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单词 psilosis
释义

psilosisn.

Brit. /sʌɪˈləʊsɪs/, U.S. /saɪˈloʊsəs/
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin psilosis; Greek ψίλωσις.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin psilosis action of stripping flesh (4th cent.) and its etymon ancient Greek ψίλωσις action of stripping hair or flesh, in medieval Greek also action of writing or pronouncing with a smooth breathing or unaspirated consonant < ψιλοῦν to strip bare, make bald, in Hellenistic Greek also to write or pronounce with a smooth breathing or unaspirated consonant ( < ψιλός bare, bald: see psilo- comb. form) + -ωσις -osis suffix. With sense 2 compare German Psilosis (1893 or earlier in this sense).
1. Medicine.
a. The action of stripping hair or flesh; depilation. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΚΠ
1842 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 3) Psilosis, depilation.
1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 1034/1 Psilosis,..a stripping bare, as of hair or of flesh.
b. The disease sprue. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1883 G. Thin in Practitioner 31 173 The term psilosis is proposed as expressive of a constant feature of the complaint [sc. sprew], the bareness or rawness of the mucous membrane.
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 368 In psilosis or sprue, the œsophagus is denuded of epithelium.
1921 Washington Post 3 Oct. 75/7 Sprue, or psilosis, is a strange infection of the intestines and stomach by a low form of vegetative life similar to molds and yeasts.
2. Linguistics. Chiefly with reference to Greek: the substitution of plosive for aspirated or fricative consonants (as p for ph) or of smooth breathings for rough ones; an instance of this.
ΚΠ
1889 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 10 282 The aspirate which the Aeolic psilosis dropped.
1904 J. H. Moulton in Expositor May 361 Occasional deaspiration is part of the general tendency towards psilosis which started from Ionic influences and became universal, as modern Greek shows.
1968 W. S. Allen Vox Graeca ii. 70 As a result of ‘psilosis’ (‘dropping of h's’) in East Ionic.
2000 Classical Rev. 50 2 It had a psilosis, of Asiatic Aeolic origin, which persisted when the tradition passed to Ionic singers.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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