pulletn.

Brit.

/ˈpʊlᵻt/, U.S.

/ˈpʊlət/

Forms: Middle English polettes (plural), Middle English polettys (plural), Middle English pollet, Middle English pulet, Middle English pulett, Middle English pulte, Middle English 1600s pullett, Middle English–1500s polet, Middle English–1500s poullet, late Middle English– pullet, 1500s poulet, 1500s pullette, 1600s pullat, 1600s pullit.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from French. Etymons: French pullet; French polette, poulette.

Etymology: Probably partly < Anglo-Norman pullet, Anglo-Norman and Middle French poulet, polet, Middle French pollet, poullet (masculine) young chicken, young fowl (mid 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman), young person (a1533 in the passage translated in quot. a1533 at sense 2; French poulet ; < poule hen, fowl (see pull n.²) + -et -et suffix¹), and partly < Anglo-Norman polette and Middle French poulette (feminine) young hen, young fowl (late 12th cent. in Old French as polete ; French poulette , also in sense ‘young woman’ (1681)) < poule (see above) + -ette -ette suffix. Compare post-classical Latin pulletus (c1284–1583 in British sources), Old Occitan polet young chicken (Occitan polet), Catalan pollet (late 14th cent.).Attested earlier as a surname: Sauare le Pulete (1251), although it is unclear whether this is to be interpreted as reflecting the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word.

1. A young domestic hen; spec. (a) (esp. formerly) one from point-of-lay until first moult (cf. chicken n. 1a); (b) (now frequently) any young hen up to the age of one year.Sometimes defined more specifically as a hen from about four (or eight) weeks up to point-of-lay at about 20 weeks.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > hen or cock > [noun] > hen > at or of specific stage, condition, or habits

pulletc1400

brood-hen1526

smoke-hen1577

Shrovetide hen1598

shroving hen1611

poulard1733

clucker1779

the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > member of (fowl) > young or chicken > at particular stage

pulletc1400

spring chicken1765

c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. vii. 264 ‘I haue no peny,’ quaþ piers, ‘pulettis [v.r. pultys; c1400 B text poletes; c1400 C text ix. 304 polettes] to biggen.’

a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 38 (MED) Take Polettys y-rostyd & hew hem.

1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 9 Goo in to the pultrie, Bye poullettis One poullet [Fr. poulle] & two chekens, But no capon, Ne no cocke bringe not.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 158^v The young Pullets, are better for laying, then sitting.

1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. x. 80 A Law, that nothing but Chickens or young Pullets fed in the Camp should be brought to him at his meals.

1680 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 486 Haile stones..as big as pullets' eggs.

1712 W. King Let. in Art of Cookery (ed. 2) 105 The Flesh of a Pullet.

1764 T. Smollett Trav. (1766) I. xviii. 289 Chickens and pullets are extremely meagre.

1819 Amer. Farmer 1 104 D'ye think I'd feed a hungry man on bones and crusts, when my yard is full of fat pullets and turkeys, and pigs?

1884 Bazaar, Exchange & Mart 12 Sept. 866/1 Wyandottes. Wanted a few early pullets, pure bred.

1939 Harper's Mag. Mar. 442/2 We ate or sold forty-five broilers and roasters, and ended up with thirty-six pullets, all laying like a house afire.

2004 Independent 14 July (Property section) 13/2 Jane bought another couple of chickens, Cream Legbars, which are still pullets and live in the rabbit hutch.

2. figurative. A young or inexperienced person (in early use spec. a young woman). Cf. chicken n. 5.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun]

