drawv.

Brit.

/drɔː/, U.S.

/drɔ/,

/drɑ/

Inflections: Past tense drew Brit.

/druː/, U.S.

/dru/; past participle drawn Brit.

/drɔːn/, U.S.

/drɔn/,

/drɑn/;

Forms: 1. Present stem. a.

α. Old English dragan, Old English drahgan (rare), late Old English–early Middle English drah (imperative singular), early Middle English drae, early Middle English drage, early Middle English draȝhenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English drahie (west midlands), Middle English drafe (in a copy of an Old English charter), Middle English draȝ- (inflected form), Middle English draȝ (imperative singular), Middle English draȝe, Middle English dragh, Middle English draghe, Middle English drahe, Middle English drauȝ- (inflected form), Middle English drauȝ (imperative singular), Middle English draugh, Middle English drauȝh (imperative singular), Middle English drauh, Middle English drav, Middle English drawȝ, Middle English drawȝe, Middle English drogy (south-western), Middle English drow, Middle English–1500s draue, Middle English–1600s drau, Middle English–1600s drawe, Middle English– draw, 1800s–1900s dror (U.S. regional), 1900s– drar (U.S. regional); English regional 1700s–1800s dra, 1800s dhraw (Yorkshire), 1800s drah, 1800s dror, 1800s dry (Somerset), 1800s dthraw (Yorkshire), 1800s– draa; Scottish pre-1700 drau, pre-1700 drave, pre-1700 drawe, pre-1700 1700s– draw, 1800s– draa, 1900s– dra', 2000s– drah; also Irish English 1800s dra', 1800s draa, 1800s– dra, 1900s– dhraw (northern). The medial -i- in early Middle English drahie shows the influence of the β. forms.OE Guthlac A 727 Ongon þa leofne sið dragan domeadig dryhtnes cempa to þam onwillan eorðan dæle.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15394 To draȝhenn hemm till helle grund.c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 716 Þe odre walden drahen hit.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21264 Four ar þai..þat draues [Fairf. draghis, Gött. draus, Trin. Cambr. drawe] þe wain.c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. iii. l. 190 Oure cart shal he drawe.1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Draw as a paynter doth.1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. i. sig. B4 You may easily sound what depth of witts they drawe.1790 A. Wheeler Westmorland Dial. 113 When they dra up ther Cortan.1899 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1900) II. at Draw It drors the ground so, leavin' the cabbages in to sprout.1994 S. Murphey Bean Blossom Dreams vii. 119 Evening was drawing in and we hadn't seen the half of it.

β. Chiefly west midlands after Old English. Old English drægan, early Middle English draie, early Middle English draye, early Middle English dreaie, early Middle English dreie, early Middle English dreihe, early Middle English dreye, Middle English–1500s dray; English regional 1700s drea (Lancashire), 1800s drey (Lancashire), 1800s– dray. The medial -h- in early Middle English dreihe shows the influence of the α. forms.OE Writ of Edward the Confessor, Bury St. Edmunds (Sawyer 1084) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 164 Gyf ænig mann sy þæt wylle ænig þæra socna him to handa drægen.c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) l. 217 Elewsius..het..dreihen [c1225 Bodl. dreaien] hire into darc hus.a1300 Vision St. Paul (Jesus Oxf.) l. 89 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 149 And dreyeþ heom in-to a wel.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. vii. 64 When his tyme begynnys to day, I rede no man fro hym dray.1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng ix. f. 9^v To dray any water lyke a pompe.?1746 ‘T. Bobbin’ View Lancs. Dial. 123 Whot munneh gi' ye to drea a tush ot pleagues me?1855 E. Waugh Sketches Lancs. Life 12 Dray up to th' hob, an' warm yo.1948 M. Carbery & E. Grey Herts. Heritage 78 The time drayeth near.

b. Also 3rd singular indicative.

α. Old English drægð. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lvi. 431 Hit mon drægð [OE Corpus Cambr. drægð].

β. early Middle English drach, early Middle English drauh, early Middle English drauhð. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 159 Alswa se þe sunne drach up þene deu and makeð þer of kume reines.a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 58 Auh ðet fette drauhð euer to ðer eorðe.

2. Past tense. a. Strong.

α. Old English trog (Northumbrian), Old English–early Middle English drog, Old English–Middle English droh, early Middle English draȝh (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English droge, early Middle English drohh ( Ormulum, 3rd singular), Middle English dro, Middle English droch, Middle English droȝ, Middle English droȝe, Middle English droȝghe, Middle English drogh, Middle English droghe, Middle English droȝhe, Middle English droght, Middle English drohe, Middle English droow, Middle English droowȝ, Middle English droowh, Middle English drou, Middle English drouȝ, Middle English drouȝe, Middle English drouȝh, Middle English droughe, Middle English drouȝt, Middle English drouh, Middle English drouhe, Middle English drovȝ, Middle English drowȝ, Middle English drowȝe, Middle English drowgh, Middle English drowh, Middle English drowhe, Middle English–1500s drough, Middle English–1500s drow, Middle English–1500s drowe, late Middle English draugh (perhaps transmission error); N.E.D. (1897) also records a form Middle English droȝh. In forms such as droght, drouȝt with ght, ȝt as purely graphic representations of the final fricative.OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xxi. 11 Simon petrus..traxit rete in terram : Simon Petrus..drog..þæt nett on eorðe.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11907 He droh þær forþ. Þe bokess lare.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 60 Of hare forlorenesse þe drohen [a1250 Nero drowen] him to deaðe. ▸ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxxi. 3 Y rewende droȝ thee.c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 171 I..drowh my bordoun to me.c1580 Merye Hist. Mylner Abyngton (new ed.) sig. B.i^v At that worde the clarke loughe And by the voice to her he drough.

β. Middle English drug, Middle English drugh, Middle English drughe (in a late copy), Middle English druwe, Middle English drw, Middle English drwe, Middle English–1500s dreu, Middle English–1600s drewe, Middle English–1600s drue, Middle English– drew, 1500s dreue; Scottish pre-1700 dreu, pre-1700 dreuch, pre-1700 dreuche, pre-1700 dreugh, pre-1700 dreuth (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 drev, pre-1700 drewch, pre-1700 drewe, pre-1700 drewgh, pre-1700 drue, pre-1700 drw, pre-1700 drwe, pre-1700 1700s– drew. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2717 He fel dun in dedes bond And moyses drug him to ðe strond, And stille he dalf him [in] ðe sond.c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1299 Riche sail þai drewe... A winde to wil hem blewe.c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 170 Þey drowȝ to dynerward, as it drew to noon.1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) v. 23 The wounde that drue hym toward to dethe.1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 24 They drewe together.1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 84 Captain Watlin drew off his men.1759 F. Douglas Rural Love 8 Mess James affronted drew his pass.1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxi, in Temple Bar Aug. 24 He drew cartoons on wood.1988 D. Allison Trash 112 I drew another deep lungful of the sweet smoke.2007 Callaloo 30 887 The birds drew together like scheming old women at the market.

γ. late Middle English dreȝe. Only in MS Ashmole of Wars of Alexander (which elsewhere has droȝe: see Forms 2α. ). Probably by confusion with the past tense of dree v. (compare discussion at that entry).c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 3629 Cursoures þaim dreȝe.c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 5554 Þai dreȝe him vp to þe drye.

δ. English regional and U.S. regional 1800s– drawn. 1814 in Smith Coll. Stud. Hist. (1922) VII. 77 The War which they had commenced against that Government, which drawn on them a necessary scourge.1965–70 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (1991) II. at cited word (Qu. OO18b, Talking about drawing a plan: ‘I know that man —— [it]’.) Inf[ormant]s.., Drawn.

ε. U.S. regional 1900s– draw. 1953 E. B. Atwood Surv. Verb Forms Eastern U.S. 10 One Negro informant uses the uninflected draw.

b. Weak. late Middle English drawede, 1500s– drawed (now regional and nonstandard), 1800s draw'd (regional), 1900s– drewed (U.S. regional); English regional 1700s–1800s drade, 1800s draad, 1800s draa'd, 1800s draed, 1800s dra'ed, 1800s drayed. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 447 The spirit obeyenge not his adiuracion, he drawede owte his swerde, and..kytte hym into ij. partes.1578 W. Hunnis Hyue Full of Hunnye lxviii. f. 53^v So went she downe into the Well and drawed water there.1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent ii. 142 There was no..abuse which drawed not after it [etc.].1768 Ann. Reg. 1767 Characters 204/1 [He] wire-drawed the books of Moses into a complete system of natural philosophy.1807 J. R. Jewitt Jrnl. kept at Nootka Sound 20 They struck five whales, but their harpoons drawed, and they returned without having caught any.1942 Z. N. Hurston in Amer. Mercury July 87 I knowed you'd back up when I drawed my roll on you.2001 C. Chinn & S. Thorne Proper Brummie 80 'E drawed a picture of an 'orse for the competition, but it never won. 3. Past participle. a. Strong.

α. Old English gedragen, Old English (in compounds)–early Middle English dragen, early Middle English drage (in prefixed forms), early Middle English draȝhenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English hidraan, early Middle English idrahe, early Middle English idrahen, Middle English draȝe (in prefixed forms), Middle English draȝen, Middle English draghen, Middle English draghin, Middle English draue, Middle English drauen, Middle English drauhen, Middle English drauin, Middle English drauyn, Middle English drawe, Middle English drawȝ, Middle English drawin, Middle English drawun, Middle English drawyn, Middle English drouyn, Middle English drowen, Middle English edraue, Middle English idraȝe, Middle English idraȝen, Middle English idrawe, Middle English idrawen, Middle English idrawyn, Middle English idrow (in a late copy), Middle English jdrawe, Middle English ydraȝe, Middle English ydrawe, Middle English ydrawen, Middle English (1900s– U.S. regional) draw, Middle English–1500s draun, Middle English–1600s draune, Middle English–1600s drawen, Middle English–1600s drawne, Middle English– drawn, 1500s dravn, 1500s ydrawne, 1800s draan (English regional (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 drauin, pre-1700 draven, pre-1700 dravin, pre-1700 draving, pre-1700 dravn, pre-1700 draw, pre-1700 drawen, pre-1700 drawin, pre-1700 drawine, pre-1700 drawne, pre-1700 drawyn, pre-1700 ydraw, pre-1700 1700s– drawn, 1800s– draan; N.E.D. (1897) also records forms Middle English dragh, Middle English draghe. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens Old Eng. Glosses of MS Brussels, Royal Libr. 1650 (1974) 429 Traheretur : getogen uel gedragen.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7413 Þurrh þatt hord tatt oppnedd wass. & draȝhenn forþ..wass uss tacnedd tatt uss. Birrþ awwnenn godess lare.c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 319 Þe flurs þe beoð idrahe þron..ne tellen of hare euene, Nis na monnes speche.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 13 Ðis song is dragen On engleis speche.a1450 (c1375) G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite (Tanner 346) (1878) l. 70 The noble folke were to the townn ydrawe.1560 tr. Pope Pius II Hist. Ladye Lucres & Eurialus (new ed.) Envoy sig. *^v Thys boke in Englysh drawe was.1632 T. Hawkins tr. P. Matthieu Vnhappy Prosperitie ii. 229 Petrus Moronus, whom Charles had drawen from the Cell, to replenish the vacant See.1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxii. 330 Blood is drawn at several Periods.1874 ‘S. Gilpin’ Songs & Ballads Cumberland (ed. 2) 214 As I see her i' my mem'ry draan.1990 Times of India 14 July (Saturday section) 1/3 The war had drawn the teeth out of England's pace attack.2017 K. Shamsie Home Fire i. 9 The landlord had drawn attention to the skylight as a selling point.

β. Middle English drain, Middle English drayne; N.E.D. (1897) also records forms early Middle English dreien, Middle English drayn. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1575 Wiþ his swerd al drain.a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) l. 859 Vp hym sterte syr Gawayne..And ouyr the bord they haue hym drayne.

γ. late Middle English drawnen. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 96 And soo he was drawnen all quyck, and quartered in foure peces.

δ. U.S. regional 1900s– drew. 1969 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (online ed., accessed 3 Dec. 2019) (at cited word) The warp is drew in, and that's put in the loom.

b. Weak. late Middle English drawyd, late Middle English– drawed (now regional and nonstandard), 1800s–1900s draw'd (regional), 1900s– dra'd (Irish English (northern)); English regional 1800s dra'ad, 1800s draa'd, 1800s draaed, 1800s drade. c1440 Sir Degrevant (Thornton) (1949) l. 434 My perrkes are stroyed, And my veuers are drawed.?1504 W. Atkinson tr. Thomas à Kempis Ful Treat. Imytacyon Cryste (Pynson) iii. iii. sig. Gii My wordys..be nat to be aplyed ne drawed as vayne complacens.1658 A. Burgess Treat. Original Sinne ii. 197 Men have drawed nigh to God bodily, but their hearts have been farre from him.1725 G. Odingsells Bath Unmask'd iv. xiv. 77 When thou hast drawed thy Curtains close around thee.1860 J. P. Robson Bk. of Ruth ii. 9 The young cheps hes draw'd for the'.1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 83/2 Ayer drawed the water fer me bath yit?

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian drega, draga to carry, bear, bring (West Frisian drage), Old Dutch dragan to carry, bear, bring, to wear (Middle Dutch drāghen, drēghen, Dutch dragen, also ‘to suffer, endure’), Old Saxon dragan to carry, bear (Middle Low German drāgen, drēgen), Old High German tragan to carry, bear, bring, to wear, to own, to suffer, endure (Middle High German tragen, German tragen), Old Icelandic draga to pull, drag, to prolong, delay, to procure, get, to draw (a picture), (reflexive) to move, Old Swedish dragha to pull, drag, to delay, to carry, to wear, to endure, (reflexive) to move, go (Swedish draga, dra, now chiefly ‘to pull, drag’), Old Danish draghæ to pull, drag, to carry (Danish drage, also ‘to move, go’, now archaic or regional), Gothic dragan to carry, bring < a Germanic base of uncertain origin (see below). The original sense of the Germanic base was perhaps ‘to pull or drag (something heavy)’, from which developed the sense ‘to carry or bear (a burden)’. There is a marked semantic divergence between on the one hand Old English and North Germanic with the basic sense ‘to pull, drag’ (apparently reflecting the original sense), and on the other hand continental West Germanic and Gothic with the basic sense ‘to carry, bear’ (the presence of the latter sense in some Scandinavian languages is the result of Middle Low German influence).Ulterior etymology. The Germanic base has no clear relations within Germanic and no secure cognates in other Indo-European languages. A connection has been suggested with the Germanic base of trek v., and also with (among others) Latvian dragāt to destroy, to crush, Russian dërgat′ to pull, tug (see tar v.²) and doroga road, ancient Greek τρέχειν to run (see trechometer n.), and classical Latin trahere to pull, drag (see tract n.³), but most of these are now thought to be unrelated. In fact, all of the suggestions pose seemingly insurmountable phonological or semantic problems. An origin in a non-Indo-European substrate language is perhaps more likely. A similar non-Indo-European origin has also been proposed for classical Latin trahere , with which the word may after all be related at a substrate level. Form history: (i) present stem. In Old English a strong verb of Class VI. In common with other verbs of this class the stem vowel of the present stem originally exhibited alternation between æ and (retracted) a , depending on whether a front or back vowel stood in the following syllable. In West Saxon there was early levelling of a from the infinitive and plural present indicative to the rest of the present stem; the 2nd and 3rd singular present indicative show i-mutation (caused by the original i of the inflectional ending) of the levelled a to æ (compare 3rd singular present indicative drægð : see Forms 1bα. ). Later levelling of the mutated vowel from these forms throughout the present stem probably in part gave rise to the form drægan and its reflexes (see Forms 1aβ. ), no doubt further influenced by an unattested variant of the past participle with i-mutation (*drægen ), the likely antecedent of the Middle English forms at Forms 3aβ. (compare Old English slægen , past participle of slay v.¹). In some Mercian varieties and in Northumbrian the original alternation between æ and a in the present stem was preserved longer, and levelling was usually in favour of æ , hence providing another source for drægan and its reflexes. See A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §744, and compare the parallel development of doublet forms with stem vowel e in Old Frisian, Middle Dutch, and Middle Low German. Form history: (ii) past tense. The strong inflection is continued in later English, although occasional weak forms of the past tense and past participle are attested from the 15th cent. onwards and remain common in regional and nonstandard use (see Forms 2b, 3b). The modern inflectional pattern differs from that seen in other original Class VI verbs (such as shake , shook , shaken and take , took , taken ), complicated by the divergent development of Old English g (representing the voiced velar fricative /ɣ/). The latter was regularly vocalized to /w/ in Middle English, as in the infinitive drawe and the past participle drawen (see Forms 1aα. , 3aα. ), forming a new diphthong /ɑu/, which (after the operation of the Great Vowel Shift) developed into the modern standard pronunciation /ɔː/. In the past tense the development was more complex with different results in different dialects. In final position (i.e. in the 1st and 3rd singular form: Old English drōg ) the voiced fricative had become devoiced (to /x/) already by the end of the Old English period; in southern Middle English before this voiceless velar fricative Old English long close ō typically developed a back glide and was diphthongized ( /ou/) before subsequently being assimilated to /uː/ (compare Middle English drough ; post-Great Vowel Shift /ɑu/). By contrast, in the plural past tense form (Old English drōgon ) there was vocalization of the voiced velar fricative and formation of a new diphthong /ou/, which subsequently, depending on dialect, was either assimilated to /ɔu/ (compare Middle English drowe ; post-Great Vowel Shift /oː/) or to /uː/ (compare Middle English drou ; post-Great Vowel Shift /ɑu/); the contrasting past tense paradigm drough , drowe was naturally subject to levelling. In northern Middle English and Older Scots the development was quite different: Old English long close ō was fronted and raised to /yː/, and the subsequent development of a back glide before the voiceless velar fricative and vocalization of the voiced velar fricative resulted in a diphthong /yu/ (later, with first element unrounded, /iu/, and, with shift of stress, /juː/) yielding respectively (1st and 3rd singular) dreuch , (plural) drewe , and once again subject to levelling. All of the above and many similar forms are illustrated at Forms 2aα. and β. . Ultimately, it was the northern form drew that came to supply the standard past tense form (in both Scots and English; its use in midland and southern texts becoming more widespread from the late 14th cent.), apparently aided by assimilation to the inflectional pattern of original Class VII verbs of the type blow , blew , blown , probably earliest in northern Middle English and Older Scots, where these verbs retained their original ā in the present stem and past participle (blaw , blew , blawen ; so draw , drew , drawen ); compare e.g. the rhyme in quot. c1330 at Forms 2aβ. . Possible influence ofdree v. In early use sometimes confused with dree v. on account of its phonetic similarity, especially in the past tense (compare discussion at that entry). Use in the sense ‘to suffer’ (see sense 20) may perhaps be influenced by dree v., especially in early Middle English attestations (possible Scandinavian influence has also been suggested), although, as the sense is well attested for Germanic cognates of draw v., it is likely notwithstanding to be inherited. In Old English the sense is attested in Northumbrian in isolated use for prefixed ydraw v. (compare sense 2 at that entry). Specific senses. With sense 3 compare dray n.¹, dray-net n., and later draw-net n. With sense 26 compare classical Latin ducere , in the same sense (especially in mercantile language). With sense 28 compare classical Latin ducere , in the same sense (especially in military engineering). Earlier currency of sense 85e (and hence of branch VI.) is perhaps shown by the following example (in a description of the aureoles with which virgins are crowned in heaven, with flowers ‘drawn’ on them and gems in them); however, the precise nature of what is envisaged and the exact sense of draw in the quot. are equally unclear:c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 319 Þe flurs þe beoð idrahe þron, ne þe ȝimmies þrin, ne tellen of hare euene, Nis na monnes speche. Prefixed forms. In Old English the prefixed form gedragan ydraw v. is also attested, although it is considerably less common (it is attested earlier in sense 20); compare also adragan adraw v., and (Northumbrian) eftdraga , an element-by-element gloss of Latin recalcitrare to kick against, to be refractory (compare eft adv.), ūtdragan outdraw v.

I. To pull and related senses.

* Senses relating to physically pulling or dragging.

a. transitive. Esp. of a draught animal or engine: to cause (a plough, vehicle, etc.) to advance by pulling it; to pull (something) along.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by drawing along > draw along or haul [verb (transitive)]

drawOE

traila1500

tract1523

tow1933

OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Tiber. B.i) anno 1016 Hi ða dulfon ane mycle dic on suðhealfe & drogon hiora scypo on westhealfe þære bricge.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8704 Horrs off fir itt droȝhenn.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 154 (MED) Vr Cart he schal drawe, And fetten vr vitayles.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 11654 A waine..þat drauen was wid oxen tuin.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 3629 (MED) Ane instrument all of iren þare ymage to bere, Was compast on carte-wise & cursoures þaim dreȝe.

1504 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1504 §35. m. 25 Halyng or drawyng eny such trowe, bote or vessell.

1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 354 They [sc. oxen] drawe the plough, they furrowe the soyle.

1593 T. W. Tears of Fancie iv. sig. A3^v In her Coach ydrawne with siluer Doues.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 355/2. It is used for the Carriage of Timber,..drawn by the handle by two or more Men.

1793 W. Hodges Trav. India 5 A hackery is a small covered carriage upon two wheels, drawn by bullocks, and used generally for the female part of the family.

1830 Times 17 Sept. The Northumbrian locomotive engine, which had drawn the train of the Duke of Wellington.

1889 I. Taylor Origin Aryans 180 The Egyptians and the Hittites possessed war chariots drawn by horses.

1933 G. N. V. Thompson & J. H. Edgar Canad. Railway Devel. 247 An engine drawing a train of ballast trucks..steamed to the end of steel.

1973 R. Travers Murder in Blue Mountains ii. 14 The two men left Sydney on 13 August driving a red-wheeled wagonette drawn by two bay horses.

2014 Traverse City (Mich.) Record-Eagle 11 Apr. 3 a/5 The horse that was drawing the carriage became separated during the crash and ran home unharmed.

(a) intransitive. Esp. of a draught animal: to pull something, esp. a plough or a vehicle, along. Also in figurative contexts. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by drawing along > draw along or haul [verb (intransitive)]

drawa1398

travois1914

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. lxiv. 1213 A ȝong cow þat is able to be ȝoked to drawe atte plowe.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Friar's Tale (Hengwrt) (1872) l. 1560 This Cartere taketh his hors vp-on the croupe And they bigonne drawen and to stoupe.

c1450 (c1400) Cuckoo & Nightingale (Fairf.) (1975) l. 140 Myn entent is neyther for to dye, Ne, while I lyve, in loves yoke to drawe.

a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 425 (MED) Loke þat þes boþe be hooly & lyue in pouert..& ech of hem helpe mekely oþer as felowis drawinge in goddis ȝoc.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. xxvi. 7 Whan an vnlike pare of oxen must drawe together.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxv^v An Antlop drawyng in an horse mill.

1613 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. (rev. ed.) i. xxv. 79 They must..equally be directed, no otherwise then a couple of horses matched to draw in one selfe-same teeme.

1686 London Gaz. No. 2147/4 These three [horses] have all drawn.

1741 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman May i. 2 We are frequently obliged to draw with four, five, and six Horses, who find Work enough to manage an Acre and an Half in a Day in dry Seasons.

1794 G. Rennie et al. Gen. View Agric. W. Riding Yorks. 34 Even when horses draw abreast, the ploughs have all, more or less, of this crooked beam.

1804 Sydney Gaz. 18 Mar. 1 (advt.) Also a Bull that has been broke in to draw, and would be found a very useful animal.

1874 T. De W. Talmage Around Tea-table xlv. 266 The vehicle was slight and the road was good, but the horse refused to draw.

1960 G. E. Evans Horse in Furrow xxiv. 273 They used to teach the horses to draw by hitching them to a fork stuck deep into a muck-heap.

(b) intransitive. figurative and in figurative contexts. To work in pursuit of a common goal; to cooperate; to pull together. Also: to agree, to get on. Now rare (Scottish in later use). Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as known to correspondents in Fife, Lanarkshire, and Kirkcudbrightshire in 1940.See also to draw by one string at string n. 1m(a), to draw in a (or one) line at line n.² 13a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > be in agreement [verb (intransitive)]

accord1340

cordc1380

to be condescendedc1386

to be consentedc1386

consenta1400

intend1421

onec1450

drawc1480

to be of (also in) one (or a) mind?1496

agreea1513

gree?a1513

to draw by one string1558

conspire1579

to meet witha1586

conclude1586

condog1592

consign1600

centre1652

to be of (another's) mind1717

to go all the way (also the whole way) with1829

to sing the same song1846

c1480 (a1400) St. Martha l. 277 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 293 There cysteris drev wele in a lyne, þat þis endyt in a tyme.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Phil. ii. 2 That ye drawe one waye..being of one accorde.

1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. vii. sig. Iiii^v We drew both by one line.

a1563 J. Bale Brefe Comedy Iohan Baptystes in Harleian Misc. (1744) I. 109 Heare hym, beleue hym, drawe only after hys lyne. For he alone knoweth, my purpose towardes yow.

1584 Copie of Let. conc. Erle of Leycester 106 And how so euer thes two conioyned Earles, do seeme for the tyme to draw together, and to playe bootie.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. i. 66 Thinke euery bearded fellow, that's but yoak'd, May draw with you.

a1680 D. Holles Second Let. to Friend in D. Holles et al. Remains (1682) 74 Their Persons..would make but an ill accouplement, and they would never draw well together.

a1695 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. III (1696) 66 The Apostle calleth them Yoak-fellows, implying, that they ought to draw together, and mutually assist one another in their common Concerns and Interests.

1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals i. i Does she draw kindly with the Captain?

1803 A. Boswell Songs 7 Thegither frae this hour we'll draw, And toom the stoup atween us twa.

1894 D. S. Meldrum Margrédel (U.S. ed.) xii. 200 That was a topic we didna touch on, like,..else we micht ha' drawn better.

c. intransitive. With adverb or adverbial phrase: (of a plough or vehicle) to be able to be pulled along in a particular way. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1859 Country Gentleman (Albany, N.Y.) 27 Oct. 267/1 As to the ease to the man over the cast-iron plows, wherever a plow draws easily for the horses, the labor is less for the man.

1892 Field 19 Mar. 415/2 The Irish outside cars..draw lighter than an ordinary English cart.

1912 Southern Planter Feb. 136/1 It draws lighter than a moldboard plow doing the same work.

1939 W. L. River Banners in Asia i. xv. 225 The wheel on one of our carts was broken, it draws with difficulty.

1943 M. Kelsey Diary 8 Apr. in Victory Harvest (1997) 180 When the plough draws easily, as on Nunningham's sandy soil or Castle Farm's silt, I relax and enjoy my work.

2. transitive. To drag (a person tied behind a horse) about, as a punishment or a form of torture; (in later use) spec. to drag (a person tied behind a horse or on a wooden frame) to a place of execution, esp. as a punishment for high treason. Cf. to-draw v. 3b. Now historical.Sometimes, esp. when paired with hang, difficult to distinguish from sense 57a which refers to the punishment of disembowelling.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > drag to place of execution

drawOE

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 316 Nimað þisne scyldigan..and dragað hine niwelne his neb to eorðan geond ealle ðas stræt..and ofsleað hine syþþan.

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 383 (MED) He dede feche hors wel sket And teyed hem to her fet, And dede hem drawe on þe pauement And hong hem after.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 5975 First was he drawen for his felonie, & as a thefe þan slawen, on galwes hanged hie.

c1450 (c1425) Brut (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 366 Juged to be..laide vp-on an hirdille, & þan to be drawe þrouȝ þe cete of London to Tyborne.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 225 [Serle was] condempned to be drawe þorowoute the good townes of Ynglond, and aftir to be hangen and quartered at London.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 33 To be..drawen as a dog & to deth broght.

?a1556 Grey Friars Chron. anno 1444 in R. Howlett Monumenta Franciscana (1882) II. 172 Whanne they ware drawne they hade ther pardon alle and their lyffes.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 191 Because he came of the bloud royall..he was not drawne, but was set vpon an horse, and so brought to the place of execution, and there hanged.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (1830) IV. vi. 92 That the offender [in cases of high treason] be drawn to the gallows, and not be carried or walk.

1890 T. Cooper in Dict. National Biogr. XXI. 4/1 [Garnett] was sentenced to be drawn, hanged, disembowelled, and quartered.

1919 Jrnl. Criminal Law 10 531 By this time every convict who was to be drawn to the gallows had a ‘hurdle’ to ride on.

1991 Law & Hist. Rev. 9 5 Calnerd was condemned to be drawn to the gallows and hanged, the punishment traditionally reserved for convicted traitors.

3. transitive. To haul in (a fishing net). Also: to drag (a fishing net) alongside a boat.

ΚΠ

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xxi. 8 Trahentes rete piscium : drogun uel getugun ðara fisca segni.

a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 2193 (MED) Þe oþere disciples come by shipe him aȝe And drowe þat net myd ffisch.

c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Laud) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 355 (MED) Seynt Iames & seynt Ioou [read: Ioon] his broþere in a noþere boote drawynge here nettys wiþ Ȝebedee here fadere.

1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) John xxi. C They were not farre from londe, but as it were two hondred cubites, & they drewe the net with fysshes.

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 163 Your greedy slav'ring to devour..sprung the Game..Before y' had time to draw the Net.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Seal This is a very large Ring, wherein is represented St. Peter, drawing his Nets full of Fishes.

1893 Longman's Mag. June 120 The net is drawn.

1927 N.Y. Amsterdam News June 13/6 Fisherwomen..may be seen helping to draw the nets in the morning.

2012 Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 9 Oct. c2/1 You stay down where the fishermen draw their nets so you'd have food every day.

a. transitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to pull (something) in a specified direction.This use of draw in the general sense ‘to pull’ is now somewhat formal.In quot. OE with reference to a fishing net being pulled onto dry land; compare sense 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull

teea900

drawOE

tighta1000

towc1000

tirea1300

pullc1300

tugc1320

halea1393

tilla1400

tolla1400

pluckc1400

retract?a1475

hook1577

tew1600

hike1867

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xxi. 11 Ascendit Simon Petrus et traxit rete in terram plenam magnis piscibus : astag Simon Petrus & drog..þæt nett on eorðe full mið miclum fiscum uel of miclum fiscum.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15394 To draȝhenn hemm till helle grund.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 47 Me nom rapes and caste in to him fro to draȝen hine ut of þisse putte.

a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 192 Ðe hert..draȝeð ðe neddre of de [emended in ed. to ðe] ston.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Tobit vi. 4 Cach his fin, and draȝ it to thee.

c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 2566 The Babyloynes of his hors him drowe.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 971 (MED) He..toke sir Lyonell by the shuldirs and drew him strongely abacke frome sir Bors.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. 93 Draw your Sight-Vane a little lower down.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World vii. 165 Canoas..will not last long, especially if not drawn ashore often and tarred.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xiv. 380 It comes off by only drawing the Cane thro your hand.

1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 16 A Shark came up to him, and drew him under Water.

1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 163. ⁋1 He drew a Paper of Verses out of his Pocket.

1879 E. Dowden Southey iii. 71 To draw the pen across six hundred lines.

a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. xvi. 278 He drew a pad of blank forms toward him, wiped a pen on the mat.

1937 J. P. Marquand Late George Apley (1940) v. 48 He drew me out of my chair, dragged me before the class, and boxed my ears.

1997 Village Voice (N.Y.) 19 Aug. 59 [She] plunges the needle in, drawing it back slightly to make sure no blood enters the syringe.

b. transitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase. To move (a part of one's body) in a specified direction.

ΚΠ

?a1300 (c1250) Prov. Hendyng (Digby) xliii, in Anglia (1881) 4 199 Drau þin hond wel sone aȝein, If men doþ þe ani ounfein..So þe child..draweþ is hond..fro þe brond.

1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 78 Drawing our Hand with a sweetning motion over the head.

1668 Excellency of Pen & Pencil sig. E4 When the colour is dry in the shell, draw your finger over it.

1773 Scots Farmer 1 562 He drew his hand across the bottoms [of the sheaves], to open the pens of straw a little.

1893 T. R. R. Stebbing Hist. Crustacea vi. 64 A shill sort of stridulating noise such as a grasshopper makes by drawing the thighs of its hind legs over the salient nervures of its wing-cases.

1894 A. B. Gomme Trad. Games I. 71 This was danced by a boy stooping till he was nearly in a sitting posture on the ground, drawing one leg under him until its toe rested on the ground, and steadying himself by thrusting forward the other leg so that the heel rested on the ground... The thrust-out leg was drawn back and the drawn-in leg was shot out at the same time.

1956 A. Ginsberg Coll. Poems (1988) 157 I pressed in closer and drew my leg up between his.

2005 Independent on Sunday 6 Feb. 26/2 As the lights turned green he drew an index finger across his throat and sneered before the car roared off.

†c. intransitive. To pull or tug at something. Obsolete.See also to drug and draw at drug v.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (intransitive)] > pull

pullOE

tirea1300

drawc1300

halea1393

pluck?a1425

c1300 St. Lucy (Harl.) l. 105 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 569 Hi schoue & droȝe al þat hi miȝte.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4389 He drou, sco held, þe tassel brak.

1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 122 in Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. The Rope of its own accord doth pull or draw very hard, by reason of the Sea, so that if you should rowl it about your Hand, it would benumb your Hand... Two such Ropes draw as much as a Man's Strength.

1831 R. Shennan Tales, Songs, & Misc. Poems 40 We..saw twa men in dreadfu' fury, Pushing, drawing, striking, swearing.

d. intransitive. To be pulled or drawn in a particular way or direction; to be able to be pulled or drawn.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (intransitive)] > pull > be pulled

draw1635

haul1797

1635 F. Quarles Emblemes i. iv. 17 Thy Balance will not draw; thy Balance will not downe.

1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 187 That the String may draw tight upon the Work.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ii. 17 The Line in drawing after him chanc'd to kink, or grow entangled.

1867 L. Valentine Home Bk. Pleasure & Instr. 271 Pull away the silver paper, which will draw easily from under the braid.

1886 E. Randolph Mostly Fools I. x. 299 The rope drew taut and parted in the middle.

1907 Model Engineer & Electrician 17 Jan. 55/2 The surface of brass resists the scouring action of the moulding sand better than the white metals and also draws from the mould more freely.

2001 M. Doty Still Life with Oysters & Lemon 17 If you could see the notes of a cello, when the bow draws slowly and deeply across its strings.

e. transitive (reflexive). With adverb or other complement: to assume a particular position or posture, by straightening out or pulling in one's body or limbs. See also to draw up 9 at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > assume a posture [verb (reflexive)]

to compose oneself1606

draw1662

1662 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anatomy i. v. 9/2 If you cut a Muscle..it purses it self round and draws it self into it self like a ball.

1824 ‘T. E.’ Oriental Wanderings II. iii. 83 The Arab drew himself into a ferocious attitude.

1890 W. C. Russell Ocean Trag. I. vii. 141 Wilfrid..drew himself erect.

1922 S. Gordon Second Flowering xxvii. 270 Suddenly she stopped and drew herself taut.

1967 R. Sutcliff Outcast vi. 78 Beric drew himself to attention, making the obeisance that had become habit with him now.

1989 M. Hudson Our Grandmothers' Drums (1990) i. 9 The tall woman drew herself to her full height.

1993 S. Deshpande Binding Vine 98 I can see her drawing herself into a huddle each time someone entered.

f. transitive. To pull (a belt, string, etc.) so that it surrounds something more tightly. Frequently with tight.

ΚΠ

1687 Chirurgorum Comes vi. vii. 528/2 Then I drew the strings tight, and fastned them to the four pegs afore-mentioned.

1740 J. Sparrow tr. B. Saviard Observ. Surg. ix. 23 I took the waxed Thread..making the Surgeons Knot; but before I drew it tight, I ordered my Assistant to press the Bottom of the suspended Part..I..now drew the Knot as tight as I could, and made another upon it.

1847 A. M. Gilliam Trav. Mexico (new ed.) 255 The buckle of my belt was never disturbed, except to draw it tighter, when I was pinched with hunger.

1853 Maine Liquor Law Deb. 1852 9/2 We must there behold a government official necessarily in attendance to draw their corset-strings.

1915 Outing Sept. 671/2 A belt drawn tight enough to hold up much weight is not only uncomfortable but dangerous.

2018 Dominion Post (Wellington, N.Z.) (Nexis) 2 Jan. (Features section) 1 I drew my hood tighter, took a deep breath and exhaled.

a. transitive. To drag (something), esp. along or against the ground; spec. (of a person or animal) †to drag or trail (one's own entrails) along after being disembowelled (obsolete).In quot. OE² reflexive: to drag (oneself) along the ground. Cf. later sense 46.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > along a surface or behind

drawOE

harry1340

traila1380

traina1500

lag1530

strakec1530

entrain1568

drail1598

lurry1664

toboggan1886

schlep1911

OE Ælfric Homily: De Falsis Diis (Corpus Cambr. 178) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1968) II. 558 Man toheow þa sticmælum þone sceoccenan god, and mid langum rapum his lima toferode; his heafod hi drogon mid hospe geond þa burh.

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxv. 228 Þa ongan heo [sc. a disabled girl] hider & þider dragan hi selfe geond þa cyrican [L. huc illuc que per ecclesiae loca se trahere].

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 132 Ȝif þu wult ðet te holie rode stef beo þi scheld..ne drauh þu hit nout efter ðe, auh hef hit on heih.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 411 Þar fluwen haueden on felde..moni hond moni fot... Moni þusend þer flowen, þærmes heo droȝen.

c1300 St. Francis (Laud) l. 435 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 66 His lene bones he wolde drawe a-ȝein þe harde grounde, For-to make þe more is pine, and þe eorþe he custe al-so.

a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) l. 5120 Brayn and blood he schadde jnowȝ; Many an hors hys [i.e. its own] guttes drowȝ.

1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Fiv^v In battaile whiles he [sc. a horse] seketh victorie, dooeth oftentymes draw his guttis after hym.

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 2) 433 Foolish birds follow the kite in hope of a part of the expected prey, when she drawes her owne guts after her.

a1676 J. Dunton Remains (1684) 318 A roaring, ramping Lion draws along the Earth his Prey, and tears it, and pulls it.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 89 [Seals] throw their bodies forward, drawing their hinder-parts after them.

1889 T. D. Seymour First Six Bks. Homer's Iliad Commentary 176 Grief comes over her as she sees Hector's body drawn to the Greek camp after the chariot of Achilles.

2003 Irish Times (Nexis) 28 June 7 It is far more likely that his injuries were as a result of a road traffic accident involving a side-swipe from a projecting part of a vehicle, followed by being drawn along the ground for a short distance.

†b. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to be dragged along; to drag. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1643 J. Lightfoot Handfull Gleanings Exod. 52 This coate was not so long as the under coate, for then the Bells would have drawne on the ground, and would not have beene heard.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 141 He..puts on a white shirt that drawes on the ground, like persons doing penance with us.

1833 Sportsman's Cabinet Oct. 371/1 The poachers have improved their system of depredation:..five of them carry the net expanded, with a few pieces of lead drawing on the ground for the purpose of disturbing the sleeping covey.

1903 Dublin Penny Jrnl. 26 Dec. 615/1 Stooping over, the big skipper picked me up in his arms. With my splinted leg drawing along behind, up we went through the narrow companionway to the deck.

1918 Everybody's Mag. July 103/1 At his last mad taunt she had stayed her footsteps, and halting, poised on one foot, the other lightly drawing behind her, without looking at him she had listened to him.

6. transitive. Of an archer: to pull back (an arrow or the string of a bow) before releasing the arrow; to bend (a bow) by pulling back the string. Also intransitive.See also to draw the long bow at longbow n. Phrases.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > use of bow and arrow > shoot (arrow) [verb (transitive)] > draw (bow)

drawc1275

twang1600

updraw1600

span1878

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 163 Þat iherde his kun..þat he þe flo heuede idrawen & his fader of-slawen.

?1316 Short Metrical Chron. (Royal) (2002) l. 932 Water Tyrel þe arewe droh Ant þe king þermide he sloh.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 174 Þe more þet he draȝt his boȝe: þe harder he smit.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 4341 Archers drowe.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 1067 Alexander..him a narawe hent, Droȝe [a1500 Trin. Dublin Drogh], & at þe first draȝte him dreped.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 2 (MED) Þe knyȝt sawe him begynne forto drawe his bowe.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xix The Englishmen y^t..might eyther stand or drawe a bowe.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. vi. 69 Draw archers draw your arrowes to the head.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings xxii. 34 A certaine man drew a bow at a venture.

1791 M. A. Meilan Holy Writ Familiarized 352 A soldier in the king of Syria's army, drew a bow at hazard, as the expression is, and wounded him between the platings of his harness.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. ii. 173 He drew with ease as strong a bow as was borne by any yeoman of his guard.

1997 P. Paret Imagined Battles 24 Their crossbows are shorter than those painted by Uccello, but the method of drawing the bowstring is the same.

2005 J. Donohue Deshi xii. 111 She raised the bow, drew the arrow, and held it.

7. transitive. To hoist (a sail). Frequently in to draw sail. Now rare.

ΚΠ

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14461 Seil heo droȝen to hune.

c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 671 He heþte handli cables, seyles drawe to toppe.

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 1563 And drow his sayl & saw hym neuere mo.

a1500 (?a1425) Ipomedon (Harl.) (1889) 313 (MED) When she saw þey come so fast..Þis lady bad draw sayle & flee.

1872 J. Payne Songs Life & Death 253 But they..drew sail And came to where the amber-polished lip Of the gold shore grew pale.

1991 B. Cazelles tr. Paula in Lady as Saint 279 The mariners check The stars, draw the sails, Pull out, and the ships depart.

8. transitive. To pull or tear (a person, a person's limbs, etc.) apart, esp. as a punishment or a form of torture. Now only with complement, as in pieces, asunder. Cf. to-draw v. 1b.Chiefly with reference to the practice of killing a person by tying his or her limbs to horses which are then sent in different directions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (transitive)] > tear apart

to-loukc890

to-braidc893

to-tearc893

to-teec893

to-rendc950

to-breakc1200

to-tugc1220

to-lima1225

rivea1250

to-drawa1250

to-tosea1250

drawa1300

rendc1300

to-rit13..

to-rivec1300

to-tusec1300

rakea1325

renta1325

to-pullc1330

to-tightc1330

tirec1374

halea1398

lacerate?a1425

to-renta1425

yryve1426

raga1450

to pull to (or in) piecesc1450

ravec1450

discerp1483

pluck1526

rip1530

decerp1531

rift1534

dilaniate1535

rochec1540

rack1549

teasea1550

berend1577

distract1585

ream1587

distrain1590

unrive1592

unseam1592

outrive1598

divulse1602

dilacerate1604

harrow1604

tatter1608

mammocka1616

uprentc1620

divell1628

divellicate1638

seam-rend1647

proscind1659

skail1768

screeda1785

spret1832

to tear to shreds1837

ribbon1897

a1300 Vision St. Paul (Jesus Oxf.) l. 146 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 151 Þer beoþ wimmen and wapmen..Þat feondes dreyeþ al a two.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 1682 (MED) With bestys wilde first to do þe drawe.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 96 Reynawde..made Hernyer to be bound hys foure membres..to foure horses taylles, And soo he was drawnen all quyck, and quartered in foure peces.

a1500 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Adv.) (1810) l. 173 He seyd, the howndes schuld the flesch drawe.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 349 They had rather suffre their lymmes to be drawen in peces.

1607 T. Jackson tr. G. Powel De Adiaphoris iii. 123 A man being drawen asunder into parts, ceaseth to be a man.

1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 902 He was condemned to be drawn asunder by Horses.

1700 Fryke's Voy. E. Ind. 276 To be drawn in pieces with Elephants.

1798 J. O'Keeffe Alfred i. i, in Dramatic Wks. IV. 198 Stop—Is the poor creature to be drawn to pieces between two wild asses?

1825 Methodist Mag. Sept. 364/1 One [hell] consists of hills stuck full of knives..; in another the victim is drawn into pieces.

1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee xxx. 387 I? I would be drawn asunder by wild horses first.

1954 Far Eastern Q. 13 295 He threatened to draw asunder anyone who failed to use in official documents the adjective ‘Heavenly’ to describe his brothers, the King, the army and so forth.

1988 D. Bellos tr. G. Perec W xxxi. 141 An athlete is about to be drawn asunder by four horses, but in actual fact the horses are pulling not on the athlete's limbs but on four steel cables.

a. transitive. To convey or carry (a load) in a vehicle; to cart; to haul. Now regional.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport of goods in a vehicle > transport goods in vehicle [verb (transitive)]

drawc1300

freight1540

consign1653

run1701

haul1741

ship1857

travois1908

c1300 St. James Great (Laud) l. 185 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 39 Huy drowen þat bodi so mildeliche.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. l. 275 To drawe a-feld my donge.

1460 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 306 (MED) All carterys and carmen that usyth to drawe dung out of the towne.

1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Biiij Two strengthles doues will draw me through the skie.

1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 256 They draw all their heavy Goods here on Sleds, or Sledges.

1798 W. Cowper Poems: On Receipt Mother's Picture 5 Where the gard'ner Robin..Drew me to school along the public way, Delighted with my bauble coach.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 137/1 A pair of such horses will draw a load in a cart sixteen miles and return.

1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 282 The farmers generally draw the hay and coals for the cottagers.

1996 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald Jrnl. 11 Sept. b2/5 Those..strangers who honk their car horns at him when he's drawing a load of manure on Morgan Road.

2014 G. C. Ó Catháin & P. Ahern Loneliest Boy in World vii. 177 Most days I set off with a donkey and cart to draw turf from An Maoilinn and from Páirc Ghiarra.

†b. transitive. To use (an animal) to pull a plough or vehicle; to use (an animal) for draught. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1679 London Gaz. No. 1423/4 One brown bay Gelding..trots all, and hath been much drawn.

1721 London Gaz. No. 5996/10 A grey Nag, used to be drawn.

1770 C. Varlo New Syst. Husbandry III. vi. 113 They plough with four horses double, and a good many of them draw oxen.

1810 R. Parkinson Treat. Breeding & Managem. Live Stock I. p. iii As we were in the habit of drawing oxen, they continued growing till the time they were sent to market.

10.

a. transitive. To pull (a curtain or blind) open or closed.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, conceal [verb (transitive)] > by drawing curtain

drawc1330

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > uncover or remove covering from [verb (transitive)] > uncover and expose > remove (a covering cloth, etc.)

drawc1330

undraw1677

withdraw1797

c1330 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Auch.) (1966) l. 529 To on bedde ȝhe haþ hem ibrowt... And Clarice drowȝ þe courtyn roum.

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 182 The curteyns let draw þem þe bed round about; se his morter with wax or perchere þat it go not owt.

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xiiii I drawe the curtyns to shewe my bokes then.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. i. 72 Such a man, so faint, so spirritlesse..Drew Priams curtaine in the dead of night.

1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. xxv. 36 When the curtens were drawne, all the people might see it.

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xii. 149 In a room with all the window-curtains drawn.

1891 Longman's Mag. Dec. 167 The sun had gone down, but the blinds had not been drawn.

1941 N. M. Gunn Silver Darlings xxi. 464 When it seemed his footsteps were gone from the night she drew the window-blind.

2010 Mercury (S. Africa) (Nexis) 21 May 8 When you get home, lock your doors, draw the curtains and disconnect the phone so you will not be disturbed.

b. intransitive. Of a curtain: to be pulled open or closed so as to reveal or conceal something; to be drawn.

ΚΠ

1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido i. sig. A2 (stage direct.) Here the Curtaines draw, there is discouered Iupiter dandling Ganimed vpon his knee, and Mercury lying asleepe.

1692 R. Howard Surprisal iii, in Five New Plays 20 (stage direct.) As soon as the Masque begins the Curtain draws, and Emilia appears.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 240. ⁋3 Getting into one of the Side-boxes on the Stage before the Curtain drew.

1894 Cornhill Mag. July 38 I remember a carriage..with curtains that drew in front of it.

1962 PMLA 77 224/1 The curtain draws to show Punch.

2017 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 18 Dec. 36 Before the curtain draws for the final time I've got to look into the faces of the people who put me here in the first place.

11. transitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to move (a person) away from a group of people in order to talk privately. Chiefly with aside, to one side (cf. side n.¹ Phrases 1h(c)). Cf. sense 48c.

ΚΠ

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 260 As Charlys was in his greuance stondyng among his feren, & counsailede with þe grete of fraunce..Roland drow him a-side þare.

?a1518 H. Watson Ualentyne & Orson (1555) xi. sig. I.ii^v Ualentyne toke y^e preest and drewe hym asyde. And whan they were togyder Ualentyne sayd vnto hym [etc.].

1634 G. Baker tr. A. Paré Apol. in T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xxix. 1166 The Prince..drew me to one side, and askt me if the wound was mortall.

1786 tr. in Edinb. Mag. Nov. 296/2 The next day, at the King's levee, the minister drew me into a corner, and whispered me that his Majesty had now recollected my name and my services.

1870 E. Peacock Ralf Skirlaugh III. 95 Drawing her father aside for an instant.

2012 Guardian 27 July 4/2 Some of the assembled leaders will be discreetly drawn aside for a brief encounter with David Cameron.

12. transitive. To pull up (a drawbridge). Now rare.to draw up is now the more common expression in this context (see, e.g., quot. 1869 for to draw up 1a at Phrasal verbs 1).

ΚΠ

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 1205 (MED) Her drawebrigge hij drowen whate And shetten fast her gate.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 326 The gate was shut and the bridge drawen.

1646 W. Jenkyn Reformation's Remora 27 The bridge of mercy will ere long be drawn.

1678 M. D. tr. J. M. Wansleben Present State Egypt 184 They then draw the Bridge, and beat them off with Stones from the Plat-form.

1823 P. Donaldson Hist. William Wallace 28 Wallace and his men..seized the castle, shut the gate, drew the bridge, and permitted no one to go out or come in.

2006 G. Diedrichs Earthquake Shack xxxv. 245 Secure as a castle with its drawbridge drawn high and its ramparts impregnable.

†13. intransitive. Of a hawk: to build its nest. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. aij We shall say that howkys doon draw when they bere tymbering to their nestes, and nott they beld ne make ther nestes.

14. transitive. To pull out (a latch or bolt) in order to unlock or open a door, gate, etc. Also: to push in (a bolt) in order to lock or close a door, gate, etc.See also to draw a sneck at sneck n.¹ 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > a door, gate, etc. > unlock, unbolt, etc. > draw (a bolt)

drawa1500

slot1695

undraw1791

unslip1892

shoot1894

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 139 I may thole the dray the snek. A, com in, my swetyng!

1510–13 Mery Geste of Frere & Boye sig. A.vii Some lepte ouer the hatche They had no tyme to drawe [a1475 Brogyntyn seche] the latche.

1685 Hist. Nicerotis 19 If the Boatmen were not ready, as soon the Bolt was drawn, to set their hands to it, and take it down.

1729 G. Jacob New Law-dict. O1/2 If a Thief unlocks a Door, or draws the Latch of a Room, to rob..these are a Breaking.

1857 Ballou's Dollar Monthly Mag. Feb. 109/2 The wife closed the door behind them and drew the bolt.

1869 W. Longman Hist. Edward III I. xvii. 318 He then drew the bolt, the door was opened.

1967 J. Singer & E. Gottleib tr. I. B. Singer Manor iii. xxviii. 425 She drew the bolt, unfastened the chain, and swung open the door.

2012 Dominion Post (Wellington, N.Z.) (Nexis) 29 Oct. 9 Moments later the sheriff raised a piece of folded white paper, the signal for the hangman to draw the bolt.

†15. transitive. To sew together (two edges of a tear); to mend (a hole or tear in a garment). Cf. to draw up 3 at Phrasal verbs 1, fine-draw v. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > mend fabric or clothing

to make againc1384

stop1480

draw1592

darnc1600

to draw up1603

fine-draw1665

plain-darn1880

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > sew > repair or mend

draw1592

darnc1600

to draw up1603

ranter1607

fine-draw1665

clobber1851

plain-darn1880

1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. G^v Haue they not a drawer..to drawe and seame vp the holes so cunningly that it shall neuer be espied?

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Rentraire,..also, to draw, dearne, or sow vp a rent in a garment.

1682 A. Marsh Ten Pleasures of Marriage ix. 164 To have a hole finely drawn that she had torn in her Petti-coat.

16. transitive. To pull out (an organ stop) by means of a stop-knob, lever, button, etc., in order to actuate a rank of pipes. Cf. draw stop n. at draw- comb. form 2.

ΚΠ

1746 W. Tans'ur New Musical Gram. v. 63 By drawing several Registers, various Rows of Pipes are opened.

1851 W. Schneider Pract. Organ School xiv. 12/1 In drawing the stops, take them in the following order:..Open Diapason..Stopped Ditto [etc.].

1881 Scribner's Monthly Feb. 583/2 If we bring on the full power of a great organ,—that is, draw all the so-called ‘stops’,—what do we hear?

1962 W. L. Sumner Organ (ed. 3) 373 The organist should draw the minimum number of stops to secure the effect which he wants.

1970 Musical Times Oct. 1011/1 When Mr Talsma does not draw too many stops, the organ sounds are fascinating.

17. transitive. Weaving. To insert (the threads of the warp) into the eyes of the heddles in the correct order, parallel to each other.

ΚΠ

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xvi. 185 This [warp] being wound on a beam or roller, in the loom, the threads are drawn through a harness, consisting of loops formed by twine fixed to bars or frames.

1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 734/1 The warp..is drawn through the reed by an instrument called a sley or reed hook.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 979 [Textile Fabrics] As the operation of introducing the warp into any number of leaves [of heddles] is called drawing a warp, the plan of succession is called the ‘draught’.

1947 Study Agric. & Econ. Problems Cotton Belt: Hearings before Special Subcomm. Comm. Agric. House of Representatives (80th Congr., 1st Sess.) 143 Each individual warp thread must be drawn through a drop wire, through a harness eye or heddle, and through a slot in the reed known as a dent.

1982 P. R. Lord & M. H. Mohamed Weaving (1992) vii. 127 Drawing-in... This is the process of drawing every warp end through its drop wire, heddle eye and reed dent.

2004 E. G. Gilligan Woollen & Worsted Woven Fabric Design 54 In the drawing operation each individual warp end is drawn through the metal eye of a heald on any one of a number of shafts, in a predetermined order.

** Extended, abstract, or figurative uses in which there is no action of physically taking hold and pulling.

18. transitive. To cause (a person or thing) to go from one place or position to another; to cause (someone or something) to go from one state or condition to another. Frequently in to draw (something) into: to cause (something) to become a part of. Now rare.See also to draw in(to) consequence at consequence n. 1b, to draw into memory at memory n. 2a.In quot. OE in the legal phrase to draw to hand to take possession of (land, property, etc.).

ΚΠ

OE Writ of Edward the Confessor, Bury St. Edmunds (Sawyer 1084) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 164 Gyf ænig mann sy þæt wylle ænig þæra socna him to handa drægen.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1127 Swa drane doð on hiue: eall þet þa beon dragen toward, swa frett þa drane & dragað fraward; swa dide he.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10392 Ne nohht ne draȝhe icc upp onn me. To beon bridgume.

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 2934 Antor..drouȝ Arthour to chirche swiþe And seyd to him priueliche þo [etc.].

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) Prol. l. 93 (MED) If I schal drawe in to my mynde The tyme passed.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 699 Lorde, þy seruaunt draȝ neuer to dome.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) §165 To..drawen in to memorie the goode werkes.

1425 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1425 §12. m. 3 And so þes cases be not like, ne aught not to be drawe into ensample... So hit semeth þis matier ne oughte to be drawen into ensample.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 628 He in bowrch hys landis drewch.

1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) v. 23 The wounde that drue hym toward to dethe.

c1591 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) xxiii. 78 Grosse practises..to drawe the wealth of the land into his treasurie.

1608 Dispute Question of Kneeling 73 Kneeling..was not drawne into allowance and practise in the Church.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 90 Hee alters his intent, and drawes his forces against Rantas.

1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 853 With a Saving Clause, that it should not be drawn into Example.

1832 W. Irving Alhambra II. 22 He hastened to draw him from the seductions of the garden.

1967 G. Vidal Washington, D.C. iii. i. 91 It was Nillson who drew Clay to the fire.

†19. transitive. To turn or direct (one's own heart, thought, speech, etc.) in a particular direction, to a particular object, etc. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) 16834 Þeȝȝ droȝhenn þeȝȝre spell Towarrd erþliȝ biȝæte.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 7556 Ȝif toward edgar aþeling eni is herte drou..him huld þo stille ynou.

a1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) i. 161 (MED) Dowtyr, I haue drawe þe lofe of þin hert fro alle mennys hertys in-to myn hert.

1676 tr. L. de Blois Mirrour for Monkes vi. 126 If he often persist by this meanes to drawe his heart to the love of God,..he may be able to separate himselfe from creatures.

†20. transitive. To endure, undergo (pain, suffering, etc.). Cf. dree v. 2a. Obsolete.In quots. chiefly with reference to Christ's suffering.Quot. OE shows comparable use of ydraw v.; compare discussion in the etymology section.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [verb (transitive)] > of Christ: suffer

drawc1225

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. ix. 20 Mulier quae sanguinis fluxum patiebatur duodecim annis : wif ðiu blodes flouing uel iorning geðolade uel gedrog tuelf uinter uel tuelf ger.]

c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) l. 358 Oþe pine ant tedeð þet he droh for mon.

c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 690 Teonen ant tintreohen þe alre meast derue þet ei deadlich flesch mahe drehen ant drahen.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 108 For þe luue of him þe droch [a1250 Nero dreih] mare for þe.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16989 Þe pine he for me drou [Gött. dregh].

†21. transitive. With to. To change or convert (a thing) into something else; e.g. to exchange (goods) for money, to formalize (custom) as law. Also: to cause (a person or thing) to become something specified or have a given status; to make into something. Obsolete.Quot. ?a1400 could alternatively be interpreted as showing a use of sense 32b, but it seems more likely to belong here.

ΚΠ

?c1225 Ancrene Riwle (Cleo.: Scribe B) (1972) 308 Wummon..schal wrihen hir[e] heauet. wrihen..naut wimplin. wrihen ha schal hire scheome..& naut drah[e] þet wriheles te tiffung & te prude.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 705 Al he solde..That he eure selle moucte, And al he to þe peni drou.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 9652 Þe king drou to riȝte lawe mani luþer costome.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 13481 He..His wife tille his hore gon drawe.

1655 R. Turner tr. Paracelsus Supreme Myst. Nature ii. v. 18 Somtimes the Glass appeareth as if it were almost drawn into Gold.

†22. transitive. With on, upon, to. To summon and use (courage, strength, etc.) for oneself. Also (in negative sense): to conceive or give oneself over to (a thought, wickedness, etc.). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7380 Þa weoren inn Bruttene Bruttes swiðe balde: heo droȝen on heom muchel mod, & duden al þat heom þuhte god.

a1425 (?a1400) Cloud of Unknowing (Harl. 674) (1944) 37 (MED) Ȝif þis þouȝt þat þou þus drawest apon þee or elles resceyuest..& þat þou restest þee þus in wiþ delite..þan it is Pride.

c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 29 (MED) I drow to me þe myght of my corage.

?1555 T. Paynell tr. J. L. Vives Office of Husband sig. x.i^v He that is of a noble nature & courage doeth take & drawe strength vnto him.

1578 W. Hopkinson in tr. T. de Bèze Euident Display Popish Pract. 107 The wickednesse whyche by hys [sc. man's] defection hee hathe drawen to hymself.

1615 R. Brathwait Loves Labyrinth 77 in Strappado Thysbe address'd to die, yet long in dying, Draws courage to her, & that blade espying.., Takes it into her hand.

†23. transitive. To render (a text) into another language or style of writing; to translate. Chiefly with into. Obsolete (archaic in later use).See also to draw out 2b at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)]

setc888

wendeOE

turnc1175

writec1275

drawa1325

translatea1375

expound1377

takea1382

interpret1382

transpose1390

remue?a1400

renderc1400

put?a1425

to draw outa1450

reducec1450

compile1483

redige?1517

make1529

traducea1533

traduct1534

converta1538

do1561

to set out1597

transcribe1639

throw1652

metaphrase1868

versionize1874

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 13 Ut of latin ðis song is dragen On engleis speche.

a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 32 (MED) In-til englishe þus I draw hit.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) 1st Prol. 2 I haue drawen youre legende and all youre seruyce in to Englyshe.

1554 in Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Fourth Bk. Aeneas (title page) The fourth Boke of Virgill..translated into Englishe, and drawen into straunge metre.

1570 G. Fenton (title) A Discourse of Ciuile warres..in Fraunce, drawne into Englishe.

1879 T. F. Simmons Lay Folks Mass Bk. 332 In the middle of the fifteenth century we find a Lollard complaining that the gospels drawn into English by worshipful Bede were ‘in many places of so old englishe that scant can anye englishe man reade them’.

1926 G. R. Woodward (title) A certain of Æsop's Fables. Drawn into English verse by the Reverend G. R. Woodward.

†24.

a. transitive. To appeal to (something) for confirmation; to call upon as an authority or precedent; to produce as evidence. With to, as in to draw something to witness, to draw something to warrant (see warrant n.¹ 5a). Cf. to draw forth 1b at Phrasal verbs 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > bring forward as evidence

to draw forthc1175

showa1325

drawc1330

allaya1387

to avouch a thing upon (a person)1393

allegea1398

adduce?a1425

induce1433

recite1509

infera1529

vouch1531

cite1550

avouch1573

relate1604

instance1608

rejourn1624

quote1663

abduce1720

invoke1879

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1539 Ȝif he durst fiȝt..He wold proue it anouȝ..To his waraunt he drouȝ His schippe and al his pride.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14651 Him drau i me to mi warand.

?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. pr. iii. l. 191 Eueryche of hem wolde drawen to þe defence of his oppinioun þe wordes of socrates.

a1450 York Plays (1885) 388 (MED) Sen þe liste allegge þe lawes, Þou schalte be atteynted..For þo þat þou to wittenesse drawes, Full even agaynste þe will be-gynne.

1532 Romaunt Rose in Wks. G. Chaucer f. cxxviii/1 This maye I drawe to warraunt An authour, that hight Macrobes.

c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. 85 To witnes dar I draw Venus.

b. transitive. To assign a particular meaning or intention to (words, a statement, etc.); esp. to distort or misrepresent the meaning of (words). Typically with a prepositional phrase introduced by to, specifying the imputed meaning or intention. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > pervert or distort [verb (transitive)]

crooka1340

deprave1382

pervertc1390

strainc1449

drawc1450

miswrest?a1475

bewrya1522

wry?1521

to make a Welshman's hose ofa1529

writhea1533

wrest1533

invert1534

wring?1541

depravate1548

rack1548

violent1549

wrench1549

train1551

wreathe1556

throw1558

detorta1575

shuffle1589

wriggle1593

distortc1595

to put, set, place, etc. on the rack1599

twine1600

wire-draw1610

monstrify1617

screw1628

corrupt1630

gloss1638

torture1648

force1662

vex1678

refract1700

warp1717

to put a force upon1729

twist1821

ply1988

c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 25 (MED) The epicurus and þe stoycienus..drew his wordes to þaire entencioun Of þeire opinatiue felicite.

1554 Bp. T. Watson Twoo Notable Serm. ii. sig. Pv^v Some haue drawen it to y^e spirituall inwarde sacrifices of good mens harts: but in y^e vnderstanding thei be ouerthrowen, for the place speaketh precisely of one sacrifice.

1629 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. (ed. 5) xxxvii. sig. H1 Whatsoeuer you speak, he will draw to bawdry.

1678 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. (ed. 2) 162 Ione's as good as my Lady in the dark, Λύχνου ἀρθέντος γυνή πᾶσα ἡ αὐτὴ, Erasmus draws this to another sense, viz. There is no woman chast where there is no witness: but I think he mistakes the intent of it, which is the same with ours.

1710 J. Swift Tale of Tub (ed. 5) Apol. sig. A5 Passages which prejudiced or ignorant Readers have drawn by great Force to hint at ill Meanings.

1742 L. Brown tr. J. B. Bossuet Hist. Variations Protestant Churches I. viii. 399 Calvin, drawing to his own sense the words, by which Melancthon separated the Bread from the Body of our Lord.

c. transitive. To attribute (something) to a person or thing. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > attribution or assignment of cause > assign to a cause [verb (transitive)]

titleOE

aretc1340

witena1375

witnea1375

reta1382

depute1382

wite1382

seta1387

layc1425

expoundc1430

imputec1480

attribue1481

assign1489

reckon1526

attribute1530

count1535

allot?1556

draw1578

object1613

prefer1628

entitle1629

implya1641

to score (something) on1645

intitule1651

put1722

to put down1723

charge1737

own1740

place1802

to set down1822

affiliate1823

1578 T. Tymme tr. J. Calvin Comm. Genesis 177 Paul draweth the same to all mortal men in all ages.

1591 H. Smith Pride Nabuchadnezzar 14 This is our manner, to attribute all to our selues, whatsoeuer it bee, riches, or honors, or helth, or knowledg, as if all came by labour, or pollicie, or art, or nature: if we cannot drawe it to one of these, then we thinke it fortune.

25.

a. transitive. To cause (a part of the body) to shrink or contract; to pull (the mouth, face, etc.) out of shape; to distort. Now somewhat rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > contract or shrink

inknitc1374

drawc1390

shrinka1398

strain1398

to shorten up1530

contrahe1540

to gather up1553

to draw in1572

contract1604

constringe1652

purse1668

constrain1697

undistend1868

collapse1908

the world > space > shape > misshapenness > put out of shape [verb (transitive)] > distort > by pulling

drawc1390

c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Vernon) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 360 (MED) For þe peyne..al þe bodi drouȝ þer-touward.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 99 Þe crampe..in þe which sijknes cordis & þe senewis weren drawen to her bigynnynge.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1074 So þat þe synnes in his ham..was drawen samen.

1570 T. Preston Lament. from Rome (single sheet) Poll nose rube eye, Grash the teth drawe mouth awrye.

a1691 R. Boyle Gen. Hist. Air (1692) 82 His mouth was so drawn awry, that 'twas hideous to behold.

1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal ii. ii. 19 She draws her mouth till it resembles the apperture of a poor-box.

1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia I. iii. 55 Hardly daring to draw a wry face at any thing offered them.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vii. 148 With all their foreheads drawn in Roman scowls.

1892 Cassell's Family Mag. Apr. 279/1 Artificial teeth..are apt to draw the mouth.

1952 M. Tripp Faith is Windsock i. 19 Even in 1939—he was sixteen then—a faint uneasiness had drawn his stomach.

2008 V. Morris Our Lady of Pain (2015) (e-book, accessed 23 Apr. 2019) xxvii The cold drew his nipples to tiny dots.

b. intransitive. To shrink or contract. Now somewhat rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > become reduced in size or extent [verb (intransitive)] > contract or shrink

shrimc1000

shrinkc1275

to draw togethera1398

gather1577

coact1578

to fall together1583

draw1615

contract1648

to run up1838

to take up1860

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια vi. iv. 351 Because euery Muscle drawes according to the course of his Fibres, therefore least the ribs in their oblique motion should ioyn close together, the intercostal Muscles..are framed double..that with their contrary fibres they might intersect themselues.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §34 I haue not yet found certainly, that the Water it selfe..will shrinke or draw into lesse Roome.

a1922 T. S. Eliot Waste Land Drafts (1971) 107 Her hands behind her hair And the firelight shining where the muscles drew.

1978 A. J. Offutt & R. K. Lyon Demon in Mirror vi. 62 The man's dyed skin drew and wrinkled above and below the grip of dead fingers.

26. transitive. Mathematics. To subject (a number) to any of various arithmetical operations; esp. †to add (to, together) (obsolete); †to subtract (out of) (obsolete); †to multiply (into, in); to extract (with out) (the factor or root of a number) (now rare).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > add or sum

suma1387

drawc1392

to lay togethera1400

add?c1425

foot1491

confer1552

to add up1611

total1716

sum1740

tot1770

to run up1830

summate1880

the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > subtract

to do awayOE

drawc1392

to take out of ——a1398

to take offa1400

withdrawc1400

subtray?c1425

ydraw?c1425

surtretec1440

to take away?1537

rebate1543

subtract1543

subduct?1556

substra?1558

pull?a1560

subduce?a1560

substract1559

to pull back?1574

difference1658

take1798

minus1963

the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > multiply

multiplya1400

leadc1430

to multiply into1542

augment?a1560

draw1660

multiply1709

multiplicate1947

times1962

c1392 Equatorie of Planetis 44 (MED) I say wel þt I myht nat drawe 20 degres owt of 8 degres ne 42 minutis owt of 13 mia.

?c1425 Crafte Nombrynge in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 20 (MED) Drav þat 1 to 6..& þat 1 & þat 6 togedur wel be 7.

c1450 Art Nombryng in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 46 (MED) Me shalle se..what it is to draw out the rote of a nombre.

1552 R. Record Ground of Artes (rev. ed.) i. sig. Eiiij Then come I to the fourth place and draw 7 out of 8, and there remaineth 1.

1647 R. Wood tr. W. Oughtred Key Math. 123 If the Side 15 multiplied Quadrato-quadraticly, be drawn into 25.

1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 29 Draw 3 into 4, there will be produced 12.

1702 V. Mandey tr. J. J. Hainlin Synopsis Mathematica: Theoret. Arithm. i. 13 Two Numbers given, to multiply one by the other, or to draw one into the other [L. vel unum in alterum ducere].

1811 C. Hutton Course Math. II. 291 The fluxion of..the continual product of four..quantities..consisting of the fluxion of each quantity, drawn into the products of the other three.

1847 D. O'Gorman New & Expeditious Method for Extracting Square Root (ed. 2) 108 Place the root thus found drawn into the index of the power beneath.

1948 O. Ore Number Theory & Hist. (1988) iv. 51 If n₁ is composite, one can draw out a further prime factor n₁=p₂n₂, and this process can be continued with the decreasing numbers n₁, n₂,.until some n_k becomes a prime.

†27. Cookery.

a. transitive. To pass (food) through a strainer. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > strain or sift

siftc725

strainc1386

drawa1425

sieve1499

tammy1903

rice1904

a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 5 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 98 (MED) Drawe the grewel thurgh a straynour.

a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 13 Draw þe same brothe þorwe a straynoure.

?a1547 Ten Recipes Henry VIII in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. ix. 227 Drawe the pulpe of them thorough a strayner.

1675 Accomplish'd Lady's Delight 23 You may boil eight or nine Lemmons or Oranges, with four or five Pippins, and draw them through a strainer.

b. transitive. To mix (ingredients) together to form a paste or liquid; to combine (an ingredient) with another to form a paste or liquid. Cf. to draw up 2 at Phrasal verbs 1, drawn butter n. at drawn adj. Compounds 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

ally1381

allaya1425

drawa1425

to draw upa1425

fold1915

blend1936

a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 52 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 109 Take almaundes iblaunched and drawe hem sumdell thicke with gode broth.

a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 15 (MED) Take almondes unblanched and grynd hom smalle, Drawȝe hom with water.

1749 C. Carter London & Country Cook (ed. 3) 16 Serve it up with butter drawn with cream, gravy, or claret.

28. transitive. To construct (a ditch, canal, wall, etc.) from one point to another. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > build or construct [verb (transitive)] > construct from one point to another

draw1480

1480 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 60/2 He suld nocht draw the said myl damme throu the saide landis.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 169^v With dykes so depe draghen a boute.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 89 A nauigable ditch or cut, drawn out of the Nile.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 377 From this Lake they draw a Channell that sets certain Leather-Engines at worke.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 37 From the first Point a Curtain is drawn with a Parapet.

1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire iii. 36 Julius Caesar, with one legion, drew a wall from the lake of Geneva to Mount Jura.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 26 A navigable canal has been drawn lately from Kiel..to the river Eyder.

1912 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 20 819 In the spring of 1858, David K. Wall drew a tiny ditch from Clear Creek near the gold diggings then in progress.

1951 Sc. Hist. Rev. 30 125 The frontier line was marked by a..shallow ditch drawn between these points..marked at each end by a dressed stone.

29.

a. transitive. Of a ship or boat: to require (a specified depth of water) for floating. Also intransitive with adverb, as in to draw deep. Also figurative. [Of uncertain motivation. Probably originally with reference to displacement. Compare French tirer, literally ‘to draw’, in similar use (apparently not found in this sense in Middle French).]

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > have qualities or attributes [verb (transitive)] > draw a certain amount

drawc1487

c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica iv. 266 Vessailes as cary over thise myghty and grete eliphauntes, what for that they drawe depe, and moche high of bourde..they stonde in grete ieopardie of the said see.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 7 The smauler vesselles which drewe no great depthe [L. quibus non magno opus erat fundo], entered.

1590 E. Webbe Rare & Wonderfull Things (new ed.) sig. C^v She drawes but xi. foote water.

1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. i. sig. B4 You may easily sound what depth of witts they drawe.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 261 Light boates saile swift, though greater hulkes draw deepe.

1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. xi. 54 The Ships that drawes most water are commonly the most wholsome.

a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 5 Two feet more water than the ship drew.

1782 W. Gilpin Observ. River Wye (1789) 59 Our barge drawing too much water to pass the shallows.

1892 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 151 321/2 Steamers for the Zambesi..should not draw over 18 inches.

1984 Pract. Boat Owner Feb. 52/2 Voortrekker..draws eight and a half feet.

2003 M. Kraak & F. Ormeling Cartography (ed. 2) iii. 43/2 If a ship draws only 3 m, then all the depth information beyond the 3 m isobath can be omitted.

†b. transitive. Of a trench or channel: to contain (water of a certain depth). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 132 There be certaine trenches or channels in it that draw deepe water, wherein they may without danger saile.

30.

a. transitive. Curling. To play (a stone or shot) so as to finish within or touching the scoring area or house (house n.¹ 12b). Also intransitive. Cf. draw n. 5d(b).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > curling > curl [verb (transitive)] > actions

ride1771

draw1787

guard1787

strike1811

hog1822

inwick1823

outwick1830

promote1937

1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 150 He was the king o' a' the Core, To guard, or draw, or wick a bore.

1893 Manitoba Daily Free Press 20 Mar. 5/3 Mr. Pedley drew a stone into centre ice, which Dr. Bryce failed to dislodge.

1923 G. Rae Langsyne iv Set this brush with the out-turn, and draw the shot.

1986 Toronto Star (Nexis) 11 Feb. e5 Lyle Muyres of Humboldt drew to an empty house with his final stone.

2014 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 12 Feb. Edin needed just to draw his stone into the four-foot ring with his final effort, but the team over-swept and the stone went farther than expected.

b. transitive. Cricket. Of a batter: to strike (a ball) from the off to the leg side, especially by using a slight turn of the bat; (also) to deflect (a ball) so that it passes between the wicket and one's legs (cf. draw n. 5a). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (transitive)] > hit > hit with specific stroke

take1578

stop1744

nip1752

block1772

drive1773

cut1816

draw1816

tip1816

poke1836

spoon1836

mow1844

to put up1845

smother1845

sky1849

crump1850

to pick up1851

pull1851

skyrocket1851

swipe1851

to put down1860

to get away1868

smite1868

snick1871

lift1874

crack1882

smack1882

off-drive1888

snip1890

leg1892

push1893

hook1896

flick1897

on-drive1897

chop1898

glance1898

straight drive1898

cart1903

edge1904

tonk1910

sweep1920

mishook1934

middle1954

square-drive1954

tickle1963

square-cut1976

slash1977

splice1982

paddle1986

1816 W. Lambert Instr. & Rules Cricket 34 Always endeavour to hit the Ball on the same side on which it is bowled, and not draw it across the play.

1843 ‘Wykhamist’ Pract. Hints Cricket 13 A leg-ball pitching between these lines should be drawn or played under-leg.

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. viii. 392 Nothing but that turn of the wrist could have saved him, and he drew it away to leg for a safe one.

1888 Baily's Monthly Mag. Mar. 50 Putting his bat where his leg was and ‘drawing the ball’ behind him.

1931 Times 14 July 6/3 He drew a ball outside his off-stump round wide of mid-on for 4.

c. transitive. Golf. Originally: to hit (the ball) in an uncontrolled manner so that it moves widely to the left (or to the right, in the case of a left-handed player); = hook v. 8c. Later: to hit the (the ball) in a controlled manner so that it curves to the left (or to the right, in the case of a left-handed player).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > play golf [verb (transitive)] > type of play or stroke

drive1743

draw1842

heel1857

hook1857

loft1857

founder1878

to top a ball1881

chip1889

duff1890

pull1890

slice1890

undercut1891

hack1893

toe1893

spoon1896

borrow1897

overdrive1900

trickle1902

bolt1909

niblick1909

socket1911

birdie1921

eagle1921

shank1925

explode1926

bird1930

three-putt1946

bogey1948

double-bogey1952

fade1953

1842 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 8 Oct. 298/3 Then he may stand unfair, or he may draw his stroke, and thereby send the ball off the course.

1893 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 8 Apr. 156/3 Let him draw the ball or heel it, and the chances are he will drop into a lakelet.

1902 in W. W. Tulloch Tom Morris (1908) 10 With what..cunning he would, of purpose, heel or draw a ball with the object of getting round a hazard.

1977 Golf Digest July 122 I have to learn to hit the ball lower when I have to—to draw..the ball at will.

2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 13 June (Sports section) 8/5 I felt like this week I hit some really good shots... I..could draw the ball really well.

d. transitive. Bowls. To cause (a bowl) to travel in a curve to a chosen spot. Also intransitive: (of a bowl) to travel in this way. Cf. draw n. 5d(a).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > bowls or bowling > play bowls [verb (transitive)] > types of play

bias1641

draw1868

trail1908

1868 ‘S. Daryl’ Routledge's Handbk. Quoits & Bowls 37 It is sometimes judicious to anticipate their play by causing a back bowl to be drawn in the direction the Jack is most likely to go.

1910 Encycl. Brit. III. 348/1 Should the jack be driven towards the side boundary, it is legitimate for a player to cause his bowl to draw outside of the dividing string.

2002 Times 17 Jan. 36/6 After Bond drew the shot about four feet from the ditch, Gourlay's last bowl was wrecked.

31. transitive. Billiards. To cause (a ball) to recoil as if pulled back, after striking another ball.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [verb (transitive)] > play (the ball) in specific way

hazard1674

string1680

miss1746

pocket1756

hole1803

spot1844

nurse1850

draw1860

pot1860

hold1869

dribble1873

fluke1881

scratch1909

1860 Daily Argus & Democrat (Madison, Wisconsin) 26 Oct. His skill in drawing the ball was wonderful.

1897 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Morning Jrnl. 17 Oct. 10/3 I once saw the Frenchman make the opening shot of billiards by a direct draw several times in succession on a wager, and no better illustration of his powers at drawing a ball could be given than that.

2010 N. Leider Pool & Billiards for Dummies ix. 111 While learning how to draw the cue ball is no piece of cake, you've got a lot of possibilities as far as position after you learn how.

II. Senses relating to attraction; to draw in or together.

32.

a. transitive. To cause (the mind, eyes, attention, etc.) to become directed at or focused on a particular thing. Frequently with to.See also to draw off 4 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw away 3b at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΚΠ

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lvi. 431 Hit [sc. ðæt mod] mon drægð swa hit ne gefret, ðonne ðonne hit iernð on ða unaliefedan unðeawas.

c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 479 Forte drahen his luue towart hire.

c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) l. 1434 (MED) An ȝunling not hwat swuch þing is: His ȝunge blod hit draȝeþ amis.

c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 145 (MED) Þe feste wol make his flesch to ris, And drawe his herte to vanite.

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 3 He myght drawe to hym the hertys of many oone ther, yn spectaclis,..yn playes and othir courtly mokkys and trifyllys.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 2 Þe synne of þe heldar man drawiþ not be his ensaumple þe hertis of þe ȝungar in to deþ.

1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 358 They drawe the mindes of the people into an admiration.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 308 His look Drew audience and attention still as Night.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 15. ¶5 To draw the Eyes of the World upon her.

1791 R. Sadler Wanley Penson III. viii. 224 I was returning up the lane..when a groan from an adjacent rick-barton drew my attention.

1849 E. E. Napier Excursions Southern Afr. II. 95 My attention being drawn to the spot, I saw an animal.

1884 L. J. Jennings in Croker Papers I. vi. 154 A great bereavement..drew his mind from public affairs.

1908 E. Booth Love is All 26 A touch upon my arm, drawing my notice to the attracted attention of the whole room to my presence.

2002 H. Habila Waiting for Angel (2003) 40 Sudden loud shouts draw my eyes to the street.

2017 Daily Tel. 18 Apr. 14/1 As a nation, we Britons are shy about drawing attention to ourselves.

b. transitive. Chiefly with adverb or prepositional phrase expressing direction. To induce or influence (a person) to come to a place or join in a venture; to lead or turn (a person) to or from a particular condition or course of action; to exert an attraction on (a person).See also to draw away 3a at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw in 4 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw on 4 at Phrasal verbs 1.In quot. a1475 intransitive with object implied.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)]

teec888

tightc1000

drawc1175

tollc1220

till?c1225

ticec1275

bringc1300

entice1303

win1303

wina1340

tempt1340

misdrawa1382

wooa1387

lure1393

trainc1425

allurea1450

attract?a1475

lock1481

enlure1486

attice1490

allect1518

illect?1529

wind1538

disarm1553

call1564

troll1565

embait1567

alliciate1568

slock1594

enamour1600

court1602

inescate1602

fool1620

illure1638

magnetize1658

trepana1661

solicit1665

whistle1665

drill1669

inveigh1670

siren1690

allicit1724

wisea1810

come-hither1954

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10115 Her droh iohan bapptisste wel. Þe leode wiþþ hiss lare.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 53 To draȝen lechurs to ham.

c1300 St. Andrew (Harl.) l. 24 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 543 Ertou Andreu..þat meni dai haþ igo & idrawe men to þi false god.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 369 (MED) Þe þre Sirenes..drowȝ [?a1475 anon. tr. drawede] to hemward schipmen.

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 1291 (MED) Welthe drawes a man fra þe right way.

a1475 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Cambr. Gg.1.16) (1997) iii. lix. 135 Grace draweþ to God and to vertues.

1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in Panoplie Epist. 98 I was drawn and allured ther vnto through the liberal disposition of my wil.

1615 J. Stephens Satyrical Ess. sig. Avj^v [They] have..hanged their bills up to drawe customers.

1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xii. 59 The people are drawne to their churches more for the delight of the musick.

1712 Boston News-let. 25 Mar. 2/1 The French were also endeavouring to draw the Chickesaw Indians unto them.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 536 No art was spared which could draw Monmouth from retreat.

1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. iii. 44 It is wonderful, though, how you feel drawn to a man who feeds you well.

1936 M. R. Anand Coolie (1993) v. 274 In one hut, a crowd of coolies were singing hill songs to the tune of a dholki, and he felt drawn towards it.

1994 Canad. Living Mar. (insert pp. 122–123) She was drawn to the house because of the wonderful light and feeling of space.

c. transitive. To induce or influence (a person) to do something.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something

procurea1325

draw1425

inducec1450

draw1531

obtain1558

reduce?a1560

weighc1571

charma1592

obtain1606

bias1660

gain1681

import1825

wangle1926

1425 (a1400) Speculum Christiani (Lansd.) (1933) 111 As to..what þinge drawis a man to ordeine his wille to goddis wille. þere are .IIII. þingis.

1442 in A. T. Bannister Reg. Thome Spofford (1919) 251 (MED) The grete causes the whiche drowe, meved, and stured you..for to leve the said cloyster.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 205 The Spencers had so drawne the king to doe and consent to whatsoever they required.

1592 P. Moffett Comm. Prouerbes Salomon vi. 59 Now Salomon commeth to warne his sonne, that he be not drawne to go astray by any prouocations vnto vnchastitie.

1639 S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 13 I say not this..to draw you to desire me for your wife.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 472 Ahaz his sottish Conquerour, whom he drew Gods Altar to disparage.

1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music xiii. 231 When I am drawn to attend more to the Singer than to what is Sung.

1892 Argosy May 359 When he had drawn me to love him.

1930 Northern Standard (Darwin) 7 Oct. 3/4 Singapore Ants... Anything smellful will draw them to concentrate upon it in straight lines from their nookeries.

2010 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 9 Apr. 7/5 I was drawn to remark how many of my bulbs are ‘blind’ this year, by which I mean to say that they have plenty of leaves but no flowers.

d. transitive. With into. To induce (a person) to do something; to involve (a person) in a particular situation or course of action. Frequently in passive, as in to get drawn into: to become reluctantly or inadvertently involved in a particular situation or course of action.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something

procurea1325

draw1425

inducec1450

draw1531

obtain1558

reduce?a1560

weighc1571

charma1592

obtain1606

bias1660

gain1681

import1825

wangle1926

1531 W. Tyndale Answere Mores Dialoge f. xvi He forgeueth them also all the mocions vn to synne of which they feare lest they shuld therby be drawen in to synne agayne.

1601 in T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia (1633) ii. iii. 140 The intent of Sir Thomas Norris being knowen, the feare and terrification thereof drew me into this action.

1781 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 396 He endeavoured to draw him into telling the Tale.

1892 Harper's Mag. May 952/2 It takes people of steady heads to live there now and not get drawn into the great currents of society which swirl around them.

1906 W. S. Churchill Speech in House of Commons in Times 22 Mar. 7/5 I hope I shall not be drawn by that association into imitating..the protracted, superlative, and, I think, rather laboured exhibition..with which he has occupied the attention of the House.

1981 R. Oliver & M. Crowder Cambr. Encycl. Afr. 161/2 This commitment drew French officials into growing conflict with the proudly independent and militarily formidable Fon kingdom of Abomey.

1999 Financial Times 9 Oct. (FT Weekend section) p. xxiii/4 A Hollywood screenwriter..gets drawn into a nightmare world of violence and seduction.

2004 Wired Sept. 129/2 The liberating power of post-party politics has its limits: it's still easy to get drawn into partisan sniping.

e. intransitive. To exert an influence on a person or group of people; esp. to prove an attraction; to attract crowds. Cf. draw n. 15.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > attracting attention > arouse attention [verb (intransitive)] > attract crowds

draw1871

a1721 M. Prior Turtle & Sparrow (1723) 7 Come on, I'll tell you my Amours; Who knows but they may influence Yours? Example draws where Precept fails, And Sermons are less read than Tales.

1871 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 375 Mr. Emerson always draws.

1884 Fortn. Rev. Nov. 703 Lord Randolph Churchill..is sure to ‘draw’ enormously wherever he goes.

1903 Pearson's Mag. Nov. 513/2 Bellringing didn't seem to take very well; it was out of date, or other people did it better... But my act drew well, and it always saved our turn.

1969 Rolling Stone 28 June 28/1 In a state where casino-Country acts draw terribly, the Judy Lynn Show is the longest running club act of any kind in Nevada.

2018 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 23 June (Arts section) The East Coast version of the event showcases popular and emerging acts that might not draw well enough outside South Korea to independently tour the States on their own.

33.

†a. transitive. To become covered or affected with (rust). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 125 Ne beo neauer or swa bricht þet hit ne schal draȝen rust of an þet is irusted.

1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) iv. xxxiv. f. lxxxiij Bras..draweth soone ruste.

b. transitive. To attract by a physical force, especially magnetism or gravity. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards or approach (a thing, place, or person) [verb (transitive)] > bring near > draw towards or attract

drawa1387

attire1549

attract1589

accrete1664

invite1671

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 25 Þe water wolde drawe [L. attraheret] hem violentliche toward þe pond.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. lxii. 857 Þis stone magnes..haþ vertue of drawyng of iren. And þere ben mounteyns of suche stones, and þerfore þey drawe to hem and breken schippes þat ben ynayled wiþ iren.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cix. 371 The Adamant drew so sore the Iron.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. v. 97 A certaine attracted fume drawne vp on hie by the operation of the Sunne.

a1711 T. Ken Preparatives for Death in Wks. (1721) IV. 64 The Magnetism of Heav'nly Love, Draws some to God above.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 4 That of attraction, which draws them towards the sun; and..impulsion, which drives them strait forward into the great void of space.

1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 63 Steel, through opposing plates the Magnet draws, And steelly atoms culls from dust and straws.

1880 ‘E. Kirke’ Life J. A. Garfield 25 As the rod draws the electricity from the air.

1978 Hi-Fi News Sept. 130/1 (advt.) Not unlike a common magnet attracting iron particles, static scavenges and draws dust particles onto the record surface.

2014 H. D. Curtis Orbital Mech. for Engin. Students (ed. 3) i. 16 The force of gravity draws a freely falling object toward the center of attraction (e.g., center of the earth) with an acceleration g.

34.

(a) transitive. To take (air, smoke, etc.) into the lungs; to breathe (a substance) in; to inhale.See also to draw in 2 at Phrasal verbs 1, breath n. Phrases 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > inhalation > inhale [verb (transitive)]

to suck inc1220

drawa1300

inbreathea1382

to draw ina1398

to take in1495

inhaust1547

fetch1552

fet1556

imbreathe1574

to breathe in1576

attract1582

suck?1614

inspirate1615

imbibe1621

inspire1666

redistend1684

inhale1725

embreathe1867

indraw1883

a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 272 For to bilirten fuȝeles. Ne stereð ȝe noȝt..ne draȝeð ȝe non onde.

c1330 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Auch.) l. 38 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 116 Vnneþe he miȝt drawe his fnast.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 217 (MED) Þan þe pacient schal not swolowe adoun his mete, ne drawe wel his breeþ.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 17 He drough his breth lyke as one sholde haue deyde.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 199 He na mocht His aynd bot with gret panys draw.

?1543 T. Phaer tr. J. Goeurot Regiment of Lyfe iv. f. xxvi^v Great heate in the breaste..is quenched..in drawynge colde ayre.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. sig. Avi^v/2 Orthopnoicke, are those that have the disease Orthopnoea, which is a difficultie of drawing their wind, unlesse they sit upright.

1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 23 in Justa Edouardo King [Sheep] Swoln with wind, and the rank mist they draw, Rot inwardly.

1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. iii. 13 Alciphron..stopt to draw breath and recover himself.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 28 I ne'er before..Have ever drawn your mountain air.

1862 Temple Bar Sept. 223 John Mellish drew a deep breath.

1953 R. Mais Hills were Joyful Together i. xi. 111 He took the spliff and lit up, dragged long at it, drawing the smoke deep down into his lungs.

1988 D. Allison Trash 112 I drew another deep lungful of the sweet smoke.

2010 S. Damsgaard Seventh Witch 2 The old woman wheezed as her thin chest rose and fell in her struggle to draw air.

(b) transitive. To cause (a flow of air) to be sucked into a chimney, pipe, room, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > set (air) in motion [verb (transitive)] > suck air from

to suck at1584

draw1634

1634 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man ii. vi. 125 It is a pipe by the which the lunges as bellowes draw the ayre, for the refreshing of the heart.

1799 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 4 304 A ventilator within drew fresh air through one of the air pipes, and discharged it into the lower part of the vessel.

1937 Amer. Home Apr. 159/1 (advt.) Radi-heater draws fresh air from outdoors. Does away with drafts.

2005 New Scientist 16 Apr. 53/2 It was essentially a building with labyrinthine walls and a chimney to draw warm, moist air from outside into the cool interior.

