propagationn.
/ˌprɒpəˈɡeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌprɑpəˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n/ 1. † b. The action of peopling with offspring. Obsolete. rare.
a. The production of offspring; the action or practice of causing a people, race, etc., to continue in being by procreation; reproduction; (also) the action of causing a plant, animal, etc., to produce offspring or multiply by natural processes. Also figurative.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > [noun]
i-streonc893
strainc950
akennessOE
spreadingOE
upspringc1000
akenningOE
akennednessOE
strainc1175
streningc1230
begetc1330
begettingc1330
engendrurec1350
generationa1382
gettinga1382
genderingc1384
multiplicationa1387
increase1390
prolificationa1393
procreationc1395
engenderinga1400
gendrure?a1400
engendure?a1425
progeniturec1429
propagation?1440
teemingc1450
breeda1500
geniturea1500
engenderment1507
progeneration1548
fathering1549
engender1556
race1561
multiplying1599
pullulation1641
progermination1648
reproduction1713
face-making1785
baby-making1827
begettal1864
fertility1866
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) xi. 57 (MED) In Septembre the propagacioun..Is best to sette in occupacioun, ffor now they makith rootis lesse and more.
c1475 Mankind (1969) 186 (MED) Of þe erth and of þe cley we haue owr propagacyon.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. LLLiiiiv He that by natural propagacion hath generat or begoten vs.
1583 Sir T. Smith's De Republica Anglorum i. xii. 14 (margin) Propagation is when a man layeth a branch of a..tree into the ground, so that it taketh roote of it selfe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. ii. 138 This we came not to, Onely for propogation of a Dowre Remaining in the Coffer of her friends. View more context for this quotation
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xliv. 346 Eternal death..is but a time of Punishment and Torment; and to last by succession of sinners thereunto, as long as the kind of Man by propagation shall endure.
1671 H. Oldenburg Let. 18 Nov. in Corr. (1971) VIII. 364 It will awaken some publick-minded and wealthy persons to inquire after you, and to concurr wth you in the propagation of ye Plant.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. v. v. 153 What can be more innocent than the Indulgence of a natural Appetite? or what more laudable than the Propagation of our Species? View more context for this quotation
1781 E. Burke Speech Marr. Act Repeal Bill in Wks. X. 136 Matrimony is instituted not only for the propagation of men, but for their nutrition, their education, their establishment.
1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §875 In the lower Algæ,..the plants are continually undergoing propagation by division of the constituent cells.
1952 G. F. Hervey & J. Hems Freshwater Trop. Aquarium Fishes iii. 31 This is a very pretty and distinctive plant... Propagation is by self-division.
1977 Ann. Internal Med. 86 323/2 In-vitro propagation of the Epstein-Barr virus is possible only in lymphoblastoid cell lines.
1994 Outlook Dec. 5/3 A particularly virulent publication..denounces ‘faggotry’ because it does not allow for propagation of the race.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > furnishing with inhabitants > [noun] > with offspring
propagation1662
1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. i. §2 The propagation of the world after [the flood] by the Sons of Noah.
2. The dissemination, advancement, or promotion of a belief, idea, practice, etc.; (in later use also) the spreading of lies, scandal, etc.; an instance of this.
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society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > [noun]
publicationa1387
publishing?c1450
publishmenta1513
propagation1531
divulgating1537
bruit1548
divulgation1548
edition1549
notifying1550
promulgation1562
provulgation1566
diffusion1600
blazon1603
divulging1604
divulge1619
ventilationa1631
evulgation1638
propalationa1676
circulation1684
popularization1797
pervulgationa1832
the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [noun] > specifically of immaterial things
dilatation1448
propagation1531
dilating1532
enlargement1607
dilationa1631
radiationa1631
dispreadinga1652
factorship1697
rayonnement1910
haemorrhaging1967
1531 tr. E. Fox et al. Determinations Moste Famous Vniuersities i. f. 19v To haue hyndred vniuersally the propagacion and increasynge of loue and charitie betwene christen people.
1588 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1881) 1st Ser. IV. 266 The propagatioun of the trew..religioun.
1618 S. Latham New & 2nd Bk. Falconrie Epist. For the propagation of the noble sport.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxii. 121 The Corporations of men, that..unite themselves in anothers Dominion, for the easier propagation of Doctrines.
1680 R. Bolron Narr. 9 The Jesuits..are the most Zealous for the propagation of their Religion in their old Mumpsimus Way.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 144. ⁋6 Calumny is diffused by all arts and methods of propagation.
1796 E. Burke Two Lett. Peace Regicide Directory France in Wks. (1808) VIII. 237 They..have been taught to look on religious opinions as the only cause of enthusiastick zeal, and sectarian propagation.
