| 单词 | quality circle | 
| 释义 | > as lemmasquality circle   quality circle  n.				 [probably after Japanese kyū-shii sākuru (c1965;  <  English QC   (see QC n. at Q n. Initialisms 2) + sākuru   (1907;  <  English circle  : see circle n.))]			 (originally with reference to Japanese industry) a group of employees who meet to consider ways of resolving problems and improving production in their organization. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > worker according to manner of working > 			[noun]		 > suggesting improvements > collectively quality circle1974 1971    P. Niland 		(title)	  				The quality control circle: an analysis.]			 1974    Winnipeg Free Press 12 Feb. 41/4  				We now should learn from our Japanese students. There are..the so called ‘Quality Circles’. 1980    Time 28 Jan. 65/2  				The firms are forming ‘quality circles’. These are groups of..employees who..gather..in brainstorming sessions that focus on what can be done to improve output. 1994    IEEE Ann. Hist. Computing Winter 91/1  				The emulation of Japanese management..have made quality circles..popular. 2001    S. Crainer  & D. Dearlove in  Financial Times Handbk. Managem. 		(ed. 2)	 413/1  				As much a social system as an industrial process, kaizen is at the heart of the quality philosophy and involves the use of quality circles. < as lemmas  | 
	
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