(c) intransitive. Of a chimney, cigar, pipe, etc.: to allow air to be sucked through it so that successful combustion can occur.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > smoke [verb (intransitive)] > draw (of a pipe)

draw1725

smoke1883

the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > move (of air) [verb (intransitive)] > produce current of air > of a chimney or pipe

draw1725

1725 G. Smith Compl. Body Distilling i. 77 Take care to have your Stove-chimney..pretty often swept or clean'd..to make your flew, or kiln Chimney, draw the better.

1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 269 Some chimney that draws well.

1827 W. Clarke Every Night Bk. 88 All this is avoided by retaining the twist on the end of your cigar. ‘But how do you make it draw?’

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple II. xviii. 306 The fire does not draw well.

1883 Cambr. Staircase 100 His pipe requiring to be prodded to make it draw.

1977 M. Girouard Sweetness & Light v. 99 His chimneys drew, his drains worked.

2006 Countryman Dec. 29/2 The fire was drawing well and was too good to leave and so I decided to keep it company for another hour or so.

(d) intransitive. To take a deep pull or drag at or on a cigarette, pipe, etc. Also (and in earliest use) transitive: to inhale smoke from or suck on (a cigarette, pipe, etc.) (now rare).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > smoke [verb (intransitive)]

whiff1602

smoke1617

to blow (raise obs.) a cloud1699

drawa1774

smook1805

blow1808

to have (or take) a smoke1835

tobacconize1876

shoch1898

inhale1933

fag1940

to have a burn1941

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > use as material for smoking [verb (transitive)] > inhale

takec1175

drink1601

drawa1774

pull1837

drag1919

inhale1933

a1774 O. Goldsmith tr. P. Scarron Comic Romance (1775) II. xvi. 126 He had not proceeded half a league, still drawing his empty pipe, when the fumes of the wine mounted all at once into his head.

1835 J. A. St. John Tales of Ramad'han III. lvi. 165 Drawing vigorously at his pipe, he puffed around him repeated clouds of smoke.

1869 Ballou's Monthly Mag. Oct. 357/1 I drew my cigar harder than ever, to throw a light upon him.

1883 Wheelman May 110/2 The smoke, puffed from time to time, as I draw on the cigar, winds up in a sinuous curl.

1921 Welding Engineer Nov. 26/1 I was up in the smoker drawing on a fag when I got acquainted with a Denver man.

1966 E. Bond Saved vi. 51 Fred (draws his cigarette): Why didn't yer let on?.. He drops his cigarette on the floor and treads on it.

1977 A. Desai Fire on Mountain 77 ‘I saw you go down there last night,’ Ram Lal said, drawing at his biri through his fist.

2002 Times 9 Dec. (Game section) 18/2 Davey supped from his tin of beer and drew on his cigarette.

b. intransitive. To take a pull or draught of a drink, esp. an alcoholic one; to drink.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor

to wet (one's) whistle, weasand, mouth, beak, beardc1386

bibc1400

to kiss the cupa1420

drawa1500

refresh1644

mug1653

bub1654

jug1681

whiffle1693

dram1740

wet1783

to suck (also sup) the monkey1785

stimulate1800

lush1811

taste1823

liquor1839

oil1841

paint1853

irrigate1856

nip1858

smile1858

peg1874

gargle1889

shicker1906

stop1924

bevvy1934

a1500 in T. A. Kirby & H. B. Woolf Philologica: Malone Anniv. Stud. (1949) 204 (MED) For y wyll not geue a straw, At halfe a pynte onys to draw; hyt wyll not quenche owr thyrste.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 348 They had their cup-quarrels, striving who should draw deepest.

1909 Sat. Evening Post 18 Sept. 17/3 Delaney picked up a bottle from the bar and, upending it above his lips, drew deep from it.

1988 M. Moorcock Mother London i. 41 He drew sluggishly at his pint.

35.

a. intransitive. Chiefly with about, around. Of a group of people: to come together, gather, assemble.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals

gathera975

ensemblea1300

drawc1300

semble1389

herd1393

assemblea1400

routa1400

sanka1400

trume?a1400

musterc1425

convene1429

resemblea1450

to draw together1455

forgather1513

accompany1534

troop1565

congregate1570

to get together1575

parliament?1589

accoil1590

join1706

to roll up1817

congressa1850

to round up1879

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1479 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 148 Þat folk of seint thomas kunne wel þicke a-bouten him drouȝ.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15911 Mani drou a-bote þat fire.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 3855 All his frendus..drowyn abouȝt hym theke and faste.

c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 83 The great resorte of people that drue to his sermons.

1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest I. ii. 53 Our desolate party drew round it.

1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 27/2 The whole party drew round the table.

1916 R. Wilson Russ. Story Bk. 60 Great crowds drew to the tavern, though they came not to drink but to see the Old Cossáck.

2008 Irish Times 16 Aug. (Mag.) 10 I picked up the bat and immediately a crowd drew around, watching the foreigner carefully, looking for the weak spots.

†b. transitive. To assemble (an army, troops, etc.). Obsolete.See also to draw together 1a at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)]

somnec825

heapc900

gathera975

samc1000

to set togetherc1275

fang1340

assemblec1374

recueilc1380

drawa1393

to draw togethera1398

semblea1400

congatherc1400

congregatec1400

to take together1490

recollect1513

to gather togetherc1515

to get together1523

congesta1552

confer1552

collect1573

ingatherc1575

ramass1586

upgather1590

to muster upa1593

accrue1594

musterc1595

compone1613

herd1615

contract1620

recoil1632

comporta1641

rally1643

rendezvous1670

purse1809

adduct1824

to round up1873

reeve1876

to pull together1925

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 2084 With gret manace and mochel bost He drowh pouer and made an host And cam in rescousse of the toun.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1903) II. App. i. 278 This assemblance and conventioun of peple Drawin be tarquyne.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 143 Into the marches of Wales, where they drewe to them great power.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 118 That such an Army could be drawne in France.

1693 J. Austen tr. Lives of Illustrious Romans 11 Before the Fight [he] drew his Army upon a Hill.

36.

a. transitive. To cause (something) to follow as a consequence; to bring about.See also to draw in 3 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw on 5 at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring about as a consequence or entail

makeOE

haveOE

drawa1400

to draw inc1405

to leave behind1424

goc1449

to draw on1572

train1579

carry1581

beara1616

to lead toa1770

evolve1816

entail1829

mean1841

issue1842

subinduce1855

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26649 A synne or twa vnbete þai dragh ay ma & ma.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. vii The prouerbe sayth, tareynge draweth and ieopardeth perell.

1572 G. Fenton tr. E. Pasquier Monophylo ii. f. 6^v Where man drawing to himselfe, hys selfe destruction [Fr. cestuy homme se perdant à son esciant], without other power of remedy then to late a repentaunce.

a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 41 Any default or laches..either in accepting the freehold, or in accepting the interest that drawes the freehold.

1851 G. W. Thornbury Lays & Legends 113 The curse of the drunken jesters Drew vengeance from the sky.

1869 A. W. Ward tr. E. Curtius Hist. Greece II. iii. ii. 392 This act drew after it important consequences.

2001 Discover (N.Y.) July 66/1 Its role was unknown until some drug tests in the 1950s drew unexpected results.

b. transitive. To bring (misfortune or disaster) on (also upon) oneself. Cf. pull v. 16b.See also to draw down 1b at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΚΠ

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 18729 Ful grete veniaunce is on him draw.

1597 J. Carpenter Preparatiue to Contentation x. 121 These men..do worthily draw ruine & decay on their own heads.

1629 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. (ed. 5) xl. sig. H7^v The occasion [that] drew this mischiefe vpon him.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 113 Which drew the Forces of the Sultan his Master upon him.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 126 He drew upon Himself, immediately, that Swarm of Enemies.

1823 Examiner 26 Jan. 65/2 They are drawing on themselves their own ruin.

1860 T. Martin tr. Horace Odes 29 Rage drew on Thyestes the vengeance of heaven.

1933 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 27 618 The indirection of our procedure drew upon us a retort which it was by no means pleasant to read.

1999 C. Bruell On Socratic Educ. 117 The manner in which Socrates' life came to an end would be particularly revealing if what drew upon him the anger of his fellow citizens was essential to his life.

c. transitive. To receive (a prison sentence of a specified length).

ΚΠ

1895 Marion (Ohio) Daily Star 29 May 5/3 Dennis Hays..got a pretty stiff sentence.., drawing a sentence of thirty days and getting a fine of ten dollars.

1929 Capital Punishment in N. Carolina N. Carolina State Board Charities Special Bull. No. 10 54 Herman Banks and Luther Townsend suffered most heavily, each drawing a sentence of from four to eight years in the State Prison.

1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential i. iii. 34 In 1940 he drew a six-month sentence in the workhouse when he stole two fur pieces from a waitress.

1999 J. Williams Five Pubs, Two Bars & Nightclub 139 He ended up drawing two years, serving one.

37. transitive. To attract (a particular reaction or response) from a person or group.Cf. sense 79a where the object is something that has been deliberately elicited.See also to draw forth 1c at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth

movea1398

drawa1400

provoke?a1425

askc1450

to draw out1525

to stir up1526

allure?1532

suscitate1532

to call out1539

to draw fortha1569

draw1581

attract1593

raise1598

force1602

fetch1622

milka1628

invite1650

summon1679

elicit1822

to work up?1833

educe1840

1581 A. Anderson Serm. Paules Crosse sig. A.iiij The reporte..was brought to Christ, as therby..to drawe from Christe some sharpe censure of the President his cruell acte.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) liii. 304 The Common People vnderstand not many Excellent Vertues: The Lowest Vertues draw Praise from them.

1660 G. Newton Expos. John 17th 474 If we have done any act that draws applause or commendation,..men admire us, and advance us.

a1732 J. Gay Fables (1738) II. v. 39 Not that all coxcombs follies strike And draw our ridicule alike.

1857 London Q. Rev. Oct. 263/2 Suddenly changing his tone, he drew sobs of contrition from the entire multitude.

1882 North-China Herald 26 May 560/3 This repetition of the stock jest..drew shouts of laughter.

1959 N.Y. Times 29 Aug. 1/2 The..bill has drawn strong union opposition because it would impose stricter controls.

1993 Computer World 12 Apr. 4/1 The product..is drawing an enthusiastic reaction from some quarters.

2012 J. M. Bessette & J. J. Pitney Amer. Govt. & Politics xiv. 437 President Clinton drew criticism for fostering too much internal debate.

38. transitive. Originally and chiefly Military. To attract or provoke (gunfire), either unintentionally or deliberately.

ΚΠ

1698 tr. Baron de Pointis Acct. taking of Cartagena 69 This number of People being..remarkable for their Cloaths, drew upon us the Enemies Fire, and particularly that of their Cannon.

1763 R. Orme Hist. Mil. Trans. Brit. Nation I. iii. 207 Chunda-saheb's cavalry..made a halt within point blank shot, to draw the fire of the English troops.

1785 J. Drinkwater Hist. Siege Gibraltar vii. 267 The Enemy..being heard at work, drew a warm fire from our batteries.

1846 Floridian 27 June ‘Stop,’ said Ridgely, ‘until I draw their fire;’ when he deliberately fired each gun.

1873 Times 30 Aug. 10/2 Anything moving instantly..drew a volley of bullets from the besieged.

1919 N.Y. Times 19 Aug. 13/8 (advt.) Great grizzlies and nimble mountain goats draw the sure shot of the hunter.

1944 Scotsman 30 Nov. 4/7 Gibson..flew backwards and forwards over the target, drawing the flak on to his Lancaster.

1971 Jrnl. Royal United Services Inst. Sept. 65/2 By day any movement drew a hail of shells.

2015 P. Robinson Lion of Sabray vii. 182 One [helicopter] goes in hard and low, and then banks away steeply in an attempt to draw enemy fire.

III. Senses relating to extension or protraction.

†39. transitive. To extend the duration of (something); to prolong, protract. Obsolete.See also to draw along at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw out 3b at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw in length at length n. 17.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong

lengOE

drawOE

teec1200

forlengtha1300

lengtha1300

drivec1300

tarryc1320

proloynec1350

continuec1380

to draw alonga1382

longa1382

dretch1393

conservea1398

to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400

prorogue1419

prolongc1425

aroomc1440

prorogate?a1475

protend?a1475

dilate1489

forlong1496

relong1523

to draw out1542

sustentate1542

linger1543

defer1546

pertract1548

propagate1548

protract1548

linger1550

lengthen1555

train1556

detract?a1562

to make forth (long, longer)1565

stretch1568

extend1574

extenuate1583

dree1584

wire-draw1598

to spin out1603

trail1604

disabridge1605

produce1605

continuate1611

out-length1617

spin1629

to eke out1641

producta1670

prolongate1671

drawl1694

drag1697

perennate1698

string1867

perennialize1898

OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) xlviii. 264 Be þæs timan lenge heora sang dragon [L. cantum protendant], þæt heora ealra stefen geþwærie.

a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) xiii. 49 Þat se syxansyxtuȝeþe sealm, þat is ‘Deus misereatur nostri’, sy ȝecwedon..sumdæl draȝende [OE Corpus Cambr. gelencged hwæthwara; L. subtrahendo modice].

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 35 (MED) Mi time in tariinge he drowh: Whan ther was time good ynowh, He seide, ‘An other time is bettre.’

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 791 Quat bot es lang mi tale to draw.

a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) l. 1062 Hath þy herte be wroth or gret When goddes serues was drawe on tret?

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres i. 1 I will drawe my leisure and poore skill to the vttermost.

1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher King & No King i. sig. B2^v Thou drawst thy words.

1847 L. Hunt Jar of Honey (1848) ix. 119 The sense of hushing solemnity is drawn to the finest point.

1885 Athenæum 23 May 661/1 The anguish of the last chapters is too long drawn.

†40. intransitive. To extend in space or area, in a given direction, to a specified point, etc.; to stretch, to spread. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > extend in space [verb (intransitive)]

bredeOE

comeOE

ylasta1175

drawc1180

areachc1225

lastc1275

tillc1290

durea1300

reachc1330

spreada1400

halec1400

reignc1400

splatec1440

extend1481

endure1523

span1535

discoursea1547

wina1578

distend1581

intend1594

sweep1789

outlie1876

the world > space > extension in space > extend in space [verb (intransitive)] > extend in a certain direction

liec1000

shootc1000

drawc1180

stretcha1387

streek1388

bear1556

trend1598

tend1604

take1610

to make out1743

to put out1755

trench1768

make1787

c1180 Notes to Hexateuch (Claud. B.iv) in A. N. Doane & W. P. Stoneman Purloined Lett. (2011) 20 Se stede is..wensæm wunyunge & lang hidraan an hestdele anlænges ðare sæ, butan ure wuniaghe.

c1300 St. Brendan (Laud) l. 48 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 221 We comen to a watur..þat euere fram-ward þe est toward þe west it drovȝ. We stoden and bi-heolden a-boute, for we ne miȝten ouer i-wende.

c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 546 Þe pilgrim..loked an heyȝe: Þe sterres on þe heuen he seiȝe, Þe water about him drawe.

c1425 in E. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (1866) 127 Thanne north, so as the hegge drawyth to Barnlee northward.

1678 M. D. tr. J. M. Wansleben Present State Egypt 237 This Street was adorned with two ranks of Pillars, one rank in each side: the second begins at the Arch of Triumph, which is at one end of the Town, at the South-East, drawing to the North-East.

1871 Baily's Monthly Mag. Apr. 3 A very good one [sc. country] it is, although only about fifteen miles long and four or five wide; it has lots of grass, and draws south as far as Mentmore.

41.

a. transitive. To make (wire) by pulling a rod or other piece of metal through an aperture in a die, or through a series of graduated apertures; (also) to shape (a rod or other piece of metal) in this way. Also with into, out: see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΚΠ

1265 [implied in: 1265 in C. W. Bardsley & A. Bardsley Dict. Eng. & Welsh Surnames (1901) 820/1 Robert le Wyrdraere. (at wire-drawer n. 1)].

1482 in L. T. Smith York Plays (1885) Introd. p. xl [Pinners and Wiredrawers] makes pynnes or draweth wyre.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §845 All Bodies Ductile (as Metals that will be drawne into Wire).

1654 F. W. Observ. in Fulke's Meteors (new ed.) 164 Though Gold be drawn into the smallest wire.

1721 London Gaz. No. 5965/4 A Work-house for..Drawing Wyer.

1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 334 Wire is drawn either by hand, or by steam, water, or other power.

1883 Amer. Stationer 2 Aug. 209/2 We..thus are able to draw wire and make gold and silver threads.

1913 Engineering 18 Apr. 542/1 The wortle-plates required by those engaged in drawing wire by hand.

1969 Metal & Fabricated Metal Products Manuf. (U.S. Dept. of Commerce) 69/2 Establishments primarily engaged in drawing wire from purchased iron or steel rods, bars, or wire.

2001 O. Sacks Uncle Tungsten i. 7 The heavy, dark tungsten powder would be pressed, hammered, sintered at red heat, then drawn into finer and finer wire.

2020 M. E. Cohen Leader's Bookshelf vi. 102 He would have to..draw a rod into wire, and, finally, draw the wire into a pin.

b. transitive. gen. To pull out (something) to a greater length or size; to stretch, elongate. Also intransitive: to be stretched or elongated.See also to draw abroad at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen > by drawing out

drawa1398

to draw abroada1400

to draw out1484

wire-draw1598

rope1798

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. lx. 278 His synewe..may be idrawe in lengþe..as a corde and a roop.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 12409 Þis tre þai droght þaim bituine.

1511–12 Act 3 Henry VIII c. 6 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 28 The byer of Wollen clothes..shall not drawe..the same clothes..by teynto^r or wynche.

1625 J. Hart Anat. Urines ii. vi. 88 [He] did oftentimes..voyd a thicke muddie vrine, and so tough and ropie, that any might haue drawne it an ell long, as if it had bene some glue or bird-lime.

1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 582 Or draw to silk Arachne's subtile line.

1748 G. Stovin in Philos. Trans. 1747 (Royal Soc.) 44 572 The Skin drew or stretch'd like a Piece of Doe-Leather.

1878 I. G. D. Stewart et al. Home Messenger Bk. of Tested Receipts (ed. 2) 69 Turn the dough completely over and draw it long into the conventional shape.

2006 F. Moramarco & S. Moramarco Deliciously Ital. xxv. 74 Break an egg-sized piece off the dough, flatten it, and run it through the widest setting of the pasta machine, drawing it into a long, wide ribbon.

†c. transitive. To stretch the joints of (a person) on a rack (rack n.³ 2b) as a punishment or a form of torture. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > on the rack

spread?c1225

fordrawc1380

enginec1405

rack?a1439

stentc1480

streekc1480

draw1481

brake1530

excarnificate1570

excruciate1570

stretch1585

to break on the torture1598

distend1599

tenter1615

tousea1616

tympanize1647

1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) lv. 96 They made hym to be drawen and payned to saye the trouthe.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) cxl. 185 Rather I shold lete me drawe, than I shold telle it ageyn.

1576 T. Rogers Philos. Disc. Anat. Minde xxxii. f. 32 Epicharius..on the rack drawen, and euery way hailed and pulled to confesse..would not speake one woord.

1645 H. Burkhead Trag. Cola's Furie iii. 28 (stage direct.) Rufus is laid on the Racke & drawne.

d. transitive. To flatten out (metal), typically by hammering.Earliest and now only with out (see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1).

ΚΠ

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 505 The other sort of copper..yeeldeth to the hammer and will be drawne out, whereupon some there be who call it Ductile, i. battable.

1784 H. Cort Specif. Patent in Repertory of Arts (1795) 3 365 Draw them under the forge-hammer..into anconies.

e. In the preparation of fibre for spinning.

(a) intransitive. Of slivers of cotton, wool, etc.: to elongate and attenuate when pulled by hand or passed between successive pairs of rollers revolving at different speeds. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1623 G. Markham Countrey Contentments, or Eng. Huswife (new ed.) ii. 158 Now for as much as if you shall put too much oile vpon the wooll, you may thereby doe great hurt to the web, and make that the thread will not draw, but fal into many pieces.

1851 Baird's Amer. Cotton Spinner 140 Sometimes the stuff will become so heavy that it will not draw clear.

1903 Fibre & Fabric 10 Oct. 99/1 It draws well, takes twist in the roving well and spins into good, strong, even yarn.

(b) transitive. To elongate and attenuate (slivers of cotton, wool, etc.) by pulling them gently, or (where the process is mechanized) by passing them between successive pairs of rollers revolving at different speeds. Frequently with out (see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1).

ΚΠ

1785 Trial of Cause R. P. Arden 67 Did you see this model of the rollers for drawing the cotton thread?

1863 R. Hunt Ure's Dict. Arts I. (ed. 5) 739 It becomes almost impossible for the workman to draw the flax or hemp through such rollers.

1915 Printers' Ink 17 June 22/1 Stop to think how much intelligence and patience and skill is required to pick, unravel, draw, comb, rove, spin, twist..3000 acres of Sea Island Cotton yearly.

2016 C. McBride Uniquely Woman (e-book ed.) With her right hand, she uses her fingers to draw the fleece and form it into thread as it is wound around the spindle.

f. transitive. To stretch (a molten glass ribbon or object) into a thinner, elongated form; (also) to form or shape (a glass object such as a tube) by stretching molten glass.Also with out (see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1).

ΚΠ

1665 R. Boyle New Exper. & Observ. Cold 694 Upon which account the pipe ought beforehand to be drawn so slender, that the glass may be melted together in a trice.

1783 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 73 450 The glass tube had been just drawn at the glass-house.

1854 B. Silliman et al. World of Sci., Art, & Industry 155/1 Cylindrical rods of glass about the size of a pen stalk are drawn.

2008 E. Le Bourhis Glass x. 219 At such temperature, the glass ribbon is viscous enough to be drawn upward out of the tin bath.

†42.

a. intransitive. To amount to a particular sum or quantity. Also with unto. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > enumerate, reckon, or calculate [verb (intransitive)] > amount or be equal to

goeOE

risec1175

amount1399

mountc1400

to come to ——?a1425

draw1425

reach1431

to run to ——1528

surmount1551

to come unto ——1562

arise1594

to equivalize account1647

tell1671

sum1721

reckon1783

count1819

number1842

to add up1850

to add up to1853

to work out1867

total1880

to tot up1882

1425 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1425 §35. m. 13 To shippe as mechel wolle or wollefell, as that draweth and amounteth to, that is so perisshed..with outen any subsidee payng for the same.

a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 120 (MED) It is behouefull that we furst esteme what his erly charges and expences bith likely to drawe vnto, For aftir that nedith his reuenues to be proporcioned.

1501 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 87 As myche mony as iij quarters shall drawe to.

1563–4 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 571 Top pieces for the west wyndowe whiche drewe to xxi fote of glass.

b. transitive. To amount to (a particular sum or quantity). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > number, calculate, or reckon [verb (transitive)] > amount to or total

makeOE

amountc1350

be?c1425

draw1425

numbera1450

numbera1586

to sum up1597

give1634

mount1639

tantamount1659

compute1667

muster1810

total1859

subtotal1906

society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > keep accounts [verb (transitive)] > amount to

amount1399

draw1425

return1624

net1772

to run up1830

total1880

to tot up1882

1425 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 2 A stoon wil drawe þe wighte of a pipe.

1426–7 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 11 Þe fees and þe wages of the seyd William for hys seyd seruice vnpayed draweth a gret some to his pouere degree.

?1462 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 99 To haue the seid plase and certeyn of his livelode of gretter valew than the charge of the seid college shuld drawe.

a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 51 Your costis done vpon þe seid acre drawithe iij & jd. ob.

1517 in W. C. Dickinson Sheriff Court Bk. Fife (1928) 79 Of the cane foulis the thre sextene-partis drauis iiij s. iiij d.

43. transitive. To straighten (straw) in preparation for thatching by pulling it through one's hands. Also intransitive.

ΚΠ

1606 [implied in: 1606 in J. Barmby Memorials St. Giles's, Durham (1896) 33 For the carrage of y^e straw to y^e bull house & for the drawinge of yt, 14d.].

1699 R. Prudom Truth unvail'd by Scripture-light v. 152 The poor Woman, who was a common Harlot, that was drawing Straw.

1701 in J. Barmby Memorials St. Giles's, Durham (1896) 98 Paid for drawing y^e new Whins & spent, 8s. 6d.

1881 Aberdeen Weekly Jrnl. 3 Dec. 5/4 As to the refusal to draw thatch because it was wet there was no foundation for so refusing.

1889 J. Nicholson Folk-speech E. Yorks. 13 For some days, boys have been ‘dhrawin sthreeah’ (that is, pulling straw out by handfuls from the straw stack made last thrashing day) and laying it straight in bundles ready for the ‘theeaker’.

1939 D. Hartley Made in Eng. ii. 59 Where he is thatching in the field, he ‘draws’ at the farm in a stackyard or outhouse.

2016 thatchadvicecentre.co.uk in Internet Archive Wayback Machine 26 Mar. The amount of water used to wet the bed varies depending on weather conditions and the type of straw being ‘drawn’: If it is too dry, the straw will be hard to draw and more prone to breakage.

44. intransitive. Nautical. Of a sail: to swell out tightly with the wind.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > support (an amount of) sail [verb (intransitive)] > swell out in wind (of sails)

draw1627

fill1835

1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ix. 41 We haue a..faire wind, and all sailes drawing.

1664 Advice of Father; or, Counsel to Child lxix. f. 191 To keep an even course, when all Sails draw, shews the Ship to be well ballasted.

1762 W. Falconer Shipwreck ii. 19 The mizen draws; she springs aloof once more.

1836 F. Marryat Pirate ix, in Pirate & Three Cutters 105 The schooner had let draw her foresheet.

1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxii. 66 Her yards were braced sharp up, every sail was set, and drew well.

1893 Harper's Mag. Apr. 716/1 The canvas either drew full, or was absolutely slack.

1920 Argosy-Allstory Weekly 25 Dec. 94/2 The sails drew. Way gathered. The wake poured. The Lombardy Girl heeled down, slipped into the northeast trade.

2007 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 17 Feb. (Review section) 2 With the engine running, all sails drawing and a beam wind, we motored out of the strait.

IV. Senses relating to motion or travel in a particular direction; to move, to approach.

†45. transitive. To go on (a journey) to a specified place; to make (one's way or course) in a specified direction. Obsolete.Quot. OE has sometimes alternatively been interpreted as intransitive, in sense ‘to move, proceed, go’ (see sense 48a), but this is unlikely on syntactic grounds.

ΚΠ

OE Guthlac A 727 Ongon þa leofne sið dragan domeadig dryhtnes cempa to þam onwillan eorðan dæle.

a1450 (a1400) Athelston (1951) l. 115 (MED) Be Stane my way I drowȝ.

c1450 (c1425) Brut (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 357 Þan þis worthi Duk..drow his cours Norþewarde.

46. transitive (reflexive). With adverb or prepositional phrase. To move in a specified direction; to proceed, approach; to withdraw, retire. Now somewhat rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (reflexive)]

wendeOE

meteOE

drawc1175

flitc1175

do?c1225

kenc1275

teemc1275

movec1300

graitha1325

dightc1330

redec1330

windc1330

yieldc1330

dressa1375

raikc1400

winc1400

pass?a1425

get1492

tirec1540

flitch?1567

frame1576

betake1639

rely1641

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10656 Sannt iohan droh himm o bacch.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11545 Þatt illke mann birrþ draȝhenn himm. Fra gluterrnessess esstess.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 48 Þes duc mid his drihte to þare sæ him droh.

a1300 Passion our Lord l. 212 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 43 Peter iseyh þe Gywes vre louerd vaste bynde, Anon he drouh hyne abak.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1792 Þei drow hem to a dern den for drede to be seiȝen.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7412 Þe men was won to drau ham nere.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 15904 A quile forward he ȝode, a quile him drou againe.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Luke xv. 15 And he wente, and drouȝ hym to oon of the citeseyns of that cuntre.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2322 I drowȝ me to foly, & wold nat be governed.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 526 He begynneth to drawe hym in to companye nowe.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. iii. §14. 63 As their people increased, they drew themselues more Westerly towards the red or Arabian Sea.

1712 tr. Acct. Life & Writings John Le Clerc 54 He endeavour'd to ward them off, by drawing himself from the engagement.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. viii. 269 She thought she heard a noise in her chamber, and she drew herself within the casement.

1880 Harper's Mag. June 131/1 Lancelot Carnaby stopped from his rash venture into the water, and drew himself back into an ivied bush.

1986 M. Mullen Hungry Land (1993) xxvi. 320 She noticed a crowd of starving people waiting for the boat, as silent as statues. When she climbed up the granite steps they drew themselves towards her, crying.

†47. intransitive. figurative. To tend towards a particular physical condition or quality; to incline to. Obsolete.See also to draw near 2 at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)]

wryc888

driveOE

drawc1175

rine?c1225

soundc1374

tendc1374

lean1398

clinea1400

movec1450

turnc1450

recline?a1475

covet1520

intend?1521

extenda1533

decline?1541

bow1562

bend1567

follow1572

inflecta1575

incline1584

warpa1592

to draw near1597

squint1599

nod1600

propend1605

looka1616

verge1664

gravitate1673

set1778

slant1850

trend1863

tilt1967

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 17902 All hiss hallȝhe dede. Droh till þatt an to turrnenn follc Inn till þe rihhte weȝȝe.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. 387 If þe feuer comeþ of ȝelouȝ colera..þe vreyne is..drawinge more towardes þinnesse.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 781 He to sa gret vorschip dreuch, That all spak of his gret bounte.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxvi. 542 But he draweth now sore to age.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. xcii. 272 The upper leaves draw towardes the proportion of the leaves of fenell.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 235 Of a dark colour, somewhat drawing toward a violet.

1773 A. Vieyra Dict. Portuguese & Eng. Langs. I Anime, the sweet gum called gum anime; it is rather a resin of a large tree, white, and drawing towards the colour of frankincense.

1807 Philos. Mag. 26 26 I mixed a part of this decoction with a solution of sulphate of iron, and I obtained a precipitate of a very deep blue, drawing towards black.

48.

†a. intransitive. To move, proceed; to come, go. Obsolete except as in sense 48b.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (intransitive)]

nimeOE

becomec885

teec888

goeOE

i-goc900

lithec900

wendeOE

i-farec950

yongc950

to wend one's streetOE

fare971

i-wende971

shakeOE

winda1000

meteOE

wendOE

strikec1175

seekc1200

wevec1200

drawa1225

stira1225

glidea1275

kenc1275

movec1275

teemc1275

tightc1275

till1297

chevec1300

strake13..

travelc1300

choosec1320

to choose one's gatea1325

journeyc1330

reachc1330

repairc1330

wisec1330

cairc1340

covera1375

dressa1375

passa1375

tenda1375

puta1382

proceedc1392

doa1400

fanda1400

haunta1400

snya1400

take?a1400

thrilla1400

trace?a1400

trinea1400

fangc1400

to make (also have) resortc1425

to make one's repair (to)c1425

resort1429

ayrec1440

havea1450

speer?c1450

rokec1475

wina1500

hent1508

persevere?1521

pursuec1540

rechec1540

yede1563

bing1567

march1568

to go one's ways1581

groyl1582

yode1587

sally1590

track1590

way1596

frame1609

trickle1629

recur1654

wag1684

fadge1694

haul1802

hike1809

to get around1849

riddle1856

bat1867

biff1923

truck1925

a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) l. 49 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 163 Þider ȝe sculen ȝorne draȝen.

a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 345 Vt of his ðrote it smit an onde, Ðe swetteste ðing ðat is o londe. Ðerfore oðre fisses to him draȝen.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 22543 Wodd and wall al dun sal drau.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ii. 66 ‘Where be my sonnes gone?’..‘I cannot telle whether they are drawen.’

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 16^v [Jason] Drow euyn to the Dragon dressit hym to fight.

1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. H7 Why draw we not rather home into our owne soyle of England?

1644 King Charles I in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. III. 317 Wee desire you to draw with all your forces to Bristol.

1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess i. 48 Says, are ye sleeping, rise an' win awa, 'Tis time, an' just the time, for you to draw.

b. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase. To move in a relatively slow or steady manner in a particular direction or into a particular position.See also to draw back 1a at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw near 1 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw nigh at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw on 1 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw up 5a at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > be bound for or head for

drawc1275

to-hieldc1275

roama1375

pretend1481

pursue1488

to make forth1508

to be in gate to1548

to make to ——a1568

to make unto ——1593

to be for1606

to set one's face for (from, to, towards)1611

steer1667

head1880

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 678 Heo drowen toward hauene.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2378 Toward here fader he gunen dragen.

?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 104 Al þe see sal draw ifere, As a walle to stond upriȝt.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxi. 250 They all togyther drewe a parte in to a chambre.

1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age i. iv. xxxii. 162 The Spanish Army drew towards him, to dislodge him from thence.

a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 142 Having heard of our drawing homeward.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. ix. 135 I am now drawing towards an abode that looks brighter as I approach it.

1895 Penny Illustr. Paper 21 Dec. 397/2 I began to feel more cheerful as we drew into harbour.

1928 E. A. Powell Embattled Borders v. 172 As the man drew opposite the car I accosted him in my best German.

1943 D. Welch Jrnl. 22 Oct. (1952) 96 When I drew closer, I saw that it was a man giving a piggy-back to a woman.

1996 C. J. Stone Fierce Dancing iii. 49 Then..the train does arrive, and we climb on board and make our way to the back while the train draws out.

1999 Sun 26 Oct. 2/1 The pilots drew alongside and saw its windows were frosted over.

2005 Northern Echo 6 Sept. 3/2 The truck turned into the village and drew to a stop.

c. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to move to one side; spec. to move away from a group of people in order to talk privately. Chiefly with aside. Cf. sense 11.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > sideways movement or a sideways movement > move sideways [verb (intransitive)] > step to one side

drawc1400

to step aside1530

sidestep1860

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. l. 61 Asyde he gan drawe.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cclxx. f. clxv. Than the frenchmen and bretons drewe a syde, and sayde to them. sirs leaue do vs no hurt.

1715 J. Lacy Vision 10 Then they drew on one Side, talking of the Woman who was before.

1861 Temple Bar Nov. 535 Every believer would draw on one side.

1920 Argosy-Allstory Weekly 14 Aug. 293 The men drew to one side, perplexed with the problem before them.

1942 G. M. Trevelyan Eng. Social Hist. xii. 385 By an unwritten law of the road, the wagon..had precedence, and all other traffic must draw aside to let it pass.

1963 Times 14 Feb. 14/7 They drew aside and conferred among themselves.

2009 S. K. Silverberg Naomi's Song xvii. 137 Drawing aside, they consulted in low tones.

†49. intransitive. With to, unto: to start to become involved with (a person or course of action); to resort to; to turn to. Cf. sense 32b. Obsolete.See also like draws to like at like n.¹ 4a.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)]

seeOE

drawc1275

mella1300

meeta1325

fellow1340

usec1384

conjoinc1386

joinc1390

knitc1400

accompany1461

enfellowship1470

frequent1477

haunt1477

mixa1513

encompanya1533

combinea1535

contract1548

to take with ——1562

associate1581

to have a saying toa1593

cope1594

sort1594

to take in1597

consort1600

herd1606

factionate1611

to keep company (with)a1616

accost1633

solder1641

converse1649

walk1650

consociate1653

coalite1734

to get with ——a1772

forgather1786

unionize1810

to go rounda1867

to mix in1870

cop1940

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > have recourse to [verb (transitive)] > specifically a course of action

runOE

goOE

drawc1275

to found to1352

resorta1425

tirvec1425

to fall on ——1634

to fall into ——1668

to fall back on1777

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5252 Alle heo wulleð to me draȝen [c1300 Otho drawe].

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 224 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 500 Siþþe..to arsmetrike he drouȝ.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. xiv. 311 He runtiþ and betiþ him ofte lest a drawe to euel maners.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. ix. l. 190 Preestes and oþer peple to peers þei drowen.

a1475 (?a1410) J. Lydgate Churl & Bird (Longleat) in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 108 Eche thing draweth to his semblable.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. i. 8 When Lucifer to pride drogh.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 139 Much people drewe vnto them.

1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. O4^v, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Such..as draw vnto mischiefe.

1631 Bp. J. Hall Occas. Medit. (ed. 2) (2nd state) §cii All drawes towards liberty and joy.

1677 R. Brereley Bundle of Truths viii. 81 When he draws to sin, through lust, yet with Joseph, No, I cannot sin against God.

1893 National Observer 13 May 643/2 Like draws to like.

50.

a. intransitive. With to, towards, toward: to approach or draw near (a particular point in time). Frequently with it as non-referential subject.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent

comeOE

nigha1225

to draw nearc1330

approachc1374

drawa1375

to stand ina1382

to stand ona1382

instand1382

to draw ona1450

proacha1450

to draw nigha1470

to fall at handa1535

to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538

instant1541

to prick fast upon1565

impend1674

simmer1703

depend1710

loom1827

to knock about1866

to come up1909

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2208 Whan it drouȝ to þe dai, ful dernli he hem tauȝt..where þei rest schold take.

c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) iv. l. 31 (MED) Whanne it drowe to þe day of þe dede-doynge.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 38 It drew to the nicht.

1641 S. D'Ewes in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) 169 It drawes nowe towards tenn of the clocke at night.

1748 E. Haywood Life's Progress iii. 23 He..would eat nothing; and as it drew toward evening, cried out he was very sick, and must go to bed.

1826 A. Cunningham Paul Jones I. vi. 189 The brightest day maun draw to night.

1872 R. Broughton Tales for Christmas Eve vi. 72 It is drawing towards eventide, and Elizabeth and I are sitting hand in hand on a quiet bench.

1918 Brookfield (N. Y.) Courier 11 Sept. ‘It is sufficiently evident,’ said Kenneth, as it drew toward night, ‘that this trail has been trodden by more parties than one.’

1983 Courier-Express (DuBois, Pa.) 21 Apr. 18/4 As the afternoon drew toward evening anglers were reporting better luck.

2013 S. Shoemaker & J. Pittard Paintings & their Stories 19 As it draws towards noon time, Mom sets her beans off the stove, comes outside, and asks where brother David is.

b. intransitive. Chiefly with to, towards: to approach or come to (an end, close, or conclusion).

ΚΠ

c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 623 Þe day of doom draweþ to an ende; Al vr kuyndes haþ lost vr kende.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 22662 Al þing now draus til end.

1664 H. Oldenburg Let. 20 Oct. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 360 I shall draw to an end with annexing some lines out of the penitential letter of Monsieur Sorbieres.

1711 J. Kirkwood Hist. Twenty Seven Gods Linlithgow 69 Let's now draw near a Close, humbly beseeching the Reader not to think, that we have set out this Plea with hyperbolical and superlative Words.

1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 313 The operation draws toward an end.

1821 Examiner 25 Feb. 121/1 It is time I should draw to a conclusion.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 379 The days of Socrates are drawing to a close.

1933 Flying Mag. Oct. 224/2 The parade and military maneuvers are drawing to a close and in a few moments a voice comes over the speakers.

2003 Independent on Sunday 2 Nov. i. 1/2 The unease felt by many Tory MPs as the party's leadership crisis draws to a conclusion.

†51. intransitive and transitive. To move (a chess piece). Also with draught as cognate object (see draught n. 21). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [verb (intransitive)] > move

drawa1393

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 3266 Wherof ensamples ben ynowhe Of hem that thilke merel drowhe.

a1450 ( G. Chaucer Bk. Duchess (Tanner 346) (1871) l. 682 When she my fers caught I wolde haue draw the same draght.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1822 He drouȝe, & seyd ‘chek mate!’

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1809 ‘Draw on,’ seyd the Burgeyse; ‘Beryn! ye have þe wers!’

1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. A.vi Some name him [sc. the Bishop] Archer, because that their draughtes draw alwaies asyde, and neuer forthe right.

c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. l. 3823 The Bauderane..to his poun ane knicht drew syne.

c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. l. 3893 Now draw wysly, for mister is!

52. intransitive. Hunting. Esp. of a hound: to track a quarry by following its scent or a trail of blood; to move slowly towards the quarry. Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by after (also upon), specifying the quarry. Now rare.See also to draw on 6 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw dry-foot at dry-foot adv. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > follow scent or trail

draw1567

to draw or hunt dry-foota1616

trail1736

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > approach after pointing

draw1567

to draw on1677

1567 T. Stapleton Counterblast i. xvi. f. 60^v The Foxe..wil craftely mount from the earth and kepe himself a while vpon the eather of a hedge, only to cause the howndes that drawe after him to leese the sente of the tracte.

1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xxix. 76 When he hath well considered what maner of Hart it may be, and hath marked euery thing to iudge by, then let him draw tyll he come to the couert where he is gone to.

1586 W. Warner Æneidos in Albions Eng. sig. Piii^v Ascanius & hye Companie drawing by Parsie after the Stagge.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. ii. 39 A hound that runs Counter, and yet draws drifoot well.

1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation ii. 82 A Hound will draw better when he is held short, than if he were let at the length of the Liam.

1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 143 The spaniel..draws full, Fearful, and cautious, on the latent prey.

1855 C. Kingsley Heroes (1868) iii. 38 Thrice they snuffed round and round like hounds who draw upon a deer.

1939 Times 31 Mar. 6/5 Whether the hounds are drawing for a fox on the moors..or among the kale fields and the hurdled flocks of the arable countries.

53. intransitive. With adverb or preposition, as on, away, ahead. Gradually to gain on or get further away from an opponent in a race; (in extended use) gradually to gain on or get further away from an opponent in a competition by scoring points.See also to draw out at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw up 5b at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw level at Phrases 13.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > race [verb (intransitive)] > gain ground

draw1823

to draw out1838

to draw up1843

1823 Examiner 16 June 395/2 The boat's crew still drawing on them.

1892 Sat. Rev. 2 July 10/1 Two drew away fast from the others, and the race appeared to be over.

1892 Black & White 6 Aug. 158/2 Gradually drawing upon him.

1927 Field 16 June 1025/1 The unsteadiness thus produced cost the home crew its lead and although it still went up in the ‘tens’ the Aberdonians drew away to win by a length and a quarter.

1980 N.Y. Times 1 June v. 6/3 The Swede drew ahead in the second leg, again leaving himself a double-top finish.

2000 N.Y. Post 16 Nov. 63/3 Spirit of Mike battled with Empire Storm for the early lead and tried to draw away in the stretch.

V. Senses relating to extraction, withdrawal, or removal.

* To remove or extract something.

54.

a. transitive. To pull (a sword, firearm, or other weapon) from its sheath, holster, etc., in readiness for use. Also with a prepositional phrase introduced by on (also upon, against), specifying the person or animal at whom the weapon is directed. Also in figurative contexts (cf. to draw one's pen (also quill) at Phrases 7).See also at daggers drawn at dagger n.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > use or wield (a weapon) [verb (transitive)] > unsling or unsheathe

drawlOE

unsheathea1542

unsling1630

unsheaf1658

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > strike with sword [verb (transitive)] > draw (sword)

abraidOE

braidOE

adrawlOE

drawlOE

ydrawlOE

out-braidc1330

outsheatha1400

undrawc1400

outhelea1500

unsheathea1542

nake1607

unscabbard1611

dissheathe1614

dismounta1616

lOE St. Margaret (Corpus Cambr.) (1994) 168 Drah hraþa þin swurd and þa fæmna þu ofsleah.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14675 Abraham..droh hiss swerd off shæþe.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 61 He wile his swerd dragen.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 2286 He drou is knif & slou þe king.

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1575 Ysonde to tristrem ȝode Wiþ his swerd al drain.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7764 Þou dragh þi suerd and sla me her.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. cij^v/1 Semblably wythout aduys he drewe hys swerde ayenst the And though thou haddest not smeton hym thou myghtest well haue reprehended hym of his offence.

1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 191 Every man draw his knife.

1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. iii. xxiv. 202 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. The Java Lords..Drawing their poyson'd Daggers, cry'd a Mocca upon the English, killing a great number of them.

a1683 A. Sidney Disc. Govt. (1704) ii. xxiv. 153 He that draws his Sword against the Prince..ought to throw away the Scabbard.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 351 They had obliged him to draw the Sword.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. ix. 125 Assaulting a judge, sitting in the court, by drawing a weapon, without any blow struck, is punishable with the loss of the right hand.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 624 The two bishops insisted on Monmouth's owning that, in drawing the sword against the government, he had committed a great sin.

1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. xiii. 292 Are you going to draw a sword upon your friend in your own house?

1897 Daily News 22 Feb. 7/5 The fellow drew a revolver and fired two shots at the arresting constable, who managed, however, each time to deflect the barrel.

1907 Youth's Compan. 16 May 233/4 What's to prevent your drawing a gun on me,..when I'm not looking?

2002 R. Cohen By Sword i. iii. 52 By the reign of George III public brawls were going out of style and swords were drawn less frequently in gambling halls.

2015 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 5 Mar. a21/3 The officer..drew his weapon but said he kept it at a ‘low ready’ position, with his finger off the trigger.

b. intransitive. To draw a sword, firearm, or other weapon. Also with a prepositional phrase introduced by on (also upon, against), specifying the person or animal at whom the weapon is directed.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > use or fight with sword [verb (intransitive)] > draw sword

draw?1570

exhale1600

to lug out1684

?1570 T. Preston Lamentable Trag. Cambises sig. B.iij Doo what thou darest to me. Heere draw and fight.

1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. i. 59 Draw if you be men.

1628 J. Rous Diary (1856) 27 The Captaines..drewe upon the saylers with greate fury.

1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester 8 Some I have known so abominably impudent, that they would snatch up the Stakes, and thereupon instantly draw, saying, if you will have your money you must fight for it.

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 316 We fir'd our Pistols..and then drew.

1862 Temple Bar Feb. 306 It is but ill fighting and base fence to draw upon a foe in a coach.

1904 in War Papers read before Commandery of State Maine (1908) III. 200 ‘As there is no one concealed here it's no harm to fire my revolver into the wheat.’ I drew, cocked and aimed as I spoke.

2002 G. Mallette Promises to Keep xxii. 178 He knew that if they drew on him, they would have to arrest him.

55.

a. transitive. To take (water) from a well or other source, esp. by hauling or pumping it up. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)] > in buckets, esp. from a well

ladec950

draw?a1300

lavec1374

raise1607

bucket1640

?a1300 Fox & Wolf l. 277 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 36 He com to þe putte, and drou.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. ii. 17 Þer wern to þe prest of Madyan seuen douȝters, þe which comen to ben drawe water..þer ouer come schepherdis & þrewen hem oute.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John ii. 8 Jhesu seith to hem, Fille ȝe the pottis with water. And thei filliden hem... Jhesu seith to hem, Drawe ȝe now, and bere ȝe to architriclyn.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5687 Þai war drauand watur.

c1429 Mirour Mans Saluacioune (1986) l. 1127 The thre stronge water drew vpp out of a cisterne.

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 19 (MED) As he was drawand, þer happend of Sodentie a fyssh to com in-to þe bukett.

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Col. ii. f. iiii^v Of this fountayne maye we easly drawe.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xxii. 60 A smal bucket to draw water with.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 138 With Waters drawn from their perpetual Spring.

1698 J. Janeway Token for Mariners 99 We..came to a Well, where there was a Pot with strings to draw with.

1797 Monthly Mag. 3 322 The engine..has been employed, ever since its erection, in drawing water, full seventeen hours per day.

1892 Leisure Hour Aug. 662/2 [They] congregate to draw their water at the old pump.

1999 E. Afr. Standard (Nairobi) 18 Oct. 9/1 Residents continued to draw water from the filthy Garinaro River as taps remained dry.

2014 S. Dharmapala Saree (2015) 13 She had been up at the crack of dawn to draw forty pails of water from the well behind the house.

b. transitive. Mining. To raise (coal or ore) to the surface.

ΚΠ

1727 R. Bradley Houghton's Coll. for Improvem. Husbandry & Trade I. 104 (heading) The manner of drawing coals up.

1810 in Repertory Arts, Manufactures & Agric. (1806) 2nd Ser. 17 136 When the engine is intended to draw coals, it is necessary to turn either way.

1882 R. L. Galloway Hist. Coal Mining xii. 113 The idea of employing water wheels for drawing coal had already begun to receive attention.

1965 W. R. Hardwick Block-caving Copper Mining Methods 73 Failure to draw ore as rapidly as caving took place caused excessive buildup and concentration of weight, timber failure, and delays during repairs.

2019 A. Annakin-Smith Neston Collieries, 1759–1855 iv. 59 The large number of shafts reflects the fact that they were used for various purposes—for drawing coal to the surface, for lowering and raising men and equipment, for ventilation and also for pumping water from the mine.

56.

a. transitive. To pull (something) out; to extract, remove. Now only in specific uses (e.g. senses 56b and 56c).to draw out 1a at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw (the) stumps at stump n.¹ 9a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > by force, effort, or contrivance

to draw outOE

outdrawlOE

drawc1300

win out1362

out-wina1425

windc1535

extract1628

exact1647

exforcipatea1834

to winkle out1942

c1300 St. Katherine (Harl.) l. 267 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 541 Þemperour þo gan drawe his her & sore sike & grone.

c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 408 Hir here sche drouȝ, hir hond sche wrong.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 986 Adam..was wroght at vndern tide, At middai eue draun of his side.

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 66 Men make drawe the braunches þereof & beren hem to ben graffed at Babyloyne.

1550 J. Heywood Hundred Epigrammes xxiv. sig. B This peny father drew his purse apase.

1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. xxi. 98 They most devoutly waited for the blessed hour, when the Batch that was in the Oven was to be drawn.

1753 Extracts Trial J. Stewart in Scots Mag. Aug. 402/2 Having drawn the shot of the loaded piece.

b. transitive. To extract (a tooth); = pull v. 3b. like drawing teeth: used to describe a difficult and protracted process.See also to draw the teeth (also fangs) of (also from, out of) at Phrases 10, to draw (a person's) eyeteeth at eyetooth n. Phrases 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > practise dentistry [verb (transitive)] > extract tooth or teeth

draw?1530

pull1626

untooth1791

?1530 tr. Compost of Ptholomeus sig. m.iii He is..good to be a barboure and a blode letter, and to drawe tethe & is peryllous of his handes.

1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xvii. xxvii. 660 After the tooth is drawn, let the blood flow freely, that so the part may be freed from pain.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Operatour for the Teeth, one skill'd in drawing and cleansing the Teeth, and in making Artificial ones.

1754 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 307 Lady Harriet had a tooth drawn by Rutter,..and he gave three tugs before he got it out!

1837 Amer. Q. Rev. June 446 That functionary had no desire to be questioned; he hemmed, and hawed, and dodged about; but I told him to make a clean heart of it, and then it came out, but it was like drawing teeth, that he had been on a regular foraging expedition among their stores.

1856 R. Stuart Let. 3 Nov. in R. Stuart et al. Stuart Lett. (1961) II. 765 I have never suffered so much in my life, my face has been swollen up to three times its natural size, and our stupid Dr. cannot or will not draw it.

1961 C. McCullers Clock without Hands iii. 55 Poke, Doc's brother, just drew the tooth for me—with novocain and antibiotics.

2019 Times (Nexis) 30 Jan. 11 Mr Flanagan said the pay negotiations have been ‘like drawing teeth’.

c. transitive. To remove (a cork) from a bottle; = pull v. 3c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > open by freeing of obstruction > by bung or plug

unbung1611

unstopple1611

unscrew1653

draw1727

uncork1727

unplug1765

unstopper1839

pull1855

1727 R. Bradley Country Housewife 53 To be sure to draw the Cork without breaking, the Screw ought to go through the Cork.

1812 R. Southey Let. 18 July in Select. from Lett. (1856) II. 284 A new manufactory of a nectar, between soda-water and ginger-beer, and called pop, because ‘pop goes the cork’ when it is drawn.

1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 313/1 The King's name, and the plunk of corks drawn to drink his health, resounded in every house.

2003 R. Rendell Rottweiler xxvi. 295 Becky took a bottle of wine out of Will's fridge and drew the cork.

57.

a. transitive. To disembowel (a person), esp. after hanging as a punishment for high treason. Frequently in to draw and quarter. Cf. to hang, draw, and quarter. Now historical.Sometimes, esp. when paired with hang, difficult to distinguish from sense 2 which refers to dragging a person to a place of execution.In quot. a1393: intransitive for passive with the sense ‘to be disembowelled’.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > disembowel

bowel1330

drawc1330

embowel1521

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1797 Sche swore bi godes rode Þai schuld ben hong and drain.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 1948 (MED) Atteint thei were be the lawe And diemed forto honge and drawe.

1465 J. Payn in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 315 I was arestyd..and was thretenyd to haue ben honged, drawe, and quarteryd.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 278 Sum yai hangyt and sum yai drew.

?a1556 Grey Friars Chron. anno 1327 in R. Howlett Monumenta Franciscana (1882) II. 152 Thys yere was Roger Mortemer erle of March hangyd and drawne at Tyborne for tresoun.

1660 S. Pepys Diary 13 Oct. (1970) I. 265 I went out..to see Major-Generall Harrison hanged, drawn, and quartered..he looking as cheerfully as any man could do in that condition.

1682 S. Pordage Medal Revers'd 178 Those men, whom they can neither hang nor draw.

1766 J. Entick New Hist. London II. xv. 330 Cornish was, on the 23d of the same month, hanged, drawn and quartered, at the end of King's-street, Cheapside.

1865 Standard 6 Oct. 5/5 If the American Marat could have his way, Mr. Davis would not only be hanged, but drawn and quartered.

1982 J. Saul God Project (1986) viii. 79 I probably should have been drawn and quartered, then strung up for the vultures to feed on.

2015 Kwani? 8 349 I knew those devils would rather have me drawn and quartered than let [me] live to bear witness to their acts.

b. transitive. To remove the viscera from (an animal, esp. a bird) before cooking.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of fowls > prepare fowls [verb (transitive)] > clean or disembowel

scalda1400

draw1440

fillet1846

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 131 Drawe fowlys, or dysbowaylyn, excaterizo, eviscero.

a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 81 (MED) Rabbette rosted. Take a Rabbette and sle him And drawe him.

a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 35 Þo crane schalle fyrst enarmed be..Draȝun at þo syde as wodcockis.

1587 A. W. Bk. Cookrye (rev. ed.) f. 19^v Scalde the Chickins, drawe them, and pull out the brest bones. Then season them with Cloues and Mace.

1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick i. vi. 27 Take a Goose or Duck that is fat, pluck it and draw it.

1775 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. Housekeeper (new ed.) 66 When you kill them, slip the skin off the head and neck with the feathers on, then pluck and draw them.

1813 J. Simpson Compl. Syst. Cookery (new ed.) 4 Draw a turkey three days before it is intended to be dressed.

1893 Field 4 Mar. 331/1 The proper mode of removing the neck, crop, and merrythought, and drawing the fowl.

1907 Kirmess Cook Bk. xii. 179 Singe and draw a chicken weighing about three pounds and cut the flesh into square pieces.

2013 L. Lane Christmas Wish 160 I would never have left school if I'd thought that all I would do was pluck and draw chickens, and salt bacon for the next two years.

58.

a. transitive. To take (drink) from a keg or cask by means of a pump or tap. Cf. draught n. Compounds 1c, to draw off 2 at Phrasal verbs 1.See also to draw blood at Phrases 2, to draw it mild at Phrases 11.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)]

draw1379

to draw off1594

tap1598

broach1649

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (transitive)] > make or allow (to) flow

draw1379

flow1413

unsluice1611

flush1815

tide1861

unsiphon1878

1379 [implied in: 1379 in C. Fenwick Poll Taxes 1377, 1379 & 1381 (2005) III. 64/4 Johannes Aledrawer'. (at drawer n.¹ 2)].

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxii. l. 401 Ich couþe..drawe at one hole Thicke ale and þynne ale.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. l. 49 (MED) He sette a soure lof to-for vs..And sith he drough vs drynke.

1560 J. Heywood Fourth Hundred Epygrams vii. sig. Av Y^e butler drawth & drinkth beere.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Spina, a spigot, a gimblet, a forcehead, or tap to drawe drinke with.

1682 Art & Myst. of Vintners 73 Draw half your Wine into another Butt; then take your Lags of all sorts that do not prick.

?1730 Round about Coal-fire i. 2 While Tom run harum scarum to draw a jug of ale.

1786 J. Woodforde Diary 8 Dec. (1926) II. 288 I asked him to drink and told Betty to draw some but he would not let her draw him any after my back was turned.

1812 Diurnal Readings ccclxi. 565 He should go into the butlery of the king's palace there, and draw..as much wine as should be needful for making a pitcher of claret.

1862 Temple Bar Nov. 529 You may draw me a mug of ale.

1914 H. H. Peerless Diary 13 June in Brief Jolly Change (2003) 185 To cellar with Mr H. to draw the beer.

1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) iii. 92 The home-brewed ale is drawn from a mahogany cask in the corner, and offered to me.

2013 T. Pynchon Bleeding Edge vi. 55 The drink..was a Papa Doble, which Hector the bartender, previously only seen drawing beers and pouring shots, assembled..as if he'd been doing it all week.

†b. intransitive. To draw drinks in a tavern or inn; to work as a drawer (drawer n. 3). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor i. iii. 10 Ile entertaine Bardolfe. He shall tap, he shall draw.

59. transitive. Of an organism (esp. a plant) or one of its parts: to absorb (water, nutrients, etc.). More generally: to take in, to soak up (liquid, etc.).

ΚΠ

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxxvii. 1032 Þe roote is ygendred of humour of þe erþe by worchyng of hete, and hete of heuene euene [emended in ed. to hete of heuene] entreþ and cometh þerinne and by vertu þerof acordynge thendyng [emended in ed. to fedyng] and norisshyng is edraue and ecorporat þerto.

?c1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1886) iii. pr. xi. 76 They [sc. plants] drawen alle hyr norysshynges by hyr rootes, ryht as they haddyn hyr Mowthes I-plounged with-in the erthes.

a1671 F. Drope Short & Sure Guid Fruit-trees (1672) vi. 118 If it [sc. a severed tree root] dy not, it will the next spring send forth several young shoots; by reason that the sap which the root draweth, hath no way else to vent it self, then by setting up new trees instead of the old one.

1830 R. Heathfield tr. F. X. De Gamboa Comm. Mining Ordinances Spain II. xix. 122 Others conceive, that the earth, like a dry sponge, draws and sucks in the waters of the sea, as sponge does water from a vessel.

1988 R. B. Ross Bet's on, Lizzie Bingman! 9 Jack soaked up the compliments like a sponge drawing water.

2008 L. Brown Appl. Princ. Hort. Sci. (ed. 3) 108 This [sc. the highly concentrated starch reserves within a seed] draws water by osmosis and the seed swells, leading to germination.

60. transitive. To attract (purulent material, a humour, or other substance) so as to disperse or remove it, often by bringing it to the surface of the body; to treat (an injury or wound) in this way. Also intransitive: to act in this way. Also with adverb (cf. to draw out 1a at Phrasal verbs 1). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > disperse, etc., humours or morbid matter

cleansec1000

resolvea1398

slaya1400

dissolvec1400

evacuec1400

mundify?a1425

repel?a1425

attenuate1533

evacuate1533

discuss?1537

divert?1541

extenuate1541

intercide?1541

educe1574

scour1577

attray1579

clenge1582

divertise1597

derive1598

revel1598

display1607

draw1608

incide1612

correct1620

fuse1705

lavage1961

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xxxiv. 930 Dyacalamentum..draweþ outward þe venym.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 227 Leie þerto resoluyng þingis þat ben not to strong, & þat þei drawe not to harde.

a1500 (a1450) tr. Secreta Secret. (Ashm. 396) (1977) 58 Perismon and agnaricon..draweth blak collir and repressen the humours of melancoly.

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 302 He scarified the place, and drawed it with cupping-glasses.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §38 Rubarb draweth Choller..Agaricke Flegme.

1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 565 In order for a blister to ‘draw’ thoroughly, it usually has to be left on some eight hours.

1890 R. D. Blackmore Kit & Kitty (ed. 3) III. vii. 96 As soon as his poultice began to draw.

2014 D. Cummings & A. Holmes Medicinal Gardening Handbk. 107/1 Just putting clay paste onto poison ivy and letting it dry out to draw the pus, can work wonders!

61.

a. transitive and intransitive. To select (one or more items) at random from a number of similar items, in order to determine which of a group of people will receive something (such as a prize) or do something (such as military service). Cf. draw n. 7.Earliest in to draw cut at cut n.¹ 1a.See also to draw lots at lot n. Phrases 2a(b), to draw short and long at short n. 3, to draw straws at straw n.¹ 5h, to draw valentines at Valentine n. 3a, to draw out of the hat at hat n. Phrases 5a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > choose in specific way [verb (transitive)] > select from a number or for a purpose

markOE

to choose out1297

out-trya1325

cullc1330

welec1330

try1340

walea1350

coil1399

drawa1400

to mark outa1450

electa1513

sorta1535

prick1536

exempta1538

select1567

sort1597

to gather out1611

single1629

delibate1660

to cut out1667

outlooka1687

draught1714

draft1724

to tell off1727

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > make types of choice [verb (intransitive)] > choose or decide by lot

to cast lots (also lot)a1275

to draw lots (also lot)c1425

lot1483

to draw valentines?1553

draw1634

to draw a straw or straws1832

to draw short and long1870

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16699 A-bute his kirtel drou þai cutt, qua suld it bere a-wai.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 466 I rede, that cut amonges vs alle Be drawe, and lat se wher the cut wol falle And he þ^t hath the cut with herte blithe Shal renne to towne.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 703 (MED) Who shall..gyn som mery tale?..wee shuld now be-gyn to draw lott.

1634 H. H. in T. Herbert Relation Trav. To Earle of Pembroke sig. A3^v The Worlds a Lott'ry; He that drawes may win.

1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester v. 65 The first remove is an advantage, and therefore you must draw for who shall have the first draught, which may be done with a black and white man distributed in to either hand.

a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) I. 192 Such, as attended, drew for their lots; and located them at their pleasure.

1886 Lesterre Durant I. xi. 159 They had drawn for partners, and he was congratulating himself on his luck.

1920 Daughters of Amer. Revol. Mag. Nov. 635/1 A lottery was held at Headquarters in which Robert Hanson Harrison drew for the North Carolina troops.

1937 Laredo (Texas) Times 11 June 1/4 When the name was drawn there was nobody present to take the big $850 lottery pot.

2006 D. G. Schwartz Roll Bones xii. 279 To play keno, the roller placed ninety balls into a wooden sphere called a goose, shook it, and started drawing numbers.

b. transitive. To select (a person or thing) by drawing lots; to win (something) in a draw or lottery.See also to draw a bye at bye n.¹ 1b, to draw a guernsey at Guernsey n. 2a, to draw the pole at pole n.¹ 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > choose in specific way [verb (transitive)] > choose or get by lot

takec1175

sort1513

draw1564

lot1617

ballot1785

1564 A. Golding tr. Justinus Hist. Trogus Pompeius xxi. f. 96^v Dennis..exhorted them to send their wiues & daughters,..into the temple of Venus, out of the which ther should be a hundred drawen by lot to perfourme the common vow.

1608 Great Frost sig C3 That Lotterie was onely for money, and euery lot was ten shillings..and the common burden of that song, when poore prizes were drawne, was Two pence halfe-pennie.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 124. ⁋1 Neither of them had drawn the Thousand Pound.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1784 II. 516 Johnson was once drawn for the militia.

1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) II. 214 The jury is drawn very fairly.

1862 Temple Bar Jan. 251 She contributed her half-crown to a Derby sweepstakes..and triumphantly drew the winning horse.

1907 Pearson's Mag. Sept. 326/2 Lottery shoe-blacks, in whose shops, when you paid three pence for a ‘shine’, you ran a pleasant risk of drawing ten pounds as a prize.

1997 A. Barnett This Time vi. 180 In classical Athens there was a 201-strong governing jury drawn by lot on an equal basis from each of the city state's twelve tribes.

2002 Sunday Times (Nexis) 15 Sept. 54 To be born a slinky-hipped..Latin is to have drawn first prize in the lottery of life.

c. transitive. To conduct (a lottery); to select the winning numbers, tickets, etc., for (a lottery). Also intransitive: (of a lottery) †to be drawn, to take place (obsolete).

ΚΠ

1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. H3^v For whether ripe or rotten, drop we shall, as we do drawe the lotterie of our doome.

1607 E. Howes Stow's Chron. (new ed.) 434 A Lotterie for merueilous rich and bewtifull armour, was begunne to be drawne at London.

1695 J. Evelyn Diary (1952) 334 The State Lottery drawing, Mr Cock..drew a lot of £1,000 per annum.

1710 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 15 Sept. (1948) I. 19 Colonel Froud and I went to see the million lottery drawn at Guildhall.

1756 B. Franklin Let. 5 Mar. in Papers (1963) VI. 422 The Lottery draws next Monday.

1891 Judge's Libr. Aug. 29 Don't you know that the Alaskan State Lottery draws on the 23d of every month?

2012 R. Finn tr. O. Pamuk Silent House xxx. 314 When are they going to draw the lottery, Ismail?

62. transitive. To catch or try to catch fish by dragging a net through (a river, shore, or other body of water).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (transitive)] > catch fish with net > draw net along

drawc1440

c1440 Sir Degrevant (Thornton) (1949) l. 113 He drew [a1500 Cambr. drowhe] his veures of fysche.

1614 J. White Def. Way True Church v. 23 When a certaine Pope sent to draw a poole for fishes, there were taken vp and brought him aboue sixe thousand infants heads.

1673 Order 10 July in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 83 That no Person do hereafter presume to draw the Shores in the River of Thames.

1758 R. Griffiths Descr. Thames 52 Where Fishermen that draw the Shores usually resort.

1784 W. Cowper Let. 10 Nov. (1981) II. 297 When they drew the river, they presented us with a fine Jack.

?1815 G. Smeeton Fisherman (new ed.) 29 In Scotland they draw the rivers for Salmon with two horses.

1850 Leader & Sat. Analyst 28 Sept. 629/2 The object was to go down and draw the river with a net of peculiar description, of a smaller mesh than usual.

1990 Daily Tel. 27 Oct. (Weeked Suppl.) p. iii/3 With the net bowed between them, they draw the shore together, working out the runnels where the fishes gather.

63.

a. transitive. To remove the contents of (something, esp. an oven or kiln); to empty.See also to draw dry at Phrases 5.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > empty > empty or exhaust

draw1483

rinse1575

sponge1610

clear1699

bottom1808

to clean out1844

deplete1850

deplenish1859

1483 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 89074) (1881) 263 To drawe Owen, defurnare, est de fornace extrahere.

1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Civ^v Firie-ouens..when they are drawn, they deliuer a batch for the deuils tooth.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 24 Feb. (1974) VIII. 82 Their Oven was drawn by 10 a-clock at night.

1741 W. Stephens Jrnl. 23 July in Jrnl. Proc. Georgia (1742) III. 279 He had lately drawn his Kiln of Ware, which was baking a second Time.

1748 W. Brownrigg Art of making Common Salt ii. ii. 69 Those who desire to have their salt of a small grain, boil it pretty hastily, and draw it out of the brine as soon as a considerable quantity of it is fallen to the bottom of the pan, often drawing the pan five or six times during the time that the salt is forming.

1919 Coal Age 19 Jan. 44/2 It takes considerable time to draw an oven by hand and the oven is losing valuable heat during the operation.

1998 B. Lopez About this Life ix. 168 It takes only half as many hours to unload or ‘draw’ the kiln.

b. transitive. Of a plant or its roots: to drain (soil) of nutrients. Now rare (English regional in later use).

ΚΠ

1738 S. Trowell New Treat. Husbandry xx. 68 They are as bad for the Plough Ground, for the Roots will draw the Ground, so as to spoil the Corn.

1743 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman (Dublin ed.) July 24 The Roots of this Plant, as they Draw the Earth very much, force on and give the Stalks a new Head.

1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 281 Carrots do not draw the ground more than swede turnips.

1899 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1900) II. at Draw It drors the ground so, leavin' the cabbages in to sprout.

c. transitive. To drain the udders of (a cow) of milk; to milk (a cow). Now Scottish (northern). Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Banffshire and Aberdeenshire in 1940.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > dairy farming > dairy farm [verb (transitive)] > milk an animal

milkOE

milch1570

draw1792

spank1897

1792 W. Skirving Husbandman's Assistant ii. i. 73 The maids will then come to draw the cows; during which time, you must not be absent on any account.

1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 49 The calf should be allowed to draw the cow fully.

1889 J. Clark & W. Clark Leisure Musings 88 I've five milk kye, amo' the best That e'er wi' thumbs were drawn.

1928 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland I. 120/2 To milk the cow (esp. of milking at an irregular time),..to draw de coo.

64.

†a. transitive. Falconry. To remove (a hawk) from the mew (mew n.² 3a) after it has moulted. Also intransitive. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cij An hawke is neuer full ferme nor redy forto drawe owte of mew vnto tyme his sercell be full groyn... Som folkys vsen when an hawke has cast his sarcell to begynne and wash hir meete. and fede hir so in mew with wash meete a monyth or .vi. weekys or euer thay drawe thaym.

1615 G. Markham Countrey Contentments i. vii. 96 Hawkes for the fielde would bee drawne from the mewe in June.

1684 J. Smith Profit & Pleasure United xi. 154 If you intend to fly at the River, draw in August, and prepare against September.

1773 J. Campbell Treat. Mod. Faulconry xxviii. 205 A hawk drawn from the mew cannot be wel prepared for flight in less than the space of four weeks.

b. transitive. To select and set apart (sheep) from the flock, for breeding, fattening, selling, or culling.

ΚΠ

a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 54 Euery yere onys betwixt ester and whitsonday drawe your shepe and loke yeff þey be clene.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxl To drawe shepe and seuer them in dyuers parties.

1719 in J. S. Moore Clifton & Westbury Probate Inventories (1981) 196 Paid Robert Fennell for Drawing the Deceased's Sheep.

1839 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 1 ii. 169 I then proceeded..to draw forty wether hogs out of my flock of Leicesters.

1906 Jrnl. Bath & West & Southern Counties Soc. 1 125 Forty-six sheep were drawn July 24 and August 18 for the butcher, and sold by weight.

1988 M. Buckett Introd. Farm Organisation & Managem. ix. 244 Sheep are only gathered twice, for clipping and for drawing lambs for sale.

65.

a. transitive. To extract (the juice, oil, or another fluid) from something by pressure, infusion, osmosis, etc.

ΚΠ

?a1547 Ten Recipes Henry VIII in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. ix. 222 Drawe the muscellage of them with rose-water and white wyne.

1639 I. W. tr. P. Guybert Charitable Apothecarie i. xi, in tr. P. Guybert Charitable Physitian 73 To draw the Juice of Cherries..take out the stones and presse them.

1755 J. Wesley Primitive Physick (ed. 5) 82 Take frequently a Spoonful of Barley-water sweetened with Oil of sweet Almonds newly drawn.

1837 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. III. 313 How are the gravies to be drawn, if the cook goes to church?

1970 Vermont Life Spring 58/2 Crush half the berries with a heavy fork to draw the juice.

1993 Encycl. Americana (Internat. ed.) XII. 181/1 The fur is dampened, shaken, stroked, combed, and ironed by running a padded iron over it to draw the oils to the surface.

2005 M. Wareing in J. Norman Cook's Bk. 272/2 Salt will draw the juices from raw meat if it is left to stand for any length of time.

b. transitive. To cause (tea) to undergo the extraction of flavour from the leaves; to allow (tea) to infuse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > preparation of drinks > [verb (transitive)] > infuse

infuse1541

brewa1626

draw1736

mask1799

mash1845

the world > food and drink > drink > preparation of drinks > [verb (transitive)] > make tea

draw1736

to make tea1845

brew1868

infuse1891

wet1902

to drum up1910

mast1963

1736 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum (ed. 2) To Draw, has many senses; as..to draw a tea.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby ix. 80 He will be here by the time the tea's drawn.

1883 W. G. Stables Tea viii. 101 A woollen nightcap kind of an arrangement, which some worthy people stick over the teapot on the table to make it draw the tea by retaining the heat.

2005 J. Martyn Ringfort to Runway ii. iv. 147 Nonia got up again. The tea was drawn.

c. intransitive. Of tea: to undergo the extraction of flavour from the leaves; to infuse the water. Also of a teapot: to enable the tea to infuse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > serving tea or coffee > [verb (intransitive)] > become infused (of tea)

draw1786

1786 J. A. Cope Ess. Virtues Ginseng Tea 8 It will draw very well, and have the colour of fine green tea.

1820 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 8 14 [The tea] took a long time to draw.

1836 Gentleman's Mag. June 627/1 I like the teapot always to have time to draw.

1891 Morning Post 25 Dec. 6/5 If people buy strong Indian tea and put the same quantity into the pot as they do of China tea..the liquor draws too strong.

1988 N. Virtue Then upon Evil Season ix. 104 While the tea was drawing in the pot, Lubin said to Effie, ‘I'm going back out there after dark.’

1992 C. Tóibín Heather Blazing (1993) ii. 28 Carmel brought him toast and a poached egg and left the teapot on the table for the tea to draw.

66. transitive. Hunting. To search (a wood, covert, etc.) for game or a quarry.See also to draw (a wood, covert, etc.) blank at Phrases 8b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > search for game

hunta1440

draw1575

try1909

1575 [implied in: G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie 242 When huntesmen doe beate any Couerte with kennell houndes for any chase, it is called drawing of the Couert. (at drawing n. 1)].

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iv. 68 When they shal in thickets thee coouert maynelye be drawing.

a1793 G. White Observ. Quadrupeds in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 212 Though the huntsman drew Hartley Wood..yet no stag could be found.

1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany ix. 143 To open the hunting season by drawing the forest..for wolves.

1891 Field 7 Nov. 693/2 Two of the..coverts were drawn without success.

1998 P. Lively Spiderweb (1999) i. 5 Hounds moved off to draw Pinner Wood, where they found and went away across Hallows Farm.

2014 H. MacDonald H is for Hawk iv. 40 He kept meticulous hunting diaries to record his progress: number of miles hacked and coverts drawn.

67.

a. transitive. Of a drain or channel: to convey (water) away; to cause (water) to drain off. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)] > by draining

draina1552

draw1580

spring1597

unwater1642

the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > lose liquid or moisture by draining [verb (intransitive)]

drain1699

draw1843

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Vn Rayon..a drane to drawe the water out of a field.

1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 741 It hath a or Shaft to draw Water from the Mine.

a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 502 That a rhine may be cut and made through Mere Heathway at the heath rhine to draw the heath water from the floor between Mere Heathway & Ham Wall.

1843 Farmer's Mag. July 46/1 These drains draw quickly, and are durable on the best chalky-clay soils.

1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 6 ii. 573 The deep drains draw the water from a distance of 22 feet.

1912 C. G. Elliott Pract. Farm Drainage (new ed.) ii. 12 This accounts for the popular notion that a covered drain ‘draws’ better than an open one.

1991 New Scientist 25 May 41/2 Agnew predicts that these ‘buried open drains’ will draw water away from walls more effectively.

b. intransitive. Of a liquid: to drain off, to percolate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > away

to run off1607

draw1608

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 243 They forsake the water when it draweth or falleth lowe.

1810 G. Robertson Gen. View Kincardineshire xiii. 368 The subsoil is so concreted, or hard, that water does not draw or filter beyond a few feet of distance.

1856 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 17 ii. 488 It is a common belief that water draws better down a curved drain than a straight one.

1918 Domest. Engin. 2 Mar. 331/1 If the water draws through the heater, the velocity is so high that it is not heated.

1997 J. Van Loon & P. Bortolotti Echoes from Edge iii. 45 The apartment remains silent except for the dripping noise of the coffee as it draws through the filter.

68.

a. transitive. To take or be dealt (a playing card) from the deck; to have (a particular hand) as a result of this.

ΚΠ

1591 R. Greene Notable Discouery of Coosenage f. 5 The Barnacle when he hath drawn one Card sayth, ile eyther winne something or loose something.

a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1618) sig. H2^v For either Faustus prime is with three knaues, Or Marcus neuer can encounter right, Yet drew two aces.

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 46 The other Country-fellow, that was..drawing his Cards.

?1870 F. Hardy & J. R. Ware Mod. Hoyle 156 When a player draws two cards instead of one, he intimates the fact at once.

1887 ‘S. Cumberland’ Queen's Highway 276 Some one at the table had drawn a ‘full hand’ of a higher denomination.

1946 C. McCullers Member of Wedding iii. 173 In those bridge games..nobody ever drew a good hand.

1966 H. Brean Traces of Merrilee xvii. 166 I drew the five of diamonds—a portent.

2000 B. McNally How to play Poker & Win 23 Should he call the bet hoping to draw the flush and probably win the pot or should be cut his losses and fold?

b. intransitive. To take a card or cards from the deck; to be dealt a card or cards from the deck. Also: to take a domino from the stock (see, e.g., quot. 1814).

ΚΠ

c1715 Games most in Use 36 The nearest to it may win, he having the Privilege to draw, or not to draw as he pleases, according as he finds it convenient, by the Cards that are in his Hand.

1814 C. Jones Hoyle's Games Improved (new ed.) 183 Sometimes when two persons play, they take each only seven pieces, and agree to play or draw, i. e. when one cannot come in, or pair with the pieces on the board at the end unmatched, he then is to draw from the fourteen pieces in stock till he find one to suit.

1848 E. Bennett Mike Fink i. 8/2 The old woman made no reply, but passing the cards to Fink, motioned him to draw from the pack.

1882 Poker 31 Scott drew to ‘fill a straight and a flush both’.

1891 Field 28 Nov. 842/3 The dealer can only draw from the stock.

1913 R. F. Foster Cooncan 11 As long as no player has succeeded in getting rid of all his cards, each player in turn continues to draw and discard, until the pack runs out.

2002 A. Bellin Poker Nation ix. 154 I palm the necessary card from my hand when it's his turn to draw, place it on top of the deck, and deal it to him.

†69. transitive. Criminals' slang. To steal (something) from a person, esp. by picking his or her pocket; to pick the pocket of (a person). Also: to steal from (a place). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1591 [implied in: R. Greene Notable Discouery of Coosenage f. 8^v In Figging Law... Taking the Purse, Drawing. (at drawing n. 3)].

1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Wiper drawer, a pickpocket, one who steals handkerchiefs; he drew a broad, narrow, cam, or speckt wiper, he picked a pocket of a broad, narrow, cambrick, or coloured handkerchief.

1799 Sporting Mag. Feb. 259/1 Drawing a reader with bank screens—Stealing a pocket-book with bank notes. Drawing a thimble—Stealing a watch from the side or fob.

1827 Newcastle Mag. June 255 I drew a swell of his wipe as clean as your nose.

1829 W. Maginn tr. E. F. Vidocq et al. Mem. IV. App. 263 I met a swell, a well-togged spark. I stops a bit: then toddles quicker, For I'd prigged his reader, drawn his ticker.

1846 R. L. Snowden Magistrate's Assistant 344 To rob a till, to pinch a lob: or draw a damper.

70.

a. transitive. To withdraw (something), esp. to withdraw (a horse) from a race. Frequently in earlier sporting use: to withdraw (a bet or wager): see also to draw stakes at stake n.² 1d.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > withdraw

withdraw?c1225

surtrayc1440

surtretec1440

abstract1449

subtracta1538

substract1542

extracta1572

draw1600

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. i. 151 Goe wash thy face and draw the action.

1708 Brit. Apollo 15–20 Oct. We wou'd..advise the Wagerers to draw Stakes.

1741 London Evening-Post 28 July The Odds turn'd in the Match several Times on both Sides, and when play'd out, a Tye, which occasion'd the Betts to be drawn on both Sides.

1759 F. Douglas Rural Love 8 Mess James affronted drew his pass.

1809 Brit. Press 5 Apr. in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1810) 13 61 He [sc. a horse] was drawn at the late Westminster races.

1838 J. H. Newman Lett. & Corr. (1891) II. 258 If he would specify any Tract which he wished drawn from publication..I would do so forthwith.

1848 Bell’s Life in London 10 Sept. 6/3 All bets were drawn on the field in the usual manner when the game is undecided.

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. ix. 411 ‘Rory-o-more drawn. Butterfly colt amiss’, shouted the student.

1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 445/3 A and B start in a race..A is drawn on account of lameness; B finishes the race.

1884 Wigan Observer 1 Nov. 8/3 [Wrestling] The referee ordered the men to weigh in on Monday at the same time as on Saturday, and renew hostilities at three o'clock. All bets were drawn.

1909 Daily Republican (Rushville, Indiana) 2 Sept. 1/5 Smith..alighted on his feet running and never fell. The Duke was drawn from the race.

2006 Guardian (Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island) (Nexis) 9 Aug. b/3 Liams Irish Luck from the Jim Whelan Stable was drawn because of lameness.

b. transitive. To leave the outcome of (a match or contest) undecided; to cause (a match or contest) to end in a draw.The more usual term in North America for causing a match to end when each competitor has the same score is tie (see tie v. 7d). [The semantic development of this sense is not entirely clear, but may have been via an unattested original sense ‘to withdraw from, abandon, give up (a contest)’.]

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete with [verb (transitive)] > leave (a contest) undecided

draw1610

society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > be equal with > draw a game

draw1610

1610 [implied in: D. Carleton Let. 17 June in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) I. 115 It concluded, as it is many times in a cock pit, with a drawn match; for nothing was in the end put to the question. (at drawn adj. 7)].

1664 J. Moyle in H. Bold Poems sig. A6^v For whom, the Muses, and the Graces strove, Which should deserve him best, to be their Love: At length they drew the match, (yet left it fair:) And each compounded in him, for a share.

1756 W. Payne Introd. Game of Draughts 53 (heading) Critical situations to draw Games.

1808 J. H. Sarratt Treat. Game of Chess II. 197 The player who has the Pawn, must..play it with great caution, else his adversary will frequently be enabled to draw the game.

1878 W. Besant & J. Rice By Celia's Arbour I. v. 64 Once or twice the battle was drawn by foreign intervention.

1892 Graphic 10 Sept. 302/3 The tendency to draw a match rather than gain a victory at the cost of an individual wicket or two is far less marked.

2019 Scotsman (Nexis) 2 Mar. We won our league without losing or even drawing a game and scored hundreds of goals.

c. transitive. Cricket. To cause (a match) to have no winner, because the team batting last has not completed its innings (i.e. been bowled out or exceeded the opposing team's score) by the end of the scheduled playing time. Cf. draw n. 19b.Normally contrasted with tie, which is used when there is no winner because the scores are level after both teams have completed their innings.Draw is used in matches that are scheduled to last for a certain period of time, and not in limited-overs matches.

ΚΠ

1785 Kentish Gaz. 22 July After the greatest exertions on both sides (from its equality) was agreed to be drawn.

1839 Chelmsford Chron. 12 July As it is a rule amongst these gentlemen never to exceed the day's play, the match is considered as drawn.

1871 ‘Thomsonby’ Cricketers in Council 59 To ‘draw’ a match by refusing to play the ten minutes necessary for finishing it is, in our opinion, a very paltry proceeding.

1881 Boy's Own Paper 23 Apr. 487/1 Both the Clifton and Marlborough matches were drawn—the Clifton match greatly in their favour.

1923 John Wisden’s Cricketers’ Almanack (ed. 60) ii. 43 A splendid match had to be left drawn through bad weather.

1953 Playfair Cricket Ann. 43 This match [sc. between New Zealand and South Africa], and also the one against Otago, was drawn.

1998 Daily Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 8 Apr. 71 Warringah only had to draw or tie the match to win the competition.

d. intransitive. To play in a game or contest in which the outcome is a draw; to achieve the same score or ranking as another competitor or team.The more usual term in North America is tie (see tie v. 7a).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete or rival [verb (intransitive)] > be equal in a contest

tie1870

draw1880

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete or rival [verb (intransitive)] > leave a contest undecided

draw1880

1880 Cambr. Rev. 10 Nov. 72/2 Against the old Wykehamists under Association rules we ‘drew’ with two goals each.

1892 Evening News & Post 13 Feb. (Special ed.) 1/7 The Oxford ‘Socker’ team drew with the Old Wykehamists.

1895 Westm. Gaz. 2 Nov. 7/2 If First Trinity wins, it will be the first success they have had since they drew twenty-one years ago.

1973 P. Arnold & C. Davis Hamlyn Bk. World Soccer 121/1 They..lost to Russia, drew with Chile, eliminated Italy, qualified for the quarter-finals and led Portugal by three goals before the scythe of Eusebio finally cut them down.

2007 P. Crerand Never turn Other Cheek vii. 139 We drew 3–3.., a game famous for the spurs goalkeeper Pat Jennings scoring direct from a kick-out.

71. transitive. To pull (bulbs, vegetables, etc.) from the ground; to harvest (root vegetables). Now rare.

ΚΠ

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ vii. 112 After a year or two divers young Springs may be drawn with Roots, and planted at a distance.

1718 R. Bradley New Improvem. Planting & Gardening: Pt. 3 127 The Radishes will soon be fit to draw, and the Carrots be ready for the Table about May.

1842 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 3 ii. 387 A poor crop of turnips..one half of which was drawn, and the other eaten off by sheep.

1881 Hampshire Advertiser 27 Aug. 2/5 As soon as the onion crop is sufficiently ripe have the bulbs drawn during fine weather.

1943 Cornishman 3 June 5/3 Farmers in the district are starting to draw early potatoes.

72. transitive. In fox-hunting and badger baiting: to drag or force (a fox or badger) from its hole.See also to draw the badger at badger n.² Phrases 1, badger drawing n. at badger n.² Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > drive from lair or cover

starta1393

raisec1425

to put upa1475

rear1486

uprear1486

to start out1519

rouse1531

uncouch?a1562

to den outa1604

dislodge1632

tufta1640

draw1781

jump1836

1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting xxii. 310 If you let the fox first seize your whip, the hound will draw him more readily.

1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 272 You see this little terrier..many a fox has he drawn from earth.

1844 J. T. J. Hewlett Parsons & Widows I. iii. 62 Bait cats, and draw badgers.

1933 Times 6 Nov. 4/6 They then raced towards Stainburn Willows, turned, and marked to ground near Leathley Hall. One hound drew the fox, and he was killed.

1975 W. Boorer in Beautiful Animals 131/1 He decided to improve the rather nondescript mongrel terriers used for bolting foxes and drawing badgers.

†73. transitive. To process (clover or trefoil) by removing the husks from the seeds; to separate (seeds) from husks. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1813 Norfolk Chron. & Norwich Gaz. 14 Aug. A corn thrashing machine, that will work with two or four horses, and will cobb and draw clover seed.

1827 Bury & Norwich Post 7 Feb. His men had been drawing trefoil, and about 300 sacks of the dirt having accumulated in the barn, heated, and broke out in flames.

1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 283 Seed is drawn on a wooden frame on which the cob is laid, while 5 or 6 men hammer away with flails.

1880 J. W. Hill Illustr. Guide Agric. Implem. 73 These Machines will draw from three to four bushels of Clover, and from four to six of Trefoil Seed per hour, with the same Barrel, thereby..dispensing entirely with the trouble of shifting the Barrels every time it is desired to change from drawing Clover to Trefoil.

74. transitive. To separate a width of (machine-made lace) into sections by removing the threads joining the sections. Cf. draw thread n. at draw- comb. form 1. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1835 Nottingham Rev. 10 Apr. 2/5 Elizabeth Strangeway, 19, was charged with stealing a variety of apparel, belonging to Sarah Calton, her mistress... She employed the prisoner in drawing lace.

1843 Penny Satirist 25 Mar. 2/3 Dear little creatures are sent to draw lace at three and four years of age.

1991 J. Worthen D. H. Lawrence: Early Years (1992) i. iv. 17 His daughters were ‘ladies’—even if they worked at drawing lace.

75. transitive. To fill a bathtub with (water for a bath); to run (a bath). Also intransitive: (of a bath) to be run.

ΚΠ

1850 Water-cure Jrnl. June 187/1 I..drew a bath of about ninety degrees, set him in it, and commenced rubbing his body.

1896 E. P. Train Social Highwayman i. 11 I had ample time, before my master rang, to set the apartment in order..and draw his bath.

1927 Weekly Irish Times 17 Sept. 19/5 The girl..was now asking..if she should draw her bath water.

1951 T. Sterling House without Door ii. x. 108 While the bath was drawing she took toothbrush..and deodorant from her bathroom cabinet.

2014 Daily Mail (Nexis) 20 Jan. On more gloomy nights he would..draw me a bath where I would soak away my mood.

†76. transitive. Cricket. To take (a wicket). Cf. to draw (the) stumps at stump n.¹ 9a. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1861 Once a Week 10 Aug. 182/1 When I drew his wicket with..my second ball, he broke his bat upon the ground in a sudden fit of rage.

77. transitive. To extract (a sample of a liquid, esp. blood) with a syringe, pipette, or other suction device. Cf. to draw blood at Phrases 2b.

ΚΠ

1870 Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med. Apr. 70 I have once drawn fluid when it was of honey-like consistence, so that it took time for it to come to a level in the basin where it fell.

1881 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 82 66 Each time only a drachm or two of very thick pus was drawn, owing to the needle becoming clogged.

1954 Biometrics 10 222 Three people each drew a sample of the fluid to the 0.1 mark of a Thoma-Ziess white cell pipet.

1994 Dog World Jan. 36/3 A CBC is like a snapshot of the blood, indicating what is happening with the blood at the moment the sample was drawn.

** To obtain, derive, or elicit something.

78.

a. transitive. With †of, from: to take or obtain (something) from a particular source, esp. a source of information; to derive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > obtain from a source or derive

takec1175

drawa1300

to take out of ——1483

suck1535

to suck out1546

derive1561

extract1596

to take up1610

a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 210 Alle we atter draȝen off ure eldere, Ðe broken Driȝtinnes word.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iii. xxiii. 126 Of þat book we drouȝ what we telliþ of þis matere.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5581 Of israel sede..wald he drau his manhede.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 193 Now we han medycyns drawen of .ij. wellis & of manie maistris.

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) Prol. l. 144 On of faire..Of the which I am drawen lynyally.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Tabil sig. *.iii^v Foure familiar exempillis drawin fra ye haly scripture.

1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 376 The stocke from whence he draweth his descent.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xxvi. 157 The Legate used an inartificiall argument drawn from the authority of his place.

1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 232 Which kind of custom happily the Chineses drew from the Persians.

1758 S. Johnson Let. 21 Sept. (1992) I. 167 The consolation which is drawn from truth..is solid and durable.

1800 W. Whiter (title) Etymologicon magnum..with illustrations drawn from various languages.

1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 197 This incidental hint may perhaps draw some indirect confirmation from the highest evidence of all.

1907 Oxf. Mag. 12 June 413/2 A collection of other matter drawn from various sources, all bearing upon the great batsmen and bowlers.

1977 Punch 31 Aug. 335/3 If you still think that harmonisation is so much Brussels poppycock..then draw comfort from this statistic.

2008 Church Times 1 Aug. 23/1 De Bray drew his subject matter from a popular drama.

b. intransitive. To take or obtain something from a particular source, esp. a source of information.Cf. to draw on —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2 and to draw upon —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2 for senses with a similar meaning.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (intransitive)]

findOE

covera1375

to come therebyc1386

obtain1477

get?1505

draw1755

1755 J. Taylor Elements Civil Law 114 Not different or distinct in their Nature (for they all drew from the same Fountain) but varying in the Force of their Operations only.

1829 Examiner 6 Dec. 772/2 His Lordship has drawn from other sources than his own brain.

1870 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (ed. 2) I. App. 686 We get a spirited account of the Battle of Assandun, from which I have not scrupled to draw largely.