daughterOE

maidenOE

young womanOE

mayc1175

burdc1225

maidc1275

wenchc1290

file1303

virginc1330

girla1375

damselc1380

young ladya1393

jilla1425

juvenclec1430

young person1438

domicellea1464

quean1488

trull1525

pulleta1533

Tib1533

kittyc1560

dell1567

gillian1573

nymph1584

winklota1586

frotion1587

yuffrouw1589

pigeon1592

tit1599

nannicock1600

muggle1608

gixy1611

infanta1611

dilla1627

tittiea1628

whimsy1631

ladykin1632

stammel1639

moggie1648

zitellaa1660

baggagea1668

miss1668

baby1684

burdie1718

demoiselle1720

queanie?1800

intombi1809

muchacha1811

jilt1816

titter1819

ragazza1827

gouge1828

craft1829

meisie1838

sheila1839

sixteenc1840

chica1843

femme1846

muffin1854

gel1857

quail1859

kitten1870

bud1880

fräulein1883

sub-debutante1887

sweet-and-twenty1887

flapper1888

jelly1889

queen1894

chick1899

pusher1902

bit of fluff1903

chicklet1905

twist and twirl1905

twist1906

head1913

sub-deb1916

tabby1916

mouse1917

tittie1918

chickie1919

wren1920

bim1922

nifty1923

quiff1923

wimp1923

bride1924

job1927

junior miss1927

hag1932

tab1932

sort1933

palone1934

brush1941

knitting1943

teenybopper1966

weeny-bopper1972

Valley Girl1982

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1535) ii. Let. viii. f.122 ^v Ye that be auncyent teachynge vs, and we obedient, as olde fathers and yonge pullettes [Fr. poullets], beinge in the neste of the senate.

1578 T. Lupton All for Money l. 1300 Do you not see yonder, olde mother Croote Would as fayne be trode as a yonger pullet.

a1635 T. Randolph tr. Aristophanes Hey for Honesty, Down with Knavery (1651) iv. iii. 36 Tell me, sweet Helen, How hast thou done this three thousand year young Pullet! How hast thou done ere since the warres of Troy?

1677 A. Behn Rover iv. iii. 66 Yes, sweeting, we do know Belvile, and wish he were with us now, he's a Cormorant at Whore and Bacon, he'd have a Limb or two of thee my Virgin Pullet.

1703 T. Baker Tunbridge-walks iii. i. 31 Oh! She's a Bold Pullet.

1786 F. Pilon He would be Soldier iv. 61 Yes, my Lady; when I had you first you were no pullet.

1864 A. B. Longstreet Master William Mitten xxiii. 210 She is over head and ears in love with him, as indeed all the girls in Morristown are; for Bill is death among the pullets.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 219 Blazes Boylan looked into the cut of her blouse. A young pullet.

1937 Z. N. Hurston Their Eyes were watching God vii. 120 You oughta throw somethin' over yo' shoulders befo' you go outside. You ain't no young pullet no mo'.

1989 News of World 7 May 31/3 Through the job, I can meet loads of pullets [sc. young men or boys] and pick up their phone numbers.

1992 J. Crace Arcadia ii. viii. 144 City air makes free—and country pullets can become street cockatoos or fighting birds or songsters once they've shaken hayseed from their wings.

3. In full pullet carpet shell. A marine bivalve mollusc, Venerupis pullastra (family Veneridae), common in northern and Mediterranean waters. Cf. palourde n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > bivalves

cockOE

cockle1311

conch?1527

palour1589

conchyle1610

bivalvular1677

bivalve1684

nut-mussel1705

concha1755

cuckolda1757

Acephala1802

pullet1803

ciliograde1835

conchifer1835

acephalan1840

acephal1845

bivalvian1863

pelecypod1875

tea-clam1883

steamer clam1909

1803 G. Montagu Testacea Britannica I. 127 This species..is frequently eaten by the common people, and in some parts of Devonshire indiscriminately called Pullers or Pullets.

1901 E. Step Shell Life 136 The Pullet Carpet-shell (T. pullastra)... The colouring is in some specimens very suggestive of the plumage of a speckled hen, [whence] probably..the mollusk has got the name of Pullet, which is locally applied to it on parts of the Devon coast.

1974 S. P. Dance Encycl. Shells 268/1 Pullet Carpet Shell. Very similar in shape, size and ornament to V. rhomboides.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

ΚΠ

1719 tr. J. Pitton de Tournefort Compl. Herbal I. i. iii. 25/1 Others use the Powder of the dried Leaves in Pullet-Broth.

1894 C. Ranhofer Epicurean 624 Dilute it with the strained and skimmed pullet broth.

1958 Modesto (Calif.) Bee 15 May 30/7 (advt.) Started pullets... Grown in isolation. No adult birds ever on our pullet farms.

