. Law. 1. An illegal enclosure of or encroachment upon land or property belonging to another or (now only) to the public; an appropriation of land or property for private purposes.Purpresture often affects roads, public waterways, etc., or, esp. in the earlier period, royal, manorial, or common lands. In that period the offence was often not prosecuted but instead a rent was levied (cf. sense 2). ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > specific offences > [noun] > illegal enclosure of land purpresturea1325 purprise1448 purprision1448 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xxi. 80 Of purprestures ant of occupaciouns, anie imade ope þe lord kinge..te king sulde of plein nimen aȝen þe þing so ioccupied. c1436 Domesday Ipswich (BL Add. 25011) in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1873) II. 131 (MED) Also the leete be holdyn in the forseid toun of Geppiswich..and the purprestures presentyd in the same toun shul ben redressed and amendyd be sighte of the ballyves. ?a1450 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 2 Ye shall enfourme us..of all pourprestures made upon land or watyr, or [perh. read as] reylyng up of dowles, streityng of the Kyng's hieth way, pitchyng or plankyng in the comon or in the comen way, to the noyance of the Kyngs people. a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 30 Allso þat no man make noo purpresture ne stoppyng with trees ne stones ne with no othur filthe in the forseid Ryver up the peyn aforsaid. 1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 64 Purprestures, or incrochmentes on the high wayes, lanes, and common grounds, in and about this citie. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem ii. lxxiv. §1 Purpresture is, quhen ane man occupies vnjustlie anie thing against the King, as in the Kings domain..or in stoppin the Kings publick wayis, or passages, as in waters turned fra the richt course. a1634 E. Coke Courts Forest lxxiii, in Fourth Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. (1648) 291 To be quit of asserts, and purprestures. 1754 J. Erskine Princ. Law Scotl. I. ii. v. 165 Purpresture draws likewise a forfeiture of the whole feu after it, and is incurred by the vassal's incroaching upon any part of his superiour's property. 1857 J. K. Angell & T. Durfee Treat. on Law of Highways i. vii. 21 A railway in a city is not per se a nuisance or a purpresture. 1879 E. Robertson in Encycl. Brit. IX. 409/2 The offence of ‘purpresture’..was an encroachment on the forest rights, by building a house within the forest, and it made no difference whether the land belonged to the builder or not. 1933 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 10 May 2/2 The commission also contended the breakwater is an illegal structure and a purpresture. 1961 V. Pearl London & Outbreak Puritan Revol. i. 22 Although this Charter settled the dispute concerning the City wastes and purprestures, it by no means reconciled the City to Charles' policy of compounding for houses built on new foundations. 2002 D. H. Cole Pollution & Prop. ii. 34 Purpresture is more like trespass than nuisance in that damages need not be proved but are presumed from the interference with existing property rights. 2. A payment or rent due to a feudal superior for permission to enclose or build on land. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for privilege > [noun] > of enclosing land or building purpresture1435 1435 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 362 For ye quelk thre forsayd graundes, ye forsayd Robert Bercroft salle pay ȝerely to ye Comons of Notingham, summa iiij s. vj d...be cavse of ye purpresser yat is under ye same rent. c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 29 (MED) I haue i-ȝefe..all my mede..in-to perpetuell almys, ffre and quite for all seruice and purpresture of here Gardeyne of Cudelynton. c1503 tr. Charter of London in R. Arnold Chron. f. xiij^v/2 Of alle maner custumes vsagis and ymposicions and also prepresturs and other thingis what so they bee that fall with in the fraunches of the forsaid cite. 1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII c. 16 §1 The fermes of diuers purprestures, assertes, sergeantes, & minute rentes. 1604 in P. H. Reaney Penrith Gram. School (1915) 17 Rent paid..for Divers purprestures housess and lands. 1765 Act 5 Geo. III c. 26 Preamble Assarts, purprestures, chiminages, piscaries. 1963 G. A. Williams Medieval London vii. 214 The new men of the trades, those angry over tallage and purpresture or eager for political power,..found a banner and a cause. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1325
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