1857 N. P. Willis Paul Fane v. 41 I was drifting round through the back settlements in Michigan, on a propagation of the Fine Arts—getting commissions.
1877 W. Sparrow Serm. ix. 112 The main use of agencies..in connection with religion, is the propagation of the truth.
1933 B. Rascoe Prometheans, Anc. & Mod. 161 He ridicules the various styles and methods of procedure of the historians, their biases, their propagation of lies, their false perspectives.
1979 D. Halberstam Powers that Be (1980) i. ii. 70 His magazines would play no part in the propagation of ideas and values unworthy of true Western culture.
2005 Observer (Nexis) 11 Sept. (Review section) 1 The propagation of terrorist ideas by internet.
3. That which is produced by propagation or reproduction; offspring; a breed, a race, a generation. Also in extended use. Now rare.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > [noun] > offspring
seedOE
offspringOE
begottena1325
birtha1325
issuea1325
burgeoninga1340
fruit of the loinsa1340
young onec1384
increasement1389
geta1400
gendera1425
procreation1461
progeniturec1487
engendera1500
propagation1536
feture1537
increase1552
breed1574
spawn1590
bowela1593
teeming1599
pullulation1641
prolifications1646
educt1677
produce1823
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > progeny or offspring
bairn-teamc885
childeOE
tudderc897
seedOE
teamOE
wastum971
offspringOE
i-cundeOE
fostera1175
i-streonc1175
strainc1175
brooda1300
begetc1300
barm-teamc1315
issuea1325
progenyc1330
fruit of the loinsa1340
bowel1382
young onec1384
suita1387
engendrurea1400
fruitinga1400
geta1400
birth?a1425
porturec1425
progenityc1450
bodyfauntc1460
generation1477
fryc1480
enfantement1483
infantment1483
blood issue1535
propagation1536
offspring1548
race1549
family?1552
increase1552
breed1574
begetting1611
sperm1641
bed1832
fruitage1850
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > collectively
bairn-teamc885
kinc950
seedOE
teamOE
offspringOE
kindOE
childrenc1175
lineage1303
generationa1325
issuea1325
successiona1340
kindredc1350
progenya1382
posterityc1410
sequelc1440
ligneea1450
posterior1509
genealogy1513
propagation1536
racea1547
postery1548
after-spring1583
bowela1593
afterworld1594
loin1608
descendance1617
succession1618
proles1640
descent1667
ramage1936
1536 Exhort. to the North 86 in F. J. Furnivall Ballads from MSS I. 307 And with that noit content, hys mallys put in vre agaynes the trew lewes of hys propagation.
1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxviii. 287 With marrage, that legitimates our Propagation.
1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas xi. 148 From the beginning of the worlde to the time of Christ, are numbred fowre propagations or generations.
1611 B. Rich Honestie of Age (1844) 49 The Laconian women brought foorth a propagation of men of haughty courage.
1661 J. Fell Life T. Fuller 7 Those productions and propagations of divine Learning and Knowledge.
1735 H. Brooke Universal Beauty iii, in Poet. Wks. (1792) II. 64 Now see whence various propagations breed, The sucker, scyon, sprout, and embryon seed.
a1930 R. S. Bridges Poet. Wks. (1936) 418 She [sc. Medicine] now separates the bacillus Sets the atoms of offence.., 'Neath lens and daylight, forcing their foul propagations..Now to behave in sight.
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the world > space > extension in space > expansion or enlargement > [noun]
waxingc1055
increasec1374
dilatationc1400
larging?a1425
magnification?a1425
bredingc1440
ampliation1509
enlarginga1513
dilating1532
ampliating1541
amplification1546
amplifying1553
propagation1563
enlargement1564
widening1569
growth1587
dilation1598
expatiation1612
diduction1634
expansion1635
extendinga1649
dispansion1658
elargement1680
expatiating1708
explicating1730
aggrandizement1772
extension1839
expanse1860
aggrandization1929
the world > time > duration > [noun]
lengtha1240
date?1316
durationc1384
hautesse1399
quantity?a1425
periodc1475
tracta1513
allowance1526
continuance1530
wideness1535
continue1556
protense1590
countenance1592
stay1595
standing1600
dimension1605
longanimity1607
longinquity1607
insisture1609
existence1615
unprivationa1628
continuity1646
protension1654
measure1658
course1665
contention1666
propagation1741
protensity1886
1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse sig. Tiiiv To these inwarde workes, we may Ioyne the earnist & vehement desyre and thrust, we haue to the propagation of his kyngdome, the predication of his worde, and suche others of this kynde.