C2.

pullet disease n. Veterinary Medicine a disorder of domestic poultry, of uncertain aetiology and often fatal, characterized by cyanosis of the head and diarrhoea, with monocytosis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of birds > [noun] > disorders of poultry

roup1551

squeck1577

gargil1614

roup1614

the gapes1799

garget1817

snifters1844

white comb1853

bumble foot1854

wry-tail1880

blackhead1894

bacillary white diarrhoea1909

limber-neck1910

(avian or fowl) leucosis complex1922

pullorum1929

perosis1931

fowl paralysis1932

scissor beak1934

blue comb1939

hexamitiasis1941

pullet disease1941

Marek's disease1947

new wheat disease1950

X disease1950

sour crop1951

fowl cholera-

1941 Jungherr & Levine in Amer. Jrnl. Vet. Res. 2 267/2 The majority of the cases occur between the ages of 5 and 7 months..hence the appropriateness of the term ‘pullet disease’.

1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. May 442/1 The condition of poultry known as pullet disease, blue-comb disease, new wheat disease, or X disease has been known in Great Britain and America for several years.

1992 Vet. Rec. 1 Feb. 108/1 Pullet disease occurs regularly in Israel during the hot summer months.

pullet sperm n. literary (probably chiefly after Shakespeare's use: see quot. a1616) eggs.

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. v. 29 Bard. With Egges, Sir? Fal. Simple of it selfe: Ile no Pullet-Sperme [printed Pullet-Spersme; corrected in 1632] in my brewage.