1949 Life 14 Nov. 75 To portray their weaknesses, he drew from a passage by Gregory.

2001 K. H. Carter Gifted Pastor 143 The author draws from his own personal experiences and writes in a style that is accessible and engaging.

79.

a. transitive. With from, out of. To call (something) forth; to elicit; esp. to make a person divulge (something).Cf. sense 37 where there is no suggestion that the object has been deliberately elicited.See also to draw out 5 at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth

movea1398

drawa1400

provoke?a1425

askc1450

to draw out1525

to stir up1526

allure?1532

suscitate1532

to call out1539

to draw fortha1569

draw1581

attract1593

raise1598

force1602

fetch1622

milka1628

invite1650

summon1679

elicit1822

to work up?1833

educe1840

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1522 Organis harp and oþer gleu, He drou þan oute o musik neu.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos vii. sig. Ciiij By subtyl meanes entendyng to drawe from hir som wordes seruynge to theyr entenconn.

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin xiii. 737 His restraint was chiefly to draw from him the secrets of Franciscomaria.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 252. ⁋3 So great an Orator in this Way, that she draws from me what Sums she pleases.

1843 Mirror Lit., Amusem., & Instr. 7 Oct. 231/2 I then made a new attempt to draw from him the cause of his distress.

1861 Temple Bar May 280 He drew from me all the information I had been able to elicit.

1908 Antioch (Illinois) News 25 June 1/6 A reporter visited the Thompson home and drew the story out of the occupants of the house.

2018 S. Saylor Throne of Caesar 64 Gordianus the Finder was said to have an uncanny power to draw secrets from others.

b. transitive. Cards. In whist, bridge, and other trick-taking games: to cause one's opponents to play (their trump cards); to ensure that (trump cards) are played.

ΚΠ

1863 ‘A. C.’ & ‘B. D.’ Whist Stud. xx. 52 A. led clubs, through the presumably strong hand, to give his partner a chance of getting the lead, that he may draw trumps, and bring in his own long suits.

1878 H. H. Gibbs Game of Ombre (ed. 2) 41 He draws all the trumps and wins all the tricks.

1955 A. Sheinwold Bridge Play for Beginners iii. 71 Sometimes your general line of play at a suit contract is to draw trumps fairly early and then develop your other tricks.

2016 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 9 Apr. b11/4 South should win the second heart trick with his ace and draw two rounds of trumps.

80. transitive. To infer, deduce (a conclusion); to make (an inference). Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by from, specifying the basis for the conclusion or inference, e.g. to draw this conclusion from the facts. Cf. sense 89.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > deduce by syllogism [verb (transitive)] > infer

infer1529

draw1573

1573 T. Cartwright Replye to Answere Whitgifte 113 Secondarily, thys error came by a false and vnnecessary conclusyon drawne of that place.

1576 A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. 176 (margin) A conclusion..drawne from hope and bonne esperaunce.

1645 J. Saltmarsh Free-grace v. 98 So as I shall draw this conclusion for many that are in the dark in this point.

1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 132 From innocent Looks drawing what Conclusions they please.

1795 Gentleman's Mag. 65 541/1 Astonished at the logick which could draw such an inference.

1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest I. viii. 136 What inference would you draw from that?

1885 S. Laing Mod. Sc. & Mod. Thought (1894) 146 Conclusions drawn from a totally different class of facts.

1908 Secret Service 24 Jan. 6/1 ‘What do you mean—that there is another?’ ‘Draw your own conclusions. Good day!’

1938 R. Frost in R. P. Tristram Coffin New Poetry of New Eng. vi. 138 A forty year old telegraph operatress had drawn her own inference from my telegrams.

2014 Yorks. Post 7 Nov. 6/2 The actor..branded anyone who had drawn such a conclusion a ‘complete berk.’

81. transitive. To receive (a salary, pension, or other revenue); to withdraw (money held in a bank or other institution). Cf. to draw down 4 at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > receive or take money

takec1300

perceivea1382

rear1418

draw1591

rake1601

to get up1627

touch1654

1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 340 He may drawe the money disbursed at the Officers and Collonels hands.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 86 If euery ducat in sixe thousand ducats were in sixe parts, and euery part a ducat, I would not draw them, I would haue my bond.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King Lear (1623) i. i. 85 What can you say, to draw A third, more opilent then your Sisters?

1779 J. Moore View Society & Manners France (1789) I. xxiv. 195 And draw a revenue from the poor inhabitants.

1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 532/2 [He] drew his salary quarterly.

1879 G. A. Sala Paris herself Again II. vii. 85 Ladies who have come to the Bank to draw their dividends.

1911 Rep. Labour & Social Conditions in Germany (Tariff Reform League) III. 92 The man cannot draw his pension until he is 70 years of age, except through invalidity.

1959 Earl Jowitt & C. Walsh Dict. Eng. Law II. 1432/1 The last prothonotary of the Chancery..survived until 1874, drawing his salary for a sinecure office for more than 82 years.

2015 Investors Chron. 2 Apr. 37/1 Have you considered drawing less tax-free cash at 60 to enjoy more ‘tax-free income’?

82. transitive. Esp. in the army or navy: to obtain (rations or supplies) from a store or issuing body.

ΚΠ

1760 Orders 5 June in S. K. Stevens & D. H. Kent Papers Henry Bouquet (1978) IV. 583 The Contractors in the victualling Service being allowed to draw one Ration of Provisions Each per day.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. viii. 93 We were ordered to the dock-yard to draw sea-stores.

1917 A. G. Empey Over the Top vii. 46 He ordered me to go with him and help him draw the next day's rations, also told me to take my waterproof.

1951 B. Catton Mr. Lincoln's Army (1962) iv. i. 167 When the regimental quartermaster drew shoes he had to go around the other regiments, swapping fives and sixes for nines and tens.

2020 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 12 May Maharashtra had entered into an agreement with 11 states to allow their natives living in Maharashtra to draw rations based on ration cards issued in their home states.

83. transitive. Originally colloquial. To elicit information from (a person); to induce (a person) to speak about a matter. Now frequently in passive. Cf. draw n. 13.See also to draw out 9 at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > question intensively

apposec1315

opposec1380

demand1526

grate?1538

pump1611

sweat1764

probe1804

draw1854

grill1894

third-degree1928

to put through the wringer1942

1854 C. Reade in Bentley's Misc. 36 126 That Hickman is a liar after all; don't let me be too hasty in believing all this about Robert and that girl. I'll draw the farmer.

1891 Athenæum 5 Sept. 330/1 It is a pity that the dramatist lets himself be drawn by the interviewer.

1904 Jrnl. Soc. Chem. Industry 30 Nov. 1071/2 The Chairman had attempted to draw him on the subject of conveying electricity to a distance.

1999 Grocer 24 July 5/3 Byers, meanwhile, refused to be drawn on the food issues.

2015 D. Wingrove Ocean of Time (2016) 145 I seek to draw him about the circumstances, but all he will say is ‘Not here. Not now.’

†84. transitive. colloquial. To tease (a person) in order to provoke a response; to irritate, exasperate. Obsolete.This sense is perhaps a figurative use of sense 72.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > irritate [verb (transitive)]

gremec893

grillc897

teenOE

mispay?c1225

agrillec1275

oftenec1275

tarya1300

tarc1300

atenec1320

enchafec1374

to-tarc1384

stingc1386

chafe?a1400

pokec1400

irec1420

ertc1440

rehete1447

nettlec1450

bog1546

tickle1548

touch1581

urge1593

aggravate1598

irritate1598

dishumour1600

to wind up1602

to pick at ——1603

outhumour1607

vex1625

bloody1633

efferate1653

rankle1659

spleen1689

splenetize1700

rile1724

roil1742

to put out1796

to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823

roughen1837

acerbate1845

to stroke against the hair, the wrong way (of the hair)1846

nag1849

to rub (a person, etc.) up the wrong way1859

frump1862

rattle1865

to set up any one's bristles1873

urticate1873

needle1874

draw1876

to rough up1877

to stick pins into1879

to get on ——1880

to make (someone) tiredc1883

razoo1890

to get under a person's skin1896

to get a person's goat1905

to be on at1907

to get a person's nanny1909

cag1919

to get a person's nanny-goat1928

cagmag1932

peeve1934

tick-off1934

to get on a person's tits1945

to piss off1946

bug1947

to get up a person's nose1951

tee1955

bum1970

tick1975

1876 R. M. Jephson Girl he left behind Him I. i. 3 It's no fun drawing him. He never gets riled, and it's awfully slow work drawing a fellow if he doesn't cut up rough.

1885 R. Kipling Cause of Humanity & Other Stories (2019) 30 We used to chaff him fearfully; and draw him about four nights out of the seven.

1890 M. W. Hungerford Born Coquette II. xx. 220 The hostess..is not here to be badgered and worried and drawn.

1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 16 July 4/2 But if the Parnellites cannot often ruffle Mr. Balfour's aristocratic hauteur they had the satisfaction last night of seeing him regularly ‘drawn’ by Mr. Morley.

VI. Senses relating to delineation or representation.

85.

a. transitive. To produce (a line or shape) on a surface with a pencil, pen, or other implement.See also to draw a line in the sand at line n.² Additions.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)] > line or figure

drawc1300

trace1390

scribe1887

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 226-8 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 500 To arsmetrike he drouȝ..& his figours drouȝ aldai..Arsmetrike is a lore þat of figours al is & of drauȝtes as me draweþ in poudre.

c1392 Equatorie of Planetis 24 (MED) Draw thanne by thi rewle a lyne fro the hed of aries to the hed of libra.

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §38. 47 Draw a strike, euene alyne fro the pyn vn-to the Middel prikke.

1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. i. Defin. A Straight lyne, is the shortest that maye be drawenne betweene two prickes.

1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 130 Wyth th' one fote of your compasse (placinge th' other foote in K.) drawe Cyrcles.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. 24 The Center..from which Point all Lines drawn to the Circumference are equal.

1806 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) I. 286 A Perpendicular is the Shortest Line that can be drawn from a Given Point to an Indefinite Line.

1906 Official Handbk. Hockey Assoc. 120 In front of each goal shall be drawn a white line.

2011 P. J. Perry Sticks & Stones 31 Draw a circle on the ground... Put a numeral in each segment.

b. transitive. To produce (a representation of something) by making lines and marks with a pencil, pen, or other implement. Also occasionally: †to make (a three-dimensional model of something); to sculpt, mould, model (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > three-dimensional representation > make three-dimensional representation of [verb (transitive)]

drawa1398

model1624

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)] > a picture or representation

drawa1398

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)]

writeeOE

drawa1398

descrivec1400

describe1538

to draw forth1539

to set out1545

design1570

to draw out1576

detrain1587

lineate16..

linea1616

redraw1728

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > modelling > model [verb (transitive)]

drawa1398

mould1408

moul1530

model1624

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. xxxvii. 1296 Egipcians founde first peynture. Mannes schadewe was purtrayed, ytrased, and ydrawe wiþ draughtes and wiþ lynes, and after peynted wiþ simple colours.

c1450 J. Capgrave Solace of Pilgrims (Bodl. 423) (1911) 2 (MED) Þe descripcioun..of rome, þat was before schortly drawe in a mappa.

a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxxiiii^v We rede that saynt Luke the euangelyst drewe and made an ymage of our sauyour Iesu.

1584 J. Lyly Campaspe (new ed.) iii. iv. sig. D^v Alex. Where do you first begin, when you drawe any picture?

1654 R. Codrington tr. Sextus Aurelius Victor Coll. Lives Emperors in tr. Justinus Hist. 599 He could draw the figures of men exactly [1606 make Images] in Earth or Clay.

1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 576 Will a Picture continue that is drawn upon an Ice?

1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing iv. 203 The forms of the figures..were finely imagined and correctly drawn.

1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxi, in Temple Bar Aug. 24 He drew cartoons on wood.

1896 Pedagogical Seminary Oct. 79 In answer to the request to draw a picture of a man she promptly makes a tangle of scribbles and calls it ‘man’.

1918 J. M. Barrie Echoes of War 5 In the rough sketch drawn for to-morrow's press..you will find Mrs. Dowey's home therein marked with a X.

1969 E. Connell Mr Bridge xxi. 52 Douglas sprawled on the floor drawing pictures in a tablet with a box of crayons.

2018 M. Khan I am Thunder xii. 81 Mr Dunthorpe..drew a spider diagram on the board.

c. transitive. figurative. To depict (something) through the use of words; to portray in words; to describe. Also with picture, portrait, etc., as object.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)]

sayOE

devisec1300

readc1300

to make (a) showing ofc1330

counterfeitc1369

expressc1386

scrievec1390

descrya1400

scrya1400

drawa1413

representc1425

describec1450

report1460

qualify?1465

exhibit1534

perscribe1538

to set out1545

deline1566

delineate1566

decipher1567

denotate1599

lineate16..

denote1612

givea1616

inform?1615

to shape out1633

speaka1637

display1726

to hit off1737

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 262 And sith þe ende is of euery tales strengþe..What sholde I poynte or drawen it on lenghþe.

1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. H4^v, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Hauing drawen his portraiture, I send the first counterfeite to himselfe.

1647 King of Utopia 5 He in our monarchy drew the Picture of al happy Governments, and our ingratefull hand have disfigured the figure.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 309. ¶7 Mammon's character is so fully drawn in the First Book.

1780 Earl of Malmesbury Let. June in Diaries & Corr. (1844) I. 314 He draws a pathetical picture of his age and ailings.

1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music IV. vi. 319 I shall insert here the character drawn of them by..the late Mr Quantz, who was frequently present at the performance.

1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 249/1 Macaulay..draws a flattering picture of William's capabilities.

1891 Sat. Rev. 19 Dec. 696/2 The character of Pamphilus..shows how Terence could draw a young man.

1916 Christian Reg. 21 Dec. 1214/2 The spirit of the book is good, and the girls are drawn sympathetically, with realistic touches.

2006 Independent 31 Mar. (Arts & Bks. Review section) 35/6 Smith's richly layered novel combines..page-turning plot with characters that are deliciously, deftly drawn.

2014 New Yorker 24 Nov. 131/1 Fitzgerald drew a caustic yet tender group portrait of her fellow-houseboaters.

d. intransitive. To produce an image of something by making lines and marks with a pencil, pen, or other implement; to practise the art of drawing.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (intransitive)]

drawc1425

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (intransitive)]

drawc1425

design1662

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 509 He sent..for euery ymagour..& euery purtreyour Þat coude drawe, or with colour peynt With hewes fresche.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 526 He draweth as well in blacke and whyte, as any man in Englande.

1568 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Dial Princes (rev. ed.) iii. f. 5^v I then for a truth learned there to drawe and painte, and my master was Diogenetus, who in those dayes was a famous painter.

1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. xi. 38 Did those great Italian Masters..always draw with the same ease and freedom?

1763 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting III. v. 147 Boit,..was upon so low a foot, that he went into the country, and taught children to draw.

1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxi, in Temple Bar Aug. 23 A night-school in Frith Street, Soho, where he could draw from the ‘round’.

1918 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 57 153 It is a godsend for the history of the American Indians that Catlin was never taught to draw.

2006 I. Lee George, best of All! 24 Katie sat at the kitchen table. She was drawing on a piece of paper.

e. transitive. To produce an image of (a person or thing) by making lines and marks with a pencil, pen, or other implement; to depict (a person or thing) by means of a drawing.For possible earlier currency see note in etymology section.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)]

figurec1380

draw1542

tract1611

exhibit1799

1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca Adumbro, some do suppose that it signifieth, to trycke a thynge, or drawe it grossely, as paynters doo at the begynnyng.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. iii. f. 37 A good wise Paynter, who hauing to draw the singuler bewties of Hellene, assembled together a company of the fayrest women he coulde get.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. i. 92 He falls to such perusall of my face As a would draw it.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 18 Here are many rare sorts of Birds..one only I haue drawne.

1797 H. Lemoine Art of Speaking iv. 114 Apelles..drew him in profile, with the half-face that had no deformity.

1833 Mechanics' Mag. 341 Those who draw the objects on wood, as well as engrave them.

1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxvi, in Temple Bar Oct. 304 Leech has drawn him in Punch five hundred times.

1975 W. Abish Alphabet. Afr. 46 By and large I prefer a 4B pencil as I draw Alva's face from memory.

2003 J. Lethem Fortress of Solitude i. iv. 66 Different artists drew the same characters different ways.

86.

†a. intransitive. To write or treat of something. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > treatise or dissertation > write treatise or dissertation [verb (intransitive)]

draw1340

discourse1547

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 164 Þe filozofes þet of þise uirtues droȝen, hi to-delden þise uirtues ine zix deles.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28869 And for þer mater es gode to knau, Of almus sal i for-þer drau.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 2315 Of abraham now wil we drau [Fairf. draghe, Trin. Cambr. drawe].

b. transitive. To write or compose (a piece of text, esp. an official document); = to draw up 6 at Phrasal verbs 1.See also to draw out 2a at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > manner of writing > [verb (transitive)] > draw up document

writeOE

makec1300

drawc1390

to make upa1425

to make out1465

prepare1562

to draw up1623

scriven1742

to draw out1773

redact1837

c1390 St. Dunstan (Vernon) l. 126 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 23 Of harpe he couþe i-nouh..and a lay þer-on he drouh.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20061 In sotherin englis was it draun, And turnd it haue i till our aun Langage o northrin lede.

c1440 (a1349) R. Rolle Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 10 (MED) A notabill Tretys..Drawen by Richerde, the hermyte off Hampull.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aii I thought it necessary to drawe a treatyse for my selfe.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xxi A forme of a league and amitie shoulde be drawen with condicions, clauses and couenauntes.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 391 Clarke, draw a deede of gift.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 21 July (1974) VIII. 346 Drawing a letter..to present to the Lords-Commissioners for Tanger tomorrow.

a1720 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1722) vii. 359 They..caused an Indictment to be drawn against us.

1829 Examiner 6 Dec. 778/2 The Acts of Parliament were drawn so negligently, that it was somewhat difficult to arrive at the real meaning of the Legislature.

1879 L. Stephen Johnson iii. 72 Langton had employed Chambers..to draw his will.

1906 Pacific Reporter 82 58/1 That said document was drawn by said Truesdell, as attorney of said decedent, in the course of his professional employment.

1970 N.Y. Times 30 Dec. 25 He had resided in Los Angeles, where he drew his will June 23, 1970.

2008 Tennessee Tribune 26 June 8 a Participants in a lease purchase should also hire a real estate lawyer to draw the documents.

87. transitive. To cut (a furrow) by drawing a ploughshare through the soil.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > plough (land) [verb (transitive)] > of a furrow: plough

draw1538

plough1677

rib-furrow1796

mould-furrow1851

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Vruare, is also to drawe a furrowe with a plowgh aboute a place.

1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. L2 A man..shuld take his plow, & go draw a furrow in a field.

1625 G. Markham Inrichm. Weald of Kent 11 It is good also to draw a crosse or quarter Furrow, and opening the ends of all your land Furrowes into it.

1798 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XX. 474 They intended to sow barley, that is, to draw a wide furrow, so as merely to make the land, as they termed it, red.

1844 A. W. Machen Lett. (1917) 24 Apr. 97 Hiram started in the waggon for Alexandria. Abner drew furrows for corn. Charles ploughed for corn.

1913 J. Muir Story of my Boyhood vi. 221 Very soon I had to become a good ploughman, or rather ploughboy. None could draw a straighter furrow.

2007 Church Times 20 July 32/3 The old horseman..tells me how it was when he drew his first furrow, setting it against a holly bush in the distant hedge.

†88. transitive. To devise, contrive (something); to arrange. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > plan [verb (transitive)] > devise (a plan)

lay11..

compound1520

draw?c1550

hammer1582

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrange [verb (transitive)]

stightc825

fadec1020

orderc1225

adightc1275

dightc1275

castc1320

raila1350

form1362

stightlea1375

rayc1380

informa1382

disposea1387

throwc1390

addressa1393

shifta1400

rengea1425

to set forth?c1450

rule1488

rummage1544

marshalc1547

place1548

suit1552

dispone1558

plat1587

enrange1590

draw1663

range1711

arrange1791

to lay out1848

?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Three Bks. Eng. Hist. (1844) xxv. 179 Burning with rage incredible..he drew a plot for the lord Hastinges.

1586 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Quarto MS (1920) 193 Iudas..any vyler draucht nor thow did neuer draw.

1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 71^v Straight she drew a plot to haue him slaine.

1663 F. Hawkins tr. Youths Behaviour (ed. 8) sig. F6/2 The matter of any Book or Science, drawn into Indexes or Tables.

89. transitive. To make (a comparison or distinction) between two or more things. Cf. sense 80.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > construct

workOE

dighta1175

to set upc1275

graitha1300

formc1300

pitchc1330

compoundc1374

to put togethera1387

performc1395

bigc1400

elementc1400

complexion1413

erect1417

framea1450

edifya1464

compose1481

construe1490

to lay together1530

perstruct1547

to piece together1572

condite1578

conflate1583

compile1590

to put together1591

to set together1603

draw1604

build1605

fabric1623

complicate1624

composit1640

constitute1646

compaginate1648

upa1658

complex1659

construct1663

structurate1664

structure1664

confect1677

to put up1699

rig1754

effect1791

structuralize1913

1604 T. Bilson Suruey Christs Sufferings 92 From this admirable power, by which he layd downe his soule, and tooke it againe at his pleasure, Austen draweth a comparison to the exceeding greatness of that power with which he shall come to iudge the world.

1692 P. Allix Remarks Eccl. Hist. Albigenses v. 37 He draws such a Parallel between St. Ambrose and Pope Damasus, that he attributes to them the supreme Authority in the Church, which doth not at all agree with the Notion of Papacy.

1761 J. Wesley Let. 17 Feb. (1931) IV. 133 You..innocently say: ‘It would fill a volume to draw a parallel between Montanism and Methodism.’

1869 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi i. 4 Nestor..draws a somewhat similar contrast between the heroes of his youth, and those of the Greek army before Troy.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 19 I have heard Prodicus drawing endless distinctions about names.

1876 J. S. Brewer Eng. Stud. (1881) iv. 201 Comparisons were drawn in his favour to the disadvantage of his brother.

1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 54 The similarity of the present results to those in the rote literature argues against the sharp distinction drawn between meaningful and rote learning by Ausubel.

2006 Independent 18 Oct. (Property section) 2/1 Economists often draw comparisons between the housing market and the stock market, but I believe the two are incomparable.

90. transitive. To shape or carve (wood, stone, or some other substance) by shaving off thin slices. Cf. draw knife n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > fashion, shape, or form > form by cutting, pounding, tearing, rubbing, etc.

hewc900

smitec1275

tailc1400

carve1490

tear1597

wear1597

to work out1600

draw1610

to carve outa1616

effringe1657

shear1670

pare1708

sned1789

whittle1848

to rip up1852

slice1872

chop1874

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. lxii. 321 First you shall with a very sharp drawing knife, draw euery part of the soles of the horses feete so thinne as is possible, euen till you see the very water and bloud issuing forth.

1653 Surry Co., Va., Deed & Will Bk. 1652–1672 in C. R. Lounsbury Illustr. Gloss. Early Southern Archit. & Landscape (1994) 120 [To] rive, dubb, and draw all the boards.

1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 191 The work is hewed or drawn pretty near a Round.

1891 D. U. Sloan Fogy Days 93 The old man was already out in the woods, drawing shingles.

1960 J. P. Brown Commonw. of Onslow 267 There were great cypress trees in nearby swamps if the owners would allow them to be cut, and if there were any of those employed on the project who could bolt, rive and draw shingles.

2012 www.cotswoldwoodlandcrafts.co.uk/courses.php (Internet Archive Wayback Machine 17 Dec. 2012) Rails, styles and braces are split out from a green ash log, trimmed with an axe and drawn with a drawknife.

91. transitive. To write (a cheque, bill, or draft) in due form to authorize payment. Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by upon (also on), specifying the person or institution who has to provide the money, e.g. ‘to draw a bill upon a bank’. Also in figurative contexts.See also to draw against —— at Phrasal verbs 2, to draw on —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2, to draw upon —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > paper money > cheques and drafts > process a cheque [verb (transitive)] > cash cheques, etc. > upon a person

draw1635

to check up (on) (also to check on)1911

1635 F. Quarles Emblemes ii. x. 102 What's here to be enjoyed, But Griefe, and sicknesse, and large bills of sorrow, Drawne now, and crost to morrow?

1646 J. Day Modest Vindic. 33 For 300 l. sterl. drawn upon M. Peacock for to pay for the Ship and his Oyles.

1671 J. Crowne Juliana iii. 31 Draw bills of death, they shall be paid on sight; I will..pay as fast as you can draw on me.

1722 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack 252 She should draw Bills upon me.

1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 23/2 Bollakey Doss drew a draught on Benares in favor of Lord Clive for a lack of rupees.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1171 C. drew bills of exchange on B. for the price of the goods.

1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations III. xii. 182 With instructions to draw the cheque for his signature.

1892 J. Adam Commercial Corr. 24 The person who writes the ‘order to pay’ is said to draw the Bill.

1920 Smith's Weekly (Sydney) 28 Feb. 9/1 Shinplasters, issued by local business men, were simply promises to pay—flimsy notes of the face value of 10s. and 20s., not drawn on any bank, and with no real guarantee behind them.

1970 Times 22 May iii/3 A London bank will accept a bill drawn upon it by the exporter which is discountable in the money market at fine rates.

1991 A. Hourani Hist. Arab Peoples i. iii. 46 Merchants who had correspondents or clients in other places would draw bills upon them or issue letters of credit.

Phrases

†P1. to draw (a person) to death: to put (a person) to death. Cf. to draw of life at life n. Phrases 12a(b). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)]

swevec725

quelmeOE

slayc893

quelleOE

of-falleOE

ofslayeOE

aquellc950

ayeteeOE

spillc950

beliveOE

to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE

fordoa1000

forfarea1000

asweveOE

drepeOE

forleseOE

martyrOE

to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE

bringc1175

off-quellc1175

quenchc1175

forswelta1225

adeadc1225

to bring of daysc1225

to do to deathc1225

to draw (a person) to deathc1225

murder?c1225

aslayc1275

forferec1275

to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275

martyrc1300

strangle1303

destroya1325

misdoa1325

killc1330

tailc1330

to take the life of (also fro)c1330

enda1340

to kill to (into, unto) death1362

brittena1375

deadc1374

to ding to deathc1380

mortifya1382

perisha1387

to dight to death1393

colea1400

fella1400

kill out (away, down, up)a1400

to slay up or downa1400

swelta1400

voida1400

deliverc1400

starvec1425

jugylc1440

morta1450

to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480

to put offc1485

to-slaya1500

to make away with1502

to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503

rida1513

to put downa1525

to hang out of the way1528

dispatch?1529

strikea1535

occidea1538

to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540

to fling to deathc1540

extinct1548

to make out of the way1551

to fet offa1556

to cut offc1565

to make away?1566

occise1575

spoil1578

senda1586

to put away1588

exanimate1593

unmortalize1593

speed1594

unlive1594

execute1597

dislive1598

extinguish1598

to lay along1599

to make hence1605

conclude1606

kill off1607

disanimate1609

feeze1609

to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611

to kill dead1615

transporta1616

spatch1616

to take off1619

mactate1623

to make meat of1632

to turn up1642

inanimate1647

pop1649

enecate1657

cadaverate1658

expedite1678

to make dog's meat of1679

to make mincemeat of1709

sluice1749

finisha1753

royna1770

still1778

do1780

deaden1807

deathifyc1810

to lay out1829

cool1833

to use up1833

puckeroo1840

to rub out1840

cadaverize1841

to put under the sod1847

suicide1852

outkill1860

to fix1875

to put under1879

corpse1884

stiffen1888

tip1891

to do away with1899

to take out1900

stretch1902

red-light1906

huff1919

to knock rotten1919

skittle1919

liquidate1924

clip1927

to set over1931

creasea1935

ice1941

lose1942

to put to sleep1942

zap1942

to take down1967

wax1968

trash1973

ace1975

c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) l. 13 Derfliche [he] droh ham to deaðe.

c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 60 & te ofþunchunge þet he hefde inwið him of hare forlorenesse þe drohen [a1250 Nero drowen] him to deaðe.

P2. to draw blood.

(a) To cause a person or animal to bleed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (intransitive)] > wound > draw blood

to draw blood?c1225

to give wine1518

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 95 Pellican..draȝeð blod of his breoste & wið þet blod aquikeð eft hise briddes isleine.

1344 Petition (P.R.O.: SC 8/192/9580) Putte out Margerie of hire heritage & bete hire burste hire drou blod of hire.

?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 95 (MED) Þer may na maner of yrne dere him ne drawe blude of him.

a1500 (a1400) Ipomedon (Chetham) (1889) l. 5486 (MED) The spere, it drew no blode.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 Their stings draw blood; And drive the Cattel gadding through the Wood.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 61 The blow only glanced on the bone, and scarce drew blood.

1915 E. G. Venning Let. May in L. Housman War Lett. Fallen Englishmen (2002) 280 I remember falling about 10 yards ahead of my Company with a slight shrap hit in the back, that didn't even draw blood.

2016 L. Erdrich LaRose 290 LaRose turns and knife-hands Brad on the nose, drawing blood. Then he gets out of the car.

(b) figurative. To do harm or damage to an enemy or opponent; (esp. of a verbal attack) to have a significant effect, to hit home.

ΚΠ

1578 J. Lyly Euphues To Rdr. sig. A.iiij^v Enuie braggeth but draweth no bloud.

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida v. sig. I^v Your wits spurs haue but walking rowels; dull, blunt, they will not drawe blood.

1856 W. Whitman Leaves of Grass (new ed.) 189 He fetches artillery as good as the engineer's, he can make every word he speaks draw blood.

1995 Denver Post 8 Oct. a2/5 The Democratic attacks were finally drawing blood.

2012 K. Cole Poison Princess x. 91 ‘You just left me out there, Mel. You chose bros over hoes,’ I said, drawing blood.

2014 London Evening Standard 9 Oct. (West End Final ed.) 73/2 Ferrer, quickly taking charge, broke again at 4–1 and then drew blood in the decider, breaking in the third game.

b. To extract blood from a person or animal for testing or (formerly) for therapeutic purposes.

ΚΠ

c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 13* So drawith blode the waturleche..As the ventuser of rawe flesch.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 304 Þere þou lettist for to drawe blood for febilnes or for elde.

1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxii. 330 Blood is drawn at several Periods.

1933 S. W. Cole Pract. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 9) xv. 380 Serum is obtained by drawing blood from an arm vein.

2001 S. Khipple in N.Y. Times 13 May (Washington Final ed.) (Week in Review section) 7/3 An underling, usually a third-year medical student, assigned to perform menial tasks like drawing blood and retrieving lab results.

†P3. to draw the cloth: to remove the tablecloth after a meal; to clear away. Also similarly to draw the board, to draw the table. Obsolete (historical in later use).In later use often with reference to the upper-class custom whereby men remained at the bare table for further drinks after the ladies had left.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [verb (intransitive)] > clear table

to draw the boardc1330

to draw the clothc1330

to draw the tablec1330

to take awaya1475

to take up the tablea1513

to take off1599

to clear away1711

clear1914

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 706 Cloþ and bord was drain [rhymes bayn, fayn, oȝain].

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. ix. l. 289 Let hem abyde tyl þe bord be drawe.

a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 4623 Aftyr mete the cloth was drawe.

a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 1649 (MED) The kyng spake not oon worde, Tyll men had etyn and drawen þe borde.

1613 R. Horne Christian Governour sig. C6^v When men will eate till it come out at their nosthrils and drinke, till it come vp at their mouth..the Lord must needes draw the Table.

a1791 F. Grose Olio (1796) 111 Come here, Wolley, and draw the table.

1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. x. 222 When the tables were drawn.

1843 W. M. Thackeray Men's Wives in Fraser's Mag. Oct. 496/2 When the cloth was drawn..he would retire to his own apartment.

1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xvii, in Temple Bar June 307 The cloth has been drawn, as the reporters write of public dinners.

1909 Farmer's Advocate & Home Mag. 30 Sept. 1572/1 When the cloth was drawn, and the wine-flasks glittered ruby and golden upon the polished board, the old butler came in, bearing upon a tray a large silver box of tobacco.

P4. to draw one's legs after (one) and variants (now rare): to walk very slowly or with difficulty; to drag one's feet, esp. due to tiredness, illness, or the like.

ΚΠ

1542 N. Udall in tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 30 (note) He must walke vp and down so long vntil he feled suche weakenesse and feblenesse that he should drawe his legges after hym.

1630 P. Massinger Picture sig. M2 Hilario Will you march... Vbaldo I can hardly Draw my legs after me.

1736 J. Wybourne Let. in Post-Office Intelligence xxvi. 43 He [sc. the sufferer from gonorrhœa] ventures abroad in the Sunshine, drawing his Rowling-Pin-Legs after him.

1866 Farmer's Mag. Sept. 233/1 This is especially noticeable when he [sc. a lame horse] is in action,..so badly does he draw his legs after.

1923 S. O'Kelly Wet Clay xiv. 190 Luke was moodily silent, drawing his legs after him, his air that of a man who was grossly wronged.

P5. to draw dry: to drain (a spring or other body of water) of all liquid; (in extended use) to exhaust or empty (something) completely.

ΚΠ

1543 G. Joye Our Sauiour Iesus Christ hath not ouercharged his Chirche sig. A.iii^v Firste of all he saithe himself to be the fontaine of all goodnes, and euen that liuely plentuouse spring neuer to be drye drawne.

1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 161^v Thei haue diuers fayre springes, and one specially that can not be drawen drie.

1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 378 To declare..it would..drawe the veyne of mine invention drie.

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cxv. 33 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 185 The conduites of his store, He never dry shall draw.

1603 S. Harsnett Declar. Popish Impostures 52 Our holy Budgetters having to deal with Devils..doe..provide so many to be packed up in One Patient, as except hell be drawn dry, they can never want work.

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 522 The Persian warre..[has] drawne drie his Coffers.

1721 A. Welwood Meditations 117 Is not the Fountain of Life deep? Men and Angels, is it possible you shall ever draw it dry?

1903 Fire & Water Engin. 1 Nov. 220 Thus it is not at all likely that the reservoir will be drawn dry in any year.

2001 H. Goldblatt tr. H. Chun-ming Taste of Apples 18 They'll have to draw water for that swimming pool from the well by motor, and if they draw it dry, what are we going to do with a dried-up well?

P6. transitive. to draw bridle (also †to draw bit, to draw rein) and variants: to stop or slow one's horse by pulling at the reins; to pull up; (figurative) to pause, slacken speed. Frequently in negative constructions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease activity [verb (intransitive)]

i-swikec893

swikec897

atwindc1000

linOE

studegieOE

stintc1175

letc1200

stuttea1225

leavec1225

astint1250

doc1300

finec1300

blina1325

cease1330

stable1377

resta1382

ho1390

to say or cry ho1390

resta1398

astartc1400

discontinuec1425

surcease1428

to let offc1450

resista1475

finish1490

to lay a straw?a1505

to give over1526

succease1551

to put (also pack) up one's pipes1556

end1557

to stay (one's own or another's) hand1560

stick1574

stay1576

to draw bridle1577

to draw rein1577

to set down one's rest1589

overgive1592

absist1614

subsista1639

beholdc1650

unbridle1653

to knock offa1657

acquiesce1659

to set (up) one's rest1663

sista1676

stop1689

to draw rein1725

subside1734

remit1765

to let up1787

to wind (up) one's pirna1835

to cry crack1888

to shut off1896

to pack in1906

to close down1921

to pack up1925

to sign off1929

society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > riding a horse (or other animal) [phrase] > stop (a horse)

to draw bridle1577

to draw bit1591

to draw rein1725

society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride a horse (or other animal) [verb (intransitive)] > rein in

reina1525

to draw rein1725

to take up1912

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 630/1 But the Earle warned thereof, secretely departed, accompanyed only with one man, and neuer drew bridle out of hys Horses mouth, vntill he came to Readyng.

1591 E. Aggas tr. Breefe Descr. Battailes, Victories & Triumphes 14 His Maiestie found himselfe within one leage of the Duke of Mains lodging, wherupon suddenly without drawing bit, he purposed to finde him at his bed.

1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 171 And for three years has rid your Wit And Passion without drawing Bit.

1679 J. Somerville Memorie Somervilles (1815) II. 349 He..never drew bridle untill he came the lenth of Leads.

1725 C. Pitt tr. M. G. Vida Art Poetry iii. 109 Sometimes the god-like fury he restrains, Checks his impetuous speed, and draws the reins.

1782 W. Cowper Table Talk in Poems 35 Spendthrift alike of money and of wit, Always at speed and never drawing bit.

1834 G. P. R. James Life & Adventures John Marston Hall I. x. 113 We set spurs to our beasts, and never drew a rein for twenty miles.

1840 Goshen (Indiana) Democrat 15 Oct. A gentleman..drew bridle..in front of one of the roughest bughouses in the county.

1892 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 18 Nov. 108/2 They are frequently ridden sixty or seventy miles without drawing bit.

1941 Béaloideas 11 38 He drew bridle then and gave his steed a third drink and the strong beast cleared the sea.

1998 D. C. Pfanz R. S. Ewell xii. 177 A solitary horseman rode through the sleeping camps of the Valley Army and drew rein at Stonewall Jackson's headquarters.

P7. to draw one's pen (also quill): to attack or defend a person or thing in writing. Also with against, for. Cf. sense 54a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > argue against

to draw one's pen (also quill)1603

counter-argue1661

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > support or defend

maintainc1350

to draw one's pen (also quill)1759

1603 F. Dillingham Quartron of Reasons Vnquartered 7 If the Lutherans haue changed the word Catholike in the Creede, draw your penne against them, and not against the church of England.

1710 J. Swift Tale of Tub (ed. 5) Apol. sig. A7 That this Answerer had..drawn his Pen against a certain great Man.

1734 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot 151 Yet then did Gildon draw his venal quill.

1759 O. Goldsmith Bee 24 Nov. 245 Many members of both houses of parliament, drew their pens for the whigs.

1867 Med. Rec. 15 Apr. 86/2 We find him drawing his quill against another party, upon an equally frivolous and unfounded pretence.

1978 Mod. Philol. 76 302 Hervey in a pique drew his pen against the government and the very measures he had supported while in power.

P8.

a. to draw a blank: (originally) to draw a ticket in a lottery to which no prize is attached (see blank n. 4); (now figurative) (of a person) to be unsuccessful, to fail in a search or enquiry, to fail to recall or recognize something; (of a thing) to fail to produce a result, to fail to be recalled or recognized, to yield nothing.

ΚΠ

1605 J. Marston Dutch Courtezan iii. i. sig. D4 Husbands are like lotts in the lottery: you may drawe forty blankes before you finde one that has any prise in him.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xxii. 213 Marriage shall prove no lottery to thee, when the hand of providence chuseth for thee, who, if drawing a blank, can turn it into a prize by sanctifying a bad wife unto thee.

1762 St. James's Chron. 12 Jan. The King of Prussia..presuming, that his Lot would at last entitle him..to his great Disappointment he drew—a Blank.

1825 Sporting Mag. 16 25/1 One hundred sovereigns is a very pretty ‘find’ in any man's pocket, and particularly so in one which is sometimes drawn a blank.

1914 Sphere 19 Dec. 296/1 She was worrying over Miss Titmus's probable annoyance at drawing a blank from her godchild.

1969 Woman 19 Apr. 36/2 Ask the health visitor to introduce you to other mothers..if you..draw a blank at the clinic.

1996 A. Ghosh Calcutta Chromosome (1997) iv. 21 The first search drew a blank, so then Antar took Ava hurrying into the Council's vast archives where the records of all the global organizations were kept.

1998 L. Forbes Bombay Ice (1999) 89 Sami's name drew a blank, although Satish admitted that she might have been in the Unit under the previous director.

2000 Vanity Fair Oct. 152/3 Trying to recall how long she's worked at ‘the D. Q.’, she draws a blank.

b. Hunting. to draw (a wood, covert, etc.) blank: to search (a wood, covert, etc.) for game or a quarry without success. Also to draw blank: (of a wood, covert, etc.) to yield no game or quarry. Cf. sense 66. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail or be unsuccessful [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of persons > in a search

to draw (a wood, covert, etc.) blank1828

1828 Berrow's Worcester Jrnl. 31 Jan. The Worcestershire Hounds met at Upton Snodsbury, with a large field, but did not find, Mr. Parker therefore met yesterday at Goosehill, which he drew blank, likewise Broughton Wood.

1834 R. E. Egerton-Warburton Hunting Songs 7 The man..Whose heart heaves a sigh when his gorse is drawn blank.

1892 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 3 Dec. 29/3 The Laurels..and the Willows all drew blank.

1898 Forest & Stream 29 Oct. 353/1 A couple of thickets were drawn blank and then a track was found in the open pasture.

1936 Times 9 Jan. 4/5 After a long trot back to Sutton Wood hounds drew that covert blank and then went home.

P9.

a. to draw the line, to draw a line.

(a) To determine or define a limit or boundary; to make a distinction between two things or groups. Frequently in to draw the line between.See also to draw a fine line at fine adj., adv., and n.² Phrases 7, to draw a bright line at bright line n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > discriminate, distinguish [phrase]

to tell tother (or t'other) from whicha1325

can (or could) skillc1340

tella1425

to thread the difference1627

to cut (to) a thread (between)1647

to draw the line1766

1766 Scots Mag. Apr. 172/1 Here I would draw the line, Quam ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum [i.e. on either side of which right cannot be found].

1770 Extract Let. from House of Representatives of Massachusets-Bay 16 Our wise forefathers drew a line between the supreme legislative power of the Mother-Country and the constitutional rights of her Colonies, as free-born English Subjects.

1793 Acct. Trial Fyshe Palmer 42 Such a publication is seditious; by the old law it was more, for sedition was treason. I am thankful, that our law does not go so far; but it is difficult..to draw the line.

1821 Examiner 16 Sept. 582/1 Reformers in particular must take pains to shew that they know how to draw the line between private and public feeling.

1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. 233 In contentious suits it is difficult to draw the line between judicial decision and arbitration.

1948 A. C. Kinsey et al. Sexual Behavior Human Male xx. 595 If the term prostitution were to be applied to all sexual acts for which either participant received some valuable consideration, it would be impossible to draw a line between the most obvious sorts of commercialized prostitution and the relationships of every husband and wife.

2006 Daily Tel. 13 Sept. 4/4 The trouble with exempting cohabiting siblings from inheritance tax is where to draw the line. How long do they have to cohabit for? What about step-siblings, or half siblings?

(b) colloquial. To set a limit on what one is willing to do or accept. Frequently in to draw the line at.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease activity [verb (intransitive)] > at a certain point or specified limit

subsista1639

stop1737

to draw the line1839

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > refuse to do something

warnc900

withsaya1225

wondec1315

refusea1325

denya1400

nayc1400

recusec1425

renayc1489

renounce1582

disclaim1586

to draw the line1839

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby lii. 517 ‘We don't shave gentlemen in your line,’..‘Why, I see you a shaving of a baker when I was a looking through the winder, last week,’ said the coal-heaver. ‘It's necessary to draw the line somewheres my fine feller... We draw the line there.’

1881 Scribner's Monthly Jan. 409/2 Feathers an' flowers is different things. You must draw the line somewhere, an' I draw it at feathers.

1956 W. E. Collinson in Moderna Språk 50 13 Even today the British printer would draw the line at the f-word used in Lady Chatterley's Lover.

1986 New Statesman 26 Sept. 24/1 Mike Terry of Anti-Apartheid says..they draw a line when it comes to British publishers making a commercial venture out of South Africa.

2018 New Yorker 10 Sept. 54/2 She drew the line at covering her hair, as some Jewish modesty laws require.

b. to draw a line under (something): to regard (something) as finished or consigned to the past; to resolve not to engage in further consideration of a topic or situation, esp. one that has caused difficulty or distress.

ΚΠ

1866 Standard 19 Oct. 4/5 We cannot draw the line under five millions without outraging Mr. Bright's arguments.

1886 Jackson's Oxf. Jrnl. 15 May 5/5 He said to me ‘I have been a Liberal all my life... But now I have drawn a line under all that. Not only shall I vote for the Tories next time, but I shall try to get everyone to vote for them too’.

1928 Times 2 Nov. 13/4 Readiness..to draw a line under the events of 10 years ago and shake hands with former enemies, is the ‘foundation of the policy which led us to Locarno and which we have pursued since’.

1940 Hamilton (Ohio) Daily News Jrnl. 16 Sept. 6/2 We drew a line under this experiment in economic and social engineering and left the government somehow to dispose of its investment.

1968 A. Sellings Power of X iii. 38 There and then, I drew a line under the whole business, downed my pinkers and went back to Gallery O.

2011 People (Nexis) 20 Nov. 19 You hope when people die they don't suffer, but my beautiful Jo did. It was very, very painful, but it's all done and I want to draw a line under it.

P10. figurative. to draw the teeth (also fangs) of (also from, out of) and variants: to render harmless or ineffectual; to reduce the power of or weaken.

ΚΠ

1782 London Mag. 51 App. 599/2 His Majesty by giving a few places at court to some of the most considerable [Tories],..might draw the teeth of all the rest, and they could never more unite in opposition.

1838 Daily Herald & Gaz. (Cleveland, Ohio) 2 Apr. It may truly be said of the bill, that its fangs were drawn by the important amendments.

1845 D. F. Campbell tr. A. Thiers Hist. Consulate & Empire France III. xiii. 205 He has left them nothing to say; he has drawn their teeth.

1899 Trans. Rocky Mountain Med. Assoc. 62 Sanitary science is stamping out yellow fever; anti-toxine has drawn the fangs from diphtheria.

1924 Michigan Alumnus 24 Nov. 183/2 They had either to greatly increase the effectiveness of their own overhead attack or take measures for drawing the fangs of Michigan's.

a1969 D. Heaton-Armstrong Six Month Kingdom (2005) xi. 59 In the course of the evening a plot was formed to draw Essad's fangs.

1990 Guardian 14 July 3/8 We never liked this legislation, but we feel now that we've drawn the teeth out of it.

2006 Independent (Nexis) 20 July 31 The isolation of Iran, Syria, Hamas and Hizbolah is serving to increase extremism rather than draw its teeth.

P11. to draw it mild: (originally) to dispense mild ale; (in later use chiefly figurative and colloquial) to be moderate in speech or behaviour; to refrain from exaggeration. Frequently in imperative. Hence to draw it strong: to be immoderate in speech or behaviour. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1783 Morning Post 26 May Boy, bring us some ale, Draw it mild, not too stale.

1842 R. H. Barham Misadventures Margate in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 153 A pint of double X, and please to draw it mild.

1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing iii, in Fraser's Mag. May 606/2 Dress quiet, sir; draw it mild.

1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 6 Apr. Our ladies faithfully promised to ‘draw it as mild’ as possible; but when they made their appearance in most splendid array, I felt rather uncertain as to what the consequences might have been if they had drawn it strong.

1879 Scribner's Monthly Aug. 778/2 I don't feel remarkably cool, Gerty; but when you talk of ‘revolting sin and treachery’, you're drawing it rather strong.

1932 Manch. Guardian 20 Jan. 7/4 Nothing can remove me from the thought of one brief boon When January drew it mild and dropped a hint of June.

P12. figurative. to draw fire (flak, etc.): to attract severe criticism or censure (cf. sense 38).

ΚΠ

1835 U.S. Tel. (Washington, D.C.) 23 Oct. If he is a candidate, he will draw a fire from both parties... Each will unite in exposing the selfishness and want of patriotism that governs him.

1847 S. Carolina Temperance Advocate 11 Mar. 142/2 They have heretofore been very cautious how they entered the arena of public discussion... The friends of temperance have at length..‘drawn their fire’, and received the contents of their first mortar.

1878 Christian Union 17 186/2 The Rev. Webster K. Pierce..and the Rev. Arthur P. Adams..have both drawn fire from the orthodox for dangerous liberalism.

1901 Era Dec. 878/1 Before she could reply, a tactful woman drew her fire.

1970 Washington Post 9 Dec. b13/2 The plan drew such flak from employee unions..that top brass looked for a bureaucratic way to bail out.

2016 M. DeSoucey Contested Tastes v. 193 Farming practices are drawing fire from animal rights and welfare groups.

P13. to draw level (also to draw up level): to come from behind to a position alongside an opponent in a race; (in extended use) to come from behind to have the same score or standing as another. Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by with, specifying the opponent.rare in North American use.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete or rival [verb (intransitive)] > be equal in a contest > become equal

to draw level1857

1857 Morning Post 6 Aug. 3/3 At this point the Newcastle men, who were setting finely to their work, drew level with the Manchesters, and in the next few succeeding strokes gradually took the lead from them.

1857 Bell's Life in London 9 Aug. 6/2 Newcastle began to mend the pace, drew up level with the leading boat, and then showed in front.

1892 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 30 Apr. 249/1 They could not draw quite level, and were beaten by two to one.

1908 N. Gould Top Weight xxvi. 246 Rush's face was white as Spanker drew up level with Manon.

1932 Punch 27 Apr. 465/3 Other nations had drawn level with us.

1955 Times 1 Aug. 3/6 The South Africans have come from behind and surprised the favourites by drawing level in a Test rubber.

1998 Educ. Rev. 12 i. 73/1 They close the gap on local mono-lingual pupils by Key Stage 2, draw level by Key Stage 3 and outperform local mono-lingual pupils at GCSE.

1999 Spark Feb. 31/4 UEA converted and were back in the game at 3—2, and then had another great chance to draw level when Reading were reduced to ten men.

P14. Australian. to draw the crabs. [With reference to crab shells, used with punning allusion to artillery shells.]

a. Military slang. To draw enemy fire, esp. (in earliest use) artillery fire.

ΚΠ

1918 Ca ne fait Rien: 6th Battalion A.I.F. 8 Mar. J. D. Johnston..being in command of those horrible people who draw the crabs, the T.M.B.

1949 F. J. Hartley Sanananda Interlude 27 Some of the Australians, not knowing how close the enemy were, became a little too venturesome, and ‘drew the crabs’.

2008 Gold Coast Bull. (Nexis) 5 Mar. 21 British military commanders have been reluctant to let..Harry..and..William..deploy to a combat zone on the..grounds that their presence, if it was known by the enemy, would draw the crabs and make life even more dangerous for their immediate comrades.

b. To provoke a hostile or powerful reaction; to attract unwanted attention, esp. from people in authority.

ΚΠ

1932 Queensland Times 21 Apr. 3/3 I feel prompted to ventilate my opinion in regard to war pensions and unemployment and I think the majority of fair-minded readers will agree with me. From some quarters I daresay I'll ‘draw the crabs’.

1959 Bulletin (Sydney) 23 Dec. 16/1 Most shearers are..down on men who ‘draw the crabs’ through bringing excessive grog to the huts.

2016 @hongmedia 23 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 19 Jan. 2021) Mentioning racism really draws the crabs on #auspol. There must be lots of knuckle dragging ‘supremacists’ just lurking.

P15. to draw a bead on: see bead n. 4d; beauty draws more than oxen: see beauty n. Phrases 2d; to draw through the water with a cat: see cat n.¹ 14; dreich to draw: see dreich adj. Phrases; to draw dun out of the mire: see dun n.¹ Phrases 1a; to draw to a head: see head n.¹ 54; to draw up the ladder after itself: see ladder n. 1c; to draw a person's leg: see leg n. Phrases 3d; to draw of life: see life n. Phrases 12a(b); to draw water to one's mill: see mill n.¹ Phrases 5; to draw pig on pork: see pig n.¹ Phrases 14; to draw the saw: see saw n.¹ 1b; one shoulder of mutton draws down another: see shoulder n. 4c(a); sink and draw: see sink v. Phrases 3; to draw the wool over a person's eyes: see wool n. 1g.

Phrasal verbs

PV1. With adverbs in specialized senses.† to draw abroad

Obsolete.

transitive. To stretch, elongate (something). Also: to spread (something) over a surface. Cf. sense 41b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for

tighta1000

hapc1390

to draw abroada1400

to draw over ——a1500

superducea1500

induce1567

overhale1579

bespread1598

strew?1615

superinduce1616

obducea1676

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen > by drawing out

drawa1398

to draw abroada1400

to draw out1484

wire-draw1598

rope1798

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 26 Whanne þe arterie is drawe abrod.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 53 Aboue þe wounde leie terebentine..drawen abrood bitwene two lynnen clooþis.

1565 J. Hall Anat. ii. 5 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. The grystles..are behouefull in the nose and eares, for there they do bothe drawe abroade, and susteyne, and beare vp the softe partes.

† to draw along

Obsolete.

transitive To stretch or extend (something) (literal and figurative); to prolong, protract; to delay.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong

lengOE

drawOE

teec1200

forlengtha1300

lengtha1300

drivec1300

tarryc1320

proloynec1350

continuec1380

to draw alonga1382

longa1382

dretch1393

conservea1398

to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400

prorogue1419

prolongc1425

aroomc1440

prorogate?a1475

protend?a1475

dilate1489

forlong1496

relong1523

to draw out1542

sustentate1542

linger1543

defer1546

pertract1548

propagate1548

protract1548

linger1550

lengthen1555

train1556

detract?a1562

to make forth (long, longer)1565

stretch1568

extend1574

extenuate1583

dree1584

wire-draw1598

to spin out1603

trail1604

disabridge1605

produce1605

continuate1611

out-length1617

spin1629

to eke out1641

producta1670

prolongate1671

drawl1694

drag1697

perennate1698

string1867

perennialize1898

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Psalms cxix. 5 My pilgrimaging is drawen along.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. l. 124 To drawe þe lyste [C text c1400 Huntington HM 137 þe lisure] wel along þe lengore hit semede.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xi. 1137 He [sc. þe spiþur] makeþ þrede smal and draweþ it alonge.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 53 Þouȝ þat þi cure be drawe along.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 426 This Historie, not throughly handled before by any one, drew me along.

to draw away

1. transitive. To take away (something or someone); to remove or extract.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away

ateec885

withbreidec890

animOE

overbearOE

to do awayOE

flitc1175

reavec1175

takec1175

to have away?a1300

to draw awayc1300

weve13..

to wend awaya1325

withdrawa1325

remuec1325

to carry away1363

to take away1372

waive1377

to long awaya1382

oftakec1390

to draw offa1398

to do froa1400

forflitc1420

amove?a1425

to carry out?a1425

surtrayc1440

surtretec1440

twistc1440

abstract1449

ostea1450

remove1459

ablatea1475

araisea1475

redd1479

dismove1480

diminish?1504

convey1530

alienate1534

retire1536

dimove1540

reversec1540

subtractc1540

submove1542

sublate1548

pare1549

to pull in1549

exempt1553

to shift off1567

retract?1570

renversec1586

aufer1587

to lay offa1593

rear1596

retrench1596

unhearse1596

exemea1600

remote1600

to set off1600

subduct1614

rob1627

extraneize1653

to bring off1656

to pull back1656

draft1742

extract1804

reef1901

c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 12495 Somme oure cun he hadde islaȝe and mani mid him awei idraȝe.

a1400 (?a1350) Seege Troye (Egerton) (1927) l. 368 (MED) To hem þat oure elders slouȝ And away oure goodes drowȝ.

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes (new ed.) f. 77 The Sunne through natures might, doth draw away the dew.

1597 P. Lowe Whole Course Chirurg. ix. vii. sig. Hh3 The Medicament cleansing..hath the strength to..drawe away the excrementes purulent from the centre of the vlcers to the circumference.

1688 P. Rycaut tr. G. de la Vega Royal Comm. Peru vii. ii. 914 Therewith drawing away the Table-cloth, ten of the eleven Candles fell down.

1750 W. Ellis Country Housewife's Family Compan. 147 She drew away the wooden Paddle.., and left the Pudding-cake to sink or boil longer.

1850 Times 12 Dec. 3/6 The upcast shaft served to draw away the smoke and vapour from an engine furnace.

1940 Brit. Red Cross Soc. Cookery & Catering Man. (ed. 4) ix. 100 Place the egg in boiling water, cover and draw away from fire, but keep hot for 10 minutes.

2012 F. L. Block Elementals 197 He reached over and started to touch my arm, then drew his hand away when I flinched.

a. intransitive. To move away from someone or something; to withdraw, recoil; (of a vehicle or boat) to pull away (also with the driver, passengers, etc., as subject). Also figurative: to distance oneself; to withdraw one's support, favour, or allegiance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)]

wendeOE

i-wite971

ashakec975

shakeOE

to go awayOE

witea1000

afareOE

agoOE

atwendOE

awayOE

to wend awayOE

awendOE

gangOE

rimeOE

flitc1175

to fare forthc1200

depart?c1225

part?c1225

partc1230

to-partc1275

biwitec1300

atwitea1325

withdrawa1325

to draw awayc1330

passc1330

to turn one's (also the) backc1330

lenda1350

begonec1370

remuea1375

voidc1374

removec1380

to long awaya1382

twinc1386

to pass one's wayc1390

trussc1390

waive1390

to pass out ofa1398

avoida1400

to pass awaya1400

to turn awaya1400

slakec1400

wagc1400

returnc1405

to be gonea1425

muck1429

packc1450

recede1450

roomc1450

to show (a person) the feetc1450

to come offc1475

to take one's licence1475

issue1484

devoidc1485

rebatea1500

walka1500

to go adieua1522

pikea1529

to go one's ways1530

retire?1543

avaunt1549

to make out1558

trudge1562

vade?1570

fly1581

leave1593

wag1594

to get off1595

to go off1600

to put off1600

shog1600

troop1600

to forsake patch1602

exit1607

hence1614

to give offa1616

to take off1657

to move off1692

to cut (also slip) the painter1699

sheera1704

to go about one's business1749

mizzle1772

to move out1792

transit1797–1803

stump it1803

to run away1809

quit1811

to clear off1816

to clear out1816

nash1819

fuff1822

to make (take) tracks (for)1824

mosey1829

slope1830

to tail out1830

to walk one's chalks1835

to take away1838

shove1844

trot1847

fade1848

evacuate1849

shag1851

to get up and get1854

to pull out1855

to cut (the) cable(s)1859

to light out1859

to pick up1872

to sling one's Daniel or hook1873

to sling (also take) one's hook1874

smoke1893

screw1896

shoot1897

voetsak1897

to tootle off1902

to ship out1908

to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909

to push off1918

to bugger off1922

biff1923

to fuck off1929

to hit, split or take the breeze1931

to jack off1931

to piss offa1935

to do a mick1937

to take a walk1937

to head off1941

to take a hike1944

moulder1945

to chuff off1947

to get lost1947

to shoot through1947

skidoo1949

to sod off1950

peel1951

bug1952

split1954

poop1961

mugger1962

frig1965

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > movement of vehicles > move or go along [verb (intransitive)] > move away or outwards

to draw away1648

to pull out1920

to pull away1955

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > lack of social communications or relations [verb (intransitive)] > withdraw from association

separate1595

cut1783

dissociate1866

to draw away1892

c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) l. 330 Ac he made lourand chere, And drowȝ awai wiȝ al his miȝt.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 26131 He agh him ar to drau awai..And forthink his lang delaiance þat he fordraun has his penance.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. v. l. 178 Mesapus..Affrays sor, at hym dryvand hys steid; The tother drew away for feir and dreid.

1648 Parliament-kite No. 1 5 The..command given, Draw away Carman.

1665 Cheating Solliciter Cheated 56 He pull'd up his Leggs from the Cart, hanging himself..before the Cart drew away.

1788 tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Paul & Virginia 201 He..offered him his hand, but Paul drew away, and turned his head, unable to bear his sight.

1892 Engineer 20 May 437/1 Foreign countries continue to draw away from France, and enter into closer commercial relations with England and Germany.

1936 R. Lehmann Weather in Streets i. ii. 58 The..car..drew away with its old familiar long-drawn rising moan.

1987 Times (Nexis) 9 July What won't be..easy is to protect society without drawing away from those at risk.

2014 Times-Colonist (Victoria) (Nexis) 5 Oct. c11 We boarded the early ferry.., ready to sleep as we drew away from the still-humming capital.

b. transitive (reflexive). To move (oneself) away from someone or something; to withdraw, recoil. Also figurative: to set (oneself) at a distance from someone or something.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)]

leaveeOE

beleavea1250

devoidc1325

voidc1330

roomc1400

wagc1400

departa1425

refusea1425

avoid1447

ishc1450

remove1459

absent1488

part1496

refrain1534

to turn the backc1540

quita1568

apart1574

shrink1594

to fall from ——1600

to draw away1616

to go off ——a1630

shifta1642

untenant1795

evacuate1809

exit1830

stash1888

split1956

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > render unsociable [verb (transitive)] > withdraw from association with

unfrequent1598

to draw away1977

1616 Burning Bush, not Consumed 28 It [sc. the soule] must..Draw it selfe away from the wrath, as fast as may bee, least it bee deuoured thereof.

1766 T. Cooper Compend. Midwifery 155 It is of the utmost importance, to have the Patient placed in such an Attitude.., as that she cannot retract, or draw herself away from the Operator.

1883 R. W. Dixon Mano i. 3 Mano, who had fierceness in his blood, At the first question drew himself away.

1977 Y. M. Boateng Return 19 He slowly drew himself away from the king as he got to know him better.

2013 L. George Last Doctor she should ever Date 248 She dropped his hand... Drew herself away and walked down the tunnel alone.

a. transitive. To persuade or entice (a person) away from one course of action and into another, esp. one that is considered unwise; to attract; to lure away. Frequently with from.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)] > away

ofdraw?c1225

spana1250

to draw awayc1384

slock1483

steal1526

over-tempt1643

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Baruch vi. 43 Whann eny of hem drawen aweye of eny man passinge hath slept [a1425 L.V. slepith with hym; L. dormierit cum eo], she dispisith hir neiȝbore.

?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 149 (MED) Whi ben not þes lordis þat þus holden curatis in here courtis & worldly offices traitours to god almyȝtty, siþ þei drawen awey his chef knyttis fro here gostly bataile whanne & where þei weren most nedful?

1549 tr. J. Calvin Short Instr. Good Christian People sig. Diii^v They do ordaine ministers in hast, to make seperation in the church, to draw away y^e people.

1598 R. Cleaver Godly Form Househ. Gouernement 60 Though a man be eager minded toward his busines, yet by vain & idle company he shall be drawne away to other delights.

1648 Bp. J. Hall Select Thoughts 221 But if..we shall suffer our selves to be drawn away into some heinous wickedness [etc.].

1712 London Jests 88 The Bishop of Gaunt meeting a certain English Priest, (and suspecting he had a Hand in drawing away the Lady from his Nunnery) taxed him therewith.

1881 W. E. Gladstone Let. 8 Sept. in Diaries (1990) X. 122 To reduce the following of Parnell by drawing away from him all well inclined men.

1963 T. Munro Evol. in Arts iii. xxii. 486 There is no way of knowing how many potential geniuses in art are drawn away from artistic careers into others.

2014 UK Govt. News (Nexis) 31 Oct. To stay safe from romance frauds, individuals should..be suspicious if someone tries to draw them away from a dating website onto email or instant messaging.

b. transitive. To cause (the mind, attention, eyes, etc.) to turn away from or become attracted to something; to distract, divert. Cf. sense 32a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)]

fortogglea1300

to call away1529

scatter1530

forhale1579

to draw away1586

diffuse?1587

to call off1606

divert1609

to put out1616

avoke1623

disjoint1628

to take a person out of himself (herself, etc.)1631

to draw off1646

divertise1648

to take off1670

dissipate1684

to turn off1741

to throw out1821

to turn away1848

1586 E. Pagitt tr. L. Lavater Bk. Ruth Expounded iv. f. 117^v It should not be graunted, that they..bable out many words, nothing appertayning to the matter, and..wearie the iudges, and draw away their minds from the matter propounded.

1627 G. Hakewill Apologie iv. ii. 414 When I..behold the monstrous humors of these prodigall spirits, my mind is drawn away still from the progresse of mine intended journey.

1793 ‘Mr. Shandy’ Sentimental Journey II. 24 As I said this, my thoughts were drawn away from the clue of nature into another train of reasoning.

1876 Month Feb. 214 The eye is drawn away from this high Alpine way to the Matterhorn, which rises a tower of snow-clad rock.

1988 Approach Nov. 28/2 A bright flash to the south of Stanley town drew my attention away from the airfield.

2002 New Internationalist Aug. 7/1 Your eyes are drawn away to the contrasting bright green of well-watered English gardens.

to draw back

a. intransitive. To move backwards from one's position; to retire, retreat; to recoil. In early use also transitive (reflexive) in the same sense.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > retire, withdraw, or retreat

withdraw1297

recoilc1330

give place1382

arrear1399

to draw backa1400

resortc1425

adrawc1450

recedec1450

retraya1470

returna1470

rebut1481

wyke1481

umbedrawc1485

retreata1500

retract1535

retire1542

to give back1548

regress1552

to fall back?1567

peak1576

flinch1578

to fall offa1586

to draw off1602

to give ground1607

retrograde1613

to train off1796

to beat a retreat1861

to back off1938

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15891 He drogh him bak be him [read behind] þe men.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 15925 Petre drogh him bakker mare.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 21408 (MED) The same kyng..With shame and gret confusioun Drowh bak vn-to hys pavyllioun.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 526 He drewe backe and defended himselfe as well as he coulde.

?1556 J. Bradford Copye Let. to Erles sig. G.viii If we draw backe our kingdom wil fal.

1650 O. Cromwell Let. 30 July in Writings & Speeches (1939) (modernized text) II. 300 In the morning,..we resolved to draw back to our quarters at Musselburgh, there to refresh and revictual.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives IV. 308 At first..they drew back and dispersed. But when they had recollected themselves..they attacked him hand to hand.

1785 J. Trusler Mod. Times III. 157 He draws back when they are addressing him, as if contamination was in their breath, and is all gooseskin at a low bred man.

1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 196 These rocks begin at last to draw back here and there from the river.

1897 K. S. Ranjitsinhji Jubilee Bk. Cricket iv. 174 All the really strong back-players draw back in making back-strokes.

1902 J. London Law of Life in Children of Frost 49 Now one wormed his chest forward, dragging his haunches after, now a second, now a third; but never a one drew back.

2011 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 14 Apr. a8 The..police clashed with the First Armored Division; their forces drew back, and then attacked again.

b. intransitive. figurative. To withdraw or distance oneself (from an undertaking, course of action, etc.); to choose not to take action, esp. because of nervousness or uncertainty.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > reverse or abandon one's purpose [verb (intransitive)] > withdraw from an engagement or promise

starta1450

fang1522

recidivate1528

to draw back1572

flinch1578

to shrink collar1579

retract1616

to shrink out of the collar1636

renege1651

to fly off1667

to slip (the) collarc1677

to declare off1749

to cry off1775

to back out1807

to fight off1833

crawfish1848

welsh1871

to pull out1884

1572 A. Golding tr. H. Bullinger Confut. Popes Bull f. 20 The Lord spake after the same maner in old tyme vnto Moses, when he drew backe and would haue shunned the Lordes callyng.

1611 Bible (King James) Heb. x. 38 If any man drawe backe, my soule shall haue no pleasure in him.

a1632 T. Taylor God's Judgem. (1642) ii. iv. 48 When in the stead of going on, we rather stand still, or draw backe; and this recreance and defiling, if not taken in time, may turne to Infidelity and Apostasie.

a1770 J. Jortin Serm. (1772) VII. ii. 19 Christians..must not draw back and become the servants of sin.

1861 Temple Bar Mar. 517 Too deeply committed to draw back.

1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 118 Duff, to draw back from a bargain or undertaking; to throw it up.

2008 Independent 4 Feb. 31/1 A new breed of able and bright professional women who are drawing back from an all-consuming work ethic.

a. transitive. To take back (something); to revoke.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)]

fordoOE

allayOE

withdrawc1290

withclepe13..

again-callc1390

to call againc1390

repealc1390

revokec1400

unmakec1400

rive1415

annulc1425

abroge1427

uncommandc1430

discharge?a1439

retreatc1443

retract1501

cancela1513

abrogate?1520

dissolve1526

extinct1531

rescind1531

abrenounce1537

infringe1543

recall1565

unwrite1577

extinguish1590

exauctorate1593

relinquish1594

unact1594

to strike off1597

undecide1601

unpass1606

to take off1609

to draw back1610

reclaim1615

to put back1616

abrenunciate1618

unrip1622

supersedeate1641

to set off1642

unassure1643

unorder1648

to ask away1649

disdetermine1651

unbespeak1661

undecree1667

reassumea1675

off-break1702

circumduct1726

raise1837

resiliate1838

denounce1841

disorder1852

pull1937

1610 Bp. J. Hall Common Apol. against Brownists 20 Cannot the Ratihabition (as the Lawyers speake) bee drawne backe?

1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey I. 95 I always suffer my judgment to draw back something on that very account.

1858 Daily News 15 Dec. 4/3 The Bank of Vienna, in order to defeat the natural efforts of foreign markets to right themselves and to draw back a portion of the specie draughted from them, enforced the most rigid restrictions.

2002 Times 4 Oct. (Bricks & Mortar section) 20/4 These home loans are not suitable for anyone who lacks financial discipline, since they allow you to draw back any money that you have already paid off.

b. transitive. To receive a refund of (some or all of the duty on imported goods) when the goods in question are re-exported. Cf. drawback n. 3a (which also implies slightly earlier currency of this sense).

ΚΠ

1682 W. Culliford in W. B. Stephens 17th-cent. Customs Service Surveyed (2012) App. 215 Shipp out lesse in quantity or value of any manner of Forraigne Goods, which draw back by Debenture part of the duty paid at Importacon.

1709 London Gaz. No. 4509/3 The Sugars must pay French Duties, but on Exportation draws back all but about 2s. per C.

1818 St. James's Chron. 21 July (advt.) Sundry Forms of Notices for buying in Property, Warrant for drawing back Duty, Conditions of Sale, and other necessary Information.

1866 Daily News & Herald (Savannah, Georgia) 17 May No dealer..would purchase cotton burdened with a duty of five cents per pound, unless he could draw back the duty in the price of the taxed commodity.

1995 Interfaces 25 76/2 There are three ways to avoid or draw back duty charges.

to draw by

†1. transitive. To draw (something) aside. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1830 Ld. Tennyson Mariana ii, in Poems 15 She drew her casementcurtain [sic] by.

1868 Illustr. Mag. 26 111 I never draw the curtain by; I never lift the blind, Lest curious or careless eye Should note what is behind.

2. intransitive. Of time or a period of time: to elapse, come to an end.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > spend time [verb (intransitive)] > expire or run out

to run outa1400

outrunc1425

to pass by1488

to draw by1850

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > be at an end [verb (intransitive)] > approach the end

wane1590

to grow to wastea1616

to draw in1769

to draw by1850

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lviii. 84 The foolish neighbours..tease her till the day draws by; At night she weeps.

1920 J. Masefield Right Royal i. 38 The time drew by to the great event. At a quarter to three the big bell pealed.

2006 E. Midwinter Salisbury 94 He was sometimes criticised, especially as the years drew by, for insufficient direction of his colleagues.

to draw down

a. transitive. To pull or drag (something) down; to cause (something) to come down.

ΚΠ

c1300 St. Patrick's Purgatory (Laud) l. 417 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 212 Ore felawes..schullen..drawe þe doun forth with hem Into helle grounde a-non.

a1333 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 29 Ich habbe y-trodded þe uolk in wrethe and in grome, Adreynt al wyth shennesse, y-drawe doun wyth shome.

1449 J. Paston Petition in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 52 The seid lord sent to the seid mansion a riotous peple..arrayd in maner of werre with..long cromes to draw doun howsis, ladderes, pikoys with which thei myned down the walles.

1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. ii. vii. f. cxxxvi^v Therfore he muste drawe it downe agayne, wyth the poynt of the nedle.

1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles i. 125 You are a faire Violl, and your sense, the stringes; Who finger'd to make man his lawfull musicke, Would draw Heauen downe.

1772 W. Bailey Machines Soc. Arts I. 252 The sliding bolt, which occasionally draws down the brake on the periphery of the walking wheel.

1891 O. Schreiner Story Afr. Farm ii. xii He drew the sails down before and behind, and the wagon rolled away slowly.

1998 World of Interiors Feb. 56 The brightness becomes blinding and the moment comes to draw down the blinds.

b. transitive. figurative. To attract (a particular response or reaction); to bring (something, esp. censure) on (also upon) a person.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon

send971

drivea1400

inrun1471

work1487

to draw down1595

invite1599

derive1611

superinduce1615

incur1627

to bring down1662

induce1857

1595 W. Perkins Expos. Creed Apostles 40 This prerogatiue can none haue, but he that is the child of God: as for others when they sinne, they doe nothing else but draw downe Gods iudgements upon them, for their deeper condemnation.

a1694 J. Tillotson in Wks. (1820) I. 420 The blessings it will draw down upon us.

1788 R. Shepherd Ground & Credibility Christian Relig. iv. 100 The immediate blessings, prayer draws down on the relying votary.

1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) I. 164 This of course draws down French vengeance.

1873 Appletons' Jrnl. 9 Aug. 191/2 The good people of Glasgow have just drawn down upon themselves a severe rebuke from the pulpit.

1972 F. Farr FDR viii. 409 Roosevelt also was determined not to draw down criticism on himself of the sort that landed on Wilson when he knifed Colonel House.

2012 Guardian (Nexis) 28 May 26 Niall Ferguson's much-publicised divorce drew down upon him the kind of fake moral disapproval usually reserved for footballers.

†2. transitive. Cookery. To cook (an ingredient) until it becomes thicker, more concentrated, or reduced in volume; to stew or boil (something) down. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > boil > boil down

to draw down1743

1743 Family Mag. (ed. 2) i. 50/1 Slice some carrots and turneps, put them in a stew-pan, with a piece of butter; draw them down till they stick to the pan.

1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 15 Put all those into a stew pan, with some water, and draw them down to a light brown colour.

1852 Ladies' Indispensable Assistant 41 Put the meat on a dish, then make a good stock of a leg of veal, lean ham and the flesh of the inside of the turtle; draw it down to a color, then fill it up with beef stock.

1904 S. Beaty-Pownall ‘Queen’ Cookery Bks. (ed. 2) No. 7. 31 Draw down in the preserving pan sufficient good ripe raspberries to produce a pint of juice, and sweeten this juice to taste after straining it.

3. transitive. Forging. To make (a bar, ingot, etc.) flatter or narrower by hammering.

ΚΠ

1815 S. Parkes Chem. Ess. IV. xv. 450 It is well known that it is the circumstance of drawing down the shear-steel under the tilt hammer that gives it the superiority over common steel.

1905 Amer. Blacksmith Jan. 72/1 Next take the piece to the hammer and draw it down to about twice the desired thickness and quite a bit narrower.

2008 G. W. R. Ward Grove Encycl. Materials & Techniques in Art 376/1 (caption) Swages in use on an anvil to draw down a rod of metal.

4. Banking and Finance (originally U.S.).

a. transitive. To withdraw (money or a sum of money) from an account, fund, or loan facility. Also: to take out (a loan or mortgage).

ΚΠ

1853 Madison (Indiana) Dollar Weekly Courier 16 Nov. The country banks..have drawn down their deposits in this city. They have required every dollar of their available means, to meet their liabilities.

1893 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 18 Aug. 8/4 Timid depositors..have drawn down their savings and put them in old bureau drawers, stockings and other..hiding places.

1932 Forum & Cent. Mar. 132/1 Anybody who was out of work was entitled by statutory right to draw down weekly payments from the insurance fund.

1984 Financial Times 18 Apr. 35/2 The bank..received a $300m standby credit from its shareholders, of which $100m has been drawn down.

2017 Irish Examiner (Nexis) 13 Oct. She drew down a mortgage in 2006 from Ulster Bank to buy an apartment.

b. intransitive. With on. To withdraw money from a fund, loan, etc., esp. in stages or gradually.

ΚΠ

1919 Postal Rec. (U.S.) Oct. 298/3 Garrity, you are all right: you can draw down on your $3,000 any time from the M. B. A.: we will fix it.

1944 Jrnl. Marketing 9 59/2 When we double the taxes.., we soon have him drawing down on his savings and cutting down his expenditures.

1979 Washington Post 29 May a10/6 The International Monetary Fund..is ready to allow the Turks to resume drawing down on $310 million credit frozen since December.

2017 Daily Express 26 Sept. 35/3 Rather than taking all the mortgage in one go, you can draw down on it when you need it.

5. transitive. colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.). To earn or receive (a salary or wage). Cf. sense 81.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)]

to push one's (also a) fortune1609

to draw down1890

to pile up the rocks1897

1890 Salt Lake Tribune 24 Aug. 8/2 The driver..will not draw down a large salary this week.

1919 Argonaut 11 Oct. 226/3 It is high time for practical action when..a longshoreman draws down a larger pay check than a professor of philosophy.

1938 N.Y. Amsterdam News 30 Apr. 14/1 He could only expect to draw down twenty five bucks for his fight.

1967 N.Y. Times 27 Aug. 14 e/5 You've got these two pitchers sitting around drawing down ten billion dollars a year, or whatever it is.

1991 Independent (Nexis) 8 Jan. 21 The brothers Saatchi continue to draw down salaries in excess of £300,000.

2003 W. Bernhardt Death Row xxvii. 333 Everyone wanted him to work for them. He was drawing down huge bucks.

a. intransitive. U.S. To direct, point, or aim a firearm at a person or animal; to train a gun on.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > discharge firearms [verb (intransitive)] > take aim

aim1566

vizyc1600

hold1881

to aim off1904

to draw down1907

1907 Crow Creek Jrnl. (Toston, Montana) 12 Sept. Drawing down on the deer as calmly as though shooting at a target she pressed the trigger.

1970 J. Dickey Deliverance (1973) 105 ‘I began to shift around to find a place I could shoot through the leaves... When the guy started getting back on his feet, I drew down on him, and waited.’ ‘How did you know when to shoot?’

1985 K. Lynn Midsummer Moon xii. 135 Picking up one of his pair of duelling pistols, he drew down on the target and fired and hit the center of the bullseye.

2008 J. Todd Sun going Down (2009) xxi. 200 He waited until the riders were under fifteen hundred yards and drew down on a jouncing rider..and squeezed the trigger.

b. intransitive. U.S. To draw and point a firearm at a person; to pull a gun on someone.

ΚΠ

1974 V. E. Smith Jones Men xxix. 250 When they draw down on him and tell him to get the fuck out the way, he just stands there..like a Goddamn fool.

1993 G. Donaldson Ville 23 Why didn't you fire your weapon when the kid drew down on you?

2008 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 23 Mar. b1 In the middle of an August night in 1996, he drew down with a .25-caliber handgun at a home invader.

2021 S. Thompson Hell on Border v. 53 He drew down on Cully with his Colt and blew him backward with a .45 slug to the gut.

7. transitive. Military. To reduce the size of (a military force), esp. in a particular area. Also intransitive: (of a military force) to reduce its presence in an area.

ΚΠ

1941 N.Y. Times 19 Oct. e3/6 It is more likely that Japan will move in Siberia first if Russia collapses or is forced to draw down its forces in the East.

1960 Hansard Commons (Electronic ed.) 1 Mar. 1151 We received permission to reduce our forces. Indeed, we said at that time that we would draw down our forces even more than we have done.

1969 Washington Post 14 Dec. b7/1 The Nixon plan takes the form of a timetable for drawing down American troops in Vietnam to about 50,000 men.

1994 M. A. McDevitt in M. D. Bellows Asia in 21st Cent. iii. 156 Overseas forces have drawn down in most parts of the world.

2004 Financial Times 3 Apr. 27/2 The Iraqi army and police would stay intact allowing US and allied forces to draw down in a matter or weeks or months.

2016 J. F. Copper China's Foreign Aid Diplomacy II. iii. 119 The United States and other countries drew down their forces causing security and other conditions to deteriorate.

to draw forth

a. transitive. To cause (a person or thing) to come forth; to bring forth. Also (in quot. c1400) intransitive: †to proceed, come forth (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)]

unwryc825

unhelec1000

to draw forthc1175

unhillc1200

to bring forth?c1225

unsteekc1250

let witc1275

uncovera1300

wraya1300

knowc1300

barea1325

shrivec1374

unwrapc1374

again-covera1382

nakena1382

outc1390

tellc1390

disclosea1393

cough1393

unhidea1400

unclosec1400

unhaspc1400

bewrayc1405

reveal1409

accusea1413

reveil1424

unlocka1425

unrekec1425

disclude?1440

uncurec1440

utter1444

detect1447

break1463

expose1483

divinec1500

revelate1514

to bring (also put) to light1526

decipher1529

rake1547

rip1549

unshadow1550

to lay to sight1563

uppen1565

unlace1567

unvisor?1571

resign1572

uncloak1574

disshroud1577

spill1577

reap1578

unrip1579

scour1585

unharboura1586

unmask1586

uncase1587

descrya1591

unclasp?1592

unrive1592

discover1594

unburden1594

untomb1594

unhusk1596

dismask1598

to open upc1600

untruss1600

divulge1602

unshale1606

unbrace1607

unveil1609

rave1610

disveil1611

unface1611

unsecret1612

unvizard1620

to open up1624

uncurtain1628

unscreen1628

unbare1630

disenvelop1632

unclothe1632

to lay forth1633

unshroud1633

unmuffle1637

midwife1638

dissecret1640

unseal1640

unmantle1643

to fetch out1644

undisguise1655

disvelop1658

decorticate1660

clash1667

exert1692

disinter1711

to up with1715

unbundlea1739

develop1741

disembosom1745

to open out1814

to let out1833

unsack1846

uncrown1849

to bring (out) in (also into) the open1861

unfrock1866

disbosom1868

to blow the lid off1928

flush1950

surface1955

to take or pull the wraps off1964

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7413 Þatt hord tatt oppnedd wass. & draȝhenn forþ.

a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 74 Hwenne þu sittest in longynge, drauh þe forþ þis ilke wryt; Mid swete stephne þu hit singe.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl 1116 (MED) Þaȝ þay wern fele, no pres in plyt, Bot mylde as maydenez seme at mas So droȝ þay forth.

c1513 Frere & Boye sig. Aii The boye drewe forth suche as he had And sayd do gladly.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. x. sig. Mm4^v Out of his bouget forth he drew Great store of treasure.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 89 To see if they could..draw forth into the Maine, the Sardan Galleyes.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 134 The Madrecon that drawes forth the Army, and ranges it in battalia.

1879 E. Dowden Southey iv. 86 A May morning would draw him forth into the sun.

1925 T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. II. iii. xxv. 321 And here he wearily..drew forth his large white handkerchief once more.

2008 S. Barry Secret Script. (2011) 111 My first thought was that he was drawing forth a gun or a knife from his britches.

†b. transitive. To appeal to (something) for confirmation; to produce as evidence; = sense 24a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > bring forward as evidence

to draw forthc1175

showa1325

drawc1330

allaya1387

to avouch a thing upon (a person)1393

allegea1398

adduce?a1425

induce1433

recite1509

infera1529

vouch1531

cite1550

avouch1573

relate1604

instance1608

rejourn1624

quote1663

abduce1720

invoke1879

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11907 He droh þær forþ. Þe bokess lare.

c. transitive. To attract (a particular reaction or response) from a person or group; = sense 37.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth

movea1398

drawa1400

provoke?a1425

askc1450

to draw out1525

to stir up1526

allure?1532

suscitate1532

to call out1539

to draw fortha1569

draw1581

attract1593

raise1598

force1602

fetch1622

milka1628

invite1650

summon1679

elicit1822

to work up?1833

educe1840

a1569 A. Kingsmill Most Excellent & Comfortable Treat. (1577) sig. D.iiii^v Nothing attaineth saluation, bringeth men nere to Gods presence, & draweth forth of gods mercie his fauourable loue, but only fayth & constant affiance in his most sure & faithfull promises.

1607 Trag. Cæsar & Pompey ii. iii. sig. D See how compassion drawes foorth Princely teares And Vertue weepes her enemies funerall.

1758 J. Johnson Love of God 67 The Tears of Sorrow, which are naturally drawn forth by the present disconsolatory Providence.

1821 Examiner 9 Dec. 780/2 Liston's exquisite drollery drew forth no cordial laugh.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 168 His bravery..drew forth the generous applause of hostile armies.

1947 Amer. Speech 22 34 This call drew forth a spirited response, which continued throughout the following month of June.

1993 R. J. Landy Persona & Performance iv. 73 Actors must assert themselves through the role, drawing forth a reaction from the audience.

†2. transitive. To pass or spend (time, esp. a prolonged or protracted period of time). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)]

overdoOE

adreeOE

wreaka1300

to draw forthc1300

dispend1340

pass1340

drivea1375

wastec1381

occupyc1384

overpassa1387

to pass over ——a1393

usec1400

spend1423

contrive?a1475

overdrive1487

consumea1500

to pass forth1509

to drive off1517

lead1523

to ride out1529

to wear out, forth1530

to pass away?1550

to put offc1550

shiftc1562

to tire out1563

wear1567

to drive out1570

entertainc1570

expire1589

tire1589

outwear1590

to see out1590

outrun1592

outgo1595

overshoot1597

to pass out1603

fleeta1616

elapse1654

term1654

trickle1657

to put over1679

absorb1686

spin1696

exercise1711

kill1728

to get through ——1748

to get over ——1751

tickc1870

fill1875

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 406 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 505 Þat he al day forþ drouȝ.

1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. F4 In this sort did Pleusidippus draw foorth his infancie.

c1632 T. Hooker Let. in C. Mather Magnalia Christi (1702) iii. i. App. 62/1 I have drawn forth many wearyish Hours.

1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. ix. 25) 86 Leonard..drew forth a most poor life in the Netherlands, whither he escaped.

†3. transitive. To draw, depict (something); to set down (a plan, design, etc.); to draw up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)]

writeeOE

drawa1398

descrivec1400

describe1538

to draw forth1539

to set out1545

design1570

to draw out1576

detrain1587

lineate16..

linea1616

redraw1728

1539 R. Taverner Garden of Wysdom sig. C.iii^v He espyed vpon the shoore certayne mathematicall figures drawn forth in the sande.

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Hiiii Utopus himself..drew furth the platte fourme of ye citie.

1614 in Cal. State Papers Ireland 7 Dec. 530 Warrant to draw forth a fiant of pardon unto Connor Roe Magwire, Esq.

1769 A. Machay Pasquin I. i. 22 The obedient powers, pregnant of invention, drew forth a plan, and then they modified the atmosphere.

1813 M. Faraday Let. June in P. Day Philosopher's Tree (1999) ix. 139 Some Lecturers choose to express their thoughts extemporaneously, immediately as they occur to the mind, whilst others previously arrange them and draw them forth on paper.

to draw in

1. transitive. To pull (something) in, to retract; to suck in (liquid).See also to draw in one's horns at horn n. 5b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > draw in

to draw ina1398

to suck in1597

indraw1883

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. i. 1100 Fisshes haueþ braunches wherby þey drawen inne and putteþ out water.

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 102^v (MED) Þe snayl haþ his hous ouer hym wheþer he walke or reste, and out of his hous he scheteþ his heued whan he wole & draweþ him yn aȝen.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 260 He drewe in his head and closed in his Wyndow.

1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 37 Eagles draw in their tallants as they set in their nestes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iv. v. 22 For this I draw in many a teare, And stop the rising of blood-sucking sighes.

1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xiii. 81 The greedy Earth..opened her mouth to draw in Townes and Cities.

1713 J. Gay Rural Sports 9 Now, sporting Muse, draw in the flowing Reins.

1837 Tait's Edinb. Mag. July 437/1 The plank was forthwith drawn in; and the window closed with shooting-bolts.

1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 25 The snail affords a remarkable, though familiar instance, when it draws in its eye-stalks.

1991 Motor Boat & Yachting Jan. 154/4 Its ‘turbocharger’ design..uses the pressure of the outgoing waste water to help draw in the raw sea water.

2014 A. Roberts Incredible Unlikeliness of Being 330 You have a muscle tucked in between the first and second metacarpals which powerfully draws the thumb in towards the other fingers.

2. transitive. To take (air, smoke, etc.) into the lungs; to breathe (a substance) in; to inhale. Cf. sense 34a(a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > inhalation > inhale [verb (transitive)]

to suck inc1220

drawa1300

inbreathea1382

to draw ina1398

to take in1495

inhaust1547

fetch1552

fet1556

imbreathe1574

to breathe in1576

attract1582

suck?1614

inspirate1615

imbibe1621

inspire1666

redistend1684

inhale1725

embreathe1867

indraw1883

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. viii. 1124 Þe asse..exciteþ þe femelle to loue with dredeful roryng and horrible. And draweþ in breþ and wynd.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxviii. [cxix.] 131 I open my mouth and drawe in my breth.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 605 All their cattle for want of water do draw in the could aire.

1707 J. Norris Pract. Treat. Humility x. 402 Soft oily poisons which we incautiously draw in for common breath.

1831 S. E. Ferrier Destiny I. xiii. 121 Mr M'Dow..drew in about a quarter of a pound of snuff.

1892 Graphic 210/3 Hughes drew in his breath sharply.

2012 S. Mawer Girl who fell from Sky (2013) 10 She waited, drawing in smoke from the cigarette, determined not to let him see any change in her manner.

†3. transitive. To cause (something) to follow as a consequence; to bring about; to lead to. Cf. sense 36a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring about as a consequence or entail

makeOE

haveOE

drawa1400

to draw inc1405

to leave behind1424

goc1449

to draw on1572

train1579

carry1581

beara1616

to lead toa1770

evolve1816

entail1829

mean1841

issue1842

subinduce1855

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §1000 The drecchynge of o synne draweþ In another.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 56 One worde drauithe an other in.

1700 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) iv. xvii. 407 A view of the connexion of all the intermediate Ideas that draw in the Conclusion.

4. transitive. To induce or influence (a person) to come to a place or join in a venture, (in early use) spec. by using trickery or other underhand methods; to exert an attraction on (a person). Also with infinitive: to induce (a person) to do something (now rare).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > get to take part in

to draw in?1558

interess1623

interest1630

?1558–9 Deuise for Alteratione of Religione (Julius F.vi) f. 168^v Thomas Smythe to call them to gether, & be amongst them, & after y^t consultatione wth thes to drawe in other men of learning.

1606 True Relation Proc. at Arraignm. Late Traitors sig. K4^v Onely perswaded and drawen in by Catesby.

1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man x. 215 I wish those who make it their business, to draw in customers to that trade of debauchery, would consider it.

1726 W. R. Chetwood Voy. & Adventures Capt. R. Boyle 55 Smiling..to think how soon I drew in the credulous Captain.

1752 S. Foote Taste ii. 31 Mæcenas,..has been drawn in to purchase..a Cart-load of—Rubbish.

1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice III. xiv. 246 Your arts..may..have made him forget what he owes to himself and to all his family. You may have drawn him in .

1833 H. Martineau Manch. Strike (new ed.) iv. 54 He was not the man to be drawn in to do what..he disliked.

2000 Times 3 Aug. ii. 29/2 I think it makes a real difference that it is a football ground. It gives it that ‘oomph’ and draws the children in.

2011 N.Y. Mag. 10 Oct. 39/2 To make Twitter seem inevitable, it got..newspeople and celebrities..to use it and draw in more users.