1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) 216 I expect no good by her, but suspect a propagation of my misfortunes.
a1654 Bp. J. Richardson Observ. Old Test: Gen. (1655) 344 His ardent and longing affection to behold the flourishings and propagations of his Church.
a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) XI. 39 The spoil and waste they had made..for the propagation of their empire, which they were still enlarging as their desires.
1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero I. iii. 217 Not for the propagation of his own life.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > branch
branch-veinc1400
eye vein1545
surcle1578
tendron1578
propagation1615
twig1683
radicle1829
rootlet1875
radical1880
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια xi. xxx. 903 The other externall branch at the middle of the Ell shooteth out a propagation from his outside.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 184 Lastly, these propagations being communicated unto both hands, we have no greater reason to weare our rings on the left, then on the right. View more context for this quotation
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 10 The nerves of the Taste descend from the third and fourth Propagations, and so diffuse themselves into the tongue.
1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies sig. Hh (Table 60) The Propagations of Vessels from the Umbilical Rope to the Placenta.
1724 W. Stukeley Of Spleen 20 Malpighi takes particular notice of a membrane in the spleen distinct from the propagations of the venular capsula.
1786 J. Aitken Princ. Anat. & Physiol. II. 1 This important organ [sc. the sensorium commune] and all its propagations, are covered by two membranes.
6. Physics. The passage of movement, energy, a vibration, a wave, etc., in a particular direction or through a medium; the progression of a crack through a solid.
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the world > matter > physics > energy or power of doing work > [noun] > transmission of energy
propagation1656
translation1715
the world > movement > transference > [noun] > conveying or transporting > conveying by a channel or medium > of motion or energy
propagation1656
transmission1704
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrolysis > [noun] > transmission of hydrogen
propagation1656
the world > matter > physics > science of sound > sound-waves > [noun] > transmission
propagation1723
transmission1834
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > heat > transmission of heat > [noun]
propagation1804
conduction1814
transmission1815
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > emission of light, radiation > [noun] > transmission
trajection1633
transmission1704
propagation1854
1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. iii. xxii. 248 When..one Body having opposite Endeavour to another Body, moveth the same, and that moveth a third, and so on, I call that action Propagation of Motion.
1699 R. Burthogge Of Soul of World in Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1748) II. 242 Even the Propagation of Light is by Discerption; some Effluvia or Emanations of the enlightening Candle passing into that which is lightened.
1709 Philos. Trans. 1708–09 (Royal Soc.) 26 368 This [experiment] plainly shews, and seems positively to confirm, That Air is the only Medium for the Propagation of Sound.
1723 J. Clarke tr. Rohault's Syst. Nat. Philos. I. i. xxvi. 191 The Propagation of Sound may very well be compared with Circles made in the Water, by throwing a Stone into it.
1804 Sir J. Leslie (title) An experimental inquiry into the nature and propagation of heat.
1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xxiii. 289 It is probable that in all cases of the propagation of waves, the place of the centre of gravity remains unaltered.
1854 Pereira's Pol. Light 8 The Propagation of Light.—Light emanates, radiates, or is propagated in straight lines.
1934 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 145 368 The propagation of slip is readily understandable and is analogous to the propagation of a crack.
1968 J. E. Gordon New Sci. Strong Materials v. 98 The worst sin in an engineering material is..lack of resistance to the propagation of cracks.
1991 CD Rev. Oct. 102/3 At very low frequencies, sound propagation is essentially omnidirectional.
7. The transmission of disease or of a disease.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [noun] > contagion
contagiona1626
smittling1625
propagation1664
approximation1678
1664 Duchess of Newcastle Philos. Lett. iii. xli. 400 Properly there is no such thing as an hereditary propagation of diseases..; but because Children have such a neer relation to their Parents by Generation, if they chance to have the same diseases with their Parents, men are apt to conclude it comes by inheritance.
1671 T. Gumble Life Gen. Monck 417 This Plague did not arise from any Infection in the Air, but by propagation from one person to another.
1711 J. Marten Treat. Venereal Dis. (ed. 7) ii. ii. 326 Propagation of the Disease between Nurses and Children is likewise very common.
1798 R. Jackson Outl. Hist. & Cure Fever iii. 108 Bounds seem also to be set to the propagation of disease, the cause of which has proceeded from heterogeneous causes.
1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 107 To prevent the propagation of disease [sc. smallpox], and its consequent effects, deformity.
1868 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 31 403 Very soon after these checks to the propagation of the disease were removed, our old enemies reappeared.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 390/1 The intermixture of stock consequent on the common-field system was a barrier to improvement in the breed and conduced to the propagation of disease.
1988 R. Shilts And band played On vi. xxx. 306 These foci of sexual activity fueled the brushfire propagation of the infection.