1817 J. Keats Let. 22 Nov. in Lett. (1935) 66 Send me a little pullet sperm, a few finch eggs.

1941 E. Linklater Man on my Back ix. 124 As if to prove that his goods were authentic pullet-sperm, he carried in a fish-frail on his other arm two dirty fluttered hens.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pullet
释义	pulletn. Brit. /ˈpʊlᵻt/, U.S. /ˈpʊlət/ Forms: Middle English polettes (plural), Middle English polettys (plural), Middle English pollet, Middle English pulet, Middle English pulett, Middle English pulte, Middle English 1600s pullett, Middle English–1500s polet, Middle English–1500s poullet, late Middle English– pullet, 1500s poulet, 1500s pullette, 1600s pullat, 1600s pullit. Origin: Probably a borrowing from French. Etymons: French pullet; French polette, poulette. Etymology: Probably partly < Anglo-Norman pullet, Anglo-Norman and Middle French poulet, polet, Middle French pollet, poullet (masculine) young chicken, young fowl (mid 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman), young person (a1533 in the passage translated in quot. a1533 at sense 2; French poulet ; < poule hen, fowl (see pull n.²) + -et -et suffix¹), and partly < Anglo-Norman polette and Middle French poulette (feminine) young hen, young fowl (late 12th cent. in Old French as polete ; French poulette , also in sense ‘young woman’ (1681)) < poule (see above) + -ette -ette suffix. Compare post-classical Latin pulletus (c1284–1583 in British sources), Old Occitan polet young chicken (Occitan polet), Catalan pollet (late 14th cent.).Attested earlier as a surname: Sauare le Pulete (1251), although it is unclear whether this is to be interpreted as reflecting the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word. 1. A young domestic hen; spec. (a) (esp. formerly) one from point-of-lay until first moult (cf. chicken n. 1a); (b) (now frequently) any young hen up to the age of one year.Sometimes defined more specifically as a hen from about four (or eight) weeks up to point-of-lay at about 20 weeks. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > hen or cock > [noun] > hen > at or of specific stage, condition, or habits pulletc1400 brood-hen1526 smoke-hen1577 Shrovetide hen1598 shroving hen1611 poulard1733 clucker1779 the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > member of (fowl) > young or chicken > at particular stage pulletc1400 spring chicken1765 c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. vii. 264 ‘I haue no peny,’ quaþ piers, ‘pulettis [v.r. pultys; c1400 B text poletes; c1400 C text ix. 304 polettes] to biggen.’ a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 38 (MED) Take Polettys y-rostyd & hew hem. 1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 9 Goo in to the pultrie, Bye poullettis One poullet [Fr. poulle] & two chekens, But no capon, Ne no cocke bringe not. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 158^v The young Pullets, are better for laying, then sitting. 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. x. 80 A Law, that nothing but Chickens or young Pullets fed in the Camp should be brought to him at his meals. 1680 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 486 Haile stones..as big as pullets' eggs. 1712 W. King Let. in Art of Cookery (ed. 2) 105 The Flesh of a Pullet. 1764 T. Smollett Trav. (1766) I. xviii. 289 Chickens and pullets are extremely meagre. 1819 Amer. Farmer 1 104 D'ye think I'd feed a hungry man on bones and crusts, when my yard is full of fat pullets and turkeys, and pigs? 1884 Bazaar, Exchange & Mart 12 Sept. 866/1 Wyandottes. Wanted a few early pullets, pure bred. 1939 Harper's Mag. Mar. 442/2 We ate or sold forty-five broilers and roasters, and ended up with thirty-six pullets, all laying like a house afire. 2004 Independent 14 July (Property section) 13/2 Jane bought another couple of chickens, Cream Legbars, which are still pullets and live in the rabbit hutch. 2. figurative. A young or inexperienced person (in early use spec. a young woman). Cf. chicken n. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun] daughterOE maidenOE young womanOE mayc1175 burdc1225 maidc1275 wenchc1290 file1303 virginc1330 girla1375 damselc1380 young ladya1393 jilla1425 juvenclec1430 young person1438 domicellea1464 quean1488 trull1525 pulleta1533 Tib1533 kittyc1560 dell1567 gillian1573 nymph1584 winklota1586 frotion1587 yuffrouw1589 pigeon1592 tit1599 nannicock1600 muggle1608 gixy1611 infanta1611 dilla1627 tittiea1628 whimsy1631 ladykin1632 stammel1639 moggie1648 zitellaa1660 baggagea1668 miss1668 baby1684 burdie1718 demoiselle1720 queanie?1800 intombi1809 muchacha1811 jilt1816 titter1819 ragazza1827 gouge1828 craft1829 meisie1838 sheila1839 sixteenc1840 chica1843 femme1846 muffin1854 gel1857 quail1859 kitten1870 bud1880 fräulein1883 sub-debutante1887 sweet-and-twenty1887 flapper1888 jelly1889 queen1894 chick1899 pusher1902 bit of fluff1903 chicklet1905 twist and twirl1905 twist1906 head1913 sub-deb1916 tabby1916 mouse1917 tittie1918 chickie1919 wren1920 bim1922 nifty1923 quiff1923 wimp1923 bride1924 job1927 junior miss1927 hag1932 tab1932 sort1933 palone1934 brush1941 knitting1943 teenybopper1966 weeny-bopper1972 Valley Girl1982 a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1535) ii. Let. viii. f.122 ^v Ye that be auncyent teachynge vs, and we obedient, as olde fathers and yonge pullettes [Fr. poullets], beinge in the neste of the senate. 