5. transitive. To reduce the size or extent of (something), spec. to alter (a garment) so as to make it fit more closely; to cause to contract.See also to draw in one's belt at belt n.¹ Phrases 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > contract or shrink

inknitc1374

drawc1390

shrinka1398

strain1398

to shorten up1530

contrahe1540

to gather up1553

to draw in1572

contract1604

constringe1652

purse1668

constrain1697

undistend1868

collapse1908

1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) To shrincke, or drawe in the necke, collum contrahere, retirer le col... To shrincke, or drawe in his legges, crura contrahere, retirer ses iambes.

1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xxxv. sig. G2^v No Citizens wife..drawes in her mouth with a chaster simper.

1845 S. Judd Margaret i. ii. 6 Miss Gisborne's flannel..must be drawn in to-morrow.

1891 Eng. Illustr. Mag. 9 192 The gown was drawn in but slightly under the arms.

1998 G. O'Hara Callan Dict. Fashion & Fashion Designers 257/1 The waspie is an abbreviated corset constructed of bone and elastic inserts, and laced at the back or front to draw in the waist.

a. intransitive. Of evening: to approach, to close in. Also of a day: to draw to a close.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > be at an end [verb (intransitive)] > approach the end

wane1590

to grow to wastea1616

to draw in1769

to draw by1850

1769 Fruitless Repentance II. viii. 33 I did not leave town till the evening drew in.

1799 Montrose I. xiii. 140 The day passed on in harmonial tete á tete, the evening drew in.

1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 260/2 Hours passed and the evening drew in.

1891 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Prisoners & Captives II. iii. 55 The short winter day was drawing in.

1933 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Cloud Howe in Scots Quair (1995) ii. 38 The day would draw in, the night would come on, and the stars come out.

1994 S. Murphey Bean Blossom Dreams vii. 119 Evening was drawing in and we hadn't seen the half of it.

b. intransitive. Of a succession of evenings or nights in autumn and winter: to start at an earlier time as the days become shorter. Also of a succession of days in autumn and winter: to become shorter. Cf. to draw out 3c at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > [verb (intransitive)] > become gradually shorter

to shut in1766

to draw in1830

1830 L. Ritchie Game of Life I. v. 162 To behold the winter at hand, and the nights drawing in, and the fire already looking so cheerful on the hearth.

1840 R. Barham in Bentley's Misc. Mar. 274 As the evenings begin To close, or, as some people call it, ‘draw in’.

1880 R. Broughton Second Thoughts II. ii. x. 86 The evenings are beginning to draw in already.

1980 B. Pym Few Green Leaves (1981) xxvi. 184 A fine bright autumn morning, but there was quite a nip in the air and the days were certainly drawing in.

2016 Cardiff Life Oct. 29 (heading) As the nights draw in, warm the cockles with these two classics from celebrated local chef Angela Gray.

to draw near

1. intransitive. To approach (either in space or time); to come near; to be imminent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent

comeOE

nigha1225

to draw nearc1330

approachc1374

drawa1375

to stand ina1382

to stand ona1382

instand1382

to draw ona1450

proacha1450

to draw nigha1470

to fall at handa1535

to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538

instant1541

to prick fast upon1565

impend1674

simmer1703

depend1710

loom1827

to knock about1866

to come up1909

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > draw near

neighlecheeOE

i-nehleche971

to draw nearc1330

to nigh nighc1330

nighle1340

to-neighea1382

nigha1387

to draw nigh?a1400

nighena1400

to nigh neara1400

to draw ona1450

neara1522

to close about, on, round, upon1523

accost1571

anear1582

anigh1594

proach1600

appropinquate1623

to close in1704

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 872 Oȝaines sir Gij þer come Gayer, To iuste wiþ him he drouȝ him ner.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2336 (MED) Otherwhile he goth a ferr, And otherwhile he draweth nerr.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 21790 Quen he droch til his ending nere.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 14525 Halde ȝou stille & drawes nere.

1504 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1504 §5. m. 5 The seid parliament draweth so nere to the ende.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 410 When the time drue neere, he came to Oxforde.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi.iii. sig. Bb8 He stayd, till that he nearer drew .

1625 W. Yonge Diary July (1848) 84 A fleet of seven or nine Hollanders..drew near.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 523. ¶7 The Time of a General Peace is, in all appearance, drawing near.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 667 Sentinels were posted to give the alarm if a stranger drew near.

2016 Radio Times 4 June (South/West ed.) 84/3 As the EU referendum draws near, it's a timely return for the show.

†2. intransitive. figurative. With to: to tend towards (a particular physical condition or quality); to incline to. Cf. sense 47. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)]

wryc888

driveOE

drawc1175

rine?c1225

soundc1374

tendc1374

lean1398

clinea1400

movec1450

turnc1450

recline?a1475

covet1520

intend?1521

extenda1533

decline?1541

bow1562

bend1567

follow1572

inflecta1575

incline1584

warpa1592

to draw near1597

squint1599

nod1600

propend1605

looka1616

verge1664

gravitate1673

set1778

slant1850

trend1863

tilt1967

1597 P. Lowe tr. Hippocrates Bk. of Presages ii. sig. B4^v in Whole Course Chirurg. The egestion & excrementall matter become thicke and not too dry and of a good colour, as drawing neere to red or browne, and be not very vnsauorie.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 101 The Cocuma that grows in Java, is a root like to Ginger, her blossoms like Lillies broken off green, draws near to the yellow, and dried is easily broken.

to draw nigh

intransitive. To approach (either in space or time); to come near; to draw near. Now somewhat archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > draw near

neighlecheeOE

i-nehleche971

to draw nearc1330

to nigh nighc1330

nighle1340

to-neighea1382

nigha1387

to draw nigh?a1400

nighena1400

to nigh neara1400

to draw ona1450

neara1522

to close about, on, round, upon1523

accost1571

anear1582

anigh1594

proach1600

appropinquate1623

to close in1704

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent

comeOE

nigha1225

to draw nearc1330

approachc1374

drawa1375

to stand ina1382

to stand ona1382

instand1382

to draw ona1450

proacha1450

to draw nigha1470

to fall at handa1535

to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538

instant1541

to prick fast upon1565

impend1674

simmer1703

depend1710

loom1827

to knock about1866

to come up1909

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 1650 Þer foreyn men drouh þam nehi.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 178 Whan hit drew nyghe the terme-day that sir Gawayne, sir Marhaute and sir Uwayne made to mete.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xvi. f. cxlvj The houre draweth nye.

1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 146 The end of this time drew nie.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 645 He drew not nigh unheard.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 11 My end draws nigh; 'tis time that I were gone.

1923 Humorist 15 Sept. 179/2 But summer time is passing swift, The autumn's drawing nigh.

1997 Time Out N.Y. 31 July 47/1 As the National Slam Championships draws nigh, poets hailing from the backwoods of the Ozarks..beat a path to the Nuyorican.

to draw off

1. transitive. To pull (something) off; to remove, extract; to divert or attract to oneself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away

ateec885

withbreidec890

animOE

overbearOE

to do awayOE

flitc1175

reavec1175

takec1175

to have away?a1300

to draw awayc1300

weve13..

to wend awaya1325

withdrawa1325

remuec1325

to carry away1363

to take away1372

waive1377

to long awaya1382

oftakec1390

to draw offa1398

to do froa1400

forflitc1420

amove?a1425

to carry out?a1425

surtrayc1440

surtretec1440

twistc1440

abstract1449

ostea1450

remove1459

ablatea1475

araisea1475

redd1479

dismove1480

diminish?1504

convey1530

alienate1534

retire1536

dimove1540

reversec1540

subtractc1540

submove1542

sublate1548

pare1549

to pull in1549

exempt1553

to shift off1567

retract?1570

renversec1586

aufer1587

to lay offa1593

rear1596

retrench1596

unhearse1596

exemea1600

remote1600

to set off1600

subduct1614

rob1627

extraneize1653

to bring off1656

to pull back1656

draft1742

extract1804

reef1901

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away > forcibly tear off or away

tear1297

aracec1315

arachec1315

ravisha1382

pullc1390

to draw offa1398

roota1398

ripa1400

to pull awayc1410

to rip upc1425

brit1578

arrest1593

to carry away1604

avulsea1765

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xix. 1159 Þe camele is..lene by kynde. For þe hete draweþ of al the fatnesse of þe blood.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8116 Þe king drou of his gloue.

?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 41 Mary Mawdelayne and Mary Cleophe, makand sorow..and drawand off þaire hare.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Deschausser,..to vnhose, or draw off hosen.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iii. 37 Bark of Maho... You may draw it off either in flakes or small threads.

1711 A. Pope Corr. 19 July (1956) I. 128 Tonson's printer told me he drew off a thousand copies in his first impression.

1747 B. Franklin Let. 1 Sept. in Exper. & Observ. Electr. (1751) 10 The wonderful effect of pointed bodies, both in drawing off and throwing off the electrical fire.

1842 Sheffield & Rotherham Independent 1 Jan. 4/4 The question was proposed..whether their Masters could not assist them in procuring what are called Fannies, to draw off the dust, so as to prevent it from affecting the lungs of the Grinders.

1883 C. Birley Oh Dear! What can Matter Be? ii. 36 She drew off her tightly-fitting slipper and handed it round about amongst the people.

1975 I. Murdoch Word Child 103 Even if there was nothing she could do, her loving sharing mind drew off some of the pain.

2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) viii. 194 The inverters all contain a shut-down mechanism if an attempt is made to draw off too much power by plugging in too large a load for too long.

2017 G. Tallent My Absolute Darling iii. 32 He cuts the deck and Turtle draws off the start card, the queen of hearts, and lays it faceup.

a. transitive. To extract (liquid) by means of a tap, channel, or by suction, esp. without disturbing the bottom or sediment. Also: by metonymy, with the container as object.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)]

draw1379

to draw off1594

tap1598

broach1649

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > extract gas or liquid

exhaust1540

draina1552

to draw off1594

uncask1594

spring1597

carry1602

tap1602

milka1628

to carry off1677

evacuate1719

drafta1875

aspirate1880

bleed1889

1594 H. Plat Jewell House 59 It is also very good to tilt your beere, when the Vessel is little more then halfe drawn off, for so you shall draw your beere good euen to the latter end.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World viii. 226 The Indico falls to the bottom... When it is thus settled they draw off the Water.

1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxxix. 547 A Rowel is to draw off the bad or corrupt Humours from the Blood.

1840 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 1 iii. 316 The water can be successfully drawn off by a catheter.

1892 Field 26 Nov. 802/3 Care should be taken not to disturb the lees until all the cider is drawn off.

1959 Times 10 Nov. p. iii/5 Large mashing vessels called kieves from which the wort is drawn off leaving the grains behind.

2018 Bolton News (Nexis) 20 Mar. His family took him to A & E at Salford Royal where they drew off some ankle fluid and sent it for tests.

b. intransitive. To drain away, to flow off.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > lose liquid or moisture by draining [verb (intransitive)] > of liquid: to drain away

drain1587

to draw off1800

1800 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 9) I. i. ii. 186 To keep back the waters which otherwise would draw off [earlier edd. flow off] too fast.

1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 9 The deposit that would be left after the water had drawn off.

2002 T. G. Frey in A. G. Smith & M. Witty Heme, Chlorophyll, & Bilins 215 If the liquid draws off evenly leaving a thin film, the grid is hydrophilic.

a. intransitive. To move off; to retire, withdraw; to retreat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > retire, withdraw, or retreat

withdraw1297

recoilc1330

give place1382

arrear1399

to draw backa1400

resortc1425

adrawc1450

recedec1450

retraya1470

returna1470

rebut1481

wyke1481

umbedrawc1485

retreata1500

retract1535

retire1542

to give back1548

regress1552

to fall back?1567

peak1576

flinch1578

to fall offa1586

to draw off1602

to give ground1607

retrograde1613

to train off1796

to beat a retreat1861

to back off1938

1602 I. E. Let. from Souldier in Ireland 7 A violent storme..gaue the enemy oportunitie..to drawe off ouer a plaine in three great bodies of foote.

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Custome of Countrey i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aa/2 Draw off a little? Here come my Mistres and her Father.

c1645 I. Tullie Narr. Siege of Carlisle (1840) 17 Barkley drew of sore bruised.

1704 tr. D. Fernández Navarrete Acct. Empire China v. xiii, in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. I. 211/2 When the Sun draws off, the Moon comes up.

1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. vii. 191 When they were all tired, they drew off on both sides.

1868 Bell's Life in London 14 Nov. 7/5 He made as though he was about to lead off, but finding that Joe was ready to give him a warm reception, he drew off again.

1905 F. A. McKenzie Tokyo to Tiflis xxviii. 288 The gas men and the water-workers drew off, only to find their places immediately taken by infantry.

1928 G. V. Carey & H. S. Scott Outl. Hist. Great War iv. 38 A German torpedo-boat was sunk; the light cruisers..drew off much damaged, and a number of enemy destroyers were in like case.

2012 J. Biddulph Pirates of Malabar ix. 82 On a breeze springing up, the Angrians drew off, leaving the East Indiamen to pursue their voyage.

b. transitive. To withdraw (troops) from a particular position, or from the scene of action.

ΚΠ

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 165 After an howers fight, when we had taken full view of the breach, and found it not assaultable, our men were drawne off, with little or no dammage on our part.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 84 Captain Watlin drew off his men.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 377 He resolved to draw off his Dragoons.

1916 D. Haig Diary 25 Feb. in War Diaries & Lett. 1914–18 (2005) 181 We agreed that it was not a feasible operation until the Enemy's reserves had been drawn off.

2010 R. W. Black Rangers in World War II iii. 26 Causing the Germans to worry about their western defense and draw off some forces from the Russian front.

†4. transitive. To cause (the mind, attention, etc.) to turn away (from an object of care or contemplation); to divert, distract (the mind, attention, etc.). Cf. sense 32a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)]

fortogglea1300

to call away1529

scatter1530

forhale1579

to draw away1586

diffuse?1587

to call off1606

divert1609

to put out1616

avoke1623

disjoint1628

to take a person out of himself (herself, etc.)1631

to draw off1646

divertise1648

to take off1670

dissipate1684

to turn off1741

to throw out1821

to turn away1848

1646 J. Clarke Leaven 1 Our blessed Saviour..draweth off the minds of his hearers, raiseth up the hearts of his Disciples, to more high, and heavenly meditations.

1680 Jews Catech. 22 That he draws off his Mind from the frail and perishing things of this present World, and fixes his whole intention upon the study of the Law and pure Religion.

1704 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World II. iii. 121 There is something in those objects..which draws off the mind from itself to the contemplation of them.

1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 187 A friend..rode after the brute, and drew off his attention to himself.

1845 G. H. Lewes Biogr. Hist. Philos. I. 53 Draw off the mind from Sensible things and conduct them to Intelligibles.

1918 Philos. Rev. 27 393 The various devices which seem to aim at a fixation of the attention are really intended only to draw off attention from its occupation with the objects of current living.

5. intransitive. Of a person: to lean back in order to lend impetus to a punch or blow. Cf. to haul off at haul v. 3c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > go back before completing an action

to draw off1864

to haul off1870

1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) Draw-off, to throw back the body to give impetus to a blow; ‘he drew off, and delivered on the left drum’.

1883 Cleveland (Ohio) Herald 31 Dec. 3/5 The young lady did not scream; but..suddenly drew off and hit him three sound blows on the shoulder.

1901 Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Nov. 57/1 Instead of laying his hand on him, he drew off and hit him a mighty good punch with his fist.

1973 I. Cochrane Streak of Madness 154 Ma just drew off and hit her on the mouth.

2002 B. Gorman & P. Walsh King of Gypsies (e-book ed.) ii Bulldog Bartley drew off and punched him as he lay there.

to draw on

1. intransitive. To advance, approach (in space or time); to draw near.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent

comeOE

nigha1225

to draw nearc1330

approachc1374

drawa1375

to stand ina1382

to stand ona1382

instand1382

to draw ona1450

proacha1450

to draw nigha1470

to fall at handa1535

to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538

instant1541

to prick fast upon1565

impend1674

simmer1703

depend1710

loom1827

to knock about1866

to come up1909

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > draw near

neighlecheeOE

i-nehleche971

to draw nearc1330

to nigh nighc1330

nighle1340

to-neighea1382

nigha1387

to draw nigh?a1400

nighena1400

to nigh neara1400

to draw ona1450

neara1522

to close about, on, round, upon1523

accost1571

anear1582

anigh1594

proach1600

appropinquate1623

to close in1704

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiv. l. 865 (MED) The Nyht drowgh On ful faste.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job xxxiii. 21 His soule draweth on to destruccion.

1583 R. P. tr. P. de la Sierra Second Pt. Myrror of Knighthood ii. vi. sig. Cc.vii Therewith drewe on the darke and tenebrous night.

1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. C3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Christmas now drew on.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough III. 303 The Season drawing on for opening the Campaign.

1861 Temple Bar June 401 Evening again drew on.

1873 Ladies' Repository June 415/2 Thus we drew on, and found our cheerful mood again, until the evening shadows fell upon us.

1910 E. M. Wedderburn in J. Murray & L. Pullar Bathymetrical Surv. Sc. Fresh-Water Lochs I. 104 As winter draws on the lake becomes thermally stratified.

2000 J. Simpson Mad World, my Masters (2001) i. 29 As the evening drew on the cats prowled close.

†2. intransitive. To be close to death, to be dying. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)] > be dying

to have one foot in the (also his, etc.) grave?1483

to draw on1484

to gasp up the ghost1577

gore1577

to turn one's face to the wall1579

to gasp one's last1603

groan1642

not to be long for this world1665

strugglea1674

to falter forth or out1814

to sprawl one's last1837

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xix. 38 Ther cam vpon her bed two lytel black dogges, And whan she drewe on and was in a traunce they were about her mouthe.

a1577 G. Gascoigne Hundred Flowers in Wks. (1587) 100 He lay (as some say) drawing on Untill his breath and all were past and gone.

1666 A. Brome tr. Horace Poems ii. 273 If a rich man have an onely Son Lies dangerously sick and drawing on, Be n't too officious to th'old man.

3. transitive. To pull on (a boot, glove, or other item of clothing).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on

to do oneOE

graitha1375

puta1382

to take on1389

to let falla1400

takea1400

to put on?a1425

endow1484

addressa1522

to get on1549

to draw on1565

don1567

to pull on1578

dight1590

sumpterc1595

to get into ——1600

on with1600

array1611

mount1785

to cast on1801

endoss1805

endue1814

ship1829

1565 J. Calfhill Aunswere Treat. Crosse f. 119^v When so euer we put on our apparell, and drawe on our shooes..we make the signe of the Crosse in our foreheades.

1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 259 By wrinching their foote in drawing on their hose.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 311. ¶5 He immediately drew on his Boots.

1791 Amer. Museum Apr. 228 She draws on her gown, but leaves it half pinned.

1847 A. M. Gilliam Trav. Mexico (new ed.) 135 He drew on his cloak.

1900 J. London Odyssey of North in Son of Wolf 207 Yet all too soon his fellow travelers drew on their mittens and parkas, and followed him.

1991 ‘W. Trevor’ Reading Turgenev ii, in Two Lives (1992) 10 Outside the cinema he belted his overcoat and drew on tan leather gloves; he didn't wear a hat.

4. transitive. To induce or influence (a person) to come to a place or join in a venture; to lead on, entice.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)]

leada1225

accoya1375

form1399

persuadec1450

persuadec1487

practise1524

temper1525

work1532

suade1548

perduce1563

to draw on1567

overdraw1603

possess1607

bring1611

sway1625

tickle1677

tamper1687

to touch up1796

to put the comether on someone1818

1567 G. Turberville tr. G. B. Spagnoli Eglogs iii. f. 25 Impacient furie drawes me on, it doth me good alone To range the hills.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. v. 29 Such Artificiall Sprights, As..Shall draw him on to his Confusion.

1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. iv. 12 If I resolved to goe, my resolution should draw on an other friend of mine.

1700 P. Motteux et al. tr. M. de Cervantes Hist. Don Quixote I. ii. iv. 107 Her courteousness and fair looks draw on every body to love her.

1816 J. W. Croker in L. J. Jennings Croker Papers (1884) I. iii. 97 If you suffer yourself to be drawn on by what you conceive to be the taste of the day.

1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 606 When he was drawing them on to speak of antiquity.

1991 N. Baker U & I (1992) v. 70 The desire to undo earlier lies of our own or of others was what drew us on to write further.

2003 Archit. Rev. Jan. 82/1 You are drawn on by the sound of water into a compact piazza dominated by an extravagant Baroque stage set.

†5. transitive. To cause (something) to follow as a consequence; to bring about. Cf. sense 36a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring about as a consequence or entail

makeOE

haveOE

drawa1400

to draw inc1405

to leave behind1424

goc1449

to draw on1572

train1579

carry1581

beara1616

to lead toa1770

evolve1816

entail1829

mean1841

issue1842

subinduce1855

1572 G. Fenton tr. E. Pasquier Monophylo i. f. 11 In vs shall be veryfied the olde saying, that one fable drawes on another, seeing that by howe much you aduaunce the authoritie of your matter, by so much doe you sommon me to maintaine the defence.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iii. iii. 75 Looke therefore Lewis, that by this League and Mariage Thou draw not on thy Danger, and Dis-honor.

a1627 J. Hayward Life & Raigne Edward Sixt (1630) 103 Under colour of war, which either his negligence draws on, or his practices procured.

a1691 R. Boyle Hist. Fluidity in Wks. (1772) I. 390 The examination..would draw on the consideration of the nice controversies that perplex philosophers.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 55 This Beginning drew on the General Battle.

†6. intransitive. Hunting. Of a hound: to track a quarry by following its scent; to move slowly towards the quarry. Cf. sense 52. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > approach after pointing

draw1567

to draw on1677

1677 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation (ed. 2) i. 17 When the Hounds touch the scent, and draw on till they rouze or put up the Chase, we say, they Draw on the Slot.

1840 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. Mar. 109 ‘Hold up, good dogs, and fetch!’ More words were needless; for on the instant they drew on, and Shot picked up his bird.

1892 Field 7 May 695/3 Musa pointed and drew on, but could not locate the birds.

1905 Shooting & Fishing 6 July 248/3 Five deer sprang up from their beds as the hounds drew on.

to draw out [compare outdraw v.]

a. transitive. To pull or take (something) out; to extract, remove.Quot. lOE could alternatively be interpreted as showing prefixed outdraw v.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > by force, effort, or contrivance

to draw outOE

outdrawlOE

drawc1300

win out1362

out-wina1425

windc1535

extract1628

exact1647

exforcipatea1834

to winkle out1942

OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 25 Apr. (2013) 86 Sume godwrece men..brudon rap on his sweoran ond hine drogan ut æfter þæm stanum on ðære eorðan.

lOE Laws: Gerefa (Corpus Cambr.) ix. 454 Me mæig in Maio & Iunio & Iulio on sumera fealgian, myxendincgan ut dragan, lochyrdla tilian.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2956 Heo unbunde þa locun, drowen ut þa baiȝes, þa palles & þa purpres.

c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 455 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 14 Þe Aumperour drouȝ out is swerd.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 19500 Oute he droȝ baþe wiue and man.

?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 608 It is nedefulle þat it be drawen oute [?a1425 N.Y. Acad. Med. drawen vp; L. extirpetur] wiþ yren or with medecynes.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xxi. 58 Than they tooke lond and drew out theyr horses.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 24 Then in rage and sudden rapture drew out his Knife.

1700 T. Brown Amusem. Serious & Comical ix. 97 Other knaves..take as much for Drawing out an Old Tooth, as would buy a Sett of New ones.

1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper xiii. 278 Kill your Pig, dress off the Hair, and draw out the Entrails.

1877 W. Black Green Pastures & Piccadilly I. xiii. 215 Then Jack drew his shooter out and shot Billy Bill through the head.

1898 Med. Summary 20 98/1 I..have seen it [sc. Boralide] draw out the pus from small and large abscesses.

1934 E. Podolsky Med. marches On v. xvi. 140 The iron lung forced air into his paralyzed chest and drew it out again.

2016 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 7 Apr. 54/3 He drew out his billfold and emptied it of money.

b. intransitive. To come out when pulled; to be pulled out.

ΚΠ

1673 N. Grew Let. 11 Dec. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1975) X. 394 They can by no means be conceiv'd, upon a divulsion of ye barque from ye wood, to draw out, but to break off short.

1849 A. Harris Guide Port Stephens 89 The fish-spear is jagged in such a manner that, being once driven in, it will not draw out, but brings the fish out with it.

1891 Longman's Mag. Nov. 69 The harpoon did not penetrate sufficiently..and therefore drew out.

1893 Field 4 Mar. 335/1 A drawer should be fitted..so as to draw out..and shut back..in a moment.

1903 Iron Age 12 Nov. 69/2 In pulling out the swivel turns straight up, in which position the pin draws out easily.

1993 Ideas for Great Kids' Rooms 76 Be sure the trundle draws out smoothly, and that your child can handle it alone.

a. transitive. To write or compose (something, esp. an official document); to draw up. Also: to delineate. Now somewhat rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)]

writeeOE

drawa1398

descrivec1400

describe1538

to draw forth1539

to set out1545

design1570

to draw out1576

detrain1587

lineate16..

linea1616

redraw1728

society > communication > writing > manner of writing > [verb (transitive)] > draw up document

writeOE

makec1300

drawc1390

to make upa1425

to make out1465

prepare1562

to draw up1623

scriven1742

to draw out1773

redact1837

a1400 Mirror (Hunterian 250) (2003) Prol. 3 And þerfor ich haue sette myn herte for to drawen out a litel tretice of diuinite.

1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 377 (note) It passeth my capacitie to drawe out his portrayture in sufficient livelynesse.

1613 R. Cocks Let. 30 Nov. in A. Farrington Eng. Factory in Japan (1991) I. 99 Mr Adams hath drawn out the plot of Japan.

1705 J. Blair in W. S. Perry Hist. Coll. Amer. Colonial Church: Virginia (1870) I. 151 A copy..which he promised as soon as it could be fair drawn out.

1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer ii. 27 Bring us the bill of fare... I believe it's drawn out.

1826 Examiner 190/2 Leases..were drawn out and founded on the basis of that monopoly.

1861 Temple Bar May 248 The [marriage] settlements were permitted to be drawn out.

1901 R. Kipling Kim vii. 163 Draw out thy horoscope and say Which planet mends thy threadbare fate or mars!

1968 Daily Democrat (Woodland, Calif.) 27 Mar. (Davis ed.) [He]..requested the city draw out an agreement that the union does, in fact, represent the public works department field employes.

2018 Times of India (Nexis) 8 Jan. He said his sons had forced him to draw out a will in their favour.

†b. transitive. With in, into: to render (a text) into another language or style of writing; to translate. Cf. sense 23. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)]

setc888

wendeOE

turnc1175

writec1275

drawa1325

translatea1375

expound1377

takea1382

interpret1382

transpose1390

remue?a1400

renderc1400

put?a1425

to draw outa1450

reducec1450

compile1483

redige?1517

make1529

traducea1533

traduct1534

converta1538

do1561

to set out1597

transcribe1639

throw1652

metaphrase1868

versionize1874

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail lii. l. 1064 (MED) He which In Romawnce this drow Owte [Fr. qui le translata en romant], he knew ful lytel Of Seynt Graal.

c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 325 (MED) A lytele schort tretyse..drawne owt in englische of þat deuowt contemplatyfe boke wrytene clergialye in latyne.

c1500 in F. J. Furnivall Gild of St. Mary, Lichfield (1920) 14 It ys a-Greyde that the Statutis..shalbe draue owt in-to Englyshe.

a. transitive. To pull out (something) to a greater length or size; to stretch, elongate; to flatten out (metal). Cf. sense 41.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen > by drawing out

drawa1398

to draw abroada1400

to draw out1484

wire-draw1598

rope1798

1484 Rolls of Parl.: Richard III (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1484 §26. m. 18 Clothes..ben sett uppon tayntours and drawen out in leyngh and brede.

1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. D7 They cause it [sc. cloth] to be tentered, racked, and so drawne out, as it shall be both broader, and longer than it was.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 505 The other sort of copper..yeeldeth to the hammer and will be drawne out, whereupon some call it Ductile.

1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 137 in Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. One may draw it out in Threads like hot Sealing-wax.

1708 Cowell's Law Dict. at Chafery At this Chafery they draw out the Anconies into finisht Bars.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xxxvii. 259 He drew out his face, glouting, to half the length of my arm.

1841 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2 ii. 222 The spores were lengthened, or drawn out into a short pedicel.

1883 Items of Interest Aug. 329 Put them together into the machine for drawing out wire, and watch the process. You would finally have a wire fifty miles long, no larger than the finest hair.

1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 587/2 The light from the star passing through the prism and being drawn out into a spectrum without the use of a slit.

1946 W. B. Honey Victoria & Albert Mus. Glass i. 8 Softened glass is readily drawn out into threads.

2007 C. Evans & G. Rydén Baltic Iron in Atlantic World Eighteenth Cent. ii. 139 Blister steel was routinely drawn out into slimmer bars.

b. transitive. To extend the duration of (something); to protract, prolong.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong

lengOE

drawOE

teec1200

forlengtha1300

lengtha1300

drivec1300

tarryc1320

proloynec1350

continuec1380

to draw alonga1382

longa1382

dretch1393

conservea1398

to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400

prorogue1419

prolongc1425

aroomc1440

prorogate?a1475

protend?a1475

dilate1489

forlong1496

relong1523

to draw out1542

sustentate1542

linger1543

defer1546

pertract1548

propagate1548

protract1548

linger1550

lengthen1555

train1556

detract?a1562

to make forth (long, longer)1565

stretch1568

extend1574

extenuate1583

dree1584

wire-draw1598

to spin out1603

trail1604

disabridge1605

produce1605

continuate1611

out-length1617

spin1629

to eke out1641

producta1670

prolongate1671

drawl1694

drag1697

perennate1698

string1867

perennialize1898

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > express copiously [verb (transitive)] > extend or prolong

to draw out1542

to drive out1572

wire-draw1598

overspina1643

to spin out1673

1542 T. Becon Newe Pathway vnto Praier vi. sig. D.iij^v Neyther maye he vse many wordes, nor draw out his prayer on a great length, but speake fewe wordes, yea & those symple, playne and homely.

1565 tr. Origen Homilie of Marye Magdalene sig. D.vi^v His Iournye muste be drawne out three daie longe.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. ii. 23 To peize the time, To ech it, and to draw it out in length.

1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 36 In notes, with many a winding bout Of lincked sweetnes long drawn out.

1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xlvii. 515 To draw out time, and weary them.

a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 30 I Prayed often, and drew out my Prayers to a great length.

1893 Temple Bar Sept. 68 Breakfast was drawn out to a most unusual length.

1991 Atlantic Mar. 90/1 With abandon..she draws out the laugh as long as possible, winding up with a chuckle.

2003 High Country News 20 Jan. 3/1 Imperial drew out the negotiation process to the last possible moment.

2009 Time Out Mallorca & Menorca 139/2 Sitting down at one of the cafés in the Plaça Major and drawing out lunch..for hours at a time.

c. intransitive. Of a succession of days or evenings in spring or summer: to become longer. Cf. to draw in 6b at Phrasal verbs 1.

ΚΠ

1874 Fraser's Mag. Aug. 142/1 In the spring, as the evenings draw out, there is almost always something to be done even after the labourers have left.

1892 R. Irwin Hist. Nineteenth Army Corps xviii. 207 As the summer days drew out and the heat grew more intense, the brooks dried up.

1944 A. Thirkell Headmistress (1947) viii. 162 Mrs. Hunter..greeted Mrs. Belton with affability and said how nice it was to feel the days drawing out.

2010 Where to Go When Great Brit. & Ireland 45 As the evenings draw out, even the arts events spill outside.

4. Military.

a. intransitive. Of troops: to move out of camp or quarters.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > manoeuvre > [verb (intransitive)] > move or march > out of camp or quarters

to draw out1525

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xxxiii. f. xxxix^v/1 Paraduenture by that tyme your enemyes wyll assemble togyder and drawe out in to the felde whan ye take leest hede therto.

a1625 J. Fletcher Bonduca i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Gggg2/1 To morrow we'll draw out, and view the Cohorts.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 10 Three score of us then drew out.

1709 Tatler No. 42. ⁋14 Draw out Company by Company, and Troop by Troop.

1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough II. 177 Some sixty or seventy Irish Dragoons ‘drew out’..and took up a threatening position.

2015 H. J. Redman Frederick the Great & Seven Years' War ii. vi. 50/2 The army was ordered to draw out from their tents into lines preparing for battle.

†b. transitive To lead out (one's troops) in preparation for battle or some purpose; to detach (troops) from the main force for a particular purpose; to draw up (troops) in formation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > detach for special purpose

to draw out1587

detach1684

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops)

raya1387

impale1553

to draw out1587

body1603

to draw up1608

re-form1753

form1816

1587 J. Polemon 2nd Pt. Bk. Battailes sig. D Vsing the counsaile of Biron, he drew out 200. horses of his troupes, making a good number of Harquebuziers to march on his right side.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 88 Next morning drawing out his men [he] assayles him.

1684 True Copy Jrnl. Tryal Charles I 8 Serjeant Dendy about twelve of the clock of the same day, accompanied with ten Trumpets and Two Troops of Horse, drawn out for that purpose in Paul's Church-Yard, himself mounted, bearing his Mace.

1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi ii. App. 50/1 Four Companies of these were drawn out as Forlorns.

1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 85 The King ordered the Regiment to be drawn out.

1809 W. Godwin Hist. Rome 79 Brennus drew out a select party, and ordered them to scale the hill on that side at midnight.

1866 T. Carlyle Inaug. Addr. Edinb. 177 Thirty-thousand armed men, drawn out for that occasion.

1902 G. S. Whitmore Last Maori War iii. 36 I resolved to draw out the whole of the troops and the Wanganui natives, as a reconnaissance in force, to prove to the enemy that the tents were not unoccupied.

1917 Janesville (Wisconsin) Daily Gaz. 7 Sept. 1/7 The troops were drawn out in regimental squares, and the formation seemed formidable.

5. transitive. To call (something) forth; to elicit; to make a person divulge (something). Frequently with from, out of. Cf. sense 79a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth

movea1398

drawa1400

provoke?a1425

askc1450

to draw out1525

to stir up1526

allure?1532

suscitate1532

to call out1539

to draw fortha1569

draw1581

attract1593

raise1598

force1602

fetch1622

milka1628

invite1650

summon1679

elicit1822

to work up?1833

educe1840

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. clxiv. f clxiii^v/2 He was a man by reason of his fayre langage, to drawe out by one meanes or other the secretes of ons herte.

1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie iv. xiii. 204 To drawe out from vs an accusation of forraine Churches.

1615 P. Simson Short Compend Hist. First Ten Persecutions II. iv. iii. 58 Flaviaenus B. of Antiochia, who with great dexteritie drew out a Confession out of the mouth of Adelphius, an aged man.

1683 W. Cave Ecclesiastici v. 87 Not one word would have been spoken against Athanasius, had it not been..drawn out by the Flattery and Insinuation of the Arians.

1729 N. Lardner Vindic. Three of Saviour's Miracles iii. 105 Nothing can draw out from him any word, that has the appearance of boast or vanity.

1777 F. Burney Let. 27 Mar. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 224 Useful in drawing out the Wit & pleasantry of others.

1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) II. 215 The bench interrogating the prisoner, and drawing out indiscreet avowals.

1857 Daily Courier (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 14 May 2/1 A Buffalo Jew, pretending to be deaf and dumb, got a railroad pass at Syracuse, for Buffalo, through the sympathy that he drew out from the Superintendent.

1990 C. Williamson in Weird Tales Fall 65/2 Her voice, as she tried to draw out his secrets over dinner, was cawing, strident.

2000 P. Thompson Voice of Past (ed. 3) iv. 157 Detailed questions can draw out the particular facts and accounts of everyday life which the social historian may be seeking.

†6. transitive. To utter (something) slowly or with effort. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > drawl

to draw outc1540

drawl1643

train1647

trail1891

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 78^v Diamed full depely drough out a laughter.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. i. sig. A Hearing him drawe out his wordes so softly and so weakely.

1676 tr. St. Bernard in J. Tillotson Rule of Faith iii. iv. 225 The Priests, almost universally, have much ado to read, though but in an haesitating and spelling fashion, drawing out one syllable after another, without understanding either the sense of what they read, or the words.

a. transitive. To persuade or entice (a person or animal) to come out into the open or leave a place of safety or comfort; to lure (a person or animal) out.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > snare, trap, entanglement > entrap, ensnare [verb (transitive)] > into a place, action, etc.

betrayc1250

weyec1315

deceivea1375

to draw out1579

fond1628

drill1662

seduce1673

surprise1696

to rope into1859

forset1872

steer1889

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 203 He vnderstoode they were counterfeate letters, made by Hannibals fine deuise to haue drawen him out..for whom him selfe laye..in ambushe.

1690 tr. G. Buchanan Hist. Scotl. ix. 316 They marched to New-Castle, and threatning to besiege it, they endeavoured by Contumelies and Big Words, to draw out the Enemy.

1763 H. S. J. Giral del Pino Dict. Spanish & Eng. I. at Hiena A beast supposed to be like a wolf, with a mane like a horse, which in the night counterfeits a human voice near shepherds cottages, to draw them out and devour them.

1814 Let. 7 Aug. in Niles' Weekly Reg. 27 Aug. 436/2 I..endeavoured to draw him out to see him and try his strength—for this purpose I sent the rifle corps through the intervening woods.

1964 Western Kansas Press (Great Bend, Kansas) 21 Aug. 2/8 A chipmunk..set up housekeeping under the seat of their car... Attempts to draw the animal out with crackers..have failed to dislodge him.

2016 Hindu (Nexis) 29 Jan. All I wanted to do was hit the comfortable bed at Rose Inn... But the..strains of bagpipes in the distance and the lure of watching a stunning sunset drew me out.

b. transitive. Sport. To force (an opponent) out of position or into making an unwise move by tactical play.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [verb (transitive)] > other actions or types of play

outshoot1545

football1599

pitch1717

make1819

to warm up1868

to draw out1893

bench1898

foot1900

cover1907

cannonball1911

telegraph1913

unsight1923

snap1951

to sit out1955

pike1956

to sit down1956

wrong-foot1960

blindside1968

sit1977

1893 M. Donovan Sci. Boxing 24 Feinting is..important..in..boxing. Its object is to deceive your opponent as to your intentions, and draw him out to ascertain his mode of attack and defence.

1973 Daily Pennsylvanian 9 Oct. 6 We knew they were using a sweeper, so we had to run to the corners to draw him out.

2017 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 29 June He's a yard ahead of the defender as he tries to draw the keeper out and slot it across him towards the far corner.

8. transitive. To withdraw (money) from a bank or other institution.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [verb (transitive)] > withdraw (money)

to call out1682

to draw out1745

withdraw1776

1745 Gen. Advertiser 30 Sept. A certain noted Gentleman hath distinguished himself by drawing out the Sum of 5000 l. which he had in the Bank, carrying the Money to a Banker, changing it for Bank Notes, drawing out his Cash again, and so continuing the same Round till he was discovered.

1796 R. Bage Hermsprong III. iv. 40 By a clause in the annuity agreement, he agreed to forfeit one half of it, if ever he drew out the last of the 15000l. deposited for his gaming fund.

1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxxii, in Temple Bar Dec. 20 Paying in money, and drawing money out, at his employer's bank.

1908 Westm. Gaz. 29 Dec. 3/1 Banking credit..which I can draw out wholly in gold or bank-notes, or which I can cheque out in settlement of my debts.

1959 I. Gershwin Lyrics on Several Occasions 313 I..drew out the $160 I had in a savings bank.

2001 J. Murphy Kings of Kilburn High Road i, in Two Plays 17 Scrimp an' save till I've about a grand in the bank. I puts me good suit on, draws the grand out an' next thing yeh know I'm Lord Muck.

9. transitive. colloquial. To elicit information from (a person); to induce (a person) to talk without restraint or reserve. Cf. sense 83.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > indirectly or cautiously

feel1425

undermine1574

sound1575

undercrop1596

to draw out1778

1778 F. Burney Let. 21 Aug. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1994) III. 83 She did not..use any means to draw me out.

1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iv. vi. 188 But shy, quite too shy; no drawing her out.

1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XV lxxxii. 46 He had the art of drawing people out, Without their seeing what he was about.

1890 A. Gissing Village Hampden III. 295 Joice steadily resisted all efforts to draw her out.

1977 L. R. Banks Path to Silent Country (1988) i. iii. 51 Several people made efforts to draw her out, but the relentless literalness of her replies to witticisms soon damped the conversational energies of all but the most determined.

1992 InterCity Mag. Feb. 21/3 Dining with Japanese business people, allowing himself to relax and be drawn out, letting his wit and humour flow.

2002 J. Kellerman Murder Bk. 127 The leader tried to draw her out, but Caroline never talked, would just stare at the floor and pretend not to hear.

10. intransitive. Chiefly Horse Racing. To get gradually further ahead of an opponent in a race.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > race [verb (intransitive)] > gain ground

draw1823

to draw out1838

to draw up1843

1838 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. Nov. 497 Ratler, however, lapped him at the half mile post, but Dutchman soon after drew out in front again.

1892 Standard 10 Aug. 7/5 The favourite drew out and won by two lengths.

1902 Manch. Courier 17 Mar. 7/7 Oxford drew out and led at Hammersmith in 9min. 56 sec.

2000 Ledger Disp. (Calif.) (Nexis) 13 Sept. (Sports section) 8 He battled wheel-to-wheel and, instead of fading from the lack of activity, once into the lead, he drew out to take the checkered flag.

2018 Ruidoso (New Mexico) News (Nexis) 3 Aug. a9 In the stretch, Fast Gator exerted herself and easily drew out to the four-length victory.

11. transitive. To pick out and draw attention to (something); to highlight, tease out.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] > strikingly

to set out1577

illustrate1603

to stick off1613

signalize1624

to draw out1855

spotlight1907

highlight1922

limelight1927

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (transitive)] > attach importance to > render outstanding

aggravate1549

accent1595

to lay weight upon1600

emphase1631

circumflect1643

to lay (also place, put) stress on (also upon)1653

to set home1656

forestall1657

circumflex1661

signalize1698

to lay stress, weight, emphasis on or upon1748

emphasize1793

accentuate1817

stress1845

to rub in1851

to draw out1855

underline1880

punctuate1883

peak1887

underscore1891

to point up1926

1855 Christian Examiner July 88 Many sentences from this version..would also be admitted by the best skilled interpreters of Scripture to relieve an obscurity, to draw out the significance,..in one or another passage.

1861 Christian Reformer Dec. 740 Here and there..we may find some name which is or ought to be familiar to us, and you will allow me to draw them out from these long catalogues of the forgotten.

1989 Sunday Times (Nexis) 19 Mar. Further analysis..draws out the implications of the coming economic squeeze for different sectors of the economy.

2002 Time Out N.Y. 25 Apr. 62/2 This collection of original costumes and other Jedi-type artifacts are placed among pieces of fine art to draw out the similarities.

† to draw over

1. transitive. To pass over (something) with something that covers or acts on it; (in passive) to be overlaid with. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for > bespread or cover with

wryc950

bredeOE

bridgeOE

bespreadc1275

couchc1330

spreadc1330

cover1382

overspreadc1385

overlaya1400

overcast1440

to draw overc1450

ramplish1494

to lay over1535

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 4207 Draȝen ouer with hidis.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. iij Their horses Trapped, in burned Siluer, drawen ouer with Cordes of Grene Silke and Gold.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Pool You may make a Cistern or Pool to hold Water by daubing of it with Clay and Mortar, and after draw it over with Mortar.

1797 W. Macro in A. Young Agric. Suffolk 46 Drawing the land over with a heavy harrow when only one cast, or half the seed is sown.

2. transitive. To cause (a liquid) to pass over into a still; to obtain by distillation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to distillation

distil1398

stilla1400

rectify?a1425

circulate1471

redistil1600

elixirate1605

to still forth1605

to still awaya1631

cohobate1651

to draw over1654

elixira1658

1654 tr. G. Fedro von Rodach Physicall & Chymicall Wks. 51 Distill it, the first must be gentle, then increase it by degrees, let all the liquor be drawn over.

1676 R. Boyle Exper. & Considerations Colours in Wks. (1772) I. 712 I..mixed with it essential oil of wormwood, drawn over with water in a limbeck.

1743 A. Macbean tr. G. Rothe Synopsis Chem. ii. iv. 126 You may always employ the ardent Spirit of the Plant itself, or at least draw over or rectify common Spirit of Wine therefrom.

1884 Notes & Queries 23 Aug. 159/1 The Moslem physician Rhazes drew over a red oil by distillation called oleum benedictum philosophorum.

3. intransitive. Scottish. To last, endure. Obsolete.Possibly a mistake by the editor of the 1728 edition of this work.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (intransitive)] > endure, remain, persist, or continue

bidec893

lastOE

through-wonOE

ylasta1000

standOE

runOE

lastlOE

beleavec1200

abidec1275

cleavec1275

durec1275

dwell13..

endurec1386

perseverec1390

continuec1400

contunec1400

tarrya1450

remainc1455

perdure?a1475

rest1474

permanec1485

succeed1486

perpetuate1530

persist1531

demur1547

perduratea1558

weara1568

to hold it out1585

to hold out1585

abye1590

contain1592

live1592

perennate1623

to draw overa1700

exist1754

linger1764

to hang it out1939

a1700 R. Lindsay Hist. Scotl. (Edinb. Dc.1.66) (modernized text) (1728) 132 This Cumber drew over [a1600 Edinb. Laing I. 218 draiff ower], till the King was twelve Years of Age.

a1700 R. Lindsay Hist. Scotl. (Edinb. Dc.1.66) (modernized text) (1728) 107 This drew over [a1600 Edinb. Laing I. 218 draif ower] for a Space.

4. transitive. To induce (a person) to come over to one's own side or point of view. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over

procurec1325

to gain over1582

bribe1592

overwork1593

overwin1600

smooth1608

overpersuade1639

spirit1656

over-entreata1661

engage1699

to bring over1724

to draw over1734

conciliate1796

to carry over1855

1734 W. Whiston tr. Eusebius in Six Diss. i. 15 How otherwise could he draw over so many of the Jews?

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 153 To draw over some of the German Princes to His Interest.

1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. viii. 524 His object in these accommodations was to draw over the more moderate catholics.

1870 Eclectic Mag. Sept. 158/1 The chiefs of our party tried to draw him over to us; but, as he would not come, we had to get up a quarrel in the street.

to draw together

a. transitive. To bring together (esp. people) from scattered places or sources; to gather together; to cause to gather.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)]

somnec825

heapc900

gathera975

samc1000

to set togetherc1275

fang1340

assemblec1374

recueilc1380

drawa1393

to draw togethera1398

semblea1400

congatherc1400

congregatec1400

to take together1490

recollect1513

to gather togetherc1515

to get together1523

congesta1552

confer1552

collect1573

ingatherc1575

ramass1586

upgather1590

to muster upa1593

accrue1594

musterc1595

compone1613

herd1615

contract1620

recoil1632

comporta1641

rally1643

rendezvous1670

purse1809

adduct1824

to round up1873

reeve1876

to pull together1925

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. xl. 1303 Some stynkynge þinges beþ ydoon in medicyne, as..asa fetida... Þey draweþ togidres roted humours..and putteþ hem oute of þe body.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. l. 173 (MED) Denes and suddenes, drawe ȝow togideres, Erchdekenes and officiales and alle ȝowre Regystreres.

?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. pr. iii. l. 222 If þei..assaile vs as strengere, oure leder draweþ to gedir hys rycchesse in to hys toure.

?1492 tr. Raymond of Capua Lyf St. Katherin of Senis (de Worde) ii. xii. sig. mv/1 On the morowe thyse in fantes drewe theym togyder in a companye and wolde suffer none corrupte child come amonges theym.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. lxxxiiii. f. xliii^v/2 Than he drewe togyder all his company and withdrue backe towarde his shyppes in great hast.

1694 I. Newton Let. 25 May in Corr. (1961) III. 362 A Fair draws together a greater Number of Chapmen than little markets doe.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 63 An Army of about 1600 Men was drawn together.

1859 Harper's Mag. May 767/1 Her outcries drew together a crowd of idlers and lookers-on.

1969 G. St George Siberia xiii. 226 The amalgamating spirit of Russia, which draws together people of various races, colors, and creeds.

1985 J. N. Isbister Freud v. 204 Freud drew all of his thoughts on civilization together in 1930.

2014 Guardian 25 July (G2 section) 6/3 Afrofuturism draws together elements of astral jazz, African American sci-fi and psychedelic hip-hop into an all-encompassing philosophy.

2015 Australian (Nexis) 26 Feb. 29 It has drawn together a group of wealthy investors to buy a Sydney office tower.

b. intransitive. Of people or animals: to come together, to gather.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals

gathera975

ensemblea1300

drawc1300

semble1389

herd1393

assemblea1400

routa1400

sanka1400

trume?a1400

musterc1425

convene1429

resemblea1450

to draw together1455

forgather1513

accompany1534

troop1565

congregate1570

to get together1575

parliament?1589

accoil1590

join1706

to roll up1817

congressa1850

to round up1879

1455–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. July 1455 §12. m. 24 The lordes of this lande..mowe drawe directly togidres in oon union and accorde, in that that may be sowne to the honour, prosperite and welfare of the kyng.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xviii. f. lviii/1 They drewe togyder & mounted on their horses, and yssued out he that myght firste.

?1569 T. Norton Warnyng agaynst Papistes sig. Oiv Let vs draw louingly together, and then say and sing merily, God spede the ploughe of England.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 116 Our men immediately..drew together in a body.

1893 National Observer 5 Aug. 304/1 They drew closer together.

1915 V. Woolf Voy. Out xvii. 274 Various people tended to draw together in the hall.

1982 Washington Post 22 Apr. c8/1 As the cocktail crowd swirled under the vast vaulted splendor of the library's Great Hall, unlikely bibliophiles drew together.

2007 Callaloo 30 887 The birds drew together like scheming old women at the market.

2. intransitive. To come together, so as to occupy a smaller area; to shrink, contract.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > become reduced in size or extent [verb (intransitive)] > contract or shrink

shrimc1000

shrinkc1275

to draw togethera1398

gather1577

coact1578

to fall together1583

draw1615

contract1648

to run up1838

to take up1860

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. i. 1092 Þilke beþ crepynge bestes and wormes þat passeþ fro place to place by strecchynge of body and drawynge eft togyderes.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 527 His skynne draweth togyther lyke burned lether.

1893 Temple Bar Jan. 157 Her dark brows draw together over her black eyes.

2007 W. Barlowe God's Demon xv. 130 A blue effulgence grew between the floating horns above his head. It drew together, growing brighter, and became a quickly rotating ball.

3. transitive (reflexive). To recover control of oneself or one's emotions; to gather one's faculties or resources; to collect oneself. Cf. to pull together 2b at pull v. Phrasal verbs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)] > collect one's energies

to gather oneself (together)1470

to draw together1856

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > restore oneself [verb (reflexive)]

reintegrate1591

recovera1715

to draw together1856

1856 E. P. De Lesdernier Berenice ix. 88 Startled into life by this new danger just escaped, I once more drew myself together for a renewal of my journey.

1885 G. Allen Babylon I. i. 1 Mrs. Winthrop drew herself together from the peas she was languidly shelling.

1908 Smart Set May 117/1 At the house she aroused herself and stepped numbly from the rig; then paused at the door, drawing herself together for the meeting with Aunt Maria.

2000 H. Habila in Timbuktu, Timbuktu (2002) 20 He had been speaking in a rush; now he drew himself together and, as though to reassert his authority, began to pace the room, speaking in a subdued, measured tone.

to draw up

a. transitive. To pull or drag (something) up; to raise (something).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > lift or take up

aheaveeOE

to reach upOE

to draw upOE

bearc1225

upnimc1290

to take upc1330

upholda1400

lutchc1400

hovec1480

upweigha1593

lift1596

poise1689

to up with1825

OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Tiber. B.i) anno 1040 He let dragan up þæne deadan Harald & hine on fen sceotan.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 159 Alswa se þe sunne drach up þene deu and makeð þer of kume reines.

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 975 A cabel..Forto drawen vp al þing Þat nede was to her libbeing.

a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 55 Anon the sayl up thay drowgh.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xxvij & by force of engynes drewe it vp.

1581 True Rep. Late Murther by William Sherwood sig. A.vii The hangman was enforced to vndoo the Halter which he had fastened to the Iibbet, and to put it about his neck belowe, and so by little and little to draw him vp.

1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 161 in Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. They..draw it up also with Pulleys into the Ship.

1706 P. A. Motteux in J. Vanbrugh Mistake Epil. With Glass drawn up, Drive about Covent-Garden.

1833 R. Southey Lives Brit. Admirals I. vi. 381 When the tide came they disanchored, and drew up sail.

1869 W. Longman Hist. Edward III I. xiv. 261 The gate was shut, the bridge was drawn up.

1885 ‘L. Carroll’ Tangled Tale ii. 9 She drew up the blind, and indicated the back garden.

1918 W. Cather My Ántonia (1988) i. i. 7 A long scar ran across one cheek and drew the corner of his mouth up in a sinister curl.

2004 Amer. Poetry Rev. 33 40/1 The diver descends naked, until exhausted, drawing up the sink-stone, then the oysters.

b. intransitive. To be pulled up; to rise.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > rise or go up [verb (intransitive)]

styc825

astyc950

ariseOE

upstyOE

to step upOE

upcomec1000

to come upOE

to go upOE

upwendc1200

runge?c1225

amountc1275

upgoa1325

heavec1325

uparise1340

ascend1382

higha1393

lifta1400

risea1400

skilla1400

uprisea1400

raisec1400

rearc1400

surmount1430

to get upc1450

transcenda1513

springa1525

upmounta1560

assurge?1567

hove1590

surgea1591

tower1618

hoist1647

upheave1649

to draw up1672

spire1680

insurrect1694

soar1697

upsoar1726

uprear1828

higher1889

1672 E. Ravenscroft Citizen turn'd Gentleman i. i. sig. B (stage direct.) The Curtain draws up and discovers the Musick Master siting at a Table.

1770 G. Colman Man & Wife Prelude 5 The curtain is just going to draw up.

1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous iii. 57 Dan..twitched once or twice on the roding, and..the anchor drew up at once.

1958 P. E. Bentley Crescendo ii. 62 The lift drew up; Arnold pushed back the gates and strode ahead.

2006 Medicine Hat (Alberta) News 8 June a3/2 The curtains drew up in the first scene revealing Lucy as played by principal dancer Tara Birtwhistle.

2. transitive. Cookery. To combine (an ingredient) with another to form a paste or liquid; to bring (a sauce, filling, etc.) to the proper consistency. Cf. sense 27b. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

ally1381

allaya1425

drawa1425

to draw upa1425

fold1915

blend1936

a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 86 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 117 Take almaundes..and bray hem in a morter with heppes; Drawe it vp with gode red wyne.

?c1425 Recipe in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Arun. 334) (1790) 425 Breke hom in a morter, and drawe hom up wythe gode brothe.

a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 20 Draw hem vppe wyth þe [almond] Mylke þorw a straynoure.

1661 W. Rabisha Whole Body Cookery vii. 50 Beat up two or three yolks of eggs in a little of the said Broth, and draw it up thick, with a ladleful of drawn butter amongst it.

1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. sig. S3^v Draw up that half of your Sauce that you reserv'd, with a little Butter to the thickness of Cream.

1730 C. Carter Compl. Pract. Cook 35 Put in your Sagoe..well boil'd, and Season it with Sugar, and draw it up with Eggs.

1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. (1991) iv. 146 Elizabethan ‘tartstuff’, a thick pulp of boiled fruit, was often drawn up with eggs in the manner of the earlier ‘chardewardon’.

3. transitive. To mend (a hole or tear in a garment) by drawing the edges together with thread or yarn. Cf. sense 15. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > mend fabric or clothing

to make againc1384

stop1480

draw1592

darnc1600

to draw up1603

fine-draw1665

plain-darn1880

draw1592

darnc1600

to draw up1603

ranter1607

fine-draw1665

clobber1851

plain-darn1880

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 967 We our selves have beene apprentises and scholars to them in the principall things of this life; namely, to the spider, for spinning, weaving, derning, and drawing up a rent.

1673 M. Stevenson Norfolk Drollery 71 Nor dost thou patch, but botch; why dost not send And draw the hole up with a Cobler's End?

1714 D. Turner De Morbis Cutaneis 268 The Puckering Work of a silly Child drawing up some Hole or Rent, which by some Accident hath been made therein.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. x. 41 That he could draw up an argument in his sermon,—or a hole in his breeches.

1840 M. P. Rouch Recoll. of Childhood 20 For the skein of silk purchased in such haste, it was probably I thought, to sew a button on the coat, or draw up a hole in the stocking of the unfortunate master of the house.

1931 Evening Tribune (Marysville, Ohio) 23 Dec. 4/5 Anyone can draw up a hole in the elbow of a sweater or seam up a snag in a wool skirt, but a good darn or patch is a work of art.

a. transitive. To arrange (troops) in formation.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops)

raya1387

impale1553

to draw out1587

body1603

to draw up1608

re-form1753

form1816

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxii. 55 The enemies in vew, draw vp your powers.

a1671 T. Fairfax Short Mem. (1699) 84 Here we drew up our army.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall i The legion was usually drawn up eight deep.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 243 The ranks were drawn up under arms.

1941 Life 27 Oct. 69 Before the high-gabled Flemish town of Courtrai a mighty French cavalry army, led by Count Robert of Artois, was drawn up in battle array.

1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army xx. 237 The whole regiment drawn up in review order.

b. intransitive. Of troops: to take up position, to adopt a formation.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (intransitive)] > take up position

liec1275

stalla1425

sleeve1598

to draw up1642

to take post1659

concentrate1813

1642 New Declar. Last Affairs Ireland 11 Some of the Troops were forced to goe about, and then drew up again in the same order, on the otherside of the Hedge.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 292 The whole Portuguese Cavalry being landed, drew up in two squadrons.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 231 They did, indeed, draw up in Order of Battle.

1809 A. N. Matthews tr. Mishcàt-ul-Maśábìh I. iv. xlvii. 311 We drew up in two ranks in his rear; and the enemy were between us and the Kiblah.

1992 P. O'Brian Clarissa Oakes (1997) ix. 243 They draw up in lines, throw spears and slingstones and then go for one another with clubs and the like.

a. intransitive. To approach, come close to; (with with) to come alongside or abreast of.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 10b.

ΚΠ

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xv. 207 Let's draw vp to our fleete, and we..Stand firme, and trie, if these that raise, so high their charging darts, May be resisted.

1642 N. Bernard Whole Proc. Siege Drogheda 62 [He] drew up to them, who no sooner felt the smart of our shot..but they instantly broke.

1770 Gentleman's Mag. May 197/1 The French captain was peremptory, and the lieutenant drew up alongside of his vessel, and fired a shot into her.

1795 Ld. Nelson Let. 13 Mar. in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) II. 13 As we drew up with the Enemy.

1889 J. K. Jerome Three Men in Boat 8 We drew up to the table.

1925 N. Mitchison Cloud Cuckoo Land (1928) 187 About midday they sighted a sail to the north, a small trader that drew up with them slowly, and at last hailed.

1998 H. Mantel Giant O'Brien i. 10 The youths bowed when they drew up to them. ‘Welcome, Mesters. These days, even the beggars give us the go-by.’

b. intransitive. To advance or regain one's position in a race or other contest; to catch up; to recover.See also to draw up level at Phrases 13.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > race [verb (intransitive)] > gain ground

draw1823

to draw out1838

to draw up1843

1843 Caledonian Mercury 6 Mar. They went in a somewhat lengthened team over the ploughed land to the Canal, where the tail drew up, and as they entered the course.., the body of horses together was a strange one.

1864 Newcastle Courant 12 Aug. 6/7 Just as they reached the Point the Thames crew drew up, and in crossing the river collared the Tyne.

1921 Durham Univ. Jrnl. Apr. 265 Armstrong then settled down and gradually drew up and a spurt reduced the lead to ½ length.

1998 Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, Illinois) 1 May ii. 9 He had every right to cave in over the final sixteenth when one horse drew up on the outside and another came charging up inside of him.

6. transitive. To write or compose (something, esp. an official document); to compile, to put together.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > manner of writing > [verb (transitive)] > draw up document

writeOE

makec1300

drawc1390

to make upa1425

to make out1465

prepare1562

to draw up1623

scriven1742

to draw out1773

redact1837

1623 T. Powell Attourneys Acad. 94 The Plaintiffes Attourney..must draw vp his Declaration against the defendant, for which purpose the sayd Clerke must haue the Bond.

1693 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 423 The Committee having drawen up their Answer to the remonstrance, doe sign it.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 60. ¶7 A List of Words..drawn up by another Hand.

1787 R. Price Let. 23 Sept. in Corr. (1994) III. 143 After drawing up a plan and an account of the subjects on which I chose to assist the studies of my pupils, my spirits revolted.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. x. 440 The report was drawn up by men who had the means of knowing the truth.

1873 A. Borbstædt & F. Dwyer Franco-German War ix. 195 The executive commission..drew up a general plan for the transport of the whole army.

1935 P. G. Wodehouse Luck of Bodkins xv. 170 The first thing she would do, if she was a sensible kid, would be to go to her lawyer and have a contract drawn up and signed.

1960 Times 8 Mar. 10/6 The language to be used in debates, in drawing up official documents and texts of laws and decrees will be French.

1993 Time Out 31 Mar. 31/1 Based on your suggestions, we've drawn up shortlists of six restaurants, and now we're whittling these down to one.

2010 Daily Tel. 20 Aug. 3/4 The European Commission is drawing up guidelines on the permitted ingredients of the West Country staple.

7. transitive. To move (a seat) close to or alongside someone or something, often so as to be able to engage in conversation, or join in a meal or other social activity. Frequently in friendly invitations or requests to sit with someone. Cf. to pull up 6 at pull v. Phrasal verbs.

ΚΠ

1692 W. Temple Mem. Christendom ii. 286 He drew up his Chair closer to me, and began a Discourse.

1787 R. Michell Fugitive Pieces II. xlix.175 He desir'd I would fall to at once... Accordingly we drew up our chairs, and proceeded to action immediately.

1847 S. Carolina Temperance Advocate 24 June 2/6 She draws a seat up by my side, and we smoke and talk together to our hearts' content.

1895 S. R. Crockett Men of Moss-hags xxiii. 150 They drew up their stools aboot the hearth, got oot their Bibles an' warmed their taes.

1931 T. Wilder Love & how to cure It in Long Christmas Dinner 93 Do draw up your chair, Mr. Warburton, and have a bite for good feeling's sake.

1955 Bulletin (Sydney) 4 May 34/5 ‘Draw up a pew,’ he commanded. We sat down delicately on two packing-cases.

2004 M. Melton Forget me Not 15 ‘Mind if I draw up a chair?’ he asked. Gabe's heart sank.

8. intransitive. Scottish. To begin to associate or keep company with a person; to enter into relations with. Also of two people: to become friendly, to enter into relations. Sc. National Dict. (at Draw) records this sense as still in use in Angus in 1949 and Fife in 1940.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > become friendly

agree1447

fadge1592

to hit it1634

cotton1648

to draw up1723

to hit it off1780

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > accompany or be companions [verb (intransitive)]

accompany?1490

assist1553

to walk (also travel) in the way with1611

to go partners1716

to draw up1723

to shake together1861

to pal up (also around, out, etc.)1889

1723 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. I. 164 Gin ye forsake me, Mairon, I'll e'en gae draw up wi' Jean.

1756 Mrs. Calderwood's Journey in Coltness Coll. (1842) 270 During this time the prioress and he draws up..and one morning they both walk off.

1822 J. Galt Sir Andrew Wylie III. xviii. 152 When I had naething I was fain to draw up wi' you.

1892 Sat. Rev. 9 July 32/2 There was news from Morocco that their Minister had ‘drawn up’ with the Sultan's dreaded rival.

9. transitive (reflexive). To sit or stand up straight, esp. to convey authority, pride, or defiance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > upright or erect posture > assume upright or erect position [verb (reflexive)]

stretchc1325

to pull upa1393

sustainc1405

address1483

to draw up1751

1751 J. Hill Adventures Mr. George Edwards iv. xii. 244 She drew herself up to two Inches more than her ordinary Height, as she receiv'd him.

1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering III. vii. 135 Drawing herself up so as not to lose one hair-breadth of her uncommon height.

1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. June 342/2 The Doctor..drew himself up in offended dignity.

1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood III. ii. 74 Miss Oldcastle drew herself up with more expression of pride than I had yet seen in her.

1928 N. F. Spielvogel Affair at Eureka 15 Lalor drew himself up to his full height of 6 ft. 6 in.

2012 Independent 21 June 25/4 So she draws herself up and says: ‘Enough!’

10.

a. transitive. To cause (a horse, or horse-drawn vehicle) to stop by drawing on the reins; to bring (a vehicle) to a halt. Cf. to pull up 3a at pull v. Phrasal verbs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > bring to a standstill

astintc700

stinta1330

arrestc1374

stopc1440

stowc1440

stote1489

to pull up1623

to draw up1765

halt1805

to bring to a standstill1809

snub1841

paralyse1933

1765 A. Lockhart Memorial Sir R. Pollok & Others 9 There are no less than three projections on the east side of this bridge, in each of which there is room to draw up a carriage in case there is any hazard of its meeting with another when crossing the bridge.

1828 Examiner 31 Aug. 562/1 We cannot comprehend how without blame a coachman can drive on the wrong side of the road against a gig drawn up on its right side, upset the carriage, and kill the driver.

1849 E. E. Napier Excursions Southern Afr. II. 26 The waggons had been drawn up so as to form a sort of hollow square.

1892 Cornhill Mag. July 22 She drew the horse up short.

1923 Linton (Indiana) Daily Citizen 30 Aug. 8/2 Bruce drew up his car and looked down the grassy incline below.

2015 L. Williams Her Convenient Cowboy 234 He drew up his horse in front of hers, forcing her to rein in.

b. intransitive. Of a horse or vehicle: to slow down and stop, come to a standstill, to pull up. Also of a rider or driver: to bring a horse or vehicle to a halt. to draw up to: to come to a stop adjacent to.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 5a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop

abideOE

atstandc1000

steveneta1225

atstuntc1230

to make, take, etc., stallc1275

stema1300

astandc1314

withstanda1325

stintc1374

arrestc1400

stotec1400

stayc1440

steadc1475

stop short1530

disadvance1610

come1611

consist1611

check1635

halt1656

to bring to1697

to draw up1767

to bring up1769

to pull up1781

to fetch up1838

to come to a standstill1852

1767 Conflict III. viii. 101 At that instant Sir William's carriage drew up to the door.

1845 D. Jerrold St. Giles (1851) i. 2 She drew up at a watch-box, and addressed herself to the..man within.

1885 Manch. Examiner 3 Oct. 4/7 The train drew up in the station.

1899 St. Nicholas July 710/1 The four splendid horses drew up impatiently before the red house at the corner.

1902 E. Glyn Refl. Ambrosine v. 62 The tuff-tuff-tuff of a motor car was heard, and it drew up at our gate.

1919 Gas Engine Dec. 384/1 Smith turned up the road and was soon beside the disconsolate young woman... ‘Well?’ Smith exclaimed as he drew up.

2011 H. Dolan Very Bad Men (2012) i. 19 He watched a sheriff's cruiser draw up in front of the granite steps.

c. transitive. To cause (a person) to abruptly discontinue a course of action; (also) to interrupt (a person) in speaking, esp. with an expression of dissent or disapproval. Frequently as to draw up short.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to desist

ceasec1320

stint1338

stop1393

apausea1555

to knock off1651

surcease1791

to draw up1861

the mind > language > speech > interruption > interrupt (speech) [verb (transitive)] > interrupt (a person)

to fang upa1400

interrupt1413

interpel1541

catch1670

to take up1885

to draw up1905

1861 R. Swinhoe Narr. N. China Campaign 1860 v. 89 The firing on our side drew them up sharp before they came too near.., and after a brief space of indecision they retreated.

1882 ‘J. M'Govan’ Hunted Down (ed. 5) 90 Ross..hurried on..till he reached the hay-ricks, when a bundle of rags lying on the ground..drew him up with an exclamation of surprise.

1905 O. Agnus Root xi. 145 She treated him..with cold politeness, and drew him up sharply when he ventured to speak with any warmth by a reference to the family feud.

1988 R. Powers Prisoner's Dilemma (1996) i. 25 Something mysterious and convincing in the litany draws the four of them up short for a minute, just listening.

2015 D. Cowan Witness Undercover i. 12 What if she needed to be protected from him? The thought drew her up short. Where had that come from?

PV2. With prepositions in specialized senses. to draw against ——

intransitive. To borrow money on the security of (an asset).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [verb (intransitive)] > on security

to make a chevisancec1386

chevisea1513

to make chevance1538

to draw against ——1849

1849 W. Melrose Let. 27 Sept. in William Melrose in China (1973) 64 I have also bought about 5,000 boxes of Gunpowder..which I intend shipping to the same account and drawing against.

1866 A. Crump Pract. Treat. Banking iii. 78 It is expected that the portion of the credit consisting of those documents, will not be drawn against until sufficient time shall have elapsed for them to be cleared.

1975 D. Hammett Nightmare Town (1999) 373 When she had his account drained she raised the last check, drew against it, and was running away?

2005 Mortgage Servicing News (Nexis) Feb. 27 Current low interest rates, double-digit house price appreciation and bank advertising campaigns are encouraging consumers to draw against their existing lines of credit.

† to draw after ——

Obsolete.

1. intransitive. To seek out, follow, or desire (a person or thing); to follow the advice of (a person).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > carrying out > observance or carrying out a promise, law, etc. > observe or carry out a promise, law, etc. [verb (transitive)] > advice, method, or principle

followOE

to draw after ——c1175

pursuec1390

observec1475

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) 16846 Þurrh þatt tatt teȝȝ droȝhenn aȝȝ Affterr erþliȝ biȝæte.

c1300 St. Swithun (Harl.) l. 32 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 44 Swithin his consailler, after wham he drouȝ.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 4978 (MED) Þe wif of Ector, hir douȝter in lawe, After hir lore mochel dide drawe.

2. intransitive. To resemble (a person); to take after.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > resemble or take after

to braid ofc1275

anliken1340

liken1340

semblec1400

showc1425

to draw after ——a1500

to be cast in a (particular) mould1745

assimilate1768

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxiii. 434 She..draweth litill after hir moder.

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 6243 He drawith after that laydy Fro whom he is discended uerily.

to draw on ——

1. intransitive. To make permitted demands on (a person or institution) for funds; = to draw upon —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2. Cf. sense 91.

ΚΠ

1671 J. Crowne Juliana iii. 31 Draw bills of death, they shall be paid on sight; I will..pay as fast as you can draw on me.

1861 Temple Bar Sept. 218 She has unlimited power to draw on my banker.

1912 Bankers' Mag. Sept. 250/2 We will just draw on you for our balance and quit.

1988 J. Catanzariti et al. Papers of Robert Morris VII. 267 He continued to draw on Le Couteulx and Company, the French banking house which still held some public funds in its hands.

2. intransitive. To use (something) as a resource; to utilize; = to draw upon —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > have recourse to [verb (transitive)]

fang855

runOE

to take to ——?c1225

seeka1300

goc1390

to have (one's or a) recourse toc1405

recourse?a1425

suit1450

to take (also make or make one's) recourse to (also into)c1456

repairc1475

to fall to ——1490

recur1511

to take unto ——1553

flee1563

betake1590

retreat1650

to call on ——1721

devolve1744

to draw upon ——1800

to draw on ——a1817

a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) IV. x. 223 Anne could not draw on Charles's brain for..an explanation of some smiling hints of particular business, which had been ostentatiously dropped by Mary.

1840 R. H. Barham Ghost in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 94 It is on my own personal reminiscences that I draw for the following story.

1908 Daily Chron. 26 Nov. 6/4 The German Army..is a ‘cadre’ army, which can only be set on a war footing by drawing on the reserves.

1946 S. Spender European Witness i. 11 People like myself could draw on an alleged ‘pool’ of cars to take them on journeys.

2018 Nat. Rev. 16 Apr. 20/3 It..is disorienting to anyone who lacks dense social networks and deep wells of social capital to draw on.

to draw over ——

transitive. To pull (cloth, clothing, etc.) over (something) so as to cover or conceal it.See also to draw a veil over at veil n.¹ Phrases 4a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for

tighta1000

hapc1390

to draw abroada1400

to draw over ——a1500

superducea1500

induce1567

overhale1579

bespread1598

strew?1615

superinduce1616

obducea1676

a1500 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Adv.) (1810) l. 74 (MED) Over his heyd he drw his hode.

1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 38 And sable stole of Cipres Lawn, Over thy decent shoulders drawn.

1786 F. Burney Diary 21 May (1842) II. 412 I..drew my hat over my face.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. xii. 312 To prevent my being recognised I drew the corpse-hood over my face.

1991 D. Bolger Woman's Daughter (1992) 212 Her skin was greyed, mysterious in the starlight before they drew the blanket over them.

to draw upon ——

1. intransitive. To make permitted demands on (a person or institution) for funds; = to draw on —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2. Cf. sense 91.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > receive or take money > from a person

firk1604

to draw upon ——1682

1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges v. 24 If a Drawer draw upon one that lives not at the place where the Payment must be made.

1732 J. Gay Let. 16 Nov. in J. Swift Corr. (1766) II. 171 You may now draw upon me for your money, as soon as you please.

1782 B. Franklin Let. 30 Mar. in Papers (2003) XXXVII. 73 I wrote to him to draw upon me for..near Thirty Thousand Pounds Sterling, which will put a Stop to those Protestations.

1809 R. Langford Introd. Trade 26 I have..taken the liberty to draw upon you for £5000.

2010 Business Hist. Rev. 84 38 Every shareholder would be able to draw upon the bank in the form of cash credit to the extent of half of his or her paid-up capital.

2. intransitive. To use (something) as a resource; to utilize; = to draw on —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] > press into service

impress1657

enlist1699

to draw upon ——1800

requisition1871

to press into service1926

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > have recourse to [verb (transitive)]

fang855

runOE

to take to ——?c1225

seeka1300

goc1390

to have (one's or a) recourse toc1405

recourse?a1425

suit1450

to take (also make or make one's) recourse to (also into)c1456

repairc1475

to fall to ——1490

recur1511

to take unto ——1553

flee1563

betake1590

retreat1650

to call on ——1721

devolve1744

to draw upon ——1800

to draw on ——a1817

1800 Ann. Reg. 1797 (Otridge ed.) Hist. Europe 166/2 England, to meet the war of assignats, drew upon the finances of posterity.

1859 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 20 ii. 488 [Wheat] draws less upon the natural powers of the soil.

1860 Temple Bar Dec. 41 They drew amply upon their imagination when facts failed.

1920 J. C. Powys Complex Vision 358 A demonic or magnetic force in life which can be drawn upon either for good or for evil.