8. Chemistry. The self-perpetuating step or steps in a chain reaction, in which product molecules are formed or polymer chains lengthened by a process which generates more reagents or radicals for a repetition of the reaction. Frequently attributive.
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the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions (general) > chain reaction > propagation
propagation1926
1926 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 48 2554 While water is essential for the process of starting a chain, it is still an open question whether water is necessary for chain propagation.
1940 Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 36 74 The rate of polymerisation..is then solely determined by the velocity of the propagation reaction.
1973 K. J. Saunders Org. Polymer Chem. i. 10 This new radical then adds further monomer molecules in rapid succession to form a polymer chain. In this propagation the active centre remains, being continuously relocated at the end of the chain.
2001 Chemicals & Materials from Renewable Resources (ACS Symp. Ser. No. 784) xii The high monomer concentration in a melt favors rapid propagation.
Compounds
C1.
propagation tray n.
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1966 Charleston (W. Va.) Daily Mail 23 Aug. 14/2 In the propagation tray, they are starting seeds and cuttings from plants.
1977 Grimsby Evening Tel. 31 May 9/5 A hundred small cannabis plants in propagation trays.
2005 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 14 May e1 Plastic propagation trays are sterilized in a solution of ‘magic water’.
C2.
propagation coefficient n. Physics = propagation constant n.
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the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > wave > specific coefficients
propagation constant1911
wavelength constant1940
propagation coefficient1943
propagation factor1955
1943 Gloss. Terms Telecommunications (B.S.I.) 7 Propagation coefficient, propagation constant, the natural logarithm of the vector ratio of the steady-state amplitudes of a wave at a specified frequency, at points in the direction of propagation separated by unit length.
1973 Internat. Statist. Rev. 41 15 Parameters or coefficients which have specific physical interpretations, but whose values are unknown. As examples, we have..the propagation coefficient in the theory of wave propagation, [etc.].
2003 Jrnl. Magnetism & Magn. Materials 254–5 604/1 We shall consider the change in the propagation coefficient of electromagnetic wave through the superlattice.
propagation constant n. Physics a quantity representing the loss of amplitude, or the retardation of phase, of a wave per unit distance travelled; spec. the coefficient of the distance in an equation representing the propagation of a wave.
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the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > wave > specific coefficients
propagation constant1911
wavelength constant1940
propagation coefficient1943
propagation factor1955
1911 J. A. Fleming Propagation Electr. Currents ii. 68 P is a complex quantity and therefore may be written in the form α + jβ. It is called the Propagation constant of the line.
1963 R. W. Ditchburn Light (ed. 2) ii. 28 The wave~length..is denoted by λ. An associated constant κ = 2π/λ is called the wavelength constant (or propagation constant).
1999 Science 3 Sept. 1537/2 The wave vector component along the waveguide, known as the propagation constant β, determines whether light propagates or is evanescent in any part of the guide.
propagation factor n. Physics (a) = propagation function n. (b); (b) = propagation constant n.; (c) = propagator n. 4.
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the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > wave > specific coefficients
propagation constant1911
wavelength constant1940
propagation coefficient1943
propagation factor1955
1955 Proc. Physical Soc. A. 68 317 K+(x, x′) is the propagation factor for a Dirac particle satisfying the equation.
1957 Jrnl. Atmospheric & Terrestrial Physics 10 121 One type of waveform, observed during day and night, indicates a directional variation of the propagation factor transcending the diurnal variation.
1999 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 455 320 Treating the slowly varying amplitude and wavelength effectively as constants, we only differentiate the propagation factor.
propagation function n. Physics (a) = propagator n. 4; (b) a function describing mathematically how a wave or the like propagates.
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the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > [noun] > function representing propagation
propagation function1949
propagator1951
1949 Physical Rev. 76 770/1 Many of the properties of the integrals are analyzed using formal properties of invariant propagation functions.
1970 J. Schwinger Particles, Sources, & Fields iii. 145 Considering spin 0 particles and their real scalar sources,..we examine the effect of adding an additional weak source... This combination of source and propagation function, measuring the effect of pre-existing sources on a weak test source, is the field of the sources.
2003 Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engin. 23 250/1 The shape functions of infinite elements are constructed by using a wave propagation function.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.?1440- chapt
- chaptalisation
- chaptalisations
- chaptalise
- chaptalised
- chaptalises
- chaptalising
- chaptalization
- chaptalizations
- chaptalize
- chaptalized
- chaptalizes
- chaptalizing
- chapter
- chapter and verse
- chapter book
- chapter seven
- chapter-bread
- chapter-heading
- chapter-house
- chapter-lands
- chapter-quest
- chapter-room
- chapter-treat
- chapterbread