1578 T. Lupton All for Money l. 1300 Do you not see yonder, olde mother Croote Would as fayne be trode as a yonger pullet. a1635 T. Randolph tr. Aristophanes Hey for Honesty, Down with Knavery (1651) iv. iii. 36 Tell me, sweet Helen, How hast thou done this three thousand year young Pullet! How hast thou done ere since the warres of Troy? 1677 A. Behn Rover iv. iii. 66 Yes, sweeting, we do know Belvile, and wish he were with us now, he's a Cormorant at Whore and Bacon, he'd have a Limb or two of thee my Virgin Pullet. 1703 T. Baker Tunbridge-walks iii. i. 31 Oh! She's a Bold Pullet. 1786 F. Pilon He would be Soldier iv. 61 Yes, my Lady; when I had you first you were no pullet. 1864 A. B. Longstreet Master William Mitten xxiii. 210 She is over head and ears in love with him, as indeed all the girls in Morristown are; for Bill is death among the pullets. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 219 Blazes Boylan looked into the cut of her blouse. A young pullet. 1937 Z. N. Hurston Their Eyes were watching God vii. 120 You oughta throw somethin' over yo' shoulders befo' you go outside. You ain't no young pullet no mo'. 1989 News of World 7 May 31/3 Through the job, I can meet loads of pullets [sc. young men or boys] and pick up their phone numbers. 1992 J. Crace Arcadia ii. viii. 144 City air makes free—and country pullets can become street cockatoos or fighting birds or songsters once they've shaken hayseed from their wings. 3. In full pullet carpet shell. A marine bivalve mollusc, Venerupis pullastra (family Veneridae), common in northern and Mediterranean waters. Cf. palourde n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > bivalves cockOE cockle1311 conch?1527 palour1589 conchyle1610 bivalvular1677 bivalve1684 nut-mussel1705 concha1755 cuckolda1757 Acephala1802 pullet1803 ciliograde1835 conchifer1835 acephalan1840 acephal1845 bivalvian1863 pelecypod1875 tea-clam1883 steamer clam1909 1803 G. Montagu Testacea Britannica I. 127 This species..is frequently eaten by the common people, and in some parts of Devonshire indiscriminately called Pullers or Pullets. 1901 E. Step Shell Life 136 The Pullet Carpet-shell (T. pullastra)... The colouring is in some specimens very suggestive of the plumage of a speckled hen, [whence] probably..the mollusk has got the name of Pullet, which is locally applied to it on parts of the Devon coast. 1974 S. P. Dance Encycl. Shells 268/1 Pullet Carpet Shell. Very similar in shape, size and ornament to V. rhomboides. Compounds C1. General attributive. ΚΠ 1719 tr. J. Pitton de Tournefort Compl. Herbal I. i. iii. 25/1 Others use the Powder of the dried Leaves in Pullet-Broth. 1894 C. Ranhofer Epicurean 624 Dilute it with the strained and skimmed pullet broth. 1958 Modesto (Calif.) Bee 15 May 30/7 (advt.) Started pullets... Grown in isolation. No adult birds ever on our pullet farms. C2. pullet disease n. Veterinary Medicine a disorder of domestic poultry, of uncertain aetiology and often fatal, characterized by cyanosis of the head and diarrhoea, with monocytosis. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of birds > [noun] > disorders of poultry roup1551 squeck1577 gargil1614 roup1614 the gapes1799 garget1817 snifters1844 white comb1853 bumble foot1854 wry-tail1880 blackhead1894 bacillary white diarrhoea1909 limber-neck1910 (avian or fowl) leucosis complex1922 pullorum1929 perosis1931 fowl paralysis1932 scissor beak1934 blue comb1939 hexamitiasis1941 pullet disease1941 Marek's disease1947 new wheat disease1950 X disease1950 sour crop1951 fowl cholera- 1941 Jungherr & Levine in Amer. Jrnl. Vet. Res. 2 267/2 The majority of the cases occur between the ages of 5 and 7 months..hence the appropriateness of the term ‘pullet disease’. 1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. May 442/1 The condition of poultry known as pullet disease, blue-comb disease, new wheat disease, or X disease has been known in Great Britain and America for several years. 1992 Vet. Rec. 1 Feb. 108/1 Pullet disease occurs regularly in Israel during the hot summer months. pullet sperm n. literary (probably chiefly after Shakespeare's use: see quot. a1616) eggs. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. v. 29 Bard. With Egges, Sir? Fal. Simple of it selfe: Ile no Pullet-Sperme [printed Pullet-Spersme; corrected in 1632] in my brewage. View more context for this quotation 1817 J. Keats Let. 22 Nov. in Lett. (1935) 66 Send me a little pullet sperm, a few finch eggs. 1941 E. Linklater Man on my Back ix. 124 As if to prove that his goods were authentic pullet-sperm, he carried in a fish-frail on his other arm two dirty fluttered hens. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1400
随便看	vowel-notation vowel-phoneme vermiculosity vermiculous vermiculture vermiculus vermidom vermiferous vermified vermiform vermiform appendix or appendage vermiform process vermiform superior vermiformous vermifugal vermifuge vermifuges vermifugous vermigerous vermigrade vermil vermilion vermilion-coloured vermilion-crimson vermilion-dyed