2006 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 3 Jan. 19/5 Mullis now hopes to draw upon this pool of expertise.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	draw
释义	drawn. Brit. /drɔː/, U.S. /drɔ/, /drɑ/ Forms: see draw v. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: draw v. Etymology: < draw v. I. Senses relating to pulling (cf. draw v. I.). 1. †a. The action of pulling back the bowstring when using a bow and arrow. In quot. in figurative context. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1450 (c1400–25) H. Legat Serm. Passion in D. M. Grisdale 3 Middle Eng. Serm. (1939) 8 (MED) Mani..spekith of Robyn Hood þat schotte neuer in his bowe. Thus þei damne..oþur mennis bokis, & all for þei drowe neuer þe draugh of vndurstonding in non of hem alle. b. Archery. The method or technique of pulling back the bowstring before releasing the arrow. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > archery > [noun] > drawing of bow draw1856 1856 H. A. Ford Archery x. 72 There appear..to be no artificial means by which similarity of draw can be beneficially obtained. 1879 M. Thompson & W. H. Thompson Archery 19 Care and great practice should be given to acquiring the correct draw. 1915 Outing Dec. 310/2 Using..the three-finger draw, I pulled steadily until I felt the steel arrow-point touch the first finger of my bow-hand. 2006 G. M. Haywood & C. F. Lewis Archery (ed. 3) p. ix/2 The Romans..used an inefficient draw to the chest. 2. A drawer (drawer n. 8). U.S. regional in later use.See also chest of draws, variant of chest of drawers n.Drawer is the standard term. Recent examples outside U.S. regional use may represent misspellings of drawer. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > box > [noun] > drawer till1452 draw box1531 drawer1565 draw1605 shuttle1626 tiller1693 1605 Inventory 18 Mar. in Memorials Duttons (1901) 182 Item a cupboarde with twoe locks and a drawe. 1692 in C. W. Manwaring Digest Early Connecticut Probate Rec. (1904) I. 463 I giue to Elizabeth Thomson..one table with a draue in it. 1775 in Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. (1877) XIII. 188 You know I can take a Draw at a time and lay them in the same manner into Dr Gardners. 1862 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. iii. 108 Once git a smell o' musk into a draw An' it clings hold. 1929 in H. Wentworth Amer. Dial. Dict. (1944) 178/2 The draw sticks. 2013 @JevonEverett 11 Jan. in twitter.com (accessed 4 July 2019) everyone has that one desk draw dresser draw or whatever with a bunch of useless stuff. 3. The action or an act of pulling or tugging something; a pull, a tug. Now somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > a pull pullc1390 draw1655 haul1670 shrug1742 rive1809 1655 Triall I. Penruddock 17 His head at one blow, and a draw of the axe, was severed from his bodie. 1663 J. Heath Flagellum (1679) 45 The cavalier..cut the ribbon which tied his murrion and with a draw threw it off his head. 1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 42 I gied an unca draw, An' man't to rive mysel' awa'. 1876 F. Francis Bk. Angling (ed. 4) iv. 118 Whenever there is a draw on the bait. 1998 A. Hanna Fly Fishing for Big Pike (2010) v. 26 A gentle draw on the line would cause the fly to dive and at the same time move laterally. 4. North American. A section of a bridge which may be raised or moved to allow passage through the channel which it spans; a drawbridge. Also: the opening or passage made when this is raised or moved. Cf. draw tender n. ΚΠ 1782 Act Draw Alloway's Creek in Acts Council & Gen. Assembly State New Jersey (1784) cccxxx. 307 (heading) An Act to support and maintain the Draw erected in the Bridge over Alloway's Creek. 1837 J. F. Cooper Recoll. Europe II. 243 The bridge is now permanent, though there was once a draw. 1902 G. H. Lorimer Lett. Self-Made Merchant 21 Our schooner was passing out through the draw at Buffalo. 2015 Sarasota (Florida) Herald Tribune (Nexis) 23 June a1 Between 7 p.m. and 6 a.m., bridge tenders can open the draws on the signal of approaching boaters. 5. a. Cricket. A stroke played by deflecting the ball between the batter’s legs and the stumps into the area of the leg side behind the wicket. Formerly also: a fielder placed so as to field such a stroke. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > types of stroke long ball1744 nip1752 catch1816 no-hit1827 cut1833 short hit1833 draw1836 drive1836 square hit1837 skylarker1839 skyer1840 skyscraper1842 back-cut1845 bum1845 leg sweep1846 slog1846 square cut1850 driver1851 Harrow drive1851 leg slip1852 poke1853 snick1857 snorter1859 leg stroke1860 smite1861 on-drive1862 bump ball1864 rocketer1864 pull1865 grass trimmer1867 late cut1867 off-drive1867 spoon1871 push1873 push stroke1873 smack1875 Harrow drive1877 pull-stroke1880 leg glance1883 gallery-hit1884 boundary-stroke1887 glide1888 sweep1888 boundary1896 hook1896 leg glide1896 backstroke1897 flick1897 hook stroke1897 cover-drive1898 straight drive1898 square drive1900 edger1905 pull-drive1905 slash1906 placing stroke1907 push drive1912 block shot1915 if-shot1920 placing shot1921 cow-shot1922 mow1925 Chinese cut1937 haymaker1954 hoick1954 perhapser1954 air shot1956 steepler1959 mishook1961 swish1963 chop- 1836 Nottingham Rev. 30 Sept. Crook was eventually caught out at the draw through, the ball being to the leg and getting up very high. 1846 W. Denison Cricket: Sketches of Players 16 How many ‘bats’ have been compelled to yield up their wickets just when they fancied they had made a fine ‘draw’. 1849 Boy's Own Bk. (new ed.) 78 As the ball [when drawn] generally gets away between long-stop and leg, it is advisable to place as ‘draw’ the fieldsman that can best be spared. 1857 Chambers's Information for People (new ed.) I. 690 The ‘draw’..is the most elegant..of the batsman's defences. 1866 ‘N. Felix’ in F. Lillywhite Guide to Cricketers (ed. 22) 29 ‘Leg Draw’ is much the same as the ‘hanging guard’ as to action of body, but the blade of the bat is turned inwards, so that the ball may glance off out of the reach of the wicket-keeper. 1877 C. Box Eng. Game of Cricket xxvi. 449 Draw, a beautiful style of batting, whereby the ball is turned between the wicket and the legs of the batsman. 1900 A. W. Pullin Talks with Old Eng. Cricketers 19 [V. E. Walker] Tom Hearne was..about the last who practised the ‘draw’. The stroke now is rarely or never seen. 2017 Mail on Sunday (Nexis) 23 July In the old days, they called this the ‘draw’. But after she [sc. Natalie Sciver] played it against New Zealand, some bright spark settled on the ‘Natmeg’. b. Billiards and Pool. Backspin imparted to a cue ball by striking it below the centre, causing it to move backwards after hitting an object ball. Also: a shot using such backspin; = draw shot n. 1. Cf. screw n.¹ 19a.Screw or backspin is the more usual term in British English. ΚΠ 1881 H. W. Collender Mod. Billiards 23 Draw, or Force.—Striking the cue ball one-half or more below its centre, causing it, if played full at the object-ball, to recoil or return toward the player. 1923 Pop. Sci. Oct. 54/1 Always chalk it [sc. your cue] when attempting a draw, follow, English, or massé. 2018 @Anorint 15 Mar. in twitter.com (accessed 9 Sept. 2021) I liked a @YouTube video... How to Put Backspin/Draw on the Cue Ball. c. Golf. A curve of the ball in flight to the left of the player (or to the right, in the case of a left-handed player), esp. if moderate and intentional; a shot in which the ball curves in this way. Cf. draw shot n. 3.Contrasted with fade n.¹ Additions. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > [noun] > ball's deviation to left or right draw1890 fade1932 1890 H. S. C. Everard in H. G. Hutchinson et al. Golf (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) xiv. 402 He plays sometimes rather for a ‘draw’, and gets his back, shoulders, and hips into the stroke. 1907 A. Smith Lessons in Golf 75 It is the lower half of the blade that first meets the ball, striking it below the centre. The consequence is under spin, or draw. 1962 S. Snead & A. Stump Educ. of Golfer iii. 66 I always thought that Ben was a greater golfer on days when he let himself go off the tee with a draw at the tail end. 1983 Washington Post (Nexis) 1 June c1 Each time, he'd announce a different shot trajectory (‘this will be a high draw’). 2006 S. Lyle To Fairway Born (2007) i. 8 You learn the subtleties of golf by practising every different kind of shot—downhill lies, uphill lies, fades and draws. d. (a) Bowls. A shot given such a line and pace that the bowl finishes close to the jack or to another intended target without hitting another bowl. (b) Curling. A shot given such a line and pace that the stone finishes within or touching the scoring area or house (house n.¹ 12b). Cf. draw shot n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > curling > [noun] > types of shot or delivery inring1789 outwick1805 inwick1820 wick1823 witter shot1823 outring1824 inturn1890 out-turn1890 stug1897 draw1902 draw shot1902 in-curl1903 out-curl1903 long slide1936 slide1950 peel1984 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > bowls or bowling > [noun] > types of shot toucher1600 riner1673 game-cast1724 ditcher1886 draw1902 draw shot1902 1902 Canad. Mag. Oct. 523/1 A draw into an outside space counts one. 1962 Bowls (‘Know the Game’ Ser.) 24 The drawing shot which finishes resting against the jack is sometimes called the ‘dead draw’. 2006 B. Weeks Curling for Dummies (ed. 6) x. 135 When you throw a draw, you need to be exact with your weight. 6. Spinning. The length of spun yarn wound on the spindles of a spinning mule at each journey of the mule-carriage towards the roller beam; = stretch n. 10. Now rare. ΚΠ 1838 Specif. Patent 808 1/2 When the stretch or draw has been completed the machine is entirely stopped. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 396/2 So soon as the carriage has receded to the end of the ‘draw’ or ‘stretch’—which usually extends to about sixty inches—it stops. 1917 Textile Amer. Nov. 45/2 A mule spinning 6s or thereabout may be run from five to six stretches, or draws, per minute. 2009 Woollen Spinning, Weaving, Knitting, Dyeing, Bleaching & Printing Technol. Handbk. (NPCS Board Consultants & Engineers) 17 If 3-run yarn was spun on a mule making four draws per minute, or one complete draw in 15 sec., on a 200-spindle mule with no stoppage, the production per 10 hr. would be [etc.]. II. Senses relating to withdrawal, extraction, or removal (cf. draw v. V.). 7. †a. A lot or ticket in a lottery; (also) a prize won in a lottery. Obsolete.In quot. a1680 in figurative context. ΚΠ a1680 T. Goodwin Wks. (1681) I. i. xiii. 177 She hath a Draw for it, and she draweth Eternal life. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Draw, the lot or chance drawn. 1829 Act for Relief Certain Fortunate Drawers in Land Lottery 22 Dec. in A. Foster Digest Laws State of Georgia (1831) 256 The person who may have given in their names for a draw or draws. b. The outcome or result of drawing lots; esp. the schedule of fixtures or order of play in a tournament, as decided by drawing lots. Cf. draw sheet n.² ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > lottery or raffle > [noun] lottery1567 rifling1569 raffle1734 lotto1787 draw1839 roulette1861 swindle1868 shake1877 shackle1881 1839 Bell's Life in London 10 Nov. The following is the draw for the Cup:—Mr Henry Hemsley's bl d Smoker agst Lord Rancliffe's bk & wh b Skip [etc.]. 1889 Eagle Dec. 95 The competition of the Challenge Cup shall take place in the May Term of each year. The draw to be placed on the screens. 1982 N.Y. Times 22 Apr. c30 The most experienced teams may clash in the early rounds, giving an unknown team in the other half of the draw a good chance to reach the final. 2018 Sidmouth Herald (Nexis) 19 Jan. The quarter-final draw is then: Ottery St Mary or Feniton v Axmouth United; Beer or Chard v Heavitree or Bradninch [etc.]. c. The action or an act of choosing by drawing lots; a lottery, raffle.See also luck of the draw n. at luck n. Phrases 4f. ΚΠ 1841 Royal Leamington Spa Courier & Warwicks. Standard 18 Sept. The subscribers of the St. Leger Lottery.., had their annual convivial entertainment yesterday; and on the preceding Wednesday, a similar meeting of those engaged in the Leamington Stakes Draw, was held. 1885 Liverpool Mercury 22 Dec. 115/4 The familiar raffle or ‘draw’. 1929 Times 29 June 4/4 Three of the women who had been ‘seeded’ for the draw were defeated during the day. 1988 Toronto Star (Nexis) 25 June h20 Today's the day the Canadian Opera Company makes the draw for a 1988 Ferrari 328GTS. Tickets are $100 and all purchasers can attend the draw. 2000 Tuam (County Galway) Herald & Western Advertiser 8 July 10/8 Next Sunday night's draw will be for a jackpot of £2,200. 8. The action or fact of drawing on a resource (esp. a financial one). Also: something which draws on or uses a resource; a demand or drain on something. ΚΠ 1818 C. Kelsall Constantine & Eugene 91 As his functions necessarily imply a draw on the public purse, he should, like the minister of the financial department, always be a member of the Lower Chamber. 1884 Statist 1 Mar. 237/2 A club has to make a draw of 5 or 6 per cent. more than an ordinary underwriting premium. 1992 J. Hardoy et al. in J. Holmberg Making Devel. Sustainable v. 124 Low income households..have too few capital goods to represent much of a draw on the world's finite resources. 2019 Republican & Herald (Pottsville, Pa.) (Nexis) 15 Aug. The commissioners..approved a supplemental budget appropriation of $2,300 for the Adult Probation and Parole Office. Director of Finance Paul E. Buber said the money is a draw on reserve funds and will be used for program purposes. 9. A quantity of earth dug up by a spade at a time; = spit n.³ 3a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > [noun] > a definite or specified quantity or amount > specific quantities or amounts > quantity scooped, thrown, lifted, etc. lifta1400 casta1475 draught1740 pouring1768 draw1830 scoop1832 pour1899 1830 ‘H. W.’ Let. in S. Wells Hist. Drainage Bedford Level I. xv. 445 Claying is done by cutting parallel trenches..; out of which, after sinking down, is cast, equally divided, two draws or two feet of clay, giving about 400 cart loads to the acre. 1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 i. 126 The clay being taken out one ‘draw’ deep. 1965 T. Cooper Pract. Land Drainage ix. 69 The benefit of that slight extra width at the surface will become apparent when the time arrives to take out the third or fourth draws or spits. 10. Originally U.S. a. The act or skill of taking one's firearm from its holster or holder, esp. quickly, in readiness for firing. Also in figurative contexts.Sometimes also taken to include the action of firing.Recorded earliest in to get the draw on a person: (colloquial) to be quicker at drawing one's firearm than an opponent. Cf. to beat a person to the draw at Phrases 2.See also quick (fast, slow, etc.) on the draw at Phrases 1. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > use or operation of small arms > [noun] > discharge of pistol > discharge of revolver > drawing of revolver draw1856 1856 G. D. Brewerton War in Kansas xxxvii. 353 Even a ‘Border Ruffian’ don't like to shoot when you have ‘got the draw upon him’. 1896 D. Malcolm Fifty Thousand Dollars Ransom v. 100 ‘Great Jupiter!’ exclaimed a cowboy, ‘that was the quickest draw I ever saw.’ 1940 M. Fisher Mastering Pistol xii. 143 A plain belt holster which does not impede the draw is also excellent if it is carried where the gun can be reached. 1963 New Mexico Mag. Aug. 35/2 The kid was reported to have spent many an hour practicing his draw, working on his gun and holster to quicken his firing skill. 2008 B. R. Johnson Crucial Elem. Police Firearms Training xi. 208 The key to winning a gunfight is economy of motion. All unnecessary movements related to the draw must be eliminated. b. With premodifying adjective, as quick, fast, etc. A person who is quick (fast, etc.) at drawing his or her firearm (and firing it). ΚΠ 1912 K. Perkins in Argosy-Allstory Weekly 12 Nov. 339/1 Cull..knew that his reputation as the quickest draw in the county might be challenged at any moment. 1921 Lebanon (Indiana) Daily Reporter 6 Aug. 5/1 ‘Go-Get-'Em’ Johnson..known far and wide as ‘the fastest draw in the West’. 2010 G. Cross Men to Boys i. 29 He finally found Dan's weakness (he was a quick draw but a bad aimer). 11. a. Originally U.S. colloquial. = draw poker n.Frequently with modifying word indicating the number of cards dealt to each player at the start of a particular version of the game; esp. in five-card draw. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > poker > [noun] > varieties of vaunt1598 brag1734 draw poker1847 penny ante1855 freeze-out1856 draw1857 straight poker1864 stud poker1864 mistigris1875 highball1878 whisky-poker1878 stud-horse poker1881 stud horse1882 stud1884 showdown poker1892 show poker1895 red dog1919 showdown1927 strip-poker1929 manilla1930 Hold 'Em1964 Texas Hold 'Em1968 pai gow poker1985 1857 Phœnix (Sacramento, Calif.) 20 Sept. 3/2 This mongrel, David, recently lost a sum of money, playing ‘draw’. 1891 Scribner's Mag. 10 278 A small game of draw shortens the dying hours. 1945 New Yorker 14 Apr. 21 ‘Dealer's choice,’ said Kelly. ‘Draw or stud. Fifty-cent ante on draw.’ 2010 @Jamdez 19 Mar. in twitter.com (accessed 18 July 2019) Playing poker with friends tonight. Will be playing Five-card draw for the first time. b. Cards. The act of taking or dealing a card or cards from the deck; a card or cards taken or dealt from the deck. ΚΠ 1866 Wilkes' Spirit of Times (N.Y.) 10 Mar. 28/3 In a game of draw-poker on the draw or fill, a party..discovers that he has only four cards. 1888 M. W. Jones Games of Patience xiv. 31 You are allowed ‘two shuffles and a draw’. 1907 Hoyle's Games (rev. ed.) 235 No matter what a player gets, he says nothing until all the draws are complete and the hands are all shown. 2004 N. Katz Everything Card Games Bk. (e-book ed.) xiv. Card odds describe the probability that you'll improve your hand with a draw. 12. U.S. An angular valley cut into a hillside or mountainside; a ravine, gully. Also: a small stream or creek. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > valley > [noun] deanc825 dalec893 sladec893 bachea1000 valley1297 vall?1611 droke1772 glen1843 nant1862 draw1864 laagte1868 the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > streamling or streamlet lake955 sikec1330 streamleta1552 streamling1605 rain1611 rean1611 streamie1789 draw1864 tricklet1880 the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > valley > [noun] > gorge or ravine cloughc1330 heugha1400 straitc1400 gillc1440 gulfa1533 gull1553 gap1555 coomb1578 gullet1600 nick1606 goyle1617 gully1637 nullah1656 ravine1687 barrancaa1691 kloof1731 ravin1746 water gap1756 gorge1769 arroyo1777 quebrada1787 rambla1789 flume1792 linn1799 cañada1814 gulch1832 cañon1834 canyon1837 khud1837 couloir1855 draw1864 box canyon1869 sitch1888 tangi1901 opena1903 1864 Atlantic Monthly Nov. 611/1 Some of the larger draws still serve as channels of unfailing streams..; few of them are dry all the year round. 1882 W. A. Baillie-Grohman Camps in Rockies xii. 340 Among the rough and steep chains of mountains full of ‘draws’, ‘pockets’, and gulches. 1935 W. Cather Lucy Gayheart xi. 216 In the draws, between the low hills, thickets of wild plum bushes were black against the drifts. 1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 137 The trail rose for a few hundred feet, and then dipped into an empty draw. 2013 R. Brandt Nat. Nashville 29 In the moist ravines or draws leading to the river,..native species..compete with non-native species. III. Senses relating to attraction or drawing in (cf. draw v. II.). †13. slang. A person or thing employed to draw a person out or to induce a person to divulge something or to do something. Also: a person who may be drawn out or induced to do something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > [noun] > sounding out > instrument of sounder1587 voice-asker1593 draw1811 feeler1823 leader1882 society > communication > information > action of informing > [noun] > person who > from whom information may be got draw1887 1811 Sporting Mag. July 168/2 The pretended flat, who was a draw, was introduced. 1819 London Guide, & Stranger's Safeguard (ed. 2) Vocabulary p. x Draw, an entrapping question. 1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth I. v. 80 Now, this was what in modern days is called a draw. It was a guess, put boldly forth as fact, to elicit by the young man's answer, whether he had been there lately or not. 1887 Poor Nellie (1888) 124 Butt was a sure ‘draw’ on this subject. 14. a. (a) Originally colloquial. An act of inhaling smoke from a cigarette, cigar, pipe, etc.; drag or pull. Occasionally also: an act or spell of smoking, a smoke. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > [noun] > a smoke or inhalation whiff1600 quiff1617 draught1621 puffing1675 draw1823 shoch1831 pull1841 blow1855 reek1876 drag1914 inhale1934 1823 J. Bland in Brit. Press 26 May He said he would go to his work instantly he had a draw of his pipe. 1895 ‘G. Setoun’ Sunshine & Haar 253 After making himself quite presentable, sat down for a ‘draw’. 1933 P. MacDonald Myst. Dead Police i. 7 There's nothing like a draw to quiet a chap down. 1969 Flamingo Mag. (E. Afr.) x. 45/4 I lit the hemp and had a draw of it. 2017 Oxf. Times 14 Sept. Lynch sits behind a microphone and takes a deep draw on his cigarette. (b) slang. A cigarette. Later also: a cannabis cigarette. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > thing which may be smoked > cigarette cigarito1832 paper cigar1833 cigarette1842 papelito1845 coffin-nailc1865 fag1885 butt1893 pill1901 scag1915 nail1925 quirly1932 tab1934 burn1941 draw1946 tube1946 snout1950 cancer stick1958 straight1959 ciggy1962 square1970 bifter1989 lung dart1990 dart2000 1946 Midwest City (Oklahoma) News 1 Feb. 2/3 I never drang [sic] booze in my life, I've never smoked a draw. 1985 D. C. Dance Folklore from Contemp. Jamaicans 132 Dawling, go and buy a draw of marijuana deh fi me. 2015 @tbest3 20 Oct. in twitter.com (accessed 9 Sept. 2021) My nan says said she'll smoke a draw with me if weed becomes legalized. (c) British slang. As a mass noun: cannabis; esp. this prepared or used esp. as a recreational drug. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > a) narcotic drug(s) > marijuana or cannabis bhang1598 hashish1598 cannabis1765 ganja1800 Indian hemp1803 sabzi1804 cannabin1843 deiamba1851 charas1860 liamba1861 hemp1870 cannabis resin1871 marijuana1874 kef1878 locoweed1898 weed1917 Mary Ann1925 mootah1926 muggle1926 Mary Jane1928 Mary Warner1933 Mary and Johnny1935 Indian hay1936 mu1936 mezz1937 moocah1937 grass1938 jive1938 pot1938 mary1940 reefer1944 rope1944 smoke1946 hash1948 pod1952 gear1954 green1957 smoking weed1957 boo1959 Acapulco1965 doobie1967 Mary J1967 cheeba1971 Maui Wowie1971 4201974 Maui1977 pakalolo1977 spliff1977 draw1979 kush1979 resin1980 bud1982 swag1986 puff1989 chronic1992 schwag1993 hydro1995 1979 J. S. Madden Guide to Alcohol & Drug Dependence vii. 177 Cannabis... Other names are..a plethora of slang terms like ‘pot’, ‘smoke’, ‘draw’, ‘weed’, ‘grass’, and ‘Mary Jane’. 1987 Guardian 5 Sept. 9/8 You don't see much of other drugs, apart from the old ganja... Plenty of the officers smoke it too. I know some who'll have a search for draw and then pocket it. 2000 N. Griffiths Grits (2001) 272 This is why a hardly ever smoke draw; this is wharrit does ter yer, these six fuckin sacks of torpor n stupor. b. The action or an instance of drawing or sucking in air; an inhalation, an intake of breath. ΚΠ 1867 Eng. Mech. & Mirror of Sci. 11 Oct. 49/2 The greatest draw of wind is to the narrowest end of the cone, like blowing into the bell of a trumpet. 1900 A. C. Laut Lords of North xxviii. 429 One sharp, deep, broken draw of breath, and..Louis Laplante died. 1939 N.Y. Times 13 Jan. (Late City ed.) 16/3 Martyn Green had speeded through his nightmare on a single draw of breath. 2008 J. McPherson & G. McPherson Ultimate Guide Wilderness Living 9. 269 The opening needs to be large enough to allow sufficient draw for the fire to reach the high temperatures required. 15. a. A person who or thing which attracts a crowd or audience; an attraction. Cf. drawing card n., drawcard n. ΚΠ 1829 P. Egan Boxiana New Ser. II. 558 The Bill of Fare..was ‘a good draw’. 1831 Observer 28 Aug. Miss Fanny Ayton, too, is a powerful draw. 1963 N. Coward Diary 15 Apr. (2000) 531 Gwen Verdon has been so idiotic over Elvira that, although she'd be a big draw, I've decided to let her stay at home. 2012 Independent 15 May 37/1 The bright pink spread of about 800,000 shiba sakura flowers blossoming at the foot of Mount Fuji is a popular draw for tourists. b. The power or effect of exerting an influence or attraction; attraction, allure; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > a public show or spectacle > [noun] spectaclea1340 speculationc1440 steracle14.. triumphc1503 show1565 sprank1568 ostentation1598 presentationa1616 exposition1649 gauds1652 raree-show1681 spectacle1749 exhibition1761 draw1881 spectacular1890 1881 L. Wagner Pantomimes 58 Little to do with the success or legitimate ‘draw’ of the entertainment. 1936 Daily Mail 9 Jan. 8/2 Certain of these soul-stirring messages would have an irresistible draw upon the screen. 2005 Statesman (India) (Nexis) 5 Sept. The draw of the novel lies in the strength of its women. 16. Clockmaking and Watchmaking. a. The forces tending to push the locking parts of an escapement (escapement n. 2) together. ΚΠ 1866 M. Grossmann Pract. & Theoret. Treat. Detached Lever Escapem. v. 15 The draw in this escapement is effected by a slight deviation of the locking faces (on the foresides of the wheel-teeth) from the straight line towards the centre of the wheel. 1920 W. J. Kleinlein Rules & Pract. for Adjusting Watches 37 There must also be sufficient draw when each tooth and stone are locked to hold the fork against the bankings. 2011 G. Daniels Watchmaking (rev. ed.) viii. 212 The unlocking angle does not need draw and so the reduction in the exit angle during unlocking is not important. †b. In a lever escapement (escapement n. 2): the angle subtended by the locking face of the pallet with the radial line from the centre of the escape wheel when the escapement is locked. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1876 U.S. Patent 172,165 1/2 The wheel is locked by a cylindrical surface, while hitherto the draw or inclination of the locking-face was considered indispensable in all detached or free escapements. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 92 In a lever escapement the locking faces..are cut back at an angle which is called the draw. 1904 Watch & Clock Escapements i. 82 We delineate our entrance pallet to have a draw of twelve degrees when in actual contact with the tooth. 17. Founding. A cavity inside cast metal resulting from shrinking during solidification; a shrinkage cavity. ΚΠ 1874 Engineer 3 Apr. 228/1 In a large solid globe if cast in iron, and left to cool, the outside becomes rigid and colder than the inside; and so the contraction of the central parts can only be met by the metal at that place parting asunder, as it actually does, leaving the hollow cavity or ‘draw’ so well known to ironfounders. 1925 Foundry Trade Jrnl. 32 552/2 Many defects described by the practical moulder as draws are in fact blows, or in some cases a combination of the two. 1994 J. M. Middleton in Kempe's Engineers Year-bk. (ed. 99) d 24 lf castings are not fed efficiently, shrinkage cavities occur within the casting and in some cases, local sinks or ‘draws’ occur at the surfaces of the casting. 18. American Football and Canadian Football. A running play in which the quarterback initially drops back as if to throw a pass, then hands the ball off to a running back or runs the ball himself or herself; = draw play n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > American football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres rush1857 punt-out1861 goal-kicking1871 safety1879 safety touchdown1879 scrimmage1880 rushing1882 safety touch1884 touchback1884 forward pass1890 run1890 blocking1891 signal1891 fake1893 onside kick1895 tandem-play1895 pass play1896 spiral1896 shift1901 end run1902 straight-arm1903 quarterback sneak1904 runback1905 roughing1906 Minnesota shift1910 quarterbacking1910 snap-back1910 pickoff1912 punt return1914 screen forward pass1915 screen pass1920 power play1921 sneak1921 passback1922 snap1922 defence1923 reverse1924 carry1927 lateral1927 stiff-arm1927 zone1927 zone defence1927 submarine charge1928 squib1929 block1931 pass rushing1933 safetying1933 trap play1933 end-around1934 straight-arming1934 trap1935 mousetrap1936 buttonhook1938 blitzing1940 hand-off1940 pitchout1946 slant1947 strike1947 draw play1948 shovel pass1948 bootleg1949 option1950 red dog1950 red-dogging1951 rollout1951 submarine1952 sleeper pass1954 draw1956 bomb1960 swing pass1960 pass rush1962 blitz1963 spearing1964 onsides kick1965 takeaway1967 quarterback sack1968 smash-mouth1968 veer1968 turn-over1969 bump-and-run1970 scramble1971 sack1972 nose tackle1975 nickel1979 pressure1981 1956 Portsmouth (Ohio) Times 3 Nov. (Home ed.) 19/3 It took six plays to get to the nine, from where DeCamp ran the draw for the score. 2017 Spokesman Rev. (Spokane, Washington) (Nexis) 1 Nov. b6 Doyle ran a draw after a nice fake and walked into the end zone untouched. IV. A match or contest that ends with no outright winner. 19. a. A match or contest that ends with no outright winner; a match or contest in which each competitor has the same score; the result of this. Cf. earlier draw game n.The more usual term in North America for a match in which each competitor has the same score is tie (see tie n. 10a).See also score draw n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > draw or tie tie1680 patt1735 love1742 tie game1742 game and game1745 draw1823 standoff1842 split1967 society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > [noun] > a contest or competition > undecided draw1823 1823 ‘J. Bee’ Slang 70 A draw in backgammon or draughts, is the final state of the game when neither party can win. 1860 E. Cowell Diary 17 June in M. W. Disher Cowells in Amer. (1934) 117 Of course every one knows that the fight between Sayers and Heenan was undecided—a draw—and both have belts given to them. 1887 Times 19 Aug. 5/2 The war..apparently has ended in a draw. 1913 North-China Herald 27 Dec. 969/3 The game resulted in a draw of one goal each. 1972 Black Belt Feb. 61/1 In case of a draw, additional one-minute rounds were played until a clear points-winner emerged. 2015 G. Kieza Boxing in Austral. iv. 126 Record: 80 wins (64 by KO), 15 losses, 1 draw. b. Cricket. A match in which there is no winner because the team batting last has not completed its innings (i.e. been bowled out or exceeded the opposing team's score) by the end of the scheduled playing time; the result of a match ending in this way. Cf. drawn adj. 7.Contrasted with tie, which is used when there is no winner because the scores are level after both teams have completed their innings.Draw is used in matches that are scheduled to last for a certain period of time, and not in limited-overs matches. ΚΠ 1852 Morning Post 19 June 5/6 The match ended in a ‘draw’ on Wednesday, England having 14 runs to get with 5 wickets. 1863 Illustr. London News 22 Aug. 191/1 Surrey v. England, at the Oval..ended in a ‘draw’ yesterday... At the close the score stood thus:—Surrey, 184, 198; England, 218, 67. 1885 Daily News 21 May 3/7 Rain fell so heavily as to entirely prevent any play, and the match was consequently abandoned as a draw. 1900 P. F. Warner Cricket in many Climes 254 A heavy thunderstorm came on, and the ground soon resembled a lake. Further play was impossible, and the match had to be abandoned as a draw. 1931 Rotarian Oct. 31/2 The third match was a draw owing to rain. 1954 Playfair Cricket Ann. 56 Play was restricted to 4½ hours on the first two days and when England had saved the follow-on the last afternoon the match was a certain draw. 2001 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 25 Mar. (Sport section) 23 There are notable instances of scoring heavily on the fourth and fifth days of Tests, as teams hold out for a draw. Phrases In sense 10. P1. Originally U.S. quick (fast, slow, etc.) on the draw: quick (fast, slow, etc.) to draw one's firearm. Frequently figurative: quick (fast, slow, etc.) in acting or reacting. Also quick to the draw. ΚΠ 1862 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 24 Mar. To be quick on the ‘draw’, is to be able, after insulting a man by offensive epithets, to put a pistol to his head before he can double his fists, or to blow his brains out before he is able to strike. 1888 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 16 Mar. 4/4 Mexicans..have insulted the United States so often in the past few years, and have never been punished in return. Uncle Sam has the patience of Job and is awful ‘slow on the draw’. 1951 Blazing West Nov. Yuh know that Killer Barton is faster on the draw than yuh are..yuh'll jest end up as another notch on that coyote's .44! 1965 Financial Times 4 Feb. 12/3 Sir,—Observer..was too quick to the draw when he suggested that the Purchasing Officers' Association would not take kindly to Caspar Brook's Equipment Comparison. 2016 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 8 Aug. a3 His standing order to the police was to be quick on the draw and shoot suspects on sight. P2. Originally U.S. to beat a person to the draw: to draw one's firearm faster than an opponent. Frequently figurative: to beat someone by acting or reacting quicker than him or her. Also to beat a person on the draw. ΚΠ 1908 C. E. Mulford Orphan iii. 37 And they would have gotten it, too, only I beat them on the draw. 1922 Country Gentleman 19 Aug. 12/2 Tug had..a revolver, but he knew that the cattleman could beat him to the draw whenever he chose. 1947 Chicago Tribune 22 June (Comics) 9 She might beat me to the draw! 2009 Times 22 Oct. 65 (headline) Google beaten to the draw as arch rival seals deal with Twitter. Compounds draw play n. American Football and Canadian Football a running play in which the quarterback initially drops back as if to throw a pass, so as to draw the defensive linemen forward and out of position for defending a run, then hands the ball off to a running back or runs the ball himself or herself.See also sense 18. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > American football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres rush1857 punt-out1861 goal-kicking1871 safety1879 safety touchdown1879 scrimmage1880 rushing1882 safety touch1884 touchback1884 forward pass1890 run1890 blocking1891 signal1891 fake1893 onside kick1895 tandem-play1895 pass play1896 spiral1896 shift1901 end run1902 straight-arm1903 quarterback sneak1904 runback1905 roughing1906 Minnesota shift1910 quarterbacking1910 snap-back1910 pickoff1912 punt return1914 screen forward pass1915 screen pass1920 power play1921 sneak1921 passback1922 snap1922 defence1923 reverse1924 carry1927 lateral1927 stiff-arm1927 zone1927 zone defence1927 submarine charge1928 squib1929 block1931 pass rushing1933 safetying1933 trap play1933 end-around1934 straight-arming1934 trap1935 mousetrap1936 buttonhook1938 blitzing1940 hand-off1940 pitchout1946 slant1947 strike1947 draw play1948 shovel pass1948 bootleg1949 option1950 red dog1950 red-dogging1951 rollout1951 submarine1952 sleeper pass1954 draw1956 bomb1960 swing pass1960 pass rush1962 blitz1963 spearing1964 onsides kick1965 takeaway1967 quarterback sack1968 smash-mouth1968 veer1968 turn-over1969 bump-and-run1970 scramble1971 sack1972 nose tackle1975 nickel1979 pressure1981 1948 Athletic Jrnl. Sept. 52/2 The play most dreaded in the All-American League is Cleveland's draw play. It starts off like a pass; the line blocks for passing, and Otto Graham gives ground toward the pass pocket. 2019 Southern Digest (Southern Univ., Baton Rouge) (Nexis) 22 Oct. 1 A draw play by quarterback Devin Williams, took the Tigers immediately across mid-field on the very first play. draw tender n. U.S. (now chiefly formal) a person in charge of a raising or moving a drawbridge; a drawbridge attendant. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > bridge > custody of bridge > one who has > of draw-bridge draw tender1846 1846 Boston Daily Atlas 22 Sept. He was rescued from a watery grave by Mr Robert Curtis, the draw tender. 1904 Engin. Rec. 20 Aug. 219/3 Indicators show the position of both end lifts and the draw in turning which enable the draw tender to operate safely in night or fog. 2010 U.S. Fed News (Nexis) 4 Mar. At 2:30 p.m., the draw tender may provide a single opening up to 20 minutes after that time. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). drawv. Brit. /drɔː/, U.S. /drɔ/, /drɑ/ Inflections: Past tense drew Brit. /druː/, U.S. /dru/; past participle drawn Brit. /drɔːn/, U.S. /drɔn/, /drɑn/; Forms: 1. Present stem. a. α. Old English dragan, Old English drahgan (rare), late Old English–early Middle English drah (imperative singular), early Middle English drae, early Middle English drage, early Middle English draȝhenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English drahie (west midlands), Middle English drafe (in a copy of an Old English charter), Middle English draȝ- (inflected form), Middle English draȝ (imperative singular), Middle English draȝe, Middle English dragh, Middle English draghe, Middle English drahe, Middle English drauȝ- (inflected form), Middle English drauȝ (imperative singular), Middle English draugh, Middle English drauȝh (imperative singular), Middle English drauh, Middle English drav, Middle English drawȝ, Middle English drawȝe, Middle English drogy (south-western), Middle English drow, Middle English–1500s draue, Middle English–1600s drau, Middle English–1600s drawe, Middle English– draw, 1800s–1900s dror (U.S. regional), 1900s– drar (U.S. regional); English regional 1700s–1800s dra, 1800s dhraw (Yorkshire), 1800s drah, 1800s dror, 1800s dry (Somerset), 1800s dthraw (Yorkshire), 1800s– draa; Scottish pre-1700 drau, pre-1700 drave, pre-1700 drawe, pre-1700 1700s– draw, 1800s– draa, 1900s– dra', 2000s– drah; also Irish English 1800s dra', 1800s draa, 1800s– dra, 1900s– dhraw (northern). The medial -i- in early Middle English drahie shows the influence of the β. forms.OE Guthlac A 727 Ongon þa leofne sið dragan domeadig dryhtnes cempa to þam onwillan eorðan dæle.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15394 To draȝhenn hemm till helle grund.c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 716 Þe odre walden drahen hit.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21264 Four ar þai..þat draues [Fairf. draghis, Gött. draus, Trin. Cambr. drawe] þe wain.c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. iii. l. 190 Oure cart shal he drawe.1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Draw as a paynter doth.1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. i. sig. B4 You may easily sound what depth of witts they drawe.1790 A. Wheeler Westmorland Dial. 113 When they dra up ther Cortan.1899 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1900) II. at Draw It drors the ground so, leavin' the cabbages in to sprout.1994 S. Murphey Bean Blossom Dreams vii. 119 Evening was drawing in and we hadn't seen the half of it. β. Chiefly west midlands after Old English. Old English drægan, early Middle English draie, early Middle English draye, early Middle English dreaie, early Middle English dreie, early Middle English dreihe, early Middle English dreye, Middle English–1500s dray; English regional 1700s drea (Lancashire), 1800s drey (Lancashire), 1800s– dray. The medial -h- in early Middle English dreihe shows the influence of the α. forms.OE Writ of Edward the Confessor, Bury St. Edmunds (Sawyer 1084) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 164 Gyf ænig mann sy þæt wylle ænig þæra socna him to handa drægen.c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) l. 217 Elewsius..het..dreihen [c1225 Bodl. dreaien] hire into darc hus.a1300 Vision St. Paul (Jesus Oxf.) l. 89 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 149 And dreyeþ heom in-to a wel.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. vii. 64 When his tyme begynnys to day, I rede no man fro hym dray.1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng ix. f. 9^v To dray any water lyke a pompe.?1746 ‘T. Bobbin’ View Lancs. Dial. 123 Whot munneh gi' ye to drea a tush ot pleagues me?1855 E. Waugh Sketches Lancs. Life 12 Dray up to th' hob, an' warm yo.1948 M. Carbery & E. Grey Herts. Heritage 78 The time drayeth near. b. Also 3rd singular indicative. α. Old English drægð. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lvi. 431 Hit mon drægð [OE Corpus Cambr. drægð]. β. early Middle English drach, early Middle English drauh, early Middle English drauhð. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 159 Alswa se þe sunne drach up þene deu and makeð þer of kume reines.a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 58 Auh ðet fette drauhð euer to ðer eorðe. 2. Past tense. a. Strong. α. Old English trog (Northumbrian), Old English–early Middle English drog, Old English–Middle English droh, early Middle English draȝh (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English droge, early Middle English drohh ( Ormulum, 3rd singular), Middle English dro, Middle English droch, Middle English droȝ, Middle English droȝe, Middle English droȝghe, Middle English drogh, Middle English droghe, Middle English droȝhe, Middle English droght, Middle English drohe, Middle English droow, Middle English droowȝ, Middle English droowh, Middle English drou, Middle English drouȝ, Middle English drouȝe, Middle English drouȝh, Middle English droughe, Middle English drouȝt, Middle English drouh, Middle English drouhe, Middle English drovȝ, Middle English drowȝ, Middle English drowȝe, Middle English drowgh, Middle English drowh, Middle English drowhe, Middle English–1500s drough, Middle English–1500s drow, Middle English–1500s drowe, late Middle English draugh (perhaps transmission error); N.E.D. (1897) also records a form Middle English droȝh. In forms such as droght, drouȝt with ght, ȝt as purely graphic representations of the final fricative.OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xxi. 11 Simon petrus..traxit rete in terram : Simon Petrus..drog..þæt nett on eorðe.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11907 He droh þær forþ. Þe bokess lare.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 60 Of hare forlorenesse þe drohen [a1250 Nero drowen] him to deaðe. ▸ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxxi. 3 Y rewende droȝ thee.c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 171 I..drowh my bordoun to me.c1580 Merye Hist. Mylner Abyngton (new ed.) sig. B.i^v At that worde the clarke loughe And by the voice to her he drough. β. Middle English drug, Middle English drugh, Middle English drughe (in a late copy), Middle English druwe, Middle English drw, Middle English drwe, Middle English–1500s dreu, Middle English–1600s drewe, Middle English–1600s drue, Middle English– drew, 1500s dreue; Scottish pre-1700 dreu, pre-1700 dreuch, pre-1700 dreuche, pre-1700 dreugh, pre-1700 dreuth (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 drev, pre-1700 drewch, pre-1700 drewe, pre-1700 drewgh, pre-1700 drue, pre-1700 drw, pre-1700 drwe, pre-1700 1700s– drew. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2717 He fel dun in dedes bond And moyses drug him to ðe strond, And stille he dalf him [in] ðe sond.c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1299 Riche sail þai drewe... A winde to wil hem blewe.c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 170 Þey drowȝ to dynerward, as it drew to noon.1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) v. 23 The wounde that drue hym toward to dethe.1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 24 They drewe together.1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 84 Captain Watlin drew off his men.1759 F. Douglas Rural Love 8 Mess James affronted drew his pass.1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxi, in Temple Bar Aug. 24 He drew cartoons on wood.1988 D. Allison Trash 112 I drew another deep lungful of the sweet smoke.2007 Callaloo 30 887 The birds drew together like scheming old women at the market. γ. late Middle English dreȝe. Only in MS Ashmole of Wars of Alexander (which elsewhere has droȝe: see Forms 2α. ). Probably by confusion with the past tense of dree v. (compare discussion at that entry).c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 3629 Cursoures þaim dreȝe.c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 5554 Þai dreȝe him vp to þe drye. δ. English regional and U.S. regional 1800s– drawn. 1814 in Smith Coll. Stud. Hist. (1922) VII. 77 The War which they had commenced against that Government, which drawn on them a necessary scourge.1965–70 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (1991) II. at cited word (Qu. OO18b, Talking about drawing a plan: ‘I know that man —— [it]’.) Inf[ormant]s.., Drawn. ε. U.S. regional 1900s– draw. 1953 E. B. Atwood Surv. Verb Forms Eastern U.S. 10 One Negro informant uses the uninflected draw. b. Weak. late Middle English drawede, 1500s– drawed (now regional and nonstandard), 1800s draw'd (regional), 1900s– drewed (U.S. regional); English regional 1700s–1800s drade, 1800s draad, 1800s draa'd, 1800s draed, 1800s dra'ed, 1800s drayed. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 447 The spirit obeyenge not his adiuracion, he drawede owte his swerde, and..kytte hym into ij. partes.1578 W. Hunnis Hyue Full of Hunnye lxviii. f. 53^v So went she downe into the Well and drawed water there.1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent ii. 142 There was no..abuse which drawed not after it [etc.].1768 Ann. Reg. 1767 Characters 204/1 [He] wire-drawed the books of Moses into a complete system of natural philosophy.1807 J. R. Jewitt Jrnl. kept at Nootka Sound 20 They struck five whales, but their harpoons drawed, and they returned without having caught any.1942 Z. N. Hurston in Amer. Mercury July 87 I knowed you'd back up when I drawed my roll on you.2001 C. Chinn & S. Thorne Proper Brummie 80 'E drawed a picture of an 'orse for the competition, but it never won. 3. Past participle. a. Strong. α. Old English gedragen, Old English (in compounds)–early Middle English dragen, early Middle English drage (in prefixed forms), early Middle English draȝhenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English hidraan, early Middle English idrahe, early Middle English idrahen, Middle English draȝe (in prefixed forms), Middle English draȝen, Middle English draghen, Middle English draghin, Middle English draue, Middle English drauen, Middle English drauhen, Middle English drauin, Middle English drauyn, Middle English drawe, Middle English drawȝ, Middle English drawin, Middle English drawun, Middle English drawyn, Middle English drouyn, Middle English drowen, Middle English edraue, Middle English idraȝe, Middle English idraȝen, Middle English idrawe, Middle English idrawen, Middle English idrawyn, Middle English idrow (in a late copy), Middle English jdrawe, Middle English ydraȝe, Middle English ydrawe, Middle English ydrawen, Middle English (1900s– U.S. regional) draw, Middle English–1500s draun, Middle English–1600s draune, Middle English–1600s drawen, Middle English–1600s drawne, Middle English– drawn, 1500s dravn, 1500s ydrawne, 1800s draan (English regional (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 drauin, pre-1700 draven, pre-1700 dravin, pre-1700 draving, pre-1700 dravn, pre-1700 draw, pre-1700 drawen, pre-1700 drawin, pre-1700 drawine, pre-1700 drawne, pre-1700 drawyn, pre-1700 ydraw, pre-1700 1700s– drawn, 1800s– draan; N.E.D. (1897) also records forms Middle English dragh, Middle English draghe. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens Old Eng. Glosses of MS Brussels, Royal Libr. 1650 (1974) 429 Traheretur : getogen uel gedragen.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7413 Þurrh þatt hord tatt oppnedd wass. & draȝhenn forþ..wass uss tacnedd tatt uss. Birrþ awwnenn godess lare.c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 319 Þe flurs þe beoð idrahe þron..ne tellen of hare euene, Nis na monnes speche.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 13 Ðis song is dragen On engleis speche.a1450 (c1375) G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite (Tanner 346) (1878) l. 70 The noble folke were to the townn ydrawe.1560 tr. Pope Pius II Hist. Ladye Lucres & Eurialus (new ed.) Envoy sig. ^v Thys boke in Englysh drawe was.1632 T. Hawkins tr. P. Matthieu Vnhappy Prosperitie* ii. 229 Petrus Moronus, whom Charles had drawen from the Cell, to replenish the vacant See.1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxii. 330 Blood is drawn at several Periods.1874 ‘S. Gilpin’ Songs & Ballads Cumberland (ed. 2) 214 As I see her i' my mem'ry draan.1990 Times of India 14 July (Saturday section) 1/3 The war had drawn the teeth out of England's pace attack.2017 K. Shamsie Home Fire i. 9 The landlord had drawn attention to the skylight as a selling point. β. Middle English drain, Middle English drayne; N.E.D. (1897) also records forms early Middle English dreien, Middle English drayn. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1575 Wiþ his swerd al drain.a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) l. 859 Vp hym sterte syr Gawayne..And ouyr the bord they haue hym drayne. γ. late Middle English drawnen. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 96 And soo he was drawnen all quyck, and quartered in foure peces. δ. U.S. regional 1900s– drew. 1969 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (online ed., accessed 3 Dec. 2019) (at cited word) The warp is drew in, and that's put in the loom. b. Weak. late Middle English drawyd, late Middle English– drawed (now regional and nonstandard), 1800s–1900s draw'd (regional), 1900s– dra'd (Irish English (northern)); English regional 1800s dra'ad, 1800s draa'd, 1800s draaed, 1800s drade. c1440 Sir Degrevant (Thornton) (1949) l. 434 My perrkes are stroyed, And my veuers are drawed.?1504 W. Atkinson tr. Thomas à Kempis Ful Treat. Imytacyon Cryste (Pynson) iii. iii. sig. Gii My wordys..be nat to be aplyed ne drawed as vayne complacens.1658 A. Burgess Treat. Original Sinne ii. 197 Men have drawed nigh to God bodily, but their hearts have been farre from him.1725 G. Odingsells Bath Unmask'd iv. xiv. 77 When thou hast drawed thy Curtains close around thee.1860 J. P. Robson Bk. of Ruth ii. 9 The young cheps hes draw'd for the'.1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 83/2 Ayer drawed the water fer me bath yit? Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian drega, draga to carry, bear, bring (West Frisian drage), Old Dutch dragan to carry, bear, bring, to wear (Middle Dutch drāghen, drēghen, Dutch dragen, also ‘to suffer, endure’), Old Saxon dragan to carry, bear (Middle Low German drāgen, drēgen), Old High German tragan to carry, bear, bring, to wear, to own, to suffer, endure (Middle High German tragen, German tragen), Old Icelandic draga to pull, drag, to prolong, delay, to procure, get, to draw (a picture), (reflexive) to move, Old Swedish dragha to pull, drag, to delay, to carry, to wear, to endure, (reflexive) to move, go (Swedish draga, dra, now chiefly ‘to pull, drag’), Old Danish draghæ to pull, drag, to carry (Danish drage, also ‘to move, go’, now archaic or regional), Gothic dragan to carry, bring < a Germanic base of uncertain origin (see below). The original sense of the Germanic base was perhaps ‘to pull or drag (something heavy)’, from which developed the sense ‘to carry or bear (a burden)’. There is a marked semantic divergence between on the one hand Old English and North Germanic with the basic sense ‘to pull, drag’ (apparently reflecting the original sense), and on the other hand continental West Germanic and Gothic with the basic sense ‘to carry, bear’ (the presence of the latter sense in some Scandinavian languages is the result of Middle Low German influence).Ulterior etymology. The Germanic base has no clear relations within Germanic and no secure cognates in other Indo-European languages. A connection has been suggested with the Germanic base of trek v., and also with (among others) Latvian dragāt to destroy, to crush, Russian dërgat′ to pull, tug (see tar v.²) and doroga road, ancient Greek τρέχειν to run (see trechometer n.), and classical Latin trahere to pull, drag (see tract n.³), but most of these are now thought to be unrelated. In fact, all of the suggestions pose seemingly insurmountable phonological or semantic problems. An origin in a non-Indo-European substrate language is perhaps more likely. A similar non-Indo-European origin has also been proposed for classical Latin trahere , with which the word may after all be related at a substrate level. Form history: (i) present stem. In Old English a strong verb of Class VI. In common with other verbs of this class the stem vowel of the present stem originally exhibited alternation between æ and (retracted) a , depending on whether a front or back vowel stood in the following syllable. In West Saxon there was early levelling of a from the infinitive and plural present indicative to the rest of the present stem; the 2nd and 3rd singular present indicative show i-mutation (caused by the original i of the inflectional ending) of the levelled a to æ (compare 3rd singular present indicative drægð : see Forms 1bα. ). Later levelling of the mutated vowel from these forms throughout the present stem probably in part gave rise to the form drægan and its reflexes (see Forms 1aβ. ), no doubt further influenced by an unattested variant of the past participle with i-mutation (drægen ), the likely antecedent of the Middle English forms at Forms 3aβ. (compare Old English slægen* , past participle of slay v.¹). In some Mercian varieties and in Northumbrian the original alternation between æ and a in the present stem was preserved longer, and levelling was usually in favour of æ , hence providing another source for drægan and its reflexes. See A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §744, and compare the parallel development of doublet forms with stem vowel e in Old Frisian, Middle Dutch, and Middle Low German. Form history: (ii) past tense. The strong inflection is continued in later English, although occasional weak forms of the past tense and past participle are attested from the 15th cent. onwards and remain common in regional and nonstandard use (see Forms 2b, 3b). The modern inflectional pattern differs from that seen in other original Class VI verbs (such as shake , shook , shaken and take , took , taken ), complicated by the divergent development of Old English g (representing the voiced velar fricative /ɣ/). The latter was regularly vocalized to /w/ in Middle English, as in the infinitive drawe and the past participle drawen (see Forms 1aα. , 3aα. ), forming a new diphthong /ɑu/, which (after the operation of the Great Vowel Shift) developed into the modern standard pronunciation /ɔː/. In the past tense the development was more complex with different results in different dialects. In final position (i.e. in the 1st and 3rd singular form: Old English drōg ) the voiced fricative had become devoiced (to /x/) already by the end of the Old English period; in southern Middle English before this voiceless velar fricative Old English long close ō typically developed a back glide and was diphthongized ( /ou/) before subsequently being assimilated to /uː/ (compare Middle English drough ; post-Great Vowel Shift /ɑu/). By contrast, in the plural past tense form (Old English drōgon ) there was vocalization of the voiced velar fricative and formation of a new diphthong /ou/, which subsequently, depending on dialect, was either assimilated to /ɔu/ (compare Middle English drowe ; post-Great Vowel Shift /oː/) or to /uː/ (compare Middle English drou ; post-Great Vowel Shift /ɑu/); the contrasting past tense paradigm drough , drowe was naturally subject to levelling. In northern Middle English and Older Scots the development was quite different: Old English long close ō was fronted and raised to /yː/, and the subsequent development of a back glide before the voiceless velar fricative and vocalization of the voiced velar fricative resulted in a diphthong /yu/ (later, with first element unrounded, /iu/, and, with shift of stress, /juː/) yielding respectively (1st and 3rd singular) dreuch , (plural) drewe , and once again subject to levelling. All of the above and many similar forms are illustrated at Forms 2aα. and β. . Ultimately, it was the northern form drew that came to supply the standard past tense form (in both Scots and English; its use in midland and southern texts becoming more widespread from the late 14th cent.), apparently aided by assimilation to the inflectional pattern of original Class VII verbs of the type blow , blew , blown , probably earliest in northern Middle English and Older Scots, where these verbs retained their original ā in the present stem and past participle (blaw , blew , blawen ; so draw , drew , drawen ); compare e.g. the rhyme in quot. c1330 at Forms 2aβ. . Possible influence ofdree v. In early use sometimes confused with dree v. on account of its phonetic similarity, especially in the past tense (compare discussion at that entry). Use in the sense ‘to suffer’ (see sense 20) may perhaps be influenced by dree v., especially in early Middle English attestations (possible Scandinavian influence has also been suggested), although, as the sense is well attested for Germanic cognates of draw v., it is likely notwithstanding to be inherited. In Old English the sense is attested in Northumbrian in isolated use for prefixed ydraw v. (compare sense 2 at that entry). Specific senses. With sense 3 compare dray n.¹, dray-net n., and later draw-net n. With sense 26 compare classical Latin ducere , in the same sense (especially in mercantile language). With sense 28 compare classical Latin ducere , in the same sense (especially in military engineering). Earlier currency of sense 85e (and hence of branch VI.) is perhaps shown by the following example (in a description of the aureoles with which virgins are crowned in heaven, with flowers ‘drawn’ on them and gems in them); however, the precise nature of what is envisaged and the exact sense of draw in the quot. are equally unclear:c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 319 Þe flurs þe beoð idrahe þron, ne þe ȝimmies þrin, ne tellen of hare euene, Nis na monnes speche. Prefixed forms. In Old English the prefixed form gedragan ydraw v. is also attested, although it is considerably less common (it is attested earlier in sense 20); compare also adragan adraw v., and (Northumbrian) eftdraga , an element-by-element gloss of Latin recalcitrare to kick against, to be refractory (compare eft adv.), ūtdragan outdraw v. I. To pull and related senses. * Senses relating to physically pulling or dragging. 1. a. transitive. Esp. of a draught animal or engine: to cause (a plough, vehicle, etc.) to advance by pulling it; to pull (something) along. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by drawing along > draw along or haul [verb (transitive)] drawOE traila1500 tract1523 tow1933 OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Tiber. B.i) anno 1016 Hi ða dulfon ane mycle dic on suðhealfe & drogon hiora scypo on westhealfe þære bricge. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8704 Horrs off fir itt droȝhenn. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 154 (MED) Vr Cart he schal drawe, And fetten vr vitayles. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 11654 A waine..þat drauen was wid oxen tuin. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 3629 (MED) Ane instrument all of iren þare ymage to bere, Was compast on carte-wise & cursoures þaim dreȝe. 1504 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1504 §35. m. 25 Halyng or drawyng eny such trowe, bote or vessell. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 354 They [sc. oxen] drawe the plough, they furrowe the soyle. 1593 T. W. Tears of Fancie iv. sig. A3^v In her Coach ydrawne with siluer Doues. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 355/2. It is used for the Carriage of Timber,..drawn by the handle by two or more Men. 1793 W. Hodges Trav. India 5 A hackery is a small covered carriage upon two wheels, drawn by bullocks, and used generally for the female part of the family. 1830 Times 17 Sept. The Northumbrian locomotive engine, which had drawn the train of the Duke of Wellington. 1889 I. Taylor Origin Aryans 180 The Egyptians and the Hittites possessed war chariots drawn by horses. 1933 G. N. V. Thompson & J. H. Edgar Canad. Railway Devel. 247 An engine drawing a train of ballast trucks..steamed to the end of steel. 1973 R. Travers Murder in Blue Mountains ii. 14 The two men left Sydney on 13 August driving a red-wheeled wagonette drawn by two bay horses. 2014 Traverse City (Mich.) Record-Eagle 11 Apr. 3 a/5 The horse that was drawing the carriage became separated during the crash and ran home unharmed. b. (a) intransitive. Esp. of a draught animal: to pull something, esp. a plough or a vehicle, along. Also in figurative contexts. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by drawing along > draw along or haul [verb (intransitive)] drawa1398 travois1914 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. lxiv. 1213 A ȝong cow þat is able to be ȝoked to drawe atte plowe. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Friar's Tale (Hengwrt) (1872) l. 1560 This Cartere taketh his hors vp-on the croupe And they bigonne drawen and to stoupe. c1450 (c1400) Cuckoo & Nightingale (Fairf.) (1975) l. 140 Myn entent is neyther for to dye, Ne, while I lyve, in loves yoke to drawe. a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 425 (MED) Loke þat þes boþe be hooly & lyue in pouert..& ech of hem helpe mekely oþer as felowis drawinge in goddis ȝoc. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. xxvi. 7 Whan an vnlike pare of oxen must drawe together. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxv^v An Antlop drawyng in an horse mill. 1613 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. (rev. ed.) i. xxv. 79 They must..equally be directed, no otherwise then a couple of horses matched to draw in one selfe-same teeme. 1686 London Gaz. No. 2147/4 These three [horses] have all drawn. 1741 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman May i. 2 We are frequently obliged to draw with four, five, and six Horses, who find Work enough to manage an Acre and an Half in a Day in dry Seasons. 1794 G. Rennie et al. Gen. View Agric. W. Riding Yorks. 34 Even when horses draw abreast, the ploughs have all, more or less, of this crooked beam. 1804 Sydney Gaz. 18 Mar. 1 (advt.) Also a Bull that has been broke in to draw, and would be found a very useful animal. 1874 T. De W. Talmage Around Tea-table xlv. 266 The vehicle was slight and the road was good, but the horse refused to draw. 1960 G. E. Evans Horse in Furrow xxiv. 273 They used to teach the horses to draw by hitching them to a fork stuck deep into a muck-heap. (b) intransitive. figurative and in figurative contexts. To work in pursuit of a common goal; to cooperate; to pull together. Also: to agree, to get on. Now rare (Scottish in later use). Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as known to correspondents in Fife, Lanarkshire, and Kirkcudbrightshire in 1940.See also to draw by one string at string n. 1m(a), to draw in a (or one) line at line n.² 13a. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > be in agreement [verb (intransitive)] accord1340 cordc1380 to be condescendedc1386 to be consentedc1386 consenta1400 intend1421 onec1450 drawc1480 to be of (also in) one (or a) mind?1496 agreea1513 gree?a1513 to draw by one string1558 conspire1579 to meet witha1586 conclude1586 condog1592 consign1600 hit1608 centre1652 to be of (another's) mind1717 to go all the way (also the whole way) with1829 to sing the same song1846 c1480 (a1400) St. Martha l. 277 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 293 There cysteris drev wele in a lyne, þat þis endyt in a tyme. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Phil. ii. 2 That ye drawe one waye..being of one accorde. 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. vii. sig. Iiii^v We drew both by one line. a1563 J. Bale Brefe Comedy Iohan Baptystes in Harleian Misc. (1744) I. 109 Heare hym, beleue hym, drawe only after hys lyne. For he alone knoweth, my purpose towardes yow. 1584 Copie of Let. conc. Erle of Leycester 106 And how so euer thes two conioyned Earles, do seeme for the tyme to draw together, and to playe bootie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. i. 66 Thinke euery bearded fellow, that's but yoak'd, May draw with you. View more context for this quotation a1680 D. Holles Second Let. to Friend in D. Holles et al. Remains (1682) 74 Their Persons..would make but an ill accouplement, and they would never draw well together. a1695 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. III (1696) 66 The Apostle calleth them Yoak-fellows, implying, that they ought to draw together, and mutually assist one another in their common Concerns and Interests. 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals i. i Does she draw kindly with the Captain? 1803 A. Boswell Songs 7 Thegither frae this hour we'll draw, And toom the stoup atween us twa. 1894 D. S. Meldrum Margrédel (U.S. ed.) xii. 200 That was a topic we didna touch on, like,..else we micht ha' drawn better. c. intransitive. With adverb or adverbial phrase: (of a plough or vehicle) to be able to be pulled along in a particular way. Now rare. ΚΠ 1859 Country Gentleman (Albany, N.Y.) 27 Oct. 267/1 As to the ease to the man over the cast-iron plows, wherever a plow draws easily for the horses, the labor is less for the man. 1892 Field 19 Mar. 415/2 The Irish outside cars..draw lighter than an ordinary English cart. 1912 Southern Planter Feb. 136/1 It draws lighter than a moldboard plow doing the same work. 1939 W. L. River Banners in Asia i. xv. 225 The wheel on one of our carts was broken, it draws with difficulty. 1943 M. Kelsey Diary 8 Apr. in Victory Harvest (1997) 180 When the plough draws easily, as on Nunningham's sandy soil or Castle Farm's silt, I relax and enjoy my work. 2. transitive. To drag (a person tied behind a horse) about, as a punishment or a form of torture; (in later use) spec. to drag (a person tied behind a horse or on a wooden frame) to a place of execution, esp. as a punishment for high treason. Cf. to-draw v. 3b. Now historical.Sometimes, esp. when paired with hang, difficult to distinguish from sense 57a which refers to the punishment of disembowelling. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > drag to place of execution drawOE OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 316 Nimað þisne scyldigan..and dragað hine niwelne his neb to eorðan geond ealle ðas stræt..and ofsleað hine syþþan. c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 383 (MED) He dede feche hors wel sket And teyed hem to her fet, And dede hem drawe on þe pauement And hong hem after. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 5975 First was he drawen for his felonie, & as a thefe þan slawen, on galwes hanged hie. c1450 (c1425) Brut (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 366 Juged to be..laide vp-on an hirdille, & þan to be drawe þrouȝ þe cete of London to Tyborne. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 225 [Serle was] condempned to be drawe þorowoute the good townes of Ynglond, and aftir to be hangen and quartered at London. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 33 To be..drawen as a dog & to deth broght. ?a1556 Grey Friars Chron. anno 1444 in R. Howlett Monumenta Franciscana (1882) II. 172 Whanne they ware drawne they hade ther pardon alle and their lyffes. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 191 Because he came of the bloud royall..he was not drawne, but was set vpon an horse, and so brought to the place of execution, and there hanged. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (1830) IV. vi. 92 That the offender [in cases of high treason] be drawn to the gallows, and not be carried or walk. 1890 T. Cooper in Dict. National Biogr. XXI. 4/1 [Garnett] was sentenced to be drawn, hanged, disembowelled, and quartered. 1919 Jrnl. Criminal Law 10 531 By this time every convict who was to be drawn to the gallows had a ‘hurdle’ to ride on. 1991 Law & Hist. Rev. 9 5 Calnerd was condemned to be drawn to the gallows and hanged, the punishment traditionally reserved for convicted traitors. 3. transitive. To haul in (a fishing net). Also: to drag (a fishing net) alongside a boat. ΚΠ OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xxi. 8 Trahentes rete piscium : drogun uel getugun ðara fisca segni. a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 2193 (MED) Þe oþere disciples come by shipe him aȝe And drowe þat net myd ffisch. c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Laud) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 355 (MED) Seynt Iames & seynt Ioou [read: Ioon] his broþere in a noþere boote drawynge here nettys wiþ Ȝebedee here fadere. 1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) John xxi. C They were not farre from londe, but as it were two hondred cubites, & they drewe the net with fysshes. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 163 Your greedy slav'ring to devour..sprung the Game..Before y' had time to draw the Net. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Seal This is a very large Ring, wherein is represented St. Peter, drawing his Nets full of Fishes. 1893 Longman's Mag. June 120 The net is drawn. 1927 N.Y. Amsterdam News June 13/6 Fisherwomen..may be seen helping to draw the nets in the morning. 2012 Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 9 Oct. c2/1 You stay down where the fishermen draw their nets so you'd have food every day. 4. a. transitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to pull (something) in a specified direction.This use of draw in the general sense ‘to pull’ is now somewhat formal.In quot. OE with reference to a fishing net being pulled onto dry land; compare sense 3. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull teea900 drawOE tighta1000 towc1000 tirea1300 pullc1300 tugc1320 halea1393 tilla1400 tolla1400 pluckc1400 retract?a1475 hook1577 tew1600 hike1867 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xxi. 11 Ascendit Simon Petrus et traxit rete in terram plenam magnis piscibus : astag Simon Petrus & drog..þæt nett on eorðe full mið miclum fiscum uel of miclum fiscum. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15394 To draȝhenn hemm till helle grund. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 47 Me nom rapes and caste in to him fro to draȝen hine ut of þisse putte. a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 192 Ðe hert..draȝeð ðe neddre of de [emended in ed. to ðe] ston. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Tobit vi. 4 Cach his fin, and draȝ it to thee. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 2566 The Babyloynes of his hors him drowe. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 971 (MED) He..toke sir Lyonell by the shuldirs and drew him strongely abacke frome sir Bors. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. 93 Draw your Sight-Vane a little lower down. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World vii. 165 Canoas..will not last long, especially if not drawn ashore often and tarred. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xiv. 380 It comes off by only drawing the Cane thro your hand. 1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 16 A Shark came up to him, and drew him under Water. 1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 163. ⁋1 He drew a Paper of Verses out of his Pocket. 1879 E. Dowden Southey iii. 71 To draw the pen across six hundred lines. a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. xvi. 278 He drew a pad of blank forms toward him, wiped a pen on the mat. 1937 J. P. Marquand Late George Apley (1940) v. 48 He drew me out of my chair, dragged me before the class, and boxed my ears. 1997 Village Voice (N.Y.) 19 Aug. 59 [She] plunges the needle in, drawing it back slightly to make sure no blood enters the syringe. b. transitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase. To move (a part of one's body) in a specified direction. ΚΠ ?a1300 (c1250) Prov. Hendyng (Digby) xliii, in Anglia (1881) 4 199 Drau þin hond wel sone aȝein, If men doþ þe ani ounfein..So þe child..draweþ is hond..fro þe brond. 1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 78 Drawing our Hand with a sweetning motion over the head. 1668 Excellency of Pen & Pencil sig. E4 When the colour is dry in the shell, draw your finger over it. 1773 Scots Farmer 1 562 He drew his hand across the bottoms [of the sheaves], to open the pens of straw a little. 1893 T. R. R. Stebbing Hist. Crustacea vi. 64 A shill sort of stridulating noise such as a grasshopper makes by drawing the thighs of its hind legs over the salient nervures of its wing-cases. 1894 A. B. Gomme Trad. Games I. 71 This was danced by a boy stooping till he was nearly in a sitting posture on the ground, drawing one leg under him until its toe rested on the ground, and steadying himself by thrusting forward the other leg so that the heel rested on the ground... The thrust-out leg was drawn back and the drawn-in leg was shot out at the same time. 1956 A. Ginsberg Coll. Poems (1988) 157 I pressed in closer and drew my leg up between his. 2005 Independent on Sunday 6 Feb. 26/2 As the lights turned green he drew an index finger across his throat and sneered before the car roared off. †c. intransitive. To pull or tug at something. Obsolete.See also to drug and draw at drug v.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (intransitive)] > pull pullOE tirea1300 drawc1300 halea1393 pluck?a1425 c1300 St. Lucy (Harl.) l. 105 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 569 Hi schoue & droȝe al þat hi miȝte. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4389 He drou, sco held, þe tassel brak. 1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 122 in Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. The Rope of its own accord doth pull or draw very hard, by reason of the Sea, so that if you should rowl it about your Hand, it would benumb your Hand... Two such Ropes draw as much as a Man's Strength. 1831 R. Shennan Tales, Songs, & Misc. Poems 40 We..saw twa men in dreadfu' fury, Pushing, drawing, striking, swearing. d. intransitive. To be pulled or drawn in a particular way or direction; to be able to be pulled or drawn. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (intransitive)] > pull > be pulled draw1635 haul1797 1635 F. Quarles Emblemes i. iv. 17 Thy Balance will not draw; thy Balance will not downe. 1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 187 That the String may draw tight upon the Work. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ii. 17 The Line in drawing after him chanc'd to kink, or grow entangled. 1867 L. Valentine Home Bk. Pleasure & Instr. 271 Pull away the silver paper, which will draw easily from under the braid. 1886 E. Randolph Mostly Fools I. x. 299 The rope drew taut and parted in the middle. 1907 Model Engineer & Electrician 17 Jan. 55/2 The surface of brass resists the scouring action of the moulding sand better than the white metals and also draws from the mould more freely. 2001 M. Doty Still Life with Oysters & Lemon 17 If you could see the notes of a cello, when the bow draws slowly and deeply across its strings. e. transitive (reflexive). With adverb or other complement: to assume a particular position or posture, by straightening out or pulling in one's body or limbs. See also to draw up 9 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > assume a posture [verb (reflexive)] to compose oneself1606 draw1662 1662 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anatomy i. v. 9/2 If you cut a Muscle..it purses it self round and draws it self into it self like a ball. 1824 ‘T. E.’ Oriental Wanderings II. iii. 83 The Arab drew himself into a ferocious attitude. 1890 W. C. Russell Ocean Trag. I. vii. 141 Wilfrid..drew himself erect. 1922 S. Gordon Second Flowering xxvii. 270 Suddenly she stopped and drew herself taut. 1967 R. Sutcliff Outcast vi. 78 Beric drew himself to attention, making the obeisance that had become habit with him now. 1989 M. Hudson Our Grandmothers' Drums (1990) i. 9 The tall woman drew herself to her full height. 1993 S. Deshpande Binding Vine 98 I can see her drawing herself into a huddle each time someone entered. f. transitive. To pull (a belt, string, etc.) so that it surrounds something more tightly. Frequently with tight. ΚΠ 1687 Chirurgorum Comes vi. vii. 528/2 Then I drew the strings tight, and fastned them to the four pegs afore-mentioned. 1740 J. Sparrow tr. B. Saviard Observ. Surg. ix. 23 I took the waxed Thread..making the Surgeons Knot; but before I drew it tight, I ordered my Assistant to press the Bottom of the suspended Part..I..now drew the Knot as tight as I could, and made another upon it. 1847 A. M. Gilliam Trav. Mexico (new ed.) 255 The buckle of my belt was never disturbed, except to draw it tighter, when I was pinched with hunger. 1853 Maine Liquor Law Deb. 1852 9/2 We must there behold a government official necessarily in attendance to draw their corset-strings. 1915 Outing Sept. 671/2 A belt drawn tight enough to hold up much weight is not only uncomfortable but dangerous. 2018 Dominion Post (Wellington, N.Z.) (Nexis) 2 Jan. (Features section) 1 I drew my hood tighter, took a deep breath and exhaled. 5. a. transitive. To drag (something), esp. along or against the ground; spec. (of a person or animal) †to drag or trail (one's own entrails) along after being disembowelled (obsolete).In quot. OE² reflexive: to drag (oneself) along the ground. Cf. later sense 46. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > along a surface or behind drawOE harry1340 traila1380 traina1500 lag1530 strakec1530 entrain1568 drail1598 lurry1664 toboggan1886 schlep1911 OE Ælfric Homily: De Falsis Diis (Corpus Cambr. 178) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1968) II. 558 Man toheow þa sticmælum þone sceoccenan god, and mid langum rapum his lima toferode; his heafod hi drogon mid hospe geond þa burh. OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxv. 228 Þa ongan heo [sc. a disabled girl] hider & þider dragan hi selfe geond þa cyrican [L. huc illuc que per ecclesiae loca se trahere]. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 132 Ȝif þu wult ðet te holie rode stef beo þi scheld..ne drauh þu hit nout efter ðe, auh hef hit on heih. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 411 Þar fluwen haueden on felde..moni hond moni fot... Moni þusend þer flowen, þærmes heo droȝen. c1300 St. Francis (Laud) l. 435 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 66 His lene bones he wolde drawe a-ȝein þe harde grounde, For-to make þe more is pine, and þe eorþe he custe al-so. a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) l. 5120 Brayn and blood he schadde jnowȝ; Many an hors hys [i.e. its own] guttes drowȝ. 1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Fiv^v In battaile whiles he [sc. a horse] seketh victorie, dooeth oftentymes draw his guttis after hym. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 2) 433 Foolish birds follow the kite in hope of a part of the expected prey, when she drawes her owne guts after her. a1676 J. Dunton Remains (1684) 318 A roaring, ramping Lion draws along the Earth his Prey, and tears it, and pulls it. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 89 [Seals] throw their bodies forward, drawing their hinder-parts after them. 1889 T. D. Seymour First Six Bks. Homer's Iliad Commentary 176 Grief comes over her as she sees Hector's body drawn to the Greek camp after the chariot of Achilles. 2003 Irish Times (Nexis) 28 June 7 It is far more likely that his injuries were as a result of a road traffic accident involving a side-swipe from a projecting part of a vehicle, followed by being drawn along the ground for a short distance. †b. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to be dragged along; to drag. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1643 J. Lightfoot Handfull Gleanings Exod. 52 This coate was not so long as the under coate, for then the Bells would have drawne on the ground, and would not have beene heard. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 141 He..puts on a white shirt that drawes on the ground, like persons doing penance with us. 1833 Sportsman's Cabinet Oct. 371/1 The poachers have improved their system of depredation:..five of them carry the net expanded, with a few pieces of lead drawing on the ground for the purpose of disturbing the sleeping covey. 1903 Dublin Penny Jrnl. 26 Dec. 615/1 Stooping over, the big skipper picked me up in his arms. With my splinted leg drawing along behind, up we went through the narrow companionway to the deck. 1918 Everybody's Mag. July 103/1 At his last mad taunt she had stayed her footsteps, and halting, poised on one foot, the other lightly drawing behind her, without looking at him she had listened to him. 6. transitive. Of an archer: to pull back (an arrow or the string of a bow) before releasing the arrow; to bend (a bow) by pulling back the string. Also intransitive.See also to draw the long bow at longbow n. Phrases. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > use of bow and arrow > shoot (arrow) [verb (transitive)] > draw (bow) drawc1275 twang1600 updraw1600 span1878 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 163 Þat iherde his kun..þat he þe flo heuede idrawen & his fader of-slawen. ?1316 Short Metrical Chron. (Royal) (2002) l. 932 Water Tyrel þe arewe droh Ant þe king þermide he sloh. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 174 Þe more þet he draȝt his boȝe: þe harder he smit. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 4341 Archers drowe. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 1067 Alexander..him a narawe hent, Droȝe [a1500 Trin. Dublin Drogh], & at þe first draȝte him dreped. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 2 (MED) Þe knyȝt sawe him begynne forto drawe his bowe. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xix The Englishmen y^t..might eyther stand or drawe a bowe. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. vi. 69 Draw archers draw your arrowes to the head. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings xxii. 34 A certaine man drew a bow at a venture. View more context for this quotation 1791 M. A. Meilan Holy Writ Familiarized 352 A soldier in the king of Syria's army, drew a bow at hazard, as the expression is, and wounded him between the platings of his harness. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. ii. 173 He drew with ease as strong a bow as was borne by any yeoman of his guard. 1997 P. Paret Imagined Battles 24 Their crossbows are shorter than those painted by Uccello, but the method of drawing the bowstring is the same. 2005 J. Donohue Deshi xii. 111 She raised the bow, drew the arrow, and held it. 7. transitive. To hoist (a sail). Frequently in to draw sail. Now rare. ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14461 Seil heo droȝen to hune. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 671 He heþte handli cables, seyles drawe to toppe. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 1563 And drow his sayl & saw hym neuere mo. a1500 (?a1425) Ipomedon (Harl.) (1889) 313 (MED) When she saw þey come so fast..Þis lady bad draw sayle & flee. 1872 J. Payne Songs Life & Death 253 But they..drew sail And came to where the amber-polished lip Of the gold shore grew pale. 1991 B. Cazelles tr. Paula in Lady as Saint 279 The mariners check The stars, draw the sails, Pull out, and the ships depart. 8. transitive. To pull or tear (a person, a person's limbs, etc.) apart, esp. as a punishment or a form of torture. Now only with complement, as in pieces, asunder. Cf. to-draw v. 1b.Chiefly with reference to the practice of killing a person by tying his or her limbs to horses which are then sent in different directions. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (transitive)] > tear apart to-loukc890 to-braidc893 to-tearc893 to-teec893 to-rendc950 to-breakc1200 to-tugc1220 to-lima1225 rivea1250 to-drawa1250 to-tosea1250 drawa1300 rendc1300 to-rit13.. to-rivec1300 to-tusec1300 rakea1325 renta1325 to-pullc1330 to-tightc1330 tirec1374 halea1398 lacerate?a1425 to-renta1425 yryve1426 raga1450 to pull to (or in) piecesc1450 ravec1450 discerp1483 pluck1526 rip1530 decerp1531 rift1534 dilaniate1535 rochec1540 rack1549 teasea1550 berend1577 distract1585 ream1587 distrain1590 unrive1592 unseam1592 outrive1598 divulse1602 dilacerate1604 harrow1604 tatter1608 mammocka1616 uprentc1620 divell1628 divellicate1638 seam-rend1647 proscind1659 skail1768 screeda1785 spret1832 to tear to shreds1837 ribbon1897 a1300 Vision St. Paul (Jesus Oxf.) l. 146 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 151 Þer beoþ wimmen and wapmen..Þat feondes dreyeþ al a two. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 1682 (MED) With bestys wilde first to do þe drawe. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 96 Reynawde..made Hernyer to be bound hys foure membres..to foure horses taylles, And soo he was drawnen all quyck, and quartered in foure peces. a1500 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Adv.) (1810) l. 173 He seyd, the howndes schuld the flesch drawe. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 349 They had rather suffre their lymmes to be drawen in peces. 1607 T. Jackson tr. G. Powel De Adiaphoris iii. 123 A man being drawen asunder into parts, ceaseth to be a man. 1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 902 He was condemned to be drawn asunder by Horses. 1700 Fryke's Voy. E. Ind. 276 To be drawn in pieces with Elephants. 1798 J. O'Keeffe Alfred i. i, in Dramatic Wks. IV. 198 Stop—Is the poor creature to be drawn to pieces between two wild asses? 1825 Methodist Mag. Sept. 364/1 One [hell] consists of hills stuck full of knives..; in another the victim is drawn into pieces. 1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee xxx. 387 I? I would be drawn asunder by wild horses first. 1954 Far Eastern Q. 13 295 He threatened to draw asunder anyone who failed to use in official documents the adjective ‘Heavenly’ to describe his brothers, the King, the army and so forth. 1988 D. Bellos tr. G. Perec W xxxi. 141 An athlete is about to be drawn asunder by four horses, but in actual fact the horses are pulling not on the athlete's limbs but on four steel cables. 9. a. transitive. To convey or carry (a load) in a vehicle; to cart; to haul. Now regional. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport of goods in a vehicle > transport goods in vehicle [verb (transitive)] drawc1300 freight1540 consign1653 run1701 haul1741 ship1857 travois1908 c1300 St. James Great (Laud) l. 185 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 39 Huy drowen þat bodi so mildeliche. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. l. 275 To drawe a-feld my donge. 1460 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 306 (MED) All carterys and carmen that usyth to drawe dung out of the towne. 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Biiij Two strengthles doues will draw me through the skie. View more context for this quotation 1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 256 They draw all their heavy Goods here on Sleds, or Sledges. 1798 W. Cowper Poems: On Receipt Mother's Picture 5 Where the gard'ner Robin..Drew me to school along the public way, Delighted with my bauble coach. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 137/1 A pair of such horses will draw a load in a cart sixteen miles and return. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 282 The farmers generally draw the hay and coals for the cottagers. 1996 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald Jrnl. 11 Sept. b2/5 Those..strangers who honk their car horns at him when he's drawing a load of manure on Morgan Road. 2014 G. C. Ó Catháin & P. Ahern Loneliest Boy in World vii. 177 Most days I set off with a donkey and cart to draw turf from An Maoilinn and from Páirc Ghiarra. †b. transitive. To use (an animal) to pull a plough or vehicle; to use (an animal) for draught. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1679 London Gaz. No. 1423/4 One brown bay Gelding..trots all, and hath been much drawn. 1721 London Gaz. No. 5996/10 A grey Nag, used to be drawn. 1770 C. Varlo New Syst. Husbandry III. vi. 113 They plough with four horses double, and a good many of them draw oxen. 1810 R. Parkinson Treat. Breeding & Managem. Live Stock I. p. iii As we were in the habit of drawing oxen, they continued growing till the time they were sent to market. 10. a. transitive. To pull (a curtain or blind) open or closed. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, conceal [verb (transitive)] > by drawing curtain drawc1330 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > uncover or remove covering from [verb (transitive)] > uncover and expose > remove (a covering cloth, etc.) drawc1330 undraw1677 withdraw1797 c1330 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Auch.) (1966) l. 529 To on bedde ȝhe haþ hem ibrowt... And Clarice drowȝ þe courtyn roum. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 182 The curteyns let draw þem þe bed round about; se his morter with wax or perchere þat it go not owt. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xiiii I drawe the curtyns to shewe my bokes then. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. i. 72 Such a man, so faint, so spirritlesse..Drew Priams curtaine in the dead of night. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. xxv. 36 When the curtens were drawne, all the people might see it. 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xii. 149 In a room with all the window-curtains drawn. 1891 Longman's Mag. Dec. 167 The sun had gone down, but the blinds had not been drawn. 1941 N. M. Gunn Silver Darlings xxi. 464 When it seemed his footsteps were gone from the night she drew the window-blind. 2010 Mercury (S. Africa) (Nexis) 21 May 8 When you get home, lock your doors, draw the curtains and disconnect the phone so you will not be disturbed. b. intransitive. Of a curtain: to be pulled open or closed so as to reveal or conceal something; to be drawn. ΚΠ 1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido i. sig. A2 (stage direct.) Here the Curtaines draw, there is discouered Iupiter dandling Ganimed vpon his knee, and Mercury lying asleepe. 1692 R. Howard Surprisal iii, in Five New Plays 20 (stage direct.) As soon as the Masque begins the Curtain draws, and Emilia appears. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 240. ⁋3 Getting into one of the Side-boxes on the Stage before the Curtain drew. 1894 Cornhill Mag. July 38 I remember a carriage..with curtains that drew in front of it. 1962 PMLA 77 224/1 The curtain draws to show Punch. 2017 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 18 Dec. 36 Before the curtain draws for the final time I've got to look into the faces of the people who put me here in the first place. 11. transitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to move (a person) away from a group of people in order to talk privately. Chiefly with aside, to one side (cf. side n.¹ Phrases 1h(c)). Cf. sense 48c. ΚΠ c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 260 As Charlys was in his greuance stondyng among his feren, & counsailede with þe grete of fraunce..Roland drow him a-side þare. ?a1518 H. Watson Ualentyne & Orson (1555) xi. sig. I.ii^v Ualentyne toke y^e preest and drewe hym asyde. And whan they were togyder Ualentyne sayd vnto hym [etc.]. 1634 G. Baker tr. A. Paré Apol. in T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xxix. 1166 The Prince..drew me to one side, and askt me if the wound was mortall. 1786 tr. in Edinb. Mag. Nov. 296/2 The next day, at the King's levee, the minister drew me into a corner, and whispered me that his Majesty had now recollected my name and my services. 1870 E. Peacock Ralf Skirlaugh III. 95 Drawing her father aside for an instant. 2012 Guardian 27 July 4/2 Some of the assembled leaders will be discreetly drawn aside for a brief encounter with David Cameron. 12. transitive. To pull up (a drawbridge). Now rare.to draw up is now the more common expression in this context (see, e.g., quot. 1869 for to draw up 1a at Phrasal verbs 1). ΚΠ c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 1205 (MED) Her drawebrigge hij drowen whate And shetten fast her gate. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 326 The gate was shut and the bridge drawen. 1646 W. Jenkyn Reformation's Remora 27 The bridge of mercy will ere long be drawn. 1678 M. D. tr. J. M. Wansleben Present State Egypt 184 They then draw the Bridge, and beat them off with Stones from the Plat-form. 1823 P. Donaldson Hist. William Wallace 28 Wallace and his men..seized the castle, shut the gate, drew the bridge, and permitted no one to go out or come in. 2006 G. Diedrichs Earthquake Shack xxxv. 245 Secure as a castle with its drawbridge drawn high and its ramparts impregnable. †13. intransitive. Of a hawk: to build its nest. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. aij We shall say that howkys doon draw when they bere tymbering to their nestes, and nott they beld ne make ther nestes. 14. transitive. To pull out (a latch or bolt) in order to unlock or open a door, gate, etc. Also: to push in (a bolt) in order to lock or close a door, gate, etc.See also to draw a sneck at sneck n.¹ 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > a door, gate, etc. > unlock, unbolt, etc. > draw (a bolt) drawa1500 slot1695 undraw1791 unslip1892 shoot1894 a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 139 I may thole the dray the snek. A, com in, my swetyng! 1510–13 Mery Geste of Frere & Boye sig. A.vii Some lepte ouer the hatche They had no tyme to drawe [a1475 Brogyntyn seche] the latche. 1685 Hist. Nicerotis 19 If the Boatmen were not ready, as soon the Bolt was drawn, to set their hands to it, and take it down. 1729 G. Jacob New Law-dict. O1/2 If a Thief unlocks a Door, or draws the Latch of a Room, to rob..these are a Breaking. 1857 Ballou's Dollar Monthly Mag. Feb. 109/2 The wife closed the door behind them and drew the bolt. 1869 W. Longman Hist. Edward III I. xvii. 318 He then drew the bolt, the door was opened. 1967 J. Singer & E. Gottleib tr. I. B. Singer Manor iii. xxviii. 425 She drew the bolt, unfastened the chain, and swung open the door. 2012 Dominion Post (Wellington, N.Z.) (Nexis) 29 Oct. 9 Moments later the sheriff raised a piece of folded white paper, the signal for the hangman to draw the bolt. †15. transitive. To sew together (two edges of a tear); to mend (a hole or tear in a garment). Cf. to draw up 3 at Phrasal verbs 1, fine-draw v. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > mend fabric or clothing to make againc1384 stop1480 draw1592 darnc1600 to draw up1603 fine-draw1665 plain-darn1880 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > sew > repair or mend draw1592 darnc1600 to draw up1603 ranter1607 fine-draw1665 clobber1851 plain-darn1880 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. G^v Haue they not a drawer..to drawe and seame vp the holes so cunningly that it shall neuer be espied? 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Rentraire,..also, to draw, dearne, or sow vp a rent in a garment. 1682 A. Marsh Ten Pleasures of Marriage ix. 164 To have a hole finely drawn that she had torn in her Petti-coat. 16. transitive. To pull out (an organ stop) by means of a stop-knob, lever, button, etc., in order to actuate a rank of pipes. Cf. draw stop n. at draw- comb. form 2. ΚΠ 1746 W. Tans'ur New Musical Gram. v. 63 By drawing several Registers, various Rows of Pipes are opened. 1851 W. Schneider Pract. Organ School xiv. 12/1 In drawing the stops, take them in the following order:..Open Diapason..Stopped Ditto [etc.]. 1881 Scribner's Monthly Feb. 583/2 If we bring on the full power of a great organ,—that is, draw all the so-called ‘stops’,—what do we hear? 1962 W. L. Sumner Organ (ed. 3) 373 The organist should draw the minimum number of stops to secure the effect which he wants. 1970 Musical Times Oct. 1011/1 When Mr Talsma does not draw too many stops, the organ sounds are fascinating. 17. transitive. Weaving. To insert (the threads of the warp) into the eyes of the heddles in the correct order, parallel to each other. ΚΠ 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xvi. 185 This [warp] being wound on a beam or roller, in the loom, the threads are drawn through a harness, consisting of loops formed by twine fixed to bars or frames. 1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 734/1 The warp..is drawn through the reed by an instrument called a sley or reed hook. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 979 [Textile Fabrics] As the operation of introducing the warp into any number of leaves [of heddles] is called drawing a warp, the plan of succession is called the ‘draught’. 1947 Study Agric. & Econ. Problems Cotton Belt: Hearings before Special Subcomm. Comm. Agric. House of Representatives (80th Congr., 1st Sess.) 143 Each individual warp thread must be drawn through a drop wire, through a harness eye or heddle, and through a slot in the reed known as a dent. 1982 P. R. Lord & M. H. Mohamed Weaving (1992) vii. 127 Drawing-in... This is the process of drawing every warp end through its drop wire, heddle eye and reed dent. 2004 E. G. Gilligan Woollen & Worsted Woven Fabric Design 54 In the drawing operation each individual warp end is drawn through the metal eye of a heald on any one of a number of shafts, in a predetermined order. Extended, abstract, or figurative uses in which there is no action of physically taking hold and pulling. 18.** transitive. To cause (a person or thing) to go from one place or position to another; to cause (someone or something) to go from one state or condition to another. Frequently in to draw (something) into: to cause (something) to become a part of. Now rare.See also to draw in(to) consequence at consequence n. 1b, to draw into memory at memory n. 2a.In quot. OE in the legal phrase to draw to hand to take possession of (land, property, etc.). ΚΠ OE Writ of Edward the Confessor, Bury St. Edmunds (Sawyer 1084) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 164 Gyf ænig mann sy þæt wylle ænig þæra socna him to handa drægen. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1127 Swa drane doð on hiue: eall þet þa beon dragen toward, swa frett þa drane & dragað fraward; swa dide he. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10392 Ne nohht ne draȝhe icc upp onn me. To beon bridgume. c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 2934 Antor..drouȝ Arthour to chirche swiþe And seyd to him priueliche þo [etc.]. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) Prol. l. 93 (MED) If I schal drawe in to my mynde The tyme passed. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 699 Lorde, þy seruaunt draȝ neuer to dome. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) §165 To..drawen in to memorie the goode werkes. 1425 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1425 §12. m. 3 And so þes cases be not like, ne aught not to be drawe into ensample... So hit semeth þis matier ne oughte to be drawen into ensample. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 628 He in bowrch hys landis drewch. 1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) v. 23 The wounde that drue hym toward to dethe. c1591 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) xxiii. 78 Grosse practises..to drawe the wealth of the land into his treasurie. 1608 Dispute Question of Kneeling 73 Kneeling..was not drawne into allowance and practise in the Church. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 90 Hee alters his intent, and drawes his forces against Rantas. 1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 853 With a Saving Clause, that it should not be drawn into Example. 1832 W. Irving Alhambra II. 22 He hastened to draw him from the seductions of the garden. 1967 G. Vidal Washington, D.C. iii. i. 91 It was Nillson who drew Clay to the fire. †19. transitive. To turn or direct (one's own heart, thought, speech, etc.) in a particular direction, to a particular object, etc. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) 16834 Þeȝȝ droȝhenn þeȝȝre spell Towarrd erþliȝ biȝæte. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 7556 Ȝif toward edgar aþeling eni is herte drou..him huld þo stille ynou. a1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) i. 161 (MED) Dowtyr, I haue drawe þe lofe of þin hert fro alle mennys hertys in-to myn hert. 1676 tr. L. de Blois Mirrour for Monkes vi. 126 If he often persist by this meanes to drawe his heart to the love of God,..he may be able to separate himselfe from creatures. †20. transitive. To endure, undergo (pain, suffering, etc.). Cf. dree v. 2a. Obsolete.In quots. chiefly with reference to Christ's suffering.Quot. OE shows comparable use of ydraw v.; compare discussion in the etymology section. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [verb (transitive)] > of Christ: suffer drawc1225 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. ix. 20 Mulier quae sanguinis fluxum patiebatur duodecim annis : wif ðiu blodes flouing uel iorning geðolade uel gedrog tuelf uinter uel tuelf ger.] c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) l. 358 Oþe pine ant tedeð þet he droh for mon. c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 690 Teonen ant tintreohen þe alre meast derue þet ei deadlich flesch mahe drehen ant drahen. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 108 For þe luue of him þe droch [a1250 Nero dreih] mare for þe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16989 Þe pine he for me drou [Gött. dregh]. †21. transitive. With to. To change or convert (a thing) into something else; e.g. to exchange (goods) for money, to formalize (custom) as law. Also: to cause (a person or thing) to become something specified or have a given status; to make into something. Obsolete.Quot. ?a1400 could alternatively be interpreted as showing a use of sense 32b, but it seems more likely to belong here. ΚΠ ?c1225 Ancrene Riwle (Cleo.: Scribe B) (1972) 308 Wummon..schal wrihen hir[e] heauet. wrihen..naut wimplin. wrihen ha schal hire scheome..& naut drah[e] þet wriheles te tiffung & te prude. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 705 Al he solde..That he eure selle moucte, And al he to þe peni drou. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 9652 Þe king drou to riȝte lawe mani luþer costome. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 13481 He..His wife tille his hore gon drawe. 1655 R. Turner tr. Paracelsus Supreme Myst. Nature ii. v. 18 Somtimes the Glass appeareth as if it were almost drawn into Gold. †22. transitive. With on, upon, to. To summon and use (courage, strength, etc.) for oneself. Also (in negative sense): to conceive or give oneself over to (a thought, wickedness, etc.). Obsolete. ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7380 Þa weoren inn Bruttene Bruttes swiðe balde: heo droȝen on heom muchel mod, & duden al þat heom þuhte god. a1425 (?a1400) Cloud of Unknowing (Harl. 674) (1944) 37 (MED) Ȝif þis þouȝt þat þou þus drawest apon þee or elles resceyuest..& þat þou restest þee þus in wiþ delite..þan it is Pride. c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 29 (MED) I drow to me þe myght of my corage. ?1555 T. Paynell tr. J. L. Vives Office of Husband sig. x.i^v He that is of a noble nature & courage doeth take & drawe strength vnto him. 1578 W. Hopkinson in tr. T. de Bèze Euident Display Popish Pract. 107 The wickednesse whyche by hys [sc. man's] defection hee hathe drawen to hymself. 1615 R. Brathwait Loves Labyrinth 77 in Strappado Thysbe address'd to die, yet long in dying, Draws courage to her, & that blade espying.., Takes it into her hand. †23. transitive. To render (a text) into another language or style of writing; to translate. Chiefly with into. Obsolete (archaic in later use).See also to draw out 2b at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] setc888 wendeOE turnc1175 writec1275 drawa1325 translatea1375 expound1377 takea1382 interpret1382 transpose1390 remue?a1400 renderc1400 put?a1425 to draw outa1450 reducec1450 compile1483 redige?1517 make1529 traducea1533 traduct1534 converta1538 do1561 to set out1597 transcribe1639 throw1652 metaphrase1868 versionize1874 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 13 Ut of latin ðis song is dragen On engleis speche. a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 32 (MED) In-til englishe þus I draw hit. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) 1st Prol. 2 I haue drawen youre legende and all youre seruyce in to Englyshe. 1554 in Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Fourth Bk. Aeneas (title page) The fourth Boke of Virgill..translated into Englishe, and drawen into straunge metre. 1570 G. Fenton (title) A Discourse of Ciuile warres..in Fraunce, drawne into Englishe. 1879 T. F. Simmons Lay Folks Mass Bk. 332 In the middle of the fifteenth century we find a Lollard complaining that the gospels drawn into English by worshipful Bede were ‘in many places of so old englishe that scant can anye englishe man reade them’. 1926 G. R. Woodward (title) A certain of Æsop's Fables. Drawn into English verse by the Reverend G. R. Woodward. †24. a. transitive. To appeal to (something) for confirmation; to call upon as an authority or precedent; to produce as evidence. With to, as in to draw something to witness, to draw something to warrant (see warrant n.¹ 5a). Cf. to draw forth 1b at Phrasal verbs 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > bring forward as evidence to draw forthc1175 showa1325 drawc1330 allaya1387 to avouch a thing upon (a person)1393 allegea1398 adduce?a1425 induce1433 recite1509 infera1529 vouch1531 cite1550 avouch1573 relate1604 instance1608 rejourn1624 quote1663 abduce1720 invoke1879 c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1539 Ȝif he durst fiȝt..He wold proue it anouȝ..To his waraunt he drouȝ His schippe and al his pride. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14651 Him drau i me to mi warand. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. pr. iii. l. 191 Eueryche of hem wolde drawen to þe defence of his oppinioun þe wordes of socrates. a1450 York Plays (1885) 388 (MED) Sen þe liste allegge þe lawes, Þou schalte be atteynted..For þo þat þou to wittenesse drawes, Full even agaynste þe will be-gynne. 1532 Romaunt Rose in Wks. G. Chaucer f. cxxviii/1 This maye I drawe to warraunt An authour, that hight Macrobes. c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. 85 To witnes dar I draw Venus. b. transitive. To assign a particular meaning or intention to (words, a statement, etc.); esp. to distort or misrepresent the meaning of (words). Typically with a prepositional phrase introduced by to, specifying the imputed meaning or intention. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > pervert or distort [verb (transitive)] crooka1340 deprave1382 pervertc1390 strainc1449 drawc1450 miswrest?a1475 bewrya1522 wry?1521 to make a Welshman's hose ofa1529 writhea1533 wrest1533 invert1534 wring?1541 depravate1548 rack1548 violent1549 wrench1549 train1551 wreathe1556 throw1558 detorta1575 shuffle1589 wriggle1593 distortc1595 to put, set, place, etc. on the rack1599 twine1600 wire-draw1610 monstrify1617 screw1628 corrupt1630 gloss1638 torture1648 force1662 vex1678 refract1700 warp1717 to put a force upon1729 twist1821 ply1988 c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 25 (MED) The epicurus and þe stoycienus..drew his wordes to þaire entencioun Of þeire opinatiue felicite. 1554 Bp. T. Watson Twoo Notable Serm. ii. sig. Pv^v Some haue drawen it to y^e spirituall inwarde sacrifices of good mens harts: but in y^e vnderstanding thei be ouerthrowen, for the place speaketh precisely of one sacrifice. 1629 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. (ed. 5) xxxvii. sig. H1 Whatsoeuer you speak, he will draw to bawdry. 1678 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. (ed. 2) 162 Ione's as good as my Lady in the dark, Λύχνου ἀρθέντος γυνή πᾶσα ἡ αὐτὴ, Erasmus draws this to another sense, viz. There is no woman chast where there is no witness: but I think he mistakes the intent of it, which is the same with ours. 1710 J. Swift Tale of Tub (ed. 5) Apol. sig. A5 Passages which prejudiced or ignorant Readers have drawn by great Force to hint at ill Meanings. 1742 L. Brown tr. J. B. Bossuet Hist. Variations Protestant Churches I. viii. 399 Calvin, drawing to his own sense the words, by which Melancthon separated the Bread from the Body of our Lord. c. transitive. To attribute (something) to a person or thing. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > attribution or assignment of cause > assign to a cause [verb (transitive)] titleOE aretc1340 witena1375 witnea1375 reta1382 depute1382 wite1382 seta1387 layc1425 expoundc1430 imputec1480 attribue1481 assign1489 reckon1526 attribute1530 count1535 allot?1556 draw1578 object1613 prefer1628 entitle1629 implya1641 to score (something) on1645 intitule1651 put1722 to put down1723 charge1737 own1740 place1802 to set down1822 affiliate1823 1578 T. Tymme tr. J. Calvin Comm. Genesis 177 Paul draweth the same to all mortal men in all ages. 1591 H. Smith Pride Nabuchadnezzar 14 This is our manner, to attribute all to our selues, whatsoeuer it bee, riches, or honors, or helth, or knowledg, as if all came by labour, or pollicie, or art, or nature: if we cannot drawe it to one of these, then we thinke it fortune. 25. a. transitive. To cause (a part of the body) to shrink or contract; to pull (the mouth, face, etc.) out of shape; to distort. Now somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > contract or shrink inknitc1374 drawc1390 shrinka1398 strain1398 to shorten up1530 contrahe1540 to gather up1553 to draw in1572 contract1604 constringe1652 purse1668 constrain1697 undistend1868 collapse1908 the world > space > shape > misshapenness > put out of shape [verb (transitive)] > distort > by pulling drawc1390 c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Vernon) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 360 (MED) For þe peyne..al þe bodi drouȝ þer-touward. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 99 Þe crampe..in þe which sijknes cordis & þe senewis weren drawen to her bigynnynge. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1074 So þat þe synnes in his ham..was drawen samen. 1570 T. Preston Lament. from Rome (single sheet) Poll nose rube eye, Grash the teth drawe mouth awrye. a1691 R. Boyle Gen. Hist. Air (1692) 82 His mouth was so drawn awry, that 'twas hideous to behold. 1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal ii. ii. 19 She draws her mouth till it resembles the apperture of a poor-box. 1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia I. iii. 55 Hardly daring to draw a wry face at any thing offered them. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vii. 148 With all their foreheads drawn in Roman scowls. 1892 Cassell's Family Mag. Apr. 279/1 Artificial teeth..are apt to draw the mouth. 1952 M. Tripp Faith is Windsock i. 19 Even in 1939—he was sixteen then—a faint uneasiness had drawn his stomach. 2008 V. Morris Our Lady of Pain (2015) (e-book, accessed 23 Apr. 2019) xxvii The cold drew his nipples to tiny dots. b. intransitive. To shrink or contract. Now somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > become reduced in size or extent [verb (intransitive)] > contract or shrink shrimc1000 shrinkc1275 to draw togethera1398 gather1577 coact1578 to fall together1583 draw1615 contract1648 to run up1838 to take up1860 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια vi. iv. 351 Because euery Muscle drawes according to the course of his Fibres, therefore least the ribs in their oblique motion should ioyn close together, the intercostal Muscles..are framed double..that with their contrary fibres they might intersect themselues. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §34 I haue not yet found certainly, that the Water it selfe..will shrinke or draw into lesse Roome. a1922 T. S. Eliot Waste Land Drafts (1971) 107 Her hands behind her hair And the firelight shining where the muscles drew. 1978 A. J. Offutt & R. K. Lyon Demon in Mirror vi. 62 The man's dyed skin drew and wrinkled above and below the grip of dead fingers. 26. transitive. Mathematics. To subject (a number) to any of various arithmetical operations; esp. †to add (to, together) (obsolete); †to subtract (out of) (obsolete); †to multiply (into, in); to extract (with out) (the factor or root of a number) (now rare). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > add or sum suma1387 drawc1392 to lay togethera1400 add?c1425 foot1491 confer1552 to add up1611 total1716 sum1740 tot1770 to run up1830 summate1880 the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > subtract to do awayOE drawc1392 to take out of ——a1398 to take offa1400 withdrawc1400 subtray?c1425 ydraw?c1425 surtretec1440 to take away?1537 rebate1543 subtract1543 subduct?1556 substra?1558 pull?a1560 subduce?a1560 substract1559 to pull back?1574 difference1658 take1798 minus1963 the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > multiply multiplya1400 leadc1430 to multiply into1542 augment?a1560 draw1660 multiply1709 multiplicate1947 times1962 c1392 Equatorie of Planetis 44 (MED) I say wel þt I myht nat drawe 20 degres owt of 8 degres ne 42 minutis owt of 13 mia. ?c1425 Crafte Nombrynge in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 20 (MED) Drav þat 1 to 6..& þat 1 & þat 6 togedur wel be 7. c1450 Art Nombryng in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 46 (MED) Me shalle se..what it is to draw out the rote of a nombre. 1552 R. Record Ground of Artes (rev. ed.) i. sig. Eiiij Then come I to the fourth place and draw 7 out of 8, and there remaineth 1. 1647 R. Wood tr. W. Oughtred Key Math. 123 If the Side 15 multiplied Quadrato-quadraticly, be drawn into 25. 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 29 Draw 3 into 4, there will be produced 12. 1702 V. Mandey tr. J. J. Hainlin Synopsis Mathematica: Theoret. Arithm. i. 13 Two Numbers given, to multiply one by the other, or to draw one into the other [L. vel unum in alterum ducere]. 1811 C. Hutton Course Math. II. 291 The fluxion of..the continual product of four..quantities..consisting of the fluxion of each quantity, drawn into the products of the other three. 1847 D. O'Gorman New & Expeditious Method for Extracting Square Root (ed. 2) 108 Place the root thus found drawn into the index of the power beneath. 1948 O. Ore Number Theory & Hist. (1988) iv. 51 If n₁ is composite, one can draw out a further prime factor n₁=p₂n₂, and this process can be continued with the decreasing numbers n₁, n₂,.until some n_k becomes a prime. †27. Cookery. a. transitive. To pass (food) through a strainer. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > strain or sift siftc725 strainc1386 drawa1425 sieve1499 tammy1903 rice1904 a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 5 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 98 (MED) Drawe the grewel thurgh a straynour. a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 13 Draw þe same brothe þorwe a straynoure. ?a1547 Ten Recipes Henry VIII in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. ix. 227 Drawe the pulpe of them thorough a strayner. 1675 Accomplish'd Lady's Delight 23 You may boil eight or nine Lemmons or Oranges, with four or five Pippins, and draw them through a strainer. b. transitive. To mix (ingredients) together to form a paste or liquid; to combine (an ingredient) with another to form a paste or liquid. Cf. to draw up 2 at Phrasal verbs 1, drawn butter n. at drawn adj. Compounds 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > mix ally1381 allaya1425 drawa1425 to draw upa1425 fold1915 blend1936 a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 52 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 109 Take almaundes iblaunched and drawe hem sumdell thicke with gode broth. a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 15 (MED) Take almondes unblanched and grynd hom smalle, Drawȝe hom with water. 1749 C. Carter London & Country Cook (ed. 3) 16 Serve it up with butter drawn with cream, gravy, or claret. 28. transitive. To construct (a ditch, canal, wall, etc.) from one point to another. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > build or construct [verb (transitive)] > construct from one point to another draw1480 1480 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 60/2 He suld nocht draw the said myl damme throu the saide landis. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 169^v With dykes so depe draghen a boute. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 89 A nauigable ditch or cut, drawn out of the Nile. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 377 From this Lake they draw a Channell that sets certain Leather-Engines at worke. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 37 From the first Point a Curtain is drawn with a Parapet. 1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire iii. 36 Julius Caesar, with one legion, drew a wall from the lake of Geneva to Mount Jura. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 26 A navigable canal has been drawn lately from Kiel..to the river Eyder. 1912 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 20 819 In the spring of 1858, David K. Wall drew a tiny ditch from Clear Creek near the gold diggings then in progress. 1951 Sc. Hist. Rev. 30 125 The frontier line was marked by a..shallow ditch drawn between these points..marked at each end by a dressed stone. 29. a. transitive. Of a ship or boat: to require (a specified depth of water) for floating. Also intransitive with adverb, as in to draw deep. Also figurative. [Of uncertain motivation. Probably originally with reference to displacement. Compare French tirer, literally ‘to draw’, in similar use (apparently not found in this sense in Middle French).] ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > have qualities or attributes [verb (transitive)] > draw a certain amount drawc1487 c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica iv. 266 Vessailes as cary over thise myghty and grete eliphauntes, what for that they drawe depe, and moche high of bourde..they stonde in grete ieopardie of the said see. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 7 The smauler vesselles which drewe no great depthe [L. quibus non magno opus erat fundo], entered. 1590 E. Webbe Rare & Wonderfull Things (new ed.) sig. C^v She drawes but xi. foote water. 1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. i. sig. B4 You may easily sound what depth of witts they drawe. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 261 Light boates saile swift, though greater hulkes draw deepe. View more context for this quotation 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. xi. 54 The Ships that drawes most water are commonly the most wholsome. a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 5 Two feet more water than the ship drew. 1782 W. Gilpin Observ. River Wye (1789) 59 Our barge drawing too much water to pass the shallows. 1892 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 151 321/2 Steamers for the Zambesi..should not draw over 18 inches. 1984 Pract. Boat Owner Feb. 52/2 Voortrekker..draws eight and a half feet. 2003 M. Kraak & F. Ormeling Cartography (ed. 2) iii. 43/2 If a ship draws only 3 m, then all the depth information beyond the 3 m isobath can be omitted. †b. transitive. Of a trench or channel: to contain (water of a certain depth). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 132 There be certaine trenches or channels in it that draw deepe water, wherein they may without danger saile. 30. a. transitive. Curling. To play (a stone or shot) so as to finish within or touching the scoring area or house (house n.¹ 12b). Also intransitive. Cf. draw n. 5d(b). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > curling > curl [verb (transitive)] > actions ride1771 draw1787 guard1787 strike1811 hog1822 inwick1823 outwick1830 promote1937 1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 150 He was the king o' a' the Core, To guard, or draw, or wick a bore. 1893 Manitoba Daily Free Press 20 Mar. 5/3 Mr. Pedley drew a stone into centre ice, which Dr. Bryce failed to dislodge. 1923 G. Rae Langsyne iv Set this brush with the out-turn, and draw the shot. 1986 Toronto Star (Nexis) 11 Feb. e5 Lyle Muyres of Humboldt drew to an empty house with his final stone. 2014 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 12 Feb. Edin needed just to draw his stone into the four-foot ring with his final effort, but the team over-swept and the stone went farther than expected. b. transitive. Cricket. Of a batter: to strike (a ball) from the off to the leg side, especially by using a slight turn of the bat; (also) to deflect (a ball) so that it passes between the wicket and one's legs (cf. draw n. 5a). Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (transitive)] > hit > hit with specific stroke take1578 stop1744 nip1752 block1772 drive1773 cut1816 draw1816 tip1816 poke1836 spoon1836 mow1844 to put up1845 smother1845 sky1849 crump1850 to pick up1851 pull1851 skyrocket1851 swipe1851 to put down1860 to get away1868 smite1868 snick1871 lift1874 crack1882 smack1882 off-drive1888 snip1890 leg1892 push1893 hook1896 flick1897 on-drive1897 chop1898 glance1898 straight drive1898 cart1903 edge1904 tonk1910 sweep1920 mishook1934 middle1954 square-drive1954 tickle1963 square-cut1976 slash1977 splice1982 paddle1986 1816 W. Lambert Instr. & Rules Cricket 34 Always endeavour to hit the Ball on the same side on which it is bowled, and not draw it across the play. 1843 ‘Wykhamist’ Pract. Hints Cricket 13 A leg-ball pitching between these lines should be drawn or played under-leg. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. viii. 392 Nothing but that turn of the wrist could have saved him, and he drew it away to leg for a safe one. 1888 Baily's Monthly Mag. Mar. 50 Putting his bat where his leg was and ‘drawing the ball’ behind him. 1931 Times 14 July 6/3 He drew a ball outside his off-stump round wide of mid-on for 4. c. transitive. Golf. Originally: to hit (the ball) in an uncontrolled manner so that it moves widely to the left (or to the right, in the case of a left-handed player); = hook v. 8c. Later: to hit the (the ball) in a controlled manner so that it curves to the left (or to the right, in the case of a left-handed player). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > play golf [verb (transitive)] > type of play or stroke drive1743 draw1842 heel1857 hook1857 loft1857 founder1878 to top a ball1881 chip1889 duff1890 pull1890 slice1890 undercut1891 hack1893 toe1893 spoon1896 borrow1897 overdrive1900 trickle1902 bolt1909 niblick1909 socket1911 birdie1921 eagle1921 shank1925 explode1926 bird1930 three-putt1946 bogey1948 double-bogey1952 fade1953 1842 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 8 Oct. 298/3 Then he may stand unfair, or he may draw his stroke, and thereby send the ball off the course. 1893 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 8 Apr. 156/3 Let him draw the ball or heel it, and the chances are he will drop into a lakelet. 1902 in W. W. Tulloch Tom Morris (1908) 10 With what..cunning he would, of purpose, heel or draw a ball with the object of getting round a hazard. 1977 Golf Digest July 122 I have to learn to hit the ball lower when I have to—to draw..the ball at will. 2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 13 June (Sports section) 8/5 I felt like this week I hit some really good shots... I..could draw the ball really well. d. transitive. Bowls. To cause (a bowl) to travel in a curve to a chosen spot. Also intransitive: (of a bowl) to travel in this way. Cf. draw n. 5d(a). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > bowls or bowling > play bowls [verb (transitive)] > types of play bias1641 draw1868 trail1908 1868 ‘S. Daryl’ Routledge's Handbk. Quoits & Bowls 37 It is sometimes judicious to anticipate their play by causing a back bowl to be drawn in the direction the Jack is most likely to go. 1910 Encycl. Brit. III. 348/1 Should the jack be driven towards the side boundary, it is legitimate for a player to cause his bowl to draw outside of the dividing string. 2002 Times 17 Jan. 36/6 After Bond drew the shot about four feet from the ditch, Gourlay's last bowl was wrecked. 31. transitive. Billiards. To cause (a ball) to recoil as if pulled back, after striking another ball. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [verb (transitive)] > play (the ball) in specific way hazard1674 string1680 miss1746 pocket1756 hole1803 spot1844 nurse1850 draw1860 pot1860 hold1869 dribble1873 fluke1881 scratch1909 1860 Daily Argus & Democrat (Madison, Wisconsin) 26 Oct. His skill in drawing the ball was wonderful. 1897 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Morning Jrnl. 17 Oct. 10/3 I once saw the Frenchman make the opening shot of billiards by a direct draw several times in succession on a wager, and no better illustration of his powers at drawing a ball could be given than that. 2010 N. Leider Pool & Billiards for Dummies ix. 111 While learning how to draw the cue ball is no piece of cake, you've got a lot of possibilities as far as position after you learn how. II. Senses relating to attraction; to draw in or together. 32. a. transitive. To cause (the mind, eyes, attention, etc.) to become directed at or focused on a particular thing. Frequently with to.See also to draw off 4 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw away 3b at Phrasal verbs 1. ΚΠ eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lvi. 431 Hit [sc. ðæt mod] mon drægð swa hit ne gefret, ðonne ðonne hit iernð on ða unaliefedan unðeawas. c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 479 Forte drahen his luue towart hire. c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) l. 1434 (MED) An ȝunling not hwat swuch þing is: His ȝunge blod hit draȝeþ amis. c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 145 (MED) Þe feste wol make his flesch to ris, And drawe his herte to vanite. c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 3 He myght drawe to hym the hertys of many oone ther, yn spectaclis,..yn playes and othir courtly mokkys and trifyllys. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 2 Þe synne of þe heldar man drawiþ not be his ensaumple þe hertis of þe ȝungar in to deþ. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 358 They drawe the mindes of the people into an admiration. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 308 His look Drew audience and attention still as Night. View more context for this quotation 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 15. ¶5 To draw the Eyes of the World upon her. 1791 R. Sadler Wanley Penson III. viii. 224 I was returning up the lane..when a groan from an adjacent rick-barton drew my attention. 1849 E. E. Napier Excursions Southern Afr. II. 95 My attention being drawn to the spot, I saw an animal. 1884 L. J. Jennings in Croker Papers I. vi. 154 A great bereavement..drew his mind from public affairs. 1908 E. Booth Love is All 26 A touch upon my arm, drawing my notice to the attracted attention of the whole room to my presence. 2002 H. Habila Waiting for Angel (2003) 40 Sudden loud shouts draw my eyes to the street. 2017 Daily Tel. 18 Apr. 14/1 As a nation, we Britons are shy about drawing attention to ourselves. b. transitive. Chiefly with adverb or prepositional phrase expressing direction. To induce or influence (a person) to come to a place or join in a venture; to lead or turn (a person) to or from a particular condition or course of action; to exert an attraction on (a person).See also to draw away 3a at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw in 4 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw on 4 at Phrasal verbs 1.In quot. a1475 intransitive with object implied. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)] teec888 tightc1000 drawc1175 tollc1220 till?c1225 ticec1275 bringc1300 entice1303 win1303 wina1340 tempt1340 misdrawa1382 wooa1387 lure1393 trainc1425 allurea1450 attract?a1475 lock1481 enlure1486 attice1490 allect1518 illect?1529 wind1538 disarm1553 call1564 troll1565 embait1567 alliciate1568 slock1594 enamour1600 court1602 inescate1602 fool1620 illure1638 magnetize1658 trepana1661 solicit1665 whistle1665 drill1669 inveigh1670 siren1690 allicit1724 wisea1810 come-hither1954 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10115 Her droh iohan bapptisste wel. Þe leode wiþþ hiss lare. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 53 To draȝen lechurs to ham. c1300 St. Andrew (Harl.) l. 24 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 543 Ertou Andreu..þat meni dai haþ igo & idrawe men to þi false god. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 369 (MED) Þe þre Sirenes..drowȝ [?a1475 anon. tr. drawede] to hemward schipmen. a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 1291 (MED) Welthe drawes a man fra þe right way. a1475 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Cambr. Gg.1.16) (1997) iii. lix. 135 Grace draweþ to God and to vertues. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in Panoplie Epist. 98 I was drawn and allured ther vnto through the liberal disposition of my wil. 1615 J. Stephens Satyrical Ess. sig. Avj^v [They] have..hanged their bills up to drawe customers. 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xii. 59 The people are drawne to their churches more for the delight of the musick. 1712 Boston News-let. 25 Mar. 2/1 The French were also endeavouring to draw the Chickesaw Indians unto them. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 536 No art was spared which could draw Monmouth from retreat. 1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. iii. 44 It is wonderful, though, how you feel drawn to a man who feeds you well. 1936 M. R. Anand Coolie (1993) v. 274 In one hut, a crowd of coolies were singing hill songs to the tune of a dholki, and he felt drawn towards it. 1994 Canad. Living Mar. (insert pp. 122–123) She was drawn to the house because of the wonderful light and feeling of space. c. transitive. To induce or influence (a person) to do something. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something procurea1325 draw1425 inducec1450 draw1531 obtain1558 reduce?a1560 weighc1571 charma1592 obtain1606 bias1660 gain1681 import1825 wangle1926 1425 (a1400) Speculum Christiani (Lansd.) (1933) 111 As to..what þinge drawis a man to ordeine his wille to goddis wille. þere are .IIII. þingis. 1442 in A. T. Bannister Reg. Thome Spofford (1919) 251 (MED) The grete causes the whiche drowe, meved, and stured you..for to leve the said cloyster. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 205 The Spencers had so drawne the king to doe and consent to whatsoever they required. 1592 P. Moffett Comm. Prouerbes Salomon vi. 59 Now Salomon commeth to warne his sonne, that he be not drawne to go astray by any prouocations vnto vnchastitie. 1639 S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 13 I say not this..to draw you to desire me for your wife. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 472 Ahaz his sottish Conquerour, whom he drew Gods Altar to disparage. View more context for this quotation 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music xiii. 231 When I am drawn to attend more to the Singer than to what is Sung. 1892 Argosy May 359 When he had drawn me to love him. 1930 Northern Standard (Darwin) 7 Oct. 3/4 Singapore Ants... Anything smellful will draw them to concentrate upon it in straight lines from their nookeries. 2010 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 9 Apr. 7/5 I was drawn to remark how many of my bulbs are ‘blind’ this year, by which I mean to say that they have plenty of leaves but no flowers. d. transitive. With into. To induce (a person) to do something; to involve (a person) in a particular situation or course of action. Frequently in passive, as in to get drawn into: to become reluctantly or inadvertently involved in a particular situation or course of action. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something procurea1325 draw1425 inducec1450 draw1531 obtain1558 reduce?a1560 weighc1571 charma1592 obtain1606 bias1660 gain1681 import1825 wangle1926 1531 W. Tyndale Answere Mores Dialoge f. xvi He forgeueth them also all the mocions vn to synne of which they feare lest they shuld therby be drawen in to synne agayne. 1601 in T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia (1633) ii. iii. 140 The intent of Sir Thomas Norris being knowen, the feare and terrification thereof drew me into this action. 1781 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 396 He endeavoured to draw him into telling the Tale. 1892 Harper's Mag. May 952/2 It takes people of steady heads to live there now and not get drawn into the great currents of society which swirl around them. 1906 W. S. Churchill Speech in House of Commons in Times 22 Mar. 7/5 I hope I shall not be drawn by that association into imitating..the protracted, superlative, and, I think, rather laboured exhibition..with which he has occupied the attention of the House. 1981 R. Oliver & M. Crowder Cambr. Encycl. Afr. 161/2 This commitment drew French officials into growing conflict with the proudly independent and militarily formidable Fon kingdom of Abomey. 1999 Financial Times 9 Oct. (FT Weekend section) p. xxiii/4 A Hollywood screenwriter..gets drawn into a nightmare world of violence and seduction. 2004 Wired Sept. 129/2 The liberating power of post-party politics has its limits: it's still easy to get drawn into partisan sniping. e. intransitive. To exert an influence on a person or group of people; esp. to prove an attraction; to attract crowds. Cf. draw n. 15. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > attention > attracting attention > arouse attention [verb (intransitive)] > attract crowds draw1871 a1721 M. Prior Turtle & Sparrow (1723) 7 Come on, I'll tell you my Amours; Who knows but they may influence Yours? Example draws where Precept fails, And Sermons are less read than Tales. 1871 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 375 Mr. Emerson always draws. 1884 Fortn. Rev. Nov. 703 Lord Randolph Churchill..is sure to ‘draw’ enormously wherever he goes. 1903 Pearson's Mag. Nov. 513/2 Bellringing didn't seem to take very well; it was out of date, or other people did it better... But my act drew well, and it always saved our turn. 1969 Rolling Stone 28 June 28/1 In a state where casino-Country acts draw terribly, the Judy Lynn Show is the longest running club act of any kind in Nevada. 2018 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 23 June (Arts section) The East Coast version of the event showcases popular and emerging acts that might not draw well enough outside South Korea to independently tour the States on their own. 33. †a. transitive. To become covered or affected with (rust). Obsolete. ΚΠ ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 125 Ne beo neauer or swa bricht þet hit ne schal draȝen rust of an þet is irusted. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) iv. xxxiv. f. lxxxiij Bras..draweth soone ruste. b. transitive. To attract by a physical force, especially magnetism or gravity. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards or approach (a thing, place, or person) [verb (transitive)] > bring near > draw towards or attract drawa1387 attire1549 attract1589 accrete1664 invite1671 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 25 Þe water wolde drawe [L. attraheret] hem violentliche toward þe pond. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. lxii. 857 Þis stone magnes..haþ vertue of drawyng of iren. And þere ben mounteyns of suche stones, and þerfore þey drawe to hem and breken schippes þat ben ynayled wiþ iren. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cix. 371 The Adamant drew so sore the Iron. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. v. 97 A certaine attracted fume drawne vp on hie by the operation of the Sunne. a1711 T. Ken Preparatives for Death in Wks. (1721) IV. 64 The Magnetism of Heav'nly Love, Draws some to God above. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 4 That of attraction, which draws them towards the sun; and..impulsion, which drives them strait forward into the great void of space. 1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 63 Steel, through opposing plates the Magnet draws, And steelly atoms culls from dust and straws. 1880 ‘E. Kirke’ Life J. A. Garfield 25 As the rod draws the electricity from the air. 1978 Hi-Fi News Sept. 130/1 (advt.) Not unlike a common magnet attracting iron particles, static scavenges and draws dust particles onto the record surface. 2014 H. D. Curtis Orbital Mech. for Engin. Students (ed. 3) i. 16 The force of gravity draws a freely falling object toward the center of attraction (e.g., center of the earth) with an acceleration g. 34. a. (a) transitive. To take (air, smoke, etc.) into the lungs; to breathe (a substance) in; to inhale.See also to draw in 2 at Phrasal verbs 1, breath n. Phrases 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > inhalation > inhale [verb (transitive)] to suck inc1220 drawa1300 inbreathea1382 to draw ina1398 to take in1495 inhaust1547 fetch1552 fet1556 imbreathe1574 to breathe in1576 attract1582 suck?1614 inspirate1615 imbibe1621 inspire1666 redistend1684 inhale1725 embreathe1867 indraw1883 a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 272 For to bilirten fuȝeles. Ne stereð ȝe noȝt..ne draȝeð ȝe non onde. c1330 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Auch.) l. 38 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 116 Vnneþe he miȝt drawe his fnast. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 217 (MED) Þan þe pacient schal not swolowe adoun his mete, ne drawe wel his breeþ. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 17 He drough his breth lyke as one sholde haue deyde. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 199 He na mocht His aynd bot with gret panys draw. ?1543 T. Phaer tr. J. Goeurot Regiment of Lyfe iv. f. xxvi^v Great heate in the breaste..is quenched..in drawynge colde ayre. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. sig. Avi^v/2 Orthopnoicke, are those that have the disease Orthopnoea, which is a difficultie of drawing their wind, unlesse they sit upright. 1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 23 in Justa Edouardo King [Sheep] Swoln with wind, and the rank mist they draw, Rot inwardly. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. iii. 13 Alciphron..stopt to draw breath and recover himself. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 28 I ne'er before..Have ever drawn your mountain air. 1862 Temple Bar Sept. 223 John Mellish drew a deep breath. 1953 R. Mais Hills were Joyful Together i. xi. 111 He took the spliff and lit up, dragged long at it, drawing the smoke deep down into his lungs. 1988 D. Allison Trash 112 I drew another deep lungful of the sweet smoke. 2010 S. Damsgaard Seventh Witch 2 The old woman wheezed as her thin chest rose and fell in her struggle to draw air. (b) transitive. To cause (a flow of air) to be sucked into a chimney, pipe, room, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > set (air) in motion [verb (transitive)] > suck air from to suck at1584 draw1634 1634 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man ii. vi. 125 It is a pipe by the which the lunges as bellowes draw the ayre, for the refreshing of the heart. 1799 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 4 304 A ventilator within drew fresh air through one of the air pipes, and discharged it into the lower part of the vessel. 1937 Amer. Home Apr. 159/1 (advt.) Radi-heater draws fresh air from outdoors. Does away with drafts. 2005 New Scientist 16 Apr. 53/2 It was essentially a building with labyrinthine walls and a chimney to draw warm, moist air from outside into the cool interior. (c) intransitive. Of a chimney, cigar, pipe, etc.: to allow air to be sucked through it so that successful combustion can occur. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > smoke [verb (intransitive)] > draw (of a pipe) draw1725 smoke1883 the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > move (of air) [verb (intransitive)] > produce current of air > of a chimney or pipe draw1725 1725 G. Smith Compl. Body Distilling i. 77 Take care to have your Stove-chimney..pretty often swept or clean'd..to make your flew, or kiln Chimney, draw the better. 1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 269 Some chimney that draws well. 1827 W. Clarke Every Night Bk. 88 All this is avoided by retaining the twist on the end of your cigar. ‘But how do you make it draw?’ 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple II. xviii. 306 The fire does not draw well. 1883 Cambr. Staircase 100 His pipe requiring to be prodded to make it draw. 1977 M. Girouard Sweetness & Light v. 99 His chimneys drew, his drains worked. 2006 Countryman Dec. 29/2 The fire was drawing well and was too good to leave and so I decided to keep it company for another hour or so. (d) intransitive. To take a deep pull or drag at or on a cigarette, pipe, etc. Also (and in earliest use) transitive: to inhale smoke from or suck on (a cigarette, pipe, etc.) (now rare). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > smoke [verb (intransitive)] whiff1602 smoke1617 to blow (raise obs.) a cloud1699 drawa1774 smook1805 blow1808 to have (or take) a smoke1835 tobacconize1876 shoch1898 inhale1933 fag1940 to have a burn1941 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > use as material for smoking [verb (transitive)] > inhale takec1175 drink1601 drawa1774 pull1837 drag1919 inhale1933 a1774 O. Goldsmith tr. P. Scarron Comic Romance (1775) II. xvi. 126 He had not proceeded half a league, still drawing his empty pipe, when the fumes of the wine mounted all at once into his head. 1835 J. A. St. John Tales of Ramad'han III. lvi. 165 Drawing vigorously at his pipe, he puffed around him repeated clouds of smoke. 1869 Ballou's Monthly Mag. Oct. 357/1 I drew my cigar harder than ever, to throw a light upon him. 1883 Wheelman May 110/2 The smoke, puffed from time to time, as I draw on the cigar, winds up in a sinuous curl. 1921 Welding Engineer Nov. 26/1 I was up in the smoker drawing on a fag when I got acquainted with a Denver man. 1966 E. Bond Saved vi. 51 Fred (draws his cigarette): Why didn't yer let on?.. He drops his cigarette on the floor and treads on it. 1977 A. Desai Fire on Mountain 77 ‘I saw you go down there last night,’ Ram Lal said, drawing at his biri through his fist. 2002 Times 9 Dec. (Game section) 18/2 Davey supped from his tin of beer and drew on his cigarette. b. intransitive. To take a pull or draught of a drink, esp. an alcoholic one; to drink. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor to wet (one's) whistle, weasand, mouth, beak, beardc1386 bibc1400 to kiss the cupa1420 drawa1500 refresh1644 mug1653 bub1654 jug1681 whiffle1693 dram1740 wet1783 to suck (also sup) the monkey1785 stimulate1800 lush1811 taste1823 liquor1839 oil1841 paint1853 irrigate1856 nip1858 smile1858 peg1874 gargle1889 shicker1906 stop1924 bevvy1934 a1500 in T. A. Kirby & H. B. Woolf Philologica: Malone Anniv. Stud. (1949) 204 (MED) For y wyll not geue a straw, At halfe a pynte onys to draw; hyt wyll not quenche owr thyrste. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 348 They had their cup-quarrels, striving who should draw deepest. 1909 Sat. Evening Post 18 Sept. 17/3 Delaney picked up a bottle from the bar and, upending it above his lips, drew deep from it. 1988 M. Moorcock Mother London i. 41 He drew sluggishly at his pint. 35. a. intransitive. Chiefly with about, around. Of a group of people: to come together, gather, assemble. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals gathera975 ensemblea1300 drawc1300 semble1389 herd1393 assemblea1400 routa1400 sanka1400 trume?a1400 musterc1425 convene1429 resemblea1450 to draw together1455 forgather1513 accompany1534 troop1565 congregate1570 to get together1575 parliament?1589 accoil1590 join1706 to roll up1817 congressa1850 to round up1879 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1479 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 148 Þat folk of seint thomas kunne wel þicke a-bouten him drouȝ. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15911 Mani drou a-bote þat fire. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 3855 All his frendus..drowyn abouȝt hym theke and faste. c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 83 The great resorte of people that drue to his sermons. 1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest I. ii. 53 Our desolate party drew round it. 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 27/2 The whole party drew round the table. 1916 R. Wilson Russ. Story Bk. 60 Great crowds drew to the tavern, though they came not to drink but to see the Old Cossáck. 2008 Irish Times 16 Aug. (Mag.) 10 I picked up the bat and immediately a crowd drew around, watching the foreigner carefully, looking for the weak spots. †b. transitive. To assemble (an army, troops, etc.). Obsolete.See also to draw together 1a at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] somnec825 heapc900 gathera975 samc1000 to set togetherc1275 fang1340 assemblec1374 recueilc1380 drawa1393 to draw togethera1398 semblea1400 congatherc1400 congregatec1400 to take together1490 recollect1513 to gather togetherc1515 to get together1523 congesta1552 confer1552 collect1573 ingatherc1575 ramass1586 upgather1590 to muster upa1593 accrue1594 musterc1595 compone1613 herd1615 contract1620 recoil1632 comporta1641 rally1643 rendezvous1670 purse1809 adduct1824 to round up1873 reeve1876 to pull together1925 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 2084 With gret manace and mochel bost He drowh pouer and made an host And cam in rescousse of the toun. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1903) II. App. i. 278 This assemblance and conventioun of peple Drawin be tarquyne. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 143 Into the marches of Wales, where they drewe to them great power. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 118 That such an Army could be drawne in France. View more context for this quotation 1693 J. Austen tr. Lives of Illustrious Romans 11 Before the Fight [he] drew his Army upon a Hill. 36. a. transitive. To cause (something) to follow as a consequence; to bring about.See also to draw in 3 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw on 5 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring about as a consequence or entail makeOE haveOE drawa1400 to draw inc1405 to leave behind1424 goc1449 to draw on1572 train1579 carry1581 beara1616 to lead toa1770 evolve1816 entail1829 mean1841 issue1842 subinduce1855 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26649 A synne or twa vnbete þai dragh ay ma & ma. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. vii The prouerbe sayth, tareynge draweth and ieopardeth perell. 1572 G. Fenton tr. E. Pasquier Monophylo ii. f. 6^v Where man drawing to himselfe, hys selfe destruction [Fr. cestuy homme se perdant à son esciant], without other power of remedy then to late a repentaunce. a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 41 Any default or laches..either in accepting the freehold, or in accepting the interest that drawes the freehold. 1851 G. W. Thornbury Lays & Legends 113 The curse of the drunken jesters Drew vengeance from the sky. 1869 A. W. Ward tr. E. Curtius Hist. Greece II. iii. ii. 392 This act drew after it important consequences. 2001 Discover (N.Y.) July 66/1 Its role was unknown until some drug tests in the 1950s drew unexpected results. b. transitive. To bring (misfortune or disaster) on (also upon) oneself. Cf. pull v. 16b.See also to draw down 1b at Phrasal verbs 1. ΚΠ a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 18729 Ful grete veniaunce is on him draw. 1597 J. Carpenter Preparatiue to Contentation x. 121 These men..do worthily draw ruine & decay on their own heads. 1629 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. (ed. 5) xl. sig. H7^v The occasion [that] drew this mischiefe vpon him. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 113 Which drew the Forces of the Sultan his Master upon him. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 126 He drew upon Himself, immediately, that Swarm of Enemies. 1823 Examiner 26 Jan. 65/2 They are drawing on themselves their own ruin. 1860 T. Martin tr. Horace Odes 29 Rage drew on Thyestes the vengeance of heaven. 1933 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 27 618 The indirection of our procedure drew upon us a retort which it was by no means pleasant to read. 1999 C. Bruell On Socratic Educ. 117 The manner in which Socrates' life came to an end would be particularly revealing if what drew upon him the anger of his fellow citizens was essential to his life. c. transitive. To receive (a prison sentence of a specified length). ΚΠ 1895 Marion (Ohio) Daily Star 29 May 5/3 Dennis Hays..got a pretty stiff sentence.., drawing a sentence of thirty days and getting a fine of ten dollars. 1929 Capital Punishment in N. Carolina N. Carolina State Board Charities Special Bull. No. 10 54 Herman Banks and Luther Townsend suffered most heavily, each drawing a sentence of from four to eight years in the State Prison. 1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential i. iii. 34 In 1940 he drew a six-month sentence in the workhouse when he stole two fur pieces from a waitress. 1999 J. Williams Five Pubs, Two Bars & Nightclub 139 He ended up drawing two years, serving one. 37. transitive. To attract (a particular reaction or response) from a person or group.Cf. sense 79a where the object is something that has been deliberately elicited.See also to draw forth 1c at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth movea1398 drawa1400 provoke?a1425 askc1450 to draw out1525 to stir up1526 allure?1532 suscitate1532 to call out1539 to draw fortha1569 draw1581 attract1593 raise1598 force1602 fetch1622 milka1628 invite1650 summon1679 elicit1822 to work up?1833 educe1840 1581 A. Anderson Serm. Paules Crosse sig. A.iiij The reporte..was brought to Christ, as therby..to drawe from Christe some sharpe censure of the President his cruell acte. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) liii. 304 The Common People vnderstand not many Excellent Vertues: The Lowest Vertues draw Praise from them. 1660 G. Newton Expos. John 17th 474 If we have done any act that draws applause or commendation,..men admire us, and advance us. a1732 J. Gay Fables (1738) II. v. 39 Not that all coxcombs follies strike And draw our ridicule alike. 1857 London Q. Rev. Oct. 263/2 Suddenly changing his tone, he drew sobs of contrition from the entire multitude. 1882 North-China Herald 26 May 560/3 This repetition of the stock jest..drew shouts of laughter. 1959 N.Y. Times 29 Aug. 1/2 The..bill has drawn strong union opposition because it would impose stricter controls. 1993 Computer World 12 Apr. 4/1 The product..is drawing an enthusiastic reaction from some quarters. 2012 J. M. Bessette & J. J. Pitney Amer. Govt. & Politics xiv. 437 President Clinton drew criticism for fostering too much internal debate. 38. transitive. Originally and chiefly Military. To attract or provoke (gunfire), either unintentionally or deliberately. ΚΠ 1698 tr. Baron de Pointis Acct. taking of Cartagena 69 This number of People being..remarkable for their Cloaths, drew upon us the Enemies Fire, and particularly that of their Cannon. 1763 R. Orme Hist. Mil. Trans. Brit. Nation I. iii. 207 Chunda-saheb's cavalry..made a halt within point blank shot, to draw the fire of the English troops. 1785 J. Drinkwater Hist. Siege Gibraltar vii. 267 The Enemy..being heard at work, drew a warm fire from our batteries. 1846 Floridian 27 June ‘Stop,’ said Ridgely, ‘until I draw their fire;’ when he deliberately fired each gun. 1873 Times 30 Aug. 10/2 Anything moving instantly..drew a volley of bullets from the besieged. 1919 N.Y. Times 19 Aug. 13/8 (advt.) Great grizzlies and nimble mountain goats draw the sure shot of the hunter. 1944 Scotsman 30 Nov. 4/7 Gibson..flew backwards and forwards over the target, drawing the flak on to his Lancaster. 1971 Jrnl. Royal United Services Inst. Sept. 65/2 By day any movement drew a hail of shells. 2015 P. Robinson Lion of Sabray vii. 182 One [helicopter] goes in hard and low, and then banks away steeply in an attempt to draw enemy fire. III. Senses relating to extension or protraction. †39. transitive. To extend the duration of (something); to prolong, protract. Obsolete.See also to draw along at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw out 3b at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw in length at length n. 17. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) xlviii. 264 Be þæs timan lenge heora sang dragon [L. cantum protendant], þæt heora ealra stefen geþwærie. a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) xiii. 49 Þat se syxansyxtuȝeþe sealm, þat is ‘Deus misereatur nostri’, sy ȝecwedon..sumdæl draȝende [OE Corpus Cambr. gelencged hwæthwara; L. subtrahendo modice]. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 35 (MED) Mi time in tariinge he drowh: Whan ther was time good ynowh, He seide, ‘An other time is bettre.’ a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 791 Quat bot es lang mi tale to draw. a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) l. 1062 Hath þy herte be wroth or gret When goddes serues was drawe on tret? 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres i. 1 I will drawe my leisure and poore skill to the vttermost. 1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher King & No King i. sig. B2^v Thou drawst thy words. 1847 L. Hunt Jar of Honey (1848) ix. 119 The sense of hushing solemnity is drawn to the finest point. 1885 Athenæum 23 May 661/1 The anguish of the last chapters is too long drawn. †40. intransitive. To extend in space or area, in a given direction, to a specified point, etc.; to stretch, to spread. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > extend in space [verb (intransitive)] bredeOE comeOE ylasta1175 drawc1180 areachc1225 lastc1275 tillc1290 durea1300 reachc1330 spreada1400 halec1400 reignc1400 splatec1440 extend1481 endure1523 span1535 discoursea1547 wina1578 distend1581 intend1594 sweep1789 outlie1876 the world > space > extension in space > extend in space [verb (intransitive)] > extend in a certain direction liec1000 shootc1000 drawc1180 stretcha1387 streek1388 bear1556 trend1598 tend1604 take1610 to make out1743 to put out1755 trench1768 make1787 c1180 Notes to Hexateuch (Claud. B.iv) in A. N. Doane & W. P. Stoneman Purloined Lett. (2011) 20 Se stede is..wensæm wunyunge & lang hidraan an hestdele anlænges ðare sæ, butan ure wuniaghe. c1300 St. Brendan (Laud) l. 48 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 221 We comen to a watur..þat euere fram-ward þe est toward þe west it drovȝ. We stoden and bi-heolden a-boute, for we ne miȝten ouer i-wende. c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 546 Þe pilgrim..loked an heyȝe: Þe sterres on þe heuen he seiȝe, Þe water about him drawe. c1425 in E. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (1866) 127 Thanne north, so as the hegge drawyth to Barnlee northward. 1678 M. D. tr. J. M. Wansleben Present State Egypt 237 This Street was adorned with two ranks of Pillars, one rank in each side: the second begins at the Arch of Triumph, which is at one end of the Town, at the South-East, drawing to the North-East. 1871 Baily's Monthly Mag. Apr. 3 A very good one [sc. country] it is, although only about fifteen miles long and four or five wide; it has lots of grass, and draws south as far as Mentmore. 41. a. transitive. To make (wire) by pulling a rod or other piece of metal through an aperture in a die, or through a series of graduated apertures; (also) to shape (a rod or other piece of metal) in this way. Also with into, out: see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1. ΚΠ 1265 [implied in: 1265 in C. W. Bardsley & A. Bardsley Dict. Eng. & Welsh Surnames (1901) 820/1 Robert le Wyrdraere. (at wire-drawer n. 1)]. 1482 in L. T. Smith York Plays (1885) Introd. p. xl [Pinners and Wiredrawers] makes pynnes or draweth wyre. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §845 All Bodies Ductile (as Metals that will be drawne into Wire). 1654 F. W. Observ. in Fulke's Meteors (new ed.) 164 Though Gold be drawn into the smallest wire. 1721 London Gaz. No. 5965/4 A Work-house for..Drawing Wyer. 1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 334 Wire is drawn either by hand, or by steam, water, or other power. 1883 Amer. Stationer 2 Aug. 209/2 We..thus are able to draw wire and make gold and silver threads. 1913 Engineering 18 Apr. 542/1 The wortle-plates required by those engaged in drawing wire by hand. 1969 Metal & Fabricated Metal Products Manuf. (U.S. Dept. of Commerce) 69/2 Establishments primarily engaged in drawing wire from purchased iron or steel rods, bars, or wire. 2001 O. Sacks Uncle Tungsten i. 7 The heavy, dark tungsten powder would be pressed, hammered, sintered at red heat, then drawn into finer and finer wire. 2020 M. E. Cohen Leader's Bookshelf vi. 102 He would have to..draw a rod into wire, and, finally, draw the wire into a pin. b. transitive. gen. To pull out (something) to a greater length or size; to stretch, elongate. Also intransitive: to be stretched or elongated.See also to draw abroad at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen > by drawing out drawa1398 to draw abroada1400 to draw out1484 wire-draw1598 rope1798 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. lx. 278 His synewe..may be idrawe in lengþe..as a corde and a roop. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 12409 Þis tre þai droght þaim bituine. 1511–12 Act 3 Henry VIII c. 6 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 28 The byer of Wollen clothes..shall not drawe..the same clothes..by teynto^r or wynche. 1625 J. Hart Anat. Urines ii. vi. 88 [He] did oftentimes..voyd a thicke muddie vrine, and so tough and ropie, that any might haue drawne it an ell long, as if it had bene some glue or bird-lime. 1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 582 Or draw to silk Arachne's subtile line. 1748 G. Stovin in Philos. Trans. 1747 (Royal Soc.) 44 572 The Skin drew or stretch'd like a Piece of Doe-Leather. 1878 I. G. D. Stewart et al. Home Messenger Bk. of Tested Receipts (ed. 2) 69 Turn the dough completely over and draw it long into the conventional shape. 2006 F. Moramarco & S. Moramarco Deliciously Ital. xxv. 74 Break an egg-sized piece off the dough, flatten it, and run it through the widest setting of the pasta machine, drawing it into a long, wide ribbon. †c. transitive. To stretch the joints of (a person) on a rack (rack n.³ 2b) as a punishment or a form of torture. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > on the rack spread?c1225 fordrawc1380 enginec1405 rack?a1439 stentc1480 streekc1480 draw1481 brake1530 excarnificate1570 excruciate1570 stretch1585 to break on the torture1598 distend1599 tenter1615 tousea1616 tympanize1647 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) lv. 96 They made hym to be drawen and payned to saye the trouthe. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) cxl. 185 Rather I shold lete me drawe, than I shold telle it ageyn. 1576 T. Rogers Philos. Disc. Anat. Minde xxxii. f. 32 Epicharius..on the rack drawen, and euery way hailed and pulled to confesse..would not speake one woord. 1645 H. Burkhead Trag. Cola's Furie iii. 28 (stage direct.) Rufus is laid on the Racke & drawne. d. transitive. To flatten out (metal), typically by hammering.Earliest and now only with out (see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1). ΚΠ 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 505 The other sort of copper..yeeldeth to the hammer and will be drawne out, whereupon some there be who call it Ductile, i. battable. 1784 H. Cort Specif. Patent in Repertory of Arts (1795) 3 365 Draw them under the forge-hammer..into anconies. e. In the preparation of fibre for spinning. (a) intransitive. Of slivers of cotton, wool, etc.: to elongate and attenuate when pulled by hand or passed between successive pairs of rollers revolving at different speeds. Now rare. ΚΠ 1623 G. Markham Countrey Contentments, or Eng. Huswife (new ed.) ii. 158 Now for as much as if you shall put too much oile vpon the wooll, you may thereby doe great hurt to the web, and make that the thread will not draw, but fal into many pieces. 1851 Baird's Amer. Cotton Spinner 140 Sometimes the stuff will become so heavy that it will not draw clear. 1903 Fibre & Fabric 10 Oct. 99/1 It draws well, takes twist in the roving well and spins into good, strong, even yarn. (b) transitive. To elongate and attenuate (slivers of cotton, wool, etc.) by pulling them gently, or (where the process is mechanized) by passing them between successive pairs of rollers revolving at different speeds. Frequently with out (see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1). ΚΠ 1785 Trial of Cause R. P. Arden 67 Did you see this model of the rollers for drawing the cotton thread? 1863 R. Hunt Ure's Dict. Arts I. (ed. 5) 739 It becomes almost impossible for the workman to draw the flax or hemp through such rollers. 1915 Printers' Ink 17 June 22/1 Stop to think how much intelligence and patience and skill is required to pick, unravel, draw, comb, rove, spin, twist..3000 acres of Sea Island Cotton yearly. 2016 C. McBride Uniquely Woman (e-book ed.) With her right hand, she uses her fingers to draw the fleece and form it into thread as it is wound around the spindle. f. transitive. To stretch (a molten glass ribbon or object) into a thinner, elongated form; (also) to form or shape (a glass object such as a tube) by stretching molten glass.Also with out (see to draw out 3a at Phrasal verbs 1). ΚΠ 1665 R. Boyle New Exper. & Observ. Cold 694 Upon which account the pipe ought beforehand to be drawn so slender, that the glass may be melted together in a trice. 1783 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 73 450 The glass tube had been just drawn at the glass-house. 1854 B. Silliman et al. World of Sci., Art, & Industry 155/1 Cylindrical rods of glass about the size of a pen stalk are drawn. 2008 E. Le Bourhis Glass x. 219 At such temperature, the glass ribbon is viscous enough to be drawn upward out of the tin bath. †42. a. intransitive. To amount to a particular sum or quantity. Also with unto. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > enumerate, reckon, or calculate [verb (intransitive)] > amount or be equal to goeOE risec1175 amount1399 mountc1400 to come to ——?a1425 draw1425 reach1431 to run to ——1528 surmount1551 to come unto ——1562 arise1594 to equivalize account1647 tell1671 sum1721 reckon1783 count1819 number1842 to add up1850 to add up to1853 to work out1867 total1880 to tot up1882 1425 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1425 §35. m. 13 To shippe as mechel wolle or wollefell, as that draweth and amounteth to, that is so perisshed..with outen any subsidee payng for the same. a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 120 (MED) It is behouefull that we furst esteme what his erly charges and expences bith likely to drawe vnto, For aftir that nedith his reuenues to be proporcioned. 1501 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 87 As myche mony as iij quarters shall drawe to. 1563–4 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 571 Top pieces for the west wyndowe whiche drewe to xxi fote of glass. b. transitive. To amount to (a particular sum or quantity). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > number, calculate, or reckon [verb (transitive)] > amount to or total makeOE amountc1350 be?c1425 draw1425 numbera1450 numbera1586 to sum up1597 give1634 mount1639 tantamount1659 compute1667 muster1810 total1859 subtotal1906 society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > keep accounts [verb (transitive)] > amount to amount1399 draw1425 return1624 net1772 to run up1830 total1880 to tot up1882 1425 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 2 A stoon wil drawe þe wighte of a pipe. 1426–7 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 11 Þe fees and þe wages of the seyd William for hys seyd seruice vnpayed draweth a gret some to his pouere degree. ?1462 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 99 To haue the seid plase and certeyn of his livelode of gretter valew than the charge of the seid college shuld drawe. a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 51 Your costis done vpon þe seid acre drawithe iij & jd. ob. 1517 in W. C. Dickinson Sheriff Court Bk. Fife (1928) 79 Of the cane foulis the thre sextene-partis drauis iiij s. iiij d. 43. transitive. To straighten (straw) in preparation for thatching by pulling it through one's hands. Also intransitive. ΚΠ 1606 [implied in: 1606 in J. Barmby Memorials St. Giles's, Durham (1896) 33 For the carrage of y^e straw to y^e bull house & for the drawinge of yt, 14d.]. 1699 R. Prudom Truth unvail'd by Scripture-light v. 152 The poor Woman, who was a common Harlot, that was drawing Straw. 1701 in J. Barmby Memorials St. Giles's, Durham (1896) 98 Paid for drawing y^e new Whins & spent, 8s. 6d. 1881 Aberdeen Weekly Jrnl. 3 Dec. 5/4 As to the refusal to draw thatch because it was wet there was no foundation for so refusing. 1889 J. Nicholson Folk-speech E. Yorks. 13 For some days, boys have been ‘dhrawin sthreeah’ (that is, pulling straw out by handfuls from the straw stack made last thrashing day) and laying it straight in bundles ready for the ‘theeaker’. 1939 D. Hartley Made in Eng. ii. 59 Where he is thatching in the field, he ‘draws’ at the farm in a stackyard or outhouse. 2016 thatchadvicecentre.co.uk in Internet Archive Wayback Machine 26 Mar. The amount of water used to wet the bed varies depending on weather conditions and the type of straw being ‘drawn’: If it is too dry, the straw will be hard to draw and more prone to breakage. 44. intransitive. Nautical. Of a sail: to swell out tightly with the wind. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > support (an amount of) sail [verb (intransitive)] > swell out in wind (of sails) draw1627 fill1835 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ix. 41 We haue a..faire wind, and all sailes drawing. 1664 Advice of Father; or, Counsel to Child lxix. f. 191 To keep an even course, when all Sails draw, shews the Ship to be well ballasted. 1762 W. Falconer Shipwreck ii. 19 The mizen draws; she springs aloof once more. 1836 F. Marryat Pirate ix, in Pirate & Three Cutters 105 The schooner had let draw her foresheet. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxii. 66 Her yards were braced sharp up, every sail was set, and drew well. 1893 Harper's Mag. Apr. 716/1 The canvas either drew full, or was absolutely slack. 1920 Argosy-Allstory Weekly 25 Dec. 94/2 The sails drew. Way gathered. The wake poured. The Lombardy Girl heeled down, slipped into the northeast trade. 2007 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 17 Feb. (Review section) 2 With the engine running, all sails drawing and a beam wind, we motored out of the strait. IV. Senses relating to motion or travel in a particular direction; to move, to approach. †45. transitive. To go on (a journey) to a specified place; to make (one's way or course) in a specified direction. Obsolete.Quot. OE has sometimes alternatively been interpreted as intransitive, in sense ‘to move, proceed, go’ (see sense 48a), but this is unlikely on syntactic grounds. ΚΠ OE Guthlac A 727 Ongon þa leofne sið dragan domeadig dryhtnes cempa to þam onwillan eorðan dæle. a1450 (a1400) Athelston (1951) l. 115 (MED) Be Stane my way I drowȝ. c1450 (c1425) Brut (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 357 Þan þis worthi Duk..drow his cours Norþewarde. 46. transitive (reflexive). With adverb or prepositional phrase. To move in a specified direction; to proceed, approach; to withdraw, retire. Now somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (reflexive)] wendeOE meteOE drawc1175 flitc1175 do?c1225 kenc1275 teemc1275 movec1300 graitha1325 dightc1330 redec1330 windc1330 yieldc1330 dressa1375 raikc1400 winc1400 pass?a1425 get1492 tirec1540 flitch?1567 frame1576 betake1639 rely1641 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10656 Sannt iohan droh himm o bacch. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11545 Þatt illke mann birrþ draȝhenn himm. Fra gluterrnessess esstess. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 48 Þes duc mid his drihte to þare sæ him droh. a1300 Passion our Lord l. 212 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 43 Peter iseyh þe Gywes vre louerd vaste bynde, Anon he drouh hyne abak. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1792 Þei drow hem to a dern den for drede to be seiȝen. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7412 Þe men was won to drau ham nere. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 15904 A quile forward he ȝode, a quile him drou againe. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Luke xv. 15 And he wente, and drouȝ hym to oon of the citeseyns of that cuntre. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2322 I drowȝ me to foly, & wold nat be governed. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 526 He begynneth to drawe hym in to companye nowe. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. iii. §14. 63 As their people increased, they drew themselues more Westerly towards the red or Arabian Sea. 1712 tr. Acct. Life & Writings John Le Clerc 54 He endeavour'd to ward them off, by drawing himself from the engagement. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. viii. 269 She thought she heard a noise in her chamber, and she drew herself within the casement. 1880 Harper's Mag. June 131/1 Lancelot Carnaby stopped from his rash venture into the water, and drew himself back into an ivied bush. 1986 M. Mullen Hungry Land (1993) xxvi. 320 She noticed a crowd of starving people waiting for the boat, as silent as statues. When she climbed up the granite steps they drew themselves towards her, crying. †47. intransitive. figurative. To tend towards a particular physical condition or quality; to incline to. Obsolete.See also to draw near 2 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)] wryc888 driveOE drawc1175 rine?c1225 soundc1374 tendc1374 lean1398 clinea1400 movec1450 turnc1450 recline?a1475 covet1520 intend?1521 extenda1533 decline?1541 bow1562 bend1567 follow1572 inflecta1575 incline1584 warpa1592 to draw near1597 squint1599 nod1600 propend1605 looka1616 verge1664 gravitate1673 set1778 slant1850 trend1863 tilt1967 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 17902 All hiss hallȝhe dede. Droh till þatt an to turrnenn follc Inn till þe rihhte weȝȝe. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. 387 If þe feuer comeþ of ȝelouȝ colera..þe vreyne is..drawinge more towardes þinnesse. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 781 He to sa gret vorschip dreuch, That all spak of his gret bounte. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxvi. 542 But he draweth now sore to age. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. xcii. 272 The upper leaves draw towardes the proportion of the leaves of fenell. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 235 Of a dark colour, somewhat drawing toward a violet. 1773 A. Vieyra Dict. Portuguese & Eng. Langs. I Anime, the sweet gum called gum anime; it is rather a resin of a large tree, white, and drawing towards the colour of frankincense. 1807 Philos. Mag. 26 26 I mixed a part of this decoction with a solution of sulphate of iron, and I obtained a precipitate of a very deep blue, drawing towards black. 48. †a. intransitive. To move, proceed; to come, go. Obsolete except as in sense 48b. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] nimeOE becomec885 teec888 goeOE i-goc900 lithec900 wendeOE i-farec950 yongc950 to wend one's streetOE fare971 i-wende971 shakeOE winda1000 meteOE wendOE strikec1175 seekc1200 wevec1200 drawa1225 stira1225 glidea1275 kenc1275 movec1275 teemc1275 tightc1275 till1297 chevec1300 strake13.. travelc1300 choosec1320 to choose one's gatea1325 journeyc1330 reachc1330 repairc1330 wisec1330 cairc1340 covera1375 dressa1375 passa1375 tenda1375 puta1382 proceedc1392 doa1400 fanda1400 haunta1400 snya1400 take?a1400 thrilla1400 trace?a1400 trinea1400 fangc1400 to make (also have) resortc1425 to make one's repair (to)c1425 resort1429 ayrec1440 havea1450 speer?c1450 rokec1475 wina1500 hent1508 persevere?1521 pursuec1540 rechec1540 yede1563 bing1567 march1568 to go one's ways1581 groyl1582 yode1587 sally1590 track1590 way1596 frame1609 trickle1629 recur1654 wag1684 fadge1694 haul1802 hike1809 to get around1849 riddle1856 bat1867 biff1923 truck1925 a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) l. 49 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 163 Þider ȝe sculen ȝorne draȝen. a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 345 Vt of his ðrote it smit an onde, Ðe swetteste ðing ðat is o londe. Ðerfore oðre fisses to him draȝen. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 22543 Wodd and wall al dun sal drau. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ii. 66 ‘Where be my sonnes gone?’..‘I cannot telle whether they are drawen.’ c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 16^v [Jason] Drow euyn to the Dragon dressit hym to fight. 1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. H7 Why draw we not rather home into our owne soyle of England? 1644 King Charles I in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. III. 317 Wee desire you to draw with all your forces to Bristol. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess i. 48 Says, are ye sleeping, rise an' win awa, 'Tis time, an' just the time, for you to draw. b. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase. To move in a relatively slow or steady manner in a particular direction or into a particular position.See also to draw back 1a at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw near 1 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw nigh at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw on 1 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw up 5a at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > be bound for or head for drawc1275 to-hieldc1275 roama1375 pretend1481 pursue1488 to make forth1508 to be in gate to1548 to make to ——a1568 to make unto ——1593 to be for1606 to set one's face for (from, to, towards)1611 steer1667 head1880 hit1889 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 678 Heo drowen toward hauene. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2378 Toward here fader he gunen dragen. ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 104 Al þe see sal draw ifere, As a walle to stond upriȝt. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxi. 250 They all togyther drewe a parte in to a chambre. 1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age i. iv. xxxii. 162 The Spanish Army drew towards him, to dislodge him from thence. a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 142 Having heard of our drawing homeward. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. ix. 135 I am now drawing towards an abode that looks brighter as I approach it. 1895 Penny Illustr. Paper 21 Dec. 397/2 I began to feel more cheerful as we drew into harbour. 1928 E. A. Powell Embattled Borders v. 172 As the man drew opposite the car I accosted him in my best German. 1943 D. Welch Jrnl. 22 Oct. (1952) 96 When I drew closer, I saw that it was a man giving a piggy-back to a woman. 1996 C. J. Stone Fierce Dancing iii. 49 Then..the train does arrive, and we climb on board and make our way to the back while the train draws out. 1999 Sun 26 Oct. 2/1 The pilots drew alongside and saw its windows were frosted over. 2005 Northern Echo 6 Sept. 3/2 The truck turned into the village and drew to a stop. c. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to move to one side; spec. to move away from a group of people in order to talk privately. Chiefly with aside. Cf. sense 11. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > sideways movement or a sideways movement > move sideways [verb (intransitive)] > step to one side drawc1400 to step aside1530 sidestep1860 c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. l. 61 Asyde he gan drawe. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cclxx. f. clxv. Than the frenchmen and bretons drewe a syde, and sayde to them. sirs leaue do vs no hurt. 1715 J. Lacy Vision 10 Then they drew on one Side, talking of the Woman who was before. 1861 Temple Bar Nov. 535 Every believer would draw on one side. 1920 Argosy-Allstory Weekly 14 Aug. 293 The men drew to one side, perplexed with the problem before them. 1942 G. M. Trevelyan Eng. Social Hist. xii. 385 By an unwritten law of the road, the wagon..had precedence, and all other traffic must draw aside to let it pass. 1963 Times 14 Feb. 14/7 They drew aside and conferred among themselves. 2009 S. K. Silverberg Naomi's Song xvii. 137 Drawing aside, they consulted in low tones. †49. intransitive. With to, unto: to start to become involved with (a person or course of action); to resort to; to turn to. Cf. sense 32b. Obsolete.See also like draws to like at like n.¹ 4a. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] seeOE drawc1275 mella1300 meeta1325 fellow1340 usec1384 conjoinc1386 joinc1390 knitc1400 accompany1461 enfellowship1470 frequent1477 haunt1477 mixa1513 encompanya1533 combinea1535 contract1548 to take with ——1562 associate1581 to have a saying toa1593 cope1594 sort1594 to take in1597 consort1600 herd1606 factionate1611 to keep company (with)a1616 accost1633 solder1641 converse1649 walk1650 consociate1653 coalite1734 to get with ——a1772 forgather1786 unionize1810 to go rounda1867 to mix in1870 cop1940 the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > have recourse to [verb (transitive)] > specifically a course of action runOE goOE drawc1275 to found to1352 resorta1425 tirvec1425 to fall on ——1634 to fall into ——1668 to fall back on1777 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5252 Alle heo wulleð to me draȝen [c1300 Otho drawe]. c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 224 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 500 Siþþe..to arsmetrike he drouȝ. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. xiv. 311 He runtiþ and betiþ him ofte lest a drawe to euel maners. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. ix. l. 190 Preestes and oþer peple to peers þei drowen. a1475 (?a1410) J. Lydgate Churl & Bird (Longleat) in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 108 Eche thing draweth to his semblable. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. i. 8 When Lucifer to pride drogh. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 139 Much people drewe vnto them. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. O4^v, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Such..as draw vnto mischiefe. 1631 Bp. J. Hall Occas. Medit. (ed. 2) (2nd state) §cii All drawes towards liberty and joy. 1677 R. Brereley Bundle of Truths viii. 81 When he draws to sin, through lust, yet with Joseph, No, I cannot sin against God. 1893 National Observer 13 May 643/2 Like draws to like. 50. a. intransitive. With to, towards, toward: to approach or draw near (a particular point in time). Frequently with it as non-referential subject. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent comeOE nigha1225 to draw nearc1330 approachc1374 drawa1375 to stand ina1382 to stand ona1382 instand1382 to draw ona1450 proacha1450 to draw nigha1470 to fall at handa1535 to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538 instant1541 to prick fast upon1565 impend1674 simmer1703 depend1710 loom1827 to knock about1866 to come up1909 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2208 Whan it drouȝ to þe dai, ful dernli he hem tauȝt..where þei rest schold take. c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) iv. l. 31 (MED) Whanne it drowe to þe day of þe dede-doynge. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 38 It drew to the nicht. 1641 S. D'Ewes in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) 169 It drawes nowe towards tenn of the clocke at night. 1748 E. Haywood Life's Progress iii. 23 He..would eat nothing; and as it drew toward evening, cried out he was very sick, and must go to bed. 1826 A. Cunningham Paul Jones I. vi. 189 The brightest day maun draw to night. 1872 R. Broughton Tales for Christmas Eve vi. 72 It is drawing towards eventide, and Elizabeth and I are sitting hand in hand on a quiet bench. 1918 Brookfield (N. Y.) Courier 11 Sept. ‘It is sufficiently evident,’ said Kenneth, as it drew toward night, ‘that this trail has been trodden by more parties than one.’ 1983 Courier-Express (DuBois, Pa.) 21 Apr. 18/4 As the afternoon drew toward evening anglers were reporting better luck. 2013 S. Shoemaker & J. Pittard Paintings & their Stories 19 As it draws towards noon time, Mom sets her beans off the stove, comes outside, and asks where brother David is. b. intransitive. Chiefly with to, towards: to approach or come to (an end, close, or conclusion). ΚΠ c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 623 Þe day of doom draweþ to an ende; Al vr kuyndes haþ lost vr kende. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 22662 Al þing now draus til end. 1664 H. Oldenburg Let. 20 Oct. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 360 I shall draw to an end with annexing some lines out of the penitential letter of Monsieur Sorbieres. 1711 J. Kirkwood Hist. Twenty Seven Gods Linlithgow 69 Let's now draw near a Close, humbly beseeching the Reader not to think, that we have set out this Plea with hyperbolical and superlative Words. 1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 313 The operation draws toward an end. 1821 Examiner 25 Feb. 121/1 It is time I should draw to a conclusion. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 379 The days of Socrates are drawing to a close. 1933 Flying Mag. Oct. 224/2 The parade and military maneuvers are drawing to a close and in a few moments a voice comes over the speakers. 2003 Independent on Sunday 2 Nov. i. 1/2 The unease felt by many Tory MPs as the party's leadership crisis draws to a conclusion. †51. intransitive and transitive. To move (a chess piece). Also with draught as cognate object (see draught n. 21). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [verb (intransitive)] > move drawa1393 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 3266 Wherof ensamples ben ynowhe Of hem that thilke merel drowhe. a1450 ( G. Chaucer Bk. Duchess (Tanner 346) (1871) l. 682 When she my fers caught I wolde haue draw the same draght. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1822 He drouȝe, & seyd ‘chek mate!’ c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1809 ‘Draw on,’ seyd the Burgeyse; ‘Beryn! ye have þe wers!’ 1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. A.vi Some name him [sc. the Bishop] Archer, because that their draughtes draw alwaies asyde, and neuer forthe right. c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. l. 3823 The Bauderane..to his poun ane knicht drew syne. c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. l. 3893 Now draw wysly, for mister is! 52. intransitive. Hunting. Esp. of a hound: to track a quarry by following its scent or a trail of blood; to move slowly towards the quarry. Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by after (also upon), specifying the quarry. Now rare.See also to draw on 6 at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw dry-foot at dry-foot adv. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > follow scent or trail draw1567 to draw or hunt dry-foota1616 trail1736 the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > approach after pointing draw1567 to draw on1677 1567 T. Stapleton Counterblast i. xvi. f. 60^v The Foxe..wil craftely mount from the earth and kepe himself a while vpon the eather of a hedge, only to cause the howndes that drawe after him to leese the sente of the tracte. 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xxix. 76 When he hath well considered what maner of Hart it may be, and hath marked euery thing to iudge by, then let him draw tyll he come to the couert where he is gone to. 1586 W. Warner Æneidos in Albions Eng. sig. Piii^v Ascanius & hye Companie drawing by Parsie after the Stagge. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. ii. 39 A hound that runs Counter, and yet draws drifoot well. View more context for this quotation 1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation ii. 82 A Hound will draw better when he is held short, than if he were let at the length of the Liam. 1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 143 The spaniel..draws full, Fearful, and cautious, on the latent prey. 1855 C. Kingsley Heroes (1868) iii. 38 Thrice they snuffed round and round like hounds who draw upon a deer. 1939 Times 31 Mar. 6/5 Whether the hounds are drawing for a fox on the moors..or among the kale fields and the hurdled flocks of the arable countries. 53. intransitive. With adverb or preposition, as on, away, ahead. Gradually to gain on or get further away from an opponent in a race; (in extended use) gradually to gain on or get further away from an opponent in a competition by scoring points.See also to draw out at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw up 5b at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw level at Phrases 13. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > race [verb (intransitive)] > gain ground draw1823 to draw out1838 to draw up1843 1823 Examiner 16 June 395/2 The boat's crew still drawing on them. 1892 Sat. Rev. 2 July 10/1 Two drew away fast from the others, and the race appeared to be over. 1892 Black & White 6 Aug. 158/2 Gradually drawing upon him. 1927 Field 16 June 1025/1 The unsteadiness thus produced cost the home crew its lead and although it still went up in the ‘tens’ the Aberdonians drew away to win by a length and a quarter. 1980 N.Y. Times 1 June v. 6/3 The Swede drew ahead in the second leg, again leaving himself a double-top finish. 2000 N.Y. Post 16 Nov. 63/3 Spirit of Mike battled with Empire Storm for the early lead and tried to draw away in the stretch. V. Senses relating to extraction, withdrawal, or removal. * To remove or extract something. 54. a. transitive. To pull (a sword, firearm, or other weapon) from its sheath, holster, etc., in readiness for use. Also with a prepositional phrase introduced by on (also upon, against), specifying the person or animal at whom the weapon is directed. Also in figurative contexts (cf. to draw one's pen (also quill) at Phrases 7).See also at daggers drawn at dagger n.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > use or wield (a weapon) [verb (transitive)] > unsling or unsheathe drawlOE unsheathea1542 unsling1630 unsheaf1658 society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > strike with sword [verb (transitive)] > draw (sword) abraidOE braidOE adrawlOE drawlOE ydrawlOE out-braidc1330 outsheatha1400 undrawc1400 outhelea1500 unsheathea1542 nake1607 unscabbard1611 dissheathe1614 dismounta1616 lOE St. Margaret (Corpus Cambr.) (1994) 168 Drah hraþa þin swurd and þa fæmna þu ofsleah. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14675 Abraham..droh hiss swerd off shæþe. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 61 He wile his swerd dragen. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 2286 He drou is knif & slou þe king. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1575 Ysonde to tristrem ȝode Wiþ his swerd al drain. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7764 Þou dragh þi suerd and sla me her. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. cij^v/1 Semblably wythout aduys he drewe hys swerde ayenst the And though thou haddest not smeton hym thou myghtest well haue reprehended hym of his offence. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 191 Every man draw his knife. 1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. iii. xxiv. 202 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. The Java Lords..Drawing their poyson'd Daggers, cry'd a Mocca upon the English, killing a great number of them. a1683 A. Sidney Disc. Govt. (1704) ii. xxiv. 153 He that draws his Sword against the Prince..ought to throw away the Scabbard. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 351 They had obliged him to draw the Sword. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. ix. 125 Assaulting a judge, sitting in the court, by drawing a weapon, without any blow struck, is punishable with the loss of the right hand. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 624 The two bishops insisted on Monmouth's owning that, in drawing the sword against the government, he had committed a great sin. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. xiii. 292 Are you going to draw a sword upon your friend in your own house? 1897 Daily News 22 Feb. 7/5 The fellow drew a revolver and fired two shots at the arresting constable, who managed, however, each time to deflect the barrel. 1907 Youth's Compan. 16 May 233/4 What's to prevent your drawing a gun on me,..when I'm not looking? 2002 R. Cohen By Sword i. iii. 52 By the reign of George III public brawls were going out of style and swords were drawn less frequently in gambling halls. 2015 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 5 Mar. a21/3 The officer..drew his weapon but said he kept it at a ‘low ready’ position, with his finger off the trigger. b. intransitive. To draw a sword, firearm, or other weapon. Also with a prepositional phrase introduced by on (also upon, against), specifying the person or animal at whom the weapon is directed. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > use or fight with sword [verb (intransitive)] > draw sword draw?1570 exhale1600 to lug out1684 ?1570 T. Preston Lamentable Trag. Cambises sig. B.iij Doo what thou darest to me. Heere draw and fight. 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. i. 59 Draw if you be men. View more context for this quotation 1628 J. Rous Diary (1856) 27 The Captaines..drewe upon the saylers with greate fury. 1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester 8 Some I have known so abominably impudent, that they would snatch up the Stakes, and thereupon instantly draw, saying, if you will have your money you must fight for it. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 316 We fir'd our Pistols..and then drew. 1862 Temple Bar Feb. 306 It is but ill fighting and base fence to draw upon a foe in a coach. 1904 in War Papers read before Commandery of State Maine (1908) III. 200 ‘As there is no one concealed here it's no harm to fire my revolver into the wheat.’ I drew, cocked and aimed as I spoke. 2002 G. Mallette Promises to Keep xxii. 178 He knew that if they drew on him, they would have to arrest him. 55. a. transitive. To take (water) from a well or other source, esp. by hauling or pumping it up. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)] > in buckets, esp. from a well ladec950 draw?a1300 lavec1374 raise1607 bucket1640 ?a1300 Fox & Wolf l. 277 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 36 He com to þe putte, and drou. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. ii. 17 Þer wern to þe prest of Madyan seuen douȝters, þe which comen to ben drawe water..þer ouer come schepherdis & þrewen hem oute. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John ii. 8 Jhesu seith to hem, Fille ȝe the pottis with water. And thei filliden hem... Jhesu seith to hem, Drawe ȝe now, and bere ȝe to architriclyn. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5687 Þai war drauand watur. c1429 Mirour Mans Saluacioune (1986) l. 1127 The thre stronge water drew vpp out of a cisterne. c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 19 (MED) As he was drawand, þer happend of Sodentie a fyssh to com in-to þe bukett. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Col. ii. f. iiii^v Of this fountayne maye we easly drawe. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xxii. 60 A smal bucket to draw water with. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 138 With Waters drawn from their perpetual Spring. View more context for this quotation 1698 J. Janeway Token for Mariners 99 We..came to a Well, where there was a Pot with strings to draw with. 1797 Monthly Mag. 3 322 The engine..has been employed, ever since its erection, in drawing water, full seventeen hours per day. 1892 Leisure Hour Aug. 662/2 [They] congregate to draw their water at the old pump. 1999 E. Afr. Standard (Nairobi) 18 Oct. 9/1 Residents continued to draw water from the filthy Garinaro River as taps remained dry. 2014 S. Dharmapala Saree (2015) 13 She had been up at the crack of dawn to draw forty pails of water from the well behind the house. b. transitive. Mining. To raise (coal or ore) to the surface. ΚΠ 1727 R. Bradley Houghton's Coll. for Improvem. Husbandry & Trade I. 104 (heading) The manner of drawing coals up. 1810 in Repertory Arts, Manufactures & Agric. (1806) 2nd Ser. 17 136 When the engine is intended to draw coals, it is necessary to turn either way. 1882 R. L. Galloway Hist. Coal Mining xii. 113 The idea of employing water wheels for drawing coal had already begun to receive attention. 1965 W. R. Hardwick Block-caving Copper Mining Methods 73 Failure to draw ore as rapidly as caving took place caused excessive buildup and concentration of weight, timber failure, and delays during repairs. 2019 A. Annakin-Smith Neston Collieries, 1759–1855 iv. 59 The large number of shafts reflects the fact that they were used for various purposes—for drawing coal to the surface, for lowering and raising men and equipment, for ventilation and also for pumping water from the mine. 56. a. transitive. To pull (something) out; to extract, remove. Now only in specific uses (e.g. senses 56b and 56c).to draw out 1a at Phrasal verbs 1, to draw (the) stumps at stump n.¹ 9a. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > by force, effort, or contrivance to draw outOE outdrawlOE drawc1300 win out1362 out-wina1425 windc1535 extract1628 exact1647 exforcipatea1834 to winkle out1942 c1300 St. Katherine (Harl.) l. 267 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 541 Þemperour þo gan drawe his her & sore sike & grone. c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 408 Hir here sche drouȝ, hir hond sche wrong. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 986 Adam..was wroght at vndern tide, At middai eue draun of his side. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 66 Men make drawe the braunches þereof & beren hem to ben graffed at Babyloyne. 1550 J. Heywood Hundred Epigrammes xxiv. sig. B This peny father drew his purse apase. 1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. xxi. 98 They most devoutly waited for the blessed hour, when the Batch that was in the Oven was to be drawn. 1753 Extracts Trial J. Stewart in Scots Mag. Aug. 402/2 Having drawn the shot of the loaded piece. b. transitive. To extract (a tooth); = pull v. 3b. like drawing teeth: used to describe a difficult and protracted process.See also to draw the teeth (also fangs) of (also from, out of) at Phrases 10, to draw (a person's) eyeteeth at eyetooth n. Phrases 4. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > practise dentistry [verb (transitive)] > extract tooth or teeth draw?1530 pull1626 untooth1791 ?1530 tr. Compost of Ptholomeus sig. m.iii He is..good to be a barboure and a blode letter, and to drawe tethe & is peryllous of his handes. 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xvii. xxvii. 660 After the tooth is drawn, let the blood flow freely, that so the part may be freed from pain. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Operatour for the Teeth, one skill'd in drawing and cleansing the Teeth, and in making Artificial ones. 1754 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 307 Lady Harriet had a tooth drawn by Rutter,..and he gave three tugs before he got it out! 1837 Amer. Q. Rev. June 446 That functionary had no desire to be questioned; he hemmed, and hawed, and dodged about; but I told him to make a clean heart of it, and then it came out, but it was like drawing teeth, that he had been on a regular foraging expedition among their stores. 1856 R. Stuart Let. 3 Nov. in R. Stuart et al. Stuart Lett. (1961) II. 765 I have never suffered so much in my life, my face has been swollen up to three times its natural size, and our stupid Dr. cannot or will not draw it. 1961 C. McCullers Clock without Hands iii. 55 Poke, Doc's brother, just drew the tooth for me—with novocain and antibiotics. 2019 Times (Nexis) 30 Jan. 11 Mr Flanagan said the pay negotiations have been ‘like drawing teeth’. c. transitive. To remove (a cork) from a bottle; = pull v. 3c. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > open by freeing of obstruction > by bung or plug unbung1611 unstopple1611 unscrew1653 draw1727 uncork1727 unplug1765 unstopper1839 pull1855 1727 R. Bradley Country Housewife 53 To be sure to draw the Cork without breaking, the Screw ought to go through the Cork. 1812 R. Southey Let. 18 July in Select. from Lett. (1856) II. 284 A new manufactory of a nectar, between soda-water and ginger-beer, and called pop, because ‘pop goes the cork’ when it is drawn. 1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 313/1 The King's name, and the plunk of corks drawn to drink his health, resounded in every house. 2003 R. Rendell Rottweiler xxvi. 295 Becky took a bottle of wine out of Will's fridge and drew the cork. 57. a. transitive. To disembowel (a person), esp. after hanging as a punishment for high treason. Frequently in to draw and quarter. Cf. to hang, draw, and quarter. Now historical.Sometimes, esp. when paired with hang, difficult to distinguish from sense 2 which refers to dragging a person to a place of execution.In quot. a1393: intransitive for passive with the sense ‘to be disembowelled’. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > disembowel bowel1330 drawc1330 embowel1521 c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1797 Sche swore bi godes rode Þai schuld ben hong and drain. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 1948 (MED) Atteint thei were be the lawe And diemed forto honge and drawe. 1465 J. Payn in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 315 I was arestyd..and was thretenyd to haue ben honged, drawe, and quarteryd. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 278 Sum yai hangyt and sum yai drew. ?a1556 Grey Friars Chron. anno 1327 in R. Howlett Monumenta Franciscana (1882) II. 152 Thys yere was Roger Mortemer erle of March hangyd and drawne at Tyborne for tresoun. 1660 S. Pepys Diary 13 Oct. (1970) I. 265 I went out..to see Major-Generall Harrison hanged, drawn, and quartered..he looking as cheerfully as any man could do in that condition. 1682 S. Pordage Medal Revers'd 178 Those men, whom they can neither hang nor draw. 1766 J. Entick New Hist. London II. xv. 330 Cornish was, on the 23d of the same month, hanged, drawn and quartered, at the end of King's-street, Cheapside. 1865 Standard 6 Oct. 5/5 If the American Marat could have his way, Mr. Davis would not only be hanged, but drawn and quartered. 1982 J. Saul God Project (1986) viii. 79 I probably should have been drawn and quartered, then strung up for the vultures to feed on. 2015 Kwani? 8 349 I knew those devils would rather have me drawn and quartered than let [me] live to bear witness to their acts. b. transitive. To remove the viscera from (an animal, esp. a bird) before cooking. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of fowls > prepare fowls [verb (transitive)] > clean or disembowel scalda1400 draw1440 fillet1846 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 131 Drawe fowlys, or dysbowaylyn, excaterizo, eviscero. a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 81 (MED) Rabbette rosted. Take a Rabbette and sle him And drawe him. a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 35 Þo crane schalle fyrst enarmed be..Draȝun at þo syde as wodcockis. 1587 A. W. Bk. Cookrye (rev. ed.) f. 19^v Scalde the Chickins, drawe them, and pull out the brest bones. Then season them with Cloues and Mace. 1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick i. vi. 27 Take a Goose or Duck that is fat, pluck it and draw it. 1775 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. Housekeeper (new ed.) 66 When you kill them, slip the skin off the head and neck with the feathers on, then pluck and draw them. 1813 J. Simpson Compl. Syst. Cookery (new ed.) 4 Draw a turkey three days before it is intended to be dressed. 1893 Field 4 Mar. 331/1 The proper mode of removing the neck, crop, and merrythought, and drawing the fowl. 1907 Kirmess Cook Bk. xii. 179 Singe and draw a chicken weighing about three pounds and cut the flesh into square pieces. 2013 L. Lane Christmas Wish 160 I would never have left school if I'd thought that all I would do was pluck and draw chickens, and salt bacon for the next two years. 58. a. transitive. To take (drink) from a keg or cask by means of a pump or tap. Cf. draught n. Compounds 1c, to draw off 2 at Phrasal verbs 1.See also to draw blood at Phrases 2, to draw it mild at Phrases 11. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)] draw1379 to draw off1594 tap1598 broach1649 the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (transitive)] > make or allow (to) flow draw1379 flow1413 unsluice1611 flush1815 tide1861 unsiphon1878 1379 [implied in: 1379 in C. Fenwick Poll Taxes 1377, 1379 & 1381 (2005) III. 64/4 Johannes Aledrawer'. (at drawer n.¹ 2)]. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxii. l. 401 Ich couþe..drawe at one hole Thicke ale and þynne ale. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. l. 49 (MED) He sette a soure lof to-for vs..And sith he drough vs drynke. 1560 J. Heywood Fourth Hundred Epygrams vii. sig. Av Y^e butler drawth & drinkth beere. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Spina, a spigot, a gimblet, a forcehead, or tap to drawe drinke with. 1682 Art & Myst. of Vintners 73 Draw half your Wine into another Butt; then take your Lags of all sorts that do not prick. ?1730 Round about Coal-fire i. 2 While Tom run harum scarum to draw a jug of ale. 1786 J. Woodforde Diary 8 Dec. (1926) II. 288 I asked him to drink and told Betty to draw some but he would not let her draw him any after my back was turned. 1812 Diurnal Readings ccclxi. 565 He should go into the butlery of the king's palace there, and draw..as much wine as should be needful for making a pitcher of claret. 1862 Temple Bar Nov. 529 You may draw me a mug of ale. 1914 H. H. Peerless Diary 13 June in Brief Jolly Change (2003) 185 To cellar with Mr H. to draw the beer. 1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) iii. 92 The home-brewed ale is drawn from a mahogany cask in the corner, and offered to me. 2013 T. Pynchon Bleeding Edge vi. 55 The drink..was a Papa Doble, which Hector the bartender, previously only seen drawing beers and pouring shots, assembled..as if he'd been doing it all week. †b. intransitive. To draw drinks in a tavern or inn; to work as a drawer (drawer n. 3). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor i. iii. 10 Ile entertaine Bardolfe. He shall tap, he shall draw. 59. transitive. Of an organism (esp. a plant) or one of its parts: to absorb (water, nutrients, etc.). More generally: to take in, to soak up (liquid, etc.). ΚΠ a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxxvii. 1032 Þe roote is ygendred of humour of þe erþe by worchyng of hete, and hete of heuene euene [emended in ed. to hete of heuene] entreþ and cometh þerinne and by vertu þerof acordynge thendyng [emended in ed. to fedyng] and norisshyng is edraue and ecorporat þerto. ?c1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1886) iii. pr. xi. 76 They [sc. plants] drawen alle hyr norysshynges by hyr rootes, ryht as they haddyn hyr Mowthes I-plounged with-in the erthes. a1671 F. Drope Short & Sure Guid Fruit-trees (1672) vi. 118 If it [sc. a severed tree root] dy not, it will the next spring send forth several young shoots; by reason that the sap which the root draweth, hath no way else to vent it self, then by setting up new trees instead of the old one. 1830 R. Heathfield tr. F. X. De Gamboa Comm. Mining Ordinances Spain II. xix. 122 Others conceive, that the earth, like a dry sponge, draws and sucks in the waters of the sea, as sponge does water from a vessel. 1988 R. B. Ross Bet's on, Lizzie Bingman! 9 Jack soaked up the compliments like a sponge drawing water. 2008 L. Brown Appl. Princ. Hort. Sci. (ed. 3) 108 This [sc. the highly concentrated starch reserves within a seed] draws water by osmosis and the seed swells, leading to germination. 60. transitive. To attract (purulent material, a humour, or other substance) so as to disperse or remove it, often by bringing it to the surface of the body; to treat (an injury or wound) in this way. Also intransitive: to act in this way. Also with adverb (cf. to draw out 1a at Phrasal verbs 1). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > disperse, etc., humours or morbid matter cleansec1000 resolvea1398 slaya1400 dissolvec1400 evacuec1400 mundify?a1425 repel?a1425 attenuate1533 evacuate1533 discuss?1537 divert?1541 extenuate1541 intercide?1541 educe1574 scour1577 attray1579 clenge1582 divertise1597 derive1598 revel1598 display1607 draw1608 incide1612 correct1620 fuse1705 lavage1961 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xxxiv. 930 Dyacalamentum..draweþ outward þe venym. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 227 Leie þerto resoluyng þingis þat ben not to strong, & þat þei drawe not to harde. a1500 (a1450) tr. Secreta Secret. (Ashm. 396) (1977) 58 Perismon and agnaricon..draweth blak collir and repressen the humours of melancoly. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 302 He scarified the place, and drawed it with cupping-glasses. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §38 Rubarb draweth Choller..Agaricke Flegme. 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 565 In order for a blister to ‘draw’ thoroughly, it usually has to be left on some eight hours. 1890 R. D. Blackmore Kit & Kitty (ed. 3) III. vii. 96 As soon as his poultice began to draw. 2014 D. Cummings & A. Holmes Medicinal Gardening Handbk. 107/1 Just putting clay paste onto poison ivy and letting it dry out to draw the pus, can work wonders! 61. a. transitive and intransitive. To select (one or more items) at random from a number of similar items, in order to determine which of a group of people will receive something (such as a prize) or do something (such as military service). Cf. draw n. 7.Earliest in to draw cut at cut n.¹ 1a.See also to draw lots at lot n. Phrases 2a(b), to draw short and long at short n. 3, to draw straws at straw n.¹ 5h, to draw valentines at Valentine n. 3a, to draw out of the hat at hat n. Phrases 5a. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > choose in specific way [verb (transitive)] > select from a number or for a purpose markOE to choose out1297 out-trya1325 cullc1330 welec1330 try1340 walea1350 coil1399 drawa1400 to mark outa1450 electa1513 sorta1535 prick1536 exempta1538 select1567 sort1597 to gather out1611 single1629 delibate1660 to cut out1667 outlooka1687 draught1714 draft1724 to tell off1727 the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > make types of choice [verb (intransitive)] > choose or decide by lot to cast lots (also lot)a1275 to draw lots (also lot)c1425 lot1483 to draw valentines?1553 draw1634 to draw a straw or straws1832 to draw short and long1870 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16699 A-bute his kirtel drou þai cutt, qua suld it bere a-wai. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 466 I rede, that cut amonges vs alle Be drawe, and lat se wher the cut wol falle And he þ^t hath the cut with herte blithe Shal renne to towne. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 703 (MED) Who shall..gyn som mery tale?..wee shuld now be-gyn to draw lott. 1634 H. H. in T. Herbert Relation Trav. To Earle of Pembroke sig. A3^v The Worlds a Lott'ry; He that drawes may win. 1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester v. 65 The first remove is an advantage, and therefore you must draw for who shall have the first draught, which may be done with a black and white man distributed in to either hand. a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) I. 192 Such, as attended, drew for their lots; and located them at their pleasure. 1886 Lesterre Durant I. xi. 159 They had drawn for partners, and he was congratulating himself on his luck. 1920 Daughters of Amer. Revol. Mag. Nov. 635/1 A lottery was held at Headquarters in which Robert Hanson Harrison drew for the North Carolina troops. 1937 Laredo (Texas) Times 11 June 1/4 When the name was drawn there was nobody present to take the big $850 lottery pot. 2006 D. G. Schwartz Roll Bones xii. 279 To play keno, the roller placed ninety balls into a wooden sphere called a goose, shook it, and started drawing numbers. b. transitive. To select (a person or thing) by drawing lots; to win (something) in a draw or lottery.See also to draw a bye at bye n.¹ 1b, to draw a guernsey at Guernsey n. 2a, to draw the pole at pole n.¹ 3a. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > choose in specific way [verb (transitive)] > choose or get by lot takec1175 sort1513 draw1564 lot1617 ballot1785 1564 A. Golding tr. Justinus Hist. Trogus Pompeius xxi. f. 96^v Dennis..exhorted them to send their wiues & daughters,..into the temple of Venus, out of the which ther should be a hundred drawen by lot to perfourme the common vow. 1608 Great Frost sig C3 That Lotterie was onely for money, and euery lot was ten shillings..and the common burden of that song, when poore prizes were drawne, was Two pence halfe-pennie. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 124. ⁋1 Neither of them had drawn the Thousand Pound. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1784 II. 516 Johnson was once drawn for the militia. 1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) II. 214 The jury is drawn very fairly. 1862 Temple Bar Jan. 251 She contributed her half-crown to a Derby sweepstakes..and triumphantly drew the winning horse. 1907 Pearson's Mag. Sept. 326/2 Lottery shoe-blacks, in whose shops, when you paid three pence for a ‘shine’, you ran a pleasant risk of drawing ten pounds as a prize. 1997 A. Barnett This Time vi. 180 In classical Athens there was a 201-strong governing jury drawn by lot on an equal basis from each of the city state's twelve tribes. 2002 Sunday Times (Nexis) 15 Sept. 54 To be born a slinky-hipped..Latin is to have drawn first prize in the lottery of life. c. transitive. To conduct (a lottery); to select the winning numbers, tickets, etc., for (a lottery). Also intransitive: (of a lottery) †to be drawn, to take place (obsolete). ΚΠ 1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. H3^v For whether ripe or rotten, drop we shall, as we do drawe the lotterie of our doome. 1607 E. Howes Stow's Chron. (new ed.) 434 A Lotterie for merueilous rich and bewtifull armour, was begunne to be drawne at London. 1695 J. Evelyn Diary (1952) 334 The State Lottery drawing, Mr Cock..drew a lot of £1,000 per annum. 1710 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 15 Sept. (1948) I. 19 Colonel Froud and I went to see the million lottery drawn at Guildhall. 1756 B. Franklin Let. 5 Mar. in Papers (1963) VI. 422 The Lottery draws next Monday. 1891 Judge's Libr. Aug. 29 Don't you know that the Alaskan State Lottery draws on the 23d of every month? 2012 R. Finn tr. O. Pamuk Silent House xxx. 314 When are they going to draw the lottery, Ismail? 62. transitive. To catch or try to catch fish by dragging a net through (a river, shore, or other body of water). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (transitive)] > catch fish with net > draw net along drawc1440 c1440 Sir Degrevant (Thornton) (1949) l. 113 He drew [a1500 Cambr. drowhe] his veures of fysche. 1614 J. White Def. Way True Church v. 23 When a certaine Pope sent to draw a poole for fishes, there were taken vp and brought him aboue sixe thousand infants heads. 1673 Order 10 July in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 83 That no Person do hereafter presume to draw the Shores in the River of Thames. 1758 R. Griffiths Descr. Thames 52 Where Fishermen that draw the Shores usually resort. 1784 W. Cowper Let. 10 Nov. (1981) II. 297 When they drew the river, they presented us with a fine Jack. ?1815 G. Smeeton Fisherman (new ed.) 29 In Scotland they draw the rivers for Salmon with two horses. 1850 Leader & Sat. Analyst 28 Sept. 629/2 The object was to go down and draw the river with a net of peculiar description, of a smaller mesh than usual. 1990 Daily Tel. 27 Oct. (Weeked Suppl.) p. iii/3 With the net bowed between them, they draw the shore together, working out the runnels where the fishes gather. 63. a. transitive. To remove the contents of (something, esp. an oven or kiln); to empty.See also to draw dry at Phrases 5. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > empty > empty or exhaust draw1483 rinse1575 sponge1610 clear1699 bottom1808 to clean out1844 deplete1850 deplenish1859 1483 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 89074) (1881) 263 To drawe Owen, defurnare, est de fornace extrahere. 1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Civ^v Firie-ouens..when they are drawn, they deliuer a batch for the deuils tooth. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 24 Feb. (1974) VIII. 82 Their Oven was drawn by 10 a-clock at night. 1741 W. Stephens Jrnl. 23 July in Jrnl. Proc. Georgia (1742) III. 279 He had lately drawn his Kiln of Ware, which was baking a second Time. 1748 W. Brownrigg Art of making Common Salt ii. ii. 69 Those who desire to have their salt of a small grain, boil it pretty hastily, and draw it out of the brine as soon as a considerable quantity of it is fallen to the bottom of the pan, often drawing the pan five or six times during the time that the salt is forming. 1919 Coal Age 19 Jan. 44/2 It takes considerable time to draw an oven by hand and the oven is losing valuable heat during the operation. 1998 B. Lopez About this Life ix. 168 It takes only half as many hours to unload or ‘draw’ the kiln. b. transitive. Of a plant or its roots: to drain (soil) of nutrients. Now rare (English regional in later use). ΚΠ 1738 S. Trowell New Treat. Husbandry xx. 68 They are as bad for the Plough Ground, for the Roots will draw the Ground, so as to spoil the Corn. 1743 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman (Dublin ed.) July 24 The Roots of this Plant, as they Draw the Earth very much, force on and give the Stalks a new Head. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 281 Carrots do not draw the ground more than swede turnips. 1899 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1900) II. at Draw It drors the ground so, leavin' the cabbages in to sprout. c. transitive. To drain the udders of (a cow) of milk; to milk (a cow). Now Scottish (northern). Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Banffshire and Aberdeenshire in 1940. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > dairy farming > dairy farm [verb (transitive)] > milk an animal milkOE milch1570 draw1792 spank1897 1792 W. Skirving Husbandman's Assistant ii. i. 73 The maids will then come to draw the cows; during which time, you must not be absent on any account. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 49 The calf should be allowed to draw the cow fully. 1889 J. Clark & W. Clark Leisure Musings 88 I've five milk kye, amo' the best That e'er wi' thumbs were drawn. 1928 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland I. 120/2 To milk the cow (esp. of milking at an irregular time),..to draw de coo. 64. †a. transitive. Falconry. To remove (a hawk) from the mew (mew n.² 3a) after it has moulted. Also intransitive. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cij An hawke is neuer full ferme nor redy forto drawe owte of mew vnto tyme his sercell be full groyn... Som folkys vsen when an hawke has cast his sarcell to begynne and wash hir meete. and fede hir so in mew with wash meete a monyth or .vi. weekys or euer thay drawe thaym. 1615 G. Markham Countrey Contentments i. vii. 96 Hawkes for the fielde would bee drawne from the mewe in June. 1684 J. Smith Profit & Pleasure United xi. 154 If you intend to fly at the River, draw in August, and prepare against September. 1773 J. Campbell Treat. Mod. Faulconry xxviii. 205 A hawk drawn from the mew cannot be wel prepared for flight in less than the space of four weeks. b. transitive. To select and set apart (sheep) from the flock, for breeding, fattening, selling, or culling. ΚΠ a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 54 Euery yere onys betwixt ester and whitsonday drawe your shepe and loke yeff þey be clene. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxl To drawe shepe and seuer them in dyuers parties. 1719 in J. S. Moore Clifton & Westbury Probate Inventories (1981) 196 Paid Robert Fennell for Drawing the Deceased's Sheep. 1839 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 1 ii. 169 I then proceeded..to draw forty wether hogs out of my flock of Leicesters. 1906 Jrnl. Bath & West & Southern Counties Soc. 1 125 Forty-six sheep were drawn July 24 and August 18 for the butcher, and sold by weight. 1988 M. Buckett Introd. Farm Organisation & Managem. ix. 244 Sheep are only gathered twice, for clipping and for drawing lambs for sale. 65. a. transitive. To extract (the juice, oil, or another fluid) from something by pressure, infusion, osmosis, etc. ΚΠ ?a1547 Ten Recipes Henry VIII in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. ix. 222 Drawe the muscellage of them with rose-water and white wyne. 1639 I. W. tr. P. Guybert Charitable Apothecarie i. xi, in tr. P. Guybert Charitable Physitian 73 To draw the Juice of Cherries..take out the stones and presse them. 1755 J. Wesley Primitive Physick (ed. 5) 82 Take frequently a Spoonful of Barley-water sweetened with Oil of sweet Almonds newly drawn. 1837 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. III. 313 How are the gravies to be drawn, if the cook goes to church? 1970 Vermont Life Spring 58/2 Crush half the berries with a heavy fork to draw the juice. 1993 Encycl. Americana (Internat. ed.) XII. 181/1 The fur is dampened, shaken, stroked, combed, and ironed by running a padded iron over it to draw the oils to the surface. 2005 M. Wareing in J. Norman Cook's Bk. 272/2 Salt will draw the juices from raw meat if it is left to stand for any length of time. b. transitive. To cause (tea) to undergo the extraction of flavour from the leaves; to allow (tea) to infuse. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > preparation of drinks > [verb (transitive)] > infuse infuse1541 brewa1626 draw1736 mask1799 mash1845 the world > food and drink > drink > preparation of drinks > [verb (transitive)] > make tea draw1736 to make tea1845 brew1868 infuse1891 wet1902 to drum up1910 mast1963 1736 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum (ed. 2) To Draw, has many senses; as..to draw a tea. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby ix. 80 He will be here by the time the tea's drawn. 1883 W. G. Stables Tea viii. 101 A woollen nightcap kind of an arrangement, which some worthy people stick over the teapot on the table to make it draw the tea by retaining the heat. 2005 J. Martyn Ringfort to Runway ii. iv. 147 Nonia got up again. The tea was drawn. c. intransitive. Of tea: to undergo the extraction of flavour from the leaves; to infuse the water. Also of a teapot: to enable the tea to infuse. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > serving tea or coffee > [verb (intransitive)] > become infused (of tea) draw1786 1786 J. A. Cope Ess. Virtues Ginseng Tea 8 It will draw very well, and have the colour of fine green tea. 1820 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 8 14 [The tea] took a long time to draw. 1836 Gentleman's Mag. June 627/1 I like the teapot always to have time to draw. 1891 Morning Post 25 Dec. 6/5 If people buy strong Indian tea and put the same quantity into the pot as they do of China tea..the liquor draws too strong. 1988 N. Virtue Then upon Evil Season ix. 104 While the tea was drawing in the pot, Lubin said to Effie, ‘I'm going back out there after dark.’ 1992 C. Tóibín Heather Blazing (1993) ii. 28 Carmel brought him toast and a poached egg and left the teapot on the table for the tea to draw. 66. transitive. Hunting. To search (a wood, covert, etc.) for game or a quarry.See also to draw (a wood, covert, etc.) blank at Phrases 8b. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > search for game hunta1440 draw1575 try1909 1575 [implied in: G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie 242 When huntesmen doe beate any Couerte with kennell houndes for any chase, it is called drawing of the Couert. (at drawing n. 1)]. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iv. 68 When they shal in thickets thee coouert maynelye be drawing. a1793 G. White Observ. Quadrupeds in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 212 Though the huntsman drew Hartley Wood..yet no stag could be found. 1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany ix. 143 To open the hunting season by drawing the forest..for wolves. 1891 Field 7 Nov. 693/2 Two of the..coverts were drawn without success. 1998 P. Lively Spiderweb (1999) i. 5 Hounds moved off to draw Pinner Wood, where they found and went away across Hallows Farm. 2014 H. MacDonald H is for Hawk iv. 40 He kept meticulous hunting diaries to record his progress: number of miles hacked and coverts drawn. 67. a. transitive. Of a drain or channel: to convey (water) away; to cause (water) to drain off. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)] > by draining draina1552 draw1580 spring1597 unwater1642 the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > lose liquid or moisture by draining [verb (intransitive)] drain1699 draw1843 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Vn Rayon..a drane to drawe the water out of a field. 1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 741 It hath a or Shaft to draw Water from the Mine. a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 502 That a rhine may be cut and made through Mere Heathway at the heath rhine to draw the heath water from the floor between Mere Heathway & Ham Wall. 1843 Farmer's Mag. July 46/1 These drains draw quickly, and are durable on the best chalky-clay soils. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 6 ii. 573 The deep drains draw the water from a distance of 22 feet. 1912 C. G. Elliott Pract. Farm Drainage (new ed.) ii. 12 This accounts for the popular notion that a covered drain ‘draws’ better than an open one. 1991 New Scientist 25 May 41/2 Agnew predicts that these ‘buried open drains’ will draw water away from walls more effectively. b. intransitive. Of a liquid: to drain off, to percolate. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > away to run off1607 draw1608 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 243 They forsake the water when it draweth or falleth lowe. 1810 G. Robertson Gen. View Kincardineshire xiii. 368 The subsoil is so concreted, or hard, that water does not draw or filter beyond a few feet of distance. 1856 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 17 ii. 488 It is a common belief that water draws better down a curved drain than a straight one. 1918 Domest. Engin. 2 Mar. 331/1 If the water draws through the heater, the velocity is so high that it is not heated. 1997 J. Van Loon & P. Bortolotti Echoes from Edge iii. 45 The apartment remains silent except for the dripping noise of the coffee as it draws through the filter. 68. a. transitive. To take or be dealt (a playing card) from the deck; to have (a particular hand) as a result of this. ΚΠ 1591 R. Greene Notable Discouery of Coosenage f. 5 The Barnacle when he hath drawn one Card sayth, ile eyther winne something or loose something. a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1618) sig. H2^v For either Faustus prime is with three knaues, Or Marcus neuer can encounter right, Yet drew two aces. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 46 The other Country-fellow, that was..drawing his Cards. ?1870 F. Hardy & J. R. Ware Mod. Hoyle 156 When a player draws two cards instead of one, he intimates the fact at once. 1887 ‘S. Cumberland’ Queen's Highway 276 Some one at the table had drawn a ‘full hand’ of a higher denomination. 1946 C. McCullers Member of Wedding iii. 173 In those bridge games..nobody ever drew a good hand. 1966 H. Brean Traces of Merrilee xvii. 166 I drew the five of diamonds—a portent. 2000 B. McNally How to play Poker & Win 23 Should he call the bet hoping to draw the flush and probably win the pot or should be cut his losses and fold? b. intransitive. To take a card or cards from the deck; to be dealt a card or cards from the deck. Also: to take a domino from the stock (see, e.g., quot. 1814). ΚΠ c1715 Games most in Use 36 The nearest to it may win, he having the Privilege to draw, or not to draw as he pleases, according as he finds it convenient, by the Cards that are in his Hand. 1814 C. Jones Hoyle's Games Improved (new ed.) 183 Sometimes when two persons play, they take each only seven pieces, and agree to play or draw, i. e. when one cannot come in, or pair with the pieces on the board at the end unmatched, he then is to draw from the fourteen pieces in stock till he find one to suit. 1848 E. Bennett Mike Fink i. 8/2 The old woman made no reply, but passing the cards to Fink, motioned him to draw from the pack. 1882 Poker 31 Scott drew to ‘fill a straight and a flush both’. 1891 Field 28 Nov. 842/3 The dealer can only draw from the stock. 1913 R. F. Foster Cooncan 11 As long as no player has succeeded in getting rid of all his cards, each player in turn continues to draw and discard, until the pack runs out. 2002 A. Bellin Poker Nation ix. 154 I palm the necessary card from my hand when it's his turn to draw, place it on top of the deck, and deal it to him. †69. transitive. Criminals' slang. To steal (something) from a person, esp. by picking his or her pocket; to pick the pocket of (a person). Also: to steal from (a place). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1591 [implied in: R. Greene Notable Discouery of Coosenage f. 8^v In Figging Law... Taking the Purse, Drawing. (at drawing n. 3)]. 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Wiper drawer, a pickpocket, one who steals handkerchiefs; he drew a broad, narrow, cam, or speckt wiper, he picked a pocket of a broad, narrow, cambrick, or coloured handkerchief. 1799 Sporting Mag. Feb. 259/1 Drawing a reader with bank screens—Stealing a pocket-book with bank notes. Drawing a thimble—Stealing a watch from the side or fob. 1827 Newcastle Mag. June 255 I drew a swell of his wipe as clean as your nose. 1829 W. Maginn tr. E. F. Vidocq et al. Mem. IV. App. 263 I met a swell, a well-togged spark. I stops a bit: then toddles quicker, For I'd prigged his reader, drawn his ticker. 1846 R. L. Snowden Magistrate's Assistant 344 To rob a till, to pinch a lob: or draw a damper. 70. a. transitive. To withdraw (something), esp. to withdraw (a horse) from a race. Frequently in earlier sporting use: to withdraw (a bet or wager): see also to draw stakes at stake n.² 1d. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > withdraw withdraw?c1225 surtrayc1440 surtretec1440 abstract1449 subtracta1538 substract1542 extracta1572 draw1600 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. i. 151 Goe wash thy face and draw the action. View more context for this quotation 1708 Brit. Apollo 15–20 Oct. We wou'd..advise the Wagerers to draw Stakes. 1741 London Evening-Post 28 July The Odds turn'd in the Match several Times on both Sides, and when play'd out, a Tye, which occasion'd the Betts to be drawn on both Sides. 1759 F. Douglas Rural Love 8 Mess James affronted drew his pass. 1809 Brit. Press 5 Apr. in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1810) 13 61 He [sc. a horse] was drawn at the late Westminster races. 1838 J. H. Newman Lett. & Corr. (1891) II. 258 If he would specify any Tract which he wished drawn from publication..I would do so forthwith. 1848 Bell’s Life in London 10 Sept. 6/3 All bets were drawn on the field in the usual manner when the game is undecided. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. ix. 411 ‘Rory-o-more drawn. Butterfly colt amiss’, shouted the student. 1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 445/3 A and B start in a race..A is drawn on account of lameness; B finishes the race. 1884 Wigan Observer 1 Nov. 8/3 [Wrestling] The referee ordered the men to weigh in on Monday at the same time as on Saturday, and renew hostilities at three o'clock. All bets were drawn. 1909 Daily Republican (Rushville, Indiana) 2 Sept. 1/5 Smith..alighted on his feet running and never fell. The Duke was drawn from the race. 2006 Guardian (Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island) (Nexis) 9 Aug. b/3 Liams Irish Luck from the Jim Whelan Stable was drawn because of lameness. b. transitive. To leave the outcome of (a match or contest) undecided; to cause (a match or contest) to end in a draw.The more usual term in North America for causing a match to end when each competitor has the same score is tie (see tie v. 7d). [The semantic development of this sense is not entirely clear, but may have been via an unattested original sense ‘to withdraw from, abandon, give up (a contest)’.] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete with [verb (transitive)] > leave (a contest) undecided draw1610 society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > be equal with > draw a game draw1610 1610 [implied in: D. Carleton Let. 17 June in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) I. 115 It concluded, as it is many times in a cock pit, with a drawn match; for nothing was in the end put to the question. (at drawn adj. 7)]. 1664 J. Moyle in H. Bold Poems sig. A6^v For whom, the Muses, and the Graces strove, Which should deserve him best, to be their Love: At length they drew the match, (yet left it fair:) And each compounded in him, for a share. 1756 W. Payne Introd. Game of Draughts 53 (heading) Critical situations to draw Games. 1808 J. H. Sarratt Treat. Game of Chess II. 197 The player who has the Pawn, must..play it with great caution, else his adversary will frequently be enabled to draw the game. 1878 W. Besant & J. Rice By Celia's Arbour I. v. 64 Once or twice the battle was drawn by foreign intervention. 1892 Graphic 10 Sept. 302/3 The tendency to draw a match rather than gain a victory at the cost of an individual wicket or two is far less marked. 2019 Scotsman (Nexis) 2 Mar. We won our league without losing or even drawing a game and scored hundreds of goals. c. transitive. Cricket. To cause (a match) to have no winner, because the team batting last has not completed its innings (i.e. been bowled out or exceeded the opposing team's score) by the end of the scheduled playing time. Cf. draw n. 19b.Normally contrasted with tie, which is used when there is no winner because the scores are level after both teams have completed their innings.Draw is used in matches that are scheduled to last for a certain period of time, and not in limited-overs matches. ΚΠ 1785 Kentish Gaz. 22 July After the greatest exertions on both sides (from its equality) was agreed to be drawn. 1839 Chelmsford Chron. 12 July As it is a rule amongst these gentlemen never to exceed the day's play, the match is considered as drawn. 1871 ‘Thomsonby’ Cricketers in Council 59 To ‘draw’ a match by refusing to play the ten minutes necessary for finishing it is, in our opinion, a very paltry proceeding. 1881 Boy's Own Paper 23 Apr. 487/1 Both the Clifton and Marlborough matches were drawn—the Clifton match greatly in their favour. 1923 John Wisden’s Cricketers’ Almanack (ed. 60) ii. 43 A splendid match had to be left drawn through bad weather. 1953 Playfair Cricket Ann. 43 This match [sc. between New Zealand and South Africa], and also the one against Otago, was drawn. 1998 Daily Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 8 Apr. 71 Warringah only had to draw or tie the match to win the competition. d. intransitive. To play in a game or contest in which the outcome is a draw; to achieve the same score or ranking as another competitor or team.The more usual term in North America is tie (see tie v. 7a). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete or rival [verb (intransitive)] > be equal in a contest tie1870 draw1880 society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete or rival [verb (intransitive)] > leave a contest undecided draw1880 1880 Cambr. Rev. 10 Nov. 72/2 Against the old Wykehamists under Association rules we ‘drew’ with two goals each. 1892 Evening News & Post 13 Feb. (Special ed.) 1/7 The Oxford ‘Socker’ team drew with the Old Wykehamists. 1895 Westm. Gaz. 2 Nov. 7/2 If First Trinity wins, it will be the first success they have had since they drew twenty-one years ago. 1973 P. Arnold & C. Davis Hamlyn Bk. World Soccer 121/1 They..lost to Russia, drew with Chile, eliminated Italy, qualified for the quarter-finals and led Portugal by three goals before the scythe of Eusebio finally cut them down. 2007 P. Crerand Never turn Other Cheek vii. 139 We drew 3–3.., a game famous for the spurs goalkeeper Pat Jennings scoring direct from a kick-out. 71. transitive. To pull (bulbs, vegetables, etc.) from the ground; to harvest (root vegetables). Now rare. ΚΠ 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ vii. 112 After a year or two divers young Springs may be drawn with Roots, and planted at a distance. 1718 R. Bradley New Improvem. Planting & Gardening: Pt. 3 127 The Radishes will soon be fit to draw, and the Carrots be ready for the Table about May. 1842 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 3 ii. 387 A poor crop of turnips..one half of which was drawn, and the other eaten off by sheep. 1881 Hampshire Advertiser 27 Aug. 2/5 As soon as the onion crop is sufficiently ripe have the bulbs drawn during fine weather. 1943 Cornishman 3 June 5/3 Farmers in the district are starting to draw early potatoes. 72. transitive. In fox-hunting and badger baiting: to drag or force (a fox or badger) from its hole.See also to draw the badger at badger n.² Phrases 1, badger drawing n. at badger n.² Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > drive from lair or cover starta1393 raisec1425 to put upa1475 rear1486 uprear1486 to start out1519 rouse1531 uncouch?a1562 to den outa1604 dislodge1632 tufta1640 draw1781 jump1836 1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting xxii. 310 If you let the fox first seize your whip, the hound will draw him more readily. 1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 272 You see this little terrier..many a fox has he drawn from earth. 1844 J. T. J. Hewlett Parsons & Widows I. iii. 62 Bait cats, and draw badgers. 1933 Times 6 Nov. 4/6 They then raced towards Stainburn Willows, turned, and marked to ground near Leathley Hall. One hound drew the fox, and he was killed. 1975 W. Boorer in Beautiful Animals 131/1 He decided to improve the rather nondescript mongrel terriers used for bolting foxes and drawing badgers. †73. transitive. To process (clover or trefoil) by removing the husks from the seeds; to separate (seeds) from husks. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1813 Norfolk Chron. & Norwich Gaz. 14 Aug. A corn thrashing machine, that will work with two or four horses, and will cobb and draw clover seed. 1827 Bury & Norwich Post 7 Feb. His men had been drawing trefoil, and about 300 sacks of the dirt having accumulated in the barn, heated, and broke out in flames. 1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 283 Seed is drawn on a wooden frame on which the cob is laid, while 5 or 6 men hammer away with flails. 1880 J. W. Hill Illustr. Guide Agric. Implem. 73 These Machines will draw from three to four bushels of Clover, and from four to six of Trefoil Seed per hour, with the same Barrel, thereby..dispensing entirely with the trouble of shifting the Barrels every time it is desired to change from drawing Clover to Trefoil. 74. transitive. To separate a width of (machine-made lace) into sections by removing the threads joining the sections. Cf. draw thread n. at draw- comb. form 1. Now historical. ΚΠ 1835 Nottingham Rev. 10 Apr. 2/5 Elizabeth Strangeway, 19, was charged with stealing a variety of apparel, belonging to Sarah Calton, her mistress... She employed the prisoner in drawing lace. 1843 Penny Satirist 25 Mar. 2/3 Dear little creatures are sent to draw lace at three and four years of age. 1991 J. Worthen D. H. Lawrence: Early Years (1992) i. iv. 17 His daughters were ‘ladies’—even if they worked at drawing lace. 75. transitive. To fill a bathtub with (water for a bath); to run (a bath). Also intransitive: (of a bath) to be run. ΚΠ 1850 Water-cure Jrnl. June 187/1 I..drew a bath of about ninety degrees, set him in it, and commenced rubbing his body. 1896 E. P. Train Social Highwayman i. 11 I had ample time, before my master rang, to set the apartment in order..and draw his bath. 1927 Weekly Irish Times 17 Sept. 19/5 The girl..was now asking..if she should draw her bath water. 1951 T. Sterling House without Door ii. x. 108 While the bath was drawing she took toothbrush..and deodorant from her bathroom cabinet. 2014 Daily Mail (Nexis) 20 Jan. On more gloomy nights he would..draw me a bath where I would soak away my mood. †76. transitive. Cricket. To take (a wicket). Cf. to draw (the) stumps at stump n.¹ 9a. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1861 Once a Week 10 Aug. 182/1 When I drew his wicket with..my second ball, he broke his bat upon the ground in a sudden fit of rage. 77. transitive. To extract (a sample of a liquid, esp. blood) with a syringe, pipette, or other suction device. Cf. to draw blood at Phrases 2b. ΚΠ 1870 Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med. Apr. 70 I have once drawn fluid when it was of honey-like consistence, so that it took time for it to come to a level in the basin where it fell. 1881 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 82 66 Each time only a drachm or two of very thick pus was drawn, owing to the needle becoming clogged. 1954 Biometrics 10 222 Three people each drew a sample of the fluid to the 0.1 mark of a Thoma-Ziess white cell pipet. 1994 Dog World Jan. 36/3 A CBC is like a snapshot of the blood, indicating what is happening with the blood at the moment the sample was drawn. To obtain, derive, or elicit something. 78.** a. transitive. With †of, from: to take or obtain (something) from a particular source, esp. a source of information; to derive. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > obtain from a source or derive takec1175 drawa1300 to take out of ——1483 suck1535 to suck out1546 derive1561 extract1596 to take up1610 a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) l. 210 Alle we atter draȝen off ure eldere, Ðe broken Driȝtinnes word. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iii. xxiii. 126 Of þat book we drouȝ what we telliþ of þis matere. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5581 Of israel sede..wald he drau his manhede. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 193 Now we han medycyns drawen of .ij. wellis & of manie maistris. a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) Prol. l. 144 On of faire..Of the which I am drawen lynyally. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Tabil sig. .iii^v Foure familiar exempillis drawin fra ye haly scripture. 1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist.* 376 The stocke from whence he draweth his descent. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xxvi. 157 The Legate used an inartificiall argument drawn from the authority of his place. 1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 232 Which kind of custom happily the Chineses drew from the Persians. 1758 S. Johnson Let. 21 Sept. (1992) I. 167 The consolation which is drawn from truth..is solid and durable. 1800 W. Whiter (title) Etymologicon magnum..with illustrations drawn from various languages. 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 197 This incidental hint may perhaps draw some indirect confirmation from the highest evidence of all. 1907 Oxf. Mag. 12 June 413/2 A collection of other matter drawn from various sources, all bearing upon the great batsmen and bowlers. 1977 Punch 31 Aug. 335/3 If you still think that harmonisation is so much Brussels poppycock..then draw comfort from this statistic. 2008 Church Times 1 Aug. 23/1 De Bray drew his subject matter from a popular drama. b. intransitive. To take or obtain something from a particular source, esp. a source of information.Cf. to draw on —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2 and to draw upon —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2 for senses with a similar meaning. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (intransitive)] findOE covera1375 to come therebyc1386 obtain1477 get?1505 draw1755 1755 J. Taylor Elements Civil Law 114 Not different or distinct in their Nature (for they all drew from the same Fountain) but varying in the Force of their Operations only. 1829 Examiner 6 Dec. 772/2 His Lordship has drawn from other sources than his own brain. 1870 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (ed. 2) I. App. 686 We get a spirited account of the Battle of Assandun, from which I have not scrupled to draw largely. 1949 Life 14 Nov. 75 To portray their weaknesses, he drew from a passage by Gregory. 2001 K. H. Carter Gifted Pastor 143 The author draws from his own personal experiences and writes in a style that is accessible and engaging. 79. a. transitive. With from, out of. To call (something) forth; to elicit; esp. to make a person divulge (something).Cf. sense 37 where there is no suggestion that the object has been deliberately elicited.See also to draw out 5 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth movea1398 drawa1400 provoke?a1425 askc1450 to draw out1525 to stir up1526 allure?1532 suscitate1532 to call out1539 to draw fortha1569 draw1581 attract1593 raise1598 force1602 fetch1622 milka1628 invite1650 summon1679 elicit1822 to work up?1833 educe1840 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1522 Organis harp and oþer gleu, He drou þan oute o musik neu. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos vii. sig. Ciiij By subtyl meanes entendyng to drawe from hir som wordes seruynge to theyr entenconn. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin xiii. 737 His restraint was chiefly to draw from him the secrets of Franciscomaria. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 252. ⁋3 So great an Orator in this Way, that she draws from me what Sums she pleases. 1843 Mirror Lit., Amusem., & Instr. 7 Oct. 231/2 I then made a new attempt to draw from him the cause of his distress. 1861 Temple Bar May 280 He drew from me all the information I had been able to elicit. 1908 Antioch (Illinois) News 25 June 1/6 A reporter visited the Thompson home and drew the story out of the occupants of the house. 2018 S. Saylor Throne of Caesar 64 Gordianus the Finder was said to have an uncanny power to draw secrets from others. b. transitive. Cards. In whist, bridge, and other trick-taking games: to cause one's opponents to play (their trump cards); to ensure that (trump cards) are played. ΚΠ 1863 ‘A. C.’ & ‘B. D.’ Whist Stud. xx. 52 A. led clubs, through the presumably strong hand, to give his partner a chance of getting the lead, that he may draw trumps, and bring in his own long suits. 1878 H. H. Gibbs Game of Ombre (ed. 2) 41 He draws all the trumps and wins all the tricks. 1955 A. Sheinwold Bridge Play for Beginners iii. 71 Sometimes your general line of play at a suit contract is to draw trumps fairly early and then develop your other tricks. 2016 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 9 Apr. b11/4 South should win the second heart trick with his ace and draw two rounds of trumps. 80. transitive. To infer, deduce (a conclusion); to make (an inference). Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by from, specifying the basis for the conclusion or inference, e.g. to draw this conclusion from the facts. Cf. sense 89. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > deduce by syllogism [verb (transitive)] > infer infer1529 draw1573 1573 T. Cartwright Replye to Answere Whitgifte 113 Secondarily, thys error came by a false and vnnecessary conclusyon drawne of that place. 1576 A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. 176 (margin) A conclusion..drawne from hope and bonne esperaunce. 1645 J. Saltmarsh Free-grace v. 98 So as I shall draw this conclusion for many that are in the dark in this point. 1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 132 From innocent Looks drawing what Conclusions they please. 1795 Gentleman's Mag. 65 541/1 Astonished at the logick which could draw such an inference. 1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest I. viii. 136 What inference would you draw from that? 1885 S. Laing Mod. Sc. & Mod. Thought (1894) 146 Conclusions drawn from a totally different class of facts. 1908 Secret Service 24 Jan. 6/1 ‘What do you mean—that there is another?’ ‘Draw your own conclusions. Good day!’ 1938 R. Frost in R. P. Tristram Coffin New Poetry of New Eng. vi. 138 A forty year old telegraph operatress had drawn her own inference from my telegrams. 2014 Yorks. Post 7 Nov. 6/2 The actor..branded anyone who had drawn such a conclusion a ‘complete berk.’ 81. transitive. To receive (a salary, pension, or other revenue); to withdraw (money held in a bank or other institution). Cf. to draw down 4 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > receive or take money takec1300 perceivea1382 rear1418 draw1591 rake1601 to get up1627 touch1654 1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 340 He may drawe the money disbursed at the Officers and Collonels hands. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 86 If euery ducat in sixe thousand ducats were in sixe parts, and euery part a ducat, I would not draw them, I would haue my bond. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King Lear (1623) i. i. 85 What can you say, to draw A third, more opilent then your Sisters? 1779 J. Moore View Society & Manners France (1789) I. xxiv. 195 And draw a revenue from the poor inhabitants. 1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 532/2 [He] drew his salary quarterly. 1879 G. A. Sala Paris herself Again II. vii. 85 Ladies who have come to the Bank to draw their dividends. 1911 Rep. Labour & Social Conditions in Germany (Tariff Reform League) III. 92 The man cannot draw his pension until he is 70 years of age, except through invalidity. 1959 Earl Jowitt & C. Walsh Dict. Eng. Law II. 1432/1 The last prothonotary of the Chancery..survived until 1874, drawing his salary for a sinecure office for more than 82 years. 2015 Investors Chron. 2 Apr. 37/1 Have you considered drawing less tax-free cash at 60 to enjoy more ‘tax-free income’? 82. transitive. Esp. in the army or navy: to obtain (rations or supplies) from a store or issuing body. ΚΠ 1760 Orders 5 June in S. K. Stevens & D. H. Kent Papers Henry Bouquet (1978) IV. 583 The Contractors in the victualling Service being allowed to draw one Ration of Provisions Each per day. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. viii. 93 We were ordered to the dock-yard to draw sea-stores. 1917 A. G. Empey Over the Top vii. 46 He ordered me to go with him and help him draw the next day's rations, also told me to take my waterproof. 1951 B. Catton Mr. Lincoln's Army (1962) iv. i. 167 When the regimental quartermaster drew shoes he had to go around the other regiments, swapping fives and sixes for nines and tens. 2020 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 12 May Maharashtra had entered into an agreement with 11 states to allow their natives living in Maharashtra to draw rations based on ration cards issued in their home states. 83. transitive. Originally colloquial. To elicit information from (a person); to induce (a person) to speak about a matter. Now frequently in passive. Cf. draw n. 13.See also to draw out 9 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > question intensively apposec1315 opposec1380 demand1526 grate?1538 pump1611 sweat1764 probe1804 draw1854 grill1894 third-degree1928 to put through the wringer1942 1854 C. Reade in Bentley's Misc. 36 126 That Hickman is a liar after all; don't let me be too hasty in believing all this about Robert and that girl. I'll draw the farmer. 1891 Athenæum 5 Sept. 330/1 It is a pity that the dramatist lets himself be drawn by the interviewer. 1904 Jrnl. Soc. Chem. Industry 30 Nov. 1071/2 The Chairman had attempted to draw him on the subject of conveying electricity to a distance. 1999 Grocer 24 July 5/3 Byers, meanwhile, refused to be drawn on the food issues. 2015 D. Wingrove Ocean of Time (2016) 145 I seek to draw him about the circumstances, but all he will say is ‘Not here. Not now.’ †84. transitive. colloquial. To tease (a person) in order to provoke a response; to irritate, exasperate. Obsolete.This sense is perhaps a figurative use of sense 72. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > irritate [verb (transitive)] gremec893 grillc897 teenOE mispay?c1225 agrillec1275 oftenec1275 tarya1300 tarc1300 atenec1320 enchafec1374 to-tarc1384 stingc1386 chafe?a1400 pokec1400 irec1420 ertc1440 rehete1447 nettlec1450 bog1546 tickle1548 touch1581 urge1593 aggravate1598 irritate1598 dishumour1600 to wind up1602 to pick at ——1603 outhumour1607 vex1625 bloody1633 efferate1653 rankle1659 spleen1689 splenetize1700 rile1724 roil1742 to put out1796 to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823 roughen1837 acerbate1845 to stroke against the hair, the wrong way (of the hair)1846 nag1849 to rub (a person, etc.) up the wrong way1859 frump1862 rattle1865 to set up any one's bristles1873 urticate1873 needle1874 draw1876 to rough up1877 to stick pins into1879 to get on ——1880 to make (someone) tiredc1883 razoo1890 to get under a person's skin1896 to get a person's goat1905 to be on at1907 to get a person's nanny1909 cag1919 to get a person's nanny-goat1928 cagmag1932 peeve1934 tick-off1934 to get on a person's tits1945 to piss off1946 bug1947 to get up a person's nose1951 tee1955 bum1970 tick1975 1876 R. M. Jephson Girl he left behind Him I. i. 3 It's no fun drawing him. He never gets riled, and it's awfully slow work drawing a fellow if he doesn't cut up rough. 1885 R. Kipling Cause of Humanity & Other Stories (2019) 30 We used to chaff him fearfully; and draw him about four nights out of the seven. 1890 M. W. Hungerford Born Coquette II. xx. 220 The hostess..is not here to be badgered and worried and drawn. 1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 16 July 4/2 But if the Parnellites cannot often ruffle Mr. Balfour's aristocratic hauteur they had the satisfaction last night of seeing him regularly ‘drawn’ by Mr. Morley. VI. Senses relating to delineation or representation. 85. a. transitive. To produce (a line or shape) on a surface with a pencil, pen, or other implement.See also to draw a line in the sand at line n.² Additions. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)] > line or figure drawc1300 trace1390 scribe1887 c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 226-8 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 500 To arsmetrike he drouȝ..& his figours drouȝ aldai..Arsmetrike is a lore þat of figours al is & of drauȝtes as me draweþ in poudre. c1392 Equatorie of Planetis 24 (MED) Draw thanne by thi rewle a lyne fro the hed of aries to the hed of libra. c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §38. 47 Draw a strike, euene alyne fro the pyn vn-to the Middel prikke. 1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. i. Defin. A Straight lyne, is the shortest that maye be drawenne betweene two prickes. 1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 130 Wyth th' one fote of your compasse (placinge th' other foote in K.) drawe Cyrcles. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. 24 The Center..from which Point all Lines drawn to the Circumference are equal. 1806 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) I. 286 A Perpendicular is the Shortest Line that can be drawn from a Given Point to an Indefinite Line. 1906 Official Handbk. Hockey Assoc. 120 In front of each goal shall be drawn a white line. 2011 P. J. Perry Sticks & Stones 31 Draw a circle on the ground... Put a numeral in each segment. b. transitive. To produce (a representation of something) by making lines and marks with a pencil, pen, or other implement. Also occasionally: †to make (a three-dimensional model of something); to sculpt, mould, model (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > three-dimensional representation > make three-dimensional representation of [verb (transitive)] drawa1398 model1624 society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)] > a picture or representation drawa1398 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)] writeeOE drawa1398 descrivec1400 describe1538 to draw forth1539 to set out1545 design1570 to draw out1576 detrain1587 lineate16.. linea1616 redraw1728 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > modelling > model [verb (transitive)] drawa1398 mould1408 moul1530 model1624 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. xxxvii. 1296 Egipcians founde first peynture. Mannes schadewe was purtrayed, ytrased, and ydrawe wiþ draughtes and wiþ lynes, and after peynted wiþ simple colours. c1450 J. Capgrave Solace of Pilgrims (Bodl. 423) (1911) 2 (MED) Þe descripcioun..of rome, þat was before schortly drawe in a mappa. a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxxiiii^v We rede that saynt Luke the euangelyst drewe and made an ymage of our sauyour Iesu. 1584 J. Lyly Campaspe (new ed.) iii. iv. sig. D^v Alex. Where do you first begin, when you drawe any picture? 1654 R. Codrington tr. Sextus Aurelius Victor Coll. Lives Emperors in tr. Justinus Hist. 599 He could draw the figures of men exactly [1606 make Images] in Earth or Clay. 1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 576 Will a Picture continue that is drawn upon an Ice? 1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing iv. 203 The forms of the figures..were finely imagined and correctly drawn. 1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxi, in Temple Bar Aug. 24 He drew cartoons on wood. 1896 Pedagogical Seminary Oct. 79 In answer to the request to draw a picture of a man she promptly makes a tangle of scribbles and calls it ‘man’. 1918 J. M. Barrie Echoes of War 5 In the rough sketch drawn for to-morrow's press..you will find Mrs. Dowey's home therein marked with a X. 1969 E. Connell Mr Bridge xxi. 52 Douglas sprawled on the floor drawing pictures in a tablet with a box of crayons. 2018 M. Khan I am Thunder xii. 81 Mr Dunthorpe..drew a spider diagram on the board. c. transitive. figurative. To depict (something) through the use of words; to portray in words; to describe. Also with picture, portrait, etc., as object. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)] sayOE devisec1300 readc1300 to make (a) showing ofc1330 counterfeitc1369 expressc1386 scrievec1390 descrya1400 scrya1400 drawa1413 representc1425 describec1450 report1460 qualify?1465 exhibit1534 perscribe1538 to set out1545 deline1566 delineate1566 decipher1567 denotate1599 lineate16.. denote1612 givea1616 inform?1615 to shape out1633 speaka1637 display1726 to hit off1737 a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 262 And sith þe ende is of euery tales strengþe..What sholde I poynte or drawen it on lenghþe. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. H4^v, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Hauing drawen his portraiture, I send the first counterfeite to himselfe. 1647 King of Utopia 5 He in our monarchy drew the Picture of al happy Governments, and our ingratefull hand have disfigured the figure. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 309. ¶7 Mammon's character is so fully drawn in the First Book. 1780 Earl of Malmesbury Let. June in Diaries & Corr. (1844) I. 314 He draws a pathetical picture of his age and ailings. 1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music IV. vi. 319 I shall insert here the character drawn of them by..the late Mr Quantz, who was frequently present at the performance. 1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 249/1 Macaulay..draws a flattering picture of William's capabilities. 1891 Sat. Rev. 19 Dec. 696/2 The character of Pamphilus..shows how Terence could draw a young man. 1916 Christian Reg. 21 Dec. 1214/2 The spirit of the book is good, and the girls are drawn sympathetically, with realistic touches. 2006 Independent 31 Mar. (Arts & Bks. Review section) 35/6 Smith's richly layered novel combines..page-turning plot with characters that are deliciously, deftly drawn. 2014 New Yorker 24 Nov. 131/1 Fitzgerald drew a caustic yet tender group portrait of her fellow-houseboaters. d. intransitive. To produce an image of something by making lines and marks with a pencil, pen, or other implement; to practise the art of drawing. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (intransitive)] drawc1425 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (intransitive)] drawc1425 design1662 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 509 He sent..for euery ymagour..& euery purtreyour Þat coude drawe, or with colour peynt With hewes fresche. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 526 He draweth as well in blacke and whyte, as any man in Englande. 1568 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Dial Princes (rev. ed.) iii. f. 5^v I then for a truth learned there to drawe and painte, and my master was Diogenetus, who in those dayes was a famous painter. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. xi. 38 Did those great Italian Masters..always draw with the same ease and freedom? 1763 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting III. v. 147 Boit,..was upon so low a foot, that he went into the country, and taught children to draw. 1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxi, in Temple Bar Aug. 23 A night-school in Frith Street, Soho, where he could draw from the ‘round’. 1918 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 57 153 It is a godsend for the history of the American Indians that Catlin was never taught to draw. 2006 I. Lee George, best of All! 24 Katie sat at the kitchen table. She was drawing on a piece of paper. e. transitive. To produce an image of (a person or thing) by making lines and marks with a pencil, pen, or other implement; to depict (a person or thing) by means of a drawing.For possible earlier currency see note in etymology section. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)] figurec1380 draw1542 tract1611 exhibit1799 1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca Adumbro, some do suppose that it signifieth, to trycke a thynge, or drawe it grossely, as paynters doo at the begynnyng. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. iii. f. 37 A good wise Paynter, who hauing to draw the singuler bewties of Hellene, assembled together a company of the fayrest women he coulde get. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. i. 92 He falls to such perusall of my face As a would draw it. View more context for this quotation 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 18 Here are many rare sorts of Birds..one only I haue drawne. 1797 H. Lemoine Art of Speaking iv. 114 Apelles..drew him in profile, with the half-face that had no deformity. 1833 Mechanics' Mag. 341 Those who draw the objects on wood, as well as engrave them. 1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxvi, in Temple Bar Oct. 304 Leech has drawn him in Punch five hundred times. 1975 W. Abish Alphabet. Afr. 46 By and large I prefer a 4B pencil as I draw Alva's face from memory. 2003 J. Lethem Fortress of Solitude i. iv. 66 Different artists drew the same characters different ways. 86. †a. intransitive. To write or treat of something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > treatise or dissertation > write treatise or dissertation [verb (intransitive)] draw1340 discourse1547 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 164 Þe filozofes þet of þise uirtues droȝen, hi to-delden þise uirtues ine zix deles. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28869 And for þer mater es gode to knau, Of almus sal i for-þer drau. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 2315 Of abraham now wil we drau [Fairf. draghe, Trin. Cambr. drawe]. b. transitive. To write or compose (a piece of text, esp. an official document); = to draw up 6 at Phrasal verbs 1.See also to draw out 2a at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > manner of writing > [verb (transitive)] > draw up document writeOE makec1300 drawc1390 to make upa1425 to make out1465 prepare1562 to draw up1623 scriven1742 to draw out1773 redact1837 c1390 St. Dunstan (Vernon) l. 126 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 23 Of harpe he couþe i-nouh..and a lay þer-on he drouh. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20061 In sotherin englis was it draun, And turnd it haue i till our aun Langage o northrin lede. c1440 (a1349) R. Rolle Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 10 (MED) A notabill Tretys..Drawen by Richerde, the hermyte off Hampull. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aii I thought it necessary to drawe a treatyse for my selfe. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xxi A forme of a league and amitie shoulde be drawen with condicions, clauses and couenauntes. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 391 Clarke, draw a deede of gift. View more context for this quotation 1667 S. Pepys Diary 21 July (1974) VIII. 346 Drawing a letter..to present to the Lords-Commissioners for Tanger tomorrow. a1720 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1722) vii. 359 They..caused an Indictment to be drawn against us. 1829 Examiner 6 Dec. 778/2 The Acts of Parliament were drawn so negligently, that it was somewhat difficult to arrive at the real meaning of the Legislature. 1879 L. Stephen Johnson iii. 72 Langton had employed Chambers..to draw his will. 1906 Pacific Reporter 82 58/1 That said document was drawn by said Truesdell, as attorney of said decedent, in the course of his professional employment. 1970 N.Y. Times 30 Dec. 25 He had resided in Los Angeles, where he drew his will June 23, 1970. 2008 Tennessee Tribune 26 June 8 a Participants in a lease purchase should also hire a real estate lawyer to draw the documents. 87. transitive. To cut (a furrow) by drawing a ploughshare through the soil. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > plough (land) [verb (transitive)] > of a furrow: plough draw1538 plough1677 rib-furrow1796 mould-furrow1851 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Vruare, is also to drawe a furrowe with a plowgh aboute a place. 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. L2 A man..shuld take his plow, & go draw a furrow in a field. 1625 G. Markham Inrichm. Weald of Kent 11 It is good also to draw a crosse or quarter Furrow, and opening the ends of all your land Furrowes into it. 1798 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XX. 474 They intended to sow barley, that is, to draw a wide furrow, so as merely to make the land, as they termed it, red. 1844 A. W. Machen Lett. (1917) 24 Apr. 97 Hiram started in the waggon for Alexandria. Abner drew furrows for corn. Charles ploughed for corn. 1913 J. Muir Story of my Boyhood vi. 221 Very soon I had to become a good ploughman, or rather ploughboy. None could draw a straighter furrow. 2007 Church Times 20 July 32/3 The old horseman..tells me how it was when he drew his first furrow, setting it against a holly bush in the distant hedge. †88. transitive. To devise, contrive (something); to arrange. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plan [verb (transitive)] > devise (a plan) lay11.. compound1520 draw?c1550 hammer1582 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrange [verb (transitive)] stightc825 fadec1020 orderc1225 adightc1275 dightc1275 castc1320 raila1350 form1362 stightlea1375 rayc1380 informa1382 disposea1387 throwc1390 addressa1393 shifta1400 rengea1425 to set forth?c1450 rule1488 rummage1544 marshalc1547 place1548 suit1552 dispone1558 plat1587 enrange1590 draw1663 range1711 arrange1791 to lay out1848 ?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Three Bks. Eng. Hist. (1844) xxv. 179 Burning with rage incredible..he drew a plot for the lord Hastinges. 1586 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Quarto MS (1920) 193 Iudas..any vyler draucht nor thow did neuer draw. 1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 71^v Straight she drew a plot to haue him slaine. 1663 F. Hawkins tr. Youths Behaviour (ed. 8) sig. F6/2 The matter of any Book or Science, drawn into Indexes or Tables. 89. transitive. To make (a comparison or distinction) between two or more things. Cf. sense 80. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > construct workOE dighta1175 to set upc1275 graitha1300 formc1300 pitchc1330 compoundc1374 to put togethera1387 performc1395 bigc1400 elementc1400 complexion1413 erect1417 framea1450 edifya1464 compose1481 construe1490 to lay together1530 perstruct1547 to piece together1572 condite1578 conflate1583 compile1590 to put together1591 to set together1603 draw1604 build1605 fabric1623 complicate1624 composit1640 constitute1646 compaginate1648 upa1658 complex1659 construct1663 structurate1664 structure1664 confect1677 to put up1699 rig1754 effect1791 structuralize1913 1604 T. Bilson Suruey Christs Sufferings 92 From this admirable power, by which he layd downe his soule, and tooke it againe at his pleasure, Austen draweth a comparison to the exceeding greatness of that power with which he shall come to iudge the world. 1692 P. Allix Remarks Eccl. Hist. Albigenses v. 37 He draws such a Parallel between St. Ambrose and Pope Damasus, that he attributes to them the supreme Authority in the Church, which doth not at all agree with the Notion of Papacy. 1761 J. Wesley Let. 17 Feb. (1931) IV. 133 You..innocently say: ‘It would fill a volume to draw a parallel between Montanism and Methodism.’ 1869 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi i. 4 Nestor..draws a somewhat similar contrast between the heroes of his youth, and those of the Greek army before Troy. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 19 I have heard Prodicus drawing endless distinctions about names. 1876 J. S. Brewer Eng. Stud. (1881) iv. 201 Comparisons were drawn in his favour to the disadvantage of his brother. 1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 54 The similarity of the present results to those in the rote literature argues against the sharp distinction drawn between meaningful and rote learning by Ausubel. 2006 Independent 18 Oct. (Property section) 2/1 Economists often draw comparisons between the housing market and the stock market, but I believe the two are incomparable. 90. transitive. To shape or carve (wood, stone, or some other substance) by shaving off thin slices. Cf. draw knife n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > fashion, shape, or form > form by cutting, pounding, tearing, rubbing, etc. hewc900 smitec1275 tailc1400 carve1490 tear1597 wear1597 to work out1600 draw1610 to carve outa1616 effringe1657 shear1670 pare1708 sned1789 whittle1848 to rip up1852 slice1872 chop1874 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. lxii. 321 First you shall with a very sharp drawing knife, draw euery part of the soles of the horses feete so thinne as is possible, euen till you see the very water and bloud issuing forth. 1653 Surry Co., Va., Deed & Will Bk. 1652–1672 in C. R. Lounsbury Illustr. Gloss. Early Southern Archit. & Landscape (1994) 120 [To] rive, dubb, and draw all the boards. 1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 191 The work is hewed or drawn pretty near a Round. 1891 D. U. Sloan Fogy Days 93 The old man was already out in the woods, drawing shingles. 1960 J. P. Brown Commonw. of Onslow 267 There were great cypress trees in nearby swamps if the owners would allow them to be cut, and if there were any of those employed on the project who could bolt, rive and draw shingles. 2012 www.cotswoldwoodlandcrafts.co.uk/courses.php (Internet Archive Wayback Machine 17 Dec. 2012) Rails, styles and braces are split out from a green ash log, trimmed with an axe and drawn with a drawknife. 91. transitive. To write (a cheque, bill, or draft) in due form to authorize payment. Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by upon (also on), specifying the person or institution who has to provide the money, e.g. ‘to draw a bill upon a bank’. Also in figurative contexts.See also to draw against —— at Phrasal verbs 2, to draw on —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2, to draw upon —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > paper money > cheques and drafts > process a cheque [verb (transitive)] > cash cheques, etc. > upon a person draw1635 to check up (on) (also to check on)1911 1635 F. Quarles Emblemes ii. x. 102 What's here to be enjoyed, But Griefe, and sicknesse, and large bills of sorrow, Drawne now, and crost to morrow? 1646 J. Day Modest Vindic. 33 For 300 l. sterl. drawn upon M. Peacock for to pay for the Ship and his Oyles. 1671 J. Crowne Juliana iii. 31 Draw bills of death, they shall be paid on sight; I will..pay as fast as you can draw on me. 1722 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack 252 She should draw Bills upon me. 1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 23/2 Bollakey Doss drew a draught on Benares in favor of Lord Clive for a lack of rupees. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1171 C. drew bills of exchange on B. for the price of the goods. 1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations III. xii. 182 With instructions to draw the cheque for his signature. 1892 J. Adam Commercial Corr. 24 The person who writes the ‘order to pay’ is said to draw the Bill. 1920 Smith's Weekly (Sydney) 28 Feb. 9/1 Shinplasters, issued by local business men, were simply promises to pay—flimsy notes of the face value of 10s. and 20s., not drawn on any bank, and with no real guarantee behind them. 1970 Times 22 May iii/3 A London bank will accept a bill drawn upon it by the exporter which is discountable in the money market at fine rates. 1991 A. Hourani Hist. Arab Peoples i. iii. 46 Merchants who had correspondents or clients in other places would draw bills upon them or issue letters of credit. Phrases †P1. to draw (a person) to death: to put (a person) to death. Cf. to draw of life at life n. Phrases 12a(b). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)] swevec725 quelmeOE slayc893 quelleOE of-falleOE ofslayeOE aquellc950 ayeteeOE spillc950 beliveOE to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE fordoa1000 forfarea1000 asweveOE drepeOE forleseOE martyrOE to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE bringc1175 off-quellc1175 quenchc1175 forswelta1225 adeadc1225 to bring of daysc1225 to do to deathc1225 to draw (a person) to deathc1225 murder?c1225 aslayc1275 forferec1275 to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275 martyrc1300 strangle1303 destroya1325 misdoa1325 killc1330 tailc1330 to take the life of (also fro)c1330 enda1340 to kill to (into, unto) death1362 brittena1375 deadc1374 to ding to deathc1380 mortifya1382 perisha1387 to dight to death1393 colea1400 fella1400 kill out (away, down, up)a1400 to slay up or downa1400 swelta1400 voida1400 deliverc1400 starvec1425 jugylc1440 morta1450 to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480 to put offc1485 to-slaya1500 to make away with1502 to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503 rida1513 to put downa1525 to hang out of the way1528 dispatch?1529 strikea1535 occidea1538 to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540 to fling to deathc1540 extinct1548 to make out of the way1551 to fet offa1556 to cut offc1565 to make away?1566 occise1575 spoil1578 senda1586 to put away1588 exanimate1593 unmortalize1593 speed1594 unlive1594 execute1597 dislive1598 extinguish1598 to lay along1599 to make hence1605 conclude1606 kill off1607 disanimate1609 feeze1609 to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611 to kill dead1615 transporta1616 spatch1616 to take off1619 mactate1623 to make meat of1632 to turn up1642 inanimate1647 pop1649 enecate1657 cadaverate1658 expedite1678 to make dog's meat of1679 to make mincemeat of1709 sluice1749 finisha1753 royna1770 still1778 do1780 deaden1807 deathifyc1810 to lay out1829 cool1833 to use up1833 puckeroo1840 to rub out1840 cadaverize1841 to put under the sod1847 suicide1852 outkill1860 to fix1875 to put under1879 corpse1884 stiffen1888 tip1891 to do away with1899 to take out1900 stretch1902 red-light1906 huff1919 to knock rotten1919 skittle1919 liquidate1924 clip1927 to set over1931 creasea1935 ice1941 lose1942 to put to sleep1942 zap1942 hit1955 to take down1967 wax1968 trash1973 ace1975 c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) l. 13 Derfliche [he] droh ham to deaðe. c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 60 & te ofþunchunge þet he hefde inwið him of hare forlorenesse þe drohen [a1250 Nero drowen] him to deaðe. P2. to draw blood. a. (a) To cause a person or animal to bleed. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (intransitive)] > wound > draw blood to draw blood?c1225 to give wine1518 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 95 Pellican..draȝeð blod of his breoste & wið þet blod aquikeð eft hise briddes isleine. 1344 Petition (P.R.O.: SC 8/192/9580) Putte out Margerie of hire heritage & bete hire burste hire drou blod of hire. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 95 (MED) Þer may na maner of yrne dere him ne drawe blude of him. a1500 (a1400) Ipomedon (Chetham) (1889) l. 5486 (MED) The spere, it drew no blode. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 Their stings draw blood; And drive the Cattel gadding through the Wood. View more context for this quotation 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 61 The blow only glanced on the bone, and scarce drew blood. 1915 E. G. Venning Let. May in L. Housman War Lett. Fallen Englishmen (2002) 280 I remember falling about 10 yards ahead of my Company with a slight shrap hit in the back, that didn't even draw blood. 2016 L. Erdrich LaRose 290 LaRose turns and knife-hands Brad on the nose, drawing blood. Then he gets out of the car. (b) figurative. To do harm or damage to an enemy or opponent; (esp. of a verbal attack) to have a significant effect, to hit home. ΚΠ 1578 J. Lyly Euphues To Rdr. sig. A.iiij^v Enuie braggeth but draweth no bloud. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida v. sig. I^v Your wits spurs haue but walking rowels; dull, blunt, they will not drawe blood. 1856 W. Whitman Leaves of Grass (new ed.) 189 He fetches artillery as good as the engineer's, he can make every word he speaks draw blood. 1995 Denver Post 8 Oct. a2/5 The Democratic attacks were finally drawing blood. 2012 K. Cole Poison Princess x. 91 ‘You just left me out there, Mel. You chose bros over hoes,’ I said, drawing blood. 2014 London Evening Standard 9 Oct. (West End Final ed.) 73/2 Ferrer, quickly taking charge, broke again at 4–1 and then drew blood in the decider, breaking in the third game. b. To extract blood from a person or animal for testing or (formerly) for therapeutic purposes. ΚΠ c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 13* So drawith blode the waturleche..As the ventuser of rawe flesch. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 304 Þere þou lettist for to drawe blood for febilnes or for elde. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxii. 330 Blood is drawn at several Periods. 1933 S. W. Cole Pract. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 9) xv. 380 Serum is obtained by drawing blood from an arm vein. 2001 S. Khipple in N.Y. Times 13 May (Washington Final ed.) (Week in Review section) 7/3 An underling, usually a third-year medical student, assigned to perform menial tasks like drawing blood and retrieving lab results. †P3. to draw the cloth: to remove the tablecloth after a meal; to clear away. Also similarly to draw the board, to draw the table. Obsolete (historical in later use).In later use often with reference to the upper-class custom whereby men remained at the bare table for further drinks after the ladies had left. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [verb (intransitive)] > clear table to draw the boardc1330 to draw the clothc1330 to draw the tablec1330 to take awaya1475 to take up the tablea1513 to take off1599 to clear away1711 clear1914 c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 706 Cloþ and bord was drain [rhymes bayn, fayn, oȝain]. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. ix. l. 289 Let hem abyde tyl þe bord be drawe. a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 4623 Aftyr mete the cloth was drawe. a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 1649 (MED) The kyng spake not oon worde, Tyll men had etyn and drawen þe borde. 1613 R. Horne Christian Governour sig. C6^v When men will eate till it come out at their nosthrils and drinke, till it come vp at their mouth..the Lord must needes draw the Table. a1791 F. Grose Olio (1796) 111 Come here, Wolley, and draw the table. 1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. x. 222 When the tables were drawn. 1843 W. M. Thackeray Men's Wives in Fraser's Mag. Oct. 496/2 When the cloth was drawn..he would retire to his own apartment. 1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xvii, in Temple Bar June 307 The cloth has been drawn, as the reporters write of public dinners. 1909 Farmer's Advocate & Home Mag. 30 Sept. 1572/1 When the cloth was drawn, and the wine-flasks glittered ruby and golden upon the polished board, the old butler came in, bearing upon a tray a large silver box of tobacco. P4. to draw one's legs after (one) and variants (now rare): to walk very slowly or with difficulty; to drag one's feet, esp. due to tiredness, illness, or the like. ΚΠ 1542 N. Udall in tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 30 (note) He must walke vp and down so long vntil he feled suche weakenesse and feblenesse that he should drawe his legges after hym. 1630 P. Massinger Picture sig. M2 Hilario Will you march... Vbaldo I can hardly Draw my legs after me. 1736 J. Wybourne Let. in Post-Office Intelligence xxvi. 43 He [sc. the sufferer from gonorrhœa] ventures abroad in the Sunshine, drawing his Rowling-Pin-Legs after him. 1866 Farmer's Mag. Sept. 233/1 This is especially noticeable when he [sc. a lame horse] is in action,..so badly does he draw his legs after. 1923 S. O'Kelly Wet Clay xiv. 190 Luke was moodily silent, drawing his legs after him, his air that of a man who was grossly wronged. P5. to draw dry: to drain (a spring or other body of water) of all liquid; (in extended use) to exhaust or empty (something) completely. ΚΠ 1543 G. Joye Our Sauiour Iesus Christ hath not ouercharged his Chirche sig. A.iii^v Firste of all he saithe himself to be the fontaine of all goodnes, and euen that liuely plentuouse spring neuer to be drye drawne. 1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 161^v Thei haue diuers fayre springes, and one specially that can not be drawen drie. 1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 378 To declare..it would..drawe the veyne of mine invention drie. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cxv. 33 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 185 The conduites of his store, He never dry shall draw. 1603 S. Harsnett Declar. Popish Impostures 52 Our holy Budgetters having to deal with Devils..doe..provide so many to be packed up in One Patient, as except hell be drawn dry, they can never want work. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 522 The Persian warre..[has] drawne drie his Coffers. 1721 A. Welwood Meditations 117 Is not the Fountain of Life deep? Men and Angels, is it possible you shall ever draw it dry? 1903 Fire & Water Engin. 1 Nov. 220 Thus it is not at all likely that the reservoir will be drawn dry in any year. 2001 H. Goldblatt tr. H. Chun-ming Taste of Apples 18 They'll have to draw water for that swimming pool from the well by motor, and if they draw it dry, what are we going to do with a dried-up well? P6. transitive. to draw bridle (also †to draw bit, to draw rein) and variants: to stop or slow one's horse by pulling at the reins; to pull up; (figurative) to pause, slacken speed. Frequently in negative constructions. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease activity [verb (intransitive)] i-swikec893 swikec897 atwindc1000 linOE studegieOE stintc1175 letc1200 stuttea1225 leavec1225 astint1250 doc1300 finec1300 blina1325 cease1330 stable1377 resta1382 ho1390 to say or cry ho1390 resta1398 astartc1400 discontinuec1425 surcease1428 to let offc1450 resista1475 finish1490 to lay a straw?a1505 to give over1526 succease1551 to put (also pack) up one's pipes1556 end1557 to stay (one's own or another's) hand1560 stick1574 stay1576 to draw bridle1577 to draw rein1577 to set down one's rest1589 overgive1592 absist1614 subsista1639 beholdc1650 unbridle1653 to knock offa1657 acquiesce1659 to set (up) one's rest1663 sista1676 stop1689 to draw rein1725 subside1734 remit1765 to let up1787 to wind (up) one's pirna1835 to cry crack1888 to shut off1896 to pack in1906 to close down1921 to pack up1925 to sign off1929 society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > riding a horse (or other animal) [phrase] > stop (a horse) to draw bridle1577 to draw bit1591 to draw rein1725 society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride a horse (or other animal) [verb (intransitive)] > rein in reina1525 to draw rein1725 to take up1912 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 630/1 But the Earle warned thereof, secretely departed, accompanyed only with one man, and neuer drew bridle out of hys Horses mouth, vntill he came to Readyng. 1591 E. Aggas tr. Breefe Descr. Battailes, Victories & Triumphes 14 His Maiestie found himselfe within one leage of the Duke of Mains lodging, wherupon suddenly without drawing bit, he purposed to finde him at his bed. 1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 171 And for three years has rid your Wit And Passion without drawing Bit. 1679 J. Somerville Memorie Somervilles (1815) II. 349 He..never drew bridle untill he came the lenth of Leads. 1725 C. Pitt tr. M. G. Vida Art Poetry iii. 109 Sometimes the god-like fury he restrains, Checks his impetuous speed, and draws the reins. 1782 W. Cowper Table Talk in Poems 35 Spendthrift alike of money and of wit, Always at speed and never drawing bit. 1834 G. P. R. James Life & Adventures John Marston Hall I. x. 113 We set spurs to our beasts, and never drew a rein for twenty miles. 1840 Goshen (Indiana) Democrat 15 Oct. A gentleman..drew bridle..in front of one of the roughest bughouses in the county. 1892 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 18 Nov. 108/2 They are frequently ridden sixty or seventy miles without drawing bit. 1941 Béaloideas 11 38 He drew bridle then and gave his steed a third drink and the strong beast cleared the sea. 1998 D. C. Pfanz R. S. Ewell xii. 177 A solitary horseman rode through the sleeping camps of the Valley Army and drew rein at Stonewall Jackson's headquarters. P7. to draw one's pen (also quill): to attack or defend a person or thing in writing. Also with against, for. Cf. sense 54a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > argue against to draw one's pen (also quill)1603 counter-argue1661 the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > support or defend maintainc1350 to draw one's pen (also quill)1759 1603 F. Dillingham Quartron of Reasons Vnquartered 7 If the Lutherans haue changed the word Catholike in the Creede, draw your penne against them, and not against the church of England. 1710 J. Swift Tale of Tub (ed. 5) Apol. sig. A7 That this Answerer had..drawn his Pen against a certain great Man. 1734 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot 151 Yet then did Gildon draw his venal quill. 1759 O. Goldsmith Bee 24 Nov. 245 Many members of both houses of parliament, drew their pens for the whigs. 1867 Med. Rec. 15 Apr. 86/2 We find him drawing his quill against another party, upon an equally frivolous and unfounded pretence. 1978 Mod. Philol. 76 302 Hervey in a pique drew his pen against the government and the very measures he had supported while in power. P8. a. to draw a blank: (originally) to draw a ticket in a lottery to which no prize is attached (see blank n. 4); (now figurative) (of a person) to be unsuccessful, to fail in a search or enquiry, to fail to recall or recognize something; (of a thing) to fail to produce a result, to fail to be recalled or recognized, to yield nothing. ΚΠ 1605 J. Marston Dutch Courtezan iii. i. sig. D4 Husbands are like lotts in the lottery: you may drawe forty blankes before you finde one that has any prise in him. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xxii. 213 Marriage shall prove no lottery to thee, when the hand of providence chuseth for thee, who, if drawing a blank, can turn it into a prize by sanctifying a bad wife unto thee. 1762 St. James's Chron. 12 Jan. The King of Prussia..presuming, that his Lot would at last entitle him..to his great Disappointment he drew—a Blank. 1825 Sporting Mag. 16 25/1 One hundred sovereigns is a very pretty ‘find’ in any man's pocket, and particularly so in one which is sometimes drawn a blank. 1914 Sphere 19 Dec. 296/1 She was worrying over Miss Titmus's probable annoyance at drawing a blank from her godchild. 1969 Woman 19 Apr. 36/2 Ask the health visitor to introduce you to other mothers..if you..draw a blank at the clinic. 1996 A. Ghosh Calcutta Chromosome (1997) iv. 21 The first search drew a blank, so then Antar took Ava hurrying into the Council's vast archives where the records of all the global organizations were kept. 1998 L. Forbes Bombay Ice (1999) 89 Sami's name drew a blank, although Satish admitted that she might have been in the Unit under the previous director. 2000 Vanity Fair Oct. 152/3 Trying to recall how long she's worked at ‘the D. Q.’, she draws a blank. b. Hunting. to draw (a wood, covert, etc.) blank: to search (a wood, covert, etc.) for game or a quarry without success. Also to draw blank: (of a wood, covert, etc.) to yield no game or quarry. Cf. sense 66. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail or be unsuccessful [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of persons > in a search to draw (a wood, covert, etc.) blank1828 1828 Berrow's Worcester Jrnl. 31 Jan. The Worcestershire Hounds met at Upton Snodsbury, with a large field, but did not find, Mr. Parker therefore met yesterday at Goosehill, which he drew blank, likewise Broughton Wood. 1834 R. E. Egerton-Warburton Hunting Songs 7 The man..Whose heart heaves a sigh when his gorse is drawn blank. 1892 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 3 Dec. 29/3 The Laurels..and the Willows all drew blank. 1898 Forest & Stream 29 Oct. 353/1 A couple of thickets were drawn blank and then a track was found in the open pasture. 1936 Times 9 Jan. 4/5 After a long trot back to Sutton Wood hounds drew that covert blank and then went home. P9. a. to draw the line, to draw a line. (a) To determine or define a limit or boundary; to make a distinction between two things or groups. Frequently in to draw the line between.See also to draw a fine line at fine adj., adv., and n.² Phrases 7, to draw a bright line at bright line n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > discriminate, distinguish [phrase] to tell tother (or t'other) from whicha1325 can (or could) skillc1340 tella1425 to thread the difference1627 to cut (to) a thread (between)1647 to draw the line1766 1766 Scots Mag. Apr. 172/1 Here I would draw the line, Quam ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum [i.e. on either side of which right cannot be found]. 1770 Extract Let. from House of Representatives of Massachusets-Bay 16 Our wise forefathers drew a line between the supreme legislative power of the Mother-Country and the constitutional rights of her Colonies, as free-born English Subjects. 1793 Acct. Trial Fyshe Palmer 42 Such a publication is seditious; by the old law it was more, for sedition was treason. I am thankful, that our law does not go so far; but it is difficult..to draw the line. 1821 Examiner 16 Sept. 582/1 Reformers in particular must take pains to shew that they know how to draw the line between private and public feeling. 1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. 233 In contentious suits it is difficult to draw the line between judicial decision and arbitration. 1948 A. C. Kinsey et al. Sexual Behavior Human Male xx. 595 If the term prostitution were to be applied to all sexual acts for which either participant received some valuable consideration, it would be impossible to draw a line between the most obvious sorts of commercialized prostitution and the relationships of every husband and wife. 2006 Daily Tel. 13 Sept. 4/4 The trouble with exempting cohabiting siblings from inheritance tax is where to draw the line. How long do they have to cohabit for? What about step-siblings, or half siblings? (b) colloquial. To set a limit on what one is willing to do or accept. Frequently in to draw the line at. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease activity [verb (intransitive)] > at a certain point or specified limit subsista1639 stop1737 to draw the line1839 the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > refuse to do something warnc900 withsaya1225 wondec1315 refusea1325 denya1400 nayc1400 recusec1425 renayc1489 renounce1582 disclaim1586 to draw the line1839 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby lii. 517 ‘We don't shave gentlemen in your line,’..‘Why, I see you a shaving of a baker when I was a looking through the winder, last week,’ said the coal-heaver. ‘It's necessary to draw the line somewheres my fine feller... We draw the line there.’ 1881 Scribner's Monthly Jan. 409/2 Feathers an' flowers is different things. You must draw the line somewhere, an' I draw it at feathers. 1956 W. E. Collinson in Moderna Språk 50 13 Even today the British printer would draw the line at the f-word used in Lady Chatterley's Lover. 1986 New Statesman 26 Sept. 24/1 Mike Terry of Anti-Apartheid says..they draw a line when it comes to British publishers making a commercial venture out of South Africa. 2018 New Yorker 10 Sept. 54/2 She drew the line at covering her hair, as some Jewish modesty laws require. b. to draw a line under (something): to regard (something) as finished or consigned to the past; to resolve not to engage in further consideration of a topic or situation, esp. one that has caused difficulty or distress. ΚΠ 1866 Standard 19 Oct. 4/5 We cannot draw the line under five millions without outraging Mr. Bright's arguments. 1886 Jackson's Oxf. Jrnl. 15 May 5/5 He said to me ‘I have been a Liberal all my life... But now I have drawn a line under all that. Not only shall I vote for the Tories next time, but I shall try to get everyone to vote for them too’. 1928 Times 2 Nov. 13/4 Readiness..to draw a line under the events of 10 years ago and shake hands with former enemies, is the ‘foundation of the policy which led us to Locarno and which we have pursued since’. 1940 Hamilton (Ohio) Daily News Jrnl. 16 Sept. 6/2 We drew a line under this experiment in economic and social engineering and left the government somehow to dispose of its investment. 1968 A. Sellings Power of X iii. 38 There and then, I drew a line under the whole business, downed my pinkers and went back to Gallery O. 2011 People (Nexis) 20 Nov. 19 You hope when people die they don't suffer, but my beautiful Jo did. It was very, very painful, but it's all done and I want to draw a line under it. P10. figurative. to draw the teeth (also fangs) of (also from, out of) and variants: to render harmless or ineffectual; to reduce the power of or weaken. ΚΠ 1782 London Mag. 51 App. 599/2 His Majesty by giving a few places at court to some of the most considerable [Tories],..might draw the teeth of all the rest, and they could never more unite in opposition. 1838 Daily Herald & Gaz. (Cleveland, Ohio) 2 Apr. It may truly be said of the bill, that its fangs were drawn by the important amendments. 1845 D. F. Campbell tr. A. Thiers Hist. Consulate & Empire France III. xiii. 205 He has left them nothing to say; he has drawn their teeth. 1899 Trans. Rocky Mountain Med. Assoc. 62 Sanitary science is stamping out yellow fever; anti-toxine has drawn the fangs from diphtheria. 1924 Michigan Alumnus 24 Nov. 183/2 They had either to greatly increase the effectiveness of their own overhead attack or take measures for drawing the fangs of Michigan's. a1969 D. Heaton-Armstrong Six Month Kingdom (2005) xi. 59 In the course of the evening a plot was formed to draw Essad's fangs. 1990 Guardian 14 July 3/8 We never liked this legislation, but we feel now that we've drawn the teeth out of it. 2006 Independent (Nexis) 20 July 31 The isolation of Iran, Syria, Hamas and Hizbolah is serving to increase extremism rather than draw its teeth. P11. to draw it mild: (originally) to dispense mild ale; (in later use chiefly figurative and colloquial) to be moderate in speech or behaviour; to refrain from exaggeration. Frequently in imperative. Hence to draw it strong: to be immoderate in speech or behaviour. Now rare. ΚΠ 1783 Morning Post 26 May Boy, bring us some ale, Draw it mild, not too stale. 1842 R. H. Barham Misadventures Margate in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 153 A pint of double X, and please to draw it mild. 1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing iii, in Fraser's Mag. May 606/2 Dress quiet, sir; draw it mild. 1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 6 Apr. Our ladies faithfully promised to ‘draw it as mild’ as possible; but when they made their appearance in most splendid array, I felt rather uncertain as to what the consequences might have been if they had drawn it strong. 1879 Scribner's Monthly Aug. 778/2 I don't feel remarkably cool, Gerty; but when you talk of ‘revolting sin and treachery’, you're drawing it rather strong. 1932 Manch. Guardian 20 Jan. 7/4 Nothing can remove me from the thought of one brief boon When January drew it mild and dropped a hint of June. P12. figurative. to draw fire (flak, etc.): to attract severe criticism or censure (cf. sense 38). ΚΠ 1835 U.S. Tel. (Washington, D.C.) 23 Oct. If he is a candidate, he will draw a fire from both parties... Each will unite in exposing the selfishness and want of patriotism that governs him. 1847 S. Carolina Temperance Advocate 11 Mar. 142/2 They have heretofore been very cautious how they entered the arena of public discussion... The friends of temperance have at length..‘drawn their fire’, and received the contents of their first mortar. 1878 Christian Union 17 186/2 The Rev. Webster K. Pierce..and the Rev. Arthur P. Adams..have both drawn fire from the orthodox for dangerous liberalism. 1901 Era Dec. 878/1 Before she could reply, a tactful woman drew her fire. 1970 Washington Post 9 Dec. b13/2 The plan drew such flak from employee unions..that top brass looked for a bureaucratic way to bail out. 2016 M. DeSoucey Contested Tastes v. 193 Farming practices are drawing fire from animal rights and welfare groups. P13. to draw level (also to draw up level): to come from behind to a position alongside an opponent in a race; (in extended use) to come from behind to have the same score or standing as another. Frequently with a prepositional phrase introduced by with, specifying the opponent.rare in North American use. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete or rival [verb (intransitive)] > be equal in a contest > become equal to draw level1857 1857 Morning Post 6 Aug. 3/3 At this point the Newcastle men, who were setting finely to their work, drew level with the Manchesters, and in the next few succeeding strokes gradually took the lead from them. 1857 Bell's Life in London 9 Aug. 6/2 Newcastle began to mend the pace, drew up level with the leading boat, and then showed in front. 1892 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 30 Apr. 249/1 They could not draw quite level, and were beaten by two to one. 1908 N. Gould Top Weight xxvi. 246 Rush's face was white as Spanker drew up level with Manon. 1932 Punch 27 Apr. 465/3 Other nations had drawn level with us. 1955 Times 1 Aug. 3/6 The South Africans have come from behind and surprised the favourites by drawing level in a Test rubber. 1998 Educ. Rev. 12 i. 73/1 They close the gap on local mono-lingual pupils by Key Stage 2, draw level by Key Stage 3 and outperform local mono-lingual pupils at GCSE. 1999 Spark Feb. 31/4 UEA converted and were back in the game at 3—2, and then had another great chance to draw level when Reading were reduced to ten men. P14. Australian. to draw the crabs. [With reference to crab shells, used with punning allusion to artillery shells.] a. Military slang. To draw enemy fire, esp. (in earliest use) artillery fire. ΚΠ 1918 Ca ne fait Rien: 6th Battalion A.I.F. 8 Mar. J. D. Johnston..being in command of those horrible people who draw the crabs, the T.M.B. 1949 F. J. Hartley Sanananda Interlude 27 Some of the Australians, not knowing how close the enemy were, became a little too venturesome, and ‘drew the crabs’. 2008 Gold Coast Bull. (Nexis) 5 Mar. 21 British military commanders have been reluctant to let..Harry..and..William..deploy to a combat zone on the..grounds that their presence, if it was known by the enemy, would draw the crabs and make life even more dangerous for their immediate comrades. b. To provoke a hostile or powerful reaction; to attract unwanted attention, esp. from people in authority. ΚΠ 1932 Queensland Times 21 Apr. 3/3 I feel prompted to ventilate my opinion in regard to war pensions and unemployment and I think the majority of fair-minded readers will agree with me. From some quarters I daresay I'll ‘draw the crabs’. 1959 Bulletin (Sydney) 23 Dec. 16/1 Most shearers are..down on men who ‘draw the crabs’ through bringing excessive grog to the huts. 2016 @hongmedia 23 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 19 Jan. 2021) Mentioning racism really draws the crabs on #auspol. There must be lots of knuckle dragging ‘supremacists’ just lurking. P15. to draw a bead on: see bead n. 4d; beauty draws more than oxen: see beauty n. Phrases 2d; to draw through the water with a cat: see cat n.¹ 14; dreich to draw: see dreich adj. Phrases; to draw dun out of the mire: see dun n.¹ Phrases 1a; to draw to a head: see head n.¹ 54; to draw up the ladder after itself: see ladder n. 1c; to draw a person's leg: see leg n. Phrases 3d; to draw of life: see life n. Phrases 12a(b); to draw water to one's mill: see mill n.¹ Phrases 5; to draw pig on pork: see pig n.¹ Phrases 14; to draw the saw: see saw n.¹ 1b; one shoulder of mutton draws down another: see shoulder n. 4c(a); sink and draw: see sink v. Phrases 3; to draw the wool over a person's eyes: see wool n. 1g. Phrasal verbs PV1. With adverbs in specialized senses.† to draw abroad Obsolete. transitive. To stretch, elongate (something). Also: to spread (something) over a surface. Cf. sense 41b. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for tighta1000 hapc1390 to draw abroada1400 to draw over ——a1500 superducea1500 induce1567 overhale1579 bespread1598 strew?1615 superinduce1616 obducea1676 the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen > by drawing out drawa1398 to draw abroada1400 to draw out1484 wire-draw1598 rope1798 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 26 Whanne þe arterie is drawe abrod. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 53 Aboue þe wounde leie terebentine..drawen abrood bitwene two lynnen clooþis. 1565 J. Hall Anat. ii. 5 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. The grystles..are behouefull in the nose and eares, for there they do bothe drawe abroade, and susteyne, and beare vp the softe partes. † to draw along Obsolete. transitive To stretch or extend (something) (literal and figurative); to prolong, protract; to delay. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Psalms cxix. 5 My pilgrimaging is drawen along. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. l. 124 To drawe þe lyste [C text c1400 Huntington HM 137 þe lisure] wel along þe lengore hit semede. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xi. 1137 He [sc. þe spiþur] makeþ þrede smal and draweþ it alonge. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 53 Þouȝ þat þi cure be drawe along. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 426 This Historie, not throughly handled before by any one, drew me along. to draw away 1. transitive. To take away (something or someone); to remove or extract. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away ateec885 withbreidec890 animOE overbearOE to do awayOE flitc1175 reavec1175 takec1175 to have away?a1300 to draw awayc1300 weve13.. to wend awaya1325 withdrawa1325 remuec1325 to carry away1363 to take away1372 waive1377 to long awaya1382 oftakec1390 to draw offa1398 to do froa1400 forflitc1420 amove?a1425 to carry out?a1425 surtrayc1440 surtretec1440 twistc1440 abstract1449 ostea1450 remove1459 ablatea1475 araisea1475 redd1479 dismove1480 diminish?1504 convey1530 alienate1534 retire1536 dimove1540 reversec1540 subtractc1540 submove1542 sublate1548 pare1549 to pull in1549 exempt1553 to shift off1567 retract?1570 renversec1586 aufer1587 to lay offa1593 rear1596 retrench1596 unhearse1596 exemea1600 remote1600 to set off1600 subduct1614 rob1627 extraneize1653 to bring off1656 to pull back1656 draft1742 extract1804 reef1901 c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 12495 Somme oure cun he hadde islaȝe and mani mid him awei idraȝe. a1400 (?a1350) Seege Troye (Egerton) (1927) l. 368 (MED) To hem þat oure elders slouȝ And away oure goodes drowȝ. 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes (new ed.) f. 77 The Sunne through natures might, doth draw away the dew. 1597 P. Lowe Whole Course Chirurg. ix. vii. sig. Hh3 The Medicament cleansing..hath the strength to..drawe away the excrementes purulent from the centre of the vlcers to the circumference. 1688 P. Rycaut tr. G. de la Vega Royal Comm. Peru vii. ii. 914 Therewith drawing away the Table-cloth, ten of the eleven Candles fell down. 1750 W. Ellis Country Housewife's Family Compan. 147 She drew away the wooden Paddle.., and left the Pudding-cake to sink or boil longer. 1850 Times 12 Dec. 3/6 The upcast shaft served to draw away the smoke and vapour from an engine furnace. 1940 Brit. Red Cross Soc. Cookery & Catering Man. (ed. 4) ix. 100 Place the egg in boiling water, cover and draw away from fire, but keep hot for 10 minutes. 2012 F. L. Block Elementals 197 He reached over and started to touch my arm, then drew his hand away when I flinched. 2. a. intransitive. To move away from someone or something; to withdraw, recoil; (of a vehicle or boat) to pull away (also with the driver, passengers, etc., as subject). Also figurative: to distance oneself; to withdraw one's support, favour, or allegiance. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] wendeOE i-wite971 ashakec975 shakeOE to go awayOE witea1000 afareOE agoOE atwendOE awayOE to wend awayOE awendOE gangOE rimeOE flitc1175 to fare forthc1200 depart?c1225 part?c1225 partc1230 to-partc1275 biwitec1300 atwitea1325 withdrawa1325 to draw awayc1330 passc1330 to turn one's (also the) backc1330 lenda1350 begonec1370 remuea1375 voidc1374 removec1380 to long awaya1382 twinc1386 to pass one's wayc1390 trussc1390 waive1390 to pass out ofa1398 avoida1400 to pass awaya1400 to turn awaya1400 slakec1400 wagc1400 returnc1405 to be gonea1425 muck1429 packc1450 recede1450 roomc1450 to show (a person) the feetc1450 to come offc1475 to take one's licence1475 issue1484 devoidc1485 rebatea1500 walka1500 to go adieua1522 pikea1529 to go one's ways1530 retire?1543 avaunt1549 to make out1558 trudge1562 vade?1570 fly1581 leave1593 wag1594 to get off1595 to go off1600 to put off1600 shog1600 troop1600 to forsake patch1602 exit1607 hence1614 to give offa1616 to take off1657 to move off1692 to cut (also slip) the painter1699 sheera1704 to go about one's business1749 mizzle1772 to move out1792 transit1797–1803 stump it1803 to run away1809 quit1811 to clear off1816 to clear out1816 nash1819 fuff1822 to make (take) tracks (for)1824 mosey1829 slope1830 to tail out1830 to walk one's chalks1835 to take away1838 shove1844 trot1847 fade1848 evacuate1849 shag1851 to get up and get1854 to pull out1855 to cut (the) cable(s)1859 to light out1859 to pick up1872 to sling one's Daniel or hook1873 to sling (also take) one's hook1874 smoke1893 screw1896 shoot1897 voetsak1897 to tootle off1902 to ship out1908 to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909 to push off1918 to bugger off1922 biff1923 to fuck off1929 to hit, split or take the breeze1931 to jack off1931 to piss offa1935 to do a mick1937 to take a walk1937 to head off1941 to take a hike1944 moulder1945 to chuff off1947 to get lost1947 to shoot through1947 skidoo1949 to sod off1950 peel1951 bug1952 split1954 poop1961 mugger1962 frig1965 society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > movement of vehicles > move or go along [verb (intransitive)] > move away or outwards to draw away1648 to pull out1920 to pull away1955 society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > lack of social communications or relations [verb (intransitive)] > withdraw from association separate1595 cut1783 dissociate1866 to draw away1892 c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) l. 330 Ac he made lourand chere, And drowȝ awai wiȝ al his miȝt. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 26131 He agh him ar to drau awai..And forthink his lang delaiance þat he fordraun has his penance. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. v. l. 178 Mesapus..Affrays sor, at hym dryvand hys steid; The tother drew away for feir and dreid. 1648 Parliament-kite No. 1 5 The..command given, Draw away Carman. 1665 Cheating Solliciter Cheated 56 He pull'd up his Leggs from the Cart, hanging himself..before the Cart drew away. 1788 tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Paul & Virginia 201 He..offered him his hand, but Paul drew away, and turned his head, unable to bear his sight. 1892 Engineer 20 May 437/1 Foreign countries continue to draw away from France, and enter into closer commercial relations with England and Germany. 1936 R. Lehmann Weather in Streets i. ii. 58 The..car..drew away with its old familiar long-drawn rising moan. 1987 Times (Nexis) 9 July What won't be..easy is to protect society without drawing away from those at risk. 2014 Times-Colonist (Victoria) (Nexis) 5 Oct. c11 We boarded the early ferry.., ready to sleep as we drew away from the still-humming capital. b. transitive (reflexive). To move (oneself) away from someone or something; to withdraw, recoil. Also figurative: to set (oneself) at a distance from someone or something. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] leaveeOE beleavea1250 devoidc1325 voidc1330 roomc1400 wagc1400 departa1425 refusea1425 avoid1447 ishc1450 remove1459 absent1488 part1496 refrain1534 to turn the backc1540 quita1568 apart1574 shrink1594 to fall from ——1600 to draw away1616 to go off ——a1630 shifta1642 untenant1795 evacuate1809 exit1830 stash1888 split1956 society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > render unsociable [verb (transitive)] > withdraw from association with unfrequent1598 to draw away1977 1616 Burning Bush, not Consumed 28 It [sc. the soule] must..Draw it selfe away from the wrath, as fast as may bee, least it bee deuoured thereof. 1766 T. Cooper Compend. Midwifery 155 It is of the utmost importance, to have the Patient placed in such an Attitude.., as that she cannot retract, or draw herself away from the Operator. 1883 R. W. Dixon Mano i. 3 Mano, who had fierceness in his blood, At the first question drew himself away. 1977 Y. M. Boateng Return 19 He slowly drew himself away from the king as he got to know him better. 2013 L. George Last Doctor she should ever Date 248 She dropped his hand... Drew herself away and walked down the tunnel alone. 3. a. transitive. To persuade or entice (a person) away from one course of action and into another, esp. one that is considered unwise; to attract; to lure away. Frequently with from. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)] > away ofdraw?c1225 spana1250 to draw awayc1384 slock1483 steal1526 over-tempt1643 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Baruch vi. 43 Whann eny of hem drawen aweye of eny man passinge hath slept [a1425 L.V. slepith with hym; L. dormierit cum eo], she dispisith hir neiȝbore. ?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 149 (MED) Whi ben not þes lordis þat þus holden curatis in here courtis & worldly offices traitours to god almyȝtty, siþ þei drawen awey his chef knyttis fro here gostly bataile whanne & where þei weren most nedful? 1549 tr. J. Calvin Short Instr. Good Christian People sig. Diii^v They do ordaine ministers in hast, to make seperation in the church, to draw away y^e people. 1598 R. Cleaver Godly Form Househ. Gouernement 60 Though a man be eager minded toward his busines, yet by vain & idle company he shall be drawne away to other delights. 1648 Bp. J. Hall Select Thoughts 221 But if..we shall suffer our selves to be drawn away into some heinous wickedness [etc.]. 1712 London Jests 88 The Bishop of Gaunt meeting a certain English Priest, (and suspecting he had a Hand in drawing away the Lady from his Nunnery) taxed him therewith. 1881 W. E. Gladstone Let. 8 Sept. in Diaries (1990) X. 122 To reduce the following of Parnell by drawing away from him all well inclined men. 1963 T. Munro Evol. in Arts iii. xxii. 486 There is no way of knowing how many potential geniuses in art are drawn away from artistic careers into others. 2014 UK Govt. News (Nexis) 31 Oct. To stay safe from romance frauds, individuals should..be suspicious if someone tries to draw them away from a dating website onto email or instant messaging. b. transitive. To cause (the mind, attention, eyes, etc.) to turn away from or become attracted to something; to distract, divert. Cf. sense 32a. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] fortogglea1300 to call away1529 scatter1530 forhale1579 to draw away1586 diffuse?1587 to call off1606 divert1609 to put out1616 avoke1623 disjoint1628 to take a person out of himself (herself, etc.)1631 to draw off1646 divertise1648 to take off1670 dissipate1684 to turn off1741 to throw out1821 to turn away1848 1586 E. Pagitt tr. L. Lavater Bk. Ruth Expounded iv. f. 117^v It should not be graunted, that they..bable out many words, nothing appertayning to the matter, and..wearie the iudges, and draw away their minds from the matter propounded. 1627 G. Hakewill Apologie iv. ii. 414 When I..behold the monstrous humors of these prodigall spirits, my mind is drawn away still from the progresse of mine intended journey. 1793 ‘Mr. Shandy’ Sentimental Journey II. 24 As I said this, my thoughts were drawn away from the clue of nature into another train of reasoning. 1876 Month Feb. 214 The eye is drawn away from this high Alpine way to the Matterhorn, which rises a tower of snow-clad rock. 1988 Approach Nov. 28/2 A bright flash to the south of Stanley town drew my attention away from the airfield. 2002 New Internationalist Aug. 7/1 Your eyes are drawn away to the contrasting bright green of well-watered English gardens. to draw back 1. a. intransitive. To move backwards from one's position; to retire, retreat; to recoil. In early use also transitive (reflexive) in the same sense. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > retire, withdraw, or retreat withdraw1297 recoilc1330 give place1382 arrear1399 to draw backa1400 resortc1425 adrawc1450 recedec1450 retraya1470 returna1470 rebut1481 wyke1481 umbedrawc1485 retreata1500 retract1535 retire1542 to give back1548 regress1552 to fall back?1567 peak1576 flinch1578 to fall offa1586 to draw off1602 to give ground1607 retrograde1613 to train off1796 to beat a retreat1861 to back off1938 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15891 He drogh him bak be him [read behind] þe men. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 15925 Petre drogh him bakker mare. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 21408 (MED) The same kyng..With shame and gret confusioun Drowh bak vn-to hys pavyllioun. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 526 He drewe backe and defended himselfe as well as he coulde. ?1556 J. Bradford Copye Let. to Erles sig. G.viii If we draw backe our kingdom wil fal. 1650 O. Cromwell Let. 30 July in Writings & Speeches (1939) (modernized text) II. 300 In the morning,..we resolved to draw back to our quarters at Musselburgh, there to refresh and revictual. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives IV. 308 At first..they drew back and dispersed. But when they had recollected themselves..they attacked him hand to hand. 1785 J. Trusler Mod. Times III. 157 He draws back when they are addressing him, as if contamination was in their breath, and is all gooseskin at a low bred man. 1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 196 These rocks begin at last to draw back here and there from the river. 1897 K. S. Ranjitsinhji Jubilee Bk. Cricket iv. 174 All the really strong back-players draw back in making back-strokes. 1902 J. London Law of Life in Children of Frost 49 Now one wormed his chest forward, dragging his haunches after, now a second, now a third; but never a one drew back. 2011 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 14 Apr. a8 The..police clashed with the First Armored Division; their forces drew back, and then attacked again. b. intransitive. figurative. To withdraw or distance oneself (from an undertaking, course of action, etc.); to choose not to take action, esp. because of nervousness or uncertainty. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > reverse or abandon one's purpose [verb (intransitive)] > withdraw from an engagement or promise starta1450 fang1522 recidivate1528 to draw back1572 flinch1578 to shrink collar1579 retract1616 to shrink out of the collar1636 renege1651 to fly off1667 to slip (the) collarc1677 to declare off1749 to cry off1775 to back out1807 to fight off1833 crawfish1848 welsh1871 to pull out1884 1572 A. Golding tr. H. Bullinger Confut. Popes Bull f. 20 The Lord spake after the same maner in old tyme vnto Moses, when he drew backe and would haue shunned the Lordes callyng. 1611 Bible (King James) Heb. x. 38 If any man drawe backe, my soule shall haue no pleasure in him. View more context for this quotation a1632 T. Taylor God's Judgem. (1642) ii. iv. 48 When in the stead of going on, we rather stand still, or draw backe; and this recreance and defiling, if not taken in time, may turne to Infidelity and Apostasie. a1770 J. Jortin Serm. (1772) VII. ii. 19 Christians..must not draw back and become the servants of sin. 1861 Temple Bar Mar. 517 Too deeply committed to draw back. 1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 118 Duff, to draw back from a bargain or undertaking; to throw it up. 2008 Independent 4 Feb. 31/1 A new breed of able and bright professional women who are drawing back from an all-consuming work ethic. 2. a. transitive. To take back (something); to revoke. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)] fordoOE allayOE withdrawc1290 withclepe13.. again-callc1390 to call againc1390 repealc1390 revokec1400 unmakec1400 rive1415 annulc1425 abroge1427 uncommandc1430 discharge?a1439 retreatc1443 retract1501 cancela1513 abrogate?1520 dissolve1526 extinct1531 rescind1531 abrenounce1537 infringe1543 recall1565 unwrite1577 extinguish1590 exauctorate1593 relinquish1594 unact1594 to strike off1597 undecide1601 unpass1606 to take off1609 to draw back1610 reclaim1615 to put back1616 abrenunciate1618 unrip1622 supersedeate1641 to set off1642 unassure1643 unorder1648 to ask away1649 disdetermine1651 unbespeak1661 undecree1667 reassumea1675 off-break1702 circumduct1726 raise1837 resiliate1838 denounce1841 disorder1852 pull1937 1610 Bp. J. Hall Common Apol. against Brownists 20 Cannot the Ratihabition (as the Lawyers speake) bee drawne backe? 1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey I. 95 I always suffer my judgment to draw back something on that very account. 1858 Daily News 15 Dec. 4/3 The Bank of Vienna, in order to defeat the natural efforts of foreign markets to right themselves and to draw back a portion of the specie draughted from them, enforced the most rigid restrictions. 2002 Times 4 Oct. (Bricks & Mortar section) 20/4 These home loans are not suitable for anyone who lacks financial discipline, since they allow you to draw back any money that you have already paid off. b. transitive. To receive a refund of (some or all of the duty on imported goods) when the goods in question are re-exported. Cf. drawback n. 3a (which also implies slightly earlier currency of this sense). ΚΠ 1682 W. Culliford in W. B. Stephens 17th-cent. Customs Service Surveyed (2012) App. 215 Shipp out lesse in quantity or value of any manner of Forraigne Goods, which draw back by Debenture part of the duty paid at Importacon. 1709 London Gaz. No. 4509/3 The Sugars must pay French Duties, but on Exportation draws back all but about 2s. per C. 1818 St. James's Chron. 21 July (advt.) Sundry Forms of Notices for buying in Property, Warrant for drawing back Duty, Conditions of Sale, and other necessary Information. 1866 Daily News & Herald (Savannah, Georgia) 17 May No dealer..would purchase cotton burdened with a duty of five cents per pound, unless he could draw back the duty in the price of the taxed commodity. 1995 Interfaces 25 76/2 There are three ways to avoid or draw back duty charges. to draw by †1. transitive. To draw (something) aside. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1830 Ld. Tennyson Mariana ii, in Poems 15 She drew her casementcurtain [sic] by. 1868 Illustr. Mag. 26 111 I never draw the curtain by; I never lift the blind, Lest curious or careless eye Should note what is behind. 2. intransitive. Of time or a period of time: to elapse, come to an end. ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > spend time [verb (intransitive)] > expire or run out to run outa1400 outrunc1425 to pass by1488 to draw by1850 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > be at an end [verb (intransitive)] > approach the end wane1590 to grow to wastea1616 to draw in1769 to draw by1850 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lviii. 84 The foolish neighbours..tease her till the day draws by; At night she weeps. View more context for this quotation 1920 J. Masefield Right Royal i. 38 The time drew by to the great event. At a quarter to three the big bell pealed. 2006 E. Midwinter Salisbury 94 He was sometimes criticised, especially as the years drew by, for insufficient direction of his colleagues. to draw down 1. a. transitive. To pull or drag (something) down; to cause (something) to come down. ΚΠ c1300 St. Patrick's Purgatory (Laud) l. 417 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 212 Ore felawes..schullen..drawe þe doun forth with hem Into helle grounde a-non. a1333 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 29 Ich habbe y-trodded þe uolk in wrethe and in grome, Adreynt al wyth shennesse, y-drawe doun wyth shome. 1449 J. Paston Petition in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 52 The seid lord sent to the seid mansion a riotous peple..arrayd in maner of werre with..long cromes to draw doun howsis, ladderes, pikoys with which thei myned down the walles. 1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. ii. vii. f. cxxxvi^v Therfore he muste drawe it downe agayne, wyth the poynt of the nedle. 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles i. 125 You are a faire Violl, and your sense, the stringes; Who finger'd to make man his lawfull musicke, Would draw Heauen downe. 1772 W. Bailey Machines Soc. Arts I. 252 The sliding bolt, which occasionally draws down the brake on the periphery of the walking wheel. 1891 O. Schreiner Story Afr. Farm ii. xii He drew the sails down before and behind, and the wagon rolled away slowly. 1998 World of Interiors Feb. 56 The brightness becomes blinding and the moment comes to draw down the blinds. b. transitive. figurative. To attract (a particular response or reaction); to bring (something, esp. censure) on (also upon) a person. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon send971 drivea1400 inrun1471 work1487 to draw down1595 invite1599 derive1611 superinduce1615 incur1627 to bring down1662 induce1857 1595 W. Perkins Expos. Creed Apostles 40 This prerogatiue can none haue, but he that is the child of God: as for others when they sinne, they doe nothing else but draw downe Gods iudgements upon them, for their deeper condemnation. a1694 J. Tillotson in Wks. (1820) I. 420 The blessings it will draw down upon us. 1788 R. Shepherd Ground & Credibility Christian Relig. iv. 100 The immediate blessings, prayer draws down on the relying votary. 1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) I. 164 This of course draws down French vengeance. 1873 Appletons' Jrnl. 9 Aug. 191/2 The good people of Glasgow have just drawn down upon themselves a severe rebuke from the pulpit. 1972 F. Farr FDR viii. 409 Roosevelt also was determined not to draw down criticism on himself of the sort that landed on Wilson when he knifed Colonel House. 2012 Guardian (Nexis) 28 May 26 Niall Ferguson's much-publicised divorce drew down upon him the kind of fake moral disapproval usually reserved for footballers. †2. transitive. Cookery. To cook (an ingredient) until it becomes thicker, more concentrated, or reduced in volume; to stew or boil (something) down. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > boil > boil down to draw down1743 1743 Family Mag. (ed. 2) i. 50/1 Slice some carrots and turneps, put them in a stew-pan, with a piece of butter; draw them down till they stick to the pan. 1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 15 Put all those into a stew pan, with some water, and draw them down to a light brown colour. 1852 Ladies' Indispensable Assistant 41 Put the meat on a dish, then make a good stock of a leg of veal, lean ham and the flesh of the inside of the turtle; draw it down to a color, then fill it up with beef stock. 1904 S. Beaty-Pownall ‘Queen’ Cookery Bks. (ed. 2) No. 7. 31 Draw down in the preserving pan sufficient good ripe raspberries to produce a pint of juice, and sweeten this juice to taste after straining it. 3. transitive. Forging. To make (a bar, ingot, etc.) flatter or narrower by hammering. ΚΠ 1815 S. Parkes Chem. Ess. IV. xv. 450 It is well known that it is the circumstance of drawing down the shear-steel under the tilt hammer that gives it the superiority over common steel. 1905 Amer. Blacksmith Jan. 72/1 Next take the piece to the hammer and draw it down to about twice the desired thickness and quite a bit narrower. 2008 G. W. R. Ward Grove Encycl. Materials & Techniques in Art 376/1 (caption) Swages in use on an anvil to draw down a rod of metal. 4. Banking and Finance (originally U.S.). a. transitive. To withdraw (money or a sum of money) from an account, fund, or loan facility. Also: to take out (a loan or mortgage). ΚΠ 1853 Madison (Indiana) Dollar Weekly Courier 16 Nov. The country banks..have drawn down their deposits in this city. They have required every dollar of their available means, to meet their liabilities. 1893 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 18 Aug. 8/4 Timid depositors..have drawn down their savings and put them in old bureau drawers, stockings and other..hiding places. 1932 Forum & Cent. Mar. 132/1 Anybody who was out of work was entitled by statutory right to draw down weekly payments from the insurance fund. 1984 Financial Times 18 Apr. 35/2 The bank..received a $300m standby credit from its shareholders, of which $100m has been drawn down. 2017 Irish Examiner (Nexis) 13 Oct. She drew down a mortgage in 2006 from Ulster Bank to buy an apartment. b. intransitive. With on. To withdraw money from a fund, loan, etc., esp. in stages or gradually. ΚΠ 1919 Postal Rec. (U.S.) Oct. 298/3 Garrity, you are all right: you can draw down on your $3,000 any time from the M. B. A.: we will fix it. 1944 Jrnl. Marketing 9 59/2 When we double the taxes.., we soon have him drawing down on his savings and cutting down his expenditures. 1979 Washington Post 29 May a10/6 The International Monetary Fund..is ready to allow the Turks to resume drawing down on $310 million credit frozen since December. 2017 Daily Express 26 Sept. 35/3 Rather than taking all the mortgage in one go, you can draw down on it when you need it. 5. transitive. colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.). To earn or receive (a salary or wage). Cf. sense 81. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] to push one's (also a) fortune1609 to draw down1890 to pile up the rocks1897 1890 Salt Lake Tribune 24 Aug. 8/2 The driver..will not draw down a large salary this week. 1919 Argonaut 11 Oct. 226/3 It is high time for practical action when..a longshoreman draws down a larger pay check than a professor of philosophy. 1938 N.Y. Amsterdam News 30 Apr. 14/1 He could only expect to draw down twenty five bucks for his fight. 1967 N.Y. Times 27 Aug. 14 e/5 You've got these two pitchers sitting around drawing down ten billion dollars a year, or whatever it is. 1991 Independent (Nexis) 8 Jan. 21 The brothers Saatchi continue to draw down salaries in excess of £300,000. 2003 W. Bernhardt Death Row xxvii. 333 Everyone wanted him to work for them. He was drawing down huge bucks. 6. a. intransitive. U.S. To direct, point, or aim a firearm at a person or animal; to train a gun on. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > discharge firearms [verb (intransitive)] > take aim aim1566 vizyc1600 hold1881 to aim off1904 to draw down1907 1907 Crow Creek Jrnl. (Toston, Montana) 12 Sept. Drawing down on the deer as calmly as though shooting at a target she pressed the trigger. 1970 J. Dickey Deliverance (1973) 105 ‘I began to shift around to find a place I could shoot through the leaves... When the guy started getting back on his feet, I drew down on him, and waited.’ ‘How did you know when to shoot?’ 1985 K. Lynn Midsummer Moon xii. 135 Picking up one of his pair of duelling pistols, he drew down on the target and fired and hit the center of the bullseye. 2008 J. Todd Sun going Down (2009) xxi. 200 He waited until the riders were under fifteen hundred yards and drew down on a jouncing rider..and squeezed the trigger. b. intransitive. U.S. To draw and point a firearm at a person; to pull a gun on someone. ΚΠ 1974 V. E. Smith Jones Men xxix. 250 When they draw down on him and tell him to get the fuck out the way, he just stands there..like a Goddamn fool. 1993 G. Donaldson Ville 23 Why didn't you fire your weapon when the kid drew down on you? 2008 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 23 Mar. b1 In the middle of an August night in 1996, he drew down with a .25-caliber handgun at a home invader. 2021 S. Thompson Hell on Border v. 53 He drew down on Cully with his Colt and blew him backward with a .45 slug to the gut. 7. transitive. Military. To reduce the size of (a military force), esp. in a particular area. Also intransitive: (of a military force) to reduce its presence in an area. ΚΠ 1941 N.Y. Times 19 Oct. e3/6 It is more likely that Japan will move in Siberia first if Russia collapses or is forced to draw down its forces in the East. 1960 Hansard Commons (Electronic ed.) 1 Mar. 1151 We received permission to reduce our forces. Indeed, we said at that time that we would draw down our forces even more than we have done. 1969 Washington Post 14 Dec. b7/1 The Nixon plan takes the form of a timetable for drawing down American troops in Vietnam to about 50,000 men. 1994 M. A. McDevitt in M. D. Bellows Asia in 21st Cent. iii. 156 Overseas forces have drawn down in most parts of the world. 2004 Financial Times 3 Apr. 27/2 The Iraqi army and police would stay intact allowing US and allied forces to draw down in a matter or weeks or months. 2016 J. F. Copper China's Foreign Aid Diplomacy II. iii. 119 The United States and other countries drew down their forces causing security and other conditions to deteriorate. to draw forth 1. a. transitive. To cause (a person or thing) to come forth; to bring forth. Also (in quot. c1400) intransitive: †to proceed, come forth (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] unwryc825 unhelec1000 to draw forthc1175 unhillc1200 to bring forth?c1225 unsteekc1250 let witc1275 uncovera1300 wraya1300 knowc1300 barea1325 shrivec1374 unwrapc1374 again-covera1382 nakena1382 outc1390 tellc1390 disclosea1393 cough1393 unhidea1400 unclosec1400 unhaspc1400 bewrayc1405 reveal1409 accusea1413 reveil1424 unlocka1425 unrekec1425 disclude?1440 uncurec1440 utter1444 detect1447 break1463 expose1483 divinec1500 revelate1514 to bring (also put) to light1526 decipher1529 rake1547 rip1549 unshadow1550 to lay to sight1563 uppen1565 unlace1567 unvisor?1571 resign1572 uncloak1574 disshroud1577 spill1577 reap1578 unrip1579 scour1585 unharboura1586 unmask1586 uncase1587 descrya1591 unclasp?1592 unrive1592 discover1594 unburden1594 untomb1594 unhusk1596 dismask1598 to open upc1600 untruss1600 divulge1602 unshale1606 unbrace1607 unveil1609 rave1610 disveil1611 unface1611 unsecret1612 unvizard1620 to open up1624 uncurtain1628 unscreen1628 unbare1630 disenvelop1632 unclothe1632 to lay forth1633 unshroud1633 unmuffle1637 midwife1638 dissecret1640 unseal1640 unmantle1643 to fetch out1644 undisguise1655 disvelop1658 decorticate1660 clash1667 exert1692 disinter1711 to up with1715 unbundlea1739 develop1741 disembosom1745 to open out1814 to let out1833 unsack1846 uncrown1849 to bring (out) in (also into) the open1861 unfrock1866 disbosom1868 to blow the lid off1928 flush1950 surface1955 to take or pull the wraps off1964 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7413 Þatt hord tatt oppnedd wass. & draȝhenn forþ. a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 74 Hwenne þu sittest in longynge, drauh þe forþ þis ilke wryt; Mid swete stephne þu hit singe. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl 1116 (MED) Þaȝ þay wern fele, no pres in plyt, Bot mylde as maydenez seme at mas So droȝ þay forth. c1513 Frere & Boye sig. Aii The boye drewe forth suche as he had And sayd do gladly. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. x. sig. Mm4^v Out of his bouget forth he drew Great store of treasure. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 89 To see if they could..draw forth into the Maine, the Sardan Galleyes. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 134 The Madrecon that drawes forth the Army, and ranges it in battalia. 1879 E. Dowden Southey iv. 86 A May morning would draw him forth into the sun. 1925 T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. II. iii. xxv. 321 And here he wearily..drew forth his large white handkerchief once more. 2008 S. Barry Secret Script. (2011) 111 My first thought was that he was drawing forth a gun or a knife from his britches. †b. transitive. To appeal to (something) for confirmation; to produce as evidence; = sense 24a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > bring forward as evidence to draw forthc1175 showa1325 drawc1330 allaya1387 to avouch a thing upon (a person)1393 allegea1398 adduce?a1425 induce1433 recite1509 infera1529 vouch1531 cite1550 avouch1573 relate1604 instance1608 rejourn1624 quote1663 abduce1720 invoke1879 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11907 He droh þær forþ. Þe bokess lare. c. transitive. To attract (a particular reaction or response) from a person or group; = sense 37. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth movea1398 drawa1400 provoke?a1425 askc1450 to draw out1525 to stir up1526 allure?1532 suscitate1532 to call out1539 to draw fortha1569 draw1581 attract1593 raise1598 force1602 fetch1622 milka1628 invite1650 summon1679 elicit1822 to work up?1833 educe1840 a1569 A. Kingsmill Most Excellent & Comfortable Treat. (1577) sig. D.iiii^v Nothing attaineth saluation, bringeth men nere to Gods presence, & draweth forth of gods mercie his fauourable loue, but only fayth & constant affiance in his most sure & faithfull promises. 1607 Trag. Cæsar & Pompey ii. iii. sig. D See how compassion drawes foorth Princely teares And Vertue weepes her enemies funerall. 1758 J. Johnson Love of God 67 The Tears of Sorrow, which are naturally drawn forth by the present disconsolatory Providence. 1821 Examiner 9 Dec. 780/2 Liston's exquisite drollery drew forth no cordial laugh. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 168 His bravery..drew forth the generous applause of hostile armies. 1947 Amer. Speech 22 34 This call drew forth a spirited response, which continued throughout the following month of June. 1993 R. J. Landy Persona & Performance iv. 73 Actors must assert themselves through the role, drawing forth a reaction from the audience. †2. transitive. To pass or spend (time, esp. a prolonged or protracted period of time). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)] overdoOE adreeOE wreaka1300 to draw forthc1300 dispend1340 pass1340 drivea1375 wastec1381 occupyc1384 overpassa1387 to pass over ——a1393 usec1400 spend1423 contrive?a1475 overdrive1487 consumea1500 to pass forth1509 to drive off1517 lead1523 to ride out1529 to wear out, forth1530 to pass away?1550 to put offc1550 shiftc1562 to tire out1563 wear1567 to drive out1570 entertainc1570 expire1589 tire1589 outwear1590 to see out1590 outrun1592 outgo1595 overshoot1597 to pass out1603 fleeta1616 elapse1654 term1654 trickle1657 to put over1679 absorb1686 spin1696 exercise1711 kill1728 to get through ——1748 to get over ——1751 tickc1870 fill1875 c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 406 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 505 Þat he al day forþ drouȝ. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. F4 In this sort did Pleusidippus draw foorth his infancie. c1632 T. Hooker Let. in C. Mather Magnalia Christi (1702) iii. i. App. 62/1 I have drawn forth many wearyish Hours. 1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. ix. 25) 86 Leonard..drew forth a most poor life in the Netherlands, whither he escaped. †3. transitive. To draw, depict (something); to set down (a plan, design, etc.); to draw up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)] writeeOE drawa1398 descrivec1400 describe1538 to draw forth1539 to set out1545 design1570 to draw out1576 detrain1587 lineate16.. linea1616 redraw1728 1539 R. Taverner Garden of Wysdom sig. C.iii^v He espyed vpon the shoore certayne mathematicall figures drawn forth in the sande. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Hiiii Utopus himself..drew furth the platte fourme of ye citie. 1614 in Cal. State Papers Ireland 7 Dec. 530 Warrant to draw forth a fiant of pardon unto Connor Roe Magwire, Esq. 1769 A. Machay Pasquin I. i. 22 The obedient powers, pregnant of invention, drew forth a plan, and then they modified the atmosphere. 1813 M. Faraday Let. June in P. Day Philosopher's Tree (1999) ix. 139 Some Lecturers choose to express their thoughts extemporaneously, immediately as they occur to the mind, whilst others previously arrange them and draw them forth on paper. to draw in 1. transitive. To pull (something) in, to retract; to suck in (liquid).See also to draw in one's horns at horn n. 5b. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > draw in to draw ina1398 to suck in1597 indraw1883 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. i. 1100 Fisshes haueþ braunches wherby þey drawen inne and putteþ out water. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 102^v (MED) Þe snayl haþ his hous ouer hym wheþer he walke or reste, and out of his hous he scheteþ his heued whan he wole & draweþ him yn aȝen. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 260 He drewe in his head and closed in his Wyndow. 1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 37 Eagles draw in their tallants as they set in their nestes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iv. v. 22 For this I draw in many a teare, And stop the rising of blood-sucking sighes. 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xiii. 81 The greedy Earth..opened her mouth to draw in Townes and Cities. 1713 J. Gay Rural Sports 9 Now, sporting Muse, draw in the flowing Reins. 1837 Tait's Edinb. Mag. July 437/1 The plank was forthwith drawn in; and the window closed with shooting-bolts. 1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 25 The snail affords a remarkable, though familiar instance, when it draws in its eye-stalks. 1991 Motor Boat & Yachting Jan. 154/4 Its ‘turbocharger’ design..uses the pressure of the outgoing waste water to help draw in the raw sea water. 2014 A. Roberts Incredible Unlikeliness of Being 330 You have a muscle tucked in between the first and second metacarpals which powerfully draws the thumb in towards the other fingers. 2. transitive. To take (air, smoke, etc.) into the lungs; to breathe (a substance) in; to inhale. Cf. sense 34a(a). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > inhalation > inhale [verb (transitive)] to suck inc1220 drawa1300 inbreathea1382 to draw ina1398 to take in1495 inhaust1547 fetch1552 fet1556 imbreathe1574 to breathe in1576 attract1582 suck?1614 inspirate1615 imbibe1621 inspire1666 redistend1684 inhale1725 embreathe1867 indraw1883 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. viii. 1124 Þe asse..exciteþ þe femelle to loue with dredeful roryng and horrible. And draweþ in breþ and wynd. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxviii. [cxix.] 131 I open my mouth and drawe in my breth. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 605 All their cattle for want of water do draw in the could aire. 1707 J. Norris Pract. Treat. Humility x. 402 Soft oily poisons which we incautiously draw in for common breath. 1831 S. E. Ferrier Destiny I. xiii. 121 Mr M'Dow..drew in about a quarter of a pound of snuff. 1892 Graphic 210/3 Hughes drew in his breath sharply. 2012 S. Mawer Girl who fell from Sky (2013) 10 She waited, drawing in smoke from the cigarette, determined not to let him see any change in her manner. †3. transitive. To cause (something) to follow as a consequence; to bring about; to lead to. Cf. sense 36a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring about as a consequence or entail makeOE haveOE drawa1400 to draw inc1405 to leave behind1424 goc1449 to draw on1572 train1579 carry1581 beara1616 to lead toa1770 evolve1816 entail1829 mean1841 issue1842 subinduce1855 c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §1000 The drecchynge of o synne draweþ In another. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 56 One worde drauithe an other in. 1700 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) iv. xvii. 407 A view of the connexion of all the intermediate Ideas that draw in the Conclusion. 4. transitive. To induce or influence (a person) to come to a place or join in a venture, (in early use) spec. by using trickery or other underhand methods; to exert an attraction on (a person). Also with infinitive: to induce (a person) to do something (now rare). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > get to take part in to draw in?1558 interess1623 interest1630 ?1558–9 Deuise for Alteratione of Religione (Julius F.vi) f. 168^v Thomas Smythe to call them to gether, & be amongst them, & after y^t consultatione wth thes to drawe in other men of learning. 1606 True Relation Proc. at Arraignm. Late Traitors sig. K4^v Onely perswaded and drawen in by Catesby. 1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man x. 215 I wish those who make it their business, to draw in customers to that trade of debauchery, would consider it. 1726 W. R. Chetwood Voy. & Adventures Capt. R. Boyle 55 Smiling..to think how soon I drew in the credulous Captain. 1752 S. Foote Taste ii. 31 Mæcenas,..has been drawn in to purchase..a Cart-load of—Rubbish. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice III. xiv. 246 Your arts..may..have made him forget what he owes to himself and to all his family. You may have drawn him in . View more context for this quotation 1833 H. Martineau Manch. Strike (new ed.) iv. 54 He was not the man to be drawn in to do what..he disliked. 2000 Times 3 Aug. ii. 29/2 I think it makes a real difference that it is a football ground. It gives it that ‘oomph’ and draws the children in. 2011 N.Y. Mag. 10 Oct. 39/2 To make Twitter seem inevitable, it got..newspeople and celebrities..to use it and draw in more users. 5. transitive. To reduce the size or extent of (something), spec. to alter (a garment) so as to make it fit more closely; to cause to contract.See also to draw in one's belt at belt n.¹ Phrases 3. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > contract or shrink inknitc1374 drawc1390 shrinka1398 strain1398 to shorten up1530 contrahe1540 to gather up1553 to draw in1572 contract1604 constringe1652 purse1668 constrain1697 undistend1868 collapse1908 1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) To shrincke, or drawe in the necke, collum contrahere, retirer le col... To shrincke, or drawe in his legges, crura contrahere, retirer ses iambes. 1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xxxv. sig. G2^v No Citizens wife..drawes in her mouth with a chaster simper. 1845 S. Judd Margaret i. ii. 6 Miss Gisborne's flannel..must be drawn in to-morrow. 1891 Eng. Illustr. Mag. 9 192 The gown was drawn in but slightly under the arms. 1998 G. O'Hara Callan Dict. Fashion & Fashion Designers 257/1 The waspie is an abbreviated corset constructed of bone and elastic inserts, and laced at the back or front to draw in the waist. 6. a. intransitive. Of evening: to approach, to close in. Also of a day: to draw to a close. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > be at an end [verb (intransitive)] > approach the end wane1590 to grow to wastea1616 to draw in1769 to draw by1850 1769 Fruitless Repentance II. viii. 33 I did not leave town till the evening drew in. 1799 Montrose I. xiii. 140 The day passed on in harmonial tete á tete, the evening drew in. 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 260/2 Hours passed and the evening drew in. 1891 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Prisoners & Captives II. iii. 55 The short winter day was drawing in. 1933 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Cloud Howe in Scots Quair (1995) ii. 38 The day would draw in, the night would come on, and the stars come out. 1994 S. Murphey Bean Blossom Dreams vii. 119 Evening was drawing in and we hadn't seen the half of it. b. intransitive. Of a succession of evenings or nights in autumn and winter: to start at an earlier time as the days become shorter. Also of a succession of days in autumn and winter: to become shorter. Cf. to draw out 3c at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > [verb (intransitive)] > become gradually shorter to shut in1766 to draw in1830 1830 L. Ritchie Game of Life I. v. 162 To behold the winter at hand, and the nights drawing in, and the fire already looking so cheerful on the hearth. 1840 R. Barham in Bentley's Misc. Mar. 274 As the evenings begin To close, or, as some people call it, ‘draw in’. 1880 R. Broughton Second Thoughts II. ii. x. 86 The evenings are beginning to draw in already. 1980 B. Pym Few Green Leaves (1981) xxvi. 184 A fine bright autumn morning, but there was quite a nip in the air and the days were certainly drawing in. 2016 Cardiff Life Oct. 29 (heading) As the nights draw in, warm the cockles with these two classics from celebrated local chef Angela Gray. to draw near 1. intransitive. To approach (either in space or time); to come near; to be imminent. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent comeOE nigha1225 to draw nearc1330 approachc1374 drawa1375 to stand ina1382 to stand ona1382 instand1382 to draw ona1450 proacha1450 to draw nigha1470 to fall at handa1535 to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538 instant1541 to prick fast upon1565 impend1674 simmer1703 depend1710 loom1827 to knock about1866 to come up1909 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > draw near neighlecheeOE i-nehleche971 to draw nearc1330 to nigh nighc1330 nighle1340 to-neighea1382 nigha1387 to draw nigh?a1400 nighena1400 to nigh neara1400 to draw ona1450 neara1522 to close about, on, round, upon1523 accost1571 anear1582 anigh1594 proach1600 appropinquate1623 to close in1704 c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 872 Oȝaines sir Gij þer come Gayer, To iuste wiþ him he drouȝ him ner. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2336 (MED) Otherwhile he goth a ferr, And otherwhile he draweth nerr. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 21790 Quen he droch til his ending nere. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 14525 Halde ȝou stille & drawes nere. 1504 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1504 §5. m. 5 The seid parliament draweth so nere to the ende. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 410 When the time drue neere, he came to Oxforde. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi.iii. sig. Bb8 He stayd, till that he nearer drew . View more context for this quotation 1625 W. Yonge Diary July (1848) 84 A fleet of seven or nine Hollanders..drew near. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 523. ¶7 The Time of a General Peace is, in all appearance, drawing near. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 667 Sentinels were posted to give the alarm if a stranger drew near. 2016 Radio Times 4 June (South/West ed.) 84/3 As the EU referendum draws near, it's a timely return for the show. †2. intransitive. figurative. With to: to tend towards (a particular physical condition or quality); to incline to. Cf. sense 47. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)] wryc888 driveOE drawc1175 rine?c1225 soundc1374 tendc1374 lean1398 clinea1400 movec1450 turnc1450 recline?a1475 covet1520 intend?1521 extenda1533 decline?1541 bow1562 bend1567 follow1572 inflecta1575 incline1584 warpa1592 to draw near1597 squint1599 nod1600 propend1605 looka1616 verge1664 gravitate1673 set1778 slant1850 trend1863 tilt1967 1597 P. Lowe tr. Hippocrates Bk. of Presages ii. sig. B4^v in Whole Course Chirurg. The egestion & excrementall matter become thicke and not too dry and of a good colour, as drawing neere to red or browne, and be not very vnsauorie. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 101 The Cocuma that grows in Java, is a root like to Ginger, her blossoms like Lillies broken off green, draws near to the yellow, and dried is easily broken. to draw nigh intransitive. To approach (either in space or time); to come near; to draw near. Now somewhat archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > draw near neighlecheeOE i-nehleche971 to draw nearc1330 to nigh nighc1330 nighle1340 to-neighea1382 nigha1387 to draw nigh?a1400 nighena1400 to nigh neara1400 to draw ona1450 neara1522 to close about, on, round, upon1523 accost1571 anear1582 anigh1594 proach1600 appropinquate1623 to close in1704 the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent comeOE nigha1225 to draw nearc1330 approachc1374 drawa1375 to stand ina1382 to stand ona1382 instand1382 to draw ona1450 proacha1450 to draw nigha1470 to fall at handa1535 to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538 instant1541 to prick fast upon1565 impend1674 simmer1703 depend1710 loom1827 to knock about1866 to come up1909 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 1650 Þer foreyn men drouh þam nehi. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 178 Whan hit drew nyghe the terme-day that sir Gawayne, sir Marhaute and sir Uwayne made to mete. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xvi. f. cxlvj The houre draweth nye. 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 146 The end of this time drew nie. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 645 He drew not nigh unheard. View more context for this quotation 1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 11 My end draws nigh; 'tis time that I were gone. 1923 Humorist 15 Sept. 179/2 But summer time is passing swift, The autumn's drawing nigh. 1997 Time Out N.Y. 31 July 47/1 As the National Slam Championships draws nigh, poets hailing from the backwoods of the Ozarks..beat a path to the Nuyorican. to draw off 1. transitive. To pull (something) off; to remove, extract; to divert or attract to oneself. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away ateec885 withbreidec890 animOE overbearOE to do awayOE flitc1175 reavec1175 takec1175 to have away?a1300 to draw awayc1300 weve13.. to wend awaya1325 withdrawa1325 remuec1325 to carry away1363 to take away1372 waive1377 to long awaya1382 oftakec1390 to draw offa1398 to do froa1400 forflitc1420 amove?a1425 to carry out?a1425 surtrayc1440 surtretec1440 twistc1440 abstract1449 ostea1450 remove1459 ablatea1475 araisea1475 redd1479 dismove1480 diminish?1504 convey1530 alienate1534 retire1536 dimove1540 reversec1540 subtractc1540 submove1542 sublate1548 pare1549 to pull in1549 exempt1553 to shift off1567 retract?1570 renversec1586 aufer1587 to lay offa1593 rear1596 retrench1596 unhearse1596 exemea1600 remote1600 to set off1600 subduct1614 rob1627 extraneize1653 to bring off1656 to pull back1656 draft1742 extract1804 reef1901 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away > forcibly tear off or away tear1297 aracec1315 arachec1315 ravisha1382 pullc1390 to draw offa1398 roota1398 ripa1400 to pull awayc1410 to rip upc1425 brit1578 arrest1593 to carry away1604 avulsea1765 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xix. 1159 Þe camele is..lene by kynde. For þe hete draweþ of al the fatnesse of þe blood. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8116 Þe king drou of his gloue. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 41 Mary Mawdelayne and Mary Cleophe, makand sorow..and drawand off þaire hare. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Deschausser,..to vnhose, or draw off hosen. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iii. 37 Bark of Maho... You may draw it off either in flakes or small threads. 1711 A. Pope Corr. 19 July (1956) I. 128 Tonson's printer told me he drew off a thousand copies in his first impression. 1747 B. Franklin Let. 1 Sept. in Exper. & Observ. Electr. (1751) 10 The wonderful effect of pointed bodies, both in drawing off and throwing off the electrical fire. 1842 Sheffield & Rotherham Independent 1 Jan. 4/4 The question was proposed..whether their Masters could not assist them in procuring what are called Fannies, to draw off the dust, so as to prevent it from affecting the lungs of the Grinders. 1883 C. Birley Oh Dear! What can Matter Be? ii. 36 She drew off her tightly-fitting slipper and handed it round about amongst the people. 1975 I. Murdoch Word Child 103 Even if there was nothing she could do, her loving sharing mind drew off some of the pain. 2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) viii. 194 The inverters all contain a shut-down mechanism if an attempt is made to draw off too much power by plugging in too large a load for too long. 2017 G. Tallent My Absolute Darling iii. 32 He cuts the deck and Turtle draws off the start card, the queen of hearts, and lays it faceup. 2. a. transitive. To extract (liquid) by means of a tap, channel, or by suction, esp. without disturbing the bottom or sediment. Also: by metonymy, with the container as object. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)] draw1379 to draw off1594 tap1598 broach1649 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > extract gas or liquid exhaust1540 draina1552 to draw off1594 uncask1594 spring1597 carry1602 tap1602 milka1628 to carry off1677 evacuate1719 drafta1875 aspirate1880 bleed1889 1594 H. Plat Jewell House 59 It is also very good to tilt your beere, when the Vessel is little more then halfe drawn off, for so you shall draw your beere good euen to the latter end. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World viii. 226 The Indico falls to the bottom... When it is thus settled they draw off the Water. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxxix. 547 A Rowel is to draw off the bad or corrupt Humours from the Blood. 1840 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 1 iii. 316 The water can be successfully drawn off by a catheter. 1892 Field 26 Nov. 802/3 Care should be taken not to disturb the lees until all the cider is drawn off. 1959 Times 10 Nov. p. iii/5 Large mashing vessels called kieves from which the wort is drawn off leaving the grains behind. 2018 Bolton News (Nexis) 20 Mar. His family took him to A & E at Salford Royal where they drew off some ankle fluid and sent it for tests. b. intransitive. To drain away, to flow off. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > lose liquid or moisture by draining [verb (intransitive)] > of liquid: to drain away drain1587 to draw off1800 1800 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 9) I. i. ii. 186 To keep back the waters which otherwise would draw off [earlier edd. flow off] too fast. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 9 The deposit that would be left after the water had drawn off. 2002 T. G. Frey in A. G. Smith & M. Witty Heme, Chlorophyll, & Bilins 215 If the liquid draws off evenly leaving a thin film, the grid is hydrophilic. 3. a. intransitive. To move off; to retire, withdraw; to retreat. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > retire, withdraw, or retreat withdraw1297 recoilc1330 give place1382 arrear1399 to draw backa1400 resortc1425 adrawc1450 recedec1450 retraya1470 returna1470 rebut1481 wyke1481 umbedrawc1485 retreata1500 retract1535 retire1542 to give back1548 regress1552 to fall back?1567 peak1576 flinch1578 to fall offa1586 to draw off1602 to give ground1607 retrograde1613 to train off1796 to beat a retreat1861 to back off1938 1602 I. E. Let. from Souldier in Ireland 7 A violent storme..gaue the enemy oportunitie..to drawe off ouer a plaine in three great bodies of foote. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Custome of Countrey i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aa/2 Draw off a little? Here come my Mistres and her Father. c1645 I. Tullie Narr. Siege of Carlisle (1840) 17 Barkley drew of sore bruised. 1704 tr. D. Fernández Navarrete Acct. Empire China v. xiii, in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. I. 211/2 When the Sun draws off, the Moon comes up. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. vii. 191 When they were all tired, they drew off on both sides. 1868 Bell's Life in London 14 Nov. 7/5 He made as though he was about to lead off, but finding that Joe was ready to give him a warm reception, he drew off again. 1905 F. A. McKenzie Tokyo to Tiflis xxviii. 288 The gas men and the water-workers drew off, only to find their places immediately taken by infantry. 1928 G. V. Carey & H. S. Scott Outl. Hist. Great War iv. 38 A German torpedo-boat was sunk; the light cruisers..drew off much damaged, and a number of enemy destroyers were in like case. 2012 J. Biddulph Pirates of Malabar ix. 82 On a breeze springing up, the Angrians drew off, leaving the East Indiamen to pursue their voyage. b. transitive. To withdraw (troops) from a particular position, or from the scene of action. ΚΠ 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 165 After an howers fight, when we had taken full view of the breach, and found it not assaultable, our men were drawne off, with little or no dammage on our part. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 84 Captain Watlin drew off his men. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 377 He resolved to draw off his Dragoons. 1916 D. Haig Diary 25 Feb. in War Diaries & Lett. 1914–18 (2005) 181 We agreed that it was not a feasible operation until the Enemy's reserves had been drawn off. 2010 R. W. Black Rangers in World War II iii. 26 Causing the Germans to worry about their western defense and draw off some forces from the Russian front. †4. transitive. To cause (the mind, attention, etc.) to turn away (from an object of care or contemplation); to divert, distract (the mind, attention, etc.). Cf. sense 32a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] fortogglea1300 to call away1529 scatter1530 forhale1579 to draw away1586 diffuse?1587 to call off1606 divert1609 to put out1616 avoke1623 disjoint1628 to take a person out of himself (herself, etc.)1631 to draw off1646 divertise1648 to take off1670 dissipate1684 to turn off1741 to throw out1821 to turn away1848 1646 J. Clarke Leaven 1 Our blessed Saviour..draweth off the minds of his hearers, raiseth up the hearts of his Disciples, to more high, and heavenly meditations. 1680 Jews Catech. 22 That he draws off his Mind from the frail and perishing things of this present World, and fixes his whole intention upon the study of the Law and pure Religion. 1704 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World II. iii. 121 There is something in those objects..which draws off the mind from itself to the contemplation of them. 1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 187 A friend..rode after the brute, and drew off his attention to himself. 1845 G. H. Lewes Biogr. Hist. Philos. I. 53 Draw off the mind from Sensible things and conduct them to Intelligibles. 1918 Philos. Rev. 27 393 The various devices which seem to aim at a fixation of the attention are really intended only to draw off attention from its occupation with the objects of current living. 5. intransitive. Of a person: to lean back in order to lend impetus to a punch or blow. Cf. to haul off at haul v. 3c. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > go back before completing an action to draw off1864 to haul off1870 1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) Draw-off, to throw back the body to give impetus to a blow; ‘he drew off, and delivered on the left drum’. 1883 Cleveland (Ohio) Herald 31 Dec. 3/5 The young lady did not scream; but..suddenly drew off and hit him three sound blows on the shoulder. 1901 Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Nov. 57/1 Instead of laying his hand on him, he drew off and hit him a mighty good punch with his fist. 1973 I. Cochrane Streak of Madness 154 Ma just drew off and hit her on the mouth. 2002 B. Gorman & P. Walsh King of Gypsies (e-book ed.) ii Bulldog Bartley drew off and punched him as he lay there. to draw on 1. intransitive. To advance, approach (in space or time); to draw near. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent comeOE nigha1225 to draw nearc1330 approachc1374 drawa1375 to stand ina1382 to stand ona1382 instand1382 to draw ona1450 proacha1450 to draw nigha1470 to fall at handa1535 to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538 instant1541 to prick fast upon1565 impend1674 simmer1703 depend1710 loom1827 to knock about1866 to come up1909 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > draw near neighlecheeOE i-nehleche971 to draw nearc1330 to nigh nighc1330 nighle1340 to-neighea1382 nigha1387 to draw nigh?a1400 nighena1400 to nigh neara1400 to draw ona1450 neara1522 to close about, on, round, upon1523 accost1571 anear1582 anigh1594 proach1600 appropinquate1623 to close in1704 a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiv. l. 865 (MED) The Nyht drowgh On ful faste. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job xxxiii. 21 His soule draweth on to destruccion. 1583 R. P. tr. P. de la Sierra Second Pt. Myrror of Knighthood ii. vi. sig. Cc.vii Therewith drewe on the darke and tenebrous night. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. C3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Christmas now drew on. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough III. 303 The Season drawing on for opening the Campaign. 1861 Temple Bar June 401 Evening again drew on. 1873 Ladies' Repository June 415/2 Thus we drew on, and found our cheerful mood again, until the evening shadows fell upon us. 1910 E. M. Wedderburn in J. Murray & L. Pullar Bathymetrical Surv. Sc. Fresh-Water Lochs I. 104 As winter draws on the lake becomes thermally stratified. 2000 J. Simpson Mad World, my Masters (2001) i. 29 As the evening drew on the cats prowled close. †2. intransitive. To be close to death, to be dying. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)] > be dying to have one foot in the (also his, etc.) grave?1483 to draw on1484 to gasp up the ghost1577 gore1577 to turn one's face to the wall1579 to gasp one's last1603 groan1642 not to be long for this world1665 strugglea1674 to falter forth or out1814 to sprawl one's last1837 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xix. 38 Ther cam vpon her bed two lytel black dogges, And whan she drewe on and was in a traunce they were about her mouthe. a1577 G. Gascoigne Hundred Flowers in Wks. (1587) 100 He lay (as some say) drawing on Untill his breath and all were past and gone. 1666 A. Brome tr. Horace Poems ii. 273 If a rich man have an onely Son Lies dangerously sick and drawing on, Be n't too officious to th'old man. 3. transitive. To pull on (a boot, glove, or other item of clothing). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on to do oneOE graitha1375 puta1382 to take on1389 to let falla1400 takea1400 to put on?a1425 endow1484 addressa1522 to get on1549 to draw on1565 don1567 to pull on1578 dight1590 sumpterc1595 to get into ——1600 on with1600 array1611 mount1785 to cast on1801 endoss1805 endue1814 ship1829 1565 J. Calfhill Aunswere Treat. Crosse f. 119^v When so euer we put on our apparell, and drawe on our shooes..we make the signe of the Crosse in our foreheades. 1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 259 By wrinching their foote in drawing on their hose. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 311. ¶5 He immediately drew on his Boots. 1791 Amer. Museum Apr. 228 She draws on her gown, but leaves it half pinned. 1847 A. M. Gilliam Trav. Mexico (new ed.) 135 He drew on his cloak. 1900 J. London Odyssey of North in Son of Wolf 207 Yet all too soon his fellow travelers drew on their mittens and parkas, and followed him. 1991 ‘W. Trevor’ Reading Turgenev ii, in Two Lives (1992) 10 Outside the cinema he belted his overcoat and drew on tan leather gloves; he didn't wear a hat. 4. transitive. To induce or influence (a person) to come to a place or join in a venture; to lead on, entice. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] leada1225 accoya1375 form1399 persuadec1450 persuadec1487 practise1524 temper1525 work1532 suade1548 perduce1563 to draw on1567 overdraw1603 possess1607 bring1611 sway1625 tickle1677 tamper1687 to touch up1796 to put the comether on someone1818 1567 G. Turberville tr. G. B. Spagnoli Eglogs iii. f. 25 Impacient furie drawes me on, it doth me good alone To range the hills. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. v. 29 Such Artificiall Sprights, As..Shall draw him on to his Confusion. View more context for this quotation 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. iv. 12 If I resolved to goe, my resolution should draw on an other friend of mine. 1700 P. Motteux et al. tr. M. de Cervantes Hist. Don Quixote I. ii. iv. 107 Her courteousness and fair looks draw on every body to love her. 1816 J. W. Croker in L. J. Jennings Croker Papers (1884) I. iii. 97 If you suffer yourself to be drawn on by what you conceive to be the taste of the day. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 606 When he was drawing them on to speak of antiquity. 1991 N. Baker U & I (1992) v. 70 The desire to undo earlier lies of our own or of others was what drew us on to write further. 2003 Archit. Rev. Jan. 82/1 You are drawn on by the sound of water into a compact piazza dominated by an extravagant Baroque stage set. †5. transitive. To cause (something) to follow as a consequence; to bring about. Cf. sense 36a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring about as a consequence or entail makeOE haveOE drawa1400 to draw inc1405 to leave behind1424 goc1449 to draw on1572 train1579 carry1581 beara1616 to lead toa1770 evolve1816 entail1829 mean1841 issue1842 subinduce1855 1572 G. Fenton tr. E. Pasquier Monophylo i. f. 11 In vs shall be veryfied the olde saying, that one fable drawes on another, seeing that by howe much you aduaunce the authoritie of your matter, by so much doe you sommon me to maintaine the defence. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iii. iii. 75 Looke therefore Lewis, that by this League and Mariage Thou draw not on thy Danger, and Dis-honor. View more context for this quotation a1627 J. Hayward Life & Raigne Edward Sixt (1630) 103 Under colour of war, which either his negligence draws on, or his practices procured. a1691 R. Boyle Hist. Fluidity in Wks. (1772) I. 390 The examination..would draw on the consideration of the nice controversies that perplex philosophers. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 55 This Beginning drew on the General Battle. †6. intransitive. Hunting. Of a hound: to track a quarry by following its scent; to move slowly towards the quarry. Cf. sense 52. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > approach after pointing draw1567 to draw on1677 1677 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation (ed. 2) i. 17 When the Hounds touch the scent, and draw on till they rouze or put up the Chase, we say, they Draw on the Slot. 1840 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. Mar. 109 ‘Hold up, good dogs, and fetch!’ More words were needless; for on the instant they drew on, and Shot picked up his bird. 1892 Field 7 May 695/3 Musa pointed and drew on, but could not locate the birds. 1905 Shooting & Fishing 6 July 248/3 Five deer sprang up from their beds as the hounds drew on. to draw out [compare outdraw v.] 1. a. transitive. To pull or take (something) out; to extract, remove.Quot. lOE could alternatively be interpreted as showing prefixed outdraw v. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > by force, effort, or contrivance to draw outOE outdrawlOE drawc1300 win out1362 out-wina1425 windc1535 extract1628 exact1647 exforcipatea1834 to winkle out1942 OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 25 Apr. (2013) 86 Sume godwrece men..brudon rap on his sweoran ond hine drogan ut æfter þæm stanum on ðære eorðan. lOE Laws: Gerefa (Corpus Cambr.) ix. 454 Me mæig in Maio & Iunio & Iulio on sumera fealgian, myxendincgan ut dragan, lochyrdla tilian. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2956 Heo unbunde þa locun, drowen ut þa baiȝes, þa palles & þa purpres. c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 455 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 14 Þe Aumperour drouȝ out is swerd. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 19500 Oute he droȝ baþe wiue and man. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 608 It is nedefulle þat it be drawen oute [?a1425 N.Y. Acad. Med. drawen vp; L. extirpetur] wiþ yren or with medecynes. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xxi. 58 Than they tooke lond and drew out theyr horses. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 24 Then in rage and sudden rapture drew out his Knife. 1700 T. Brown Amusem. Serious & Comical ix. 97 Other knaves..take as much for Drawing out an Old Tooth, as would buy a Sett of New ones. 1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper xiii. 278 Kill your Pig, dress off the Hair, and draw out the Entrails. 1877 W. Black Green Pastures & Piccadilly I. xiii. 215 Then Jack drew his shooter out and shot Billy Bill through the head. 1898 Med. Summary 20 98/1 I..have seen it [sc. Boralide] draw out the pus from small and large abscesses. 1934 E. Podolsky Med. marches On v. xvi. 140 The iron lung forced air into his paralyzed chest and drew it out again. 2016 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 7 Apr. 54/3 He drew out his billfold and emptied it of money. b. intransitive. To come out when pulled; to be pulled out. ΚΠ 1673 N. Grew Let. 11 Dec. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1975) X. 394 They can by no means be conceiv'd, upon a divulsion of ye barque from ye wood, to draw out, but to break off short. 1849 A. Harris Guide Port Stephens 89 The fish-spear is jagged in such a manner that, being once driven in, it will not draw out, but brings the fish out with it. 1891 Longman's Mag. Nov. 69 The harpoon did not penetrate sufficiently..and therefore drew out. 1893 Field 4 Mar. 335/1 A drawer should be fitted..so as to draw out..and shut back..in a moment. 1903 Iron Age 12 Nov. 69/2 In pulling out the swivel turns straight up, in which position the pin draws out easily. 1993 Ideas for Great Kids' Rooms 76 Be sure the trundle draws out smoothly, and that your child can handle it alone. 2. a. transitive. To write or compose (something, esp. an official document); to draw up. Also: to delineate. Now somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)] writeeOE drawa1398 descrivec1400 describe1538 to draw forth1539 to set out1545 design1570 to draw out1576 detrain1587 lineate16.. linea1616 redraw1728 society > communication > writing > manner of writing > [verb (transitive)] > draw up document writeOE makec1300 drawc1390 to make upa1425 to make out1465 prepare1562 to draw up1623 scriven1742 to draw out1773 redact1837 a1400 Mirror (Hunterian 250) (2003) Prol. 3 And þerfor ich haue sette myn herte for to drawen out a litel tretice of diuinite. 1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 377 (note) It passeth my capacitie to drawe out his portrayture in sufficient livelynesse. 1613 R. Cocks Let. 30 Nov. in A. Farrington Eng. Factory in Japan (1991) I. 99 Mr Adams hath drawn out the plot of Japan. 1705 J. Blair in W. S. Perry Hist. Coll. Amer. Colonial Church: Virginia (1870) I. 151 A copy..which he promised as soon as it could be fair drawn out. 1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer ii. 27 Bring us the bill of fare... I believe it's drawn out. 1826 Examiner 190/2 Leases..were drawn out and founded on the basis of that monopoly. 1861 Temple Bar May 248 The [marriage] settlements were permitted to be drawn out. 1901 R. Kipling Kim vii. 163 Draw out thy horoscope and say Which planet mends thy threadbare fate or mars! 1968 Daily Democrat (Woodland, Calif.) 27 Mar. (Davis ed.) [He]..requested the city draw out an agreement that the union does, in fact, represent the public works department field employes. 2018 Times of India (Nexis) 8 Jan. He said his sons had forced him to draw out a will in their favour. †b. transitive. With in, into: to render (a text) into another language or style of writing; to translate. Cf. sense 23. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] setc888 wendeOE turnc1175 writec1275 drawa1325 translatea1375 expound1377 takea1382 interpret1382 transpose1390 remue?a1400 renderc1400 put?a1425 to draw outa1450 reducec1450 compile1483 redige?1517 make1529 traducea1533 traduct1534 converta1538 do1561 to set out1597 transcribe1639 throw1652 metaphrase1868 versionize1874 a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail lii. l. 1064 (MED) He which In Romawnce this drow Owte [Fr. qui le translata en romant], he knew ful lytel Of Seynt Graal. c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 325 (MED) A lytele schort tretyse..drawne owt in englische of þat deuowt contemplatyfe boke wrytene clergialye in latyne. c1500 in F. J. Furnivall Gild of St. Mary, Lichfield (1920) 14 It ys a-Greyde that the Statutis..shalbe draue owt in-to Englyshe. 3. a. transitive. To pull out (something) to a greater length or size; to stretch, elongate; to flatten out (metal). Cf. sense 41. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen > by drawing out drawa1398 to draw abroada1400 to draw out1484 wire-draw1598 rope1798 1484 Rolls of Parl.: Richard III (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1484 §26. m. 18 Clothes..ben sett uppon tayntours and drawen out in leyngh and brede. 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. D7 They cause it [sc. cloth] to be tentered, racked, and so drawne out, as it shall be both broader, and longer than it was. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 505 The other sort of copper..yeeldeth to the hammer and will be drawne out, whereupon some call it Ductile. 1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 137 in Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. One may draw it out in Threads like hot Sealing-wax. 1708 Cowell's Law Dict. at Chafery At this Chafery they draw out the Anconies into finisht Bars. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xxxvii. 259 He drew out his face, glouting, to half the length of my arm. 1841 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2 ii. 222 The spores were lengthened, or drawn out into a short pedicel. 1883 Items of Interest Aug. 329 Put them together into the machine for drawing out wire, and watch the process. You would finally have a wire fifty miles long, no larger than the finest hair. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 587/2 The light from the star passing through the prism and being drawn out into a spectrum without the use of a slit. 1946 W. B. Honey Victoria & Albert Mus. Glass i. 8 Softened glass is readily drawn out into threads. 2007 C. Evans & G. Rydén Baltic Iron in Atlantic World Eighteenth Cent. ii. 139 Blister steel was routinely drawn out into slimmer bars. b. transitive. To extend the duration of (something); to protract, prolong. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > express copiously [verb (transitive)] > extend or prolong to draw out1542 to drive out1572 wire-draw1598 overspina1643 to spin out1673 1542 T. Becon Newe Pathway vnto Praier vi. sig. D.iij^v Neyther maye he vse many wordes, nor draw out his prayer on a great length, but speake fewe wordes, yea & those symple, playne and homely. 1565 tr. Origen Homilie of Marye Magdalene sig. D.vi^v His Iournye muste be drawne out three daie longe. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. ii. 23 To peize the time, To ech it, and to draw it out in length. 1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 36 In notes, with many a winding bout Of lincked sweetnes long drawn out. 1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xlvii. 515 To draw out time, and weary them. a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 30 I Prayed often, and drew out my Prayers to a great length. 1893 Temple Bar Sept. 68 Breakfast was drawn out to a most unusual length. 1991 Atlantic Mar. 90/1 With abandon..she draws out the laugh as long as possible, winding up with a chuckle. 2003 High Country News 20 Jan. 3/1 Imperial drew out the negotiation process to the last possible moment. 2009 Time Out Mallorca & Menorca 139/2 Sitting down at one of the cafés in the Plaça Major and drawing out lunch..for hours at a time. c. intransitive. Of a succession of days or evenings in spring or summer: to become longer. Cf. to draw in 6b at Phrasal verbs 1. ΚΠ 1874 Fraser's Mag. Aug. 142/1 In the spring, as the evenings draw out, there is almost always something to be done even after the labourers have left. 1892 R. Irwin Hist. Nineteenth Army Corps xviii. 207 As the summer days drew out and the heat grew more intense, the brooks dried up. 1944 A. Thirkell Headmistress (1947) viii. 162 Mrs. Hunter..greeted Mrs. Belton with affability and said how nice it was to feel the days drawing out. 2010 Where to Go When Great Brit. & Ireland 45 As the evenings draw out, even the arts events spill outside. 4. Military. a. intransitive. Of troops: to move out of camp or quarters. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > manoeuvre > [verb (intransitive)] > move or march > out of camp or quarters to draw out1525 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xxxiii. f. xxxix^v/1 Paraduenture by that tyme your enemyes wyll assemble togyder and drawe out in to the felde whan ye take leest hede therto. a1625 J. Fletcher Bonduca i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Gggg2/1 To morrow we'll draw out, and view the Cohorts. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 10 Three score of us then drew out. 1709 Tatler No. 42. ⁋14 Draw out Company by Company, and Troop by Troop. 1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough II. 177 Some sixty or seventy Irish Dragoons ‘drew out’..and took up a threatening position. 2015 H. J. Redman Frederick the Great & Seven Years' War ii. vi. 50/2 The army was ordered to draw out from their tents into lines preparing for battle. †b. transitive To lead out (one's troops) in preparation for battle or some purpose; to detach (troops) from the main force for a particular purpose; to draw up (troops) in formation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > detach for special purpose to draw out1587 detach1684 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops) raya1387 impale1553 to draw out1587 body1603 to draw up1608 re-form1753 form1816 1587 J. Polemon 2nd Pt. Bk. Battailes sig. D Vsing the counsaile of Biron, he drew out 200. horses of his troupes, making a good number of Harquebuziers to march on his right side. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 88 Next morning drawing out his men [he] assayles him. 1684 True Copy Jrnl. Tryal Charles I 8 Serjeant Dendy about twelve of the clock of the same day, accompanied with ten Trumpets and Two Troops of Horse, drawn out for that purpose in Paul's Church-Yard, himself mounted, bearing his Mace. 1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi ii. App. 50/1 Four Companies of these were drawn out as Forlorns. 1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 85 The King ordered the Regiment to be drawn out. 1809 W. Godwin Hist. Rome 79 Brennus drew out a select party, and ordered them to scale the hill on that side at midnight. 1866 T. Carlyle Inaug. Addr. Edinb. 177 Thirty-thousand armed men, drawn out for that occasion. 1902 G. S. Whitmore Last Maori War iii. 36 I resolved to draw out the whole of the troops and the Wanganui natives, as a reconnaissance in force, to prove to the enemy that the tents were not unoccupied. 1917 Janesville (Wisconsin) Daily Gaz. 7 Sept. 1/7 The troops were drawn out in regimental squares, and the formation seemed formidable. 5. transitive. To call (something) forth; to elicit; to make a person divulge (something). Frequently with from, out of. Cf. sense 79a. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > elicit or call forth movea1398 drawa1400 provoke?a1425 askc1450 to draw out1525 to stir up1526 allure?1532 suscitate1532 to call out1539 to draw fortha1569 draw1581 attract1593 raise1598 force1602 fetch1622 milka1628 invite1650 summon1679 elicit1822 to work up?1833 educe1840 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. clxiv. f clxiii^v/2 He was a man by reason of his fayre langage, to drawe out by one meanes or other the secretes of ons herte. 1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie iv. xiii. 204 To drawe out from vs an accusation of forraine Churches. 1615 P. Simson Short Compend Hist. First Ten Persecutions II. iv. iii. 58 Flaviaenus B. of Antiochia, who with great dexteritie drew out a Confession out of the mouth of Adelphius, an aged man. 1683 W. Cave Ecclesiastici v. 87 Not one word would have been spoken against Athanasius, had it not been..drawn out by the Flattery and Insinuation of the Arians. 1729 N. Lardner Vindic. Three of Saviour's Miracles iii. 105 Nothing can draw out from him any word, that has the appearance of boast or vanity. 1777 F. Burney Let. 27 Mar. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 224 Useful in drawing out the Wit & pleasantry of others. 1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) II. 215 The bench interrogating the prisoner, and drawing out indiscreet avowals. 1857 Daily Courier (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 14 May 2/1 A Buffalo Jew, pretending to be deaf and dumb, got a railroad pass at Syracuse, for Buffalo, through the sympathy that he drew out from the Superintendent. 1990 C. Williamson in Weird Tales Fall 65/2 Her voice, as she tried to draw out his secrets over dinner, was cawing, strident. 2000 P. Thompson Voice of Past (ed. 3) iv. 157 Detailed questions can draw out the particular facts and accounts of everyday life which the social historian may be seeking. †6. transitive. To utter (something) slowly or with effort. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > drawl to draw outc1540 drawl1643 train1647 trail1891 c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 78^v Diamed full depely drough out a laughter. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. i. sig. A Hearing him drawe out his wordes so softly and so weakely. 1676 tr. St. Bernard in J. Tillotson Rule of Faith iii. iv. 225 The Priests, almost universally, have much ado to read, though but in an haesitating and spelling fashion, drawing out one syllable after another, without understanding either the sense of what they read, or the words. 7. a. transitive. To persuade or entice (a person or animal) to come out into the open or leave a place of safety or comfort; to lure (a person or animal) out. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > snare, trap, entanglement > entrap, ensnare [verb (transitive)] > into a place, action, etc. betrayc1250 weyec1315 deceivea1375 to draw out1579 fond1628 drill1662 seduce1673 surprise1696 to rope into1859 forset1872 steer1889 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 203 He vnderstoode they were counterfeate letters, made by Hannibals fine deuise to haue drawen him out..for whom him selfe laye..in ambushe. 1690 tr. G. Buchanan Hist. Scotl. ix. 316 They marched to New-Castle, and threatning to besiege it, they endeavoured by Contumelies and Big Words, to draw out the Enemy. 1763 H. S. J. Giral del Pino Dict. Spanish & Eng. I. at Hiena A beast supposed to be like a wolf, with a mane like a horse, which in the night counterfeits a human voice near shepherds cottages, to draw them out and devour them. 1814 Let. 7 Aug. in Niles' Weekly Reg. 27 Aug. 436/2 I..endeavoured to draw him out to see him and try his strength—for this purpose I sent the rifle corps through the intervening woods. 1964 Western Kansas Press (Great Bend, Kansas) 21 Aug. 2/8 A chipmunk..set up housekeeping under the seat of their car... Attempts to draw the animal out with crackers..have failed to dislodge him. 2016 Hindu (Nexis) 29 Jan. All I wanted to do was hit the comfortable bed at Rose Inn... But the..strains of bagpipes in the distance and the lure of watching a stunning sunset drew me out. b. transitive. Sport. To force (an opponent) out of position or into making an unwise move by tactical play. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [verb (transitive)] > other actions or types of play outshoot1545 football1599 pitch1717 make1819 to warm up1868 to draw out1893 bench1898 foot1900 cover1907 cannonball1911 telegraph1913 unsight1923 snap1951 to sit out1955 pike1956 to sit down1956 wrong-foot1960 blindside1968 sit1977 1893 M. Donovan Sci. Boxing 24 Feinting is..important..in..boxing. Its object is to deceive your opponent as to your intentions, and draw him out to ascertain his mode of attack and defence. 1973 Daily Pennsylvanian 9 Oct. 6 We knew they were using a sweeper, so we had to run to the corners to draw him out. 2017 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 29 June He's a yard ahead of the defender as he tries to draw the keeper out and slot it across him towards the far corner. 8. transitive. To withdraw (money) from a bank or other institution. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [verb (transitive)] > withdraw (money) to call out1682 to draw out1745 withdraw1776 1745 Gen. Advertiser 30 Sept. A certain noted Gentleman hath distinguished himself by drawing out the Sum of 5000 l. which he had in the Bank, carrying the Money to a Banker, changing it for Bank Notes, drawing out his Cash again, and so continuing the same Round till he was discovered. 1796 R. Bage Hermsprong III. iv. 40 By a clause in the annuity agreement, he agreed to forfeit one half of it, if ever he drew out the last of the 15000l. deposited for his gaming fund. 1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xxxii, in Temple Bar Dec. 20 Paying in money, and drawing money out, at his employer's bank. 1908 Westm. Gaz. 29 Dec. 3/1 Banking credit..which I can draw out wholly in gold or bank-notes, or which I can cheque out in settlement of my debts. 1959 I. Gershwin Lyrics on Several Occasions 313 I..drew out the $160 I had in a savings bank. 2001 J. Murphy Kings of Kilburn High Road i, in Two Plays 17 Scrimp an' save till I've about a grand in the bank. I puts me good suit on, draws the grand out an' next thing yeh know I'm Lord Muck. 9. transitive. colloquial. To elicit information from (a person); to induce (a person) to talk without restraint or reserve. Cf. sense 83. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > indirectly or cautiously feel1425 undermine1574 sound1575 undercrop1596 to draw out1778 1778 F. Burney Let. 21 Aug. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1994) III. 83 She did not..use any means to draw me out. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iv. vi. 188 But shy, quite too shy; no drawing her out. 1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XV lxxxii. 46 He had the art of drawing people out, Without their seeing what he was about. 1890 A. Gissing Village Hampden III. 295 Joice steadily resisted all efforts to draw her out. 1977 L. R. Banks Path to Silent Country (1988) i. iii. 51 Several people made efforts to draw her out, but the relentless literalness of her replies to witticisms soon damped the conversational energies of all but the most determined. 1992 InterCity Mag. Feb. 21/3 Dining with Japanese business people, allowing himself to relax and be drawn out, letting his wit and humour flow. 2002 J. Kellerman Murder Bk. 127 The leader tried to draw her out, but Caroline never talked, would just stare at the floor and pretend not to hear. 10. intransitive. Chiefly Horse Racing. To get gradually further ahead of an opponent in a race. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > race [verb (intransitive)] > gain ground draw1823 to draw out1838 to draw up1843 1838 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. Nov. 497 Ratler, however, lapped him at the half mile post, but Dutchman soon after drew out in front again. 1892 Standard 10 Aug. 7/5 The favourite drew out and won by two lengths. 1902 Manch. Courier 17 Mar. 7/7 Oxford drew out and led at Hammersmith in 9min. 56 sec. 2000 Ledger Disp. (Calif.) (Nexis) 13 Sept. (Sports section) 8 He battled wheel-to-wheel and, instead of fading from the lack of activity, once into the lead, he drew out to take the checkered flag. 2018 Ruidoso (New Mexico) News (Nexis) 3 Aug. a9 In the stretch, Fast Gator exerted herself and easily drew out to the four-length victory. 11. transitive. To pick out and draw attention to (something); to highlight, tease out. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] > strikingly to set out1577 illustrate1603 to stick off1613 signalize1624 to draw out1855 spotlight1907 highlight1922 limelight1927 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (transitive)] > attach importance to > render outstanding aggravate1549 accent1595 to lay weight upon1600 emphase1631 circumflect1643 to lay (also place, put) stress on (also upon)1653 to set home1656 forestall1657 circumflex1661 signalize1698 to lay stress, weight, emphasis on or upon1748 emphasize1793 accentuate1817 stress1845 to rub in1851 to draw out1855 underline1880 punctuate1883 peak1887 underscore1891 to point up1926 1855 Christian Examiner July 88 Many sentences from this version..would also be admitted by the best skilled interpreters of Scripture to relieve an obscurity, to draw out the significance,..in one or another passage. 1861 Christian Reformer Dec. 740 Here and there..we may find some name which is or ought to be familiar to us, and you will allow me to draw them out from these long catalogues of the forgotten. 1989 Sunday Times (Nexis) 19 Mar. Further analysis..draws out the implications of the coming economic squeeze for different sectors of the economy. 2002 Time Out N.Y. 25 Apr. 62/2 This collection of original costumes and other Jedi-type artifacts are placed among pieces of fine art to draw out the similarities. † to draw over 1. transitive. To pass over (something) with something that covers or acts on it; (in passive) to be overlaid with. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for > bespread or cover with wryc950 bredeOE bridgeOE bespreadc1275 couchc1330 spreadc1330 cover1382 overspreadc1385 overlaya1400 overcast1440 to draw overc1450 ramplish1494 to lay over1535 c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 4207 Draȝen ouer with hidis. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. iij Their horses Trapped, in burned Siluer, drawen ouer with Cordes of Grene Silke and Gold. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Pool You may make a Cistern or Pool to hold Water by daubing of it with Clay and Mortar, and after draw it over with Mortar. 1797 W. Macro in A. Young Agric. Suffolk 46 Drawing the land over with a heavy harrow when only one cast, or half the seed is sown. 2. transitive. To cause (a liquid) to pass over into a still; to obtain by distillation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to distillation distil1398 stilla1400 rectify?a1425 circulate1471 redistil1600 elixirate1605 to still forth1605 to still awaya1631 cohobate1651 to draw over1654 elixira1658 1654 tr. G. Fedro von Rodach Physicall & Chymicall Wks. 51 Distill it, the first must be gentle, then increase it by degrees, let all the liquor be drawn over. 1676 R. Boyle Exper. & Considerations Colours in Wks. (1772) I. 712 I..mixed with it essential oil of wormwood, drawn over with water in a limbeck. 1743 A. Macbean tr. G. Rothe Synopsis Chem. ii. iv. 126 You may always employ the ardent Spirit of the Plant itself, or at least draw over or rectify common Spirit of Wine therefrom. 1884 Notes & Queries 23 Aug. 159/1 The Moslem physician Rhazes drew over a red oil by distillation called oleum benedictum philosophorum. 3. intransitive. Scottish. To last, endure. Obsolete.Possibly a mistake by the editor of the 1728 edition of this work. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (intransitive)] > endure, remain, persist, or continue bidec893 lastOE through-wonOE ylasta1000 standOE runOE lastlOE beleavec1200 abidec1275 cleavec1275 durec1275 dwell13.. endurec1386 perseverec1390 continuec1400 contunec1400 tarrya1450 remainc1455 perdure?a1475 rest1474 permanec1485 succeed1486 perpetuate1530 persist1531 demur1547 perduratea1558 weara1568 to hold it out1585 to hold out1585 abye1590 contain1592 live1592 perennate1623 to draw overa1700 exist1754 linger1764 to hang it out1939 a1700 R. Lindsay Hist. Scotl. (Edinb. Dc.1.66) (modernized text) (1728) 132 This Cumber drew over [a1600 Edinb. Laing I. 218 draiff ower], till the King was twelve Years of Age. a1700 R. Lindsay Hist. Scotl. (Edinb. Dc.1.66) (modernized text) (1728) 107 This drew over [a1600 Edinb. Laing I. 218 draif ower] for a Space. 4. transitive. To induce (a person) to come over to one's own side or point of view. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over procurec1325 to gain over1582 bribe1592 overwork1593 overwin1600 smooth1608 overpersuade1639 spirit1656 over-entreata1661 engage1699 to bring over1724 to draw over1734 conciliate1796 to carry over1855 1734 W. Whiston tr. Eusebius in Six Diss. i. 15 How otherwise could he draw over so many of the Jews? 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 153 To draw over some of the German Princes to His Interest. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. viii. 524 His object in these accommodations was to draw over the more moderate catholics. 1870 Eclectic Mag. Sept. 158/1 The chiefs of our party tried to draw him over to us; but, as he would not come, we had to get up a quarrel in the street. to draw together 1. a. transitive. To bring together (esp. people) from scattered places or sources; to gather together; to cause to gather. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] somnec825 heapc900 gathera975 samc1000 to set togetherc1275 fang1340 assemblec1374 recueilc1380 drawa1393 to draw togethera1398 semblea1400 congatherc1400 congregatec1400 to take together1490 recollect1513 to gather togetherc1515 to get together1523 congesta1552 confer1552 collect1573 ingatherc1575 ramass1586 upgather1590 to muster upa1593 accrue1594 musterc1595 compone1613 herd1615 contract1620 recoil1632 comporta1641 rally1643 rendezvous1670 purse1809 adduct1824 to round up1873 reeve1876 to pull together1925 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. xl. 1303 Some stynkynge þinges beþ ydoon in medicyne, as..asa fetida... Þey draweþ togidres roted humours..and putteþ hem oute of þe body. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. l. 173 (MED) Denes and suddenes, drawe ȝow togideres, Erchdekenes and officiales and alle ȝowre Regystreres. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. pr. iii. l. 222 If þei..assaile vs as strengere, oure leder draweþ to gedir hys rycchesse in to hys toure. ?1492 tr. Raymond of Capua Lyf St. Katherin of Senis (de Worde) ii. xii. sig. mv/1 On the morowe thyse in fantes drewe theym togyder in a companye and wolde suffer none corrupte child come amonges theym. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. lxxxiiii. f. xliii^v/2 Than he drewe togyder all his company and withdrue backe towarde his shyppes in great hast. 1694 I. Newton Let. 25 May in Corr. (1961) III. 362 A Fair draws together a greater Number of Chapmen than little markets doe. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 63 An Army of about 1600 Men was drawn together. 1859 Harper's Mag. May 767/1 Her outcries drew together a crowd of idlers and lookers-on. 1969 G. St George Siberia xiii. 226 The amalgamating spirit of Russia, which draws together people of various races, colors, and creeds. 1985 J. N. Isbister Freud v. 204 Freud drew all of his thoughts on civilization together in 1930. 2014 Guardian 25 July (G2 section) 6/3 Afrofuturism draws together elements of astral jazz, African American sci-fi and psychedelic hip-hop into an all-encompassing philosophy. 2015 Australian (Nexis) 26 Feb. 29 It has drawn together a group of wealthy investors to buy a Sydney office tower. b. intransitive. Of people or animals: to come together, to gather. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals gathera975 ensemblea1300 drawc1300 semble1389 herd1393 assemblea1400 routa1400 sanka1400 trume?a1400 musterc1425 convene1429 resemblea1450 to draw together1455 forgather1513 accompany1534 troop1565 congregate1570 to get together1575 parliament?1589 accoil1590 join1706 to roll up1817 congressa1850 to round up1879 1455–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. July 1455 §12. m. 24 The lordes of this lande..mowe drawe directly togidres in oon union and accorde, in that that may be sowne to the honour, prosperite and welfare of the kyng. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xviii. f. lviii/1 They drewe togyder & mounted on their horses, and yssued out he that myght firste. ?1569 T. Norton Warnyng agaynst Papistes sig. Oiv Let vs draw louingly together, and then say and sing merily, God spede the ploughe of England. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 116 Our men immediately..drew together in a body. 1893 National Observer 5 Aug. 304/1 They drew closer together. 1915 V. Woolf Voy. Out xvii. 274 Various people tended to draw together in the hall. 1982 Washington Post 22 Apr. c8/1 As the cocktail crowd swirled under the vast vaulted splendor of the library's Great Hall, unlikely bibliophiles drew together. 2007 Callaloo 30 887 The birds drew together like scheming old women at the market. 2. intransitive. To come together, so as to occupy a smaller area; to shrink, contract. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > become reduced in size or extent [verb (intransitive)] > contract or shrink shrimc1000 shrinkc1275 to draw togethera1398 gather1577 coact1578 to fall together1583 draw1615 contract1648 to run up1838 to take up1860 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. i. 1092 Þilke beþ crepynge bestes and wormes þat passeþ fro place to place by strecchynge of body and drawynge eft togyderes. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 527 His skynne draweth togyther lyke burned lether. 1893 Temple Bar Jan. 157 Her dark brows draw together over her black eyes. 2007 W. Barlowe God's Demon xv. 130 A blue effulgence grew between the floating horns above his head. It drew together, growing brighter, and became a quickly rotating ball. 3. transitive (reflexive). To recover control of oneself or one's emotions; to gather one's faculties or resources; to collect oneself. Cf. to pull together 2b at pull v. Phrasal verbs. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)] > collect one's energies to gather oneself (together)1470 to draw together1856 the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > restore oneself [verb (reflexive)] reintegrate1591 recovera1715 to draw together1856 1856 E. P. De Lesdernier Berenice ix. 88 Startled into life by this new danger just escaped, I once more drew myself together for a renewal of my journey. 1885 G. Allen Babylon I. i. 1 Mrs. Winthrop drew herself together from the peas she was languidly shelling. 1908 Smart Set May 117/1 At the house she aroused herself and stepped numbly from the rig; then paused at the door, drawing herself together for the meeting with Aunt Maria. 2000 H. Habila in Timbuktu, Timbuktu (2002) 20 He had been speaking in a rush; now he drew himself together and, as though to reassert his authority, began to pace the room, speaking in a subdued, measured tone. to draw up 1. a. transitive. To pull or drag (something) up; to raise (something). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > lift or take up aheaveeOE to reach upOE to draw upOE bearc1225 upnimc1290 to take upc1330 upholda1400 lutchc1400 hovec1480 upweigha1593 lift1596 poise1689 to up with1825 OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Tiber. B.i) anno 1040 He let dragan up þæne deadan Harald & hine on fen sceotan. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 159 Alswa se þe sunne drach up þene deu and makeð þer of kume reines. c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 975 A cabel..Forto drawen vp al þing Þat nede was to her libbeing. a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 55 Anon the sayl up thay drowgh. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xxvij & by force of engynes drewe it vp. 1581 True Rep. Late Murther by William Sherwood sig. A.vii The hangman was enforced to vndoo the Halter which he had fastened to the Iibbet, and to put it about his neck belowe, and so by little and little to draw him vp. 1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 161 in Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. They..draw it up also with Pulleys into the Ship. 1706 P. A. Motteux in J. Vanbrugh Mistake Epil. With Glass drawn up, Drive about Covent-Garden. 1833 R. Southey Lives Brit. Admirals I. vi. 381 When the tide came they disanchored, and drew up sail. 1869 W. Longman Hist. Edward III I. xiv. 261 The gate was shut, the bridge was drawn up. 1885 ‘L. Carroll’ Tangled Tale ii. 9 She drew up the blind, and indicated the back garden. 1918 W. Cather My Ántonia (1988) i. i. 7 A long scar ran across one cheek and drew the corner of his mouth up in a sinister curl. 2004 Amer. Poetry Rev. 33 40/1 The diver descends naked, until exhausted, drawing up the sink-stone, then the oysters. b. intransitive. To be pulled up; to rise. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > rise or go up [verb (intransitive)] styc825 astyc950 ariseOE upstyOE to step upOE upcomec1000 to come upOE to go upOE upwendc1200 runge?c1225 amountc1275 upgoa1325 heavec1325 uparise1340 ascend1382 higha1393 lifta1400 risea1400 skilla1400 uprisea1400 raisec1400 rearc1400 surmount1430 to get upc1450 transcenda1513 springa1525 upmounta1560 assurge?1567 hove1590 surgea1591 tower1618 hoist1647 upheave1649 to draw up1672 spire1680 insurrect1694 soar1697 upsoar1726 uprear1828 higher1889 1672 E. Ravenscroft Citizen turn'd Gentleman i. i. sig. B (stage direct.) The Curtain draws up and discovers the Musick Master siting at a Table. 1770 G. Colman Man & Wife Prelude 5 The curtain is just going to draw up. 1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous iii. 57 Dan..twitched once or twice on the roding, and..the anchor drew up at once. 1958 P. E. Bentley Crescendo ii. 62 The lift drew up; Arnold pushed back the gates and strode ahead. 2006 Medicine Hat (Alberta) News 8 June a3/2 The curtains drew up in the first scene revealing Lucy as played by principal dancer Tara Birtwhistle. 2. transitive. Cookery. To combine (an ingredient) with another to form a paste or liquid; to bring (a sauce, filling, etc.) to the proper consistency. Cf. sense 27b. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > mix ally1381 allaya1425 drawa1425 to draw upa1425 fold1915 blend1936 a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 86 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 117 Take almaundes..and bray hem in a morter with heppes; Drawe it vp with gode red wyne. ?c1425 Recipe in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Arun. 334) (1790) 425 Breke hom in a morter, and drawe hom up wythe gode brothe. a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 20 Draw hem vppe wyth þe [almond] Mylke þorw a straynoure. 1661 W. Rabisha Whole Body Cookery vii. 50 Beat up two or three yolks of eggs in a little of the said Broth, and draw it up thick, with a ladleful of drawn butter amongst it. 1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. sig. S3^v Draw up that half of your Sauce that you reserv'd, with a little Butter to the thickness of Cream. 1730 C. Carter Compl. Pract. Cook 35 Put in your Sagoe..well boil'd, and Season it with Sugar, and draw it up with Eggs. 1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. (1991) iv. 146 Elizabethan ‘tartstuff’, a thick pulp of boiled fruit, was often drawn up with eggs in the manner of the earlier ‘chardewardon’. 3. transitive. To mend (a hole or tear in a garment) by drawing the edges together with thread or yarn. Cf. sense 15. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > mend fabric or clothing to make againc1384 stop1480 draw1592 darnc1600 to draw up1603 fine-draw1665 plain-darn1880 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > sew > repair or mend draw1592 darnc1600 to draw up1603 ranter1607 fine-draw1665 clobber1851 plain-darn1880 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 967 We our selves have beene apprentises and scholars to them in the principall things of this life; namely, to the spider, for spinning, weaving, derning, and drawing up a rent. 1673 M. Stevenson Norfolk Drollery 71 Nor dost thou patch, but botch; why dost not send And draw the hole up with a Cobler's End? 1714 D. Turner De Morbis Cutaneis 268 The Puckering Work of a silly Child drawing up some Hole or Rent, which by some Accident hath been made therein. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. x. 41 That he could draw up an argument in his sermon,—or a hole in his breeches. 1840 M. P. Rouch Recoll. of Childhood 20 For the skein of silk purchased in such haste, it was probably I thought, to sew a button on the coat, or draw up a hole in the stocking of the unfortunate master of the house. 1931 Evening Tribune (Marysville, Ohio) 23 Dec. 4/5 Anyone can draw up a hole in the elbow of a sweater or seam up a snag in a wool skirt, but a good darn or patch is a work of art. 4. a. transitive. To arrange (troops) in formation. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops) raya1387 impale1553 to draw out1587 body1603 to draw up1608 re-form1753 form1816 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxii. 55 The enemies in vew, draw vp your powers. View more context for this quotation a1671 T. Fairfax Short Mem. (1699) 84 Here we drew up our army. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall i The legion was usually drawn up eight deep. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 243 The ranks were drawn up under arms. 1941 Life 27 Oct. 69 Before the high-gabled Flemish town of Courtrai a mighty French cavalry army, led by Count Robert of Artois, was drawn up in battle array. 1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army xx. 237 The whole regiment drawn up in review order. b. intransitive. Of troops: to take up position, to adopt a formation. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (intransitive)] > take up position liec1275 stalla1425 sleeve1598 to draw up1642 to take post1659 concentrate1813 1642 New Declar. Last Affairs Ireland 11 Some of the Troops were forced to goe about, and then drew up again in the same order, on the otherside of the Hedge. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 292 The whole Portuguese Cavalry being landed, drew up in two squadrons. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 231 They did, indeed, draw up in Order of Battle. 1809 A. N. Matthews tr. Mishcàt-ul-Maśábìh I. iv. xlvii. 311 We drew up in two ranks in his rear; and the enemy were between us and the Kiblah. 1992 P. O'Brian Clarissa Oakes (1997) ix. 243 They draw up in lines, throw spears and slingstones and then go for one another with clubs and the like. 5. a. intransitive. To approach, come close to; (with with) to come alongside or abreast of.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 10b. ΚΠ ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xv. 207 Let's draw vp to our fleete, and we..Stand firme, and trie, if these that raise, so high their charging darts, May be resisted. 1642 N. Bernard Whole Proc. Siege Drogheda 62 [He] drew up to them, who no sooner felt the smart of our shot..but they instantly broke. 1770 Gentleman's Mag. May 197/1 The French captain was peremptory, and the lieutenant drew up alongside of his vessel, and fired a shot into her. 1795 Ld. Nelson Let. 13 Mar. in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) II. 13 As we drew up with the Enemy. 1889 J. K. Jerome Three Men in Boat 8 We drew up to the table. 1925 N. Mitchison Cloud Cuckoo Land (1928) 187 About midday they sighted a sail to the north, a small trader that drew up with them slowly, and at last hailed. 1998 H. Mantel Giant O'Brien i. 10 The youths bowed when they drew up to them. ‘Welcome, Mesters. These days, even the beggars give us the go-by.’ b. intransitive. To advance or regain one's position in a race or other contest; to catch up; to recover.See also to draw up level at Phrases 13. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > race [verb (intransitive)] > gain ground draw1823 to draw out1838 to draw up1843 1843 Caledonian Mercury 6 Mar. They went in a somewhat lengthened team over the ploughed land to the Canal, where the tail drew up, and as they entered the course.., the body of horses together was a strange one. 1864 Newcastle Courant 12 Aug. 6/7 Just as they reached the Point the Thames crew drew up, and in crossing the river collared the Tyne. 1921 Durham Univ. Jrnl. Apr. 265 Armstrong then settled down and gradually drew up and a spurt reduced the lead to ½ length. 1998 Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, Illinois) 1 May ii. 9 He had every right to cave in over the final sixteenth when one horse drew up on the outside and another came charging up inside of him. 6. transitive. To write or compose (something, esp. an official document); to compile, to put together. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > manner of writing > [verb (transitive)] > draw up document writeOE makec1300 drawc1390 to make upa1425 to make out1465 prepare1562 to draw up1623 scriven1742 to draw out1773 redact1837 1623 T. Powell Attourneys Acad. 94 The Plaintiffes Attourney..must draw vp his Declaration against the defendant, for which purpose the sayd Clerke must haue the Bond. 1693 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 423 The Committee having drawen up their Answer to the remonstrance, doe sign it. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 60. ¶7 A List of Words..drawn up by another Hand. 1787 R. Price Let. 23 Sept. in Corr. (1994) III. 143 After drawing up a plan and an account of the subjects on which I chose to assist the studies of my pupils, my spirits revolted. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. x. 440 The report was drawn up by men who had the means of knowing the truth. 1873 A. Borbstædt & F. Dwyer Franco-German War ix. 195 The executive commission..drew up a general plan for the transport of the whole army. 1935 P. G. Wodehouse Luck of Bodkins xv. 170 The first thing she would do, if she was a sensible kid, would be to go to her lawyer and have a contract drawn up and signed. 1960 Times 8 Mar. 10/6 The language to be used in debates, in drawing up official documents and texts of laws and decrees will be French. 1993 Time Out 31 Mar. 31/1 Based on your suggestions, we've drawn up shortlists of six restaurants, and now we're whittling these down to one. 2010 Daily Tel. 20 Aug. 3/4 The European Commission is drawing up guidelines on the permitted ingredients of the West Country staple. 7. transitive. To move (a seat) close to or alongside someone or something, often so as to be able to engage in conversation, or join in a meal or other social activity. Frequently in friendly invitations or requests to sit with someone. Cf. to pull up 6 at pull v. Phrasal verbs. ΚΠ 1692 W. Temple Mem. Christendom ii. 286 He drew up his Chair closer to me, and began a Discourse. 1787 R. Michell Fugitive Pieces II. xlix.175 He desir'd I would fall to at once... Accordingly we drew up our chairs, and proceeded to action immediately. 1847 S. Carolina Temperance Advocate 24 June 2/6 She draws a seat up by my side, and we smoke and talk together to our hearts' content. 1895 S. R. Crockett Men of Moss-hags xxiii. 150 They drew up their stools aboot the hearth, got oot their Bibles an' warmed their taes. 1931 T. Wilder Love & how to cure It in Long Christmas Dinner 93 Do draw up your chair, Mr. Warburton, and have a bite for good feeling's sake. 1955 Bulletin (Sydney) 4 May 34/5 ‘Draw up a pew,’ he commanded. We sat down delicately on two packing-cases. 2004 M. Melton Forget me Not 15 ‘Mind if I draw up a chair?’ he asked. Gabe's heart sank. 8. intransitive. Scottish. To begin to associate or keep company with a person; to enter into relations with. Also of two people: to become friendly, to enter into relations. Sc. National Dict. (at Draw) records this sense as still in use in Angus in 1949 and Fife in 1940. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > become friendly agree1447 fadge1592 to hit it1634 cotton1648 to draw up1723 to hit it off1780 society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > accompany or be companions [verb (intransitive)] accompany?1490 assist1553 to walk (also travel) in the way with1611 to go partners1716 to draw up1723 to shake together1861 to pal up (also around, out, etc.)1889 1723 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. I. 164 Gin ye forsake me, Mairon, I'll e'en gae draw up wi' Jean. 1756 Mrs. Calderwood's Journey in Coltness Coll. (1842) 270 During this time the prioress and he draws up..and one morning they both walk off. 1822 J. Galt Sir Andrew Wylie III. xviii. 152 When I had naething I was fain to draw up wi' you. 1892 Sat. Rev. 9 July 32/2 There was news from Morocco that their Minister had ‘drawn up’ with the Sultan's dreaded rival. 9. transitive (reflexive). To sit or stand up straight, esp. to convey authority, pride, or defiance. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > upright or erect posture > assume upright or erect position [verb (reflexive)] stretchc1325 to pull upa1393 sustainc1405 address1483 to draw up1751 1751 J. Hill Adventures Mr. George Edwards iv. xii. 244 She drew herself up to two Inches more than her ordinary Height, as she receiv'd him. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering III. vii. 135 Drawing herself up so as not to lose one hair-breadth of her uncommon height. 1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. June 342/2 The Doctor..drew himself up in offended dignity. 1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood III. ii. 74 Miss Oldcastle drew herself up with more expression of pride than I had yet seen in her. 1928 N. F. Spielvogel Affair at Eureka 15 Lalor drew himself up to his full height of 6 ft. 6 in. 2012 Independent 21 June 25/4 So she draws herself up and says: ‘Enough!’ 10. a. transitive. To cause (a horse, or horse-drawn vehicle) to stop by drawing on the reins; to bring (a vehicle) to a halt. Cf. to pull up 3a at pull v. Phrasal verbs. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > bring to a standstill astintc700 stinta1330 arrestc1374 stopc1440 stowc1440 stote1489 to pull up1623 to draw up1765 halt1805 to bring to a standstill1809 snub1841 paralyse1933 1765 A. Lockhart Memorial Sir R. Pollok & Others 9 There are no less than three projections on the east side of this bridge, in each of which there is room to draw up a carriage in case there is any hazard of its meeting with another when crossing the bridge. 1828 Examiner 31 Aug. 562/1 We cannot comprehend how without blame a coachman can drive on the wrong side of the road against a gig drawn up on its right side, upset the carriage, and kill the driver. 1849 E. E. Napier Excursions Southern Afr. II. 26 The waggons had been drawn up so as to form a sort of hollow square. 1892 Cornhill Mag. July 22 She drew the horse up short. 1923 Linton (Indiana) Daily Citizen 30 Aug. 8/2 Bruce drew up his car and looked down the grassy incline below. 2015 L. Williams Her Convenient Cowboy 234 He drew up his horse in front of hers, forcing her to rein in. b. intransitive. Of a horse or vehicle: to slow down and stop, come to a standstill, to pull up. Also of a rider or driver: to bring a horse or vehicle to a halt. to draw up to: to come to a stop adjacent to.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 5a. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop abideOE atstandc1000 steveneta1225 atstuntc1230 to make, take, etc., stallc1275 stema1300 astandc1314 withstanda1325 stintc1374 arrestc1400 stotec1400 stayc1440 steadc1475 stop short1530 disadvance1610 come1611 consist1611 check1635 halt1656 to bring to1697 to draw up1767 to bring up1769 to pull up1781 to fetch up1838 to come to a standstill1852 1767 Conflict III. viii. 101 At that instant Sir William's carriage drew up to the door. 1845 D. Jerrold St. Giles (1851) i. 2 She drew up at a watch-box, and addressed herself to the..man within. 1885 Manch. Examiner 3 Oct. 4/7 The train drew up in the station. 1899 St. Nicholas July 710/1 The four splendid horses drew up impatiently before the red house at the corner. 1902 E. Glyn Refl. Ambrosine v. 62 The tuff-tuff-tuff of a motor car was heard, and it drew up at our gate. 1919 Gas Engine Dec. 384/1 Smith turned up the road and was soon beside the disconsolate young woman... ‘Well?’ Smith exclaimed as he drew up. 2011 H. Dolan Very Bad Men (2012) i. 19 He watched a sheriff's cruiser draw up in front of the granite steps. c. transitive. To cause (a person) to abruptly discontinue a course of action; (also) to interrupt (a person) in speaking, esp. with an expression of dissent or disapproval. Frequently as to draw up short. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to desist ceasec1320 stint1338 stop1393 apausea1555 to knock off1651 surcease1791 to draw up1861 the mind > language > speech > interruption > interrupt (speech) [verb (transitive)] > interrupt (a person) to fang upa1400 interrupt1413 interpel1541 catch1670 to take up1885 to draw up1905 1861 R. Swinhoe Narr. N. China Campaign 1860 v. 89 The firing on our side drew them up sharp before they came too near.., and after a brief space of indecision they retreated. 1882 ‘J. M'Govan’ Hunted Down (ed. 5) 90 Ross..hurried on..till he reached the hay-ricks, when a bundle of rags lying on the ground..drew him up with an exclamation of surprise. 1905 O. Agnus Root xi. 145 She treated him..with cold politeness, and drew him up sharply when he ventured to speak with any warmth by a reference to the family feud. 1988 R. Powers Prisoner's Dilemma (1996) i. 25 Something mysterious and convincing in the litany draws the four of them up short for a minute, just listening. 2015 D. Cowan Witness Undercover i. 12 What if she needed to be protected from him? The thought drew her up short. Where had that come from? PV2. With prepositions in specialized senses. to draw against —— intransitive. To borrow money on the security of (an asset). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [verb (intransitive)] > on security to make a chevisancec1386 chevisea1513 to make chevance1538 to draw against ——1849 1849 W. Melrose Let. 27 Sept. in William Melrose in China (1973) 64 I have also bought about 5,000 boxes of Gunpowder..which I intend shipping to the same account and drawing against. 1866 A. Crump Pract. Treat. Banking iii. 78 It is expected that the portion of the credit consisting of those documents, will not be drawn against until sufficient time shall have elapsed for them to be cleared. 1975 D. Hammett Nightmare Town (1999) 373 When she had his account drained she raised the last check, drew against it, and was running away? 2005 Mortgage Servicing News (Nexis) Feb. 27 Current low interest rates, double-digit house price appreciation and bank advertising campaigns are encouraging consumers to draw against their existing lines of credit. † to draw after —— Obsolete. 1. intransitive. To seek out, follow, or desire (a person or thing); to follow the advice of (a person). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > observance or carrying out a promise, law, etc. > observe or carry out a promise, law, etc. [verb (transitive)] > advice, method, or principle followOE to draw after ——c1175 pursuec1390 observec1475 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) 16846 Þurrh þatt tatt teȝȝ droȝhenn aȝȝ Affterr erþliȝ biȝæte. c1300 St. Swithun (Harl.) l. 32 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 44 Swithin his consailler, after wham he drouȝ. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 4978 (MED) Þe wif of Ector, hir douȝter in lawe, After hir lore mochel dide drawe. 2. intransitive. To resemble (a person); to take after. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > resemble or take after to braid ofc1275 anliken1340 liken1340 semblec1400 showc1425 to draw after ——a1500 to be cast in a (particular) mould1745 assimilate1768 a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxiii. 434 She..draweth litill after hir moder. a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 6243 He drawith after that laydy Fro whom he is discended uerily. to draw on —— 1. intransitive. To make permitted demands on (a person or institution) for funds; = to draw upon —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2. Cf. sense 91. ΚΠ 1671 J. Crowne Juliana iii. 31 Draw bills of death, they shall be paid on sight; I will..pay as fast as you can draw on me. 1861 Temple Bar Sept. 218 She has unlimited power to draw on my banker. 1912 Bankers' Mag. Sept. 250/2 We will just draw on you for our balance and quit. 1988 J. Catanzariti et al. Papers of Robert Morris VII. 267 He continued to draw on Le Couteulx and Company, the French banking house which still held some public funds in its hands. 2. intransitive. To use (something) as a resource; to utilize; = to draw upon —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > have recourse to [verb (transitive)] fang855 runOE to take to ——?c1225 seeka1300 goc1390 to have (one's or a) recourse toc1405 recourse?a1425 suit1450 to take (also make or make one's) recourse to (also into)c1456 repairc1475 to fall to ——1490 recur1511 to take unto ——1553 flee1563 betake1590 retreat1650 to call on ——1721 devolve1744 to draw upon ——1800 to draw on ——a1817 a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) IV. x. 223 Anne could not draw on Charles's brain for..an explanation of some smiling hints of particular business, which had been ostentatiously dropped by Mary. 1840 R. H. Barham Ghost in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 94 It is on my own personal reminiscences that I draw for the following story. 1908 Daily Chron. 26 Nov. 6/4 The German Army..is a ‘cadre’ army, which can only be set on a war footing by drawing on the reserves. 1946 S. Spender European Witness i. 11 People like myself could draw on an alleged ‘pool’ of cars to take them on journeys. 2018 Nat. Rev. 16 Apr. 20/3 It..is disorienting to anyone who lacks dense social networks and deep wells of social capital to draw on. to draw over —— transitive. To pull (cloth, clothing, etc.) over (something) so as to cover or conceal it.See also to draw a veil over at veil n.¹ Phrases 4a. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for tighta1000 hapc1390 to draw abroada1400 to draw over ——a1500 superducea1500 induce1567 overhale1579 bespread1598 strew?1615 superinduce1616 obducea1676 a1500 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Adv.) (1810) l. 74 (MED) Over his heyd he drw his hode. 1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 38 And sable stole of Cipres Lawn, Over thy decent shoulders drawn. 1786 F. Burney Diary 21 May (1842) II. 412 I..drew my hat over my face. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. xii. 312 To prevent my being recognised I drew the corpse-hood over my face. 1991 D. Bolger Woman's Daughter (1992) 212 Her skin was greyed, mysterious in the starlight before they drew the blanket over them. to draw upon —— 1. intransitive. To make permitted demands on (a person or institution) for funds; = to draw on —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2. Cf. sense 91. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > receive or take money > from a person firk1604 to draw upon ——1682 1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges v. 24 If a Drawer draw upon one that lives not at the place where the Payment must be made. 1732 J. Gay Let. 16 Nov. in J. Swift Corr. (1766) II. 171 You may now draw upon me for your money, as soon as you please. 1782 B. Franklin Let. 30 Mar. in Papers (2003) XXXVII. 73 I wrote to him to draw upon me for..near Thirty Thousand Pounds Sterling, which will put a Stop to those Protestations. 1809 R. Langford Introd. Trade 26 I have..taken the liberty to draw upon you for £5000. 2010 Business Hist. Rev. 84 38 Every shareholder would be able to draw upon the bank in the form of cash credit to the extent of half of his or her paid-up capital. 2. intransitive. To use (something) as a resource; to utilize; = to draw on —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] > press into service impress1657 enlist1699 to draw upon ——1800 requisition1871 to press into service1926 the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > have recourse to [verb (transitive)] fang855 runOE to take to ——?c1225 seeka1300 goc1390 to have (one's or a) recourse toc1405 recourse?a1425 suit1450 to take (also make or make one's) recourse to (also into)c1456 repairc1475 to fall to ——1490 recur1511 to take unto ——1553 flee1563 betake1590 retreat1650 to call on ——1721 devolve1744 to draw upon ——1800 to draw on ——a1817 1800 Ann. Reg. 1797 (Otridge ed.) Hist. Europe 166/2 England, to meet the war of assignats, drew upon the finances of posterity. 1859 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 20 ii. 488 [Wheat] draws less upon the natural powers of the soil. 1860 Temple Bar Dec. 41 They drew amply upon their imagination when facts failed. 1920 J. C. Powys Complex Vision 358 A demonic or magnetic force in life which can be drawn upon either for good or for evil. 2006 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 3 Jan. 19/5 Mullis now hopes to draw upon this pool of expertise. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022; most recently modified version published online June 2022). > see also also refers to : draw-comb. form < n.a1450v.eOE see also
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drawn.

Phrases

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drawv.

Phrases

Phrasal verbs

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